WO2013146423A1 - ヘリコプター衛星通信システム、ヘリコプター搭載通信装置、地上局通信装置、通信方法、及びコンピュータプログラム - Google Patents
ヘリコプター衛星通信システム、ヘリコプター搭載通信装置、地上局通信装置、通信方法、及びコンピュータプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013146423A1 WO2013146423A1 PCT/JP2013/057667 JP2013057667W WO2013146423A1 WO 2013146423 A1 WO2013146423 A1 WO 2013146423A1 JP 2013057667 W JP2013057667 W JP 2013057667W WO 2013146423 A1 WO2013146423 A1 WO 2013146423A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
- H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
- H04B7/18508—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service with satellite system used as relay, i.e. aeronautical mobile satellite service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
- H04B7/18543—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection for adaptation of transmission parameters, e.g. power control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a helicopter satellite communication system, a helicopter-mounted communication device, a ground station communication device, a communication method, and a computer program.
- the communication device for mounting a helicopter disclosed in Patent Document 1 detects the rotation angle of the rotor blade, and based on the detected rotation angle, the timing at which the rotor blade crosses the radiation range of the antenna The parameter of data compression encoding is changed according to the amount of transmission data accumulated and the transmission is stopped in a period in which the rotor blade crosses the radiation range of the antenna.
- this helicopter-mounted communication device prevents the situation where the rotor impedes communication.
- the direction in which the communication satellite is viewed from the antenna varies depending on the attitude of the helicopter or the geographical position. For this reason, the time rate at which the beam transmitted from the antenna is interrupted (instantaneously interrupted) by the rotor blades changes. In other words, if the rotor blades rotate at a constant cycle and the rotor blade width is constant, the rotation of the rotor blades makes one revolution as the direction of the transmission beam toward the communication satellite becomes farther from the root of the rotor blades. The time rate of interruption (instantaneous interruption) by the wing is reduced.
- Patent Document 1 also describes a transmission data processing method based on such a condition that the beam blocking time rate by the rotor blades changes.
- the transmission rate is set as the transmission rate. Fluctuation occurs, and the video quality such as image disturbance or video stop is deteriorated due to the fluctuation.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide helicopter satellite communication capable of transmitting a constant quality video while suppressing fluctuations in the transmission rate. To do. Another object of the present invention is to provide a helicopter satellite communication capable of transmitting high-quality video.
- a helicopter satellite communication system is a helicopter satellite communication system that performs communication between a helicopter-mounted communication device and a ground station communication device via a communication satellite.
- a cut-off time rate estimating means for estimating a cut-off time rate, which is a ratio of the time during which the transmission beam transmitted toward the rotor is cut off by the rotor blades,
- a video encoding parameter selection unit for selecting a video encoding parameter, a video encoding unit for encoding video data according to the video encoding parameter selected by the video encoding parameter selection unit and outputting a video packet, and a video encoding unit If the number of output video packets is less than the specified number, a null packet is inserted and the transmission packet is Data selection means for making the rate substantially constant, and null packet deletion means for deleting null packets in the packet sequence output from the data selection means and adding information indicating the number of deleted null packets to other packets Buffer means for buffering the packet from which the null packet has been deleted by the nu
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a null packet deletion circuit shown in FIG. 2.
- (A), (b) is a figure which shows the structure of a packet, (c) is a figure explaining NPD.
- (A) is a figure which shows the example of a interruption
- (b) is a figure which shows the timing which a rotor blade interrupts
- It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the ground station communication apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process of the communication apparatus with a helicopter which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process of the ground station communication apparatus which concerns on embodiment.
- (A)-(e) is a figure for demonstrating operation
- (A)-(e) is a figure for demonstrating operation
- the helicopter-equipped communication device 200 is connected to an imaging device 220, and includes an audio encoding circuit 201, a video encoding circuit 202, a data selection circuit 203, a null packet deletion circuit 204, A rate variable circuit 205, a modulator 206, a transmitter 207, and an antenna 208 are provided.
- the helicopter-equipped communication device 200 further includes a cutoff timing estimation circuit 209, a cutoff time rate estimation circuit 210, and a video encoding parameter selection circuit 211.
- the imaging device 220 is mounted on the helicopter together with the helicopter-mounted communication device 200, performs imaging processing, and outputs video data and audio data.
- the audio encoding circuit 201 compresses and encodes audio data output from the imaging device 220 and outputs an audio packet.
- the video encoding circuit 202 functions as a video encoding unit, and compresses and encodes video data output from the imaging device 220 in accordance with the video encoding parameter selected by the video encoding parameter selection circuit 211 to generate a video. Output the packet.
- the video coding parameter selection circuit 211 sets video coding parameters such that the video coding rate and the video frame rate are lowered (the compression rate is increased) as the cutoff period rate is increased. select. Therefore, the video encoding circuit 202 compresses and encodes the video data so that the video encoding rate and the video frame rate decrease (the compression rate increases) as the cutoff period rate increases. Accordingly, the number of video packets output by the video encoding circuit 202 decreases as the cutoff period rate increases if the amount of input video data is the same.
- the data selection circuit 203 functions as data selection means, and sequentially selects an audio packet output from the audio encoding circuit 201, a video packet supplied from the video encoding circuit 202, and a predetermined index packet. Output. Further, the data selection circuit 203 selects and outputs a null packet at a predetermined ratio with respect to the video packet according to the cutoff time rate TR supplied from the cutoff time rate estimation circuit 210, and outputs a constant TS rate. A TS (Transport Stream) stream is generated. That is, the data selection circuit 203 selects a null packet when the number of video packets is less than the specified number per unit time (the number of video packets supplied when the cutoff time rate TR is the lowest).
- TS Transport Stream
- the null packet deletion circuit 204 functions as a null packet deletion unit, and deletes a null packet that does not contain valid information (a null packet added by the data selection circuit 203).
- the null packet deletion circuit 204 includes a buffer 241, a processing unit 242, and a counter 243, as shown in FIG.
- the processing unit 242 determines that the packet is a null packet, the processing unit 242 discards the packet in the buffer 241 and increments the count value of the counter 243 by +1.
- 1-byte NPD Null Packet Delete
- the processing unit resets the count value of the counter 243 to zero.
- the rate variable circuit 205 functions as a buffer means, and is composed of a FIFO (First In In First First Out) memory.
- the TS stream from which null packets are deleted is buffered by the FIFO method, and the request from the modulator 206 is made. In response, the stored packet is output.
- FIFO First In In First First Out
- the modulator 206 functions as a modulation transmission means, and in response to the cutoff timing signal ST supplied from the cutoff timing estimation circuit 209, it transmits a transmittable timing (rotating the antenna beam toward the communication satellite 300). At the timing when the wings are not interrupted), the rate variable circuit 205 is requested to output a packet, and the data constituting the buffered transmission target packet is sequentially read from the head and modulated.
- the inertial navigation data is data indicating the state of the helicopter in space consisting of helicopter attitude information (roll, pitch, yaw angle and nose direction), position information (navigation altitude, latitude / longitude), and the like.
- the rotor blade detection signal is a signal that is detected at a specific rotational position every time the rotor blade makes one rotation around its rotation axis. For example, a mark (magnetic material) provided on the rotor blade or the rotation shaft (rotation side). This is a signal that is detected and output by a detector (magnetic detector) provided at a specific angle on the body side (fixed side).
- the antenna 208 of the helicopter-mounted communication device 200 is usually installed in the helicopter fuselage below the rotor blade.
- the direction of viewing the communication satellite 300 from the antenna 208 changes, and as a result, the timing at which the beam transmitted from the antenna 208 is interrupted (instantaneously interrupted) by the rotor blades also changes.
- the cutoff timing estimation circuit 209 stores the position information of the communication satellite 300 in advance, and the transmission beam transmitted from the antenna 208 of the helicopter is transmitted from the supplied inertial navigation data and the stored position information of the communication satellite 300. Calculate the direction.
- the cutoff timing estimation circuit 209 obtains a time at which the rotor blade passes a specific angle position (transmission beam position) from the calculated transmission beam direction and the rotor blade detection signal.
- the shut-off timing estimation circuit 209 calculates the average blade rotation speed by counting the detection signals, and estimates the time change of the angular position of the rotor blade based on the calculated blade rotation speed.
- the interruption timing estimation circuit 209 is configured to detect an interruption period (instantaneous interruption time: transmission impossible period) Ta in which the beam is interrupted (instantaneous interruption) by the rotor blades from the temporal change in the angular position of the rotor blades and the beam direction. A period until the beam is blocked (transmittable period Tb) is estimated, and a blocking timing signal ST shown in FIG. 7A is generated.
- the interruption time rate estimation circuit 210 functions as a part of the interruption time rate estimation means, and the time during which the communication path from the antenna 208 to the communication satellite 300 is interrupted by the rotor blades during one round of the rotor blades.
- the cut-off time rate indicating the ratio is obtained.
- the cutoff time rate TR is reduced by the rotor blade during one round of the rotor blade as the transmission beam from the antenna 208 toward the communication satellite 300 is further away from the root of the rotor blade.
- the blocking rate TR increases, the information amount of the video packet output from the video encoding circuit 202 is reduced, and the information amount of the null packet is increased instead.
- the TS rate is kept almost constant.
- the null packet deletion circuit 204 deletes the null packet
- the rate variable circuit 205 buffers the transmission data by the FIFO method, and varies the information rate according to the cutoff time rate TR.
- hysteresis is set in the threshold value so that the video coding parameter does not change frequently, and when the cutoff time rate TR exceeds the threshold value from a small value to a large value, the threshold value is changed from a large value to a small value.
- the ground station communication apparatus 100 includes an antenna 101, a receiver 102, a demodulator 103, a null packet insertion circuit 104, a rate fluctuation compensation circuit 105, a data separation circuit 106, and a video decoding circuit 107.
- the antenna 101 receives radio waves from the communication satellite 300 and outputs them to the receiver 102.
- the receiver 102 functions as a receiving unit, and performs low-noise amplification and low-frequency conversion on the reception signal received by the antenna 101.
- the demodulator 103 functions as demodulation means and demodulates the signal received by the receiver 102.
- the null packet insertion circuit 104 functions as null packet insertion means, and inserts the null packet deleted by the null packet deletion circuit 204 of the helicopter-equipped communication device 200. More specifically, the null packet insertion circuit 104 refers to the NPD of the demodulated packet, and if a numerical value is recorded there, generates the null packet by that number, before the packet or Insert later.
- the inertial navigation data and the rotor blade detection signal are supplied to the cutoff timing estimation circuit 209.
- the interruption timing estimation circuit 209 identifies the timing at which the rotor blades shut off the communication path between the antenna 208 and the communication satellite 300 from the inertial navigation data and the rotor blade detection signal, as shown in FIG. Further, the duration time is calculated, and a cutoff timing signal ST shown in FIG. 7A is generated and output (step S1).
- the period when the cutoff timing signal ST is at the high level is the cutoff period Ta and communication is not possible, and the period when the cutoff timing signal ST is at the low level is the transmittable period Tb and communication is possible.
- the video encoding parameter selection circuit 211 refers to the video encoding parameter setting table 211T shown in FIG. 3A on the basis of the cutoff time rate TR supplied from the cutoff time rate estimation circuit 210, and determines the video encoding rate and the image frame rate. And the like are determined and set in the video encoding circuit 202. (Step S3). At this time, the parameters are switched with hysteresis so that the cutoff time rate TR varies and the coding parameters are not changed frequently.
- the video encoding circuit 202 encodes the video data supplied from the imaging device with the set parameters (step S4).
- the data selection circuit 203 sequentially selects the supplied video packet, audio packet, and index packet. Further, the data selection circuit 203 determines whether the null packet is transmitted at a specified rate with respect to the number of selected video packets in accordance with the cutoff time rate TR supplied from the cutoff time rate estimation circuit 210 and the stored selection control table 203T. Is selected and output (step S5).
- the modulator 206 determines whether or not the transmission possible period Tb is in accordance with the signal level of the cutoff timing signal ST (step S10). If the current time is located in the transmission impossible period Ta (step S10; No), the modulator 206 stands by. If the current time is located in the transmittable period Tb (step S10; Yes), the data stored in the rate variable circuit 205 is read out, modulated, and supplied to the transmitter 207 (step S11).
- the transmitter 207 performs high-frequency conversion and amplification on the modulated transmission signal, and performs burst transmission from the antenna 208 to the communication satellite 300 by sewing between the rotor blades (step S12).
- the receiver 102 burst-receives the signal repeated by the communication satellite 300 via the antenna 101 directed to the communication satellite 300, and outputs the received signal to the demodulator 103 (step S21).
- the demodulator 103 demodulates the supplied received signal and supplies the demodulated signal to the null packet insertion circuit 104 (step S22).
- the video decoding circuit 107 decodes the video packet supplied from the data separation circuit 106 and outputs video data (step S28).
- the video coding parameter selection circuit 211 refers to the video coding parameter setting table 211T shown in FIG. 3A based on the cutoff time rate TR, and selects a video coding parameter that increases both the video coding rate and the image frame rate. It is determined and set in the video encoding circuit 202. (Step S3).
- the rate variable circuit 205 stores the supplied TS stream by the FIFO method (step S9).
- the modulator 206 determines whether or not it is a transmittable period Tb according to the signal level of the cutoff timing signal ST, and the current time is set to the transmittable period Tb. If it is located, the data stored in the rate variable circuit 205 is read out, modulated, and supplied to the transmitter 207 (step S11).
- the demodulator 103 demodulates the supplied received signal, demodulates the signal shown in FIG. 11 (e), and supplies it to the null packet insertion circuit 104 (step S22).
- the null packet insertion circuit 104 checks the NPD added to the end of the received packet (step S23). Since the NPD is 0 (step S23; Yes), the NPD is deleted (step S24), and the rate fluctuation compensation circuit 105 Output to.
- the rate fluctuation compensation circuit 105 accumulates the packet supplied from the null packet insertion circuit 104 by the FIFO method (step S25).
- the rate fluctuation compensation circuit 105 performs retiming of the accumulated packets in order to smooth the packet rate, and outputs the packets to the data separation circuit 106 as shown in FIG. 11B (step S27).
- the data separation circuit 106 also outputs video packets, audio packets, and index packets (step S27).
- the video decoding circuit 107 decodes the video packet shown in FIG. 11A supplied from the data separation circuit 106, and outputs video data (step S28).
- the video coding parameter selection circuit 211 refers to the video coding parameter setting table 211T shown in FIG. 3A on the basis of the cutoff time rate TR, and the video coding parameter at which both the video coding rate and the image frame rate are medium speed. Is set in the video encoding circuit 202. (Step S3).
- the data selection circuit 203 selects and outputs a video packet, an audio packet, an index packet, and a null packet. However, since the number of video packets is less than the prescribed number of five and is three, the cut-off time rate TR is 90%. Therefore, the selection control table 203T obtains a null packet selection rate of 70%. Null packets are selected. That is, here, for the three video packets, two null packets are selected, and the two that lack the specified number are supplemented. In this way, a packet sequence as shown in FIG. 12B is generated. The packet rate of this packet sequence is substantially the same as the packet rate when the blocking time rate TR shown in FIG.
- the null packet deletion circuit 204 deletes null packets in the supplied packet sequence and adds an NPD indicating the number of null packets immediately preceding to a packet other than the null packets to the end, and FIG. ) Is output.
- the transmission rate of this packet string is smaller than the transmission rate when the cutoff time rate TR shown in FIG. 11B shown in FIG. 11C is small, and even during the transmission possible period Tb even if the cutoff time rate TR is small. It can be sent.
- the rate variable circuit 205 stores the supplied TS stream by the FIFO method (step S9).
- the transmitter 207 performs high-frequency conversion and amplification on the modulated transmission signal, and performs burst transmission from the antenna 208 to the communication satellite 300 by sewing between the rotor blades (step S12).
- the receiver 102 of the ground station communication apparatus 100 receives the signal repeated by the communication satellite 300 in burst and outputs it to the demodulator 103 (step S21).
- the demodulator 103 demodulates the supplied received signal, demodulates the signal shown in FIG. 12E, and supplies it to the null packet insertion circuit 104 (step S22).
- the null packet insertion circuit 104 checks the NPD added to the end of the received packet (step S23), inserts a null packet according to the value of the NPD, deletes the NPD (step S24), and a rate fluctuation compensation circuit To 105.
- the rate fluctuation compensation circuit 105 accumulates the packet supplied from the null packet insertion circuit 104 by the FIFO method (step S25).
- the rate fluctuation compensation circuit 105 performs retiming of the accumulated packets in order to smooth the packet rate, and outputs the packets to the data separation circuit 106 as shown in FIG. 12B (step S27).
- the transmission rate at this time is the same as the transmission rate when the cutoff time rate TR shown in FIG. 11B is small, and the change in the transmission rate due to the change in the cutoff time rate TR is small.
- the data separation circuit 106 also outputs video packets, audio packets, and index packets (step S27).
- the video decoding circuit 107 decodes the video packet shown in FIG. 12A supplied from the data separation circuit 106, and outputs video data (step S28).
- the video encoding rate and the image frame rate are both set to a high speed, the TS rate is kept constant, and the video packets are increased to achieve high image quality.
- Video transmission As the cut-off time rate TR increases, the video encoding rate and the image frame rate are set to be lower step by step to reduce video packets and increase the number of null packets, thereby making the TS rate constant and reducing rate fluctuations. Seamless video transmission can be performed. As a result, a higher quality video transmission can be performed by keeping the TS rate constant and expanding the video packet separated by the data separation circuit 106 by the video decoding circuit 107 regardless of the blocking time rate TR.
- the above-described embodiment is an example, and various changes and applications are possible.
- the circuit configurations of the helicopter-mounted communication device 200 shown in FIG. 2 and the ground station communication device 100 shown in FIG. 8 can be changed as appropriate.
- all or part of the discrete circuit may be realized by a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) and software.
- video encoding rate and the video frame rate are illustrated as examples of the encoding parameters used by the video encoding circuit 202, other encoding parameters may be adjusted.
- numerical values set in the video encoding parameter setting table 211T and the selection control table 203T can be changed as appropriate. Further, the data selection circuit 203 selects a null packet when the number of video packets is less than the specified number so that the output packet rate is constant without using the cutoff time rate TR, the selection control table 203T, and the like. You may do it.
- a null packet may be added when voice packets are subjected to similar processing and the number of voice packets is insufficient.
- the video packet may include audio data.
- the type of packet is arbitrary.
- a high-accuracy cutoff time rate TR is used.
- other indicators having a correlation with the cutoff time rate TR such as the speed of the rotor blades, can be used as the cutoff time rate. It is.
- the helicopter satellite communication system 1, the ground station communication device 100, and the helicopter-mounted communication device 200 of this embodiment may be realized by a dedicated system or an ordinary computer system.
- the helicopter satellite communication system 1 and the ground station are stored by distributing a program for executing the above-described operation in a computer-readable recording medium, installing the program in a computer, and executing the above-described processing.
- the communication device 100 and the helicopter-mounted communication device 200 may be configured. Further, it may be stored in a disk device provided in a server device on a network such as the Internet so that it can be downloaded to a computer, for example.
- the above-described function may be realized by joint operation of the OS and application software. In this case, only the part other than the OS may be stored and distributed in a medium, or may be downloaded to a computer.
- Recording media for recording the above programs include USB memory, flexible disk, CD, DVD, Blu-ray (registered trademark), MO, SD card, Memory Stick (registered trademark), magnetic disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, Computer-readable recording media such as semiconductor memory and magnetic tape can be used.
- 1 helicopter satellite communication system 100 ground station communication device, 101 antenna, 102 receiver, 103 demodulator, 104 null packet insertion circuit, 105 rate fluctuation compensation circuit, 106 data separation circuit, 107 video decoding circuit, 200 helicopter communication device , 201 audio encoding circuit, 202 video encoding circuit, 203 data selection circuit, 203T selection control table, 204 null packet deletion circuit, 205 rate variable circuit, 206 modulator, 207 transmitter, 208 antenna, 209 cutoff timing estimation circuit 210 cutoff time rate estimation circuit, 211 video coding parameter selection circuit, 211T video coding parameter setting table, 220 imaging device, 241 buffer, 242 processing unit, 243 counter, 00 communication satellite, 400 and 500 lines.
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Abstract
Description
また、この発明は、高品質の映像を伝送することができるヘリコプター衛星通信を提供することを他の目的とする。
本発明の実施の形態に係るヘリコプター衛星通信システム1は、図1に示すように、地上に配置された地上局通信装置100とヘリコプターに配置されたヘリコプター搭載通信装置200とが通信衛星300を介して通信を行うためのシステムである。ヘリコプター衛星通信システム1は、地上局通信装置100から通信衛星300を介してヘリコプター搭載通信装置200へ送信する回線400と、ヘリコプター搭載通信装置200から通信衛星300を介して地上局通信装置100へ送信する回線500と、を備える。
具体的には、ヌルパケット削除回路204は、図5に示すように、バッファ241と、処理部242と、カウンタ243とを備える。
処理部242は、各パケットの先頭に付加されたTSヘッダ内に含まれるPID(Packet ID)の値をチェックし、1FFFhexであれば、ヌルパケットであり、1FFFhex以外であれば、ヌルパケットではないと判定する。
一方、処理部242は、パケットがヌルパケットではないと判定したときは、図6(c)に示すように、そのパケットのTSフレームの末にカウンタ243の値(=直前まで連続していたヌルパケットの数=ヌルパケット削除数)を示す1バイトのNPD(Null Packet Delete)を付加し、レート可変回路205に出力する。その後、処理部は、カウンタ243のカウント値を0にリセットする。
アンテナ208は、送信機207からの送信信号を通信衛星300に向けて送出する。
原理的には、遮断時間率TRと通信帯域幅とにより伝送可能な伝送ビットレートを算出することができる。この伝送ビットレートから、誤り訂正符号化による冗長分や、フレーム同期語及びプリアンブルなどの付加信号分を差し引くことにより、最大の情報速度を決定することができる。この最大の情報速度にヌルパケット削除後の情報速度(送信機207の出力する送信データの伝送速度)が一致するように、映像符号化パラメータ選択回路211で映像符号化レートや画像フレームレート等の映像符号化パラメータを設定する。
これにより、遮断率TRが高くなるに従って、映像符号化回路202から出力される映像パケットの情報量を減らし、代わりにヌルパケットの情報量を増やすことで、データ選択回路203から出力されるパケットのTSレートをほぼ一定に保つようにする。一方で、ヌルパケット削除回路204でヌルパケットを削除して、レート可変回路205で送信データをFIFO方式によりバッファリングし、遮断時間率TRに応じて情報速度を可変する。
地上局通信装置100は、アンテナ101、受信機102、復調器103、ヌルパケット挿入回路104、レート揺らぎ補償回路105、データ分離回路106、映像復号回路107、から構成される。
受信機102は、受信手段として機能するものであり、アンテナ101により受信した受信信号を低雑音増幅し低周波変換する。
復調器103は、復調手段として機能するものであり、受信機102により受信した信号を復調する。
より具体的には、ヌルパケット挿入回路104は、復調されたパケットのNPDを参照し、そこに数値が記録されている場合には、その数だけ、ヌルパケットを生成し、そのパケットの前又は後に挿入する。
データ分離回路106は、データ分離手段として機能するものであり、レート揺らぎ補償回路105から一定レートで出力されたパケットを、映像パケット、音声パケット、インデックスパケット、ヌルパケットに分割して出力する。なお、ヌルパケットは廃棄される。
まず、ヘリコプター搭載通信装置200の送信動作を説明する。なお、ヘリコプター搭載通信装置200は、その各部が並行して動作するが、理解を容易にするため、図9に示すフローチャートを使用して説明する。
遮断タイミング推定回路209は、慣性航法データと回転翼検出信号から、図7(b)に示すように、回転翼がアンテナ208と通信衛星300との間の通信路を遮断するタイミングを特定し、さらに、その継続時間を計算し、図7(a)に示す遮断タイミング信号STを生成し、出力する(ステップS1)。遮断タイミング信号STがハイレベルの期間は、遮断期間Taであり通信ができず、遮断タイミング信号STがローレベルの期間は、送信可能期間Tbであり、通信が可能となる。
TR=Ta/(Ta+Tb)*100
一方、NPDが0以外の場合(ステップS23;No)、NPD分のヌルパケットを挿入し、受信パケットからNPDを削除し(ステップS26)、レート揺らぎ補償回路105に出力する。
映像符号化パラメータ選択回路211は、遮断時間率TRに基づいて、図3Aに示す映像符号化パラメータ設定テーブル211Tを参照し、映像符号化レートと画像フレームレートが共に高速となる映像符号化パラメータを決定し、映像符号化回路202にセットする。(ステップS3)。
このパケット列の伝送レートは、図11(c)に示した図11(b)に示す遮断時間率TRが小さい時の伝送レートよりも小さく、遮断時間率TRが小さくても送信可能期間Tbに送信可能である。
一方、遮断時間率TRが大きくなるに従って、映像符号化レートと画像フレームレートを段階的に低く設定として映像パケットを減らして、ヌルパケットを増やすことで、TSレートを一定にしてレート揺らぎを低減し、シームレスな映像伝送を行うことができる。
これにより、遮断時間率TRによらず、TSレートを一定にし、データ分離回路106で分離した映像パケットを映像復号回路107で伸張することで、より高品質な映像伝送を行うことができる。
例えば、図2に示したヘリコプター搭載通信装置200、図8に示した地上局通信装置100の回路構成は適宜変更可能である。例えば、ディスクリート構成の回路の全部又は一部を、DSP(Digital Signal Processor)とソフトで実現する等してもよい。
Claims (9)
- 通信衛星を介してヘリコプター搭載通信装置と地上局通信装置との間で通信を行うヘリコプター衛星通信システムであって、
前記ヘリコプター搭載通信装置は、
自装置から前記通信衛星に向けて送信する送信ビームが回転翼によって遮断される時間の割合である遮断時間率を推定する遮断時間率推定手段と、
前記遮断時間率推定手段により推定された遮断時間率に基づいて、映像符号化パラメータを選択する映像符号化パラメータ選択手段と、
前記映像符号化パラメータ選択手段により選択された映像符号化パラメータに従って映像データを符号化して映像パケットを出力する映像符号化手段と、
前記映像符号化手段から出力された映像パケットが規定数よりも少ない場合に、ヌルパケットを挿入し、伝送パケットレートを実質的に一定にするデータ選択手段と、
前記データ選択手段から出力されたパケット列中のヌルパケットを削除し、他のパケットに削除したヌルパケットの数を示す情報を付加するヌルパケット削除手段と、
前記ヌルパケット削除手段によりヌルパケットが削除されたパケットをバッファリングするバッファ手段と、
前記バッファ手段に記憶されているパケットを変調し、送信可能タイミングに前記通信衛星へ向けて送信する変調送信手段と、
を具備し、
前記地上局通信装置は、
前記ヘリコプター搭載通信装置から送信された信号を前記通信衛星を介して受信する受信手段と、
前記受信手段により受信された信号を復調して、パケット列を生成する復調手段と、
前記復調手段により再生されたパケット列に含まれている付加情報に基づいて、前記パケット列にヌルパケットを挿入し、前記付加情報を削除するヌルパケット挿入手段と、
前記ヌルパケット挿入手段によりヌルパケットが挿入された後のパケット列をバッファリングしてパケットレートを実質的に一定にするレート揺らぎ補償手段と、
前記レート揺らぎ補償手段から出力されたパケット列から映像パケットを分離するデータ分離手段と、
前記分離手段により分離された映像パケットを復号する映像復号手段と、
を具備する、
ヘリコプター衛星通信システム。 - 前記映像符号化パラメータ選択手段は、遮断時間率が大きくなるに従って、圧縮率がより大きくなる映像符号化パラメータを選択し、
前記映像符号化手段は、前記映像符号化パラメータ選択手段により選択された映像符号化パラメータに従って、遮断時間率が大きくなるに従って、より大きな圧縮率で映像データを符号化し、
前記データ選択手段は、遮断時間率が大きくなるに従って、ヌルパケットを選択する割合を増加する、
請求項1に記載のヘリコプター衛星通信システム。 - 前記ヌルパケット削除手段は、ヌルパケットを削除し、ヌルパケットの前又は後のパケットに、削除したヌルパケットの数を示す情報を付加する、
請求項1又は2に記載のヘリコプター衛星通信システム。 - 通信衛星を介してヘリコプター搭載通信装置と地上局通信装置との間で通信を行うヘリコプター衛星通信システム用のヘリコプター搭載通信装置であって、
自装置から前記通信衛星に向けて送信する送信ビームが回転翼によって遮断される時間の割合である遮断時間率を推定する遮断時間率推定手段と、
前記遮断時間率推定手段により推定された遮断時間率に基づいて、映像符号化パラメータを選択する映像符号化パラメータ選択手段と、
前記映像符号化パラメータ選択手段により選択された映像符号化パラメータに従って映像データを符号化して映像パケットを出力する映像符号化手段と、
前記映像符号化手段から出力された映像パケットが規定数よりも少ない場合に、ヌルパケットを挿入し、伝送パケットレートを実質的に一定にするデータ選択手段と、
前記データ選択手段から出力されたパケット列中のヌルパケットを削除し、他のパケットに削除したヌルパケットの数を示す情報を付加するヌルパケット削除手段と、
前記ヌルパケット削除手段によりヌルパケットが削除されたパケットをバッファリングするバッファ手段と、
前記バッファ手段に記憶されているパケットを変調し、送信可能タイミングに前記通信衛星へ向けて送信する変調送信手段と、
を具備する、ヘリコプター搭載通信装置。 - 通信衛星を介してヘリコプター搭載通信装置と地上局通信装置との間で通信を行うヘリコプター衛星通信システム用の地上局通信装置であって、
前記ヘリコプター搭載通信装置から送信された信号を前記通信衛星を介して受信する受信手段と、
前記受信手段により受信された信号を復調して、パケット列を生成する復調手段と、
前記復調手段により再生されたパケット列に含まれている付加情報に基づいて、前記パケット列にヌルパケットを挿入し、前記付加情報を削除するヌルパケット挿入手段と、
前記ヌルパケット挿入手段によりヌルパケットが挿入された後のパケット列をバッファリングしてパケットレートを実質的に一定にするレート揺らぎ補償手段と、
前記レート揺らぎ補償手段から出力されたパケット列から映像パケットを分離するデータ分離手段と、
前記分離手段により分離された映像パケットを復号する映像復号手段と、
を具備する、地上局通信装置。 - 回転翼で遮断される通信路を介して通信を行うヘリコプター用の通信方法であって、
通信路が回転翼によって遮断される時間の割合を推定し、
推定した割合に基づいた圧縮率で送信対象パケットを符号化して出力し、
送信対象パケットが規定数よりも少ない場合に、ヌルパケットを挿入し、伝送パケットレートを実質的に一定にし、
ヌルパケットを削除して、他の伝送対象パケットに削除したヌルパケットの数を示す情報を付加し、
ヌルパケットが削除されたパケットをバッファリングした後、送信可能タイミングに送信する、
通信方法。 - 回転翼で遮断される通信路を介して送信されてくる信号を受信する通信方法であって、
信号を受信し、
受信した信号を復調して、受信パケット列を生成し、
生成したパケット列に含まれている付加情報に基づいて、パケット列にヌルパケットを挿入し、
付加情報を削除し、
ヌルパケットが挿入した後のパケット列をバッファリングしてパケットレートを調整し、
パケット列から所定のパケットを分離し、
分離したパケットを復号する、
通信方法。 - 通信機能を有するコンピュータに、
通信路が回転翼によって遮断される時間の割合を推定する処理、
推定した割合に基づいた圧縮率で送信対象パケットを符号化して出力する処理、
送信対象パケットが規定数よりも少ない場合に、ヌルパケットを挿入し、伝送パケットレートを実質的に一定にする処理、
ヌルパケットを削除して、他の伝送対象パケットに削除したヌルパケットの数を示す情報を付加する処理、
ヌルパケットが削除されたパケットをバッファリングした後、送信可能タイミングに送信する処理、
を実行させるコンピュータプログラム。 - 通信機能を有するコンピュータに、
回転翼で遮断される通信路を介して送信されてくる信号を受信する処理、
受信した信号を復調して、受信パケット列を生成する処理、
生成したパケット列に含まれている付加情報に基づいて、パケット列にヌルパケットを挿入する処理、
付加情報を削除する処理、
ヌルパケットが挿入した後のパケット列をバッファリングしてパケットレートを調整する処理、
パケット列から所定のパケットを分離する処理、
分離したパケットを復号する処理、
を実行させるコンピュータプログラム。
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US20150055549A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
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CN104247298B (zh) | 2017-06-30 |
EP2833562A4 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
US9319128B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 |
EP2833562B1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
IL234832A0 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
TWI486087B (zh) | 2015-05-21 |
TW201404231A (zh) | 2014-01-16 |
CN104247298A (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
KR20140136465A (ko) | 2014-11-28 |
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