WO2013097297A1 - 动力工具 - Google Patents

动力工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013097297A1
WO2013097297A1 PCT/CN2012/001747 CN2012001747W WO2013097297A1 WO 2013097297 A1 WO2013097297 A1 WO 2013097297A1 CN 2012001747 W CN2012001747 W CN 2012001747W WO 2013097297 A1 WO2013097297 A1 WO 2013097297A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
output shaft
driving
fixing member
working head
mating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/001747
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张士松
庞晓丽
徐静涛
吴宇
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201110447736.XA external-priority patent/CN103182704B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110447933.1A external-priority patent/CN103182705B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110447995.2A external-priority patent/CN103182708B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110447941.6A external-priority patent/CN103182706B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110447974.0A external-priority patent/CN103182707B/zh
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority to EP12861565.5A priority Critical patent/EP2799188A4/en
Priority to US14/369,676 priority patent/US9821430B2/en
Publication of WO2013097297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013097297A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B45/00—Means for securing grinding wheels on rotary arbors
    • B24B45/006—Quick mount and release means for disc-like wheels, e.g. on power tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/02—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with rotating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/022—Spindle-locking devices, e.g. for mounting or removing the tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/04—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with oscillating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power tool, in particular a hand-held power tool.
  • the multi-function machine is a common hand-held oscillating power tool in the industry. Its working principle is that the output shaft oscillates around its own axis. Therefore, when the user installs different working heads on the free end of the output shaft, such as a straight saw blade, a circular saw blade, a triangular sanding disc, and a shovel-type scraper, a variety of different operating functions can be realized, such as sawing and cutting. , grinding, scraping, etc., to adapt to different work needs.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN100574993C discloses a swinging power tool having a quick clamping mechanism.
  • the oscillating power tool comprises: a working mandrel for driving a tool, the tool being fastenable between a fastening element and a retaining portion on a tool end of the working mandrel; for the fastening element A moving device that slides between a release position and a locked position.
  • the fastening element In the released position, the fastening element can be removed from the working mandrel; and in the locked position, the fastening element is clamped against the retaining portion by a spring element.
  • the fastening element includes a clamping shaft insertable into the working mandrel and retained in the locking position by a locking mechanism within the working mandrel, and Can be removed while in the release position.
  • the locking mechanism has a clamping member that is movable in a radial direction.
  • the locking mechanism has a collar against which the clamping member is radially displaceable, the clamping member being retained in a recess of the collar, the clamping member facing the same
  • An inclined surface on one side of the tool the inclined surface mating with the inclined surface on the collar such that the collar abuts against the inclined surface of the clamping member, thereby driving the clamping member radially
  • the clamping of the clamping element of the fastening element is effected by movement, enabling rapid clamping or release of the fastening element.
  • the moving member is an operating wrench rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the output shaft.
  • the thrust member is pressed by the cam surface on the wrench, so that the locking mechanism is axially moved downward against the spring force to release the fastening component.
  • the locking mechanism moves axially up under the spring force and quickly clamps the fastening element.
  • the axial pressing force is provided by the spring force of the spring, when the external load is large, the axial downward external force exceeds the axial upward pressing force that the spring can provide, which makes the solid component and the locking force
  • the axial direction moves down a certain amount, which causes a gap between the fastening component and the tool to loosen the tool, thereby confirming the present Slippage affects work efficiency.
  • the quick clamping mechanism of the power tool requires a wrench of a larger size, and the wrench needs to be rotated when releasing or clamping the fastening component, which is cumbersome.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a power tool capable of mounting a work head to an output shaft in a reliable manner without using an auxiliary tool such as a wrench and preventing slippage of the work head member during operation.
  • a power tool including:
  • An output shaft for mounting and driving the working head the output shaft being provided with a receiving portion extending out of the housing;
  • a fixing member for fixing the working head to a receiving portion of the output shaft
  • a driving mechanism for moving the locking mechanism between a locking position and a releasing position, wherein the fixing member is clamped on the output shaft; in the releasing position, capable of being Removing the fixing member from the output shaft;
  • the locking mechanism in the locked position, the locking mechanism is rigidly supported by the drive mechanism, and the axial distance between the locking mechanism and the receiving portion of the output shaft remains unchanged.
  • the driving mechanism comprises an active member supported on the output shaft and a follower engaged with the active member, and the movable member is moved to drive the driven member to move axially, thereby driving the lock
  • the tensioning mechanism moves axially.
  • the driving member and the follower are engaged by a first engaging surface provided on at least one of the two, and the follower shaft is driven by the first engaging surface when the driving member rotates Move to.
  • the first engaging surface is a flat surface.
  • the first engagement surface is perpendicular to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface is disposed at an acute angle to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface is a cam surface.
  • the active member rotates about an axis of the output shaft or a line parallel to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the active member rotates about a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface is disposed on the active member, and the driven member is provided with a second engaging surface that engages with the first engaging surface.
  • the second engaging surface is disposed obliquely, and includes at least an adjacent fast segment and a low velocity segment, and the fast segment has an angle of elevation greater than an angle of the low segment.
  • the first engaging surface is inclined and the rising angle is equal to the rising angle of the low speed section of the second engaging surface.
  • the driving mechanism is provided with a first elastic member, and the first elastic member provides an elastic force capable of driving the driving member to rotate relative to the output shaft.
  • the drive mechanism further includes a driving member, and the rotating the driving member can drive the main member to rotate.
  • the driving member and the follower are both cylindrical, and the first engaging surface is formed on a circumference of the driving member or the driven member.
  • the active member is provided with a first limiting portion
  • the driven member is provided with a second limiting portion.
  • the first limiting portion is The second limiting portion cooperates to limit the rotation of the active member.
  • the drive mechanism By setting the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism can be quickly locked or disengaged without the use of other auxiliary tools, so that the quick installation or disassembly of the work head can be realized. Since the distance between the receiving portion of the locking mechanism and the receiving portion of the output shaft remains unchanged during the locking position, looseness of the fixing member during a large load can be avoided, thereby ensuring stability of the working head during use.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a power tool capable of mounting a work head to an output shaft in a reliable manner without using an auxiliary tool such as a wrench, and having a simple operation step and a better hand feeling.
  • a power tool including:
  • An output shaft for mounting and driving the working head the output shaft being provided with a receiving portion extending out of the housing;
  • a fixing member for fixing the working head to a receiving portion of the output shaft
  • a locking mechanism switchable between a locked position in which the fixing member is clamped on the output shaft and a released position in which the release shaft is capable of being mounted on the output shaft Removing the fixing member
  • a drive mechanism movable between a first position and a second position, in the first position, Positioning the locking mechanism in a locked position; in the second position, placing the locking mechanism in a release position;
  • the driving mechanism is provided with a first elastic member, and the first elastic member automatically returns the driving mechanism from the second position to the first position when the locking mechanism is moved from the releasing position to the locking position. position.
  • the driving mechanism includes an active member supported on the output shaft and a follower engaged with the active member, and the movable member is moved to drive the driven member to move axially, thereby driving the driven member
  • the locking mechanism moves axially.
  • the driving member and the follower are engaged by a first engaging surface provided on at least one of the two, and the follower shaft is driven by the first engaging surface when the driving member rotates Move to.
  • the first engaging surface is a flat surface.
  • the first engagement surface is perpendicular to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the first mating surface is at an acute angle to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface is a cam surface.
  • the active member rotates about an axis of the output shaft or a line parallel to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the active member rotates about a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface is disposed on the active member, and the driven member is provided with a second engaging surface that engages with the first engaging surface.
  • the second engaging surface is disposed obliquely with respect to an axis of the output shaft, and includes at least adjacent fast segments and low speed segments, and the rising angle of the fast segments is greater than the rising angle of the low speed segments.
  • the first engaging surface is inclined and the rising angle is equal to the rising angle of the low speed section of the second engaging surface.
  • the drive mechanism further includes a driving member, and the rotating the driving member can drive the main member to rotate.
  • the active member and the follower are each cylindrical, and the first engaging surface is formed on a circumference of one of the active member and the driven member.
  • the active member is provided with a first limiting portion
  • the driven member is provided with a second limiting portion.
  • the first limiting portion is The second limiting portion cooperates to limit the rotation of the active member.
  • the locking mechanism is rigidly supported by the drive mechanism, and the axial distance between the locking mechanism and the receiving portion of the output shaft remains unchanged.
  • the driving mechanism By setting the driving mechanism, the quick driving locking mechanism and the fixing member are locked or disengaged without using other auxiliary tools, thereby realizing quick installation or disassembly of the working head.
  • the drive mechanism By providing the first elastic member, when the locking mechanism is moved from the release position to the locking position, the drive mechanism can be automatically restored from the second position to the first position, thereby reducing the operation steps of the drive mechanism, which can be more conveniently Replace the work head for a better handling feel.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a power tool capable of mounting a work head to an output shaft in a reliable manner without using an auxiliary tool such as a wrench and preventing slippage of the work head member during operation.
  • a power tool including:
  • An output shaft for mounting and driving the working head the output shaft being provided with a receiving portion extending out of the housing;
  • a fixing member for fixing the working head to a receiving portion of the output shaft
  • a driving mechanism for moving the locking mechanism between a locking position and a releasing position, wherein the fixing member is clamped on the output shaft; in the releasing position, capable of being Removing the fixing member from the output shaft;
  • the driving mechanism includes an active member and a follower engaged with the active member, and the driving member is driven to drive the driven member to move axially, thereby driving the locking mechanism to move axially.
  • the locking mechanism In the locked position, the locking mechanism is supported by the follower, and the follower is supported by the active member.
  • the driving member and the follower are engaged by a first engaging surface provided on at least one of the two, and the follower shaft is driven by the first engaging surface when the driving member rotates Move to.
  • the first engaging surface is a flat surface.
  • the first engagement surface is perpendicular to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the first mating surface is at an acute angle to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface is a cam surface.
  • the active member rotates about an axis of the output shaft or a line parallel to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the active member rotates about a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface is disposed on the active member, and the driven member is provided with The first engaging surface engages the second engaging surface.
  • the second engaging surface is disposed obliquely with respect to an axis of the output shaft, and includes at least adjacent fast segments and low speed segments, and the rising angle of the fast segments is greater than the rising angle of the low speed segments.
  • the first engaging surface is inclined and the rising angle is equal to the rising angle of the low speed section of the second engaging surface.
  • the driving member and the follower are both cylindrical, and the first engaging surface is formed on a circumference of the driving member or the driven member.
  • the drive mechanism further includes a driving member, and the rotating the driving member can drive the main member to rotate.
  • the active member is provided with a first limiting portion
  • the driven member is provided with a second limiting portion.
  • the first limiting portion is The second limiting portion cooperates to limit the rotation of the active member.
  • the locking mechanism is rigidly supported by the drive mechanism, and the axial distance between the locking mechanism and the receiving portion of the output shaft remains unchanged.
  • the driving mechanism is provided with a first elastic member, and the first elastic member provides an elastic force capable of driving the driving member to rotate relative to the output shaft.
  • the driving member By setting the driving mechanism, the driving member can be quickly driven to be locked or disengaged without using other auxiliary tools, so that the working head can be quickly installed or disassembled.
  • the driving mechanism includes an active member and a follower that cooperates with the active member. In the locked position, the locking mechanism is supported by the driven member, and the driven member is supported by the active member, thereby preventing the fixing member from being planted in a larger size. Looseness occurs at the time of loading, thus ensuring the stability of the working head during use.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a power tool capable of mounting a work head to an output shaft in a reliable manner without using an auxiliary tool such as a wrench and preventing slippage of the work head member during operation.
  • a power tool including:
  • the output shaft is rotatable about its own axis for reciprocating oscillating motion for mounting and driving the working head, the output shaft being provided with a receiving portion extending out of the housing;
  • a fixing member including a pressing portion for fixing the working head to a receiving portion of the output shaft
  • a drive mechanism capable of switching between the first mating position and the second mating position, in the first a mating position, the pressing portion of the fixing member is pressed against the working head; in the second mating position, the pressing portion of the fixing member releases the working head;
  • the driving mechanism includes an active member and a mating member that are movable relative to each other, and the driving member is movable to move the fixing member axially. In the first mating position, the fixing member is driven by the active member or The mating member is supported and axially fixed.
  • the driving member is rotationally moved relative to the mating member to move the driving mechanism between the first mating position and the second mating position.
  • the inactive member is provided with a first engaging portion
  • the engaging member is provided with a second engaging portion that cooperates with the first engaging portion
  • the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are respectively One of the first engagement faces is provided for mutual cooperation.
  • the first engaging surface is a cam surface.
  • the first engaging surface is a plane, and the first engaging surface is at an acute angle to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the other of the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion is provided with a second engaging surface that cooperates with the first engaging surface.
  • the active member rotates about an axis of the output shaft or a line parallel to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the active member rotates about a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • a self-locking is formed between the active member and the mating member.
  • the distance that the active member moves is greater than the distance that the fixing member moves in the axial direction.
  • the fixing member when the driving mechanism is in the second mating position, the fixing member is rigidly supported by the driving mechanism, and an axial distance between the pressing portion of the fixing member and the receiving portion of the output shaft constant.
  • the fixing member includes a pressing portion and a rod portion extending axially from the pressing portion into the output shaft, the rod portion being mated with the driving member or the fitting member.
  • the driving mechanism is further provided with a first elastic member.
  • the fixing member When the fixing member is axially moved, the driving mechanism automatically recovers from the second matching position under the action of the first elastic member. To the first mating position.
  • the power tool further includes an operating mechanism capable of driving the driving mechanism to move between the first mating position and the second mating position by operating the operating mechanism.
  • the active member is provided with a first limiting portion
  • the engaging member is provided with a second limiting portion.
  • the driving mechanism includes an active member and a fitting member that cooperates with the active member.
  • the fixing member When the first engaging position, the fixing member is supported by one of the active member or the fitting member, so that the fixing member can be prevented from loosening under a large load. , to ensure the stability of the work head during use.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a power tool capable of mounting a work head to an output shaft in a reliable manner without using an auxiliary tool such as a wrench, and operating the step, and having a better feel.
  • a power tool including:
  • the output shaft is rotatable about its own axis for reciprocating oscillating motion for mounting and driving the working head, the output shaft being provided with a receiving portion extending out of the housing;
  • a fixing member including a pressing portion for fixing the working head to a receiving portion of the output shaft
  • a driving mechanism capable of switching between a first mating position and a second mating position, wherein in the first mating position, the pressing portion of the fixing member is pressed against the working head; in the second mating position, Disposing the pressing portion of the fixing member to release the working head;
  • the driving mechanism is provided with a first elastic member, and when the pressing member is axially moved, the driving mechanism automatically returns from the second matching position to the device under the action of the first elastic member.
  • the first mating position is described.
  • the driving mechanism comprises a relatively moving active member and a fitting member, and the movable member is moved to drive the fixing member to move axially.
  • one end of the elastic member is coupled to the active member, and the other end is coupled to the housing or the output shaft.
  • the engaging member is driven to move axially, and the fixing member is supported on the fitting member.
  • the active member moves axially relative to the mating member, and the fixing member is supported on the active member.
  • the driving member rotates relative to the fitting member to rotate the driving mechanism between the first mating position and the second mating position.
  • the active member rotates about an axis of the output shaft or a line parallel to the axis.
  • the active member rotates about a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the active member rotates about a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the active member is provided with a first engaging portion
  • the engaging member is provided with a second engaging portion that cooperates with the first engaging portion
  • the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are respectively One of the persons has a first engagement surface for mating.
  • the first engaging surface is a cam surface.
  • the first engaging surface is a plane, and the first engaging surface is at an acute angle to an axis of the output shaft.
  • the other of the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion is provided with a second engaging surface that cooperates with the first engaging surface.
  • the active member and the mating member form a self-locking.
  • the distance that the active member moves is greater than the distance that the fixing member moves in the axial direction.
  • the active member is provided with a first limiting portion
  • the driven member is provided with a second limiting portion.
  • the first limiting portion is The second limiting portion cooperates to limit the rotation of the active member.
  • the fixing member when the driving mechanism is in the second mating position, the fixing member is rigidly supported by the driving mechanism, and the axial distance between the pressing portion of the fixing member and the receiving portion of the output shaft constant.
  • the power tool further includes an operating mechanism capable of driving the driving mechanism to move between the first mating position and the second mating position by operating the operating mechanism.
  • a second elastic member is mounted between the driving mechanism and the output shaft or the housing, and when the driving mechanism is moved from the first mating position to the second mating position, the fixing member is the second elastic member. Pops up from the output shaft.
  • the fixing member By setting the driving mechanism, the fixing member can be quickly driven to press or release the working head without using other auxiliary tools, so that the working head can be quickly installed or disassembled.
  • the first elastic member By providing the first elastic member, the first elastic member can automatically drive the driving mechanism from the second mating position when the fixing member is axially pressed Revert to the first mating position. Therefore, when the working head is replaced, the operation steps of the driving mechanism are reduced, the operation is simpler, the operating feeling is better, and the working head can be replaced more conveniently. Attached sleep instructions
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a power tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of some of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a follower in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective exploded view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Fig. 2.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the power tool of Figure 2 in a first position with the locking mechanism in a released position.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a portion of the power tool of Figure 2 in a second position with the locking mechanism in a released position and a locked position.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 7.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of a portion of the power tool of Figure 2 in a third position, with the locking mechanism in the locked position and the working head not yet clamped.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 9.
  • Figure 1 1 is a perspective view of a portion of the power tool of Figure 2 in a fourth position, with the locking mechanism in the locked position and the working head clamped.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 11.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic elevational view of a portion of the power tool in a first position in a second embodiment of the present invention, with the locking mechanism in the locked position.
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of a portion of the power tool of Figure 13 in a second position with the locking mechanism in the released position.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view showing the power tool in a first position in the third embodiment of the present invention, in which the locking mechanism is in the release position.
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view of a portion of the power tool of Figure 15 in a second position with the locking mechanism in the locked position.
  • Figure 17 is a perspective exploded view of a portion of the components of the power tool of Figure 15.
  • FIG. 18 is a structural schematic view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in FIG.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a part of the power tool of Figure 15 in a second position.
  • Figure 20 is a perspective view of a power tool in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a perspective view of a portion of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 20.
  • Figure 22 is a perspective exploded view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 21.
  • Figure 23 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 21 in a first state, in which the drive mechanism is in the second mating position.
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 23.
  • Figure 25 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 21 in a second state, wherein the drive mechanism is in a second mating position and a first mating position, and the working head is released.
  • Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 25.
  • Figure 27 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 21 in a third state, wherein the drive mechanism is still in the second mating position and the first mating position, and the working head is released.
  • Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 27.
  • Figure 29 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 21 in a fourth state, in which the drive mechanism is in the first mating position and the working head is compressed.
  • Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 29.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a power tool in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 32 is a perspective view showing the base of the driving member in the power tool shown in Figure 31.
  • Figure 33 is a perspective view showing the other direction of the base of the driving member shown in Figure 32.
  • Figure 34 is a perspective exploded view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 31.
  • Figure 35 is a perspective view showing a portion of the components of the power tool of Figure 31 in a first state, in which the drive mechanism is in the second mating position and the working head is released.
  • Figure 36 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 35.
  • Figure 37 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 31 in a second state, wherein the drive mechanism is located between the second mating position and the first mating position.
  • Figure 38 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 37.
  • Figure 39 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 31 in a third state, in which the drive mechanism is in the first mating position and the working head is compressed.
  • Figure 40 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 39.
  • Figure 41 is a perspective view showing a state in which a part of the components of the power tool are in a first state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which the driving mechanism is in the second mating position, and the working head is released.
  • Figure 42 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 41 in a second state, in which the drive mechanism is in the first mating position and the working head is compressed.
  • Figure 43 is a perspective exploded view showing a part of the components of the power tool shown in Figure 41.
  • Figure 44 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 41 in a first state, in which the drive mechanism is in the second mating position and the working head is released.
  • Figure 45 is a perspective view showing a portion of the power tool of Figure 41 in a first state, in which the drive mechanism is in the first mating position and the working head is compressed.
  • Head shell 511 Center hole 734.
  • Ball bearing 53 Connection part 7343. Second limit part
  • Locking mechanism 9372 Second mating surface 4131. Pressing part
  • Second elastic member 9381 Containment cavity 4133. Hold portion
  • Multi-function machine 94 Multi-function machine 94.
  • Work head 414 Work head
  • Second elastic member 4115 Oil seal bearing 41522.
  • Push button 4234 Second elastic member 49341. Flat square
  • Second elastic member 424 Operating mechanism 4935. Cam portion
  • Multifunction machine 4241 Handle 49351 ⁇ Low end
  • the power tool of the present invention includes a housing, an output shaft mounted in the housing, a fixing member for fixing the working head to the output shaft, a locking mechanism for locking or releasing the fixing member, and a driving mechanism.
  • the drive mechanism is switchable between a first mating position and a second mating position to thereby move the locking mechanism between the locked position and the released position.
  • the fixing member In the locked position, the fixing member is clamped on the receiving portion of the output shaft; in the released position, the fixing member can be removed from the output shaft. This makes it possible to quickly change the working head without the need for an external aid.
  • the locking mechanism in the locked position, the locking mechanism is rigidly supported by the drive mechanism, and the distance between the locking mechanism and the receiving portion of the output shaft remains unchanged.
  • the structure is such that the working head is stably fixed on the output shaft by the fixing member, and when the external load is excessively large, a gap is released between the working head and the fixing member, thereby preventing the slipping phenomenon when the working head is working. Greatly improve work efficiency.
  • the drive mechanism is further provided with a first resilient member that automatically returns the drive mechanism from the second position to the first position when the locking mechanism is moved from the release position to the locked position. Therefore, when the working head is replaced, the operation steps of the driving mechanism are reduced, the operation is simpler, and the operating feeling is better.
  • the driving mechanism includes an active member and a follower that cooperates with the active member, and the moving active member can drive the driven member to move axially, thereby driving the locking mechanism to move axially, and in the locked position, locking
  • the mechanism is supported by the follower and the follower is supported by the active member.
  • the "rigid support” in this specification means that the drive mechanism is not deformed in the axial direction and cannot be elastically compressed under the action of the axial external force after the lock mechanism is supported by the drive mechanism.
  • the power tool of the present invention includes a housing, an output shaft mounted in the housing, a fixing member for fixing the working head to the output shaft, and a driving mechanism for axially moving the fixing member.
  • the driving mechanism is switchable between the first mating position and the second mating position, wherein in the first mating position, the fixing member positions the working head on the output shaft; in the second mating position, the fixing member releases the working head to remove the working head The output shaft is removed. This makes it possible to quickly install or replace the work head without the need for external aids.
  • the driving mechanism includes an active member and a fitting member that cooperates with the active member, and the active member is rotatable relative to the engaging member, and the engaging member is non-rotatable with respect to the output shaft.
  • the moving active member can drive the axial movement of the fitting, thereby driving the fixing member to move axially.
  • the fixing member is supported by one of the driving member or the fitting member.
  • the driving mechanism is further provided with a first elastic member, and when the fixing member is axially pressed, the first elastic member can automatically return the driving mechanism from the second mating position to the first mating position. Therefore, when the working head is replaced, the operation steps of the driving mechanism are reduced, the operation is simpler, and the operating feeling is better.
  • the power tool according to the present embodiment is specifically a swing type power tool, which is also called a multifunction machine.
  • the present invention is not limited to the oscillating power tool, and may be a rotary type grinding power tool such as a sander or an angle grinder.
  • a power tool in particular, a multi-function machine 100 includes a casing 1 extending longitudinally and a head shell connected to a front end of the casing 1 (defined as a front end on the left side in FIG. 1 ). 2 and an output shaft 3 extending from the head casing 2.
  • a motor (not shown) is disposed in the casing 1, and a switch 4 is further disposed on the casing 1 to control the opening or closing of the motor.
  • the head case 2 includes a horizontal portion 21 connected to the casing 1 and disposed in the horizontal direction in Fig. 1, and a vertical portion 22 extending substantially vertically downward from the end of the horizontal portion 21.
  • the output shaft 3 is disposed in a vertical direction, one end of which is mounted in the head casing 2, and the other end extends downward from the vertical portion 22 of the head casing 2, and is oscillatingly movable about its longitudinal axis X, such as a swinging direction
  • the double arrow in Figure 1 shows.
  • an eccentric member (not shown) and a fork assembly (not shown) commonly used in the swing machine are also provided inside the head casing 2 for converting the rotational output torque of the motor into the output shaft 3. Swing output torque.
  • the rotational motion of the eccentric member is converted into the oscillating motion of the output shaft 3 relative to its own axis X by the cooperation with the fork assembly, and the swing angle is between about 0.5 and 7 degrees, and the swing frequency range can be set to About 5,000 to 30,000 times per minute.
  • a working head 5 can be mounted by a fixing member (described in detail below).
  • the working head 5 is a straight saw blade, and the working head 5 can be driven by the output shaft 3. Swing motion along the direction of the double arrow in Figure 1.
  • the output shaft 3 rotates around its own axis X to reciprocate and oscillate, thereby generating a large abrupt torque in both directions of the swing. Therefore, a very large axial clamping force is required to ensure that the above-described working head 5 is held on the output shaft 3 under all working conditions, and there is no slippage which affects work efficiency or is inoperable.
  • the multifunction machine 100 further includes a locking mechanism 6 disposed in the output shaft 3 and After the driving mechanism 7, the locking mechanism 6 and the driving mechanism 7 are engaged, it is possible to quickly clamp or release the fixing member 8, thereby quickly installing or detaching the working head 5.
  • the output shaft 3 is hollow and housed in the head casing 2 and axially supported between the ball bearing 23 and the oil seal bearing 24 which are mounted in parallel in the head casing 2.
  • the output shaft 3 is composed of four elements from top to bottom: a shaft body 3 1, a shaft cover 32, a sleeve 33 and a shaft seat 34. Obviously, the four elements are not rotatable relative to each other for transmitting rotation. Torque.
  • the shaft body 3 1 has a cylindrical shape and is connected to the shaft cover 32 by a pin (not shown), and a blind hole 3 1 1 is axially opened toward one end of the working head 5.
  • the shaft cover 32 is hollow, the upper section 321 is a hollow cylindrical shape for housing the shaft body 3 1 , and the lower section 322 is also hollow cylindrical, but has a large radial dimension.
  • the outer surface of the lower section 322 is radially convexly extended with spaced apart ribs 323 that cooperate with the sleeve 33 to transmit rotational torque.
  • the sleeve 33 is also hollow cylindrical, and the inner side wall is provided with a plurality of recesses 33 1 for receiving the ribs 323 of the sleeve 32.
  • the bottom portion protrudes downwardly and has two symmetrically disposed protrusions 332 extending through the protrusions 332. Cooperating with the shaft seat 34, the rotational torque is transmitted to the shaft seat 34.
  • the shaft seat 34 is located at the bottom end of the output shaft 3 and has a receiving portion 341.
  • the receiving portion 341 includes a circular bottom wall 342, a hollow cylindrical outer sleeve 343 extending upward from the outer edge of the bottom wall 342, and a bottom wall.
  • the lower surface of the 342 has a plurality of circumferentially distributed studs 344 extending axially downward.
  • the shaft seat 34 further includes a hollow cylindrical inner sleeve 345 extending upward from a central portion of the receiving portion 341 and a receiving hole 346 extending through the receiving portion 341 and the inner sleeve 345.
  • the top end of the inner sleeve 345 extends upwardly for blocking the locking mechanism 6
  • a stop portion 347 that moves axially downward.
  • the inner wall of the outer casing 343 of the receiving portion 341 is symmetrically formed with two grooves 348 for accommodating the two projections 332 of the sleeve 33 to transmit the rotational torque.
  • the output shaft of the present invention is not limited to the specific structure in the embodiment, wherein the shaft body 31, the shaft cover 32, the sleeve 33, and the shaft seat 34 can be transmitted by providing a flat structure.
  • the three components of the shaft body 3 1, the shaft cover 32, and the sleeve 33 can be arranged as one element integrally formed without affecting the performance of the entire machine.
  • the working head 5 is a straight saw blade, and it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the working head 5 can also be other accessories such as a circular saw blade, an abrasive disc, a scraper or the like.
  • the working head 5 is laterally disposed, and has a flat mounting portion 5 1 for mounting on the output shaft 3, a cutting portion 52 for cutting, and a connecting portion 53 between the mounting portion 51 and the cutting portion 52.
  • the mounting portion 5 1 is provided with a central hole 5 1 1 , and a plurality of mounting holes 5 12 are engaged with the protruding posts 344 of the output shaft 3 at the periphery of the central hole.
  • the fixing member 8 is for fixing the working head 5 to the end of the output shaft 3.
  • the fixing member 8 passes through the mounting portion 5 1 of the working head 5 and is further connected to the end of the output shaft 3.
  • the utility model comprises an annular pressure plate 81 at the bottom and a rod portion 82 extending axially upward from a middle portion of the pressure plate 81.
  • the end of the rod portion 82 is provided with a tooth portion 82, a tooth
  • the portion 82 can be an external thread or other toothed structure.
  • the rod portion 82 of the fixing member 8 passes through the receiving hole 346 of the output shaft 3, and can be clamped by the locking mechanism 6, thereby clamping the mounting portion 5 1 of the working head 5 to the bottom wall 344 of the output shaft 3. Between the bottom plate 81.
  • the locking mechanism 6 is switchable between a locking position in which the fixing member 8 is clamped in the locking mechanism 6 and a releasing position, and in the releasing position, the fixing member 8 is released by the locking mechanism 6 Thereby it can be removed from the output shaft 3.
  • the locking mechanism 6 can be moved from the locking position to the releasing position, and the fixing member 8 can be removed from the output shaft 3; when the fixing member 8 is mounted, the fixing member is manually pressed. 8.
  • the drive mechanism 7 can automatically return to its original position to maintain the locking mechanism 6 in the locked position.
  • the driving mechanism 7 includes a driving member 71, an driving member 72 and a follower 73.
  • the driving member 71 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve 33 of the output shaft 3.
  • the driving member 72 and the driven member 73 are mounted in the output shaft 3 for receiving. In the accommodating space formed by the sleeve 33 and the shaft cover 32, and finally between the locking mechanism 6 and the receiving portion 341 of the output shaft 3.
  • the drive member 71 is operatively rotatable about the axis X of the output shaft 3, and the drive member 72 is also rotatable about the axis X of the output shaft 3, and the drive member 73 is axially moved up as it rotates.
  • the drive member 71 is located in the vertical portion 22 of the head casing 2 and is rotatable about the axis X of the output shaft 3. It includes a body 71 1 having a generally hollow cylindrical shape and a wrench portion 712 extending radially outward from the bottom of the body 71 1 .
  • the bottom end of the main body 71 1 is also provided with two centrally symmetric rectangular notches 713.
  • the wrench portion 712 is also rectangular and at the same axial height as the notch 713.
  • the active member 72 is machined from a rigid material that is mounted within the output shaft 3 and is located within the space formed between the outer jacket 343 and the inner sleeve 345 of the axle housing 34.
  • the active member 72 includes a hollow cylindrical body 721, two protrusions 722 extending from the body 721, and two support portions 723.
  • the two protrusions 722 extend radially outward from the outer side of the body 721 and are respectively located in the notches 713 of the driving member 71 and are symmetrically disposed at the center;
  • the body 721 has a horizontal upper surface 724, and the two supporting portions 723 are from the body 721
  • the upper surface 724 extends axially upwardly and is also centrally symmetric.
  • the body 721 is hollow, and the support portion 723 is adjacent to the protruding portion 722.
  • the top of the support portion 723 is axially inclined to form a first engagement surface 725.
  • the first engagement surface 725 is gradually raised in a clockwise direction and has a first angle of elevation.
  • a first elastic member 726 is disposed between the driving member 72 and the inner sleeve 345 of the shaft seat 34.
  • the first elastic member 726 is abutted against the inner sleeve 345, and the other end abuts against the driving member 72, so that the active member 72 rotation can automatically return to the initial position.
  • the body 721 has a first limiting portion 727 extending radially from the inner side thereof. In cooperation with the follower 73, when the locking mechanism 6 is in the release position, the rotation of the driving member 72 is restricted by the first limiting portion 727.
  • the follower 73 is also machined from a rigid material that is mounted axially above the active member 72 and includes an axially disposed mating segment 73 1 , a receiving portion 732 and a guide rod 733 , three radial dimensions Decrease in turn.
  • the receiving section 732 is located above the mating section 731 and the guide bar 733 is located above the receiving section 732.
  • the engaging portion 731 is hollow, and includes a hollow cylindrical base 734, and a plurality of ribs 7341 extending from the outer side of the base 734.
  • the ribs 7341 are just received in the recesses 331 of the sleeve 33, thereby making the movement
  • the member 73 has a horizontal lower surface 7342, the lower end of which is disposed obliquely from the lower surface 7342 to form two engaging portions 735 that respectively engage the support portion 723 of the active member 72.
  • the base 734 is from the lower surface 7342.
  • the second limiting portion 7343 extends axially downward to cooperate with the first limiting portion 727 of the driving member 72 to limit the rotation of the driving member 72.
  • the top portion of the engaging portion 735 is axially inclined to form a second meshing.
  • the surface 736, the second mating surface 736 is gradually increased in the counterclockwise direction, and is divided into a fast section 7361 and a low speed section 7362.
  • the fast section 7361 has a second rising angle
  • the low speed section 7362 has a third rising angle
  • the second rising The angle is greater than the third angle of elevation
  • the third angle of elevation is equal to the first angle of elevation of the first mating surface 725 such that the fast section 7361 can be engaged with the first mating surface 725 of the active member 72.
  • the driving member 73 is axially moved upward.
  • the receiving portion 732 of the driven member 73 is provided with a receiving cavity 737 for receiving the locking mechanism 6.
  • the driven member 73 has an opening 738 on one side and an opening 738 on the other side. There is an opening 739.
  • the locking mechanism 6 is housed in the receiving cavity 737 of the follower 73, and includes a locking member 61 and a second elastic member 62.
  • the locking member 61 is substantially plate-shaped, and includes a spherical head portion 61 1 on one side, two receiving holes 612 on the other side, and a locking hole 613 between the head portion 61 1 and the receiving hole 612.
  • the second elastic members 62 are also two, one end of which is received in the receiving hole 612 of the locking member 61, and the other end abuts against the top wall of the receiving cavity 735 of the receiving portion 732 of the follower 73.
  • the locking member 61 is mounted in the receiving cavity 735 of the follower 73 by the opening 738 of the follower 73, and the head 61 1 is just received in the opening 739 of the follower 73, and the locking member 61 is opposite to the head
  • One end of the portion 61 1 is axially tiltable with respect to the axis X of the output shaft 3, that is, pivoting in the axial direction with the head 61 1 as a pivot point.
  • a third elastic member 324 is axially disposed between the follower 73 and the output shaft 3.
  • the third elastic member 324 is sleeved on the guide rod 733, one end abuts against the upper surface of the receiving portion 732 of the driven member 73, and the other end receives and abuts against the blind hole 3 1 1 of the shaft body 31.
  • a fourth elastic member 714 is disposed between the driving member 71 and the vertical portion 22 of the head case 2.
  • the fourth elastic member 714 is abutted against the inner wall of the head casing 2, and the other end abuts against the main body 71 1 of the driving member 71. Still referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, the assembly process of some components in the head casing 2 of the multifunction machine 100 will be mainly described.
  • the driving member 72 of the driving mechanism 7 is mounted in the shaft seat 34 of the output shaft 3, and the first elastic member 726 is disposed between the inner sleeves 345 of the shaft seat 34; then, the sleeve 33 is mounted on the shaft seat 34, and fixed to the axle seat 34; then, the locking mechanism 6 will be mounted in the follower 73 of the drive mechanism 7, and the follower 73 will be engaged with the recess 33 1 of the sleeve 33 through the rib 7341,
  • the retainer 73 is mounted into the sleeve 33, and one end of the second elastic member 62 of the locking member 61 is mounted directly above the stopper portion 347 of the shaft seat 34 while the engaging portion 735 of the follower 73 is
  • the support member 725 of the driving member 72 corresponds to each other; then, the shaft cover 32 is first mounted and fixed on the sleeve 33, and then the shaft body 31 is mounted and fixed on the shaft cover 32; finally, the driving member 71 is self-contained
  • the drive mechanism 7 is capable of driving the locking mechanism 6 to switch between the locked position and the released position.
  • the fixing member 8 is clamped by the locking mechanism 6, thereby stably fixing the working head 5 to the output shaft 3.
  • the locking mechanism 6 releases the fixing member 8 so that the fixing member 8 can be removed from the output shaft 3, thereby removing the working head 5.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 a schematic view of the multifunction machine 100 in a first position, in which the locking mechanism 6 is in the release position.
  • the follower 73 is moved downward by a certain distance until the lower surface 7342 of the engaging portion 731 of the follower 73 abuts against the upper surface 724 of the body 721 of the active member 72.
  • the locking member 61 of the locking mechanism 6 is moved downward, it is blocked by the stopping portion 347 of the shaft seat 34, and finally the locking member 61 is in a horizontal position perpendicular to the axis X of the output shaft 3, and the locking member 61 is locked.
  • the inner surface of the tight hole 613 is disengaged from the outer surface of the stem portion 82 of the fixing member 8.
  • the locking member 61 is in the release position with respect to the fixing member 8, and the fixing member 8 can be removed from the locking member 61.
  • the working head 5 is first mounted on the receiving portion 341 of the output shaft 3, and then the fixing member 8 is passed through the center hole 5 1 1 of the working head 5 and the housing of the shaft seat 34.
  • the locking hole 613 of the locking member 61 is entered, and the top end of the fixing member 8 abuts against the bottom of the receiving portion 732 of the follower 73.
  • the above-mentioned release position is to drive the driving member 72 to rotate by a certain angle by externally driving the rotation of the external driving member 71 while overcoming the torsion of the fourth elastic member 714.
  • the release position although the external force is withdrawn, since the first limiting portion 727 of the active member 72 is engaged with the second limiting portion 7343 of the follower 73, the active member 72 is subjected to the torsion of the fourth elastic member 714, Still not able to swivel, keeping the locking mechanism 6 in the release position.
  • the locking mechanism 6 is in a state between the locking position and the release position, and the fixing member 8 has not been completely locked by the locking mechanism 6.
  • the user presses the pressing plate 81 of the fixing member 8, and the top end of the rod portion 82 drives the follower member 73 to move upward by a certain distance against the elastic force of the third elastic member 324.
  • the follower 73 simultaneously drives the locking mechanism 6 to move up.
  • the locking member 61 Under the elastic force of the second elastic member 62, the locking member 61 only moves the head 61 1 axially upward, so that the locking member 61 is opposite to the axis axis of the output shaft 3. Tilting, but the end of the locking member 61 opposite the head 61 1 in this position is not completely disengaged from the stopper portion 347 of the shaft seat 34, so that the locking member 61 has not completely locked the rod portion 82 of the fixing member 8.
  • the second limiting portion 7343 of the follower 73 is not completely axially complete with the first limiting portion 727 of the driving member 72.
  • the second limiting portion 7343 still limits the first limiting portion 727. Therefore, although the lower surface 7342 of the follower 73 is disengaged from the upper surface 724 of the driving member 72, the driving member 72 does not rotate under the counterclockwise torque of the first elastic member 726, and the active member 72 at this time
  • the first engaging surface 725 and the second engaging surface 736 of the follower 73 are axially spaced apart.
  • the multifunction machine 100 is in the third position, in which the locking mechanism 6 is in the locked position, and the fixing member 8 is completely locked by the locking mechanism 6.
  • the fixing member 8 is further pushed up, and the driven member 73 is further moved axially upward, so that the second limiting portion 7343 of the follower 73 is axially disengaged from the first limiting portion 727 of the driving member 7.
  • the counterclockwise rotation starts under the torque of the first elastic member 726.
  • the first engaging surface 725 of the driving member 72 first comes into contact with the fast segment 7361 of the second engaging surface 736 of the follower 73.
  • the first engaging surface 725 is engaged with the second engaging surface.
  • the quick section 7361 of the face 736 cooperates to urge the follower 73 to move axially upwardly to eliminate the axial spacing between the platen 81 of the fastener 8 and the mounting portion 51 of the working head 5.
  • the multi-function machine 100 is in a fourth position, in which the locking mechanism 6 is in the locked position, the fixing member 8 is completely locked by the locking mechanism 6, and the working head 5 is The fixing member 8 is axially clamped. Under the torsion of the first elastic member 726, the driving member 72 is further rotated counterclockwise, so that the pressing plate 81 of the fixing member 8 is tightly pressed against the mounting portion 5 1 of the working head 5 to be axially fixed.
  • the working head 5 disregard after the axial distance between the mounting portion 5 1 of the working head 5 and the pressing plate 81 of the fixing member 8 is completely eliminated, since the rod portion 82 of the fixing member 8 is clamped by the locking member 61, the driving member 72 At this time, the first engaging surface 725 of the driving member 72 is engaged with the low speed portion 7362 of the second engaging surface 736 of the follower 73.
  • the first engaging surface 725 has a smaller first rising angle. Set to 9 degrees, it can realize self-locking, and avoid loosening when the axial load of the working head 5 is too large.
  • the first rising angle of the first engaging surface 725 of the driving member 72 is not limited to 9 degrees, the material of the driving member 72 is steel or iron, and the friction coefficient of the first engaging surface 725 is 0.1 to 0.15. Therefore, the first angle of elevation can be self-locking between 1 1 and 17 degrees. Obviously, when the active member 72 is made of other materials, the range of the first rising angle will also change accordingly.
  • the clamping process of the multifunction machine 100 of the present embodiment has been described in detail, and the release process is reversed from the clamping process.
  • the notch 713 interferes with the protruding portion 722 of the driving member 72, thereby driving the driving member 72 to rotate clockwise.
  • the locking mechanism 6 is caused to move axially downward.
  • the end opposite to the head 61 1 is blocked by the stopping portion 347 of the shaft seat 34, and finally the locking member 61 is at a level perpendicular to the axis X of the output shaft 3.
  • the fixing member 8 is moved downward, and finally the fixing member 8 is pushed out from the output shaft 3 by a certain distance, so that the fixing member 8 can be easily taken out from the output shaft 3.
  • the power tool 100 of the present embodiment is provided with a driving mechanism 7 having an active member 72 and a follower 73, and the active member 72 and the follower 73 are respectively provided with a matching first engaging surface 725 and Second engagement surface 736.
  • the driving member 72 reciprocates around the axis X of the output shaft 3
  • the driven member 73 can be axially moved up and down by the cooperation of the engaging surfaces of the two engaging surfaces, thereby locking or releasing the fixing member 8 by the locking mechanism 6.
  • the structure is convenient to operate, and after the lifting angle of the first engaging surface 725 is set to a certain range, self-locking can be realized, thereby ensuring the stability of work.
  • the driving member can be automatically rotated from the releasing position to the locking position when the fixing member is mounted, thereby saving the operation steps.
  • the type is specifically related to a multifunction machine, which differs from the multifunction machine 100 of the first embodiment in its drive mechanism 10, and the other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the driving mechanism 10 includes an active member 11, a follower 12 in which the active member 11 is engaged, and a first elastic member 13.
  • the multifunction machine further includes an output shaft 14, a fixing member 15, a working head 16 mounted on the output shaft 14 via the fixing member 15, and a locking mechanism 17 housed in the driven member 12.
  • the output shaft 14 is provided with a shaft seat 141, and the driving member 11 is mounted in the shaft seat 141, and the follower 12 is axially disposed above the driving member 11.
  • the end of the shaft seat 141 is provided with a receiving portion 142, and the working head 16 is clamped between the receiving portion 142 and the fixing member 15.
  • the locking mechanism 17 includes a locking member 171 and a second elastic member 172 mounted between the locking member 171 and the driven member 12. The locking mechanism 17 is acted upon by the driving mechanism 10 and can be in the locked position and released. The position is moved to clamp or release the fixing member 15.
  • a third elastic member (not shown) is further disposed between the follower 12 and the output shaft 14 in the axial direction. When the fixing member 15 is mounted in the output shaft 14, the driven member 12 is driven to overcome the third elasticity. The elastic force of the piece moves axially upward.
  • the drive mechanism 10 can also switch the locking mechanism 17 between the locked position and the released position without the need of other auxiliary tools, and can rigidly support the lock in the locked position.
  • the tightening mechanism 17 prevents the distance between the locking mechanism 17 and the receiving portion of the output shaft 14 from being compressed. Therefore, when the load is large, the locking mechanism 17 and the fixing member 15 are axially moved downward, so that the working head 16 is loosened, the stability of the entire tool is ensured, and the working efficiency of the working head 16 is improved.
  • the driving member 11 is provided with a first engaging surface 111, and the follower 12 is provided with a second engaging surface 121 which cooperates with the first engaging surface 111. Unlike the first embodiment, the first engaging surface 111 and the second engaging surface 121 are both planar and perpendicular to the axis X2 of the output shaft 14.
  • the driving member 11 is further provided with a first recessed portion 112 having a certain height difference from the first engaging surface 111 in the axial direction, and the second recessed portion 122 corresponding to the first recessed portion 112 is correspondingly disposed on the driven member 12.
  • the second recessed portion 122 also has a certain height difference in the axial direction from the second mating surface 121.
  • the driving member 11 is provided with a projection 113 for externally biasing, and the projection 113 can drive the driving member 11 to rotate relative to the axis X2.
  • the locking mechanism 17 is in the locked position.
  • the first engaging surface 111 of the driving member 11 just opposes and meshes with the second engaging surface 121 of the follower 12, and the follower 12 is supported by the driving member 11 at a relatively high axial position.
  • the locking member 171 is in a position inclined with respect to the axis X2 by the second elastic member 172, thereby clamping the fixing member 15.
  • the first engaging surface 111 and the second engaging surface 121 are misaligned.
  • the follower 12 is axially moved downward to switch the locking mechanism 17 from the locked position to the released position.
  • the locking mechanism 17 is in the release position. In this position, the first engaging surface 1 1 1 of the driving member 1 1 and the first recessed portion 1 12 are respectively engaged with the second engaging surface 121 and the second recessed portion 122 of the follower 12, and the follower 12 is driven by the active member II Supported in a relatively low axial position. Despite the elastic force of the first elastic member 13, since the active member 11 is restrained by the follower 12, it is impossible to rotate counterclockwise. The locking member 71 is blocked by the stopper 143 on the shaft seat 141 and rotated to a horizontal position perpendicular to the axis X2, thereby releasing the fixing member 15. At this time, the fixing member 15 can be removed from the output shaft 14 and the working head 16 can be finally removed.
  • the working head 16 When the working head 16 is mounted, the working head 16 is first mounted on the receiving portion 142 of the output shaft 14, and then the fixing member 15 is inserted through the working head 16, inserted into the output shaft 14, and the fixing member 15 is finally held to the slave. Moving member 12. Continue to axially press the fixing member 16 6 to drive the follower 12 against the elastic force of the third elastic member, and move axially upward by a certain distance, so that the second engaging surface 121 and the second recess portion 122 of the follower 12 and the active member The first engaging surface 1 1 1 of the 1 1 is disengaged from the first recessed portion 1 12 .
  • the follower 12 is disengaged from the driving member 1 1 in the axial direction, and the driving member 1 1 is automatically rotated counterclockwise to its initial position under the elastic force of the first elastic member 13 even if the locking device 17 is released.
  • the position returns to the locked position, thereby clamping the fixing member 15, and the working head 16 is stably fixed to the output shaft 14.
  • the drive mechanism 10 can switch the locking mechanism 17 between the locking position and the release position without requiring other auxiliary tools, thereby facilitating installation or disassembly work. Head 16.
  • the driving member 1 1 rigidly supports the follower 12, and the locking mechanism 17 is mounted in the driven member 12, so that the locking mechanism 17 is rigidly supported by the driving mechanism 10, and the working head can be prevented. 16 When the load is too large, it appears loose and slips.
  • the locking mechanism 17 is not limited to the use of the locking member 171 and the second elastic member 172. Those skilled in the art can easily think of other structures, such as those adopted in the background art. This will not be repeated here.
  • the active members of the drive mechanism are each rotated about the axis of the output shaft such that the follower moves axially to move the drive mechanism between the first engaged position and the second engaged position.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above structure, and the drive mechanism of the present invention may employ other configurations such as a driving member that rotates perpendicularly to a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the embodiment is specifically a multi-function machine 900, including a head case 90, an output shaft 91 mounted in the head case 90, a locking mechanism 92, and a driving locking mechanism 92.
  • a drive mechanism 93 that moves between the locked position and the released position, the working head 94, and the working head 94 are fixed at A fixing member 95 at the end of the output shaft 91.
  • the drive mechanism 93 is moveable between a first mating position and a second mating position to move the locking mechanism 92 between the locked position and the released position.
  • the driving mechanism 93 is further provided with a first elastic member 930. When the locking mechanism 92 is moved from the releasing position to the locking position, the first elastic member 930 automatically returns the driving mechanism 93 from the second fitting position to the first fitting position.
  • the fixing member 95 has a pressing plate 95 1 and a rod portion 952 extending upward from the center axial direction of the pressing plate 95 1 .
  • the driving mechanism 93 is in the second mating position, and the locking mechanism 92 is in the releasing position, and the rod portion 952 of the fixing member 95 is not clamped by the locking mechanism 92, and the fixing member 95 can be removed from the output shaft 91. Thereby the working head 94 is detached.
  • the driving mechanism 93 is in the first fitting position, and the locking mechanism 93 is in the locking position, at which time the rod portion 952 of the fixing member 95 is clamped by the locking mechanism 92, thereby the working head 94. Stably clamped between the output shaft 91 and the fixing member 95.
  • the present embodiment is substantially the same as the locking mechanism, the fixing member, and the working head in the foregoing two embodiments, and differs mainly in the driving mechanism and the output shaft.
  • the output shaft 91 has an axis X3 , specifically including a shaft body 91 1 , a shaft cover 912 , a sleeve 913 and a shaft seat 914 which are disposed in the axial direction, wherein the sleeve 913 is substantially In the hollow cylindrical shape, two through holes 915 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the sleeve 913.
  • the shaft seat 914 is provided with a stop portion 916 extending axially, and the bottom portion of the shaft seat 914 is a receiving portion 917 for mounting the work head 94.
  • the locking mechanism 92 specifically includes a locking member 921 and a second elastic member 922 supported at the end of the locking member 921.
  • the locking member 921 has a locking hole 923 at a central portion thereof.
  • the driving mechanism 93 specifically includes a driving member 93 1 , an driving member 932 and a follower 933 .
  • the driving member 932 and the follower 933 are disposed between the locking mechanism 93 and the receiving portion 917 of the output shaft 93.
  • the first elastic member 930 is disposed. Connected to the active member 932.
  • the driving member 93 1 can drive the driving member 932 to pivot about a straight line perpendicular to the axis X3 of the output shaft 91, thereby driving the follower 933 to move up and down by the driving member 932.
  • the driving member 931 is substantially U-shaped and has opposite arm portions 934. The free ends of the arms 934 are provided with U-shaped slots 9341.
  • the active member 932 has an axis X4 perpendicular to the axis X3 including a cylindrical shaft portion 935 extending along the axis X4 and a cam portion 936 coupled to the end of the shaft portion 935. The other end of the shaft portion 935 opposite to the cam portion 936 is formed with a flat portion 935 1 housed in the U-shaped groove 9341 of the driving member 93 1 .
  • the cam portion 936 is substantially fan-shaped and has a flat shape substantially perpendicular to the axis X4.
  • the lower end 9361 is closer to the axis X4 and the high end 9362 is farther from the axis X4.
  • the low end 9361 and the high end 9362 are common.
  • a first engaging surface 9363 is formed, and the first engaging surface 9363 is a cam surface.
  • the active members 932 have two and are symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis X3. When assembled, the two shaft portions 935 are mounted in the through holes 915 on both sides of the sleeve 913 and are rotatable about the axis X4, and the two cam portions 936 are received inside the sleeve 91 3 .
  • the two flat portions 935 1 of the driving member 932 are respectively received in the slots 9341 of the driving member 93 1 , so that when the driving member 93 1 is rotated, the driving member 932 can be rotated by the cooperation of the flat portion 9351 and the slot 9341.
  • a first elastic member 930 is disposed between each of the driving members 932 and the shaft base 914. When the driving mechanism 93 is in the second engaging position, the first elastic member 930 is stretched by the driving member 932 by a certain length, so that the driving mechanism can be driven. 93 automatically returns from the second mating position to the first mating position.
  • the follower 933 is housed in the boss 913 and is axially located above the cam portion 936 of the active member 932.
  • the follower 933 is generally "T" shaped and includes a flat engagement section 937 at the top and a receiving section 938 below the mating section 937.
  • the engaging section 937 is perpendicular to the axis X3, and has a circular cross section perpendicular to the axis X3, and the two sides are respectively protruded from the receiving section 938 by a distance, thereby forming engaging portions 9371 respectively engaged with the cam portions 936 of the driving member 932.
  • the two engaging portions 9371 are axially supported above the cam portion 936 of the driving member 932, and the bottom portion of the engaging portion 9371 is formed with a second engaging surface 9372 that cooperates with the first engaging surface 9363 of the cam portion 936.
  • the second meshing portion Face 9372 is specifically a plane perpendicular to axis X3.
  • the accommodating section 938 has a hollow column shape and is internally provided with a receiving cavity 9381 for receiving the locking mechanism 92.
  • the drive mechanism 93 further includes a third elastic member 939 provided between the follower 933 and the shaft cover 912 of the output shaft 91 so that the follower 933 can be axially moved when it is driven by an external force.
  • the follower 933 can be moved upward by the rotation of the driving member 932 against the elastic force of the third elastic member 939. It is also possible to urge the follower 933 axially upward by the fixing member 95 while the driving mechanism 93 is in the open position by axially pressing the fixing member 95.
  • the counter drive member 93 1 is rotated counterclockwise about the axis X4 to move the entire drive mechanism 93 between the open position and the closed position, thereby causing the locking mechanism 92 to switch between the release position and the locked position.
  • the fixing member 95 is released or locked to disassemble or mount the working head 94.
  • the driving member 93 1 rotates, the engagement of the driving member 932 by the engagement of the slot 9341 and the flat portion 935 1 causes the driving member 932 to rotate, so that the first engaging surface 9363 of the driving member 932 and the second engaging surface 9372 of the follower 933 are engaged with each other.
  • the driving mechanism 93 is in the second mating position, the locking mechanism 92 is in the releasing position, and the rod portion 952 of the fixing member 95 is not clamped, so that the fixing member 95 can be removed from the output shaft 91.
  • the driving member 93 1 is substantially perpendicular to the output shaft 91, and the lower end 9361 of the cam portion 936 of the driving member 932 supports the engaging portion 9371 of the follower 933.
  • the follower 933 is axially moved down to a lower position, so that the locking mechanism 92 is in the released position.
  • the locking member 921 is blocked by the stopper 916, and after compressing the second elastic member 922, it moves to a horizontal position perpendicular to the axis X3, thereby releasing the stem portion 952 of the fixing member 95.
  • the rod portion 952 of the fixing member 95 can be inserted into or detached from the output shaft 91, so that the working head 94 can be attached or detached.
  • the fixing member 95 when the working head 94 is mounted, the fixing member 95 needs to be inserted into the inside of the output shaft 91.
  • the fixing member 95 moves the driven member 933 axially upward by a certain distance during the axial insertion.
  • the driving member 932 automatically rotates counterclockwise, thereby driving the driving member 93 1 to rotate substantially 90 degrees counterclockwise, so that the driving mechanism 93 is rotated by the second matching position shown in FIG. Moving to the first mating position ultimately causes the locking mechanism 92 to be in the locked position.
  • the locking mechanism 92 is rigidly supported by the drive mechanism 93, and the distance between the locking mechanism 92 and the receiving portion 917 of the output shaft 91 remains unchanged.
  • the rod portion 952 of the fixing member 95 is clamped, and the working head 94 is stably held between the pressing plate 95 1 of the fixing member 95 and the shaft seat 914 of the output shaft 91.
  • the driving member 932 is rotated counterclockwise about its axis X4 , so that the first engaging surface 9363 of the cam portion 936 and the second engaging surface 9372 of the follower 933 are relatively slid, and the meshing position is sequentially from the cam portion.
  • the lower end 9361 of the 936 is moved to the high end 9362 so that the follower 933 overcomes the elastic force of the second elastic member 922 and moves axially upward by a certain distance.
  • the follower 933 simultaneously drives the locking mechanism 92 to move upward, disengaging the locking member 921 from the stopping portion 916, and returns to the inclined position relative to the axis X3 under the action of the third elastic member 939, thereby clamping and fixing The stem 952 of the piece 95.
  • the driving mechanism 93 When the driving mechanism 93 is in the closed position, the high end 9362 of the cam portion 936 of the driving member 932 supports the second engaging surface 9372 of the follower 933. Since the first engaging surface 9363 is a cam surface, under certain conditions, the first cam surface The self-locking is formed between the 9363 and the second engaging surface 9372, so that the looseness of the fixing member 95 can be avoided, and the working head 94 can be stably clamped.
  • the locking mechanism 92 can be switched between the release position and the locking position, so that it can be disassembled or removed without the use of other auxiliary tools.
  • the working head 94 is installed.
  • the active member 932 and the follower 933 in the embodiment are both made of a rigid material, so that the locking mechanism 92 can be rigidly supported at the locking position, thereby ensuring The fixing member 95 does not loosen in order to stably fix the working head 94.
  • the power tool of the present invention mainly converts the driving mechanism between the first mating position and the second mating position by providing the oppositely moving active member and the driven member.
  • the locking mechanism is moved between a locked position and a released position. In the locked position, the fixing member is clamped to the output shaft to securely mount the working head; in the released position, the fixing member can be removed from the output shaft to detach the working head from the output shaft.
  • the first engaging surface and the second engaging surface which can cooperate with each other can be disposed on the driving member and the driven member.
  • the active member can be rotated relative to the follower, and the first engaging surface can be set as a cam surface, a flat surface or a slope surface, or other curved surface capable of self-locking.
  • the driving mechanism is further connected with a first elastic member on the active member, which can automatically reset the active member to the initial position after the active member is moved, so that the driving mechanism can automatically restore the locking mechanism from the release position under certain conditions. To the locked position.
  • the power tool of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the driving mechanism is not limited to a metal material, and a non-metal material may also be used.
  • the driving member is also not limited to the rotational movement with respect to the follower, but may be moved relative to the driven member as long as the follower can be moved axially upward.
  • the driving member or the driven member is not limited to being respectively provided with the first engaging surface and the second engaging surface, as long as one of the driving member or the driven member is provided with the first engaging surface, and the other is provided with a point that cooperates with the engaging surface, Line can be.
  • a power tool is specifically a multi-function machine 4100, which includes a casing 41 0 extending in a longitudinal direction and connected to a front end of the casing 41 0 (defined as a front end on the left side of FIG. 20).
  • a motor (not shown) is disposed in the casing 410, and a switch 413 is further disposed on the casing 410 to control the opening or closing of the motor.
  • the head case 41 1 includes a horizontal portion 41 1 1 connected to the casing 41 0 and disposed along the horizontal direction in Fig. 20 and a vertical portion 41 12 extending substantially vertically downward from the end of the horizontal portion 41 1 1 .
  • the output shaft 412 is disposed in a vertical direction, one end of which is mounted in the head case 41 1 and the other end extends downward from the vertical portion 41 12 of the head case 41 1 and can be reciprocally oscillated about its longitudinal axis XI. Movement, the direction of the swing is shown by the double arrow in Figure 20.
  • an eccentric member (not shown) and a fork assembly 41 13 commonly used in the swing machine are also provided to convert the rotational output torque of the motor into the swing output of the output shaft 412. Torque.
  • the rotation of the eccentric member is performed by cooperation with the fork assembly 41 13
  • the motion is converted into an oscillating motion of the output shaft 412 relative to the axis XI, and the swing angle is between about 0.5 and 7 degrees, and the swing frequency range can be set from about 5,000 to 30,000 times per minute.
  • the working head 414 is mounted on the free end of the output shaft 412.
  • the working head 414 is a straight saw blade in the present embodiment.
  • the working head 414 can be driven along the output shaft 4 12 along the FIG.
  • the double arrow direction does the swinging motion.
  • the output shaft 412 rotates reciprocatingly about its own axis X I in operation, thereby generating a large abrupt torque in both directions of the swing. Therefore, a very large axial clamping force is required to ensure that the above-described working head 414 is held on the output shaft 412 under all operating conditions, without slippage affecting work efficiency or inoperability.
  • the multifunction machine 41 00 includes a driving mechanism 415 disposed in the head case 41 1 , and the fixing member 413 includes a pressing portion 413 1 disposed at an end of the output shaft 41 2 .
  • the driving mechanism 415 is movable between the first mating position and the second mating position.
  • the pressing portion 413 1 of the fixing member 413 presses the working head 414 against the output shaft 412;
  • the position is such that a gap is formed between the pressing portion 413 1 of the fixing member 413 and the working head 414 to release the working head 414 from the output shaft 412.
  • the output shaft 412 is for transmitting the output torque to the working head 414.
  • the output shaft 412 is hollow, is received in the vertical portion 41 12 of the head casing 41 1 , and is axially supported by the ball bearing mounted in parallel in the head casing 41 1 . 41 14 and the oil seal bearing 41 15 .
  • the output shaft 412 is a split type, and specifically includes a shaft body 4121 and a shaft seat 4122 connected below the shaft body 4121, and the two are not rotatable relative to each other to transmit the rotational torque.
  • the shaft body 412 1 is divided into three sections: the upper section 4 123, the middle section 4124 and the lower section 4125, and the three sections are all cylindrical and the diameter increases from top to bottom.
  • the oil seal bearing 41 1 5 is mounted on the upper section 4123, and the ball bearing 41 14 is mounted on the middle section 4124.
  • the lower portion 4125 is hollow, and has two symmetrically disposed ears 41251 extending radially outward from one end of the middle portion 4124, and an elongated guiding groove 41252 is circumferentially opened above the ear portion 4125 1 .
  • the shaft seat 4122 is located below the shaft body 4121 and has a receiving portion 4126.
  • the receiving portion 4126 includes a circular bottom wall 41261, a hollow cylindrical outer casing 41262 extending axially upward from an outer edge of the bottom wall 41261, and a bottom wall 41261
  • the lower surface has a plurality of circumferentially distributed studs 41263 extending axially downward.
  • the shaft seat 4122 further includes a hollow cylindrical inner sleeve 4127 extending upward from a middle portion of the bottom wall 41261 of the receiving portion 4126, and a receiving hole penetrating through the bottom wall 41261 and the inner sleeve 4127 of the receiving portion 4126. 4128.
  • the inner wall of the outer casing 41262 of the receiving portion 4126 is symmetrically formed with two axially disposed grooves 41264 for accommodating the two ear portions 41251 of the shaft body 4121, and the shaft body 4121 is restrained by the cooperation of the groove 41264 and the ear portion 41251.
  • the relative rotation of the shaft seat 4122 to transmit the rotational torque.
  • the working head 414 is a straight saw blade, and it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the working head 414 can also be other accessories such as a circular saw blade, a sanding disc, a scraper, and the like.
  • the working head 414 is laterally disposed, and has a flat mounting portion 4141 for mounting on the output shaft 412, a cutting portion 4142 for cutting, and a connecting portion 4143 between the mounting portion 4141 and the cutting portion 4142.
  • a mounting hole 4144 is defined in the mounting portion 4141, and a plurality of mounting holes 4145 are formed in the periphery of the central hole 4144 to engage with the studs 41263 of the output shaft 412.
  • the end of the mounting portion 4141 away from the connecting portion 4143 is further provided with a notch 4146 that communicates with the center hole 4144, so that the working head 414 can be mounted through the fixing member 413 from one side of the output shaft 412 through the notch 4146.
  • the fixture 413 is used to press the working head 414 against the receiving portion 4126 of the output shaft 412 to secure the working head 414; or to release the working head 414 to detach the working head 414 from the output shaft 412.
  • the fixing member 413 passes through the receiving hole 4128 of the output shaft 412, and is engaged with the driving mechanism 415 to be fixed to the output shaft 412 so as to be axially movable.
  • the fixing member 413 specifically includes an annular pressing portion 4131 at the bottom portion and an elongated rod portion 4132 extending axially upward from a central portion of the pressing portion 4131.
  • the end of the rod portion 4132 is provided with a radially outwardly extending extension.
  • the portion 4133 is coupled to the drive mechanism 415.
  • the pressing portion 4131 is provided separately from the rod portion 4132, and is detachably connected by a screw. Obviously, the pressing portion 4131 and the rod portion 4132 can also be integrally provided.
  • the fixing member 413 is fixedly disposed with respect to the driving mechanism 415.
  • the fixing member 413 can be axially moved up and down, so that the pressing portion of the fixing member 413 is pressed. 4131 compresses or releases the working head 414.
  • the driving mechanism 415 includes a movable member 4151 and a fitting member 4152 which are movable relative to each other.
  • the driving mechanism 4151 is moved to convert the driving mechanism 415 between the first engaging position and the second engaging position, thereby driving the fixing member 413 to move up and down axially. So that the pressing portion 4131 of the fixing member 413 presses or releases the working head 414.
  • the fixing member 413 In the first mating position, the fixing member 413 can be supported by one of the driving member 4151 and the matching member 4152 to be axially fixed. In the present embodiment, the fixing member 413 is specifically supported by the fitting member 4152.
  • the driving mechanism 415 includes an active member 4151 and a fitting member 4152 located above the driving member 4151.
  • the driving member 4151 and the engaging member 4152 are respectively mounted in the output shaft 412, and are specifically received in the receiving space formed by the shaft body 4121 and the shaft seat 4122.
  • the fixing member 413 is supported on the fitting member 4152, and the driving member 4151 is relatively driven. When the axis XI of the shaft 412 rotates, the driving engagement member 4152 moves axially, and the fitting member 4152 further drives the fixing member 413 to move axially.
  • the driving member 4151 is machined from a rigid material, and includes a hollow cylindrical body 4153, two projections 4154 extending from the body 4153, and two first engaging portions 4155.
  • the two protrusions 4154 extend radially outward from the top of the body 4153 and are inserted into the corresponding guiding grooves 41252 of the shaft body 4121.
  • the two protrusions 4154 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis XI.
  • the body 4153 has a horizontal upper surface 41531.
  • the two first engaging portions 4155 extend axially upward from the upper surface 41531 of the body 4153, and are also disposed symmetrically in the center.
  • the first engaging portion 4155 is adjacent to the projection 4154, and the top portion of the first engaging portion 4155 is axially inclined to form an end face cam, and the top portion is a first engaging surface 41551.
  • the first engaging surface 41551 is gradually raised in the clockwise direction to have a first rising angle.
  • a first elastic member 4156 is disposed between the driving member 4151 and the outer sleeve 41262 of the axle housing 4122. The first elastic member 4156 is abutted against the outer sleeve 41262, and the other end abuts against the driving member 4151, thereby rotating the driving member 4151. After that, it will automatically return to the initial position.
  • a first limiting portion 41532 is disposed on the upper surface 41531 of the body 4153 to cooperate with the fitting member 4152.
  • the driving mechanism 415 is in the second mating position, although the driving member 4151 is subjected to the torsion of the first elastic member 4156, the driving member 4151 cannot be rotated by the first limiting portion 41532.
  • the first limiting portion 41532 is specifically a groove formed from the upper surface 41531.
  • the fitting 4152 is also machined from a rigid material that is mounted axially above the active member 4151.
  • the fitting member 4152 is hollow, and includes a hollow cylindrical base body 41521, a top wall 41522 located above the base body 41521, and a ridge rib 41523 extending outward from the outer side of the base body 41521.
  • the corresponding rib 41523 on the inner side wall of the lower portion 4125 of the shaft body 4121 is provided with a recess (not shown), and the rib 41523 is received in the corresponding recess so that the engaging member 4152 is non-rotatable with respect to the output shaft 412.
  • the middle portion of the top wall 41522 is provided with a hollow recess 41524.
  • the rod portion 4132 of the fixing member 413 passes through the recess portion 41524 of the fitting member 4152 from the top to the bottom.
  • the holding portion 4133 of the fixing member 413 is just received in the recess portion 41524 and is
  • the recess 41524 is supported so that the fixing member 413 is supported by the fitting member 4152, and the fitting member 4152 can drive the fixing member 413 to move axially.
  • the mating member 4152 has a horizontal lower surface 41525, the lower end of which is disposed obliquely from the lower surface 41525 to form two second engaging portions 41526 that respectively engage the first engaging portion 4155 of the driving member 4151.
  • the base body 41521 extends downwardly from the lower surface 41525 to extend downwardly with a second limiting portion 41527 to cooperate with the first limiting portion 41532 of the driving member 4151 to limit the rotation of the driving member 4151.
  • the top of the second engaging portion 41526 is axially inclined to form an end face cam, and the top is a second engaging face 41528.
  • the second engaging surface 41528 is gradually raised in the counterclockwise direction, has a second rising angle, the second rising angle and the driving member 4151 The first rising angles are equal so that the driving member 4151 can be stably rotated relative to the fitting member 4152.
  • the multi-function machine 4100 further includes an operating mechanism 416.
  • the manual driving mechanism 4151 is driven to rotate relative to the engaging member 4152 about the axis XI, so that the driving mechanism 415 is in the first mating position and the second mating position. Move between.
  • the operating mechanism 416 specifically includes a driving member 4161 mounted on the output shaft 412, a guiding member 4162 mounted on the driving member 4161, a push rod 4163, a dial 4164 connected to the push rod 4163, and a driving member 4161 and a head.
  • a second elastic member 4165 between the shells 411.
  • the push button 4164 is manually pushed, and the push button 4164 drives the driving member 4161 to rotate relative to the guide member 4162 through the push rod 4163.
  • the driving member 4161 is substantially a hollow cylinder and is sleeved on the lower portion 4125 of the shaft body 4121 so as to be rotatable about the axis XI.
  • the driving member 4161 includes a first column body 41611 located at an upper portion and a second column body 41412 having a larger outer diameter at a lower portion.
  • the outer wall of the first column body 41611 is spaced apart from the first groove 41613 and the second portion disposed axially.
  • the second cylinder 41612 is provided with two symmetrically disposed driving grooves 41615 from the bottom thereof to cooperate with the projections 4154 of the driving member 4151.
  • One end of the second elastic member 4165 is received in the first groove 41613 of the first cylinder 41611, and the other end is fixed on the head case 411.
  • the guiding member 4162 is annular and sleeved on the first cylinder 41611 of the driving member 4161, and is provided with a sliding groove 41621 provided on the circumference.
  • the push rod 4163 includes a vertically arranged curved sheet-shaped positioning portion 41631, a guide rod portion 41632 extending horizontally from the positioning portion 41631, and a pin 41633 connecting the dial 4164 to the free end of the guide rod portion 41632, positioning The portion 41631 is received in the second slot 41614 of the first cylinder 41161 of the driving member 4161, and the guide portion 41632 passes through the sliding slot 41621 of the guiding member 44162.
  • a third axial direction is provided between the rod portion 4132 of the fixing member 413 and the shaft body 4121 of the output shaft 412.
  • Elastic member 4134 is sleeved on the top end of the rod portion 4132, and one end abuts against the holding portion 4133 of the fixing member 413, and the other end abuts against the top wall of the lower portion 4125 of the shaft body 4121.
  • the driving member 4151 of the driving mechanism 415 is installed in the shaft seat 4122 of the output shaft 412, and the first elastic member 4156 is disposed between the shaft seat 4122 and the driving member 4151; then, the fitting member 4152 is mounted to the driving member.
  • the second engaging portion 41526 of the engaging member 4152 corresponds to the first engaging portion 4155 of the driving member 4151; then, the rod portion 4132 of the fixing member 413 is inserted into the fitting member 4152 from the top to the bottom to make the fixing member
  • the retaining portion 4133 of the 413 is received in the recessed portion 41524 of the engaging member 4152 and has an interference fit.
  • the fixing member 413 is axially supported by the engaging member 4152.
  • the end of the rod portion 4132 extends out of the output shaft 412, and the pressing member 413 is pressed.
  • Holding part 4131 threaded on the rod The end of the portion 4132; then, the third elastic member 4134 is sleeved on the upper end of the rod portion 4132 of the fixing member 413, so that the third elastic member 4134 ends against the holding portion 4133, and the other end abuts against the lower portion of the shaft body 4121
  • the driving member 4161 of the operating mechanism 416 is sleeved on the lower portion 4125 of the shaft body 4121, and the button 4164 and the push rod 4163 and the guiding member 4162 are combined and then sleeved on the driving member.
  • the positioning portion 41631 of the push rod 4163 is correspondingly received in the second slot 41614 of the first cylinder 41611, and the two protruding portions 4154 of the driving member 4151 are respectively located at the driving member 4161.
  • the two driving grooves 41615 are here; at this point, the assembly of the main components in the head case 411 is completed.
  • the operating mechanism 416 enables the drive mechanism 415 to be moved between the first mating position and the second mating position. In the second mating position, the working head 414 can be inserted from one side, and the notch 4146 of the working head 414 passes through the ankle portion.
  • the rod portion 4132 of the fixing member 413 is positioned in the center hole 4144 of the working head 414, and the mounting portion 4141 of the working head 414 is located between the pressing portion 4131 of the fixing member 413 and the receiving portion 4126 of the output shaft 412.
  • the fixing member 413 is axially moved upward to reduce the distance between the pressing portion 4131 and the bottom wall 41261 of the receiving portion 4126, and finally the pressing portion 4131
  • the mounting portion 4141 of the working head 414 is pressed between the pressing portion 4131 and the receiving portion 4126, and the working head 414 is fixed.
  • the fixing member 413 is axially moved downward, and the distance between the pressing portion 4131 and the bottom wall 41261 of the receiving portion 4126 is increased, and the working head 414 is moved.
  • the mounting portion 4141 is released, and the working head 414 can be detached from the output shaft 412 from one side.
  • the multifunction machine 4100 is in a first state, in which the drive mechanism 415 is in the second mating position.
  • the driving member 4151 overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic member 4156, and is rotated clockwise relative to the fitting member 4152.
  • the first engaging portion 4155 of the driving member 4151 and the second engaging portion 41526 of the engaging member 4152 are completely staggered.
  • the first elastic member 4156 is compressed.
  • the fitting member 4152 is axially moved downward by a certain distance until the lower surface 41525 of the fitting member 4152 abuts against the upper surface 41531 of the driving member 4151.
  • the second limiting portion 41527 of the engaging member 4152 is received in the first limiting portion 41532 of the driving member 4151, so that the driving member 4151 can be restricted from rotating counterclockwise under the action of the first elastic member 4156.
  • the fixing member 413 is in the release position, the pressing portion 4131 and the receiving portion
  • the distance between the intervals of 4126 is greater than the thickness of the mounting portion 4141 of the working head 414, and therefore, the working head 414 can be mounted to or detached from the output shaft 412 from one side.
  • the first mating position of the driving mechanism 415 is to drive the operating mechanism 416 by an external force to drive the driving member 4151 to rotate at a certain angle while overcoming the torsion of the first elastic member 4156.
  • the driving member 4151 is still subjected to the torsion of the first elastic member 4156. It is not possible to rotate counterclockwise so that the fixing member 413 is held in the release position.
  • the multifunction machine 4100 is in a second state, in which the driving mechanism 415 is between the first mating position and the second mating position.
  • the user presses the holding member 4131 of the fixing member 413, and the rod portion 4132 is axially moved upward by a certain distance by the elastic portion of the third elastic member 4134 against the elastic force of the third elastic member 4134.
  • the pressing portion 4131 of the fixing member 413 is not pressed yet.
  • the mounting portion 4141 of the working head 414 is tightened.
  • the fitting member 4152 is axially moved upward by a certain distance, the second limiting portion 41527 of the fitting member 4152 is not yet connected to the first limiting portion of the driving member 4151.
  • the 41532 is completely disengaged in the axial direction, and the second limiting portion 41527 still limits the first limiting portion 41532. Therefore, the driving member 4151 still does not rotate under the counterclockwise torque of the first elastic member 4156. At this time, the first engaging surface 41151 of the driving member 4151 and the second engaging surface 41528 of the engaging member 4152 are axially aligned. Form a certain distance.
  • the multifunction machine 4100 is in a third state, in which case the driving mechanism 415 is still between the first mating position and the second mating position.
  • the fixing member 413 is pushed up further, and the engaging member 4152 is further moved axially upward to completely disengage the second limiting portion 41527 of the engaging member 4152 from the first limiting portion 41532 of the driving member 4151.
  • the counterclockwise rotation is started under the torque of the first elastic member 4156.
  • the driving member 4151 rotates relative to the engaging member 4152 about the axis XI, and the driving engagement member 4152 is axially moved upward by the cooperation of the first engaging surface 41551 and the second engaging surface 41528.
  • the pressing portion 4131 has not yet pressed the mounting portion 4141, and the working head 414 is still not Clamping.
  • the multi-function machine 4100 is in a fourth state, in which the driving mechanism 415 is in the first mating position, and the working head 414 is clamped on the pressing portion 4131 and the output shaft of the fixing member 413.
  • the driving member 4151 is further rotated counterclockwise so that the pressing portion 4131 of the fixing member 413 closely presses the mounting portion 4141 of the working head 414 to axially fix the working head 414.
  • the driving member 4151 stops rotating.
  • the first angle of the first engaging surface 41951 is smaller, and is set to 9 degrees, so that the first engaging surface 41151 of the driving member 4151 can be engaged with the second engaging surface 41528 of the fitting 4152. The self-locking is realized upward, and when the axial load received by the working head 45 is too large, looseness occurs.
  • the driving member 4151 is rotationally moved by a distance greater than the axially upward displacement of the fitting member 4152 to ensure the active member in the first mating position.
  • a self-locking can be formed between the 4151 and the fitting 4152.
  • the first rising angle of the first engaging surface 41051 of the driving member 4151 is not limited to 9 degrees
  • the material of the driving member 4151 is steel or iron
  • the friction coefficient of the first engaging surface 14551 is 0.1 to 0.15.
  • the first angle of elevation can be self-locking between 9 and 17 degrees.
  • the active member 4151 is made of other materials, the range of the first rising angle will change accordingly.
  • the first engaging surface 41051 and the second engaging surface 41528 rotate relative to each other, so that the engaging member 4152 is axially moved downward under the elastic force of the third elastic member 4134 until the fitting member 4152
  • the second limiting portion 41527 is inserted into the first limiting portion 41532 of the driving member 4151 such that the lower surface 41525 of the fitting 4152 abuts against the upper surface 41531 of the driving member 4151.
  • the fixing member 413 is axially moved downward, and finally the fixing member 413 is pushed out from the output shaft 412 by a certain distance, so that the pressing portion 4131 and the mounting portion 4141 of the working head 414 are A gap is formed therebetween, and the working head 414 is released, so that the working head 414 can be detached from the output shaft 412.
  • the multi-function machine 4100 of the present embodiment is provided with a driving mechanism 415 having an active member 4151 and a fitting member 4152, and the first engaging surface 41151 and the second engaging surface 41528 are respectively disposed on the driving member 4151 and the fitting member 4152 respectively. And the first engaging surface 41551 and the second engaging surface 41528 are both disposed as cam faces.
  • the driving member 4151 rotates about the axis XI
  • the matching driving member 4152 can be axially moved by the first engaging surface 41151 and the second engaging surface 41528, so that the pressing portion 4131 of the driving member 413 is pressed or released.
  • the structure is convenient to operate, and is in the first After the rising angle of the engaging surface 41551 is set to a certain range, the inclined surface can be self-locked, thereby ensuring the stability of the work.
  • the driving mechanism 415 When the driving mechanism 415 is in the first mating position, the driving member 4151 rigidly supports the fitting member 4152, and the fitting member 4152 further rigidly supports the fixing member 413, thereby preventing the working head 414 from loosening and slipping when the load is excessively large.
  • the "rigid support” herein means that the fixing member 413 is supported by the driving mechanism 415, and the driving mechanism 415 does not deform in the axial direction and cannot be elastically compressed under the axial external force.
  • the active member 413 can be automatically rotated back from the second mating position to the first mating position when the fixing member 413 is mounted, thereby saving operation steps. , improve the operation convenience of the multi-function machine 4100.
  • the driving member 4151 is axially located below the fitting member 4152, and the first engaging surface 41551 is disposed as a cam surface.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and the first engaging surface may be provided as another curved surface or a plane at an acute angle to the axis XI.
  • a notch 4146 is provided in the mounting portion 4141 of the working head 414 to enable the working head 414 to be mounted from one side to the output shaft 412.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the mounting portion of the working head may not be provided with a notch.
  • the driving member of the driving mechanism is located axially below the fitting member. It is obvious that the driving member can also be disposed above the fitting member, and the fitting member and the output shaft can be integrally provided at this time.
  • a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 31 to 39.
  • the multifunction machine 4200 of the present embodiment includes a housing 421, an output shaft 422 installed in the housing 421, a driving mechanism 423 disposed in the output shaft 422, and an extension housing 421.
  • the housing 421 has a head case 4211, and an output shaft 422 is disposed in the head case 4211 and extends out of the lower end of the head case 4211.
  • the operating mechanism 425 is disposed within the output shaft 422 and extends partially out of the upper end of the head housing 4211.
  • the output shaft 422 is hollow, and includes a shaft body 4221 and a shaft seat 4222 installed under the shaft body 4221.
  • the shaft body 4221 includes a cylindrical upper portion 42211 and a lower diameter portion 42212 located below the upper portion 42211, and the shaft seat 4222 includes a flat plate shape.
  • the fixing member 426 includes a flat pressing portion 4261 and a rod portion 4262 extending axially upward from the pressing portion 4261.
  • the free end of the rod portion 4262 is provided with a "T" type holding portion 4263.
  • the working head 425 includes a mounting portion disposed between the receiving portion 42221 of the output shaft 422 and the pressing portion 4261 of the fixing member 426. 4251, the mounting portion 4251 is provided with a notch 4252 on the side.
  • the driving mechanism 423 is switchable between the first mating position and the second mating position to drive the fixing member 426 to move axially, so that the pressing portion 4261 of the fixing member 426 presses or releases the mounting portion 4251 of the working head 425.
  • the driving mechanism 423 includes a driving member 4231 and a fitting member 4232 which are relatively rotatable. When the driving member 4232 rotates about the axis X2 of the output shaft 422, the driving member 4231 is driven to move axially upward by the engagement with the engaging member 4232, and finally the driving member 423 is driven. The fixture 426 is moved axially upward.
  • the driving member 4231 rotates by a distance greater than the axially moved distance thereof to ensure that the driving mechanism 423 is stable when in the first mating position.
  • the fixing member 423 is supported to prevent loosening of the fixing member 423.
  • the active member 4231 is axially above the mating member 4232 and includes a generally cylindrical base portion 42311 and a hollow cylindrical sleeve 42312 mounted over the base portion 42311.
  • the base portion 42311 includes a circular top wall 42313 and a first engaging portion 42314 that extends axially from both sides of the top wall 42313, respectively.
  • the first engaging portion 42314 has an end face cam shape, and the top portion forms a first engaging surface 42315, and the first engaging surface 42315 is specifically a cam surface.
  • the upper portion of the top wall 42313 is provided with a circular recess 42316, and the lower portion axially protrudes and extends with a first limiting portion 42317.
  • the bottom wall of the recessed portion 42316 is provided with a middle hole 42318 through which the retaining portion 4263 of the fixing member 426 passes.
  • the middle hole 42318 is formed into a flat shape. Therefore, the locking portion 4263 can be locked in the recessed portion 42316 after being rotated by a certain angle.
  • the fixing member 426 and the driving member 4231 are relatively fixed in the axial direction.
  • the lower end of the sleeve 42312 is received in the recess 42316 of the base 42311, and has an interference fit.
  • the top of the sleeve 42312 forms a first driving portion 42319 which is axially extended and oppositely disposed.
  • the fitting member 4232 is integrally formed on the shaft seat 4222 of the output shaft 4422, and is fixedly disposed relative to the output shaft 422.
  • the fitting member 4232 includes a hollow cylindrical base member 42321 extending axially upward from the receiving portion 42221 of the axle seat 4222, and a hollow cylindrical inner sleeve 42322 having a smaller size, and a second engaging portion 42323 extending axially from both sides of the base member 42321, respectively.
  • the inner sleeve 42322 is provided with a second limiting portion 42324 that can cooperate with the first limiting portion 42317 of the driving member 4231.
  • the second limiting portion 42324 is specifically a groove.
  • the second engaging portion 42323 and the first engaging portion 42315 of the driving member 4231 are respectively matched and have the same shape, and are end face cams having a second engaging surface 42325 which is a cam surface.
  • a first elastic member 4233 is further disposed between the driving member 4231 and the fitting member 4232, so that the driving mechanism 423 can automatically return to the first mating position at the second mating position.
  • the driving mechanism 423 further includes a second elastic member 4234 disposed axially above the driving member 4231. After the driving member 4231 is axially moved upward, the second elastic member 4234 is compressed.
  • the operating mechanism 424 is for driving the driving member 423 1 to rotate about the axis X2, thereby causing the driving mechanism 423 to switch between the first mating position and the second mating position.
  • the operating mechanism 424 specifically includes a handle 4241 located at the top of the head case 421 1 , a driving rod 4242 connected below the handle 4241 , and a third elastic member 4243 disposed between the handle 4241 and the driving rod 4242 .
  • the driving rod 4242 is substantially cylindrical, and has a flat end at the top end thereof and is non-rotatably connected to the handle 4241 in a circumferential direction.
  • the lower end of the driving rod 4242 is respectively provided with a groove, and is formed to cooperate with the first driving portion 423 19 of the driving member 4231.
  • the handle 4241 of the operating mechanism 424 When the handle 4241 of the operating mechanism 424 is rotated about the axis X2, the handle 4241 drives the driving rod 4242 to rotate, and the driving rod 4242 is engaged with the first driving portion 423 19 of the driving member 4231 through the second driving portion 42241 to drive the driving member 423 1 to surround.
  • the axis X2 rotates.
  • the driving member 4231 rotates relative to the fitting member 4232
  • the engaging member 423 1 drives the fixing member 426 to move up and down in the axial direction by the cooperation of the first engaging portion 423 14 and the second engaging portion 42323, thereby pressing the pressing portion 4261 of the fixing member 426.
  • the mounting portion 425 1 of the working head 425 is tightened or released.
  • the fixing member 426 presses the working head 425, and in the second mating position, the fixing member 426 releases the working head 425.
  • the driving member 4231 is lowered to a lower position in the axial direction, so as to move the pressing portion 4261 of the fixing member 426 away from the receiving portion 4222 of the output shaft 422, and between the pressing portion 4261 and the mounting portion 4251 of the working head 425. A gap occurs and the working head 425 is finally released.
  • the first limiting portion 423 17 of the driving member 423 1 and the second limiting portion 42324 of the fitting member 4232 cooperate to restrict the driving member 423 1 from rotating clockwise under the elastic force of the first elastic member 4233, thereby The drive mechanism 423 is maintained in the second mating position.
  • the drive mechanism 423 in the second state, is located between the second mating position and the first mating position.
  • the driving mechanism 423 in the second mating position, by manually pressing the pressing portion 4261 of the fixing member 426, the rod portion 4262 of the fixing member 426 drives the driving member 423 1 to move up axially, and the first member of the driving member 423 1 A limiting portion 423 17 and a second limiting portion 42324 of the fitting member 4232 are disengaged.
  • the driving member 423 1 is subjected to the elastic force of the first elastic member 4233, and starts to rotate clockwise with respect to the fitting member 4232.
  • the active member 4231 is further driven to move axially upward by the cooperation of the first engaging surface 423 15 and the second engaging surface 42325, so that the driving mechanism 423 automatically faces the first fit.
  • Position moves.
  • the drive mechanism 423 is moved from the second engagement position to the first engagement position.
  • the driving member 423 1 of the driving mechanism 423 continues to rotate relative to the fitting member 4232 about the axis X2 in the second state, and the driving member 423 1 is further moved axially upward.
  • the driving member 423 1 simultaneously drives the fixing member 426 to move axially upward until the pressing portion 4261 of the fixing member 426 presses the mounting portion 4251 of the working head 425 to stably fix the working head 425 to the receiving portion 4222 of the output shaft 422.
  • the first driving portion 423 19 of the driving member 423 1 slides only in the second driving portion 42421 of the fitting member 4232, and does not circumferentially engage to drive the handle 4241 to rotate.
  • the above three states describe the process in which the drive mechanism 423 is moved from the second mating position to the first mating position to compress and secure the working head 425.
  • the dismounting process of the working head 425 is substantially opposite to the fixing process of the working head 425.
  • the operating mechanism 424 moves the driving mechanism 423 from the first mating position to the second mating position, so that the fixing member 426 is axially moved downward to release the work. Head 425.
  • the manual operating handle 4241 rotates clockwise, and the second driving portion 42241 of the handle 4241 meshes with the first driving portion 423 19 of the driving member 423 1 to drive the driving member 423 1 relative to
  • the fitting member 4231 rotates clockwise about the axis X2.
  • the first engaging surface 4231 5 rotates clockwise relative to the second engaging surface 42325, and the driving member 423 1 is simultaneously subjected to the second elastic member 4234, starts to move axially downward, and finally drives.
  • the fixing member 426 is axially moved downward, so that the pressing portion 4261 of the fixing member 426 releases the working head 425, so that the working head 425 can be detached from the receiving portion 4222 of the output shaft 422.
  • the driving members of the driving mechanism are each rotated about the axis of the output shaft, thereby moving the engaging member axially to move the driving mechanism between the first engaging position and the second engaging position.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above structure, and the drive mechanism of the present invention may employ other configurations such as a driving member that rotates perpendicularly to a line perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft.
  • the embodiment is specifically a multi-function machine 4900 including a head case 490, an output shaft 491 mounted in the head case 490, and a fixed axially movable fixing member in the output shaft 491.
  • the drive mechanism 493 is moveable between a first mating position and a second mating position such that the fastener 492 clamps or releases the working head 494.
  • the driving mechanism 493 is further provided with a first elastic member 4930 for automatically returning the driving mechanism 493 from the second mating position to the first mating position.
  • the fixing member 492 has a pressing portion 4921 and a rod extending upward from the central axis of the pressing portion 4921.
  • the driving mechanism 493 is in the second fitting position, and the pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 has a certain gap with the mounting portion 4941 of the working head 494, and the working head 494 is not The pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 is pressed, so that the working head 494 can be detached from the output shaft 491.
  • the driving mechanism 493 is at the first fitting position, and the pressing force of the fixing member 492 is performed.
  • the output shaft 491 has an axis X3, specifically including a shaft body 491 1 sleeve 4912 and a shaft seat 4913 which are sequentially disposed in the axial direction.
  • the sleeve 4912 has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape.
  • Two through holes 4914 are symmetrically formed on both sides of the sleeve 4912.
  • the bottom of the shaft seat 4913 is a receiving portion 4913 1 for mounting the working head 494.
  • the drive mechanism 493 specifically includes an active member 493 1, a fitting member 4932 supported on the driving member 493 1 and a first elastic member 4913 attached to the driving member 493 1 . When the driving member 493 1 is rotated, the engaging member 4932 can be driven to move up and down in the axial direction.
  • the driving member 4931 has an axis X4 perpendicular to the axis X3, and includes a cylindrical shaft portion 4934 extending along the axis X4 and a cam portion 4935 connected to the end of the shaft portion 4934.
  • the other end of the shaft portion 4934 opposite to the cam portion 4935 is formed with a flat portion 49341.
  • the cam portion 4935 is substantially fan-shaped, is a circumferential cam, and has a flat shape substantially perpendicular to the axis X4, and has a lower end 4935 1 that is closer to the axis X4 and a high end 49352 that is farther from the axis X4.
  • the lower end 4935 A first engagement surface 49353 is formed between the 1 and the high end 49352, and the first engagement surface 49353 is a cam surface.
  • the active members 493 1 have two and are symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis X3.
  • the two shaft portions 4934 are mounted in the through holes 4914 on both sides of the sleeve 4912 and are rotatable about the axis X4, and the two cam portions 4935 are housed inside the sleeve 4912.
  • a first elastic member 4933 is disposed between each of the driving members 493 1 and the shaft seat 4913.
  • the driving mechanism 493 is in the second engaging position, the first elastic member 4933 is stretched by the driving member 493 1 by a certain length, thereby The drive mechanism 493 automatically returns from the second mating position to the first mating position.
  • the fitting member 4932 is integrally formed with the fixing member 492 and is disposed on the rod portion 492 of the fixing member 492. Obviously, the fitting member 4932 can also be provided separately from the fixing member 492.
  • the fitting member 4932 is housed in the boss 491 2 and is axially supported by the cam portion 4935 of the driving member 493 1 .
  • the mating member 4932 is generally "T" shaped and includes a flat fitting section 4936 at the top and a support section 4936 below the mating section 4936.
  • the mating section 4936 is perpendicular to the axis X3, and has a circular cross section perpendicular to the axis X3.
  • the two sides are respectively protruded from the supporting section 4936 by a distance, thereby forming engaging portions 49361 respectively mating with the cam portions 4935 of the driving member 493 1 .
  • Two meshing portions 49361 are axially respectively
  • the second engaging surface 49362 is engaged with the first engaging surface 49353 of the cam portion 4935.
  • the second engaging surface 49362 is specifically perpendicular to the cam portion 4935 of the driving member 493 1 .
  • the drive mechanism 493 further includes a second elastic member 4938 disposed between the mating member 4932 and the shaft body 491 1 of the output shaft 491.
  • the engaging member 4932 can be moved upward by the rotation of the driving member 493 1 against the elastic force of the third elastic member 4938;
  • the fixing member 492 is pressed axially, and the engaging member 4932 is axially moved upward by the fixing member 492.
  • the operating mechanism 495 can be manually operated to switch the drive mechanism 493 between the first mating position and the second mating position.
  • the operating mechanism 495 mainly includes a handle 495 1.
  • the handle 4951 is substantially U-shaped and has opposite arm portions 4952.
  • the free end of the arm portion 4952 is provided with a U-shaped slot 4953.
  • the two flat portions 49341 of the driving member 493 1 are respectively received in the slot 4953 of the handle 495 1 , so that when the handle 495 1 is rotated about the axis X4, the active member 493 1 can be driven by the cooperation of the slot 4953 and the flat portion 49341.
  • the axis X4 rotates.
  • the lower end 4935 1 of the cam portion 4935 is slid to the upper end 49352, thereby supporting the fitting member 4932 in the axial direction, and the fitting member 4932 is axially moved upward, and then the rod 492 of the fixing member 492 drives the fixing member 492 to be axially aligned as a whole.
  • the pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 is pressed against the working head 494.
  • the process of the drive mechanism 493 releasing the working head 494 is reversed, and only when the drive mechanism 493 is in the first mating position, the handle 4951 can be turned counterclockwise.
  • the driving mechanism 493 is located at the second mating position, and there is a large gap between the pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 and the receiving portion 4913 1 of the output shaft 491, so that the working head 494 can be installed from one side. Remove from the output shaft 491 or from the output shaft 491. In this position, the handle 495 1 is substantially perpendicular to the output shaft 491, and the lower end 4935 1 of the cam portion 4935 of the active member 4931 supports the engaging portion 49361 of the fitting member 4932.
  • the engaging member 4932 Under the action of the second elastic member 4938, the engaging member 4932 is axially moved down to a lower position, thereby driving the fixing member 492 to move axially downward, so that the pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 and the mounting portion of the working head 494 are The spacing between the two increases, eventually releasing the working head 494.
  • the driving mechanism 493 when the driving mechanism 493 is in the second mating position, the pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 is manually pressed upward, and the fixing member 492 drives the fitting member 4932 to move upward in the axial direction against the elastic force of the second elastic member 4938.
  • the driving member 4931 automatically rotates counterclockwise, thereby driving the handle 4951 to rotate substantially 90 degrees counterclockwise, so that the driving mechanism 493 is moved from the second fitting position shown in FIG. 37 to In the first mating position, the pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 is finally pressed against the working head 494.
  • the fixing member 492 is rigidly supported by the fitting member 4932, and the fitting member 4932 is rigidly supported by the driving member 493 1 , so that the distance between the pressing portion 4921 of the fixing member 492 and the receiving portion 4913 1 of the output shaft 491 remains unchanged.
  • the "rigid support" of the present invention means that after the fixing member 492 is supported by the driving mechanism 493, the driving mechanism 493 does not deform in the axial direction and cannot be elastically compressed under the action of the axial external force.
  • the handle 495 1 rotates the driving member 493 1 counterclockwise about its axis X4, so that the first engaging surface 49353 of the cam portion 4935 and the second engaging surface 49362 of the engaging member 4932 slide relative to each other, and the meshing position is sequentially
  • the lower end 4935 1 of the cam portion 4935 is moved to the upper end 49352 such that the fitting member 4932 is axially moved upward by a certain distance against the elastic force of the second elastic member 4938.
  • the driving mechanism 493 is in the first mating position, the high end 49362 of the cam portion 4936 of the driving member 4931 supports the second engaging surface 49362 of the fitting member 4932.
  • the first engaging surface 49353 is a cam surface, under certain conditions, the first cam The self-locking is formed between the surface 49353 and the second engaging surface 49362, so that the looseness of the fixing member 492 can be avoided, and the working head 494 can be stably clamped.
  • the fixing member 492 is axially moved to press or release the working head 494, so that without the aid of other auxiliary tools, Remove or install the work head 494.
  • the active member 493 1 and the fitting member 4932 in the present embodiment are made of a metal material, so that the fixing member 492 can be rigidly supported without looseness, so that the working head 494 can be stably fixed.
  • the power tool of the present invention mainly moves the driving mechanism between the first mating position and the second mating position by providing the relative moving active member and the fitting member.
  • the fixing member is supported on one of the driving member and the fitting member, and is fixed at an upper position in the axial direction to clamp the working head in the first mating position; in the second mating position, the fixing member is in the axial direction
  • the upper position is at the lower position to release the work head.
  • the first engaging surface and the second engaging surface which can cooperate with each other can be disposed on the driving member and the fitting member.
  • the active member can be rotated relative to the mating member.
  • the first engaging surface can be set as a cam surface, a bevel surface, or other curved surface capable of self-locking.
  • the driving mechanism is further connected with a first elastic member on the active member, which can automatically reset to the initial position after the active member is moved, so that the driving mechanism can automatically return from the second matching position to the first condition under certain conditions. A match position.
  • a second elastic member is further mounted between the driving mechanism and the output shaft. When the driving mechanism is moved from the first mating position to the second mating position, the second elastic member can elastically push the fixing member out of the output shaft.
  • the power tool of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the driving mechanism is not limited to a metal material, and may be a non-metal material or an elastic material.
  • the driving member is also not limited to the rotational movement with respect to the fitting member, or may be translated relative to the fitting member as long as one of the driving member or the fitting member can be moved axially upward.
  • the driving member or the driven member is not limited to being respectively provided with the first engaging surface and the second engaging surface, as long as one of the driving member or the driven member axially located below is disposed on the first engaging surface, and the other is disposed. The points and lines that match the surface can be used.
  • the locking mechanism in the power tool of the present invention is not limited to the structure in the above embodiment, and those skilled in the art can easily think that the locking mechanism as used in the background art can also be used, or other methods can be used. As long as the locking mechanism needs to move axially to lock or release the fixing member.

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Abstract

一种动力工具，该动力工具包括：壳体；输出轴，用于安装并驱动工作头工作，所述输出轴设有延伸出所述壳体的承接部；固定件，用于将所述工作头固定在所述输出轴的承接部上；锁紧机构，用于锁紧或释放所述固定件；以及驱动机构，用于使所述锁紧机构在锁紧位置和释放位置之间移动，在所述锁紧位置，所述固定件被夹紧在所述输出轴上；在所述释放位置，能够从所述输出轴上拆除所述固定件。在所述锁紧位置时，所述锁紧机构相对于所述输出轴的承接部之间的距离保持不变，从而可以防止固定件松脱，以稳定地固定工作头。

Description

动力工具 技术领城
本发明涉及一种动力工具， 尤其是一种手持式的动力工具。 景技术
多功能机是业界常见的手持式摆动动力工具， 它的工作原理是输出轴围 绕自身的轴心线做摆动运动。 因此， 当用户在输出轴的自由端上安装有不同 的工作头后， 如直锯片、 圆锯片、 三角形磨砂盘、 铲型刮刀后， 可以实现多 种不同的操作功能， 如锯、 切、 磨、 刮等， 以适应不同的工作需求。
中国公告专利第 CN100574993C 号， 公开了一种具有快速夹紧机构的 摆动动力工具。 该摆动动力工具包括： 用于驱动工具的工作心轴， 所述工具 可紧固在紧固元件和所述工作心轴的工具端部上的保持部分之间；用于使所 述紧固元件在释放位置和锁紧位置之间滑动的移动装置。
在该释放位置中， 可从所述工作心轴拆除所述紧固元件； 而在该锁紧位 置中， 所述紧固元件通过弹簧元件夹靠所述保持部分。 其中， 所述紧固元件 包括夹紧轴， 该夹紧轴可插入到所述工作心轴中， 并通过所述工作心轴内的 锁紧机构而保持在所述锁紧位置中， 且在处于所述释放位置中时可被移除。 所述锁紧机构具有可沿径向运动的夹紧构件。
所述锁紧机构具有套环，夹紧构件可径向移动地保持抵靠该套环， 所述夹 紧构件被保持在所述套环的凹部中， 所述夹紧构件在其面向所述工具的一侧 上具有倾斜表面， 所迷倾斜表面与所述套环上的倾斜表面配合， 从而使得所 述套环抵靠所述夹紧构件的所述倾斜表面， 从而驱动夹紧构件径向运动而夹 紧紧固元件的夹紧轴， 实现对紧固元件的快速夹紧或释放。
然而， 上述摆动动力工具中， 移动组件为可围绕垂直于输出轴的轴线转 动的操作扳手。 操作扳手转动至开启位置时， 依靠扳手上的凸轮面挤压推力 构件， 进而使锁紧机构克服弹簧弹力后轴向下移， 实现对紧固元件的释放。 夹紧紧固元件时， 则需要再将扳手由开启位置旋转回闭合位置， 此时锁紧机 构在弹簧弹力的作用下轴向上移， 并快速夹紧紧固元件。 由于是靠弹簧的弹 力来提供轴向压紧力， 因此， 当外部载荷较大时， 轴向向下的外力超过了弹 簧能够提供的轴向向上的压紧力， 会使坚固元件和锁紧机构下压弹簧后一起 轴向下移一定， 从而导致紧固元件与工具之间形成间隙， 使工具松动， 进而 确认本 出现打滑， 影响工作效率。 另外， 该动力工具的快速夹紧机构， 需要一个较 大尺寸的扳手， 且在释放或夹紧紧固元件时均需要扳动扳手旋转， 步骤繁瑣。
因此， 实有必要提供一种改进的动力工具， 以解决上述问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种动力工具， 该动力工具能够通过可靠的 方式将工作头安装到输出轴上， 而无需使用诸如扳手等辅助工具， 并能够防 止工作头元件工作时出现打滑。
为实现上述目的， 本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种动力工具， 包括：
壳体；
输出轴， 用于安装并驱动工作头工作， 所述输出轴设有延伸出所述壳体 的承接部；
固定件， 用于将所述工作头固定在所述输出轴的承接部上；
锁紧机构， 用于锁紧或释放所述固定件； 以及
驱动机构， 用于使所述锁紧机构在锁紧位置和释放位置之间移动， 在所 述锁紧位置， 所述固定件被夹紧在所述输出轴上； 在所述释放位置， 能够从 所述输出轴上拆除所述固定件；
其中， 在所述锁紧位置时， 所述锁紧机构被所述驱动机构刚性支撑， 所 述锁紧机构相对所述输出轴的承接部之间的轴向距离保持不变。
优选地， 所述驱动机构包括支撑在输出轴上的主动件和与所述主动件配 合的从动件， 移动所述主动件， 能够驱动所述从动件轴向移动， 进而带动所 述锁紧机构轴向移动。
优选地， 所述主动件和所述从动件通过设在至少两者之一上的第一啮合 面配合， 所述主动件转动时， 通过所述第一啮合面驱动所述从动件轴向移动。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为平面。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面垂直于所述输出轴的轴线。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面与所述输出轴的轴线成锐角设置。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为凸轮面。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕所述输出轴的轴线或平行于所述输出轴的轴线 的直线转动。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕垂直于所述输出轴的轴线的直线转动。 优选地， 所述第一啮合面设置在所述主动件上， 所述从动件上设置有与 所述第一啮合面啮合的第二啮合面。
优选地， 所述第二啮合面倾斜设置， 至少包括相邻接的快速段和低速段， 所述快速段的升角大于所述低速段的升角。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面倾斜设置， 其升角等于所述第二啮合面的低速 段的升角。
优选地， 所述驱动机构上设有第一弹性件， 所述第一弹性件提供能够驱 动所述主动件相对所述输出轴转动的弹力。
优选地， 所述驱动机构还包括驱动件， 旋转所述驱动件能够带动所述主 动件转动。
优选地， 所述主动件和所述从动件均呈圆柱状， 所述第一啮合面形成在 所述主动件或所述从动件的圆周上。
优选地， 所述主动件上设有第一限位部， 所述从动件上设有第二限位部， 在锁紧机构位于锁紧位置时， 所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合， 限制 所述主动件的转动。
通过设置驱动机构， 在不采用其它辅助工具的情况下， 快速驱动锁紧机 构与固定件锁紧或脱开， 实现工作头的快速安装或拆卸。 由于锁紧机构在锁 紧位置时相对输出轴的承接部之间的距离保持不变， 能够避免固定件在较大 的载荷时发生松动， 从而保证工作头在使用过程中的稳定性。
本发明的另一目的之一在于提供一种动力工具， 该动力工具能够通过可 靠的方式将工作头安装到输出轴上， 而无需使用诸如扳手等辅助工具， 且操 作步骤简单， 手感更好。
为实现上述目的， 本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种动力工具， 包括：
壳体；
输出轴， 用于安装并驱动工作头工作， 所述输出轴设有延伸出所述壳体 的承接部；
固定件， 用于将所述工作头固定在所述输出轴的承接部上；
锁紧机构， 能够在锁紧位置和释放位置之间转换， 在所述锁紧位置， 所 述固定件被夹紧在所述输出轴上； 在所述释放位置， 能够从所述输出轴上拆 除所述固定件； 以及
驱动机构， 能够在第一位置和第二位置之间移动， 在所述第一位置时， 使所述锁紧机构处于锁紧位置； 在所述第二位置时， 使所述锁紧机构处于释 放位置；
其中， 所述驱动机构上设有第一弹性件， 当所述锁紧机构从释放位置移 动至锁紧位置时， 所述第一弹性件使所述驱动机构从第二位置自动回复至第 一位置。
优选地， 所述驱动机构包括支撑在所述输出轴上的主动件和与所述主动 件配合的从动件， 移动所述主动件， 能够驱动所述从动件轴向移动， 进而带 动所述锁紧机构轴向移动。
优选地， 所述主动件和所述从动件通过设在至少两者之一上的第一啮合 面配合， 所述主动件转动时， 通过所述第一啮合面驱动所述从动件轴向移动。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为平面。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面垂直于所述输出轴的轴线。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面与所述输出轴的轴线成锐角。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为凸轮面。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕所述输出轴的轴线或平行于所述输出轴的轴线 的直线转动。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕垂直于所述输出轴的轴线的直线转动。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面设置在所述主动件上， 所述从动件上设置有与 所述第一啮合面啮合的第二啮合面。
优选地， 所述第二啮合面相对于所述输出轴的轴线倾斜设置， 至少包括 相邻接的快速段和低速段， 所述快速段的升角大于所述低速段的升角。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面倾斜设置， 其升角等于所述第二啮合面的低速 段的升角。
优选地， 所述驱动机构还包括驱动件， 旋转所述驱动件能够带动所述主 动件转动。
优选地， 所述主动件和所述从动件均呈圆柱状， 所述第一啮合面形成在 所述主动件和所述从动件两者之一的圆周上。
优选地， 所述主动件上设有第一限位部， 所述从动件上设有第二限位部， 在锁紧机构位于锁紧位置时， 所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合， 限制 所述主动件的转动。
优选地， 在所述锁紧位置时， 所述锁紧机构被所述驱动机构刚性支撑， 所述锁紧机构相对所述输出轴的承接部之间的轴向距离保持不变。 通过设置驱动机构， 在不采用其它辅助工具的情况下， 快速驱动锁紧机 构与固定件锁紧或脱开， 实现工作头的快速安装或拆卸。 通过设置第一弹性 件， 当锁紧机构从释放位置移动至锁紧位置时， 能够使所述驱动机构从第二 位置自动回复至第一位置， 从而减少驱动机构的操作步骤， 可以更方便地更 换工作头， 具有更好的操作手感。
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种动力工具， 该动力工具能够通过可靠的 方式将工作头安装到输出轴上， 而无需使用诸如扳手等辅助工具， 并能够防 止工作头元件工作时出现打滑。
为实现上述目的， 本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种动力工具， 包括：
壳体；
输出轴， 用于安装并驱动工作头工作， 所述输出轴设有延伸出所述壳体 的承接部；
固定件， 用于将所述工作头固定在所述输出轴的承接部上；
锁紧机构， 用于锁紧或释放所述固定件； 以及
驱动机构， 用于使所述锁紧机构在锁紧位置和释放位置之间移动， 在所 述锁紧位置， 所述固定件被夹紧在所述输出轴上； 在所述释放位置， 能够从 所述输出轴上拆除所述固定件；
其中， 所述驱动机构包括主动件和与所述主动件配合的从动件， 移动所 述主动件， 能够驱动所述从动件轴向移动， 进而带动所述锁紧机构轴向移动， 在锁紧位置时， 所述锁紧机构被所述从动件支撑， 所述从动件被所述主动件 支撑。
优选地， 所述主动件和所述从动件通过设在至少两者之一上的第一啮合 面配合， 所述主动件转动时， 通过所述第一啮合面驱动所述从动件轴向移动。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为平面。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面垂直于所述输出轴的轴线。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面与所述输出轴的轴线成锐角。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为凸轮面。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕所述输出轴的轴线或平行于所述输出轴的轴线 的直线转动。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕垂直于所述输出轴的轴线的直线转动。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面设置在所述主动件上， 所述从动件上设置有与 所述第一啮合面啮合的第二啮合面。
优选地， 所述第二啮合面相对于所述输出轴的轴线倾斜设置， 至少包括 相邻接的快速段和低速段， 所述快速段的升角大于所述低速段的升角。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面倾斜设置， 其升角等于所述第二啮合面的低速 段的升角。
优选地， 所述主动件和所述从动件均呈圆柱状， 所述第一啮合面形成在 所述主动件或所述从动件的圆周上。
优选地， 所述驱动机构还包括驱动件， 旋转所述驱动件能够带动所述主 动件转动。
优选地， 所述主动件上设有第一限位部， 所述从动件上设有第二限位部， 在锁紧机构位于锁紧位置时， 所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合， 限制 所述主动件的转动。
优选地， 在所述锁紧位置时， 所述锁紧机构被所述驱动机构刚性支撑， 所述锁紧机构相对所述输出轴的承接部之间的轴向距离保持不变。
优选地， 所述驱动机构上设有第一弹性件， 所述第一弹性件提供能够驱 动所述主动件相对所述输出轴转动的弹力。
通过设置驱动机构， 在不采用其它辅助工具的情况下， 快速驱动锁紧件 与固定件锁紧或脱开， 实现工作头的快速安装或拆卸。 另外， 驱动机构包括 主动件和与主动件配合的从动件， 在锁紧位置时， 锁紧机构被从动件支撑， 从动件被主动件支撑， 从而能够避免固定件在较大的栽荷时发生松动， 从而 保证工作头在使用过程中的稳定性。
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种动力工具， 该动力工具能够通过可靠的 方式将工作头安装到输出轴上， 而无需使用诸如扳手等辅助工具， 并能够防 止工作头元件工作时出现打滑。
为实现上述目的， 本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种动力工具， 包括：
壳体；
输出轴， 能够围绕其自身轴线旋转往复摆动运动， 用于安装并驱动工作 头工作， 所述输出轴设有延伸出所述壳体的承接部；
固定件，包括用于将所述工作头固定在所述输出轴的承接部上的压持部； 以及
驱动机构， 能够在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换， 在所述第一 配合位置， 使所述固定件的压持部压紧所述工作头； 在所述第二配合位置， 使所述固定件的压持部释放所迷工作头；
其中， 所述驱动机构包括能够相对运动的主动件和配合件， 移动所述主 动件， 能够带动所述固定件轴向移动， 在第一配合位置时， 所述固定件被所 述主动件或所述配合件支撑而轴向固定。
优选地， 所述主动件相对所述配合件转动运动， 使所述驱动机构在所述 第一配合位置和所迷第二配合位置之间移动。
优选地， 所述主动件上设置有第一啮合部， 所述配合件上设置有与所述 第一啮合部配合的第二啮合部， 所述第一啮合部和所述第二啮合部两者之一 设有用于互相配合的第一啮合面。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为凸轮面。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为平面， 所述第一啮合面与所述输出轴的轴线 成锐角。
优选地， 所述第一啮合部和第二啮合部两者之中的另外一个设有与所述 第一啮合面配合的第二啮合面。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕所述输出轴的轴线或平行于所述输出轴的轴线 的直线转动。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕垂直于所述输出轴的轴线的直线转动。
优选地， 所述驱动机构位于所述第二配合位置时， 所述主动件和所述配 合件之间形成自锁。
优选地， 所述驱动机构从所述第二配合位置移动至所述第一配合位置的 过程中， 所述主动件移动的距离大于所述固定件在轴向上移动的距离。
优选地， 所述驱动机构位于所述第二配合位置时， 所述固定件被所述驱 动机构刚性支撑， 所述固定件的压持部相对所述输出轴的承接部之间的轴向 距离保持不变。
优选地， 所述固定件包括压持部和自压持部轴向延伸入所述输出轴内的 杆部， 所述杆部与所述主动件或所述配合件配接。
优选地， 所述驱动机构上还设有第一弹性件， 按压所述固定件轴向移动 时， 在所述第一弹性件的作用下， 所述驱动机构从所述第二配合位置自动回 复至所述第一配合位置。
优选地， 所述动力工具还包括操作机构， 通过操作所述操作机构， 能够 带动所述驱动机构在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间移动。 优选地， 所述主动件上设有第一限位部， 所述配合件上设有第二限位部， 在驱动机构位于第二配合位置时， 所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合， 限制所述主动件的转动。
通过设置驱动机构， 在不采用其它辅助工具的情况下， 能够快速驱动固 定件压紧或释放工作头， 实现工作头的快速安装或拆卸。 另外， 驱动机构包 括主动件和与主动件配合的配合件， 在第一配合位置时， 固定件被主动件或 配合件两者之一支撑， 从而能够避免固定件在较大的载荷时发生松动， 保证 工作头在使用过程中的稳定性。
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种动力工具， 该动力工具能够通过可靠的 方式将工作头安装到输出轴上， 而无需使用诸如扳手等辅助工具， 且操作步 骤筒单， 手感更好。
为实现上述目的， 本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种动力工具， 包括：
壳体；
输出轴， 能够围绕其自身轴线旋转往复摆动运动， 用于安装并驱动工作 头工作， 所述输出轴设有延伸出所述壳体的承接部；
固定件，包括用于将所述工作头固定在所述输出轴的承接部上的压持部； 以及
驱动机构， 能够在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换， 在所述第一 配合位置， 使所述固定件的压持部压紧所述工作头； 在所述第二配合位置， 使所述固定件的压持部释放所述工作头；
其中， 所述驱动机构上设有第一弹性件， 按压所述固定件轴向移动时， 在所述第一弹性件的作用下， 所述驱动机构从所述第二配合位置自动回复至 所述第一配合位置。
优选地， 所述驱动机构包括相对运动的主动件和配合件， 移动所述主动 件， 能够带动所述固定件轴向移动。
优选地， 所述弹性件的一端连接在所述主动件上， 另一端与所述壳体或 所述输出轴连接。
优选地， 所述主动件移动时驱动所述配合件轴向移动， 所述固定件支撑 在所述配合件上。
优选地， 所述主动件相对所述配合件轴向移动， 所述固定件支撑在所述 主动件上。 优选地， 所迷主动件相对所述配合件转动运动， 使所述驱动机构在所述 第一配合位置和所述第二配合位置之间转动。
优选地， 所迷主动件围绕所述输出轴的轴线或平行于所述轴线的直线转 动。
优选地， 所述主动件围绕垂直于所述输出轴的轴线的直线转动。
优选地， 所迷主动件围绕垂直于所述输出轴的轴线的直线转动。
优选地， 所迷主动件上设置有第一啮合部， 所述配合件上设置有与所述 第一啮合部配合的第二啮合部， 所述第一啮合部和所述第二啮合部两者之一 设有用于配合的第一啮合面。
优选地， 所迷第一啮合面为凸轮面。
优选地， 所述第一啮合面为平面， 所述第一啮合面与所述输出轴的轴线 成锐角。
优选地， 所迷第一啮合部和第二啮合部两者之中的另外一个设有与所述 第一啮合面配合的第二啮合面。
优选地， 所迷驱动机构位于所述第二配合位置时， 所述主动件和所述配 合件之间形成自锁。
优选地， 所述驱动机构从所述第二配合位置移动至所述第一配合位置的 过程中， 所述主动件移动的距离大于所述固定件在轴向上移动的距离。
优选地， 所述主动件上设有第一限位部， 所述从动件上设有第二限位部， 在驱动机构位于第二配合位置时， 所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合， 限制所述主动件的转动。
优选地， 所述驱动机构位于所述第二配合位置时， 所述固定件被所述驱 动机构刚性支撑， 所述固定件的压持部相对所迷输出轴的承接部之间的轴向 距离保持不变。
优选地， 所述动力工具还包括操作机构， 通过操作所述操作机构， 能够 带动所述驱动机构在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间移动。
优选地， 所迷驱动机构与输出轴或壳体之间安装有第二弹性件， 所述驱 动机构由第一配合位置移动至第二配合位置时， 所述固定件被所述第二弹性 件从所述输出轴中弹出。
通过设置驱动机构， 在不采用其它辅助工具的情况下， 能够快速驱动固 定件压紧或释放工作头， 实现工作头的快速安装或拆卸。 通过设置第一弹性 件， 当轴向按压固定件时， 第一弹性件能够使驱动机构从第二配合位置自动 回复至第一配合位置。 从而在工作头的更换时， 减少了驱动机构的操作步骤， 使操作更简单， 具有更好的操作手感， 可以更方便地更换工作头。 附困说明
图 1为本发明第一实施方式中动力工具的立体示意图
图 2为图 1 中所示动力工具中部分元件的立体示意图。
图 3为本发明第一实施方式中的从动件的结构示意图。
图 4为图 2所示动力工具的部分元件的立体分解示意图。
图 5为图 2所示动力工具的部分元件处于第一位置的立体示意图， 此时 锁紧机构处于释放位置。
图 6为图 5所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 7为图 2所示动力工具的部分元件处于第二位置的立体示意图， 此时 锁紧机构处于释放位置和锁紧位置之间。
图 8为图 7所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 9为图 2所示动力工具的部分元件处于第三位置的立体示意图， 此时 锁紧机构处于锁紧位置， 工作头尚未被夹紧。
图 10为图 9所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 1 1 为图 2所示动力工具的部分元件处于第四位置的立体示意图，此时 锁紧机构处于锁紧位置， 工作头被夹紧。
图 12为图 1 1所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 13 为本发明第二实施方式中动力工具的部分元件处于第一位置的立 体示意图， 此时锁紧机构处于锁紧位置。
图 14为图 13所示动力工具的部分元件处于第二位置的立体示意图， 此 时锁紧机构处于释放位置。
图 15为本发明第三实施方式中动力工具处于第一位置的立体示意图，此 时锁紧机构处于释放位置。
图 16为图 15所示动力工具的部分元件处于第二位置的立体示意图， 此 时锁紧机构处于锁紧位置。
图 17为图 1 5所示动力工具的部分元件的立体分解示意图。
图 1 8为图 1 5所示动力工具的部分元件处于第一位置的结构示意图。 图 19为图 1 5所示动力工具的部分元件处于第二位置的结构示意图。 图 20为本发明第四实施方式中动力工具的立体示意图。 图 21为图 20中所示动力工具中部分元件的立体示意图。
图 22为图 21所示动力工具的部分元件的立体分解示意图。
图 23为图 21所示动力工具的部分元件处于第一状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构位于第二配合位置。
图 24为图 23所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 25为图 21所示动力工具的部分元件处于第二状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构处于第二配合位置和第一配合位置之间， 工作头被释放。
图 26为图 25所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 27为图 21所示动力工具的部分元件处于第三状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构依然处于第二配合位置和第一配合位置之间， 工作头被释放。
图 28为图 27所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 29为图 21所示动力工具的部分元件处于第四状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构处于第一配合位置， 工作头被压紧。
图 30为图 29所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 3 1为本发明第五实施方式中动力工具的立体示意图。
图 32为图 3 1所示动力工具中主动件的基部的立体示意图。
图 33为图 32所示主动件的基部的另一方向立体示意图。
图 34为图 3 1所示动力工具的部分元件的立体分解示意图。
图 35为图 3 1所示动力工具的部分元件处于第一状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构位于第二配合位置， 工作头被释放。
图 36为图 35所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 37为图 3 1所示动力工具的部分元件处于第二状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构位于第二配合位置和第一配合位置之间。
图 38为图 37所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 39为图 3 1所示动力工具的部分元件处于第三状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构位于第一配合位置， 工作头被压紧。
图 40为图 39所示动力工具的部分元件的剖视图。
图 41 为本发明第六实施方式中动力工具的部分元件处于第一状态的立 体示意图， 此时驱动机构位于第二配合位置， 工作头被释放。
图 42为图 41所示动力工具的部分元件处于第二状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构位于第一配合位置， 工作头被压紧。
图 43为图 41所示动力工具的部分元件的立体分解示意图。 图 44为图 41所示动力工具的部分元件处于第 状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构位于第二配合位置， 工作头被释放。
图 45为图 41所示动力工具的部分元件处于第 状态的立体示意图， 此 时驱动机构位于第一配合位置， 工作头被压紧。
图示中的相关元件对应编号如下：
100.多功能机 4.开关 732.容纳段
1.机壳 51.安装部 733.导杆
2.头壳 511 ·中心孔 734.基体
21.水平部 512.安装孔 7341.肋条
22.竖直部 52.切割部 7342.下表面
23.球轴承 53.连接部 7343.第二限位部
24.油封轴承 6.锁紧机构 735.啮合部
3.输出轴 61.锁紧件 736.第二啮合面
31.轴体 611.头部 7361.快速段
311.盲孔 612.容纳孔 7362.低速段
32.轴盖 613.锁紧孔 737.收容腔
321.上段 62.第二弹性件 738.开口
322.下段 71.驱动件 739.开孔
323.肋部 711.主体 8.固定件
324.第三弹性件 712.扳手部 81.压板
33.轴套 713.缺口 82.杆部
331.凹陷部 714.第四弹性件 10.驱动机构
332.凸起 72.主动件 11.主动件
34.轴座 721.本体 111.第一啮合面
341.承接部 722.凸出部 112.第一凹陷部
342.底壁 723.支撑部 113.凸出部
343.夕卜套 724.上表面 12.从动件
344.凸柱 725.第一啮合面 121.第二啮合面
345.内套 726.第一弹性件 122.第二凹陷部
346.收容孔 727.第一限位部 141.轴座
347.挡止部 73.从动件 142.承接部
348.凹槽 731.配合段 143.挡止部 15.固定件 937.配合段 4128.收容孔
16.工作头 9371.啮合部 413.开关
17.锁紧机构 9372.第二啮合面 4131.压持部
171.锁紧件 938.容纳段 4132.杆部
172.第二弹性件 9381.收容腔 4133.卡持部
90.头壳 939.第三弹性件 4134.第三弹性件
900.多功能机 94.工作头 414.工作头
91.输出轴 95.固定件 4141.安装部
911.轴体 951.压板 4142.切割部
912.轴盖 952.杆部 4143.连接部
913.轴套 4100.多功能机 4144.中心孔
914.轴座 410.机壳 4145.装孔
915.通孔 411.头壳 4146.缺口
916.挡止部 4111.水平部 415.驱动机构
917.承接部 4112.竖直部 4151.主动件
92.锁紧机构 4113.拨叉组件 4152.配合件
921.锁紧件 4114.球轴承 41521.基体
922.第二弹性件 4115.油封轴承 41522.顶壁
923.锁紧孔 412.输出轴 41523.肋条
93.驱动机构 4121.轴体 41524.凹部
930.第一弹性件 4122.轴座 41525.下表面
931.驱动件 4123.上段 41526.啮合部
932.主动件 4124·中段 41527.第二限位部
933·从动件 4125.下段 41528.第二啮合面
934.臂部 41251.耳部 4153.本体
9341.开槽 41252.导向槽 41531.上表面
935.轴部 4126.承接部 41532.第一限位部
9351.扁方部 41261.底壁 4154.凸出部
936.凸轮部 41262.夕卜套 4155.第一啮合部
9361.低端 41263.凸柱 41551.第一啮合面
9362.高端 41264.凹槽 4156.第一弹性件
9363.第一啮合面 4127.内套 416.操作机构 4161.驱动件 42315.第一啮合面 4912.轴套
41611.第一柱体 42316.凹部 4913.轴座
41612.第二柱体 42317.第一限位部 49131.承接部
41613.第一槽 42318.中孔 4914.通孔
41614.第二槽 42319.第一驱动部 492.固定件
41615.驱动槽 4232.配合件 4921.压持部
4162.导向件 42321.基体 4922.杆部
41621.滑槽 42322.内套 493.驱动机构
4163.推杆 42323.第二啮合部 4930.第一弹性件
41631.定位部 42324.第二限位部 4931.主动件
41632.导杆部 42325.第二啮合面 4932.配合件
41633.销 4233.第一弹性件 4934.轴部
4164.拨钮 4234.第二弹性件 49341.扁方部
4165.第二弹性件 424.操作机构 4935.凸轮部
4200.多功能机 4241.手柄 49351·低端
421.壳体 4242.驱动杆 49352.高端
4211.头壳 42421.第二驱动部 49353.第一啮合面
422.输出轴 4243.第三弹性件 4936.配合段
4221.轴体 425.工作头 49361.啮合部
42211.上段 4251.安装部 49362.第二啮合面
42212.下段 4252.缺口 4938.第二弹性件
4222.轴座 426.固定件 494.工作头
42221.承接部 4261.压持部 4941.安装部
423.驱动机构 4262·杆部 495.操作机构
4231.主动件 4263.卡持部 4951.手柄
42311.基部 4900.多功能机 4952.臂部
42312.套筒 490.头壳 4953.开槽
42313.顶壁 491.输出轴
42314.第一啮合部 4911.轴体
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。 本发明的动力工具包括壳体、 安装在壳体内的输出轴、 将工作头固定在 输出轴上的固定件、 用于锁紧或释放固定件的锁紧机构和驱动机构。 驱动机 构能够在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换， 进而使使锁紧机构在锁紧 位置和释放位置之间移动。 在锁紧位置， 固定件被夹紧在输出轴的承接部上； 在释放位置， 能够从输出轴上拆除固定件。 从而能够在无需外部辅助工具的 情况下， 快速地更换工作头。 更重要的是， 在锁紧位置时， 锁紧机构被驱动 机构刚性支撑， 锁紧机构相对输出轴的承接部之间的距离保持不变。 这种结 构， 将使工作头被固定件稳定地固定在输出轴上， 避免外部负载过大时， 工 作头与固定件之间出现间隙而松脱，从而可防止工作头工作时出现打滑现象， 大大提高工作效率。
更重要的是， 驱动机构上还设有第一弹性件， 当锁紧机构从释放位置移 动至锁紧位置时， 第一弹性件能够使驱动机构从第二位置自动回复至第一位 置。 从而在工作头的更换时， 减少了驱动机构的操作步骤， 使操作更简单， 具有更好的操作手感。
更重要的是， 驱动机构包括主动件和与主动件配合的从动件， 移动主动 件， 能够驱动从动件轴向移动， 进而带动锁紧机构轴向移动， 在锁紧位置时， 锁紧机构被所述从动件支撑， 从动件被主动件支撑。 这种结构， 将使工作头 被固定件稳定地固定在输出轴上， 避免外部负载过大时， 工作头与固定件之 间出现间隙而松脱， 从而可防止工作头工作时出现打滑现象， 大大提高工作 效率。
需要指出， 本说明书中的 "刚性支撑" 是指锁紧机构被驱动机构支撑后， 在轴向外力作用下， 驱动机构轴向上不会发生形变、 不能够被弹性压缩。
本发明的动力工具包括壳体、 安装在壳体内的输出轴、 将工作头固定在 输出轴上的固定件， 以及使固定件轴向移动的驱动机构。 驱动机构能够在第 一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换， 在第一配合位置， 固定件将工作头在 输出轴上； 在第二配合位置， 固定件释放工作头， 以将工作头从输出轴上拆 卸下来。从而能够在无需外部辅助工具的情况下， 快速地安装或更换工作头。
更重要的是， 驱动机构包括主动件和与主动件配合的配合件， 主动件能 够相对配合件旋转运动， 配合件相对输出轴不可转动。 移动主动件， 能够驱 动配合件轴向移动， 进而带动固定件轴向移动。 驱动机构在第一配合位置时， 固定件被主动件或配合件两者之一支撑。 这种结构， 能够保证工作头被固定 件穗定地固定在输出轴上， 避免外部负载过大时， 工作头与固定件之间出现 间隙而松脱， 从而可防止工作头工作时出现打滑现象， 大大提高工作效率。 更重要的是， 驱动机构上还设有第一弹性件， 当轴向按压固定件时， 第 一弹性件能够使驱动机构从第二配合位置自动回复至第一配合位置。 从而在 工作头的更换时， 减少了驱动机构的操作步骤， 使操作更简单， 具有更好的 操作手感。
具体实施方式一
本实施方式中涉及的动力工具具体是一种摆动型动力工具， 又称多功能 机。 但是本发明并不限于摆动动力工具， 也可以是转动型研磨动力工具， 如 砂光机或角向磨光机等。
请参阅图 1，一种动力工具， 具体是一种多功能机 100 , 其包括呈纵长延 伸的机壳 1、连接在机壳 1前端（以图 1 中左侧定义为前端）的头壳 2以及自头 壳 2中延伸而出的输出轴 3。 其中， 在机壳 1 内设置有电机（未图示）， 机壳 1 上还设有开关 4来控制电机的开启或关断。 头壳 2包括与机壳 1相连接且沿 着图 1 中水平方向设置的水平部 21和自水平部 21的末端大致垂直向下延伸 的竖直部 22。 输出轴 3在竖直方向设置， 其一端安装在头壳 2内， 另一端自 头壳 2的竖直部 22 内向下延伸而出， 并且可以围绕自身的纵向轴线 X做摆 动运动， 摆动方向如图 1 中双箭头所示。
另外， 在头壳 2的内部， 还设置有业界在摆动机上所常用的偏心件（未图 示）和拨叉组件（未图示）， 用以将电机的旋转输出扭矩转化为输出轴 3的摆动 输出扭矩。 偏心件转动时， 通过与拨叉组件的配合， 将其转动运动转化成输 出轴 3相对于其自身轴线 X的摆动运动， 且摆动角在约 0.5至 7度之间， 摆 动频率范围可设置为约每分钟 5000至 30000次。在输出轴 3的自由端可通过 固定件 （下文中有详细描述） 安装一工作头 5 , 本实施方式中工作头 5是一 种直锯片， 该工作头 5在输出轴 3的带动下可以沿着图 1 中的双箭头方向做 摆动运动。
与转动型动力工具相比， 多功能机 100工作时， 输出轴 3围绕其自身轴 线 X旋转往复摆动运动，从而沿摆动的两个方向产生较大的突变扭矩。 因此， 需要非常大的轴向夹持力来确保在所有的工作条件下将上述工作头 5保持在 输出轴 3上， 并不会出现打滑而影响工作效率或无法工作。
如图 2至图 4所示， 将输出轴 3的轴线 X所在直线定义为纵向， 与轴线 X垂直的方向定义为横向， 纸面的底部为下， 纸面的顶部为上。 后文的描述 均采用此处的定义。 多功能机 100还包括设置在输出轴 3 内的锁紧机构 6和 驱动机构 7， 锁紧机构 6和驱动机构 7相配合后， 能够实现快速地夹紧或释 放固定件 8， 从而快速安装或拆卸工作头 5。
输出轴 3为中空状， 其收容在头壳 2 内， 轴向支撑在平行安装在头壳 2 内的球轴承 23和油封轴承 24之间。 本实施方式中， 输出轴 3 自上而下由四 个元件组成： 轴体 3 1、 轴盖 32、 轴套 33和轴座 34 , 显然， 该四个元件之间 不可相对转动， 以便传递转动扭矩。 其中， 轴体 3 1为圆柱状， 通过销子 （未 图示）与轴盖 32连接， 其朝向工作头 5的一端轴向开设有盲孔 3 1 1。 轴盖 32 为中空状， 上段 321为收容轴体 3 1 的中空圆柱状， 下段 322同样为中空圆柱 状， 只是径向尺寸较大。 下段 322的外表面上径向凸出延伸有间隔设置的若 干肋部 323 , 与轴套 33配合， 以传递转动扭矩。 轴套 33同样为中空圆柱状， 其内側壁上设置收容轴套 32的肋部 323的若干凹陷部 33 1， 底部轴向向下凸 出延伸有两对称设置的凸起 332， 通过凸起 332与轴座 34的配合， 将转动扭 矩传递至轴座 34。
轴座 34位于输出轴 3的最底端， 其具有承接部 341 , 承接部 341 包括圆 形底壁 342、 自底壁 342 的外边缘轴向向上延伸形成的中空圆柱状外套 343 及自底壁 342的下表面轴向向下延伸的若干圆周分布的凸柱 344。 轴座 34还 包括自承接部 341 的中部向上延伸的中空圆柱状内套 345和贯穿承接部 341 和内套 345 的收容孔 346， 其中， 内套 345 的顶端向上延伸有用来阻挡锁紧 机构 6轴向下移的挡止部 347。 承接部 341 的外套 343的内壁上对称形成有 两凹槽 348， 用于恰好收容轴套 33的两凸起 332， 以传递转动扭矩。
需要指出， 本发明的输出轴并不限于本实施方式中的具体结构， 其中轴 体 3 1、 轴盖 32、 轴套 33、 轴座 34四者两两之间可以通过设置扁方结构来传 递转动扭矩， 轴体 3 1、 轴盖 32、 轴套 33三个元件可设置成一体成型的一个 元件， 而不会影响整个机器的性能。
工作头 5为一种直锯片， 对本领域技术人员来说， 很容易想到， 工作头 5也可以是其它附件， 如圆锯片、 砂盘、 刮刀等。 该工作头 5横向设置， 其 具有用于安装在输出轴 3上的平板状安装部 5 1、 用于切割的切割部 52及位 于安装部 5 1和切割部 52之间的连接部 53。 其中， 安装部 5 1 上开设有中心 孔 5 1 1 , 在中心孔的外围设有若干与输出轴 3的凸柱 344配合的安装孔 5 12。
固定件 8用于将工作头 5 固定在输出轴 3的末端。 固定件 8穿过工作头 5的安装部 5 1， 进而连接到输出轴 3的末端。 其包括位于底部的环状压板 81 和自压板 81的中部轴向向上延伸的杆部 82， 杆部 82的末端设有齿部 82 , 齿 部 82可以是外螺纹， 也可以是其它齿状结构。
安装时， 固定件 8的杆部 82穿过输出轴 3的收容孔 346后， 可被锁紧机 构 6夹紧， 从而将工作头 5 的安装部 5 1 夹持在输出轴 3的底壁 344和底板 81之间。
下面结合图 2至图 4 , 详细描述锁紧机构 6和驱动机构 7的具体结构。 锁紧机构 6可在锁紧位置和释放位置之间转换， 在锁紧位置时， 固定件 8被 夹紧在锁紧机构 6内； 在释放位置时， 固定件 8被锁紧机构 6释放， 从而可 从输出轴 3 内移出。 本实施方式中， 通过操作驱动机构 7， 可将锁紧机构 6 由锁紧位置移动至释放位置， 此时可将固定件 8从输出轴 3 内移出； 安装固 定件 8时， 手动按压固定件 8 , 驱动机构 7可自动回复至其初始位置， 使锁 紧机构 6保持在锁紧位置。
驱动机构 7包括驱动件 71、 主动件 72和从动件 73 , 其中驱动件 71套设 在输出轴 3上轴套 33的外围， 主动件 72和从动件 73安装在输出轴 3 内， 收 容在轴套 33和轴盖 32形成的收容空间内， 并最终位于锁紧机构 6和输出轴 3的承接部 341之间。 驱动件 71可操作地围绕输出轴 3的轴线 X转动， 可驱 动主动件 72同样围绕输出轴 3的轴线 X转动， 主动件 72转动时驱动从动件 73轴向上移。
驱动件 71位于头壳 2的竖直部 22内， 可围绕输出轴 3的轴线 X转动。 其包括大致呈空心圆柱状的主体 71 1及自主体 71 1 的底部径向向外延伸出的 扳手部 712。 主体 71 1 的底端还开设有两中心对称设置的矩形缺口 713 , 扳手 部 712同样为矩形且与缺口 713位于同一轴向高度。
主动件 72由刚性材质加工而成， 其被安装在输出轴 3 内， 并恰好位于轴 座 34的外套 343和内套 345之间形成的空间内。 主动件 72包括空心圆柱状 的本体 721、 自本体 721延伸的两个凸出部 722和两个支撑部 723。 两凸出部 722 自本体 721 的外侧径向向外延伸而出， 并分别位于驱动件 71的缺口 713 内， 且中心对称设置； 本体 721 具有水平上表面 724， 两支撑部 723 自本体 721 的上表面 724轴向向上延伸而成， 且同样中心对称设置。 本体 721 为镂 空状， 支撑部 723 紧邻凸出部 722。 支撑部 723 的顶部轴向倾斜， 形成第一 啮合面 725。 第一啮合面 725 沿顺时针方向逐渐升高， 具有第一升角。 主动 件 72与轴座 34的内套 345之间设有第一弹性件 726， 第一弹性件 726—端 抵持在内套 345上， 另一端抵靠在主动件 72上， 从而使主动件 72转动生可 自动回复至初始位置。另外，本体 721 自其内侧径向延伸设有第一限位部 727 , 以与从动件 73配合， 在锁紧机构 6处于释放位置时， 在第一限位部 727的作 用下， 限制主动件 72的转动。
从动件 73同样由刚性材质加工而成， 其在轴向上安装在主动件 72的上 方， 其包括轴向依次设置的配合段 73 1、 容纳段 732和导杆 733 , 三者径向尺 寸依次减小。 其中， 容纳段 732位于配合段 731上方， 导杆 733位于容纳段 732 上方。 配合段 731 为中空状， 其包括空心圆柱状基体 734、 自基体 734 的外側向外凸出延伸而成的若干肋条 7341„ 肋条 7341恰好收容在轴套 33的 凹陷部 331 内， 从而使从动件 73相对输出轴 3不可转动。 基体 734具有水平 下表面 7342， 其下端自下表面 7342倾斜设置， 形成两段分别与主动件 72的 支撑部 723配合的啮合部 735。 基体 734 自下表面 7342轴向向下凸出延伸有 第二限位部 7343 , 以与主动件 72的第一限位部 727配合， 限位主动件 72的 转动。 啮合部 735 的顶部轴向倾斜， 形成第二啮合面 736 , 第二啮合面 736 沿逆时针方向逐渐升高， 并分为快速段 7361 和低速段 7362。 其中， 快速段 7361 具有第二升角， 低速段 7362具有第三升角， 第二升角大于第三升角， 且第三升角与第一啮合面 725 的第一升角相等， 以使快速段 7361 与主动件 72的第一啮合面 725配合时， 能够快速驱从动件 73轴向上移。 从动件 73的 收容段 732设有收容腔 737 , 以收容锁紧机构 6。 从动件 73的一侧开设有开 口 738 , 另一侧相对开口 738设有开孔 739。
锁紧机构 6收容在从动件 73的收容腔 737内， 其包括锁紧件 61和第二 弹性件 62。 其中， 锁紧件 61 大致呈板状， 其包括位于一侧的球形头部 61 1、 位于另一侧的两个容纳孔 612 和位于头部 61 1 和容纳孔 612 之间的锁紧孔 613。 第二弹性件 62同样为两个， 一端收容在锁紧件 61 的容纳孔 612内， 另 一端则抵靠在从动件 73的容纳段 732的收容腔 735的顶壁。 锁紧件 61 由从 动件 73的开口 738安装入从动件 73的收容腔 735 内， 其头部 61 1恰好收容 在从动件 73的开孔 739内， 且锁紧件 61相对其头部 61 1 的一端可相对输出 轴 3的轴线 X轴向上倾斜运动，即以头部 61 1为枢转点在轴向方向上的枢转。
为了使从动件 73能够在轴向方向上下移动， 在从动件 73与输出轴 3之 间轴向上设有第三弹性件 324。 第三弹性件 324套设在导杆 733上， 一端抵 靠在从动件 73的容纳段 732的上表面， 另一端收容并抵靠在轴体 3 1的盲孔 3 1 1 内。 为了使驱动件 71从初始位置被转动后， 可以自动回复， 在驱动件 71 与头壳 2的竖直部 22之间设置了第四弹性件 714。 该第四弹性件 714—端抵 靠在头壳 2的内壁上， 另一端抵靠在驱动件 71 的主体 71 1上。 依然参考图 2至图 4 , 重点描述多功能机 100的头壳 2 内部分元件的组 装过程。 首先， 将驱动机构 7的主动件 72安装在输出轴 3的轴座 34内， 并 将第一弹性件 726设置在轴座 34的内套 345之间； 接着， 将轴套 33安装在 轴座 34上， 并相对轴座 34 固定； 然后， 将将锁紧机构 6安装在驱动机构 7 的从动件 73内，并将从动件 73通过肋条 7341与轴套 33的凹陷部 33 1配合， 将从动件 73安装至轴套 33 内， 并使锁紧件 61安装第二弹性件 62的一端位 于轴座 34的挡止部 347的正上方， 同时使从动件 73的啮合部 735与主动件 72的支撑件 725相对应； 接着， 先将轴盖 32安装并固定在轴套 33上， 再将 轴体 3 1安装并固定在轴盖 32上； 最后， 将驱动件 71 自上而下套设在输出轴 3的轴套 33上， 并将第四弹性件 714设置在驱动件 71与头壳 2之间。 至此， 头壳 2内主要元件的组装完成。
下面结合图 5至图 12， 从四个位置状态描述本实施方式多功能机 100的 锁紧过程。驱动机构 7能够驱动锁紧机构 6在锁紧位置和释放位置之间转换， 在锁紧位置时， 固定件 8被锁紧机构 6夹紧， 从而将工作头 5稳定地固定在 输出轴 3的承接部 341 上； 在释放位置时， 锁紧机构 6松开固定件 8， 使固 定件 8可从输出轴 3 内移开， 从而将工作头 5取下。
如图 5和图 6所示， 为多功能机 100处于第一位置的示意图， 此时锁紧 机构 6处于释放位置。 在此位置中， 在第四弹性件 324的作用下， 从动件 73 下移一定距离， 直到从动件 73的配合段 731 的下表面 7342抵靠到主动件 72 的本体 721 的上表面 724。 锁紧机构 6的锁紧件 61 下移时受到轴座 34的挡 止部 347的挡止， 最终使锁紧件 61 处于垂直于输出轴 3的轴线 X的水平位 置， 锁紧件 61 的锁紧孔 613的内表面与固定件 8的杆部 82的外表面脱离啮 合。 此时， 锁紧件 61对固定件 8处于释放位置， 可将固定件 8从锁紧件 61 内移开。 在将固定件 8安装进输出轴 3之前， 先将工作头 5安装在输出轴 3 的承接部 341上，然后将固定件 8穿过工作头 5的中心孔 5 1 1及轴座 34的收 容孔 346后， 进入锁紧件 61 的锁紧孔 613 , 并使固定件 8的顶端紧靠从动件 73的容纳段 732的底部。
需要指出，上述释放位置是通过外部力驱动外部驱动件 71 的转动来驱动 主动件 72转动一定角度， 同时克服第四弹性件 714的扭力。 在释放位置时， 尽管撤消了外部力， 由于主动件 72的第一限位部 727与从动件 73的第二限 位部 7343配合， 主动件 72尽管受到第四弹性件 714的扭力作用， 仍然不能 回转， 使锁紧机构 6保持在释放位置。 如图 7和图 8所示， 为多功能机 100处于第二位置的示意图， 此时锁紧 机构 6处于锁紧位置和释放位置之间的状态， 固定件 8尚未被锁紧机构 6完 全锁紧。 使用者通过按压固定件 8的压板 81， 杆部 82的顶端带动从动件 73 克服第三弹性件 324的弹力轴向上移一定距离。从动件 73同时带动锁紧机构 6上移， 在第二弹性件 62的弹力作用下， 锁紧件 61仅头部 61 1 轴向上移， 使锁紧件 61相对输出轴 3的轴线轴向倾斜， 但是此位置中锁紧件 61与头部 61 1相对的一端尚未与轴座 34的挡止部 347完全脱离开， 因此锁紧件 61 尚 未完全锁紧固定件 8的杆部 82。
另外， 在第二位置中， 虽然从动件 73轴向上移了一定距离， 但是从动件 73的第二限位部 7343尚未与主动件 72的第一限位部 727在轴向上完全脱开， 第二限位部 7343 仍会对第一限位部 727起到限位作用。 因此， 尽管从动件 73的下表面 7342与主动件 72的上表面 724脱离开， 主动件 72在第一弹性 件 726逆时针方向的扭力下， 仍然不会发生转动， 此时主动件 72的第一啮合 面 725与从动件 73的第二啮合面 736在轴向上形成一定间距。
如图 9和图 10所示， 为多功能机 100处于第三位置的示意图， 此时锁紧 机构 6处于锁紧位置， 固定件 8被锁紧机构 6完全锁紧。 固定件 8被进一步 上推， 并推动从动件 73 进一步轴向上移， 使从动件 73 的第二限位部 7343 与主动件 7的第一限位部 727轴向上脱离开。 主动件 72径向上受从动件 73 的阻力被去除后， 在第一弹性件 726的扭力作用下， 开始逆时针转动。 主动 件 72的第一啮合面 725首先会与从动件 73的第二啮合面 736的快速段 7361 接触， 由于快速段 7361 的第二升角较大， 因此第一啮合面 725与第二啮合面 736的快速段 7361 配合后， 能够推动从动件 73快速轴向上移， 以消除固定 件 8的压板 81与工作头 5的安装部 5 1之间的轴向间距。主动件 72的第一啮 合面 725滑过从动件 73的快速段 7361后， 继续逆时针转动， 并与从动件 73 的低速段 7362配合， 进一步消除固定件 8的压板 81与工作头 5的安装部 51 之间的轴向间距。 在第三位置中， 固定件 8 的压板 81 与工作头 5 的安装部 5 1之间仍然存在一定轴向间距，此时固定件 8的压板 81 尚未挤压住工作头 5 的安装部 5 1， 工作头 5仍未被轴向上夹紧。
如图 1 1和图 12所示， 为多功能机 100处于第四位置的示意图， 此时锁 紧机构 6处于锁紧位置， 固定件 8被锁紧机构 6完全锁紧， 且工作头 5被固 定件 8轴向上夹紧。 在第一弹性件 726的扭力下， 主动件 72进一步逆时针转 动， 以使固定件 8的压板 81 紧密挤压住工作头 5的安装部 5 1 , 以轴向固定 工作头 5„ 当工作头 5的安装部 5 1 与固定件 8的压板 81之间的轴向间距完 全消除后， 由于固定件 8的杆部 82被锁紧件 61 夹紧， 因此主动件 72停止转 动。 此时， 主动件 72的第一啮合面 725与从动件 73的第二啮合面 736的低 速段 7362 啮合。 本实施方式中， 第一啮合面 725 的第一升角较小， 设为 9 度， 从而可实现自锁， 避免工作头 5受到的轴向栽荷过大时， 而出现松脱。
需要指出， 本实施方式中， 主动件 72的第一啮合面 725的第一升角并不 限于 9度，主动件 72的材质为钢或铁，第一啮合面 725的摩擦系数在 0.1 ~0.15 之间， 因此第一升角在 1 1 ~ 1 7 度之间均可以实现自锁。 显然， 当主动件 72 为其它材质时， 第一升角的范围也会相应改变。
以上， 详细描述了本实施方式多功能机 100的夹紧过程， 其释放过程则 与夹紧过程相反。 当需要将工作头 5从输出轴 3上拆卸时， 只需通过手动扳 动驱动件 71的扳手部 712， 使驱动件 71顺时针转动。 驱动件 71转动一定角 度后， 其缺口 713与主动件 72的凸出部 722干涉， 进而带动主动件 72顺时 针转动。主动件 72相对从动件 73转动时，第一啮合面 725与第二啮合面 736 的低速段 7362和快速段 7361 依次脱离开， 使从动件 73 在第三弹性件 324 的弹力作用下， 轴向下移， 直至从动件 73 的下表面 7342抵接到主动件 72 的上表面 724。
从动件 73轴向下移的过程中， 会带动锁紧机构 6轴向下移。 锁紧件 61 在下移的过程中，其与头部 61 1相对的一端会受到轴座 34的挡止部 347的挡 止， 最终使锁紧件 61 处于垂直于输出轴 3 的轴线 X的水平位置， 从而释放 固定件 8。 同时， 从动件 73下移时， 会带动固定件 8下移， 最终将固定件 8 从输出轴 3 内推出一定距离，从而可以将固定件 8从输出轴 3 内轻易地取出。
综上所述，本实施方式的动力工具 100通过设置具有主动件 72和从动件 73的驱动机构 7 , 并使主动件 72和从动件 73上分别设置相配合的第一啮合 面 725和第二啮合面 736。 主动件 72围绕输出轴 3的轴线 X往复转动时， 能 够通过两啮合面的配合驱动从动件 73轴向上下移动，从而使锁紧机构 6锁紧 或释放固定件 8。 本结构方便操作， 且在第一啮合面 725 的升角设在一定范 围后， 能够实现自锁， 从而保证工作的稳定性。 另外， 通过在主动件和输出 轴之间设置一弹性件， 可在安装固定件时， 使主动件从释放位置自动旋转回 复至锁紧位置， 节省了操作步骤。
具体实施方式二
下面结合图 1 3 和图 14 , 对本发明的第二实施方式进行描述。 本实施方 式具体涉及的也是一种多功能机， 与第一实施方式中多功能机 100的不同之 处在于其驱动机构 10， 其它部分均与第一实施方式相同。 驱动机构 10 包括 主动件 11、 主动件 11配合的从动件 12及第一弹性件 13。 该多功能机还包括 输出轴 14、 固定件 15、 通过固定件 15安装在输出轴 14上的工作头 16, 以 及收容在从动件 12 内的锁紧机构 17。 输出轴 14设有轴座 141, 主动件 11 安装在轴座 141 内， 从动件 12轴向设置在主动件 11 的上方。 轴座 141末端 设有承接部 142, 工作头 16被夹紧在承接部 142和固定件 15之间。 锁紧机 构 17包括锁紧件 171和与安装在锁紧件 171与从动件 12之间的第二弹性件 172, 锁紧机构 17在驱动机构 10的作用下， 可在锁紧位置和释放位置之间移 动， 从而夹紧或释放固定件 15。 另外， 从动件 12与输出轴 14之间在轴向上 还设有第三弹性件（未图示）， 固定件 15安装到输出轴 14 内时， 会驱动从动 件 12克服第三弹性件的弹力而轴向上移。
与第一实施方式相同，驱动机构 10同样能够在不需要其它辅助工具的作 用下， 使锁紧机构 17在锁紧位置和释放位置之间转换， 并且在锁紧位置时， 能够刚性地支撑锁紧机构 17， 使锁紧机构 17相对输出轴 14的承接部之间的 距离不能被压缩。 从而可防止在负载较大时， 锁紧机构 17和固定件 15被整 体轴向下移， 使工作头 16 出现松动， 保证整个工具的稳定性， 提高工作头 16的工作效率。
主动件 11设有第一啮合面 111， 从动件 12设有与第一啮合面 111 配合 的第二啮合面 121。 与第一实施方式不同， 第一啮合面 111和第二啮合面 121 均为平面， 且垂直于输出轴 14的轴线 X2。 主动件 11上还设有在轴向上与第 一啮合面 111具有一定高度差的第一凹陷部 112, 从动件 12上则对应设有与 第一凹陷部 112配合的第二凹陷部 122， 第二凹陷部 122 同样与第二啮合面 121在轴向上具有一定高度差。 另外， 主动件 11上还设有用于外部施力的凸 出部 113, 通过凸出部 113, 能够驱动主动件 11相对轴线 X2转动。
如图 13所示， 锁紧机构 17位于锁紧位置。 此时， 主动件 11的第一啮合 面 111与从动件 12的第二啮合面 121恰好相对并啮合， 从动件 12被主动件 11 支撑在一个相对高的轴向位置。 锁紧件 171在第二弹性件 172的作用下， 处于相对轴线 X2倾斜的位置， 从而夹紧固定件 15。 在此位置， 通过凸出部 113, 驱动主动件 11顺时针转动一定角度后， 第一啮合面 111 和第二啮合面 121错开啮合。 在第三弹性件的作用下， 从动件 12轴向下移， 使锁紧机构 17 由锁紧位置转换至释放位置。 如图 14所示， 锁紧机构 17位于释放位置。 在此位置， 主动件 1 1的第一 啮合面 1 1 1和第一凹陷部 1 12分别与从动件 12的第二啮合面 121和第二凹陷 部 122啮合， 从动件 12被主动件 I I 支撑在一个相对低的轴向位置。 尽管受 到第一弹性件 13的弹力， 由于主动件 1 1被从动件 12的限位， 仍然无法逆时 针回转。 锁紧件 1 71被轴座 141上的挡止部 143阻挡， 并旋转至垂直于轴线 X2的水平位置， 从而释放固定件 15。 此时， 可将固定件 15从输出轴 14 内 移出， 并最终将工作头 16拆下。
安装工作头 16时， 首先将工作头 16安装在输出轴 14的承接部 142上， 然后将固定件 15穿过工作头 16后， 插入输出轴 14内， 并使固定件 15最终 抵持到从动件 12。 继续轴向按压固定件 1 6， 会驱动从动件 12克服第三弹性 件的弹力， 轴向上移一定距离， 使从动件 12的第二啮合面 121和第二凹陷部 122与主动件 1 1 的第一啮合面 1 1 1和第一凹陷部 1 12脱离啮合。 最终， 从动 件 12与主动件 1 1在轴向上脱开， 主动件 1 1则在第一弹性件 13的弹力作用 下， 逆时针自动回转至其初始位置， 即使锁紧装置 17由释放位置重回到锁紧 位置， 从而夹紧固定件 15 , 将工作头 16稳定地固定在输出轴 14上。
由上述可知， 本实施方式中的多功能机， 在无需其它辅助工具的情况下， 驱动机构 10能够使锁紧机构 17在锁紧位置和释放位置之间转换， 从而可方 便地安装或拆卸工作头 16。 另外， 在锁紧位置时， 主动件 1 1 刚性支撑从动 件 12， 锁紧机构 1 7安装在从动件 12内， 从而使锁紧机构 1 7被驱动机构 10 刚性支撑， 能够防止工作头 16在负载过大时出现松动而打滑。
显然， 本实施方式中， 锁紧机构 17也不限于采用锁紧件 171和第二弹性 件 172 , 本领域技术人员也可以很容易想到采用其它的结构， 如背景技术中 所采用的方案， 在此不再赘述。
具体实施方式三
上述第一和第二实施方式中， 驱动机构的主动件均是围绕输出轴的轴线 旋转， 从而使从动件轴向移动， 使驱动机构在第一配合位置和第二配合位置 之间移动。 但是本发明并不限于上述结构， 本发明的驱动机构也可以采用其 它结构， 如主动件围绕垂直于输出轴的轴线垂直的直线旋转。 下面结合图 1 5 至图 19 , 对本发明第三实施方式进行描述。
如图 1 5和图 1 7所示， 本实施方式具体是一种多功能机 900， 包括头壳 90、 安装在头壳 90 内的输出轴 91 和锁紧机构 92、 驱动锁紧机构 92在锁紧 位置和释放位置之间移动的驱动机构 93、 工作头 94以及将工作头 94固定在 输出轴 91末端的固定件 95。 驱动机构 93可在第一配合位置和第二配合位置 之间移动， 从而使锁紧机构 92 在锁紧位置和释放位置之间移动。 驱动机构 93上还设有第一弹性件 930 , 当锁紧机构 92从释放位置移动至锁紧位置时， 第一弹性件 930使驱动机构 93从第二配合位置自动回复至第一配合位置。
如图 15所示， 固定件 95具有压板 95 1和自压板 95 1 的中心轴向向上延 伸的杆部 952。 此时驱动机构 93处于第二配合位置， 并使锁紧机构 92位于 释放位置， 固定件 95的杆部 952未被锁紧机构 92夹紧， 可从输出轴 91 内将 固定件 95移除， 从而将工作头 94拆卸下来。 如图 16所示， 此时驱动机构 93处于第一配合位置， 并使锁紧机构 93位于锁紧位置， 此时固定件 95的杆 部 952被锁紧机构 92夹紧，从而将工作头 94稳定地夹紧在输出轴 91和固定 件 95之间。
本实施方式与前述两实施方式中的锁紧机构、 固定件、 工作头均大致相 同， 不同之处主要在于驱动机构和输出轴。 如图 1 7所示， 本实施方式中， 输 出轴 91 具有轴线 X3 , 具体包括轴向依次设置的轴体 91 1、 轴盖 912、 轴套 913和轴座 914 , 其中， 轴套 913大致呈中空圆柱状， 轴套 913的两侧对称开 设有两通孔 915。 轴座 914上设有轴向突出延伸的挡止部 916 , 轴座 914的底 部为用于安装工作头 94的承接部 917。 锁紧机构 92具体包括锁紧件 921 和 支撑在锁紧件 921 —端的第二弹性件 922 , 锁紧件 921 的中部开设有锁紧孔 923。
驱动机构 93具体包括驱动件 93 1、主动件 932和从动件 933 ,主动件 932 和从动件 933设置在锁紧机构 93和输出轴 93的承接部 917之间， 上述第一 弹性件 930连接在主动件 932上。 操作驱动件 93 1 , 可带动主动件 932 围绕 垂直于输出轴 91的轴线 X3的直线枢转，进而通过主动件 932驱动从动件 933 轴向上下移动。
驱动件 931 大致呈 U型， 其具有相对的两臂部 934 , 臂部 934的自由端 设有 U型开槽 9341。 主动件 932具有垂直于轴线 X3 的轴线 X4 , 其包括沿 轴线 X4延伸的圆柱状轴部 935 和连接于轴部 935 —端的凸轮部 936。 轴部 935与凸轮部 936相对的另一端加工有扁方部 935 1， 收容在驱动件 93 1 的 U 型开槽 9341 内。 凸轮部 936大致为扇形，且呈大致垂直于轴线 X4的平板状， 其具有到轴线 X4距离较近的低端 9361和到轴线 X4距离较远的高端 9362 , 低端 9361 和高端 9362之间共同形成第一啮合面 9363 , 第一啮合面 9363为 凸轮面。 本实施方式中， 主动件 932共有两个， 并相对于轴线 X3对称设置。 装 配时， 两轴部 935安装在轴套 913 两側的通孔 915 内， 并可围绕轴线 X4转 动， 两凸轮部 936 则收容在轴套 91 3 的内部。 主动件 932 的两扁方部 935 1 分别收容在驱动件 93 1 的开槽 9341 内， 从而使转动驱动件 93 1 时， 可通过扁 方部 9351与开槽 9341 的配合带动主动件 932转动。 每个主动件 932与轴座 914之间均设有一个第一弹性件 930 , 驱动机构 93在第二配合位置时， 第一 弹性件 930被主动件 932拉伸一定长度，从而可使驱动机构 93从第二配合位 置自动回复至第一配合位置。
从动件 933收容在轴套 913内，且在轴向上位于主动件 932的凸轮部 936 的上方。 从动件 933 大致呈 " T" 型， 包括位于顶部的平板状配合段 937和 位于配合段 937下方的容纳段 938。 配合段 937垂直于轴线 X3， 垂直于轴线 X3的截面为圆形， 两侧分别相对于容纳段 938凸出一段距离， 从而形成分别 与主动件 932的凸轮部 936配合的啮合部 9371。 两啮合部 9371分别轴向支 撑在主动件 932 的凸轮部 936 上方， 啮合部 9371 底部形成有与凸轮部 936 的第一啮合面 9363配合的第二啮合面 9372，本实施方式中，第二啮合面 9372 具体为垂直于轴线 X3的平面。容纳段 938为中空柱状，内部设有收容腔 9381， 以收容锁紧机构 92。
另外， 驱动机构 93还包括设在从动件 933与输出轴 91的轴盖 912之间 的第三弹性件 939 , 从而使从动件 933 受到外力驱动时， 能够轴向移动。 本 实施方式中， 驱动机构 93由张开位置移动到闭合位置时， 可通过主动件 932 的转动带动从动件 933克服第三弹性件 939的弹力而上移。 也可以在驱动机 构 93在张开位置时， 通过轴向按压固定件 95 , 通过固定件 95来推动从动件 933轴向上移。
下面结合图 1 8和图 19 , 具体描迷本实施方式中工作头 94的安装和拆卸 过程。 使用时， 通过扳动驱动件 93 1 围绕轴线 X4逆时针转动， 从而使整个 驱动机构 93在开启位置和闭合位置之间移动， 从而使锁紧机构 92在释放位 置和锁紧位置之间转换， 从而释放或锁紧固定件 95 , 以便拆卸或安装工作头 94。 驱动件 93 1转动时， 通过开槽 9341与扁方部 935 1 的配合， 带动主动件 932转动，使主动件 932的第一啮合面 9363与从动件 933的第二啮合面 9372 的啮合位置， 依次从凸轮部 936的低端 9361 滑动到高端 9362， 从而在轴向 上撑起从动件 933， 使从动件 933轴向上移， 使锁紧机构 92由释放位置移动 到锁紧位置。 锁紧机构 92由锁紧位置移动到释放位置的过程则相反， 只需在 驱动机构 93位于闭合位置时， 逆时针扳动驱动件 93 1 即可。
具体参考图 1 8 , 此时驱动机构 93位于第二配合位置， 锁紧机构 92位于 释放位置， 固定件 95的杆部 952未被夹紧， 因此可将固定件 95从输出轴 91 内移出， 以便安装工作头 94。 在此位置， 驱动件 93 1 大致垂直于输出轴 91 , 主动件 932的凸轮部 936的低端 9361 支撑从动件 933的啮合部 9371。 在第 三弹性件 939的作用下， 从动件 933轴向下移至较低的位置， 使锁紧机构 92 处于释放位置。 在此位置， 锁紧件 921受到挡止部 916的阻挡， 压缩第二弹 性件 922后， 移动至垂直于轴线 X3的水平位置， 从而释放固定件 95的杆部 952。 此时可将固定件 95的杆部 952插入输出轴 91或从输出轴 91 内拆除， 从而可安装或拆卸工作头 94。
具体参考图 19， 安装工作头 94时， 需要将固定件 95插入输出轴 91 的 内部。固定件 95在轴向插入的过程中，将推动从动件 933轴向上移一定距离。 此时， 在第一弹性件 930的拉力下， 主动件 932会逆时针自动回转， 进而带 动驱动件 93 1 大致逆时针旋转 90度，使驱动机构 93由图 1 8所示的第二配合 位置移动至第一配合位置， 最终使锁紧机构 92位于锁紧位置。 此时， 锁紧机 构 92被驱动机构 93刚性支撑， 锁紧机构 92相对输出轴 91 的承接部 917之 间的距离保持不变。 另外， 固定件 95的杆部 952被夹紧， 工作头 94被稳定 地夹持在固定件 95的压板 95 1和输出轴 91的轴座 914之间。 驱动件 93 1旋 转过程中， 带动主动件 932 围绕其轴线 X4逆时针转动， 使凸轮部 936的第 一啮合面 9363与从动件 933的第二啮合面 9372相对滑动， 啮合位置依次从 凸轮部 936的低端 9361移动到高端 9362， 从而使从动件 933克服第二弹性 件 922的弹力， 轴向上移一定距离。 从动件 933同时带动锁紧机构 92上移， 使锁紧件 921与挡止部 916脱离啮合， 并在第三弹性件 939的作用下， 回复 至相对轴线 X3 的倾斜位置， 从而夹紧固定件 95 的杆部 952。 驱动机构 93 位于闭合位置时，主动件 932的凸轮部 936的高端 9362支撑从动件 933的第 二啮合面 9372， 由于第一啮合面 9363 为凸轮面， 因此在一定条件下， 第一 凸轮面 9363与第二啮合面 9372之间形成自锁，从而可避免固定件 95出现松 动， 可以稳定地夹紧工作头 94。
本实施方式中， 通过驱动机构 91在张开位置和闭合位置之间移动， 使锁 紧机构 92可在释放位置和锁紧位置之间转换，从而可在无需其它辅助工具的 作用下， 拆卸或安装工作头 94。 另外， 本实施方式中的主动件 932和从动件 933均采用刚性材质， 因此， 锁紧机构 92可被刚性支撑在锁紧位置， 从而保 证固定件 95不会出现松动， 以便稳定地固定工作头 94。
通过以上三个具体实施方式的理解， 可以理解， 本发明的动力工具主要 是通过设置相对运动的主动件和从动件， 使驱动机构在第一配合位置和第二 配合位置之间转换， 以使锁紧机构在锁紧位置和释放位置之间移动。 在锁紧 位置， 固定件被夹紧在输出轴上， 以固定安装工作头； 在释放位置， 能够从 输出轴上拆除固定件， 以将工作头从输出轴上拆卸下来。 主动件和从动件上 可以设置能够相互配合的第一啮合面和第二啮合面， 驱动机构在第一配合位 置时， 两啮合面之间能够形成自锁， 从而能够稳定地支撑工作头。 主动件可 以相对从动件旋转运动， 此时第一啮合面可以设置为凸轮面， 也可以是平面 或斜面， 或者是能够实现自锁的其它曲面。
另外， 驱动机构在其主动件上还连接有第一弹性件， 能够使主动件运动 后， 自动复位到初始位置， 以使驱动机构能够在一定条件下， 自动地使锁紧 机构从释放位置回复至锁紧位置。
需要指出， 本发明的动力工具并不限于上述实施方式， 驱动机构并不限 于采用金属材质， 也可以采用非金属材质。 主动件也并不限于相对于从动件 转动运动， 也可以是相对于从动件平动， 只要能使从动件轴向上移动即可。 另外， 主动件或从动件也不限于分别设置第一啮合面和第二啮合面， 只要主 动件或从动件中的一个设置第一啮合面，另外一个设置与该啮合面配合的点、 线即可。
具体实施方式四
请参阅图 20和图 21， 一种动力工具， 具体是一种多功能机 4100， 其包 括呈纵长延伸的机壳 41 0、 连接在机壳 41 0前端（以图 20中左側定义为前端） 的头壳 41 1 以及自头壳 41 1 中延伸而出的输出轴 412。 其中， 在机壳 410 内 设置有电机（未图示）， 机壳 410上还设有开关 413来控制电机的开启或关断。 头壳 41 1 包括与机壳 41 0相连接且沿着图 20 中水平方向设置的水平部 41 1 1 和自水平部 41 1 1 的末端大致垂直向下延伸的竖直部 41 12。 输出轴 412在竖 直方向设置， 其一端安装在头壳 41 1 内， 另一端自头壳 41 1 的竖直部 41 12 内向下延伸而出， 并且可以围绕自身的纵向轴线 X I 做旋转往复摆动运动， 摆动方向如图 20中双箭头所示。
另外， 在头壳 41 1 的内部， 还设置有业界在摆动机上所常用的偏心件（未 图示）和拨叉组件 41 13 , 用以将电机的旋转输出扭矩转化为输出轴 412 的摆 动输出扭矩。 偏心件转动时， 通过与拨叉组件 41 13的配合， 将偏心件的转动 运动转化成输出轴 412相对于轴线 X I 的摆动运动， 且摆动角在约 0.5 至 7 度之间， 摆动频率范围可设置为约每分钟 5000 至 30000 次。 在输出轴 412 的自由端可通过固定件 41 3安装工作头 414， 本实施方式中工作头 414是一 种直锯片，该工作头 414在输出轴 4 12的带动下可以沿着图 20中的双箭头方 向做摆动运动。
与转动型动力工具相比， 多功能机 4100工作时， 输出轴 412围绕其自身 轴线 X I 旋转往复摆动运动， 从而沿摆动的两个方向产生较大的突变扭矩。 因此， 需要非常大的轴向夹持力来确保在所有的工作条件下将上述工作头 414保持在输出轴 412上， 并不会出现打滑而影响工作效率或无法工作。
如图 21 至图 23所示， 将输出轴 412的轴线 X I 所在直线定义为纵向， 与轴线 X I 垂直的方向定义为横向， 纸面的底部为下， 纸面的顶部为上。 后 文的描述均采用此处的定义。多功能机 41 00包括设置在头壳 41 1 内的驱动机 构 415， 固定件 413 包括相对输出轴 41 2的末端设置的压持部 413 1。 驱动机 构 415能够在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间移动， 在第一配合位置， 使 固定件 413的压持部 413 1将工作头 414压紧在输出轴 412上；在第二配合位 置， 使固定件 413 的压持部 413 1 与工作头 414之间形成间隙， 以将工作头 414从输出轴 412上释放。 通过以上结构， 可使固定件 413快速地压紧或释 放工作头 414 , 从而可快速地安装或拆卸工作头 414。
输出轴 412用于将输出扭矩传递至工作头 414， 输出轴 412为中空状， 收容在头壳 41 1 的竖直部 41 12 内，轴向支撑在平行安装在头壳 41 1 内的球轴 承 41 14和油封轴承 41 15之间。 本实施方式中， 输出轴 412为分体式， 具体 包括轴体 4121及连接在轴体 4121 下方的轴座 4122 , 两者不可相对转动， 以 便传递转动扭矩。 其中， 轴体 412 1分为三段： 上段 4 123、 中段 4124和下段 4125 , 三段均为圆柱状且自上而下直径位次增大。 油封轴承 41 1 5安装在上段 4123上， 球轴承 41 14安装在中段 4124上。 下段 4125为中空状， 其远离中 段 4124的一端径向向外凸出延伸有两对称设置的耳部 41251， 在耳部 4125 1 的上方沿圆周方向开设有狭长形导向槽 41252。
轴座 4122位于轴体 4121 的下方， 其具有承接部 4126， 承接部 4126包 括圆形底壁 41261、 自底壁 41261 的外边缘轴向向上延伸形成的中空圆柱状 外套 41262 及自底壁 41261 的下表面轴向向下延伸的若干圆周分布的凸柱 41263。轴座 4122还包括自承接部 4126的底壁 41261的中部向上延伸的中空 圆柱状内套 4127 , 以及贯穿承接部 4126的底壁 41261和内套 4127的收容孔 4128。 承接部 4126 的外套 41262 的内壁上对称形成有两轴向设置的凹槽 41264,用于恰好收容轴体 4121的两耳部 41251，通过凹槽 41264和耳部 41251 的配合， 限制轴体 4121和轴座 4122的相对转动， 以传递转动扭矩。
工作头 414为一种直锯片， 对本领域技术人员来说， 很容易想到， 工作 头 414也可以是其它附件， 如圆锯片、 砂盘、 刮刀等。 该工作头 414横向设 置， 其具有用于安装在输出轴 412上的平板状安装部 4141、 用于切割的切割 部 4142及位于安装部 4141 和切割部 4142之间的连接部 4143。 其中， 安装 部 4141上开设有中心孔 4144, 在中心孔 4144的外围设有若干与输出轴 412 的凸柱 41263配合的安装孔 4145。 安装部 4141远离连接部 4143的一端还开 设有连通中心孔 4144的缺口 4146, 从而使工作头 414可从输出轴 412的一 侧通过缺口 4146穿过固定件 413安装。
固定件 413用于将工作头 414压紧在输出轴 412的承接部 4126上，以固 定工作头 414; 或者释放工作头 414， 以将工作头 414从输出轴 412上拆卸下 来。 固定件 413穿过输出轴 412的收容孔 4128, 与驱动机构 415配合后， 可 轴向移动地相对输出轴 412固定。 固定件 413具体包括位于底部的环状压持 部 4131 和自压持部 4131 的中部轴向向上延伸的细长杆部 4132, 杆部 4132 的末端设有径向向外凸出延伸的卡持部 4133， 以与驱动机构 415配接。 本实 施方式中， 压持部 4131与杆部 4132分体设置， 并通过螺紋可拆卸地连接。 显然， 压持部 4131与杆部 4132也可以一体设置。
安装时， 固定件 413相对驱动机构 415 固定设置， 驱动机构 415在第一 配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换时， 能够带动固定件 413轴向上下移动， 从而使固定件 413的压持部 4131压紧或释放工作头 414。
驱动机构 415 包括能够相对运动的主动件 4151 和配合件 4152, 移动主 动件 4151, 使驱动机构 415在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间移动转换， 进而能够带动固定件 413轴向上下移动，以使固定件 413的压持部 4131压紧 或释放工作头 414。 在第一配合位置时， 固定件 413能够被主动件 4151和配 合件 4152两者之一支撑而轴向固定， 本实施方式中， 固定件 413具体是被配 合件 4152支撑。
下面结合图 21 至图 23， 详细描述驱动机构 415 的具体结构。 驱动机构 415 包括主动件 4151 和位于主动件 4151 上方的配合件 4152, 主动件 4151 和配合件 4152 均安装在输出轴 412 内， 具体收容在轴体 4121 和轴座 4122 形成的收容空间内。 固定件 413支撑在配合件 4152上， 主动件 4151相对输 出轴 412的轴线 XI旋转时， 驱动配合件 4152轴向移动， 配合件 4152进而 带动固定件 413轴向移动。
主动件 4151 由刚性材质加工而成， 包括空心柱状的本体 4153、 自本体 4153延伸的两个凸出部 4154和两个第一啮合部 4155。两凸出部 4154 自本体 4153 的顶部径向向外延伸而出， 插入轴体 4121 上对应的导向槽 41252 内， 两凸出部 4154相对轴线 XI中心对称设置；本体 4153具有水平上表面 41531, 两第一啮合部 4155 自本体 4153的上表面 41531轴向向上延伸而成， 且同样 中心对称设置。 第一啮合部 4155紧邻凸出部 4154, 第一啮合部 4155的顶部 轴向倾斜， 形成端面凸轮， 顶部为第一啮合面 41551。 第一啮合面 41551 沿 顺时针方向逐渐升高，具有第一升角。主动件 4151与轴座 4122的外套 41262 之间设有第一弹性件 4156， 第一弹性件 4156—端抵持在外套 41262上， 另 一端抵靠在主动件 4151上， 从而使主动件 4151转动后可自动回复至初始位 置。 另外， 本体 4153的上表面 41531上设有第一限位部 41532, 以与配合件 4152配合。 当驱动机构 415位于第二配合位置时， 虽然主动件 4151 受到第 一弹性件 4156的扭力，但是在第一限位部 41532的作用下，主动件依然 4151 不能转动。 本实施方式中， 第一限位部 41532具体为自上表面 41531形成的 凹槽。
配合件 4152 同样由刚性材质加工而成， 其在轴向上安装在主动件 4151 的上方。配合件 4152为中空状，其包括空心圓柱状基体 41521、位于基体 41521 上方的顶壁 41522 以及自基体 41521 的外侧向外凸出延伸而成的若千肋奈 41523。轴体 4121的下段 4125的内侧壁上对应肋条 41523设有凹陷（未图示）， 肋条 41523收容在对应的凹陷内，从而使配合件 4152相对输出轴 412不可转 动。 顶壁 41522的中部设有中空的凹部 41524， 固定件 413的杆部 4132 自上 而下轴向穿过配合件 4152的凹部 41524, 固定件 413的卡持部 4133恰好收 容在凹部 41524 内并被凹部 41524 支撑， 从而使固定件 413被配合件 4152 支撑， 配合件 4152能够带动固定件 413—起轴向移动。
配合件 4152具有水平下表面 41525, 其下端自下表面 41525倾斜设置， 形成两段分别与主动件 4151 的第一啮合部 4155 配合的第二啮合部 41526。 基体 41521 自下表面 41525轴向向下凸出延伸有第二限位部 41527, 以与主 动件 4151 的第一限位部 41532配合， 限位主动件 4151 的转动。 第二啮合部 41526的顶部轴向倾斜， 形成端面凸轮， 顶部为第二啮合面 41528。 第二啮合 面 41528 沿逆时针方向逐渐升高， 具有第二升角， 第二升角与主动件 4151 的第一升角相等， 以使主动件 4151可以稳定地相对配合件 4152转动。
本实施方式中， 多功能机 4100还包括操作机构 416， 通过手动操作操作 机构 416， 带动主动件 4151相对配合件 4152围绕轴线 XI转动， 使驱动机构 415在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间移动。 操作机构 416具体包括安装 在输出轴 412上的驱动件 4161、 安装在驱动件 4161上的导向件 4162、 推杆 4163、 连接在推杆 4163上的拨钮 4164， 以及设置在驱动件 4161和头壳 411 之间的第二弹性件 4165。 手动推动拨钮 4164， 拨钮 4164通过推杆 4163带动 驱动件 4161相对导向件 4162转动。
驱动件 4161 大致呈中空状柱体， 套设在轴体 4121的下段 4125上， 可围 绕轴线 XI转动。 驱动件 4161 包括位于上部的第一柱体 41611和位于下部且 外径较大的第二柱体 41612， 第一柱体 41611 的外側壁上间隔开设有轴向设 置的第一槽 41613和第二槽 41614。 第二柱体 41612 自其底部开设有两对称 设置的驱动槽 41615，以与主动件 4151 的凸出部 4154配合。第二弹性件 4165 的一端收容在第一柱体 41611 的第一槽 41613内，另一端固定在头壳 411上。
导向件 4162为圆环状， 套设在驱动件 4161 的第一柱体 41611上， 其上 设有周上设置的滑槽 41621。 推杆 4163 包括竖直设置的弧形片状的定位部 41631、 自定位部 41631 水平向外延伸的导杆部 41632及将拨钮 4164连接在 导杆部 41632的自由端上的销 41633， 定位部 41631收容在驱动件 4161 的第 一柱体 41611 的第二槽 41614 内， 导杆部 41632 穿过导向件 44162 的滑槽 41621。
如图 22和图 23所示， 为了使固定件 413能够在轴向方向更好地上下移 动， 在固定件 413的杆部 4132与输出轴 412的轴体 4121之间轴向上设有第 三弹性件 4134。 第三弹性件 4134套设在杆部 4132的顶端， 一端抵靠在固定 件 413的卡持部 4133上， 另一端抵靠在轴体 4121 的下段 4125的顶壁上。
参考图 21至图 23， 重点描述多功能机 4100的头壳 411 内部分元件的组 装过程。首先，将驱动机构 415的主动件 4151安装在输出轴 412的轴座 4122 内， 并将第一弹性件 4156设置在轴座 4122和主动件 4151之间； 接着， 将配 合件 4152 安装至主动件 4151 的上方， 使配合件 4152 的第二啮合部 41526 与主动件 4151 的第一啮合部 4155相对应； 然后， 将固定件 413的杆部 4132 自上而下插入配合件 4152内，使固定件 413的卡持部 4133收容在配合件 4152 的凹部 41524 内且过盈配合， 固定件 413被配合件 4152轴向支撑住， 杆部 4132的末端延伸出输出轴 412，再将固定件 413的压持部 4131 螺紋连接在杆 部 4132 的末端； 接着， 将第三弹性件 4134套设在固定件 413 的杆部 4132 的上端， 使第三弹性件 4134—端抵靠卡持部 4133, 另一端抵靠轴体 4121 的 下段 4125的底壁； 然后， 将轴体 4121安装在轴座 4122上， 使两耳部 41251 分别收容在两凹槽 41264内， 并使主动件 4151的两凸出部 4154分别收容在 轴体 4121的两导向槽 41252内； 最后， 将操作机构 416的驱动件 4161套设 在轴体 4121 的下段 4125上， 再将拨钮 4164和推杆 4163、 导向件 4162三者 组合后一起套设在驱动件 4161 的第一柱体 41611上， 使推杆 4163的定位部 41631对应收容在第一柱体 41611上的第二槽 41614内， 并使主动件 4151 的 两凸出部 4154分别位于驱动件 4161 的两驱动槽 41615 内； 至此， 头壳 411 内主要元件的组装完成。
下面结合图 23至图 30, 从四个状态描述本实施方式多功能机 4100的工 作头 414的安装和拆卸过程。 操作机构 416使驱动机构 415能够在第一配合 位置和第二配合位置之间移动转换， 在第二配合位置时， 能够将工作头 414 从一側插入， 工作头 414的缺口 4146穿过杵部 4132后， 使固定件 413的杆 部 4132位于工作头 414的中心孔 4144内，工作头 414的安装部 4141位于固 定件 413的压持部 4131和输出轴 412的承接部 4126之间。 驱动机构 415从 第二配合位置移动到第一配合位置的过程中， 固定件 413轴向上移， 减少压 持部 4131和承接部 4126的底壁 41261之间的距离，最终使压持部 4131将工 作头 414的安装部 4141压紧在压持部 4131和承接部 4126之间， 工作头 414 被固定。相反， 驱动机构 415从第一配合位置移动到第二配合位置的过程中， 固定件 413轴向下移， 压持部 4131和承接部 4126的底壁 41261之间的距离 增大， 工作头 414 的安装部 4141 被释放， 可将工作头 414从一側自输出轴 412上拆卸下来。
如图 23和图 24所示， 为多功能机 4100处于第一状态的示意图， 此时驱 动机构 415 处于第二配合位置。 在此位置中， 主动件 4151 克服第一弹性件 4156的弹力， 相对配合件 4152顺时针旋转了一定角度， 主动件 4151的第一 啮合部 4155和配合件 4152的第二啮合部 41526完全错开， 第一弹性件 4156 被压缩。 在第三弹性件 4134和配合件 4152 自身重力的作用下， 配合件 4152 轴向下移一定距离， 直到配合件 4152的下表面 41525抵靠到主动件 4151的 上表面 41531。 另外， 配合件 4152 的第二限位部 41527收容到主动件 4151 的第一限位部 41532内， 从而可限制主动件 4151在第一弹性件 4156的作用 下， 逆时针回转。 此时， 固定件 413 处于释放位置， 压持部 4131 和承接部 4126之间间隔的距离较大， 大于工作头 414的安装部 4141 的厚度， 因此， 可将工作头 414从一側安装至输出轴 412或者从输出轴 412上拆卸。
需要指出， 上述驱动机构 415的第一配合位置是通过外部力驱动操作机 构 416来带动主动件 4151转动一定角度，同时克服第一弹性件 4156的扭力。 在该配合位置， 即使撤消了外部力， 由于主动件 4151 的第一限位部 41532 与配合件 4152的第二限位部 41527配合， 主动件 4151尽管受到第一弹性件 4156的扭力作用，仍然不能逆时针回转，从而使固定件 413保持在释放位置。
如图 25和图 26所示， 为多功能机 4100处于第二状态的示意图， 此时驱 动机构 415处于第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间。 使用者通过按压固定件 413的压持件 4131，杆部 4132通过卡持部 4133克服第三弹性件 4134的弹力 带动配合件 4152轴向上移一定距离， 固定件 413的压持部 4131 尚未压紧工 作头 414的安装部 4141, 另外， 在本状态中， 虽然配合件 4152轴向上移了 一定距离， 但是配合件 4152的第二限位部 41527尚未与主动件 4151的第一 限位部 41532在轴向上完全脱开，第二限位部 41527仍会对第一限位部 41532 起到限位作用。 因此， 主动件 4151在第一弹性件 4156的逆时针方向的扭力 下，仍然不会发生转动，此时主动件 4151 的第一啮合面 41551与配合件 4152 的第二啮合面 41528在轴向上形成一定间距。
如图 27和图 28所示， 为多功能机 4100处于第三状态的示意图， 此时驱 动机构 415依然处于第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间。 固定件 413被进一 步上推， 并带动配合件 4152进一步轴向上移， 使配合件 4152的第二限位部 41527与主动件 4151 的第一限位部 41532轴向上完全脱离开。 主动件 4151 受配合件 4152的阻力被去除后， 在第一弹性件 4156的扭力作用下， 开始逆 时针转动。 主动件 4151相对配合件 4152 围绕轴线 XI 转动， 通过第一啮合 面 41551 与第二啮合面 41528的配合， 驱动配合件 4152轴向上移。 在本状态 中， 固定件 413的压持部 4131与工作头 414的安装部 4141之间仍然存在一 定轴向间距， 此时压持部 4131 尚未挤压住安装部 4141, 工作头 414仍未被 夹紧。
如图 29和图 30所示， 为多功能机 4100处于第四状态的示意图， 此时驱 动机构 415处于第一配合位置，工作头 414被夹紧在固定件 413的压持部 4131 与输出轴 412的承接部 4126之间。在第一弹性件 4156的扭力下，主动件 4151 进一步逆时针转动， 以使固定件 413 的压持部 4131 紧密挤压住工作头 414 的安装部 4141， 以轴向固定工作头 414。 当工作头 414的安装部 4141与固定 件 413的压持部 4131之间的轴向间距完全消除后，由于固定件 413的卡持部 4133被配合件 4152的凹部 41524支撑， 因此主动件 4151停止转动。 本实施 方式中， 第一啮合面 41551的第一升角较小， 设为 9度， 从而使主动件 4151 的第一啮合面 41551与配合件 4152的第二啮合面 41528配合时，能够在轴向 上实现自锁， 避免工作头 45受到的轴向栽荷过大时， 而出现松脱。 另外， 在 驱动机构 415 由第二配合位置移动至第一配合位置的过程中， 主动件 4151 旋转移动的距离大于配合件 4152 轴向上移的距离， 以保证在第一配合位置 时， 主动件 4151和配合件 4152之间能够形成自锁。
需要指出， 本实施方式中， 主动件 4151的第一啮合面 41551的第一升角 并不限于 9度， 主动件 4151 的材质为钢或铁， 第一啮合面 14551 的摩擦系数 在 0.1~0.15之间， 根据斜面自锁原理， 因此第一升角在 9~17度之间均可以 实现自锁。 显然， 当主动件 4151 为其它材质时， 第一升角的范围也会相应改 变。
以上， 详细描述了本实施方式多功能机 4100的工作头 414的夹紧过程， 工作头 414的释放过程则与夹紧过程相反。 参照图 21 至图 30, 当需要将工 作头 414从输出轴 412上拆卸时， 只需手动扳动操作机构 416的拨钮 4164， 使驱动件 4161 顺时针转动。 驱动件 4161 转动一定角度后， 其驱动槽 41615 与主动件 4151 的凸出部 4154开始啮合， 进而驱动主动件 4151顺时针转动。 主动件 4151相对配合件 4152转动时，第一啮合面 41551与第二啮合面 41528 相对旋转， 使配合件 4152在第三弹性件 4134的弹力作用下， 轴向下移， 直 至配合件 4152的第二限位部 41527插入到主动件 4151 的第一限位部 41532 内， 使配合件 4152的下表面 41525抵接到主动件 4151 的上表面 41531。
配合件 4152轴向下移的过程中， 会带动固定件 413轴向下移， 并最终将 固定件 413从输出轴 412内推出一定距离，使压持部 4131与工作头 414的安 装部 4141之间形成间隙， 释放工作头 414， 从而可以将工作头 414从输出轴 412上拆卸下来。
综上所述， 本实施方式的多功能机 4100通过设置具有主动件 4151和配 合件 4152的驱动机构 415， 主动件 4151和配合件 4152上分别对应设置第一 啮合面 41551和第二啮合面 41528，且第一啮合面 41551和第二啮合面 41528 均设置为凸轮面。 主动件 4151 围绕轴线 XI 转动时， 能够通过第一啮合面 41551和第二啮合面 41528的配合驱动配合件 4152轴向移动， 从而使带动固 定件 413的压持部 4131压紧或释放工作头 414。 本结构方便操作， 且在第一 啮合面 41551 的升角设在一定范围后， 能够实现斜面自锁， 从而保证工作的 稳定性。驱动机构 415在第一配合位置时，主动件 4151刚性支撑配合件 4152, 配合件 4152进一步刚性支撑固定件 413, 从而能够防止工作头 414在负栽过 大时出现松动而打滑。 需要指出， 本处的 "刚性支撑" 是指固定件 413被驱 动机构 415支撑后， 在轴向外力作用下， 驱动机构 415不会轴向上不会发生 形变、 不能够被弹性压缩。
另外， 通过在主动件 4151 和输出轴 412之间设置第一弹性件 4156, 可 在安装固定件 413时， 使主动件 413从第二配合位置自动旋转回复至第一配 合位置， 节省了操作步骤， 提高了多功能机 4100的操作便捷性。
需要指出， 本实施方式中， 主动件 4151轴向上位于配合件 4152的下方， 第一啮合面 41551设置为凸轮面。 本发明并不限于本实施方式， 第一啮合面 也可以设置为其它曲面， 或者与轴线 XI 成锐角的平面。 另外， 工作头 414 的安装部 4141 上设置了缺口 4146， 使工作头 414能够从一側安装至输出轴 412 上。 本发明并不限于上述实施方式， 工作头的安装部上也可以不设置缺 口， 该种工作头安装时， 可以将固定件的压持部先从杆部上移除， 将工作头 安装至固定件的杆部后， 再将压持部安装到杆部上。
具体实施方式五
上述第四实施方式中， 驱动机构的主动件轴向上位于配合件的下方， 显 然， 主动件也可以设置成位于配合件的上方， 此时可将配合件与输出轴设置 为一体。 下面结合图 31至图 39, 描述本发明的第五实施方式。
一并参考图 31和图 34， 本实施方式的多功能机 4200包括壳体 421、 安 装在壳体 421 内的输出轴 422、设置在输出轴 422内的驱动机构 423、延伸出 壳体 421 的操作机构 424、 安装在输出轴 422末端的工作头 425 以及用于固 定工作头 425的固定件 426。 壳体 421 具有头壳 4211, 输出轴 422设置在头 壳 4211 内， 并延伸出头壳 4211 的下端。 操作机构 425设置在输出轴 422内， 且部分延伸出头壳 4211 的上端。
输出轴 422 为中空状， 包括轴体 4221 和安装在轴体 4221 下方的轴座 4222,轴体 4221 包括圆柱状上段 42211和位于上段 42211 下方且直径较大的 下段 42212， 轴座 4222包括平板状承接部 42221。
固定件 426包括平板状压持部 4261及自压持部 4261轴向向上延伸的杆 部 4262, 杆部 4262 的自由端设有 "T" 型卡持部 4263。 工作头 425 包括设 置在输出轴 422的承接部 42221 和固定件 426的压持部 4261 之间的安装部 4251, 安装部 4251—側设有缺口 4252。
驱动机构 423能够在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换， 带动固定 件 426轴向移动， 从而使固定件 426 的压持部 4261 压紧或释放工作头 425 的安装部 4251。 驱动机构 423 包括能够相对转动的主动件 4231 和配合件 4232, 主动件 4232 围绕输出轴 422 的轴线 X2转动时， 通过与配合件 4232 的啮合， 主动件 4231被驱动而轴向上移， 最终带动固定件 426轴向上移。 另 外， 驱动机构 423在从第二配合位置移动至第一配合位置的过程中， 主动件 4231转动的距离大于其轴向上移的距离， 以保证驱动机构 423在第一配合位 置时， 能够稳定地支撑固定件 423， 防止固定件 423出现松动。
结合图 32至图 34, 主动件 4231 轴向上位于配合件 4232的上方， 其包 括大致呈柱状的基部 42311和安装在基部 42311上方的空心柱状套筒 42312。 基部 42311 包括圆形顶壁 42313和自顶壁 42313的两侧分别轴向延伸的第一 啮合部 42314。第一啮合部 42314为端面凸轮状，顶部形成第一啮合面 42315， 第一啮合面 42315具体为凸轮面。 顶壁 42313 的上部设有圆形凹部 42316, 下部轴向凸出延伸有第一限位部 42317。 凹部 42316 的底壁上开设有可供固 定件 426的卡持部 4263穿过的中孔 42318, 中孔 42318为扁方形， 因此卡持 部 4263旋转一定角度后， 能够卡持在凹部 42316内， 从而使固定件 426和主 动件 4231轴向上相对固定。套筒 42312的下端收容在基部 42311的凹部 42316 内， 且过盈配合， 套筒 42312的顶部形成两轴向上凸出延伸且相对设置的第 一驱动部 42319。
本实施方式中， 配合件 4232—体成型在输出轴 4422的轴座 4222上，相 对输出轴 422固定设置。 配合件 4232包括自轴座 4222的承接部 42221轴向 向上延伸的空心柱状基体 42321 和尺寸较小的空心柱状内套 42322， 以及自 基体 42321 的两侧分别轴向延伸的第二啮合部 42323。 内套 42322上开设有 能够与主动件 4231 的第一限位部 42317配合的第二限位部 42324, 第二限位 部 42324具体为凹槽。 第二啮合部 42323与主动件 4231 的第一啮合部 42315 分别对应配合， 形状也基本相同， 为端面凸轮， 具有为凸轮面的第二啮合面 42325。
主动件 4231和配合件 4232之间还设置有第一弹性件 4233, 能够使驱动 机构 423在第二配合位置自动回复至第一配合位置。 驱动机构 423还包括轴 向设置在主动件 4231上方的第二弹性件 4234， 主动件 4231轴向上移后， 会 压缩第二弹性件 4234。 操作机构 424用于驱动主动件 423 1 围绕轴线 X2转动， 从而使驱动机构 423在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换。 操作机构 424具体包括位于 头壳 421 1顶部的手柄 4241、 连接在手柄 4241 下方的驱动杆 4242 , 以及设置 在手柄 4241和驱动杆 4242之间的第三弹性件 4243。 驱动杆 4242大致呈圓 柱状， 其顶端为扁方， 与手柄 4241周向不可转动地连接； 驱动杆 4242的下 端两側分别开设有凹槽，形成与主动件 4231的第一驱动部 423 19配合的第二 驱动部 42421。
通过操作操作机构 424的手柄 4241 围绕轴线 X2转动时， 手柄 4241 带 动驱动杆 4242转动，驱动杆 4242通过第二驱动部 42421与主动件 4231 的第 一驱动部 423 19配合， 带动主动件 423 1 围绕轴线 X2转动。 主动件 4231相 对配合件 4232转动时， 通过第一啮合部 423 14和第二啮合部 42323的配合， 主动件 423 1带动固定件 426轴向上下移动，从而使固定件 426的压持部 4261 压紧或释放工作头 425的安装部 425 1。 驱动机构 423在第一配合位置时， 固 定件 426压紧工作头 425， 在第二配合位置时， 固定件 426释放工作头 425。
下面结合图 35至图 40， 从三个状态描述本实施方式多功能机 4200的工 作头 425的安装和拆卸过程。 如图 35和图 36所示， 第一状态中， 驱动机构 423位于第二配合位置。 此时， 主动件 4231克服第一弹性件 4233的弹力后， 旋转了一定角度， 主动件 423 1 的第一啮合部 243 14与配合件 4232的第二啮 合部 42323脱开啮合。 主动件 4231在轴向上下降到较低的位置， 从而带动固 定件 426的压持部 4261远离输出轴 422的承接部 4222移动， 使压持部 4261 与工作头 425的安装部 425 1之间出现间隙，最终释放工作头 425。在此状态， 主动件 423 1 的第一限位部 423 17和配合件 4232的第二限位部 42324配合， 限制主动件 423 1在第一弹性件 4233的弹力下， 顺时针回转， 从而使驱动机 构 423保持在第二配合位置。
如图 37和图 38所示， 第二状态中， 驱动机构 423位于第二配合位置和 第一配合位置之间。 在驱动机构 423位于第二配合位置时， 通过手动按压固 定件 426的压持部 4261， 固定件 426的杆部 4262带动主动件 423 1—起轴向 上移， 并使主动件 423 1 的第一限位部 423 17 和配合件 4232 的第二限位部 42324脱开啮合。 在此状态， 主动件 423 1 受第一弹性件 4233 的弹力作用， 开始相对配合件 4232顺时针转动。 主动件 423 1相对配合件 4232转动时， 通 过第一啮合面 423 1 5和第二啮合面 42325的配合，主动件 4231被进一步驱动 而轴向上移， 使驱动机构 423 自动地朝向第一配合位置移动。 如图 39和图 40所示， 第三状态中， 驱动机构 423从第二配合位置移动 到了第一配合位置。 在此状态， 驱动机构 423的主动件 423 1在第二状态中， 继续相对配合件 4232 围绕轴线 X2转动， 主动件 423 1 进一步轴向上移。 主 动件 423 1 同时带动固定件 426轴向上移， 直到固定件 426的压持部 4261压 紧工作头 425的安装部 4251， 将工作头 425稳定地固定在输出轴 422的承接 部 4222上。 在此过程中， 主动件 423 1 的第一驱动部 423 19只在配合件 4232 的第二驱动部 42421 内滑动， 不会周向啮合而带动手柄 4241转动。
上述三个状态描述了驱动机构 423 由第二配合位置移动至第一配合位 置，以压紧并固定工作头 425的过程。工作头 425的拆卸过程则与工作头 425 的固定过程大致相反， 通过操作机构 424， 使驱动机构 423 由第一配合位置 移动至第二配合位置， 使固定件 426轴向下移， 以释放工作头 425。 具体是， 在驱动机构 423位于第一配合位置时， 手动操作手柄 4241顺时针转动， 手柄 4241 的第二驱动部 42421 与主动件 423 1 的第一驱动部 423 19啮合， 带动主 动件 423 1相对配合件 4231 围绕轴线 X2顺时针转动。 主动件 423 1相对配合 件 4232转动后， 第一啮合面 4231 5相对第二啮合面 42325顺时针转动， 主动 件 423 1 同时受到第二弹性件 4234的作用， 开始轴向下移， 并最终带动固定 件 426轴向下移， 使固定件 426的压持部 4261释放工作头 425， 从而可将工 作头 425从输出轴 422的承接部 4222上拆卸下来。
具体实施方式六
上述第四和第五实施方式中， 驱动机构的主动件均是围绕输出轴的轴线 旋转， 从而使配合件轴向移动， 使驱动机构在第一配合位置和第二配合位置 之间移动。 但是本发明并不限于上述结构， 本发明的驱动机构也可以采用其 它结构， 如主动件围绕垂直于输出轴的轴线垂直的直线旋转。 下面结合图 41 至图 45 , 对本发明第六实施方式进行描述。
如图 41和图 43所示， 本实施方式具体是一种多功能机 4900， 包括头壳 490、 安装在头壳 490内的输出轴 491、 可轴向移动地固定在输出轴 491 内的 固定件 492、 驱动固定件 492 轴向移动的驱动机构 493、 设置在固定件 492 和输出轴之间的工作头 494， 以及可操作地驱动驱动机构 493移动的操作机 构 495。 驱动机构 493可在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间移动， 从而使 固定件 492夹紧或释放工作头 494。驱动机构 493上还设有第一弹性件 4930， 能够使驱动机构 493从第二配合位置自动回复至第一配合位置。
固定件 492具有压持部 4921和自压持部 4921 的中心轴向向上延伸的杆 部 4922„ 如图 41和图 44所示， 此时驱动机构 493处于第二配合位置， 固定 件 492的压持部 4921 与工作头 494的安装部 4941之间具有一定间隙， 工作 头 494未被固定件 492的压持部 4921 压紧， 从而可将工作头 494从输出轴 491上拆卸下来。 如图 42和图 45所示， 此时驱动机构 493处于第一配合位 置， 固定件 492的压持部 4921与工作头 494的安装部 4941之间的间隙被消 除， 工作头 494被固定件 492的压持部 4921压紧， 工作头 494被夹紧在固定 件 92和输出轴 491之间。
如图 43所示， 本实施方式中， 输出轴 491具有轴线 X3 , 具体包括轴向 依次设置的轴体 491 1 轴套 4912和轴座 4913。 其中， 轴套 4912大致呈中空 圆柱状， 轴套 4912的两侧对称开设有两通孔 4914 , 轴座 4913的底部为用于 安装工作头 494的承接部 4913 1。 驱动机构 493具体包括主动件 493 1、 支撑 在主动件 493 1上的配合件 4932和连接在主动件 493 1上的第一弹性件 4913。 主动件 493 1转动时， 能够驱动配合件 4932轴向上下移动。
主动件 4931具有垂直于轴线 X3的轴线 X4 ,其包括沿轴线 X4延伸的圆 柱状轴部 4934和连接于轴部 4934—端的凸轮部 4935。 轴部 4934与凸轮部 4935相对的另一端加工有扁方部 49341。 凸轮部 4935大致为扇形， 为周向凸 轮， 且呈大致垂直于轴线 X4 的平板状， 其具有到轴线 X4 距离较近的低端 4935 1和到轴线 X4距离较远的高端 49352 , 低端 4935 1和高端 49352之间共 同形成第一啮合面 49353 , 第一啮合面 49353为凸轮面。
本实施方式中， 主动件 493 1共有两个， 并相对于轴线 X3对称设置。 装 配时， 两轴部 4934安装在轴套 4912两側的通孔 4914内， 并可围绕轴线 X4 转动， 两凸轮部 4935 则收容在轴套 4912 的内部。 每个主动件 493 1 与轴座 4913之间均设有一个第一弹性件 4933 , 驱动机构 493在第二配合位置时， 第 一弹性件 4933被主动件 493 1拉伸一定长度， 从而可使驱动机构 493从第二 配合位置自动回复至第一配合位置。
本实施方式中， 配合件 4932与固定件 492—体成型， 设置在固定件 492 的杆部 4922上。 显然， 配合件 4932也可以与固定件 492分体设置。 配合件 4932收容在轴套 491 2 内， 且在轴向上被主动件 493 1 的凸轮部 4935支撑。 配合件 4932 大致呈 " T" 型， 包括位于顶部的平板状配合段 4936和位于配 合段 4936下方的支撑段 4936。 配合段 4936垂直于轴线 X3， 垂直于轴线 X3 的截面为圆形， 两侧分别相对于支撑段 4936凸出一段距离， 从而形成分别与 主动件 493 1 的凸轮部 4935配合的啮合部 49361。 两啮合部 49361 分別轴向 支撑在主动件 493 1 的凸轮部 4935上方， 啮合部 49361底部形成有与凸轮部 4935的第一啮合面 49353配合的第二啮合面 49362 , 本实施方式中， 第二啮 合面 49362具体为垂直于轴线 X3的平面。
另外， 驱动机构 493还包括设在配合件 4932与输出轴 491 的轴体 491 1 之间的第二弹性件 4938。 本实施方式中， 驱动机构 493由第一配合位置移动 到第二配合位置时， 可通过主动件 493 1 的转动带动配合件 4932克服第三弹 性件 4938的弹力而上移； 也可以在驱动机构 493位于第二配合位置时， 通过 轴向按压固定件 492 , 通过固定件 492来带动配合件 4932轴向上移。
操作机构 495可手动操作， 以使驱动机构 493在第一配合位置和第二配 合位置之间转换。本实施方式中，操作机构 495主要包括手柄 495 1，手柄 4951 大致呈 U型， 其具有相对的两臂部 4952， 臂部 4952的自由端设有 U型开槽 4953。 主动件 493 1 的两扁方部 49341分别收容在手柄 495 1 的开槽 4953 内， 从而围绕轴线 X4转动手柄 495 1 时， 可通过开槽 4953与扁方部 49341 的配 合带动主动件 493 1 围绕轴线 X4转动。
下面结合图 44和图 45 , 具体描述本实施方式中工作头 494的安装和拆 卸过程。 使用时， 通过手动扳动手柄 495 1 围绕轴线 X4往复转动， 从而使驱 动机构 493在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换， 从而使固定件 492轴 向移动，使固定件 492的压持部 492 1压紧或释放工作头 494的安装部 4941。 手柄 495 1逆时针转动时， 通过开槽 4953与扁方部 49341 的配合， 带动主动 件 4931转动；主动件 4931 的第一啮合面 49353与配合件 4932的第二啮合面 9362的啮合，依次从凸轮部 4935的低端 4935 1滑动到高端 49352 , 从而在轴 向上撑起配合件 4932， 使配合件 4932轴向上移， 进而通过固定件 492的杆 部 4922带动固定件 492整体轴向上移， 使固定件 492的压持部 4921压紧工 作头 494。 驱动机构 493释放工作头 494的过程则相反， 只需在驱动机构 493 位于第一配合位置时， 逆时针扳动手柄 4951 即可。
具体参考图 44， 此时驱动机构 493位于第二配合位置， 固定件 492的压 持部 4921 与输出轴 491 的承接部 4913 1之间存在较大间隙，因此可将工作头 494从一侧安装至输出轴 491 或从输出轴 491 上拆卸下来。 在此位置， 手柄 495 1 大致垂直于输出轴 491 , 主动件 4931 的凸轮部 4935的低端 4935 1 支撑 配合件 4932的啮合部 49361。 在第二弹性件 4938的作用下， 配合件 4932轴 向下移至较低的位置， 进而带动固定件 492轴向下移， 使固定件 492的压持 部 4921 与工作头 494的安装部之间的间距增大， 最终释放工作头 494。 具体参考图 45 , 在驱动机构 493位于第二配合位置时， 手动轴向向上按 压固定件 492的压持部 4921 , 固定件 492带动配合件 4932克服第二弹性件 4938的弹力轴向上移。此时，在第一弹性件 4933的弹性拉力下，主动件 4931 会逆时针自动回转， 进而带动手柄 4951 大致逆时针旋转 90度， 使驱动机构 493由图 37所示的第二配合位置移动至第一配合位置， 最终使固定件 492的 压持部 4921压紧工作头 494。 此时， 固定件 492被配合件 4932刚性支撑， 配合件 4932被主动件 493 1 刚性支撑， 因此， 固定件 492的压持部 4921相对 输出轴 491 的承接部 4913 1之间的距离保持不变。 需要指出， 本处的 "刚性 支撑" 是指固定件 492被驱动机构 493支撑后， 在轴向外力作用下， 驱动机 构 493不会轴向上不会发生形变、 不能够被弹性压缩。
手柄 495 1 在逆时针旋转过程中， 带动主动件 493 1 围绕其轴线 X4逆时 针转动， 使凸轮部 4935 的第一啮合面 49353 与配合件 4932 的第二啮合面 49362 相对滑动， 啮合位置依次从凸轮部 4935 的低端 4935 1 移动到高端 49352 ,从而使配合件 4932克服第二弹性件 4938的弹力，轴向上移一定距离。 驱动机构 493位于第一配合位置时，主动件 4931的凸轮部 4936的高端 49362 支撑配合件 4932的第二啮合面 49362 , 由于第一啮合面 49353为凸轮面， 因 此在一定条件下， 第一凸轮面 49353与第二啮合面 49362之间形成自锁， 从 而可避免固定件 492出现松动， 可以稳定地夹紧工作头 494。
本实施方式中， 通过驱动机构 493在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间 移动， 使固定件 492轴向移动以压紧或释放工作头 494， 从而可在无需其它 辅助工具的作用下， 拆卸或安装工作头 494。 另外， 本实施方式中的主动件 493 1 和配合件 4932均采用金属材质， 因此， 能够保证固定件 492被刚性支 撑， 不会出现松动， 以便稳定地固定工作头 494。
通过以上三个具体实施方式的理解， 可以理解， 本发明的动力工具主要 是通过设置相对运动的主动件和配合件， 使驱动机构在第一配合位置和第二 配合位置之间移动。 固定件支撑在主动件和配合件两者之一上， 在第一配合 位置时， 使固定在轴向上位于较高位置以夹紧工作头； 在第二配合位置时， 固定件在轴向上位于较低的位置以释放工作头。 主动件和配合件上可以设置 能够相互配合的第一啮合面和第二啮合面，在驱动机构位于第一配合位置时， 两啮合面之间形成自锁， 从而能够稳定地支撑工作头。 主动件可以相对配合 件旋转运动， 此时第一啮合面可以设置为凸轮面， 也可以是斜面， 或者是能 够实现自锁的其它曲面。 另外， 驱动机构在其主动件上还连接有第一弹性件， 能够使主动件运动 后， 自动复位到初始位置， 以使驱动机构能够在一定条件下， 自动地从第二 配合位置回复到第一配合位置。驱动机构与输出轴之间还安装有第二弹性件， 当驱动机构从第一配合位置移动到第二配合位置时， 第二弹性件能够弹性地 将固定件从输出轴上推出。
需要指出， 本发明的动力工具并不限于上述实施方式， 驱动机构并不限 于采用金属材质， 也可以采用非金属材质， 或者弹性材质。 主动件也并不限 于相对于配合件转动运动， 也可以是相对于配合件平动， 只要能使主动件或 配合件两者之一轴向上移动即可。 另外， 主动件或从动件也不限于分别设置 第一啮合面和第二啮合面， 只要主动件或从动件中轴向上位于下方的一个设 置第一啮合面， 另外一个设置与该啮合面配合的点、 线即可。
另外，本发明的动力工具中的锁紧机构并不限于上述实施方式中的结构， 本领域技术人员可以很容易想到， 同样可以使用如背景技术中所采用的锁紧 机构， 也可以是其它方式， 只要锁紧机构需要轴向上移动以锁紧或释放固定 件的即可。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1 . 一种动力工具， 包括：
壳体；
输出轴， 能够围绕其自身轴线旋转往复摆动运动， 用于安装并驱动工作 头工作， 所迷输出轴设有延伸出所述壳体的承接部；
固定件， 包括用于将所述工作头固定在所述输出轴的承接部上的压持部； 以及
驱动机构， 能够在第一配合位置和第二配合位置之间转换， 在所述第一 配合位置， 使所迷固定件的压持部压紧所述工作头； 在所述第二配合位 置， 使所述固定件的压持部释放所述工作头；
其特征在于： 所迷驱动机构包括能够相对运动的主动件和配合件， 移动 所述主动件， 能够带动所述固定件轴向移动， 在第一配合位置时， 所述 固定件被所述主动件或所述配合件支撑而轴向固定。
2. 如权利要求 1所迷的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述主动件相对所述配合件 转动运动，使所述驱动机构在所述第一配合位置和所述第二配合位置之间 移动。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述主动件上设置有第一啮 合部， 所述配合件上设置有与所述第一啮合部配合的第二啮合部， 所述第 一啮合部和所述第二啮合部两者之一设有用于配合的第一啮合面。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一啮合面为凸轮面。
5. 如权利要求 3所迷的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所迷第一啮合面为平面， 所 迷第一啮合面与所述输出轴的轴线成锐角。
6. 如权利要求 3所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一啮合部和第二啮合 部两者之中的另外一个设有与所述第一啮合面配合的第二啮合面。
7. 如权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述主动件围绕所述输出轴 的轴线或平行于所述输出轴的轴线的直线转动。
8. 如权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述主动件围绕垂直于所述 输出轴的轴线的直线转动。
9. 如权利要求 1所迷的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述驱动机构位于所述第二 配合位置时， 所迷主动件和所述配合件之间形成自锁。
10.如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述驱动机构从所述第二配 合位置移动至所述第一配合位置的过程中，所述主动件移动的距离大于所 述固定件在轴向上移动的距离。
如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述驱动机构位于所述第二 配合位置时， 所述固定件被所述驱动机构刚性支撑， 所述固定件的压持部 相对所述输出轴的承接部之间的轴向距离保持不变。
如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述固定件包括压持部和自 压持部轴向延伸入所述输出轴内的杆部，所述杆部与所述主动件或所述配 合件配接。
如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述驱动机构上还设有第一 弹性件， 按压所述固定件轴向移动时， 在所述第一弹性件的作用下， 所述 驱动机构从所述第二配合位置自动回复至所述第一配合位置。
如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具还包括操作机 构， 通过操作所述操作机构， 能够带动所述驱动机构在第一配合位置和第 二配合位置之间移动。
如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述主动件上设有第一限位 部， 所述配合件上设有第二限位部， 在驱动机构位于第二配合位置时， 所 述第一限位部与所述第二限位部配合， 限制所述主动件的转动。
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