WO2013123884A1 - 一种粪便采集器 - Google Patents

一种粪便采集器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013123884A1
WO2013123884A1 PCT/CN2013/071737 CN2013071737W WO2013123884A1 WO 2013123884 A1 WO2013123884 A1 WO 2013123884A1 CN 2013071737 W CN2013071737 W CN 2013071737W WO 2013123884 A1 WO2013123884 A1 WO 2013123884A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
filter tube
diameter
filter
feces
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/071737
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
万志强
袁春华
夏青海
Original Assignee
万华普曼生物工程有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 万华普曼生物工程有限公司 filed Critical 万华普曼生物工程有限公司
Priority to US14/380,188 priority Critical patent/US20150182202A1/en
Publication of WO2013123884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013123884A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/0038—Devices for taking faeces samples; Faecal examination devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5023—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures with a sample being transported to, and subsequently stored in an absorbent for analysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5029—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures using swabs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/02—Adapting objects or devices to another
    • B01L2200/026—Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details
    • B01L2200/027—Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details for microfluidic devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
    • B01L2300/041—Connecting closures to device or container
    • B01L2300/044—Connecting closures to device or container pierceable, e.g. films, membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
    • B01L2300/046—Function or devices integrated in the closure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0825—Test strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0848—Specific forms of parts of containers
    • B01L2300/0851—Bottom walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5082—Test tubes per se

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a stool collector, relating to the field of medical instruments. Background technique
  • fecal testing is very important for early screening of many diseases, for example: By testing hemoglobin in feces, it is possible to screen patients for gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, stool testing has become a medical unit test. Regular items of the disease. And in order to achieve accurate inspection of feces, it is necessary to develop a feces collector which is convenient for collecting feces and enables the collected fecal samples to be leaked during transportation.
  • a fecal harvester is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,154,341, which includes an acquisition chamber, a top cover with a collection rod, and a membrane for separating the collector chamber into a sample chamber and an excess fecal chamber.
  • the filtering device at the bottom of the sampling chamber is placed, and the dripper at the bottom of the sampling chamber is placed outside the filtering device.
  • the diaphragm and the sampling chamber need to be integrally formed, and in order to prevent the liquid in the sample chamber from flowing into the excess fecal chamber, it is necessary to provide a sealing member between the diaphragm and the collecting rod.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,060,210, 448 discloses a toilet bowl, wherein the picking portion is a plastic rod, and the sample amount obtained is small.
  • the sampling port of the toilet bowl is hand-cuffed, is not easy to open, and is easy to cause a bottle during the opening process.
  • the liquid dissolved in the feces splashes, causing a lot of inconvenience to the operator.
  • the accuracy of the detection is affected.
  • the invention provides a feces collecting device, comprising: an upper cover, a collecting tube, a bottom cover and a filter tube, wherein the filter tube is a funnel-shaped hollow tube, and the filter tube is fixed to the collecting tube
  • the upper side of the inner cavity of the tube, the lower part of the upper cover forms a sampling end, and the sampling end passes through the through hole at the bottom of the filter tube, and the upper cover and the upper portion of the collecting tube are detachably coupled together, the bottom
  • the cover is detachably coupled to the lower portion of the collection tube, and a liquid is present in the chamber between the collection tube and the filter tube.
  • the filter tube comprises a filter tube body, an opening in an upper portion of the tube body, a through hole at a bottom portion of the tube body, and a flange extending outward from a top portion of the filter tube body, in the collecting tube lumen
  • the upper inner wall is provided with a pallet coupled to the flange, and the filter tube and the collecting tube are coupled to the pallet through the flange.
  • the flange is bonded to the pallet.
  • the filter tube is integrally formed.
  • the filter tube body includes a joint surface between the main pipe body and the main pipe and the through hole, and the main pipe body is a cylinder, and the outer diameter of the main pipe body is larger than the inner diameter of the collecting pipe.
  • the length of the main body is 1/2-4/5 of the length of the filter tube body.
  • the filter tube divides the collection tube into two chambers, and the cavity between the collection tube and the filter tube is a sample chamber, and the chamber in which the collection tube and the filter tube coincide is an observation chamber.
  • the length of the sample chamber is 1/2-3/4 of the length of the collection tube.
  • the upper cover includes a handle end, a sampling end, and a sampling rod connecting the two, the length of the sampling rod being greater than the total length of the filter tube.
  • the sampling end includes a threaded portion extending in the direction of the handle, and when the upper cover is combined with the upper portion of the collecting tube, the sampling end is placed in the liquid between the collecting tube and the filter tube.
  • the outer diameter of the threaded portion is equal to the diameter of the through hole.
  • the through hole is a hollow cylinder protruding away from the flange, and the through hole has a diameter smaller than a diameter of the sampling rod.
  • the collection tube includes an inlet end, an outlet end, and a tubular body therebetween.
  • the inlet end and the tubular body are both cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the inlet end is larger than the diameter of the tubular body, and the pallet is the joint between the inlet end and the tubular body.
  • the diameter of the outlet end is smaller than the diameter of the tubular body.
  • the inlet end and the handle end are threaded.
  • the inlet end includes an internal thread and the handle end includes an external thread corresponding to the internal thread.
  • the outlet end and the bottom cover are threaded.
  • the outlet end includes an external thread
  • the bottom cover includes an internal thread corresponding to the external thread.
  • the outlet end bottom portion includes an opening communicating with the outside, and the opening is sealed by a sealing film.
  • the bottom cover comprises a cylinder wall and a top wall, the top wall being located in a cross section of the cylinder wall.
  • the center of the outer surface of the top wall further includes a spiked member for piercing the bottom of the collection tube.
  • the length of the spike member is within the height of the wall surrounding the periphery of the spike member, most preferably, the inner diameter of the wall surrounding the spike member is larger than the outer diameter of the outlet end, and the spiked member The maximum diameter is 1/5-1/2 of the inner diameter of the outlet end.
  • the collecting tube and the filter tube are made of a transparent material.
  • the collection tube is mainly made of a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene or polypropylene
  • the filter tube is mainly made of a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and silica gel.
  • the present invention also provides a method of using the fecal collector of the present invention, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the lower end of the collecting tube is pierced with a spiked member on the stopper or a spiked member on the detecting machine.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a filter tube according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the combination of a collecting pipe and a filter pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing a bottom cover of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the clip with a spiked member of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the engagement of the stopper of Figure 6 and the stool collector of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a collecting tube in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention. The best way to implement the invention
  • the feces collector includes a feces collector collection tube 300, an upper cover 100 detachably coupled to the upper portion of the collection tube, and an upper side of the collection tube.
  • the filter tube 200 is a bottom cover 400 detachably coupled to the lower portion of the collection tube.
  • the filter tube 200 is a funnel-shaped hollow tube, and includes a filter tube body 201, an opening 202 at the upper portion of the tube body, a through hole 203 at the bottom of the tube body, and a flange 204 extending outwardly from the top of the filter tube.
  • the filter tube body includes the main body 205. And a connection surface 206 between the main body 205 and the through hole 203.
  • the upper part of the upper cover 100 is a handle end 101, the lower side of the handle end is used for the thread 102 which is screwed with the collecting tube 300, and the lower part of the upper cover 100 forms an elongated sampling end 103, which is connected with the handle end and the picking end.
  • the sampling end 104 of the sample end, the sampling end 103 includes a threaded portion 105 extending from the bottom of the sampling end to the end of the handle.
  • the length of the sampling rod is greater than the total length of the filter tube.
  • the collecting tube 300 comprises an inlet end 301, an outlet end 302 and a tubular body 303 connecting the inlet and outlet ends, an internal thread 304 at the inlet end, an opening 305 at the outlet end, a sealing membrane 306 sealing the opening, and a thread 307 at the outlet end.
  • the diameter of the inlet end is larger than the diameter of the tube.
  • the diameter of the body, the diameter of the outlet end is smaller than the diameter of the pipe body.
  • the bottom cover 400 includes an opening 402 that receives the collection tube outlet end 302 and a thread in the opening
  • the filter tube 200 is a hollow tube, and the opening 202 in the upper portion of the filter tube communicates with the through hole 203 at the bottom of the tube.
  • the filter tube 201 includes the main body 205 and the connection between the main body and the through hole 203. Face 206, the main body is a cylinder, and the through hole 203 is also a cylinder.
  • the filter tube 200 is a funnel-shaped hollow tube, a flange 204 extending outwardly from the top of the filter tube, and a tray attached to the flange on the inner wall of the upper portion of the collection tube lumen is provided.
  • the pallet 308 is a connection surface between the inlet end 301 and the pipe body 303, and is coupled to the pallet by the flange, and the main body 205 of the filter pipe is a cylinder, and the filter pipe main body
  • the outer diameter of the 205 is larger than the inner diameter of the collecting pipe, and the contact surface between the filter pipe and the collecting pipe is in the direction of the entire outer surface of the main pipe 205, and the main body and the collecting pipe are combined by an interference fit.
  • Sealing membrane 306 is sealed to opening 305 at the outlet end.
  • the filter tube divides the collection tube into two chambers, the chamber between the collection tube and the filter tube is a sample chamber 309, and the chamber in which the collection tube and the filter tube coincide is an observation chamber 310. A liquid 31 1 is present in the sample chamber 309.
  • the bottom cover 400 includes a barrel wall 403 and a top wall 404 located in a cross section of the barrel wall.
  • the top surface 404 outer surface 405 further includes a spike member 406 having a length less than or equal to the circumference of the spike.
  • the height of the wall of the periphery of the component, the maximum diameter of the spiked member is 1/3 of the inner diameter of the outlet end, and the inner diameter of the wall surrounding the spiked member is larger than the outer diameter of the outlet end.
  • the outlet end can extend into the cavity where the spiked member is located, and the sealing film is pierced by the spiked member, so that the liquid in the collection tube flows into the detecting device for detection.
  • the inlet end 301 of the collection tube 300 includes a thread 304 corresponding to the thread 102 on the handle of the upper cover.
  • the upper cover The thread 102 is combined with the thread 304 of the inlet end of the collection tube, At this time, the sampling rod 104 is combined with the inner surface of the through hole 203. Since the inner diameter of the through hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling rod, the sampling rod and the through hole are interference fit.
  • the flange 204 of the filter tube is combined with the holder 308 of the collection tube, and the filter tube and the collection tube are combined. At this time, the flange 204 can function as a sealing jaw between the inlet end and the handle.
  • the outer diameter of the filter tube main 205 is larger than the inner diameter of the collecting tube body 303, so the filter tube and the collecting tube are interference fit. Therefore, the liquid 31 1 can be confined within the sample chamber 309 without leaking from the interface of the main pipe 205 and the collecting pipe 303, and does not leak into the observation chamber 310 from the joint interface between the sampling rod and the through hole.
  • the outer diameter of the threaded portion 105 of the sampling end 103 of the upper cover 100 is the same as the diameter of the through hole.
  • the purpose is that the feces collected by the sampling end 103 are concentrated on the threaded portion 105, and the sampling end 103 is inserted into the through hole 203 of the filter tube 200.
  • the feces enriched in the outer diameter of the thread is trapped on the joint surface 206 of the filter tube 200, the feces between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the thread enter the sample chamber 309 through the through hole 203, and are dissolved in the liquid 31 1 , thereby The stool dissolved in the liquid 31 1 can be quantitatively measured.
  • the outlet end of the collection tube includes an external thread 307, and the bottom cover includes an internal thread 401 corresponding to the external thread, the bottom cover being threadedly coupled to the outlet end of the collection tube.
  • the sampling end 103 is fully inserted into the sample chamber 309, the upper cover 100 is tightened, and the liquid 31 1 of the faecal solution between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the bottle in the sample chamber 309 is shaken. Finally, the bottom cover 400 is unscrewed, the bottom cover is turned over, the spike member 406 is exposed, and the outlet end 302 of the collecting tube is inserted into the cavity surrounded by the spike member, the cylinder wall 403 and the top wall 404, and the spike member is used to puncture. The sealing film 306 is broken, the collecting tube is vertically downward, and the liquid in the sample chamber flows out from the puncture port for detection.
  • the feces collector of the present invention can also be used for machine inspection.
  • the bottom cover 400 of the feces collector in which the feces are dissolved in the liquid 31 1 is first unscrewed, and then the feces collector is placed in the inspection machine.
  • a test plug 500 with a spiked member is placed on the detector rack of the detector, as shown in FIG.
  • the spiky portion 501 of the jam punctures the sealing film 306 of the feces collector, as shown in Fig. 7, so that the liquid in the sample chamber drops directly from the puncture port.
  • the drop hole 502 of the jam is detected.
  • the feces collector can also be placed on the rack of the detector, and then the sealing film 306 of the feces collector is pierced by the spiked parts on the machine, so that the liquid in the sample chamber is directly dripped from the puncture port. The drop hole 502 of the jam is detected.
  • Example 2
  • this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the outlet end 302 of the collecting tube of the present invention does not include the opening 305 nor the sealing film 306.
  • the outlet end 302 of the collection tube is closed and integrally formed with the collection tube, and the thickness of the tube wall 312 at the outlet end is less than the thickness of the tube wall 313 of the collection tube.
  • the spike member 406 of the bottom cover 400 can pierce the tube wall 312 at the outlet end.
  • the toilet bowl provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the structure is simple, easy to carry, suitable for sample collection in different places;
  • the stool specimen can be observed with the naked eye, and a preliminary diagnosis can be made according to the color and shape of the stool.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

一种粪便采集器，包括：上盖（100）、收集管（300）、底盖（400）和过滤管（200），该过滤管（200）固定于收集管（300）的管腔内部上侧，上盖（100）下部形成采样端（103），通过采样端（103）穿过过滤管（200）底部的通孔（203），上盖（100）与收集管（300）的上部可拆卸地结合在一起，底盖（400）与收集管（300）的下部可拆卸地结合在一起，在收集管（300）和过滤管（200）之间的腔体内呈有液体。

Description

一种粪便采集器 相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求 2012年 2月 24日提交的中国专利申请 201210045214.1 的优先权， 该申请引入本文作为参考。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种粪便采集器， 涉及医疗器械领域。 背景技术
由于粪便检测对于很多疾病的早期筛查有很重要的意义， 比如： 通过检验粪便中的血红蛋白可以筛查出患者是否患有消化道出血的疾 病， 因此， 粪便检测已经成为 ^艮多医疗单位检测疾病的常规项目。 并 且为了实现精确检验粪便的目的， 需要开发一种粪便采集器， 该采集 器具有方便采集粪便， 并且能够使得采集到的粪便样品在运输过程中 不会出现泄露。
在美国专利 US5514341 中公开了一种粪便采集器， 该粪便采集器 包括采集腔体、 带有采集棒的顶盖、 隔膜， 该隔膜用于将采集器腔体 分隔为样品腔和多余粪便腔， 采集腔体底部的过滤装置， 置于过滤装 置外的在采样腔底部的的滴头。 然而， 这种粪便采集器在制备过程中 隔膜和采样腔需要一体成型， 并且为了防止样品腔内的液体流入到多 余粪便腔， 需要在隔膜和采集棒之间设置密封元件。
美国专利 20060210448 , 公开了一种采便器， 其中采便部分为一塑 料棒， 取得的样品量少， 该采便器的出样口为手掰式， 不易掰开且在 掰开过程中易造成瓶内溶于液体的粪便喷溅， 给操作者带来很多的不 便。 此外， 由于粪便在喷溅过程中的损耗， 影响检测的准确性。
因此，需要开发一种粪便采集器，该粪便采集器不仅方便采集粪便， 同时该粪便采集器制作方法筒单， 该粪便采集器既可以用于机器检测 粪便， 也可以用于人工检验粪便的目的。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种粪便采集器， 该粪便采集器结构筒单， 易于制造， 不仅适用于机器检验粪便， 也适用于人工检验粪便。
本发明提供了一种粪便采集器， 该粪便采集器包括： 上盖、 收集 管、 底盖和过滤管， 所述的过滤管为漏斗状的中空管， 该过滤管固定 于所述收集管的管腔内部上侧， 所述的上盖下部形成采样端， 通过采 样端穿过过滤管底部的通孔， 所述的上盖与收集管的上部可拆卸地结 合在一起， 所述的底盖与收集管的下部可拆卸地结合在一起， 在所述 的收集管和过滤管之间的腔体内呈有液体。
根据本发明的一个方面， 所述的过滤管包括过滤管体、 管体上部 的开口、 管体底部的通孔、 由过滤管体顶部向外延伸的凸缘， 在所述 的收集管管腔上部内壁设有与所述凸缘相结合的托台， 所述的过滤管 与所述收集管通过所述的凸缘与所述的托台结合在一起。
优选地， 所述的凸缘与所述的托台粘结在一起。
根据本发明的一个方面， 所述的过滤管一体成型。
根据本发明的一个方面， 所述的过滤管体包括主管体和主管体与 通孔之间的连接面， 并且所述的主管体为圓柱体， 主管体的外径大于 收集管的内径。
优选地， 所述的主管体的长度为过滤管体长度的 1/2-4/5。
优选地， 所述的过滤管将所述收集管分为两个腔体， 收集管与过 滤管之间的腔体为样品腔， 收集管与过滤管相重合的腔体为观测腔。
更优选地， 所述的样品腔的长度为收集管长度的 1/2-3/4。
根据本发明的一个方面， 所述的上盖包括手柄端、 采样端和连接 两者的采样杆， 采样杆的长度大于过滤管的总长度。
优选地， 所述的采样端包括向手柄方向延伸的螺纹部分， 并且当 上盖与收集管的上部相结合时， 所述的采样端置于收集管和过滤管之 间的液体内。
更优选地， 所述的螺纹部分的外径等于通孔的直径。
根据本发明的一个方面， 所述的通孔为向远离凸缘方向突出的中 空圓柱体， 并且所述通孔直径小于采样杆的直径。 根据本发明的一个方面， 所述的收集管包括入口端、 出口端和两 者之间的管体。
更优选地， 所述的入口端和管体均呈圓柱体。
再优选地， 所述入口端的直径大于管体的直径， 并且所述的托台 为入口端和管体之间的连接面。
最优选的地， 所述出口端的直径小于管体的直径。
根据本发明的一个方面， 其中所述的入口端和手柄端螺纹连接。 优选地， 所述入口端包括内螺纹， 所述手柄端包括与该内螺纹相 对应的外螺纹。
根据本发明的一个方面， 其中所述的出口端和底盖螺纹连接。 优选地， 所述的出口端包括外螺纹， 所述的底盖包括与该外螺纹 相对应的内螺纹。
更优选地， 所述的出口端底部包括与外部相通的开口， 并且该开 口通过密封膜进行密封。
根据本发明的一个方面， 其中所述的底盖包括筒壁和顶壁， 顶壁 位于筒壁的横截面。
优选地， 在所述顶壁外表面的中心还包括用于刺破收集管底部的 尖刺部件。
更优选地， 所述尖刺部件的长度在围绕于该尖刺部件外周的筒壁 高度以内， 最优选地， 围绕该尖刺部件的筒壁的内径大于出口端的外 径， 并且尖刺部件的最大直径为出口端内径的 1/5- 1/2。
根据本发明的一个方面， 所述的收集管和过滤管由透明材料制成。 优选地， 所述的收集管主要由选自聚乙烯或聚丙烯的材料制成， 所述的过滤管主要由选自聚乙烯、 聚丙烯和硅胶中的一种材料制成。
本发明还提供了一种使用本发明粪便采集器的方法， 该方法包括 以下步骤：
a. 去除收集管下部的底盖；
b. 将收集管的下端部刺破， 并使收集管内的液体滴到检测卡塞上 进行检测。 优选地， 在所述的步骤 b 中， 用卡塞上的尖刺部件或者检测机器 上的尖刺部件刺破收集管的下端部。 附图说明
以下， 结合附图来详细说明本发明的实施方案， 其中：
图 1为本发明第一种实施例的分解图。
图 2为本发明第一种实施方式过滤管的剖视图。
图 3 为本发明第一种实施方式收集管和过滤管结合在一起的剖视 图。
图 4为本发明第一种实施方式底盖的立体剖视图。
图 5为本发明第一种实施方式装配图的剖视图。
图 6为本发明带有尖刺部件卡塞的立体视图。
图 7为本发明图 6卡塞和粪便采集器相配合的剖视图。
图 8为本发明第二种实施方式的分解图。
图 9为本发明第二种实施方式收集管的剖视图。 实施发明的最佳方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述， 给出的实施 例仅为了阐明本发明， 而不是为了限制本发明的范围。 实施例 1
图 1 表示本发明第一种粪便采集器的分解图， 如图所示， 粪便采 集器包括粪便采集器收集管 300、可拆卸结合于收集管上部的上盖 100、 固定于收集管内部上侧的过滤管 200、与收集管下部可拆卸结合的底盖 400。
过滤管 200为漏斗状的中空管， 包括过滤管体 201、 管体上部的开 口 202、 管体底部的通孔 203、 过滤管顶部向外延伸的凸缘 204 , 过滤 管体包括主管体 205和主管体 205与通孔 203之间的连接面 206。
上盖 100的上部为手柄端 101 ,手柄端下侧用于和收集管 300螺合 的螺纹 102 , 上盖 100的下部形成细长的采样端 103 , 连接手柄端和采 样端的采样杆 104 ,采样端 103包括从采样端底部向手柄端延伸的螺纹 部分 105。 采样杆的长度大于过滤管的总长度。
收集管 300包括入口端 301、 出口端 302和连接入口端和出口端的 管体 303、 入口端的内螺纹 304、 出口端的开口 305、 密封开口的密封 膜 306、 出口端的螺纹 307 , 入口端的直径大于管体的直径， 出口端的 直径小于管体的直径。
底盖 400 包括容纳收集管出口端 302的开口 402和开口内的螺纹
401。
如图 2所示， 过滤管 200为中空管， 过滤管体上部的开口 202与 管底部的通孔 203相连通， 过滤管体 201 包括主管体 205和主管体与 通孔 203之间的连接面 206 , 主管体为圓柱体， 通孔 203也为圓柱体。
如图 3所示， 过滤管 200为漏斗状的中空管， 过滤管顶部向外延 伸的凸缘 204 ,在所述的收集管管腔上部内壁设有与所述凸缘相结合的 托台 308 , 该托台 308为入口端 301和管体 303之间的连接面， 通过所 述的凸缘与所述的托台结合在一起， 过滤管的主管体 205 为圓柱体， 过滤管主管体 205 的外径大于收集管的内径， 过滤管和收集管之间的 接触面为主管体 205 的整个外表面方向， 主管体和收集管之间通过过 盈配合相结合。 密封膜 306密封于出口端的开口 305。 过滤管将收集管 分为两个腔体， 收集管与过滤管之间的腔体为样品腔 309 , 收集管与过 滤管相重合的腔体为观测腔 310。 在样品腔体 309内呈有液体 31 1。
如图 4所示，底盖 400包括筒壁 403和位于筒壁横截面的顶壁 404 , 顶壁 404外表面 405还包括尖刺部件 406 ,尖刺部件的长度小于或者等 于围绕于该尖刺部件外周的筒壁高度， 尖刺部件的最大直径为出口端 内径的 1/3 , 围绕尖刺部件的筒壁的内径大于出口端的外径。 因此当将 底盖从出口端拧开， 翻转底盖， 出口端可以伸入到尖刺部件所在的腔 体内， 并由尖刺部件将密封膜刺破， 从而收集管内的液体流入检测设 备进行检测。
如图 5所示， 收集管 300的入口端 301 包括螺纹 304、 该螺纹与上 盖手柄上的螺纹 102相对应， 当采样端 103穿过过滤管底部的通孔 203 时， 所述的上盖的螺纹 102与收集管的入口端的螺纹 304结合在一起， 此时采样杆 104与通孔 203 的内表面相结合， 由于通孔内径小于采样 杆的外径， 所以采样杆和通孔过盈配合。
通过过滤管的凸缘 204与所述的收集管的托台 308结合在一起， 过滤管和收集管结合在一起。 此时， 凸缘 204 可以起到入口端和手柄 之间的密封圏的作用。
过滤管主管 205 的外径大于收集管管体 303 的内径， 因此过滤管 和收集管过盈配合。 所以液体 31 1 能够限定在样品腔 309 内， 不会从 主管 205与收集管 303 的相结合界面泄露， 也不会从采样杆和通孔之 间的结合界面泄露到观测腔 310内。
上盖 100采样端 103的螺纹部分 105的外径和通孔的直径相同， 其目的是由于采样端 103采集到的粪便集中在螺纹部分 105 , 当将采样 端 103插入过滤管 200的通孔 203时， 富集在螺纹外径的粪便被截留 到过滤管 200的连接面 206上， 螺纹外径和内径之间的粪便通过通孔 203进入到样品腔 309内， 溶解于液体 31 1 中， 从而能够定量测定溶解 于液体 31 1 内的粪便。
收集管的出口端包括外螺纹 307 ,所述的底盖包括与该外螺纹相对 应的内螺纹 401 , 底盖与收集管的出口端螺纹连接到一起。
在取便样时首先拧开上盖 100 , 手持手柄 101 , 用上盖 100带有的 采样端 103插入便样， 采样端的螺纹部分 105 内充满粪便样品， 将充 满样品的取样端 105插入过滤管 200的通孔 203 , 由于螺纹的外径和通 孔的内径相等， 所以， 多余的便样被保留在过滤管的连接面 206 上， 通过透明的观测腔， 可以观测到多余粪便的性状。 当样品腔 309 内的 液体体积为确定值时， 因为螺纹内的粪便量也为确定值， 所以可以对 粪便内的待检验物质进行定量研究。
将采样端 103完全插入到样品腔 309内，拧紧上盖 100 ,晃动瓶体， 螺纹外径和内径之间的粪便溶液于样品腔 309内的液体 31 1。 最后， 拧 开底盖 400 , 将底盖翻转， 露出尖刺部件 406 , 将收集管的出口端 302 伸入尖刺部件、 筒壁 403和顶壁 404 围成的腔体内， 用尖刺部件刺破 密封膜 306 , 将收集管竖直向下， 样品腔内的液体从刺破口内流出， 进 行检测。 本发明的粪便采集器也可以用于机器检验， 在机器检验的过程中， 首先将液体 31 1 中溶解有粪便的粪便采集器的底盖 400旋开，然后将该 粪便采集器置于检测机的机架上，然后在检测器的检测板架上放置带有 尖刺部件的检测卡塞 500 , 该卡塞如图 6所示。 通过机架上的粪便采集 器靠近卡塞 500 ,卡塞的尖刺部 501件将粪便采集器的密封膜 306刺破， 如图 7所示， 从而样品腔的液体从刺破口直接滴到卡塞的滴孔 502上， 进行检测。
在机器检测中， 也可以将粪便采集器置于检测机的机架上， 然后通 过机器上的尖刺部件刺破粪便采集器的密封膜 306 , 从而样品腔的液体 从刺破口直接滴到卡塞的滴孔 502上， 进行检测。 实施例 2
如图 8所示， 本实施例与实施例 1基本相同， 不同的地方是本发 明中的收集管的出口端 302不包括开口 305 , 也不包括密封膜 306。
参见图 9 , 本实施例中， 收集管的出口端 302是封闭的， 并与收集 管一体成型， 并且出口端的管壁 312厚度小于收集管的管壁 313厚度。 从而， 底盖 400的尖刺部件 406能够刺破出口端的管壁 312。
综上， 本发明内容提供的采便器与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
1.密封结构， 无泄漏， 无异味溢出， 安全卫生；
2.结构筒单， 携带方便， 适合不同场所样品采集；
3.用于定量检验粪便中的待测物质。
4.可用于机器和人工检验。
5. 从观测腔可以用肉眼观察粪便标本， 根据便样颜色、 形状等可 做出初步诊断。
虽然已经参照附图详细描述了本发明的示例性实施例， 但是本领 域的技术人员应该理解， 在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下， 可 以对这些实施例作出形式和细节上的改变。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种粪便采集器， 该粪便采集器包括： 上盖、 收集管、 底盖和过 滤管， 所述的过滤管为漏斗状的中空管， 该过滤管固定于所述收集管的 管腔内部上侧， 所述的上盖下部形成采样端， 通过采样端穿过过滤管底 部的通孔， 所述的上盖与收集管的上部可拆卸地结合在一起， 所述的底 盖与收集管的下部可拆卸地结合在一起， 在所述的收集管和过滤管之间 的腔体内呈有液体。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的粪便采集器， 其中， 所述的过滤管包括过 滤管体、 管体上部的开口、 管体底部的通孔、 由过滤管体顶部向外延伸 的凸缘， 在所述的收集管管腔上部内壁设有与所述凸缘相结合的托台， 所述的过滤管与所述收集管通过所述的凸缘与所述的托台结合在一起， 优选地， 所述的凸缘与所述的托台粘结在一起； 更优选地， 所述的过滤 管一体成型。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的粪便采集器， 其中， 所述的过滤管管 体包括主管体和主管体与通孔之间的连接面， 并且所述的主管体为圓柱 体， 主管体的外径大于收集管的内径， 优选地， 所述的主管体的长度为 过滤管体长度的 1/2-4/5 , 更优选地， 所述的过滤管将所述收集管分为两 个腔体， 收集管与过滤管之间的腔体为样品腔， 收集管与过滤管相重合 的腔体为观测腔， 最优选地， 所述的样品腔的长度为收集管长度的 1/2-3/4。
4. 根据权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的粪便采集器， 其中所述的上盖 包括手柄端、 采样端和连接两者的采样杆， 采样杆的长度大于过滤管的 总长度； 优选地， 所述的采样端包括向手柄端方向延伸的螺纹部分， 并 且当上盖与收集管的上部相结合时， 所述的采样端置于收集管和过滤管 之间的液体内， 更优选地， 所述的螺纹部分的外径等于通孔的直径。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的粪便采集器， 其中， 所述的通孔为向远离 凸缘方向突出的中空圓柱体， 并且所述通孔直径小于采样杆的直径。
6. 根据权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的粪便采集器， 其中所述的收集 管包括入口端、 出口端和两者之间的管体， 优选地， 所述的入口端和管 体均呈圓柱体， 所述入口端的直径大于管体的直径， 并且所述的托台为 入口端和管体之间的连接面， 最优选地， 所述出口端的直径小于管体的 直径。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的粪便采集器， 其中所述的入口端和手柄端 螺纹连接， 优选地， 所述入口端包括内螺纹， 所述手柄端包括与该内螺 乡文相对应的外螺乡文。
8. 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的粪便采集器， 其中所述的出口端和底 盖螺纹连接， 优选地， 所述的出口端包括外螺纹， 所述的底盖包括与该 外螺纹相对应的内螺纹， 更优选地， 所述的出口端底部包括与外部相通 的开口， 并且该开口通过密封膜进行密封。
9. 根据权利要求 1-8中任一项所述的粪便采集器， 其中所述的底盖 包括筒壁和顶壁， 顶壁位于筒壁的横截面， 优选地， 在所述顶壁外表面 的中心还包括用于刺破收集管底部的尖刺部件， 更优选地， 所述尖刺部 件的长度在围绕于该尖刺部件外周的筒壁高度以内， 最优选地， 围绕该 尖刺部件的筒壁的内径大于出口端的外径， 并且尖刺部件的最大直径为 出口端内径的 1/5-1/2。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的粪便采集器， 其中所述的收集管和过滤 管由透明材料制成， 优选地， 所述的收集管主要由选自聚乙烯或聚丙烯 的材料制成， 所述的过滤管主要由选自聚乙烯、 聚丙烯和硅胶中的一种 的材料制成。
11. 一种使用权利要求 1-10中任一项所述粪便采集器的方法， 该方 法包括以下步骤：
a. 去除收集管下部的底盖；
b. 将收集管的下端部刺破， 并使收集管内的液体滴到检测卡塞上进 行检测， 优选地， 在所述的步骤 b中， 用卡塞上的尖刺部件或者检测机 器上的尖刺部件刺破收集管的下端部。
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