WO2013134909A1 - 一种羽毛吸油围栏结构及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种羽毛吸油围栏结构及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013134909A1
WO2013134909A1 PCT/CN2012/072169 CN2012072169W WO2013134909A1 WO 2013134909 A1 WO2013134909 A1 WO 2013134909A1 CN 2012072169 W CN2012072169 W CN 2012072169W WO 2013134909 A1 WO2013134909 A1 WO 2013134909A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feather
oil
fence
bag
polypropylene
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/072169
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
俞镇慌
Original Assignee
安徽羽冠生态环境材料有限责任公司
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Application filed by 安徽羽冠生态环境材料有限责任公司 filed Critical 安徽羽冠生态环境材料有限责任公司
Priority to PCT/CN2012/072169 priority Critical patent/WO2013134909A1/zh
Priority to CN201280069504.8A priority patent/CN104246079B/zh
Priority to US14/379,749 priority patent/US9598293B2/en
Publication of WO2013134909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013134909A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/06—Barriers therefor construed for applying processing agents or for collecting pollutants, e.g. absorbent
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • E02B15/101—Means floating loosely on the water absorbing the oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oil absorption fence, in particular to a feather oil absorption fence structure prepared by using feathers and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of environmental protection.
  • the raw materials are derived from the feathers of geese and ducks in the poultry breeding industry.
  • down is only about 20 ⁇ 25% of feathers. It is the main raw material for down products.
  • the remaining 75% of feathers are used as scrap.
  • they are used as keratin feed additives after crushing, and the added value is very low.
  • down and feathers are used in a dispersed form. Because of the large number of cavities in the down and feather fibers, the specific gravity is light, and it is easy to fly in the natural environment, which is likely to cause secondary pollution of the environment.
  • Feather is a good oil-absorbing material, so some people think of using feathers for oil absorption and de-oiling after oil spills.
  • Feather raw materials used in industrial processing must be treated with water-eluting grease to meet the health requirements of production personnel.
  • the feathers treated with water-eluting grease can not only absorb oil, but also absorb water; the oil absorption speed is fast, and the water absorption speed is relatively slow.
  • the contaminated area is usually first enclosed by an oil-absorbing fence to prevent the spread of pollution.
  • the oil treatment may take several days.
  • the feathers will absorb water in a few days, and the density of feathers (1.33g/cm 3 ) is greater than the density of water. Therefore, in a few days, the feather suction fence may absorb water. Sinking, the part of the fence that is exposed to the water surface is reduced, and in the case of wind and waves, it cannot effectively block the spread of oil.
  • the feather suction fence usually incorporates the oil absorbing material into a tubular bag, the material of which is a polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric.
  • PP polypropylene
  • the ultraviolet light degradation performance of polypropylene material is very weak. If it is directly exposed to direct sunlight for several days, the strength of the bag will drop sharply, and it may be broken under the influence of wind and waves, causing the oil absorption material inside to be exposed, affecting the oil absorption performance. May fall off and float on the water, For example, meltblown polypropylene oil absorbing materials have the possibility of such breakage, which affects the oil treatment work. Summary of the invention
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a feather oil-absorbing fence structure which adopts a double structure of an inner core and an outer ring, and the inner core portion can provide reliable floating property for a feather oil-absorbing fence.
  • the outer ring portion strengthens and protects the inner ring portion, thereby slowing down the strength of the inner ring portion due to direct sunlight.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of preparing a feather suction fence structure.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:
  • a feather oil suction fence structure comprising:
  • the inner core is a cloth bag, and the cloth bag is filled with a feather oil absorbing material;
  • the bag material is a spunbond-meltblown-spunbonded polypropylene nonwoven fabric having a surface density of 24 g/m 2 to 50 g/m 2 ; and a hydrostatic pressure resistance of 300 mm water column;
  • the outer ring is a sheet-shaped oil absorbing felt formed by heat fusion of feathers and low-melting two-component polypropylene/polyethylene fibers, and the weight ratio of the feathers to the polypropylene/polyethylene fibers is 70 to 85: 15 ⁇ 30;
  • the sheet-like felt has an average areal density of 150 g/m 2 to 400 g/m 2 .
  • the feather oil absorbing material is a sheet-like or strip-shaped or block-shaped absorbent felt in which feathers are thermally bonded to low-melting two-component polypropylene/polyethylene fibers.
  • the feather oil absorbing material is a regenerated fiber or a cellulose fiber or a feather.
  • the radius of the bag has the following relationship with the sinking volume of the feather sucking fence structure: Where: R x is the radius of the bag;
  • W is the weight (g) of the unit length (1 m) of the feather suction fence;
  • ⁇ is the pi ratio;
  • R is the radius of the oil suction fence (m); r is the density of water (g/ m3 ) ;
  • A% is the percentage of the total volume of the feather sucking fence structure that is required to sink into the water after the outer ring feather sucking material saturates and absorbs water.
  • the inner core has a density of 10 kg/m 3 to 32 kg/m 3
  • the oil absorbing felt is prepared by the following method:
  • step a using an air-laid machine to form the feathers and fibers mixed in step a into a fiber web;
  • the feather can be used to prepare the oil absorbing felt, or the feather silk can be used.
  • the feather silk is obtained by the waste film produced in the current down processing industry and the badminton manufacturing industry, and the feather shaft is removed by a special process.
  • the feather or feather wire is mixed with the polypropylene/polyethylene fiber, and the above-mentioned mixed material is made into a fiber web by air-laid technology in the textile non-woven processing, and then passed through the subsequent drying room at a high temperature.
  • the polyethylene component After the polyethylene component has a melting point of 125 ° C and a melting point of 165 ° C below the melting point of the polypropylene component, the polyethylene component is melted to bond the feather or feather and polypropylene fibers into a monolithic composite molding material. Then, the molding material can be made into sheet-like or strip-shaped or block-shaped absorbent felt or direct-rolling package of various sizes by subsequent cutting equipment.
  • R x is the radius of the bag
  • ⁇ is the pi ratio
  • R is the radius of the oil suction fence (m); r is the density of water (g/ m3 ) ;
  • a% is the percentage of the total volume of the feather suction fence structure after the saturated oil absorption of the outer ring feather oil absorbing material is required
  • the spunbonded melt-blown-spun non-woven bag can pass the oil; when the water pressure is lower than 300mm, the water cannot enter through the bag.
  • the feather in the inner core is in the oil absorbing material. Therefore, as long as the density of the inner core portion is controlled in the range of 10 kg/m 3 to 40 kg/m 3 , the inner core portion can provide sufficient and reliable floating property for the feather suction fence.
  • the sinking depth of the feather suction fence can be controlled according to the actual use.
  • the specific sinking depth can be calculated by the formula mentioned in the method for preparing the feather suction fence structure, so that the production personnel can set it in advance.
  • the sinking volume of the oil-absorbing fence under the saturated water absorption of the part of the feather ensures that it has a certain volume to float out of the water surface, thus effectively intercepting the spread of oil in the water body.
  • This structure of feather suction fences increases the control of the production crew's ability to float the oil-absorbing fence.
  • the feather suction fence of the present invention adopts the double structure of the inner core and the outer ring.
  • the structure has two advantages: First, when used, the sunlight cannot be directly sun-dried onto the inner bag of the polypropylene material. This can significantly slow down the strength of the bag due to direct degradation of ultraviolet light in sunlight.
  • the strength of the sheet-shaped oil-absorbing felt of the outer ring is much higher than that of the bag material.
  • the bonding material of the sheet-shaped oil-absorbing felt is a polyethylene component, which also degrades under direct sunlight, but adopts feathers and low melting point as a whole.
  • the UV-resistant photo-degradation performance of the two-component polypropylene/polyethylene heat-bonded felt is significantly better than that of pure polypropylene; the second is when the oil-absorbing fence of this patent encounters wind and waves in actual use, water
  • the wave-shaped oil-absorbing felt of the outer ring is in contact with the spun-bonded-melt-spray-spun polypropylene nonwoven bag of the inner core, and the sheet-like oil-absorbing felt is a porous structure material, which will pass through the water wave.
  • the blocking effect is such that the water pressure on the surface of the inner bag is much lower than the actual water pressure generated by the water wave, which is equivalent to improving the anti-hydrostatic pressure of the bag itself. Therefore, the oil-absorbing fence of this structure also improves the adaptability to wind and waves, thereby contributing to further improving the reliability of ensuring the floating performance of the oil-absorbing fence.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an oil suction fence of the present invention.
  • the oil-absorbing fence of the patent comprises two parts: an inner core 2; an outer ring 3 wound around the inner core 2; an inner core 2 is a cloth bag, and the cloth bag is filled with a feather oil-absorbing material; the cloth bag material is a spunbond-melt-spray-spunbond Polypropylene nonwoven fabric, non-woven fabric surface density of 24 g / m 2 ⁇ 50 g / m 2 ; hydrostatic pressure resistance of 300 mm water column.
  • the outer ring 3 is a sheet-shaped oil absorbing felt formed by heat fusion of feathers and low-melting two-component polypropylene/polyethylene fibers, feather
  • the weight ratio of wool to polypropylene/polyethylene fiber is 70 to 85: 15 to 30 ; the average areal density of the sheet-shaped felt is 150 g/m 2 to 400 g/m 2 .
  • the feather-absorbing material in the bag is a sheet-like or strip-like or block-shaped felt that is thermally bonded to the low-melting bicomponent polypropylene/polyethylene fiber.
  • the feather absorbing material may be recycled fiber or cellulose fiber or feather.
  • the diameter of the feather suction fence is 0.4 meters, and the weight per meter (w) is set to 1600g. After the outer ring feather oil absorption material is saturated and absorbed, the suction volume of the oil suction fence is 50% of the total volume of the oil absorption fence, that is, there are still 50 % of the oil absorption first, according to the formula
  • a spunbond, meltblown, spunbonded polypropylene nonwoven bag has been prepared and the bag is tied.
  • the sheet-shaped felt is cut out by the above weight, wrapped around the outer circumference of the inner core portion, and fixed.
  • the weight ratio of feather to polypropylene/polyethylene fiber in the felt is: 85:15.
  • the diameter of the feather suction fence is 0.2 meters, and the weight per meter (w) is set to 1000g. After the outer ring feathers are saturated and absorbed, 50% of the total volume of the suction column is required. First, calculate according to the formula
  • the spunbond-meltblown-spunbonded polypropylene non-woven fabric bag has a radius of 1 ⁇ 0.073 meters, and is formed into a cloth bag by ultrasonic bonding according to the radius, and the non-woven fabric is formed.
  • the areal density of the cloth was 25 g/m 2 .
  • a feather-like felt having a areal density of 400 g/m 2 and a thickness of about 15 mm and a low-melting bicomponent polypropylene/polyethylene sheet were cut at the above weight, wrapped around the outer circumference of the inner core portion, and fixed.
  • the weight ratio of feather to polypropylene/polyethylene fiber in the felt is 70:30.
  • the oil-absorbing fence is completely submerged in water.
  • the diameter of the feather suction fence is 0.4 meters, and the weight per meter (w) is set to 1800g. After the outer ring feathers are saturated and absorb water, the total volume of the suction column is 40%. First, calculate according to the formula
  • the radius of the spunbond-meltblown-spunbonded polypropylene non-woven bag is 0.157 m.
  • a bag was formed by ultrasonic bonding at this radius, and the non-woven fabric had an areal density of 50 g/m 2 .
  • the weight will be taken up into a tubular feather and a low-melting two-component polypropylene/polyethylene sheet-like felt, or a strip, block of the above-mentioned felt, or recycled fiber, or kapok, or a mixture of the above materials.
  • the prepared spunbond, meltblown, spunbonded polypropylene nonwoven bag was filled and the bag was tied.
  • a feather-like felt having a areal density of 200 g/m 2 and a thickness of about 15 mm and a low-melting bicomponent polypropylene/polyethylene sheet were cut out at the above weight, wrapped around the outer periphery of the inner core portion, and fixed.
  • Feather and polypropylene in oil absorbing felt The weight ratio of the polyethylene fibers is: 70:30.
  • the density of the inner core portion is: 14315 (g/m 3 ) ;
  • the outer ring part density is: 14327 (g/m 3 )o
  • the diameter of the feather suction fence is 0.5 meters, and the weight per meter (w) is set to 2500g. After the outer ring feathers are saturated and absorb water, the total volume of the suction column is 60%. First, calculate according to the formula
  • the radius of the spunbond-meltblown-spunbonded polypropylene nonwoven bag is 0.161 m
  • a bag was formed by ultrasonic bonding at this radius
  • the nonwoven fabric had an areal density of 50 g/m 2 .
  • a feather-like felt having an areal density of 250 g/m 2 and a thickness of about 20 mm and a low-melting bicomponent polypropylene/polyethylene sheet were cut out at the above weight, wrapped around the outer periphery of the inner core portion, and fixed.
  • the weight ratio of feather to polypropylene/polyethylene fiber in the felt is 70:30.
  • the density of the inner core portion is: 12739 (g/m 3 ) ;
  • the outer ring part density is: 12738 (g/m 3 )o
  • the diameter of the feather suction fence is 0.2 meters, and the weight per meter (w) is set to 1200g. After the outer ring feathers are saturated and absorb water, the total volume of the suction column is 30%. First, calculate according to the formula
  • the radius of the spunbond-meltblown-spunbonded polypropylene nonwoven bag is 1 ⁇ 0.06 m
  • a bag was formed by ultrasonic bonding at this radius, and the non-woven fabric had an areal density of 25 g/m 2 .
  • the weight will be taken up into a tubular feather and a low-melting two-component polypropylene/polyethylene sheet-like felt, or a strip, block of the above-mentioned felt, or recycled fiber, or kapok, or a mixture of the above materials.
  • the prepared spunbond, meltblown, spunbonded polypropylene nonwoven bag was filled and the bag was tied.
  • a feather-like felt having a areal density of 160 g/m 2 and a thickness of about 8 mm and a low-melting bicomponent polypropylene/polyethylene sheet were cut out at the above weight, wrapped around the outer periphery of the inner core portion, and fixed.
  • the weight ratio of feather to polypropylene/polyethylene fiber in the felt is 70:30.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
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  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

一种羽毛吸油围栏结构，包括一内芯（2）；一缠绕在内芯（2）外面的外圈（3）。内芯（2）为一布袋，布袋中充填有羽毛吸油材料；布袋材料为纺粘——熔喷——纺粘聚丙烯非织造布；外圈（3）为由羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯/聚乙烯纤维热熔合形成的片状吸油毡，羽毛与聚丙烯/聚乙烯纤维的重量比为70〜85：15〜30。该围栏能够提供可靠的漂浮性，减缓内芯强度的下降。还公开了一种羽毛吸油围栏结构的制备方法。

Description

一种羽毛吸油围栏结构及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸油围栏， 尤指一种采用羽毛制备而成的羽毛吸油围 栏结构以及其制备方法， 属于环境保护领域。
背景技术
现有的羽绒制品生产中， 原料来源于家禽养殖业中鹅与鸭的羽毛。 其 中羽绒仅占羽毛的 20〜25%左右， 是羽绒制品的主要原料， 其余约 75%的羽 毛毛片做为废料， 一般粉碎后作角蛋白饲料添加剂， 附加值很低。 在做上 述用途时， 羽绒、 羽毛都是以分散形态使用， 由于羽绒、 羽毛纤维中空腔 多， 比重轻， 在自然环境中很容易飞散， 容易造成环境的二次污染。
近年来， 海上石油泄漏导致的海洋污染时有发生， 治理海洋污染迫在 眉睫。 羽毛是一种很好的吸油材料， 因此有人想到了将羽毛用于进行石油 泄漏后的吸油、 脱油。 由于用于工业化加工的羽毛原料， 都须经水洗脱油 脂处理以满足生产人员的卫生健康要求。 而经过水洗脱脂处理的羽毛， 不 仅能吸油， 而且还能吸水； 其吸油速度很快， 而吸水速度比较缓慢。 当水 体受到油或有机溶剂污染时， 通常首先用吸油围栏将污染区域围起来， 防 止污染扩散。 当油污面积比较大时， 油污处理可能要历时几天。 羽毛制备 的吸油围栏在几天的时间里，由于羽毛也会吸水，而羽毛的密度（1.33g/cm3 ) 比水的密度大， 所以在几天的时间里， 羽毛吸油围栏可能会吸水出现下沉， 导致围栏露出水面的部分减小， 在有风浪情况下， 不能有效地拦阻油污的 扩散。
其次， 羽毛吸油围栏通常将吸油材料装入管状袋中， 袋子的材料为聚 丙烯 （PP) 非织造布。 聚丙烯材料紫外光降解的性能很弱， 如果连续几天 直接暴露在阳光直晒下， 袋子的强度会急剧下降， 在风浪影响下可能破碎， 导致里面的吸油材料暴露在外， 影响吸油性能， 也可能脱落漂浮于水面上， 例如熔喷聚丙烯吸油材料就有这种破碎的可能性， 影响油污处理工作。 发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题， 本发明的目的在于提供一种羽毛吸油围 栏结构， 这种羽毛吸油围栏采用内芯与外圈的双重结构， 内芯部分能为羽 毛吸油围栏提供可靠的漂浮性， 外圈部分加强并保护内圈部分， 从而减缓 内圈部分因为阳光直晒可能导致的强度下降。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种羽毛吸油围栏结构的制备方法。 本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种羽毛吸油围栏结构， 所述吸油围栏包括：
一内芯；
一缠绕在所述内芯外面的外圈；
所述内芯为一布袋， 所述布袋中充填有羽毛吸油材料；
所述布袋材料为纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布，所述非织造布面密 度为 24克 /米 2〜50克 /米 2； 耐静水压为 300mm水柱；
所述外圈为由羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维热熔合形成的片 状吸油毡，所述羽毛与所述聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维的重量比为 70〜85 : 15〜30； 所述的片状吸油毡的平均面密度为 150克 /米 2〜400克 /米 2。
进一步优选地， 所述羽毛吸油材料为羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙 烯纤维热粘合的片状或者条状或者块状吸油毡。
进一步优选地， 所述羽毛吸油材料为再生纤维或纤维素纤维或者羽丝。 进一步优选地，所述布袋的半径与所述羽毛吸油围栏结构下沉体积存在 如下关系：
Figure imgf000004_0001
其中： Rx 为布袋的半径;
W为羽毛吸油围栏单位长度 （1米） 的重量 （g ) ; π 为圆周率；
R 为吸油围栏半径 （米）； r 为水的密度 （克 /米 3);
a% 为所述外圈羽毛吸油材料饱和吸水后， 要求所述羽毛吸油 围栏结构沉入水中的体积占所述羽毛吸油围栏结构总体积的百分比。 进一步优选地， 所述内芯的密度为 10kg/m3~32kg/m3
进一步优选地， 所述吸油毡通过以下方法制备而成：
(a)、将羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维混合， 所述羽毛与所述聚 丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维的重量比为 70 85 : 15 30；
(b )、 用气流成网机将步骤 a中混合的羽毛及纤维制作成纤维网；
(c )、 将所述纤维网在 125°C 165°C条件下进行热粘合， 形成连续多孔的 吸油毡。
本专利中可以采用羽毛制备吸油毡， 也可以采用羽丝制备， 羽丝以目 前羽绒加工行业和羽毛球制造行业中产生的废料毛片， 经特殊工艺去除羽 轴后制得。在制备吸油毡时，将羽毛或者羽丝与聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维相混合， 采用纺织非织造加工中的气流成网技术， 将上述混合材料制成纤维网， 然 后经后续烘房在温度高于聚乙烯组分熔点 125°C，低于聚丙烯组分熔点 165 °〇的条件下处理， 聚乙烯组分熔融后将羽毛或者羽丝和聚丙烯纤维粘结成 一个整体性的复合成型材料， 再经后续切割设备可将此成型材料制成各种 尺寸规格的片状或者条状或者块状吸油毡或直接成卷包装。
本专利中制备羽毛吸油围栏结构的方法为：
(a) 根据公式 确定所述布袋半径;
Figure imgf000005_0001
其中： Rx 为布袋的半径； π 为圆周率;
R 为吸油围栏半径 （米）； r 为水的密度 （克 /米 3);
a% 为所述外圈羽毛吸油材料饱和吸水后， 要求所述羽毛吸油围栏结构 沉入水中的体积占所述羽毛吸油围栏结构总体积的百分比；
(b ) 将所述纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布制成所述布袋；
(c )将所述羽毛吸油材料填充到所述布袋中， 然后将所述布袋封口； 所述 羽毛吸油材料填充量由步骤 a中公式计算得出。
本发明的优点如下：
1、 由内芯和外圈两部分组成的羽毛吸油围栏结构中， 纺粘一熔喷一纺 粘非织造布袋能让油通过； 当水压力低于 300mm水柱时， 水不能透过布袋 进入到内芯中的羽毛吸油材料中。 因此， 只要将内芯部分的密度控制在 10kg/m3~40kg/m3范围里，内芯部分就能够为羽毛吸油围栏提供充分而可靠 的漂浮性。
2、本专利中可以根据实际使用需要控制羽毛吸油围栏的下沉深度， 具 体下沉深度的控制可以通过制备羽毛吸油围栏结构的方法中提及的公式进 行计算， 这样生产人员可以事先设定在外圈部分羽毛饱和吸水情况下吸油 围栏的下沉体积， 确保其有一定的体积浮出水面， 从而有效地拦截水体中 油污的扩散。 这种结构的羽毛吸油围栏提高了生产人员对吸油围栏漂浮性 能的控制度。
3、 当水体发生油或有机溶剂污染时， 情况往往很复杂， 例如污染水体 面积很大， 而油或有机溶剂在水面上分布不均匀， 此时很难避免羽毛吸油 围栏接触水， 尤其是污染区域较大， 处理污染可能会历时几天， 羽毛吸油 围栏中的羽毛吸水现象更难避免。 本发明考虑到极端情况下， 即外圈部分 饱和吸水情况下，保障羽毛吸油围栏的漂浮性能和有效拦截油污扩散性能。 实际使用中， 由于油和有机溶剂的表面张力比水的表面张力小， 当吸油围 栏接触到油和有机溶剂时， 会将羽毛中先吸进去的水置换出来， 置换后的 部分再接触到水， 将不会再吸水。 因此， 在实际使用中吸油围栏的下沉体 积肯定会低于生产羽毛吸油围栏时设定的体积。 这样这种结构的吸油围栏 对油污水体处理的适应性将大大扩大， 可靠性也大大提高。
4、 本发明的这种羽毛吸油围栏， 采用内芯与外圈的双重结构， 这种结 构有两个优点： 其一是使用时， 阳光不能直接晒到内芯的聚丙烯材料的布 袋上，这可以明显减缓布袋由于太阳光中紫外光直射降解带来的强度下降。 外圈的片状吸油毡的强度比布袋材料的强度高得多， 片状吸油毡的粘结材 料是聚乙烯组分， 在阳光直射下也会产生降解， 但是在整体上采用羽毛和 低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯热粘合的吸油毡的抗紫外线光降解的性能要 明显地优于纯聚丙烯的材料； 其二是当本专利的吸油围栏在实际使用中遭 遇风浪时， 水浪须经过外圈的片状吸油毡才会接触到内芯的纺粘一熔喷一 纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋， 而片状吸油毡是一种多孔结构的材料， 会对通过 的水浪起到阻止作用， 使得内芯的布袋表面承受的水压远低于水浪产生的 实际水压， 这相当于提高了布袋本身抗静水压的性能。 因此， 这种结构的 吸油围栏对风浪的适应性能也有所提高， 从而有助于进一步提高对保障吸 油围栏漂浮性能的可靠性。
附图说明
图 1为本发明中吸油围栏的剖面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。 本专利的吸油围栏包 括两部分： 内芯 2 ; 缠绕在内芯 2外面的外圈 3 ; 内芯 2为一布袋， 布袋中 充填有羽毛吸油材料； 布袋材料为纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布， 非 织造布面密度为 24克 /米 2〜50克 /米 2； 耐静水压为 300mm水柱。 外圈 3 为由羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维热熔合形成的片状吸油毡，羽 毛与聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维的重量比为 70〜85:15〜30; 片状吸油毡的平均面 密度为 150克 /米 2〜400克 /米 2。
优选地， 布袋中的羽毛吸油材料为羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯 纤维热粘合的片状或者条状或者块状吸油毡。 又或者， 羽毛吸油材料可以 为再生纤维或纤维素纤维或者羽丝。 实施例 1
生产要求： 羽毛吸油围栏直径为 0.4米， 每米重量（w)设定为 1600g， 要求外圈羽毛吸油材料饱和吸水后， 吸油围栏下沉体积为吸油围栏总体积 的 50%, 即仍有 50%的吸油围 首先， 按照公式进行计算
Figure imgf000008_0001
其中 w=1600， R=0.2， a%=50%， r=106 可算出：纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋子的半径 1^为 0.143米， 按此半径用超声波粘合缝制成布袋， 非织造布的面密度为 50g/m2。
单位长度 （1米） 的吸油围栏的总体积 （V) 为： π X (0.2) 2Χ1=0.1257
(m3)， 内芯部分体积 (Vl) 为： π X (0.143) 2Χ1=0.0642 (m3)
外圈部分体积（v2)为： v-Vl=0.0615 (m3); 内芯部分吸油材料填入量（Wl) 为： 1600X642 + 1257=817 (g/m)， 可按此重量将卷取成筒状的羽毛与低熔 点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡， 或条状、 块状的上述吸油毡， 或再 生纤维， 或木棉， 或上述材料的混和物装填入已制备的纺粘一熔喷一纺粘 聚丙烯非织造布袋中， 并将袋子扎口。
外圈部分吸油材料重量（w2)为： w- Wl=783 (g/m)，将面密度为 250g/m2， 厚度约为 20mm的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡按上述 重量切取， 包缠在内芯部分的外周， 并固定好。 吸油毡中羽毛与聚丙烯 / 聚乙烯纤维重量比为： 85:15。 校核： 外圈部分吸油材料饱和吸水后的重量为： v2Xr 7J=61400 (g/m)， 其中为 r水为水的密度 （lX106g/ m3)， 吸油围栏自重为 1600 (g/m)， 两者 总重量为 63000 (g/m); 吸油围栏全部沉入水中， 排开水的重量为： vXr水 =125700 (g/m)， 吸油围栏外圈部分饱和吸水后， 沉入水中的实际比例为： 63000 ÷ 125700 X%=50.1%， 与最初设定基本相同。
内芯部分密度为： 817÷0.0642= 12725 (g/ m3); 外圈部分密度为： 783÷0.0615=12731 (g/ m3)。 实施例 2
生产要求： 羽毛吸油围栏直径为 0.2米， 每米重量（w)设定为 1000g， 要求外圈羽毛饱和吸水后， 吸 栏总体积的 50%。 首先， 按照公式进行计算
Figure imgf000009_0001
其中 w=1000， R=0.1， a%=50%， r=106
按本发明中所述公式， 可算出： 纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋 子的半径 1^为 0.073米， 按此半径用超声波粘合缝制成布袋， 所述的非织 造布的面密度为 25g/m2。 单位长度 （1米） 的吸油围栏的总体积 （V) 为： π X (0.1) 2Χ1=0.0314 (m3); 内芯部分体积 （vj 为： π Χ (0.073) 2 X 1=0.0167 (m3); 外圈部分体积 (v2) 为： v-Vl =0.0147 (m3); 内芯部分 的吸油材料填入量 (wj 为： 1000X 167 + 314=532 (g/m)， 可按此重量将 卷取成筒状的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡， 或条状、 块状的上述吸油毡， 或再生纤维， 或木棉， 或上述材料的混和物装填入已 制备的纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋子中， 并将袋子扎口。
外圈部分吸油材料重量（w2)为： w- Wl=468 (g/m)。将面密度为 400g/m2， 厚度约为 15mm的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡按上述 重量切取， 包缠在内芯部分的外周， 并固定好。 吸油毡中羽毛与聚丙烯 / 聚乙烯纤维的重量比为： 70:30。 校核： 外圈部分吸油材料饱和吸水后的重量为： v2Xr 7J=16700 (g/m)， 吸油围栏自重为 1000 (g/m)， 两者总重量为 17700 (g/m); 吸油围栏全部 沉入水中， 排开水的重量为： vXr =31400 (g/m), 吸油围栏外圈部分饱 和吸水后， 沉入水中的实际比例为： 16700 + 31400=53.2%， 与最初设定基 本相同。
内芯部分密度为： 532÷0.0167= 31856 (g/ m3); 外圈部分密度为： 468÷0.0147=31836 (g/ m3)。 实施例 3
生产要求： 羽毛吸油围栏直径为 0.4米， 每米重量（w)设定为 1800g， 要求外圈羽毛饱和吸水后， 吸 栏总体积的 40%。 首先， 按照公式进行计算
Figure imgf000010_0001
其中 w=1800， R=0.2， a%=40%， r=106 按本发明中所述公式， 可算出： 纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造袋子 的半径 1^为 0.157米， 按此半径用超声波粘合缝制成布袋， 所述的非织造 布的面密度为 50g/m2。 单位长度 （1米） 的吸油围栏的总体积 （V) 为： π X (0.2)2Χ1=0.1257 (m3);内芯部分体积（v 为: π X (0.157)2Χ1=0.0774 (m3); 外圈部分体积 （v2) 为： v-Vl =0.0483 (m3); 内芯部分的吸油材料 填入量 (wi 为: 1800X774+1257=1108 (g/m), 可按此重量将卷取成筒 状的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡， 或条状、块状的上 述吸油毡， 或再生纤维， 或木棉， 或上述材料的混和物装填入已制备的纺 粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋子中， 并将袋子扎口。
外圈部分吸油材料重量（w2)为： w- Wl=692 (g/m)。将面密度为 200g/m2， 厚度约为 15mm的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡按上述 重量切取， 包缠在内芯部分的外周， 并固定好。 吸油毡中羽毛与聚丙烯 / 聚乙烯纤维的重量比为： 70:30。
校核： 吸油围栏外圈部分饱和吸水后， 沉入水中的实际比例为： 50100 ÷ 125700 X%=39.9%, 与最初设定基本相同。
内芯部分密度为： 14315 (g/m3);
外圈部分密度为： 14327 (g/m3)o
实施例 4
生产要求： 羽毛吸油围栏直径为 0.5米， 每米重量（w)设定为 2500g， 要求外圈羽毛饱和吸水后， 吸 栏总体积的 60%。 首先， 按照公式进行计算
Figure imgf000011_0001
其中 6
w=1000， R=0.25， a%=60%， r=10 按本发明中所述公式， 可算出： 纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋 子的半径 1^为 0.161米， 按此半径用超声波粘合缝制成布袋， 所述的非织 造布的面密度为 50g/m2。 单位长度 （1米） 的吸油围栏的总体积 （V) 为： π X (0.25) 2Χ 1=0.19625 (m3); 内芯部分体积 (Vl) 为： π X (0.161) 2Χ1=0.0814 (m3); 外圈部分体积 (v2) 为: v-Vl=0.11485 (m3); 内芯部分 的吸油材料填入量 (wj 为: 2500X8140+19625=1037 (g/m)， 可按此重 量将卷取成筒状的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡，或条 状、 块状的上述吸油毡， 或再生纤维， 或木棉， 或上述材料的混和物装填 入已制备的纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋子中， 并将袋子扎口。
外圈部分吸油材料重量（w2)为： w- Wl=1463(g/m)。将面密度为 250g/m2， 厚度约为 20mm的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡按上述 重量切取， 包缠在内芯部分的外周， 并固定好。 吸油毡中羽毛与聚丙烯 / 聚乙烯纤维的重量比为： 70:30。
校核：吸油围栏外圈部分饱和吸水后，沉入水中的实际比例为： 117350 ÷ 196250 X%=59.8%, 与最初设定基本相同。
内芯部分密度为： 12739 (g/m3);
外圈部分密度为： 12738 (g/m3)o
实施例 5
生产要求： 羽毛吸油围栏直径为 0.2米， 每米重量（w)设定为 1200g， 要求外圈羽毛饱和吸水后， 吸 栏总体积的 30%。 首先， 按照公式进行计算
Figure imgf000012_0001
其中 w=1200， R=0.1， a%=30%， r=106 按本发明中所述公式， 可算出： 纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造袋子 的半径 1^为 0.086米， 按此半径用超声波粘合缝制成布袋， 所述的非织造 布的面密度为 25g/m2。 单位长度 （1米） 的吸油围栏的总体积 （V) 为： π X (0.1)2X1=0.0314(m3);内芯部分体积（v 为: π X (0.086)2Χ1=0.0232 (m3); 外圈部分体积 （v2) 为： v-Vl =0.0082 (m3); 内芯部分的吸油材料 填入量 (wi 为： 1200X232 + 314=886 (g/m)， 可按此重量将卷取成筒状 的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡， 或条状、块状的上述 吸油毡， 或再生纤维， 或木棉， 或上述材料的混和物装填入已制备的纺粘 一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布袋子中， 并将袋子扎口。
外圈部分吸油材料重量（w2)为： w-Wl=314(g/m)。将面密度为 160g/m2， 厚度约为 8mm 的羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯的片状吸油毡按上述 重量切取， 包缠在内芯部分的外周， 并固定好。 吸油毡中羽毛与聚丙烯 / 聚乙烯纤维的重量比为： 70:30。
校核： 吸油围栏外圈部分饱和吸水后， 沉入水中的实际比例为： 9400 ÷31400X%=29.9%, 与最初设定基本相同。
内芯部分密度为: 886 + 0.0232=38189 (g/m3); 外圈部分密度为： 314 + 0. 0082=38292 ( g/m3)。
本领域技术人员应该认识到， 上述的具体实施方式只是示例性的， 是 为了更好的使本领域技术人员能够理解本专利， 不能理解为是对本专利保 护范围的限制， 只要是根据本专利所揭示精神的所作的任何等同变更或修 饰， 均落入本专利的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种羽毛吸油围栏结构， 其特征在于， 所述吸油围栏包括：
一内芯；
一缠绕在所述内芯外面的外圈；
所述内芯为一布袋， 所述布袋中充填有羽毛吸油材料；
所述布袋材料为纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布， 所述非织造布面密度 为 24克 /米 2〜50克 /米 2； 耐静水压为 300mm水柱；
所述外圈为由羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维热熔合形成的片状 吸油毡， 所述羽毛与所述聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维的重量比为 70〜85 : 15〜30; 所 述的片状吸油毡的平均面密度为 150克 /米 2〜400克 /米 2。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的羽毛吸油围栏结构， 其特征在于， 所述羽毛吸 油材料为羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维热粘合的片状或者条状或者 块状吸油毡。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的羽毛吸油围栏结构， 其特征在于， 所述羽毛吸 油材料为再生纤维或纤维素纤维或者羽丝。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的羽毛吸油围栏结构， 其特征在于， 所述布袋的 半径与所述羽毛吸 如下关系：
Figure imgf000014_0001
其中： Rx 为布袋的半径;
W为羽毛吸油围栏单位长度 （1米） 的重量 （g ) ; 为圆周率;
R 为吸油围栏半径 （米）； r 为水的密度 （克 /米 3 ) ;
a% 为所述外圈羽毛吸油材料饱和吸水后，要求所述羽毛吸油围栏 结构沉入水中的体积占所述羽毛吸油围栏结构总体积的百分比。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的羽毛吸油围栏结构， 其特征在于， 所述内芯的 密度为 10kg/m3~40kg/m3。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的羽毛吸油围栏结构， 其特征在于： 所述吸 油毡通过以下方法制备而成：
(a)、 将羽毛与低熔点双组分聚丙烯 /聚乙烯纤维混合， 所述羽毛与所述聚丙 烯 /聚乙烯纤维的重量比为 70〜85 : 15〜30；
(b )、 用气流成网机将步骤 a中混合的羽毛及纤维制作成纤维网；
(c )、 将所述纤维网在 125°C〜165°C条件下进行热粘合， 形成连续多孔的吸 油毡。
7、 一种制备如权利要求 1至 6任一权利要求所述的羽毛吸油围栏结构的 方法， 其特征在于：
(a) 根据公式
Figure imgf000015_0001
其中： Rx 为布袋的半径；
W为羽毛吸油围栏单位长度 （1米） 的重量 （g); π 为圆周率；
R 为吸油围栏半径 （米）； r 为水的密度 （克 /米 3);
a% 为所述外圈羽毛吸油材料饱和吸水后，要求所述羽毛吸油围栏 结构沉入水中的体积占所述羽毛吸油围栏结构总体积的百分比；
(b) 将所述纺粘一熔喷一纺粘聚丙烯非织造布制成所述布袋；
(c)将所述羽毛吸油材料填充到所述布袋中， 然后将所述布袋封口； 所述羽 毛吸油材料填充量由步骤 a中公式计算得出。
PCT/CN2012/072169 2012-03-11 2012-03-11 一种羽毛吸油围栏结构及其制备方法 WO2013134909A1 (zh)

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