WO2013105264A1 - リスク測定システム - Google Patents
リスク測定システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013105264A1 WO2013105264A1 PCT/JP2012/050587 JP2012050587W WO2013105264A1 WO 2013105264 A1 WO2013105264 A1 WO 2013105264A1 JP 2012050587 W JP2012050587 W JP 2012050587W WO 2013105264 A1 WO2013105264 A1 WO 2013105264A1
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- Prior art keywords
- risk
- mechanical device
- worker
- distance
- measurement system
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0635—Risk analysis of enterprise or organisation activities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/06—Safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1674—Programme controls characterised by safety, monitoring, diagnostic
- B25J9/1676—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
- F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
- F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
- F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
- F16P3/144—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using light grids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
- F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
- F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
- F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
- F16P3/147—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using electro-magnetic technology, e.g. tags or radar
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a risk measurement system that monitors the safety of a machine installed in a factory or the like.
- Patent Document 1 a technique for reassessing the risk based on the response time of the actual network is disclosed for a safety PLC using a safety network.
- the objective is to re-evaluate the safety distance between the machine, the safety sensor, and the switch based on the response time, on the assumption that the actual response time of the safety network varies depending on the use situation. It also enables risk visualization and preventive measures.
- the prior art reassesses the risk of the machine from the state of the safety system including the safety network
- the reassessment is for the machine and does not consider the worker near the machine.
- the risk increases when the worker approaches the machine or the hazardous area rather than using the safety network. Therefore, not only the state of the machine and the safety device but also the approach of the worker or the position of the worker should be used for risk assessment.
- a warning state that may cause an emergency stop because the worker is approaching before the safety sensor of the prior art operates. It is also possible to warn. Furthermore, from this monitoring record, it can also be used to confirm the planning of Occupational Safety and Health Management (OHSAS 18001), such as “Next year, the attention state will be reduced by 30% to 40 hours per year”.
- OCSAS 18001 Occupational Safety and Health Management
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to measure a positional relationship between a machine operating state and a worker, and to monitor a current worker's risk in real time. Furthermore, it aims at obtaining the risk measurement system which makes the response of occupational safety and health management easy by recording and visualizing the risk continuously.
- the present invention provides a measuring means for obtaining a distance between a mechanical device and an operator, a control device for controlling the mechanical device, a display device, and damage caused by risk.
- a risk table database having a risk table indicating a risk value depending on the size, frequency of access to the machine device according to the operation mode, and risk avoidance, the avoidance obtained based on the distance, and the control device
- the risk value is obtained based on the access frequency obtained from the operation mode of the mechanical device acquired from the risk table, and the temporal change of the risk value is recorded and displayed on the display device
- a risk measuring device that performs the above-described process.
- the risk measurement device can measure and monitor the safety index of the machine equipment in use in real time, it is possible to take quick safety measures.
- these data can be used for confirmation and correction of occupational safety and health plans, and it is easy to handle occupational safety and health management.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a risk measurement system according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a risk table in the “maintenance mode” according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the risk measurement system according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of the risk measurement system according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the risk table in the “maintenance mode” according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a risk measurement system 100 according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- a risk measurement system 100 is connected to a worker 11, a mechanical device 12 such as a robot, a control device 13 that controls the mechanical device 12, a sensor 14 that senses the mechanical device 12 and the worker 11, and a sensor 14.
- the risk measurement device 16 connected to the sensor signal processing device 15, the control device 13, and the sensor signal processing device 15, the risk table database 17 holding the risk table as the risk assessment result of the mechanical device 12, and the risk measurement device 16 A connected display 18 is provided.
- the risk table database 17 is connected to the risk measurement device 16.
- the sensor 14 measures the positional relationship between the worker 11 and the mechanical device 12, and the signal processing device 15 connected to the sensor 14 calculates the current distance D between the worker 11 and the mechanical device 12.
- the risk measuring device 16 acquires the current operation mode of the mechanical device 12 from the control device 13, and acquires from the database 17 a risk table of the current operation mode related to the mechanical device 12 that is the danger source monitored by the sensor 14. .
- the access frequency (F ′) under the operation mode and risk avoidance (P ′) for each distance D between the worker 11 and the machine device 12 are written at the time of risk assessment. Then, the risk table is examined based on the current access frequency (F ′) and risk avoidance (P ′), and the current risk against the risk of collision between the worker 11 and the machine 12 by the machine 12 that is the danger source. Determine the risk value.
- a risk source hidden in the mechanical device 12 is specified, and the magnitude of damage (S), access frequency (F), and risk Using the avoidance (P) as a parameter, the risk value of the hazard source is obtained from a given risk table.
- the risk assessment is performed so as to cover all the operation modes of the mechanical device 12, for example, the automatic operation mode and the maintenance mode. For example, assume that the mechanical device 12 is in the maintenance mode.
- S the magnitude of damage due to risk
- F is not the access frequency in the entire life cycle of the mechanical device 12 but the access frequency to the mechanical device 12 which is a dangerous place in the operation mode.
- P risk avoidance
- P risk avoidance depends on the distance D between the mechanical device 12 and the worker 11, and when the distance D is short, the avoidance becomes low. Therefore, by measuring the operation mode of the mechanical device 12 and the distance D between the mechanical device 12 and the worker 11, the current risk value can be obtained with reference to the result at the time of risk assessment.
- the risk measurement device 16 continuously records this risk value in a storage device (not shown).
- the display 18 displays the current risk value or time series of the mechanical device 12 based on the record stored in the storage device by the risk measurement device 16. As a result, it is possible to monitor the current risk value of the mechanical device 12 and check the past history. That is, the risk of the mechanical device 12 can be monitored and recorded in real time.
- the risk table in FIG. 2 includes parameters of S (magnitude of damage due to risk), F (access frequency in the operation mode), and P (risk avoidance).
- the risk measurement device 16 obtains the current operation mode of the mechanical device 12 from the control device 13 and selects a risk table for the operation mode.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where the maintenance mode risk table is selected.
- S the magnitude of damage due to risk
- F the access frequency in the operation mode
- F is the access frequency to the machine apparatus 12 which is a dangerous place in the operation mode as described above.
- the value of P (risk avoidance) in the risk table (“unavoidable”, “avoidable”, or “avoidable certainty”) is determined, and the current value is determined from the risk table.
- the risk value has a value such as 90, but can be defined using a 4-level index, a 10-level index, a number such as 0 to 100, or a level.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the risk measurement system 200 according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the risk measurement system 200 includes a laser distance sensor 34 instead of the sensor 14 in FIG.
- the configuration of other parts of the risk measurement system 200 is the same as that in FIG.
- the worker 11 uses a reflection of a laser or a radar instead of an image by the sensor 14 used in the first embodiment.
- the position of each of the mechanical devices 12 is measured.
- the sensor signal processing device 15 obtains the distance D between the worker 11 and the mechanical device 12 as in the first embodiment. Thereafter, the procedure for obtaining the risk value is the same as in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a risk measurement system 300 according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- RF-ID Radio Frequency IDentification
- FIG. 4 for an operator 11, transmission devices 41 and 42 such as RF-ID are attached to the tip of a sleeve and a cap and the working part of the machine device 12, and an antenna (antenna sensor) 44 transmits the radio wave.
- the sensor signal processing device 15 received and connected to the antenna 44 obtains the distance D between the worker 11 and the mechanical device 12.
- the configuration of other parts of the risk measurement system 300 is the same as that shown in FIGS.
- the procedure for obtaining the risk value after obtaining the distance D is the same as in the first and second embodiments.
- an antenna may be attached to the tip of the worker 11 and the tip of the working part of the machine device 12.
- Embodiment 4 FIG.
- the control device 13 sends the operating speed of the mechanical device 12 to the risk measurement device 16.
- the risk measuring device 16 determines risk avoidance (P) from the distance D between the worker 11 and the mechanical device 12 and the operating speed of the mechanical device 12.
- An example of the risk table in this case is shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a case where the maintenance mode risk table is selected, and S (the magnitude of damage due to risk) in this case is also “serious injury”.
- FIG. 5 the risk value is not obtained using the risk tables of FIGS. 2 and 5, but for example, S (the magnitude of damage due to risk). , F (access frequency in the operation mode), and P (risk avoidance) are converted into numerical values, and a risk value is obtained by a calculation formula such as summation (S + F + P) or integration (S ⁇ F ⁇ P).
- the risk measurement device 16 includes a risk table based on the risk assessment result in the risk table database 17.
- the risk measurement device 16 receives the distance from the sensor 14 or the like that measures the distance D between the mechanical device 12 and the worker 11 and the operation mode of the mechanical device 12 from the control device 13 as inputs, and a risk table corresponding to the operation mode.
- the current risk value is obtained based on the current access frequency F and the avoidance P obtained from the distance D between the machine device 12 and the worker 11. Further, the obtained risk value is displayed on the display device 18 or recorded in the recording device.
- the worker 11 and the machine device 12 are monitored in real time, and the current risk is continuously measured based on the risk assessment result at the time of design. That is, the risk of the mechanical device 12 can be measured in real time.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage.
- the above embodiments include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent requirements. For example, even if some constituent requirements are deleted from all the constituent requirements shown in the embodiment, the problem described in the column of the problem to be solved by the invention can be solved, and is described in the column of the effect of the invention. When an effect is obtained, a configuration from which this configuration requirement is deleted can be extracted as an invention.
- the constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
- the risk measurement system according to the present invention is useful for real-time monitoring of a current worker's risk, and in particular, by continuously recording and visualizing the worker's risk, Suitable for facilitating safety and health management.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1にかかるリスク測定システム100の構成を示す図である。図1において、リスク測定システム100は、作業者11、ロボット等の機械装置12、機械装置12を制御する制御装置13、機械装置12と作業者11を感知するセンサ14、センサ14に接続されたセンサ信号処理装置15、制御装置13およびセンサ信号処理装置15にそれぞれ接続されたリスク測定装置16、機械装置12のリスクアセスメント結果としてのリスク表を保持したリスク表データベース17、およびリスク測定装置16に接続された表示機18を備える。リスク表データベース17はリスク測定装置16に接続されている。
図3は、本発明の実施の形態2にかかるリスク測定システム200の構成を示す図である。リスク測定システム200においては、図1におけるセンサ14に替えてレーザ測距センサ34が備えられている。リスク測定システム200の他の部分の構成は図1と同様である。本実施の形態においては、作業者11と機械装置12の位置関係を測定するのに、実施の形態1にて使用したセンサ14による画像ではなく、レーザやレーダの反射を利用して作業者11と機械装置12ぞれぞれの位置を測定する。レーザ測距センサ34からの信号に基づいて、実施の形態1と同様に、センサ信号処理装置15が作業者11と機械装置12との距離Dを求める。この後、リスク値を求める手順は実施の形態1と同様である。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態3にかかるリスク測定システム300の構成を示す図である。本実施の形態においては、作業者11と機械装置12との距離Dの測定にRF-ID(Radio Frequency IDentification)を用いる。図4においては、作業者11なら袖や帽子などの先端部および機械装置12の稼動部分先端に、例えばRF-ID等の送信デバイス41、42を取り付け、アンテナ (アンテナセンサ)44がその電波を受信し、アンテナ44に接続されたセンサ信号処理装置15が作業者11と機械装置12との距離Dを求める。リスク測定システム300の他の部分の構成は図1および図3と同様である。距離Dを求めた後、リスク値を求める手順は実施の形態1および2と同様である。なお、送信デバイス41、42の代わりにアンテナを作業者11の先端部および機械装置12の稼動部分先端に取り付けてもよい。
本発明の実施の形態4においては、実施の形態1と同様に図1に示すようなリスク測定システム100の構成において、制御装置13が機械装置12の動作速度をリスク測定装置16に送る。リスク測定装置16は作業者11と機械装置12との距離Dと機械装置12の動作速度から、リスクの回避性(P)を判断する。この場合のリスク表の例を図5に示す。図5は、保守モードのリスク表が選択された場合を示しており、この場合のS(リスクによる被害の大きさ)も「重傷」となっている。
本発明の実施の形態5においては、実施の形態1および4で示したように図2および図5のリスク表を用いてリスク値を求めるのではなく、例えばS(リスクによる被害の大きさ)、F(当該運転モードにおけるアクセス頻度)、P(リスクの回避性)それぞれを数値化して、その和算(S+F+P)あるいは積算(S×F×P)などの計算式によりリスク値を求める。
12 機械装置
13 制御装置
14 センサ
15 センサ信号処理装置
16 リスク測定装置
17 リスク表データベース
18 表示装置
34 レーザ測距センサ
41、42 送信デバイス
44 アンテナ
100、200、300 リスク測定システム
Claims (6)
- 機械装置および作業者との距離を求める計測手段と、
前記機械装置を制御する制御装置と、
表示装置と、
リスクによる被害の大きさ、運転モードによる前記機械装置へのアクセス頻度、およびリスクの回避性、に依存したリスク値を示すリスク表を有するリスク表データベースと、
前記距離に基づいて求めた前記回避性、前記制御装置から取得した前記機械装置の前記運転モードに基づいて求めた前記アクセス頻度、および前記リスク表、に基づいて前記リスク値を得て、当該リスク値の時間的変化を記録し且つ前記表示装置に表示するリスク測定装置と、
を備えることを特徴とするリスク測定システム。 - 前記リスク測定装置は、前記回避性を前記制御装置から取得した前記機械装置の動作速度にも基づいて求める
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリスク測定システム。 - 前記リスク測定装置は、前記距離と前記動作速度に基づいて計算した前記作業者と前記機械装置との衝突時間に基づいて前記回避性を求める
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のリスク測定システム。 - 前記計測手段は、センサ、および前記センサと前記リスク測定装置にそれぞれ接続した信号処理装置を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1、2または3に記載のリスク測定システム。 - 前記センサは、レーザ測距センサである
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のリスク測定システム。 - 前記計測手段は、前記作業者および前記機械装置に取り付けた送信デバイスあるいはアンテナ、およびアンテナセンサを含み、RF-IDにより前記距離を求める
ことを特徴とする請求項1、2または3に記載のリスク測定システム。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/050587 WO2013105264A1 (ja) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | リスク測定システム |
JP2013553162A JP5680225B2 (ja) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | リスク測定システム及びリスク測定装置 |
DE112012005650.7T DE112012005650B4 (de) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Risikomesssystem |
CN201280066913.2A CN104039513B (zh) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | 风险测定系统 |
KR1020147019521A KR101560516B1 (ko) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | 리스크 측정 시스템 |
US14/370,508 US10095991B2 (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Risk measurement system |
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PCT/JP2012/050587 WO2013105264A1 (ja) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | リスク測定システム |
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WO2013105264A1 true WO2013105264A1 (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
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PCT/JP2012/050587 WO2013105264A1 (ja) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | リスク測定システム |
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US (1) | US10095991B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5680225B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101560516B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104039513B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112012005650B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013105264A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
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Also Published As
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DE112012005650T8 (de) | 2014-11-20 |
US20150006240A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
JPWO2013105264A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
DE112012005650B4 (de) | 2018-01-25 |
CN104039513A (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
KR101560516B1 (ko) | 2015-10-14 |
US10095991B2 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
KR20140103159A (ko) | 2014-08-25 |
DE112012005650T5 (de) | 2014-10-09 |
JP5680225B2 (ja) | 2015-03-04 |
CN104039513B (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
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