Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
  • C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
  • C01F11/46—Sulfates
  • C01F11/468—Purification of calcium sulfates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
  • B04C5/18—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with auxiliary fluid assisting discharge
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
  • B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
  • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
  • B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
  • B04C5/26—Multiple arrangement thereof for series flow
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B11/00—Calcium sulfate cements
  • C04B11/26—Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke
  • C04B11/262—Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke waste gypsum other than phosphogypsum
  • C04B11/264—Gypsum from the desulfurisation of flue gases

Definitions

• the subject of this invention is a method for obtaining gypsum by means of a
• Gypsum suspension which also contains fines such as activated carbon particles or residual carbonate, in the scrubber of the wet flue gas scrubbing obtained and wherein the gypsum-containing suspension thickened by at least one hydrocyclone and the thickened gypsum suspension is discharged through the lower reaches of the hydrocyclone.
• Flue gas desulphurisation is a process for removing sulfur compounds from the exhaust gases of e.g.
• the sulfur compounds are formed by the burning of sulfur-containing mostly fossil fuels.
• the flue gas desulphurisation plants are equipped with REA
• Flue gas desulphurisation plant can also be used for the extraction of gypsum (REA gypsum). This kind of
• Gypsum extraction has long been state of the art.
• Washing suspension (gypsum suspension) is thickened according to the state of the art by means of hydrocyclones and
• Plant circuits is the case.
• soot and residual carbonate which can be introduced via the absorbent, or also via fly ash, are regarded as impurities. Common is this
• Impurities that they are usually something fine-grained, as the formed gypsum Impurities that they are usually something fine-grained, as the formed gypsum.
• Stabilize for example, TMT15, see also EP2033702A1
• TMT15 this is deposited in particular on the fine and ultrafine fraction.
• a targeted separation is with a
• Centrifugal cleaning unit (hydrocyclone, spinner) not possible.
• a hydrocyclone usually consists of one
• the vortex finder or the top jet nozzle protrudes in the form of a dip tube axially from above into the interior of the cyclone.
• Overflow nozzle is discharged.
• the aim is the separation of the specific heavier fraction (eg solid) on the wall of the cyclone and thus the discharge through the
• Underflow nozzle while the specific lighter fraction escapes through the upper nozzle.
• the thickened stream referred to below, is called the underflow, and the upwardly discharged, strongly freed stream is called overflow or overflow.
• Hydrocyclones are described by the interaction of centrifugal and flow forces. While the centrifugal force acts more strongly on large particles with high density (coarse particles) and these are thus deposited outward to the cyclone wall, is due to their higher
• the specific surface the force of flow on the particles (resistance) of paramount importance.
• the specific heavier coarse fraction accumulates in the lower reaches, the fine-grained and / or light fraction is withdrawn in the upper reaches.
• Fines fraction thus usually corresponds only to the
• the depletion can be specific (by displacing the continuous phase or introducing a
• a depletion of the fines fraction in the underflow can most easily by a simple intermediate dilution
• Forming a barrier water layer is added in the inlet region or in the conical part of the hydrocyclone.
• the sealing water flow surrounds the gypsum suspension in an annular manner.
• the fines or the fine grain are thus depleted in the underflow, based on the volume-related concentration in the inlet.
• Gypsum suspension by a cylindrical segment or in the Cone area arranged cylindrical or conical
• Gypsum suspension in the hydrocyclone be continued together as soon as the barrier water flow
• Gypsum suspension flow have formed substantially stable (only more subordinate mixing).
• the water is fed tangentially to the hydrocyclone.
• Hydrocyclones is thickened, wherein the hydrocyclones via its own feed water is supplied, so that it comes to a Feinstoffabreichêt in the underflow, based on the inlet to the first stage.
• Multi-stage versions is also a dilution
• Fig. 1 is a schematic process diagram for a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic process diagram for a further embodiment of the method according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a hydrocyclone suitable for the process according to the invention
• FIG. 1 shows a possible process scheme for the process according to the invention for obtaining gypsum.
• the gypsum suspension 6 falls in a conventional manner in the scrubber 17 a flue gas desulfurization (REA).
• the gypsum suspension 6 is thickened with the aid of a hydrocyclone 1.
• the gypsum suspension 6 is fed to the hydrocyclone 1 via a tangential inlet 4.
• the hydrocyclone 1 consists of a cylindrical
• Inlet area 2 and a cone area 3.
• thickened gypsum suspension 6 is removed via the underflow 11 of the hydrocyclone.
• the specific lighter fraction mainly water but also fines, is discharged as upper reaches 12.
• the upper reaches 12 is then a
• Overflow 21 is usually one
• Wastewater treatment plant supplied.
• the thickened gypsum suspension 6 from the underflow 11 is fed to further dewatering units or drying units, such as a belt dryer 19.
• the hydrocyclone 1 water (5, 15) is supplied. It can work to supply a supply of a barrier water flow 5 in the inlet region 2 of the hydrocyclone 1 act (see Fig. 3) or else to a supply of dilution water 15 in the cone region 3 and in the region of the lower run 11 (see Fig. 4).
• the fines may be, for example
• Activated carbon particles which are frequently loaded with mercury, act as well as residual carbonate particles, inerts or fly ash.
• Figure 2 are for thickening of the gypsum suspension 6 two
• the underflow 11 from the first hydrocyclone 1 forms the inlet to the second hydrocyclone 1 '.
• the second hydrocyclone 1 ' also has a cylindrical inlet region 2', a cone region 3 'and also a water supply 5' and / or 15 '.
• the thickened gypsum suspension 6 from the lower run 11 'of the second hydrocyclone 1' is then a
• the upper run 12 'of the second hydrocyclone 1' can be connected to the upper run 21 of the
• Wastewater cyclones 18 are united. Between the two
• Figure 3 is an example of an embodiment of a hydrocyclone 1 or 1 ', which is for the inventive
• Method is suitable, shown. It consists of a cylindrical inlet area 2 and one of them
• the conical suspension 6 is fed to the hydrocyclone 1 via the tangential inlet 4.
• the conical region 3 has an underflow nozzle 8 for removing the underflow 11, that is to say the thickened plaster suspension 6.
• Immersion tube protrudes axially into the interior of the hydrocyclone 1, the specific lighter fraction, so the upper reaches 12, can be removed.
• the hydrocyclone 1 also has a further inlet for a sealing water flow 5, which here also tangential to the cylindrical
• Segment 2 is supplied. In FIG. 3 it runs parallel to the tangential inlet 4 and is therefore concealed by it.
• the barrier water layer 7 and the gypsum suspension 6 are fed to the hydrocyclone 1 separately and separated from each other by the blade 10.
• the lamella 10 is, for example, a cylindrical,
• Water barrier layer 7 meets at the lower end 13 of the blade 10 with the actual gypsum suspension 6 together.
• Mouth opening 14 of the upper nozzle 9 ends here
• the flow arrows indicate that the barrier water flow 7 and the gypsum suspension 6 mix as little as possible with one another.
• the sealing water flow 7 thus forms a barrier water layer 7 towards the wall of the cone-shaped segment 3.
• FIG. 4 shows another hydrocyclone 1 or 1 '.
• Hydrocyclone 1 has a cylindrical inlet region 2, a cone region 3, an underflow nozzle 8 for discharging the underflow 11 and an overflow nozzle 9 for discharging the
• the water distributor 16 comprises, for example, a multiplicity of bores which open annularly into the cone region 3 or into the region of the underflow nozzle 8, and thus the dilution water 15 uniformly distributed over the outer wall of the hydrocyclone 1 in the gypsum suspension 6 mix.
• the embodiments shown in the drawings represent only a preferred embodiment of the invention.
• the invention also includes other embodiments in which, for example, a plurality of further inlets for the sealing water 5, 5 'or for the dilution water 15, 15' are provided.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
• Cyclones (AREA)
• Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (5)

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• 2012
  • 2012-02-10 AT ATA176/2012A patent/AT512479B1/de active
• 2013
  • 2013-02-08 PL PL13707545T patent/PL2812122T3/pl unknown
  • 2013-02-08 IN IN7523DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN07523A/en unknown
  • 2013-02-08 AR ARP130100399 patent/AR089942A1/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2013-02-08 CN CN201380008427.XA patent/CN104093495B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-02-08 KR KR1020147025164A patent/KR101688712B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-02-08 WO PCT/EP2013/000379 patent/WO2013117341A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2013-02-08 AU AU2013218343A patent/AU2013218343C1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2013-02-08 US US14/377,743 patent/US9139449B2/en active Active
  • 2013-02-08 CA CA2863996A patent/CA2863996C/en active Active
  • 2013-02-08 RU RU2014132205/05A patent/RU2592593C2/ru active
  • 2013-02-08 EP EP13707545.3A patent/EP2812122B1/de active Active
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  • 2013-02-08 JP JP2014555977A patent/JP2015513446A/ja active Pending
• 2014
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