WO2013132606A1 - 車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置および車両用発電電動機の制御方法 - Google Patents
車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置および車両用発電電動機の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013132606A1 WO2013132606A1 PCT/JP2012/055797 JP2012055797W WO2013132606A1 WO 2013132606 A1 WO2013132606 A1 WO 2013132606A1 JP 2012055797 W JP2012055797 W JP 2012055797W WO 2013132606 A1 WO2013132606 A1 WO 2013132606A1
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- rotating electrical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/18—Controlling the braking effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/16—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles comprising converters between the power source and the motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/45—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for motor vehicles, e.g. car alternators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention is a field winding type power generation that is mounted on a vehicle mainly and operates as an electric motor when starting an engine or assisting torque, and also operates as a generator after starting.
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device for a vehicular generator motor and a control method for the vehicular generator motor.
- field winding type generator motors have a larger field winding inductance than armature winding inductance, so when the drive is stopped, the armature winding and field winding are turned off simultaneously. Then, the reduction rate of the field current is slower than the armature current, and an unintended power generation state may occur due to the induced voltage generated by the residual field magnetic flux. In such a case, excessive power generation may adversely affect the battery and other devices, or excessive braking torque output may adversely affect engine control.
- Patent Document 1 after an instruction to stop driving is given, the field current is reduced while energization of the armature is continued, and after the field current is reduced to a certain level, A method of preventing power generation by stopping energization of the armature has been proposed.
- the induced voltage is less than the B terminal voltage or the battery voltage using the rotational speed of the generator motor and the voltage between the input terminals (hereinafter referred to as the B terminal voltage) or the battery voltage.
- a range value is being calculated.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a method for preventing power generation by providing a field current rapid attenuating means and operating the means at the time of transition from the drive mode to the power generation mode. There is a problem that an additional cost is required for mounting the attenuation means.
- the present invention prevents the unintentional power generation and excessive power generation torque due to the residual field magnetic flux when the drive is stopped without adding parts or circuits, and allows the power of the vehicular generator motor to quickly transition to the next operation mode.
- An object is to provide a conversion device or the like.
- the present invention relates to a field winding type vehicle generator motor field in which a power converter is connected to a rotating electric machine having a field winding and an armature winding, and control is performed according to an operation command from the outside.
- the drive mode stop method is switched according to the operation mode of the transition destination, so that unintended power generation, overpower generation, and excessive torque fluctuations can be generated quickly.
- a power conversion device for a vehicular generator-motor and a control method for a vehicular generator-motor that are caused to change the operation mode.
- the present invention it is possible to prevent unintentional power generation or excessive power generation torque due to residual field magnetic flux when driving is stopped, without adding parts or circuits, and to quickly transition to the next operation mode.
- a plurality of drive stop means are provided, and the drive stop means to be used is switched according to the next transition mode.
- the level of the field current at which the drive stop means is started is determined by the next transition mode.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle system equipped with a power conversion device for a vehicular generator motor according to the present invention.
- the rotating electrical machine 20 of the generator motor 1 is connected to the engine 3 via a power transmission unit 4 such as a belt.
- the generator motor When receiving an operation command (OC) including an operation mode and a torque command from an external idle stop system controller or key switch (both not shown), the generator motor operates in accordance with the command.
- OC operation command
- the generator motor When receiving an operation command (OC) including an operation mode and a torque command from an external idle stop system controller or key switch (both not shown), the generator motor operates in accordance with the command.
- the generator motor 1 when the engine 3 is started, the generator motor 1 operates as a motor (drive mode) and rotates the engine. During operation of the engine, the generator motor 1 operates as a generator (power generation mode), and supplies the generated power to a battery 2 (or a capacitor, hereinafter referred to as a battery) 2 that is a power source that can be charged. In the power generation mode, the generated voltage is controlled to be constant, or the generated current is controlled to generate the commanded torque. Further, even when the engine 3 is in operation, there is a case where it operates as an electric motor as needed to perform torque assist. In addition, a mode in which generated power is consumed inside the generator motor 1 to generate braking torque (braking mode), a mode in which no operation is performed (stop mode), and the like are provided.
- braking mode a mode in which no operation is performed (stop mode)
- the generator motor 1 includes a power conversion device 10 and a rotating electrical machine 20.
- the power converter 10 detects a field current, a field power converter 11, an armature power converter 12, a control unit 13 that instructs the power converters 11 and 12 to turn on / off a power conversion element, and a field current.
- a current sensor 14 is provided.
- the rotating electrical machine 20 includes a field winding 21 that energizes a field current to generate a field magnetic flux, an armature winding 22, and a position sensor 23 that is necessary for obtaining the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 20.
- the field power conversion unit 11 of the generator motor 1 generally uses a half-bridge circuit made up of a MOSFET as a power conversion element.
- the field power conversion unit 11 operates in accordance with an on / off command for the power conversion element from the control unit 13, and supplies a field current to the field winding 21 by PWM control.
- the armature power conversion unit 12 generally uses a three-phase bridge circuit made up of MOSFETs as power conversion elements.
- the armature power conversion unit 12 operates in response to an on / off command for a power conversion element from the control unit 13 during driving (driving mode), and supplies an armature current to the armature winding 22.
- the armature current from the armature winding 22 is rectified and power is supplied to the battery 2 and other loads.
- braking all the power conversion elements of one arm of the three-phase bridge circuit are turned on (referred to as three-phase short-circuit braking), and the generated electric power is consumed inside the generator motor 1.
- stop mode all the power conversion elements are turned off.
- the circuit configuration itself of these bridge circuits is a well-known technique, the detailed description beyond this is abbreviate
- the terminals B and E of the power converter 10 or the generator motor 1 connected to the battery (capacitor) 2 are used as power input / output terminals.
- the control unit 13 is composed of a computer including a storage unit, and FIG. 8 shows an example of a functional block diagram of the control unit 13. In FIG. 8, the configuration according to all the embodiments is shown together.
- the control unit 13 includes a timer 131, a storage unit 132, a first drive stop unit 133, a second drive stop unit 134, a switching unit 135, a drive stop unit 136, and a power generation torque control unit 137.
- step S1 it is determined whether the next operation mode command is a power generation mode or a braking mode.
- the process proceeds to step S2. If not, that is, if the next mode command is another mode such as a stop mode other than the power generation mode and the braking mode, the process proceeds to step S3.
- step S2 the driving operation on the armature (22) side is stopped, the driving operation is terminated, and the mode is changed to the power generation mode or the braking mode. That is, when the next operation mode command is the power generation mode, the field power conversion unit 11 does not perform the field current reduction process, and controls the field power conversion unit 11 and the armature power conversion unit 12 to drive immediately. Exit the mode and enter the power generation mode. Similarly, when the operation mode command is the braking mode, the field power conversion unit 11 does not perform the field current reduction process, and controls the field power conversion unit 11 and the armature power conversion unit 12 to immediately perform the drive mode. To end the transition to the braking mode.
- step S3 by controlling the armature power conversion unit 12 and continuing energization of the armature, the control of the field power conversion unit 11 is stopped and the energization to the field winding 21 is stopped. , Reduce the field current (reduction operation). Thereafter, in step S4, the field current level for determining the reduction operation completion is calculated.
- the field current level for example, as in the above-mentioned patent document 1, the rotational speed of the generator motor 1, the B terminal voltage (the input / output terminal voltage indicated by B in FIG. 1), or the battery voltage (standard battery). Voltage: 12V, 24V, 36V, etc.) to determine a value in a range where the induced voltage is lower than the B terminal voltage or the battery voltage.
- the controller 13 for this purpose is also connected to the input / output terminal B in order to obtain the B terminal voltage.
- the standard voltage of the battery used is stored in the storage means 132 of the control unit 13.
- the field current level for each rotation speed, B terminal voltage, or battery voltage of the generator motor 1 is stored in advance in the storage unit 132 as information for determining a reduction operation completion (field current level) in a table or mathematical expression. It may be stored.
- the control unit 13 obtains the rotational speed of the generator motor 1 from the temporal change in position from the position sensor 23 that detects the rotational position of the rotating electrical machine 20, and obtains the field current from the current sensor 14.
- the induced voltage, rotational speed, and field current of the rotating electrical machine 20 are approximately in the following relationship.
- step S5 After obtaining the field current level for determining the reduction operation completion, in step S5, it is determined whether or not the field current value is equal to or less than the field current level (predetermined threshold value) for determining the reduction operation completion. If the value of the field current is equal to or lower than the field current level for determining the completion of the reduction operation, the induced voltage can be induced even if the control of the armature power conversion unit 12 is stopped and the energization to the armature side is stopped at this stage. Since no unintended power generation is performed in step S2, the process proceeds to step S2, the armature side driving operation is stopped, and the driving operation is terminated.
- the field current level predetermined threshold value
- step S5 If the value of the field current exceeds the field current level for determining the completion of the reduction operation in step S5, the process proceeds to step S6. If the driving operation on the armature side is stopped at this time, the power generation is performed even though the power generation command is not issued. Therefore, in step S6, the armature energization control in the drive mode is continued. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S1, and this series of flows (steps S5 ⁇ S6 ⁇ S1 ⁇ S3 ⁇ S4 ⁇ S5) is repeated to wait for the field current to fall below the field level for completion of the reduction operation determination. Then stop driving.
- step S1 constitutes the switching means 135
- step S2 constitutes the first drive stop means 133
- steps S1 to S6 constitute the second drive stop means 134.
- the driving is stopped immediately without waiting for the field to fall, and the transition is made to power generation or braking.
- the drive is stopped after the field current becomes a certain value or less, and the operation mode is changed to the next operation mode.
- the drive mode is indispensable, but it is only necessary to have one of the power generation mode and the braking mode, and there is no particular need for the braking mode.
- the next mode command is the power generation mode or the braking mode
- the mode is immediately switched to the power generation mode or the braking mode without waiting for the reduction of the field current. If not, the drive ends after performing a reduction process so that unintended power generation is not performed by the residual field current. Therefore, when the next operation mode command is the power generation mode or the braking mode, the power generation operation or the braking operation can be performed quickly, and when it is other than the stop mode, unintended power generation can be prevented.
- the field current level (threshold) is used to determine whether to stop driving. The determination may be made using each predetermined elapsed time corresponding to the field current reaching the above-described field current level after starting (that is, after receiving the next mode command) ( The drive is stopped after a predetermined time). In this case, the elapsed time is counted by the timer 131, for example. Also in such a case, for example, each operation mode to be transitioned, the rotation speed of the generator motor 1, the elapsed time for each B terminal voltage or the battery voltage is stored as a mathematical expression or a table as a reduced operation completion determination (elapsed time) information. May be stored in advance and used.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the power conversion apparatus when the drive mode under the control of the control unit 13 is ended according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Except for the operation of the power conversion device when the drive mode is ended, the operation is the same as in the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.
- step S11 field current reduction processing (reduction operation) is started. This reduction process is the same as in the first embodiment.
- step S12 a field current level Ifth for determining the reduction operation completion is calculated.
- the field current level Ifth as shown in FIG. 4, a value determined from the next operation mode command, the B terminal voltage or the battery voltage, and the rotation speed is used.
- FIG. 4 shows the field current level Ifth (threshold) with respect to the operation mode in which the rotational speed Nmg of the generator motor transitions.
- A indicates Ifth when the next operation mode is the power generation mode
- B indicates Ifth when the next operation mode is other than the power generation mode.
- the field current level Ifth in the power generation mode is set higher than the field current level Ifth in the stop mode other than the power generation mode.
- VB 12V, 24V, 36V
- it can be set for each detected B terminal voltage, or can be defined as an equation.
- Such information (reduction operation completion determination information) can be stored in advance in the storage unit 132 and used, for example.
- the field current level Ifth (threshold) is set so that the generated current immediately after the mode transition is equal to or less than a predetermined value when the operation mode in which the rotating electrical machine transitions next is the power generation mode.
- the field current level Ifth (threshold) for determining the reduction operation completion is set near the maximum field current IfMAX during power generation, and the drive mode is set as early as possible. It is possible to transition from power generation mode to power generation mode. However, when a transition is made from the drive mode to the power generation mode in a state where high rotation and a large field current are flowing, an excessive power generation current is generated immediately after the transition, and an overvoltage may be caused in some cases. In such a case, as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 4, the value of the field current level Ifth is determined in a range in which the generated current does not exceed a certain value.
- the induced voltage is made lower than the B terminal voltage or the battery voltage using the rotation speed of the generator motor and the B terminal voltage or the battery voltage.
- a field current level Ifth (threshold value) within a range is set to prevent unintended power generation.
- the fluctuation range of the B terminal voltage is small and the influence on the field current level Ifth is small. That is, the standard battery voltage stored in advance in the storage means 132 or the like or information for each standard battery voltage (see FIG. 4) is used without detection from the input / output terminals.
- step S13 After obtaining the field current level for determining the reduction operation completion, in step S13, it is determined whether or not the value of the field current is equal to or less than the field current level Ifth (threshold value) for determining the reduction operation completion. If the value of the field current is equal to or less than the field current level for determining the completion of the reduction operation, unintentional power generation is not performed even if the energization to the armature side is stopped at this stage, so go to Step S14. The driving operation on the armature side is stopped and the driving operation is terminated.
- step S15 If the driving operation on the armature side is stopped at this time, the power generation is performed even though the power generation command is not issued. Therefore, in step S15, the armature energization control in the drive mode is continued. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S11, and after repeating this series of steps (steps S13, S15, S11, S12, and S13), the field current waits for the field level to decrease to a field level for completion of the reduction operation determination. Stop driving.
- steps S11 to S15 constitute the drive stopping means 136.
- the field current level Ifth (threshold) for determining the reduction operation completion may be obtained by calculation as described above, or the information for determining the reduction operation completion (field current level) as shown in FIG. Alternatively, it may be stored in advance in the storage means 132 as a table and used.
- the field current threshold for stopping energization on the armature side when changing from the drive mode to another operation mode (next mode) other than the drive mode is changed according to the next operation mode. For example, in the case of a transition from the drive mode to the power generation mode, the energization on the armature side is stopped when the field current decreases to 10 A, and in the case of the transition from the drive mode to the stop mode, the armature side Stop energizing.
- next mode information rotation speed, B terminal voltage or battery voltage.
- the next mode information rotation speed, B terminal voltage or battery voltage.
- the current decreases, the energization on the armature side is stopped.
- the field current is reduced, and the reduction operation completion determination field current level is set to the next operation mode command, B terminal voltage, Search by calculation or storage means according to the rotation speed. Therefore, when the next operation mode command is power generation, power generation operation can be performed promptly, and unintended power generation can be prevented in other operation modes.
- the field current level (threshold) is used to determine whether or not to stop the drive, but this is determined after the field current reduction control is started (that is, the next mode command It may be determined using each predetermined elapsed time corresponding to the field current reaching the above-described field current level. Also in such a case, for example, each operation mode to be transitioned, the rotation speed of the generator motor 1, the elapsed time for each B terminal voltage or the battery voltage is stored as a mathematical expression or a table as a reduced operation completion determination (elapsed time) information. May be stored in advance and used.
- the field current level Ifth may be set based on the next transition operation mode and the rotational speed of the generator motor, or may be set based on the addition of the B terminal voltage or the battery voltage. Also good.
- Embodiment 3 FIG.
- the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in the field current level calculation method for determining the reduction operation completion. Since other parts are the same as those in the second embodiment, only the parts peculiar to the third embodiment will be described below.
- a desired field current command is obtained from the command value of the power generation torque commanded from the host controller and the rotation speed, and the field current control is performed according to the command value of the field current.
- a power generation torque control that generates torque has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 3).
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the relationship between torque and field current when such a generator motor having a power generation torque control function performs control as in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 (a) shows the change with time of the torque, and FIG.
- the power generation torque command Tg is small and the field current at the time of driving is large, the field current remains large, and the mode immediately shifts from the driving mode to the power generation mode. Power generation is performed in a state close to the magnetic current, and more power generation torque than necessary is generated.
- the power generation calculated based on the power generation torque command, the rotation speed, the B terminal voltage, or the battery voltage as shown in FIG.
- the field current command Ifg at the time of torque control is used as the field current level Ifth for determining the reduction operation completion.
- the power generation torque command is included in the operation command OC.
- the generated torque decreases to the torque command in the power generation mode, and then the mode is switched to the power generation mode.
- Such reduction operation completion determination (field current level) information may be stored in advance in, for example, the storage unit 132 as a mathematical expression or a table and used.
- FIG. 7 shows changes with time of torque and field current corresponding to (a) and (b) of FIG. 5, respectively.
- the above processing is performed by the power generation torque control means 137 in FIG.
- a power generation torque command is included in the operation command from the outside, and the power generation torque control means 137 controls the generated power so that the torque generated by the rotating electrical machine 20 during power generation matches the power generation torque command given from the outside.
- the field current threshold is set according to the power generation torque command value.
- the reduction operation is performed, and the field current level for determining the completion of the reduction operation is set to the B terminal voltage, the rotational speed, Calculated according to the torque command at the time. Therefore, when the next operation mode command is power generation, power generation operation can be performed promptly, and generation of excessive power generation torque can be prevented.
- the above operation may be performed based on a torque limit value stored in advance in the storage unit 132 of the control unit 13.
- the “power generation torque command” in the present embodiment can be considered as it is replaced with the “power generation torque limit value”.
- the operation command from the outside includes a power generation torque limit value instead of the power generation torque command, and the power generation torque control means 137 has the torque generated by the rotating electrical machine 20 during power generation equal to or less than the power generation torque limit value.
- the field current threshold is set according to the power generation torque limit value.
- the power conversion device for a vehicular generator motor and the control method for the vehicular generator motor according to the present invention can be applied to a vehicular generator motor in many fields, and has similar effects.
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、この場合本来発電を行いたいにもかかわらず、電機子側は通電を継続しているため、この間の電機子側の電力は無駄に消費されることとなる。
このように、特許文献1による方法では、駆動停止後、次のモードに迅速に遷移できないという課題がある。
また、界磁電流低減処理の開始後、駆動停止手段を開始する界磁電流のレベルを、次に遷移するモードによって決定することとしたものである。
図1はこの発明による車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置を搭載した車両システムの概略的な構成図である。図1において、発電電動機1の回転電機20は、例えばベルト等の動力伝達部4を介してエンジン3に接続されている。
(誘起電圧)=(係数)×(回転速度)×(界磁電流)
(界磁電流)=(誘起電圧)/{(係数)×(回転速度)}
次に、この発明の実施の形態2による車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置ついて説明する。図3はこの発明の実施の形態2による、制御部13の制御による駆動モードを終了する際の電力変換装置の動作を示すフローチャートである。駆動モードを終了する際の電力変換装置の動作以外は、実施の形態1と同様であるため、説明を省略する。
特に界磁電流レベルIfth(閾値)は、回転電機が次に遷移する動作モードが発電モードの場合、モード遷移直後の発電電流が所定値以下になるように設定される。
ただし、高回転かつ大きな界磁電流が流れている状態で駆動モードから発電モードに遷移した場合、遷移直後に過大な発電電流が生じ、場合によっては過電圧を引き起こすことがある。そのような場合は、図4の破線で示すように、界磁電流レベルIfthの値を発電電流がある一定の値を超えないような範囲で定める。
なお、一般的な12V鉛バッテリを使用する場合、B端子電圧の変動幅は少なく、界磁電流レベルIfthに与える影響は小さいため、これを一定として扱ってもよい。すなわち、入出力端子から検出せずに、記憶手段132等に予め格納された規格のバッテリ電圧または規格のバッテリ電圧ごとの情報(図4参照)を使用する。
そして界磁電流レベルIfth(閾値)は、次に遷移する動作モードと発電電動機の回転速度に基づいて設定されてもよいし、B端子電圧またはバッテリ電圧をさらに加えたものに基づいて設定されてもよい。
実施の形態3は、実施の形態2に対して、低減動作完了判定用の界磁電流レベルの演算方法を変更したものである。その他の部分は実施の形態2と同様のため、以下には実施の形態3に特有の部分のみについて説明する。
この実施の形態では、駆動モードから発電モードへ遷移する場合、発生するトルクが発電モードのトルク指令まで下がってから、発電モードへ切換える。
Claims (11)
- 界磁巻線と電機子巻線とを有する回転電機に電力変換装置が接続されて外部からの動作指令に従って制御を行う車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置であって、
前記界磁巻線と電力の入出力端子間に接続され、界磁巻線に流れる界磁電流を制御する界磁電力変換部と、
前記電機子巻線と前記入出力端子間に接続され、交直相互変換を行う電機子電力変換部と、
前記動作指令に基づく前記回転電機の動作モードに応じて前記界磁電力変換部と前記電機子電力変換部を制御する制御部を備え、
前記制御部は、
前記入出力端子から供給される直流電力を交流電力に変換し前記回転電機に駆動トルクを発生させる駆動モード、
前記回転電機で発電された交流電力を直流電力に変換し前記入出力端子に接続された外部の負荷へ供給する発電モード、および
前記回転電機で発電された交流電力を前記回転電機内部および前記電力変換装置内部で消費し、制動トルクを発生させる制動モード、
のうち、前記駆動モードと少なくとも前記発電モードまたは制動モードを含む複数の動作モード間で動作モードを切換え、
前記駆動モードから他のモードへ遷移する際に、次に遷移するモードの種類に従って前記電機子巻線の電機子電流の通電を停止するタイミングを変える、
ことを特徴とする車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記回転電機の動作を駆動モードから他の動作モードに遷移させる際に、ただちに前記電機子電力変換部に電機子電流の通電を停止させる第一の駆動停止手段と、
前記界磁電力制御部に界磁電流の低減処理を開始させ、その後、界磁電流が所定の閾値以下になった場合に、前記電機子電力変換部に電機子電流の通電を停止させる第二の駆動停止手段と、
駆動モードから発電モードまたは制動モードに遷移させる際には前記第一の駆動停止手段を使用し、駆動モードから発電モードまたは制動モード以外に遷移させる際には前記第二の駆動停止手段を使用するように切り換える切換手段と、
含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記回転電機の動作を駆動モードから他の動作モードに遷移させる際に、前記界磁電力変換部に界磁電流の低減処理を開始させ、その後、界磁電流が、遷移する動作モードによって設定されたそれぞれの所定の閾値以下になった場合に、前記電機子電力変換部に電機子電流の通電を停止させる駆動停止手段を含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 前記発電モードへの遷移の際の界磁電流の前記閾値が、他の動作モードへの遷移の際の界磁電流の前記閾値より大きいことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 前記界磁電流の前記閾値が、前記回転電機が次に遷移する動作モードと、前記回転電機の回転速度に従って設定されることを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 前記界磁電流の前記閾値が、前記回転電機が次に遷移する動作モードと、前記回転電機の回転速度と、前記入出力端子の電圧に従って設定されることを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 前記界磁電流の前記閾値が、前記回転電機が次に遷移する動作モードが前記発電モードの場合、モード遷移直後の発電電流が所定値以下になるように設定されることを特徴とする請求項3から6までのいずれか1項に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 外部からの前記動作指令が発電トルク指令を含み、前記制御部は、発電時に前記回転電機が発生するトルクが外部から与えられる前記発電トルク指令と一致するように発電電力を制御する発電トルク制御手段を含み、前記回転電機が次に遷移する動作モードが発電モードの場合、前記界磁電流の前記閾値が、前記発電トルク指令値に従って設定されることを特徴とする、請求項3から6までのいずれか1項に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 外部からの前記動作指令が発電トルク制限値を含み、前記制御部は、発電時に前記回転電機が発生するトルクが前記発電トルク制限値以下となるように発電電力を制御する発電トルク制限手段を含み、前記回転電機が次に遷移する動作モードが発電モードの場合、前記界磁電流の前記閾値が、前記発電トルク制限値に従って設定されることを特徴とする、請求項3から6までのいずれか1項に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 前記界磁電流のための前記閾値の代わりに、前記界磁電流が前記所定の閾値以下になるのに相当するそれぞれの所定の時間経過を使用したことを特徴とする請求項2から9までのいずれか1項に記載の車両用発電電動機の電力変換装置。
- 界磁巻線と電機子巻線とを有する回転電機に電力変換装置が接続されて外部からの動作指令に従って制御を行う車両用発電電動機の制御方法であって、
前記界磁巻線と電力の入出力端子間に接続された界磁電力変換部により界磁巻線に流れる界磁電流を制御し、
前記電機子巻線と前記入出力端子間に接続された電機子電力変換部により交直相互変換を行い、
制御部により前記動作指令に従った前記回転電機の動作モードに応じて前記界磁電力変換部と前記電機子電力変換部を制御し、
前記入出力端子から供給される直流電力を交流電力に変換し前記回転電機に駆動トルクを発生させる駆動モード、
前記回転電機で発電された交流電力を直流電力に変換し前記入出力端子に接続された外部の負荷へ供給する発電モード、および
前記回転電機で発電された交流電力を前記回転電機内部および前記電力変換装置内部で消費し、制動トルクを発生させる制動モードのうち、
前記駆動モードと少なくとも前記発電モードまたは制動モードを含む動作モード間で動作モードを切換え、前記駆動モードから他のモードへ遷移する際に、次に遷移するモードの種類に従って前記電機子巻線の電機子電流の通電を停止するタイミングを変えることを特徴とする車両用発電電動機の制御方法。
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