WO2012006867A1 - 动力工具 - Google Patents

动力工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012006867A1
WO2012006867A1 PCT/CN2011/001157 CN2011001157W WO2012006867A1 WO 2012006867 A1 WO2012006867 A1 WO 2012006867A1 CN 2011001157 W CN2011001157 W CN 2011001157W WO 2012006867 A1 WO2012006867 A1 WO 2012006867A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
output shaft
clamping member
power tool
clamping
sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/001157
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李成道
霍立祥
吴海全
李辉
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Publication of WO2012006867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012006867A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power tool, in particular a hand-held power tool.
  • the multifunction machine is a common hand-held power tool in the industry. It works by swinging the output shaft around its longitudinal axis. Therefore, when the user installs different working heads on the free end of the output shaft, such as a straight saw blade, a circular saw blade, a triangular sanding disc, and a shovel-type scraper, a variety of different operating functions can be realized, such as sawing and cutting. , grinding, scraping, etc., to adapt to different work needs.
  • the more common multi-function machine on the market generally includes a motor.
  • the motor shaft of the motor is connected with an eccentric pin, and a bearing is sleeved on the eccentric pin to form an eccentric wheel structure.
  • the eccentric structure can perform an eccentric rotational motion about the axis of the motor shaft.
  • the output shaft of the multi-function machine is disposed perpendicular to the motor shaft, and a fixed fork assembly is connected to the output shaft, and the fork assembly is formed with two opposite extending arms, which surround the eccentric structure, and the two extending arms
  • the inner side is in close contact with the bearing in the eccentric wheel structure, so that when the eccentric wheel is eccentrically rotated, the eccentric wheel structure drives the shifting fork to generate a horizontal oscillating motion, and the output shaft is fixed by the fixed connection of the shift fork and the output shaft. Swing around its axis. After installing different working heads on the free end of the output shaft, the multi-function machine can realize a variety of operating functions under high-speed oscillating motion.
  • the attachment is usually mounted on the mounting end of the free end of the output shaft through the mounting hole of the attachment, and then inserted into the output shaft through the attachment mounting hole and fixed by the locking member, thereby fixing the attachment to the output shaft.
  • the mounting holes of the accessory are generally regular regular polygons, and the mounting portion of the output shaft is also a regular polygon corresponding to the mounting holes.
  • the above attachments are fixed in such a way that they clamp the attachment in the axial direction and lack the clamping force in the radial direction. Therefore, in long-term work, especially in the case of a large load, the simple axial clamping force is insufficient to transmit the required torque, which causes the radial slip of the attachment relative to the output shaft, affecting the use of the tool.
  • the present invention provides a power tool including a head case, an output shaft extending from the head case, an elastic holder disposed at a free end of the output shaft, and mounted on the holder
  • the working head on the piece, the output shaft drives the working head to move by the clamping member.
  • the free end of the output shaft is provided with a push rod extending into the clamping member, the clamping member being operatively disposed between the first position and the second position relative to the push rod along a longitudinal axis of the output shaft motion.
  • the clamping member In the first position, the clamping member has a first radial dimension to clamp the working head; in the second position, the clamping member has a second radial dimension to release the working head, The first radial dimension is greater than the second radial dimension.
  • the end of the push rod is provided with a boss, the side of the boss is formed as a first inclined surface, and the clamping member is provided with a pawl sleeved around the periphery of the boss, the pawl A second inclined surface engageable with the first slope is formed inside.
  • the boss has a prismatic shape.
  • the boss has a truncated cone shape.
  • a transmission member is disposed between the output shaft and the clamping member, and the output shaft transmits torque to the clamping member through the transmission member.
  • the power tool further includes a sleeve mounted on a free end of the output shaft and a quick-change clamping device, the clamping member being received in the sleeve and axially interposed with the sleeve Provided thereon, an elastic member, under the action of the elastic member, the clamping member is in a first position for clamping the working head, and operating the quick-change clamping device enables the clamping member to be first The position is moved to a second position in which the working head is released.
  • the quick-change clamping device comprises an operating member, a pressing rod assembly disposed in the output shaft, and a self-locking assembly connected to the pressing rod assembly, and the self-locking assembly is disposed between the clamping member and the clamping member Having a pin, operating the operating member to move the self-locking assembly along a longitudinal axis of the output shaft by the pressing bar assembly, the self-locking assembly further driving the clamping member by the pin The longitudinal axis of the output shaft moves.
  • the gripping member is threaded to the free end of the output shaft, and the gripping member is rotatable relative to the push rod along a longitudinal axis of the output shaft.
  • the power tool further includes a sleeve mounted at a free end of the output shaft and rotatable relative to the output shaft, the clamping member being received in the sleeve, an inner side wall of the sleeve a spiral-shaped track is disposed thereon, and the clamping member is provided with a protrusion that can be received in the track of the sleeve, and the sleeve is transported to make the protrusion of the clamping member in the sleeve
  • the rail slides to move the gripper along the longitudinal axis of the output shaft.
  • the holding member includes a flange portion and a pawl extending from one side of the flange portion, and a tip end of the pawl is formed with a mounting portion to which the working head can be mounted.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are: by providing a push rod and an elastic clamping member at the free end of the output shaft, Operating the clamping member to move relative to the push rod along the longitudinal axis of the output shaft to engage or disengage the clamping member from the push rod, thereby allowing the clamping member to be radially expanded or contracted to radially clamp or release the working head, This makes it easy to install the working head and prevent radial slippage of the working head during use.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a power tool according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective exploded view of the power tool shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the first position of the power tool of Figure 1, wherein the quick change clamping device is in the clamped position, and the work head holding the anti-slip mechanism is in the tensioned position.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the second positional state of the power tool of Figure 1, in which the lock of the quick change clamp just abuts against the stop.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the fourth position of the power tool shown in Fig. 1, wherein the working head holding the anti-slip mechanism is in the retracted position.
  • Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the position A in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the position B of Fig. 4.
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the state of the third position of the power tool of Figure 1, wherein the quick change clamp is in the release position.
  • Figure 9 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the position C in Figure 5.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the self-locking sleeve of Figure 2.
  • Figure 1 1 is a perspective view of the fastener in Figure 2.
  • Figure 1 2 is a perspective view of the self-locking assembly of Figure 2.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the self-locking assembly of Figure 12.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the self-locking assembly of Figure 2 mated with the chamber of the output shaft.
  • Figure 15 is an exploded view of the working head holding anti-slip mechanism of Figure 2.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing the holding member of the working head holding the anti-slip mechanism in the radial opening and tensioning state in Fig. 15.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the holding member of the working head holding the anti-slip mechanism in the radial contraction state in Fig. 15 .
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the fastener with the fastening member in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the fastener with the fastening member in the third embodiment.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the fastener with the fastening member in the fourth embodiment.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the fastener with the fastening element in the fifth embodiment.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the fastener with the fastening member in the sixth embodiment.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the locker in the seventh embodiment.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view showing the fastener in the eighth embodiment.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic illustration of the fastener in the nine embodiment.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view showing the clamping anti-slip mechanism in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 27 is a T% diagram showing the anti-slip mechanism in the eleventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 28 is a view showing the illustration of the grip anti-slip mechanism in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Figure 29 shows a schematic view of the bushing in Figure 28.
  • Second elastic member 328 First elastic member 414. Second inclined surface
  • a power tool in particular, an oscillating machine, comprising a casing 1 extending longitudinally and a head connected to the front end of the casing 1 (defined as the front end in the right side of FIG. 1)
  • the casing 2 and the output shaft 3 extending from the head casing 2 are provided.
  • a motor (not shown) is disposed in the casing 1, and a switch 4 is further disposed on the casing 1 to control the opening or closing of the motor.
  • the head case 2 includes a horizontal portion 21 connected to the casing 1 and disposed in the horizontal direction in Fig. 1, and a vertical portion 22 extending substantially vertically downward from the end of the horizontal portion 21.
  • the output shaft 3 is disposed in a vertical direction, one end of which is mounted in the head casing 2, and the other end extends downward from the vertical portion 22 of the head casing 2, and is oscillatingly movable about its longitudinal axis X, such as a swinging direction
  • the double arrow in Figure 1 shows.
  • a working head 6 can be mounted on the free end of the output shaft 3 via a fastening member 50.
  • the working head 6 is a straight saw blade, and the working head 6 is on the belt of the output shaft 3. You can make a swing motion along the direction of the double arrow in Figure 1.
  • the fastening member 50 includes a flat platen 501 and a stem portion 502 extending upward from the center of the pressing plate 501. The end of the stem portion 502 is provided with a fitting portion 503 having a smooth cylindrical surface.
  • the oscillating machine includes a quick change clamp that is changeable in a release position and a clamp position for quickly disassembling the fastening member 50 mounted at the end of the output shaft 3.
  • the quick change clamping device includes a self-locking assembly 300 disposed within the output shaft 3 and capable of clamping or releasing the fastening member 50 and a brake assembly for clamping or releasing the fastening member 320.
  • the brake assembly includes an operating member 100 disposed on the horizontal portion 21 of the head casing 2 and a pressure bar assembly 200 selectively contacting the operating member 100.
  • the self-locking assembly 300 includes a self-locking sleeve 310 and receiving The lock 320 is within the self-locking sleeve 310.
  • the output shaft 3 includes an upper casing 31 and a lower casing 32, which are respectively supported by upper and lower bearings 23, 24 located inside the head casing 2.
  • the inside of the output shaft 3 is formed with a chamber 33 having oppositely disposed upper surfaces 34 and lower surfaces 35 in the axial direction, and the above
  • the plunger assembly 200 and the self-locking assembly 300 of the quick change clamp are disposed in the chamber 33 of the output shaft 3.
  • the operating member 100 is a cam wrench including a separately disposed handle 150 and a cam portion 110.
  • the end of the handle 150 is provided with two parallel opposing pivot joints 151.
  • the cam is driven.
  • the portion 110 is rotated.
  • two support frames 130 and 140 are disposed on the horizontal portion 21 of the head case 2, and the pivot joint 151 of the handle 150 is placed between the support frames 130 and 140.
  • the cam portion 110 is further placed on the two pivot joints 151.
  • the handle 150 and the cam portion 110 are pivotally connected between the two support frames 130, 140, respectively, by a pivot pin 120.
  • the cam portion 110 has two arcuate rotating surfaces 101, 102 with respect to the pivot pin 120, wherein the distance of the first rotating surface 101 from the pivot pin 120 is less than the distance of the second rotating surface 102 from the pivot pin 120.
  • the user can rotate the operating member 100 between two rotational positions by pulling the handle 150. In the first rotational position, the first rotating surface 101 of the cam portion 110 is disengaged from the pressing rod assembly 200, and in the second rotational position. Upper, the second rotating surface 102 of the cam portion 110 is in contact with the strut assembly 200.
  • first rotating surface 101 of the cam portion 110 and the pressing rod assembly 200 may not be disengaged, but are always in contact with the pressing rod assembly 200 during the rotation of the operating member 100 as long as the distance of the first rotating surface 101 is
  • the distance of the pivot pin 120 may be smaller than the distance of the second rotating surface 102 from the pivot pin 120.
  • the pressure bar assembly 200 includes a pressing rod 210, a second elastic member 220, and a spacer 260 located below the second elastic member 220.
  • a baffle 230 is formed on the pressing rod 210 in a radial direction.
  • the baffle 210 can be divided into two parts by the baffle 230, that is, the self-heading shell 2
  • the pressure head 240 and the circumferential diameter extending from the horizontal portion 21 are slightly smaller than the pressure rod tail 250 of the pressure head 240.
  • the pressure bar head 240 extends out of the head case 2, is located below the pivot pin 120 and is opposite to the cam portion 110, and the presser tail 250 is mated with the self-locking assembly 300 also disposed inside the output shaft 3.
  • the second elastic member 220 is sleeved on the presser tail 250, one end of which abuts the baffle 230, and the other end is located in the chamber 33 of the output shaft 3 and is also sleeved on the tail end 250 of the press rod.
  • the spacers 260 are abutted. It should be noted that, in the inner chamber 33 of the output shaft 3, a shoulder portion 36 is further formed, and the spacer 260 is disposed on the shoulder portion 36 to restrict the axial movement of the second elastic member 220.
  • the operating members 100 are sequentially located at the first, second, third, and fourth rotational positions, respectively.
  • the strut assembly 200 is disposed in the internal chamber 33 of the output shaft 3 and is movable in the axial direction of the output shaft 3 in accordance with the rotation of the operating member 100.
  • the first rotating surface 101 and the pressing head 240 are disengaged, and at this time, the elastic force of the pressing rod 2 10 at the second elastic member 220 Moving to the top of the inner chamber 33 of the output shaft 3, the baffle 230 is in contact with the upper surface 34 of the inner chamber 33.
  • the self-locking assembly 300 includes a self-locking sleeve 3 10 and a lock 320 located within the self-locking sleeve 3 10 .
  • the self-locking sleeve 3 10 is substantially stepped, and includes a sleeve 330 having a substantially hollow cylindrical shape and a self-locking cavity 340 connected to the sleeve 330 and also having a hollow cylindrical shape, and the self-locking cavity 340
  • the radial dimension is greater than the radial dimension of the sleeve 330.
  • the strut tail 250 of the above-mentioned strut 2 1 0 is inserted and fixed in the sleeve 330 so that the sleeve 330 can be moved in the axial direction.
  • the self-locking cavity 340 is for receiving the locking member 320, and includes a side wall 341 and a top wall 342, and a circular opening 343 is formed in the side wall 341.
  • a square mounting opening 344 is formed on the other side of the side wall 341 with respect to the opening 343 for mounting the locking member 320 in the self-locking cavity 340.
  • the locker 320 includes a body 32 1 in the form of a flat plate that can be inserted into the self-locking cavity 340 from the mounting opening 344.
  • the locking member 320 has a pivot joint 322 extending from one side of the main body 321 corresponding to the opening 343, and the pivot joint 322 can be inserted into the opening 343.
  • the main body 321 of the locker 320 is provided with a through hole 323 penetrating in the axial direction of the output shaft 3 for insertion of the fastening member 50, and the inner side wall of the through hole 323 is provided with a locking portion 324.
  • the locking portion 324 can be mated with the outer surface of the mating portion 503 of the fastening member 50 to clamp the fastening member 50.
  • the through hole 323 is not a standard cylindrical shape, but is substantially in the shape of an inner spindle, and specifically, the radial dimension from the both ends to the middle portion is gradually reduced.
  • the through hole 323 has an upper inner surface 325 and a lower inner surface 326 which are arranged in a circular shape and are symmetrically disposed.
  • the locking portion 324 is disposed between the upper inner surface 325 and the lower inner surface 326 and has an inner surface which is a smooth cylindrical surface.
  • two side by side first grooves 327 are also provided along the axial direction of the output shaft 3.
  • the first KJ slot corresponds to the top wall 342 of the self-locking cavity 340.
  • the lock member 320 can be held in the tilt lock position in the initial state.
  • an anti-rotation groove 345 is further provided on the outer side of the side wall 341 of the self-locking cavity 340.
  • an anti-rotation pin 37 is further disposed in the inner chamber 33 of the output shaft 3, and the anti-rotation pin 37 is directly received in the anti-rotation groove 345 for limiting the radial direction of the self-locking assembly 300. Rotate.
  • the output shaft 3 is further provided with a stopping member extending into the chamber 33.
  • a stopping member extending into the chamber 33.
  • the pressing rod 3 10 moves the self-locking assembly 300 axially downward under the action of the operating member 100, one end of the locking member 320 abuts against the above.
  • the stop thereby moving the lock 320 from the tilted position to a vertical position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the output shaft 3.
  • the stopper is a stopper pin 39.
  • On the lower casing 32 a receiving hole 38 is provided along the extending direction of the locker 320, and the above-mentioned stopper pin 39 is mounted in the receiving hole 38. In the axial direction, the stop pin 39 is located directly below the lock 320.
  • the specific operation process of the quick-change clamping device of the power tool of the present invention is as follows. After the fastening member 50 is inserted into the self-locking assembly 300, that is, after the shank portion 502 of the fastening member 50 is inserted into the through hole 323 in the locking member 320, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, when the user operates the operating member 100 When rotated to the second rotational position, the pressure bar assembly 200 causes the self-locking sleeve 3 10 to move along the longitudinal axis of the output shaft 3 away from the operating member 100. At this time, the main body 321 of the locking member 320 is stopped. The stop pin 39 makes contact and is blocked by the stop pin 39.
  • the operating member 100 continues to rotate to the third rotational position, and the pressing rod assembly 200 is further axially moved downward, thereby driving the self-locking assembly 300 to continue axially downward; one end of the locking member 320 is stopped.
  • the pin 39 is stopped, and the pivot joint 322 at the other end is further axially moved downward by the self-locking sleeve 310, so as to be rotated integrally to a horizontal position about a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the output shaft 3, and relative to The longitudinal axis of the output shaft 3 is in a vertical position; at this time, the locking portion 324 in the through hole 323 of the fastener 320 is not in contact with the fitting portion 503 of the fastening member 50, and the fastening member 50 is In the released state, it can be easily removed from the output shaft 3.
  • the pressing rod assembly 200 will move the self-locking sleeve 3 1 0 axially upward, and further, by means of the lock.
  • the mating between the pivot joint 322 of the firmware 320 and the circular opening 343 on the self-locking cavity 340 also drives the lock 320 up.
  • the first elastic member 328 is disposed between the other end of the locking member 320 and the self-locking cavity 340, the other end of the locking member 320 is not moved upward by the elastic force, and the final result is the locking device.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the locking member 320 in the horizontal direction is at least 4.7.
  • a lateral clamping force is generated between the locking portion 324 in the through hole 323 and the engaging portion 503 of the fastening member 50, and at the same time, the main body 321 and the stopper pin 39 of the locking member 320 are not produced.
  • Contact thereby tightly clamping the stem 502 of the fastening element 50 to the fastener 320.
  • the size of the tilt angle ⁇ is determined according to the specific size of the fastener 320 and the fastening component 50 and the friction coefficient between the two. Therefore, the inclination angle ⁇ will vary with the lock 320 and The specific dimensions and materials of the fastening elements 50 vary.
  • the self-locking assembly 300 is axially moved downward by a distance,
  • the body 321 of the fastener 320 comes into contact with the stop pin 39, and the inclination of the lock 320 becomes small, but the lock 320 has not yet reached the vertical position, at which time the force between the fastening member 50 and the lock 320 is reduced.
  • the user can quickly mount the fastening member 50 to the output shaft 3 or quickly remove the fastening member 50 from the output shaft 3 by merely operating the operating member 100. It can be quickly installed or replaced with a quick and convenient operation and strong clamping force.
  • the power tool further includes a working head clamping anti-skid mechanism for preventing the radial clamping force of the output shaft 3 and the working head 6 from being attached to the output shaft 3 after the working head 6 is connected to the output shaft 3. And the phenomenon that the work head 6 slips.
  • the clamping anti-slip mechanism includes a push rod 400 extending downward from the free end of the output shaft 3 , a hollow sleeve 420 connected to the end of the output shaft, and being received in the sleeve 420 .
  • the clamping member 41 0 is sleeved on the above-mentioned push rod 400
  • the third elastic member 430 is axially disposed between the clamping member 410 and the sleeve 420, so that the clamping member 410 can move axially relative to the sleeve 420.
  • a rib-shaped boss 401 is extended at the end of the push rod 400, and a side surface of the boss 401 is formed as a first slope 402.
  • the clamping member 410 itself is an elastic material, and includes a flange portion 411 and a pawl 412 extending downward from one side of the flange portion 411.
  • the pawl 412 is substantially cylindrical and is radially spaced apart into the same size. Six equal parts.
  • the end of the pawl 412 is provided with a mounting portion 415 for mounting the working head 6 and having a hexagonal cross section.
  • the inside of the pawl 412 is formed with a hexagonal-shaped receiving cavity 413, and the receiving cavity 413 and the protruding rod 400 are convex.
  • the table 401 is fitted and sleeved on the outside of the boss 401.
  • a second inclined surface 414 is formed in the receiving cavity 413 of the holding member 410 with respect to the first inclined surface 402 of the push rod 400.
  • the sleeve 420 has an inner end surface 421 along the axial direction and a spacer 450 on the inner end surface 421.
  • the third elastic member 430 is sleeved on the pawl 412, one end of which is in contact with the flange portion 411 of the clamping member 410, and the other end is in contact with the spacer 450 on the inner end surface 421 of the sleeve 420.
  • the flange portion 411 is selectively coupled to the self-locking assembly 300 by a plurality of pins 440 extending through the lower surface 35 of the interior chamber 33 to permit the clamp member 410 to move in the axial direction.
  • the bottom end of the pin 440 abuts against the upper surface of the flange portion 411 of the holder 410, and the top end thereof opposes the bottom of the self-locking sleeve 310 of the self-locking assembly 300.
  • the self-locking sleeve 310 of the self-locking assembly 300 is disengaged from the pin 440 and the fastening member 50 is clamped.
  • the second inclined surface 411 of the clamping member 410 abuts against the first inclined surface 402 of the push rod 400, so that the mounting portion 415 of the pawl 412 of the clamping member 410 is Maintaining the largest outer radial dimension in the radial direction, i.e., the first radial dimension A, can thereby apply the greatest lateral force to the mounting aperture 61 of the working head 6, preventing the working head 6 from slipping laterally during the swing.
  • the pressure bar assembly 200 will drive the self-locking assembly 300 further axially downward.
  • the bottom of the self-locking sleeve 310 will contact the top end of the pin 440, and the pressure is transmitted to the clamping member 410 by the pin 440, thereby driving the clamping member 410.
  • Move down axially After the clamping member 410 is moved axially downward, since the push rod 400 remains stationary in the axial direction, the second inclined surface 411 of the clamping member 410 will be disengaged from the first inclined surface 402 of the push rod 400.
  • the pawl 412 of the clamping member 410 due to the elasticity of the pawl 412 of the clamping member 410, when the second inclined surface 411 of the clamping member 410 is disengaged from the first inclined surface 402 of the push rod 400, the pawl 412 is contracted to the initial state, and the pawl 412 is mounted.
  • the outer radial dimension of portion 415 becomes minimum
  • the second radial dimension B, the lateral force exerted by the pawl 412 on the mounting hole 61 of the working head 6, is then unloaded. At this time, the user first removes the fastening member 50, and then the working head 6 can be easily removed from the holder 410.
  • the working head 6 is first mounted to the end of the clamping member 410, and then the fastening member 50 is used. Inserted into the self-locking assembly 300 in the output shaft 3; the operating member 100 is then pulled to the first rotational position, during which the operating member 100 undoes the force on the pressing rod assembly 200, in the second elastic member 220. Under the action of the pressure bar assembly 200, the self-locking assembly 300 is moved up to the initial position, the bottom of the self-locking sleeve 310 will be gradually separated from the top end of the pin 440; the clamping member 410 is in the third elastic member.
  • the elastic force of the 430 is axially moved upward, so that the second inclined surface 411 is gradually fitted to the first inclined surface 402 of the push rod 400, and the pawl 412 of the clamping member 410 is gradually convex by the push rod 400 in the radial direction.
  • the table 401 is opened to clamp the working head 6 by applying a sufficient lateral clamping force to the mounting hole 61 of the working head 6 through the mounting portion 415, thereby preventing the working head 6 from being opposed to the clamping member 410 during operation. Rotate, guarantee output 3 the rotational torque transmitted through the holder 410 to better working head 6, the working head 6 has a higher efficiency.
  • the inner surface of the locking portion 324 of the locking member 320 of the quick-change clamping device is a smooth cylindrical surface
  • the engaging portion 502 of the fastening member 50 and the locking portion 324 also has a smooth cylindrical surface.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially identical in construction to the first embodiment described above, except for the fastening member 51.
  • the fastening member 51 also includes a flat plate-shaped pressure plate 511 and a rod portion 512 extending upward from the center of the pressure plate 511.
  • the end portion of the rod portion 512 is also provided with a fitting portion 513 that cooperates with the locking portion 324 of the lock member 320.
  • the difference is that if the fitting portion 513 is provided with a plurality of grooves 514 in the circumferential direction, when the fastening member 51 is clamped by the locking portion 324 of the locking member 320, the locking portion 324 is just caught in the groove 513. .
  • the fastening member 52 also includes a flat plate-shaped pressure plate 521 and a rod portion 522 extending upward from the center of the pressure plate 521.
  • the end portion of the rod portion 522 is also provided with a fitting portion 523 that cooperates with the locking portion 324 of the above-mentioned fastener 320. .
  • the shape of the fitting portion 523 is not The cylindrical shape, but the waist shape which gradually decreases from the both ends to the intermediate diameter, can also increase the axial force between the engaging portion 523 and the locking portion 324 of the lock 320, thereby preventing the fastening member 52 from slipping and the shaft. Move to.
  • the fastening member 53 also includes a pressing plate 53 1 and a rod portion 532 extending upward from the center of the pressing plate 53 1 .
  • the end portion of the rod portion 532 is also provided with a fitting portion 533 that cooperates with the locking portion 324 of the locking member 320 .
  • the fitting portion 533 of the fastening member 53 has a small top end and a middle portion of a wine barrel shape which allows the rod portion 532 of the fastening member to be more easily inserted into the through hole 323 of the lock member 320.
  • the fastening member 54 also includes a flat plate-shaped pressure plate 541 and a rod portion 542 extending upward from the center of the pressure plate 541.
  • the end portion of the rod portion 542 is also provided with a fitting portion 543 that cooperates with the locking portion 324 of the above-mentioned fastener 320. .
  • the engaging portion 543 of the fastening member 54 is substantially in the shape of a truncated cone, and the structure can also increase the axial force between the engaging portion 543 and the locking portion 324 of the locking member 320, preventing the fastening member 54 from slipping. And the axial movement.
  • the fastening member 55 and the lock member 320 are different from the above-described embodiments.
  • the fastening member 55 also includes a flat plate-shaped pressure plate 55 1 and a rod portion 552 extending upward from the center of the pressure plate 55 1 .
  • the end of the rod portion 552 is also provided with a matching portion with the locking portion 324 of the above-mentioned locking member 320 .
  • Part 553. The difference is that the outer surface of the engaging portion 553 of the fastening member 55 and the inner surface of the locking portion 324 of the locking member 320 are respectively coated with friction layers 554, 3241 to increase the locking portion 324 and the fitting portion 553.
  • the clamping force between the two prevents the fastening member 55 from slipping and moving axially.
  • the seventh to ninth embodiments of the present invention are respectively shown.
  • the inner surface of the locking portion 324 of the locking member 320 is further provided with a recessed portion 3242 to increase the force between the locking portion 324 and the engaging portion of the fastening member.
  • the inner surface of the locking portion 324' of the locking member 320 is not a smooth cylindrical surface, but a partially spherical surface that protrudes outward; likewise, as shown in FIG.
  • the inner surface of the locking portion 324" of the locking member 320 is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the locking portions 324' and 324" can be well matched with the mating portions of the fastening member.
  • the inner surface of the locking portion of the locking member may be provided with an internal thread
  • the outer surface of the engaging portion of the fastening member is provided with an external thread for locking
  • the grip anti-slip mechanism in the present invention is not limited to the structure employed in the above embodiment. As long as the clamping member is movable relative to the push rod on the longitudinal axis of the output shaft, the clamping member is expanded by the push rod to have a larger first radial dimension to clamp the working head or to contract and have a smaller second Radial size to release the working head.
  • the nip prevention mechanism in the tenth to twelfth embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to Figs. 26 to 29, respectively.
  • the boss 701 at the end of the push rod 700 has a truncated cone shape instead of a hexagonal prism.
  • a third groove 702 is defined in a sidewall of the lower casing 32 of the output shaft, and a transmission member 703 extending in the axial direction from the third groove 702 is further disposed in the third groove 702.
  • the third groove 702 of the flange portion 711 of the clamping member 710 corresponding to the lower casing 32 is provided with a fourth groove 712. After assembly, the transmission member 703 partially protrudes into the fourth groove 712.
  • the boss 401 at the end of the push rod 400 has a hexagonal shape, and the lower casing 32 of the output shaft transmits torque to the holder 410 through the boss 401.
  • the lower housing 32 of the output shaft transmits torque to the holder 710 via the transmission member 703.
  • the quick-change clamping device, the boss 420 and the third elastic member 430 and the spacer 450 as in the first embodiment are not provided.
  • the nip prevention mechanism includes only the push rod 800 and the elastic holding member 810 provided at the end of the lower casing 32 of the output shaft.
  • the end of the push rod 800 is provided with a truncated boss 801, and the top end of the push rod 800 is provided with an external thread 802.
  • the clamping member 810 includes a flange portion 811 and a pawl 812.
  • the inner side wall of the clamping member 810 is provided with an internal thread 813 engageable with the external thread 802 of the push rod 800.
  • the clamping member 810 is coupled to the push rod 800 by the internal thread 813 and the external thread 802 of the push rod 800.
  • the rotating clamping member 810 can move the clamping member 810 up and down along the longitudinal axis of the output shaft, thereby making the push rod
  • the boss 801 of the 800 is engaged or disengaged from the pawl 812 of the clamp member 810, causing the pawl 812 to be expanded or contracted, thereby radially clamping or releasing the working head (not shown).
  • the clamping anti-slip mechanism includes a push rod 900 disposed at an end of the lower housing 32 of the output shaft, a sleeve 920 connected to the end of the lower housing 32, and a sleeve disposed around the push rod 90 and received in the sleeve 920.
  • the sleeve 920 is radially rotatable relative to the lower housing 32.
  • the inner side wall of the sleeve 920 is axially provided with a guiding groove 921 and a spiral track 922 disposed radially and communicating with the guiding groove 921.
  • the clamping member 910 includes a flange portion 911 and a pawl 912 extending from a side of the flange portion 911, and the outer side wall of the pawl 912 is disposed There are protrusions 913.
  • the projection 913 can be received in the guide groove 921 and the rail 922, and can slide in the guide groove 921 and the rail 922.
  • the projection 913 of the clamping member 910 is first aligned with the guiding groove 921 of the sleeve 920 and axially slid into the guiding groove 921, so that the clamping member 910 is received in the sleeve 920.
  • the sleeve 920 carrying the clamping member 910 is then coupled to the free end of the lower housing 32, at which time the inner side wall of the clamping member 910 mates with the ribbed boss 901 of the push rod 900, the clamping member 910
  • the radial rotation is limited by the boss 901.
  • a working head (not shown) is mounted on the pawl 912 of the clamping member 910, and then the sleeve 920 is rotated clockwise so that the projection 913 of the clamping member 910 slides within the rail 922 of the sleeve 920.
  • the clamping member 910 is moved upwardly in the axial direction, so that the clamping member 910 is engaged with the boss 901 of the push rod 900 to be expanded, so that the radial dimension of the pawl 912 of the clamping member 910 is increased and the diameter is increased. Clamp the working head up.
  • the sleeve 920 is rotated counterclockwise, and the clamping member 910 is driven by the sleeve 920 to move axially downward and separate from the push rod 900, thereby making the diameter of the pawl 912 The size is reduced to release the work head.

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Abstract

一种动力工具，包括头壳、自所述头壳中延伸而出的输出轴、设置在输出轴的自由端的弹性夹持件及安装在所述夹持件上的工作头，所述输出轴通过夹持件带动工作头运动。其中，所述输出轴的自由端设置有延伸入所述夹持件内的推杆，所述夹持件可操作地沿所述输出轴的纵向轴线相对所述推杆在第一位置和第二位置间运动。在第一位置时，所述夹持件具有第一径向尺寸以夹紧所述工作头；在第二位置时，所述夹持件具有第二径向尺寸以释放所述工作头，所述第一径向尺寸大于所述第二径向尺寸。本发明的动力工具，能够在径向上夹紧工作头并防止工作头在使用时打滑。

Description

动力工具 技术领域
本发明涉及一种动力工具， 尤其是一种手持式的动力工具。
背景技术
多功能机是业界常见的手持式的动力工具， 它的工作原理是输出轴围绕 自身的纵向轴线做摆动运动。 因此， 当用户在输出轴的自由端上安装有不同 的工作头后， 如直锯片、 圓锯片、 三角形磨砂盘、 铲型刮刀后， 可以实现多 种不同的操作功能， 如锯、 切、 磨、 刮等， 以适应不同的工作需求。
目前市场上较为常见的多功能机， 在结构上一般包括电机， 电机的电机 轴连接有偏心销， 在偏心销上套设有轴承， 从而构成一个偏心轮结构。 当电 机轴旋转时， 偏心轮结构可以围绕电机轴的轴心线做偏心旋转运动。 多功能 机的输出轴是垂直于电机轴设置的，在输出轴上固定的连接有一个拨叉组件， 拨叉组件形成有相对的两个延伸臂， 将偏心轮结构包围， 两个延伸臂的内侧 均与偏心轮结构中的轴承紧密接触， 从而当偏心轮做偏心旋转时， 偏心轮结 构会带动拨叉产生水平方向上的摆动运动，又借助拨叉与输出轴的固定连接， 使输出轴围绕其轴心线做摆动。 在输出轴的自由端安装不同的工作头后， 多 功能机即可以在高速的摆动运动下实现多种操作功能。
目前附件的安装， 一般是通过附件的安装孔安装在输出轴的自由端的安 装部上， 然后再通过锁定件穿过附件安装孔插入输出轴并固定， 从而把附件 固定在输出轴上。 其中， 附件的安装孔一般为规则正多边形， 输出轴的安装 部同样为与安装孔对应的正多边形。 上述附件的固定方式， 只是在轴向上对 附件进行夹紧， 而在径向上缺乏夹持力。 因此， 在长时间的工作中， 特别是 在载荷较大的情况下， 单纯轴向的夹持力不足以传递符合要求的扭矩， 则造 成附件相对输出轴的径向打滑， 影响工具的使用。
因此， 实有必要提供一种改进的动力工具， 以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种动力工具， 能够在径向上夹紧工作头并防止 工作头在使用时打滑。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供了一种动力工具， 其包括头壳、 自所述头 壳中延伸而出的输出轴、 设置在输出轴的自由端的弹性夹持件及安装在所述 夹持件上的所述工作头， 所述输出轴通过夹持件带动工作头运动。 其中， 所 确认本 述输出轴的自由端设置有延伸入所述夹持件内的推杆， 所述夹持件可操作地 沿所述输出轴的纵向轴线相对所述推杆在第一位置和第二位置间运动。 在第 一位置时， 所述夹持件具有第一径向尺寸以夹紧所述工作头； 在第二位置时， 所述夹持件具有第二径向尺寸以释放所述工作头， 所述第一径向尺寸大于所 述第二径向尺寸。
优选地， 所述推杆的末端设有凸台， 所述凸台的侧面形成为第一斜面， 所述夹持件设有套设在所述凸台外围的棘爪， 所述棘爪的内部形成有可与所 述第一斜面配合的第二斜面。
优选地， 所述凸台呈棱台形。
优选地， 所述凸台呈圆台形。
优选地， 所述输出轴与所述夹持件之间设置有传动件， 所述输出轴通过 所述传动件将扭矩传递给所述夹持件。
优选地， 所述动力工具进一步包括安装在所述输出轴的自由端的轴套及 快换夹紧装置， 所述夹持件收容在所述轴套内且与所述轴套之间在轴向上设 置有弹性件， 在所述弹性件的作用下， 所述夹持件处于夹紧所述工作头的第 一位置， 操作所述快换夹紧装置可使所述夹持件由第一位置运动至释放所述 工作头的第二位置。
优选地， 所述快换夹紧装置包括操作件、 设置在所述输出轴内的压杆组 件和与压杆组件相连的自锁组件， 所述自锁组件与所述夹持件之间设置有销 子， 操作所述操作件可通过所述压杆组件带动自锁组件沿所述输出轴的纵向 轴线移动， 所述自锁组件进而通过所述销子带动所述夹持件没所述输出轴的 纵向轴线移动。
优选地， 所述夹持件螺纹连接在所述输出轴的自由端， 旋转所述夹持件 可使其相对所述推杆沿所述输出轴的纵向轴线移动。
优选地， 所述动力工具进一步包括安装在所述输出轴的自由端并可相对 所述输出轴旋转的轴套， 所述夹持件收容在所述轴套内， 所述轴套的内侧壁 上设有螺旋线形轨道，所述夹持件上设有可收容在所述轴套的轨道内的凸起， 转运所述轴套可使所述夹持件的凸起在所述轴套的轨道内滑动， 从而带动所 述夹持件沿所述输出轴的纵向轴线移动。
优选地， 所述夹持件包括法兰部及自法兰部一侧延伸的棘爪， 所述棘爪 的末端形成有可安装所述工作头的安装部。
本发明的有益效果在于：通过在输出轴的自 由端设置推杆和弹性夹持件， 操作夹持件沿输出轴的纵向轴线相对推杆移动， 可使夹持件与推杆接合或分 离， 从而使夹持件径向被撑开或收缩， 从而径向夹紧或释放工作头， 从而可 方便安装工作头并可防止工作头在使用时出现径向打滑。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明动力工具第一实施方式的立体示意图。
图 2为图 1 所示动力工具的立体爆炸图。
图 3为图 1 所示动力工具的第一位置状态的剖面示意图， 其中快换夹紧 装置处于夹紧位置， 工作头夹持防滑机构处于张紧位置。
图 4为图 1 所示动力工具的第二位置状态的剖面示意图， 其中快换夹紧 装置的锁固件刚刚抵触到挡止件。
图 5为图 1 所示动力工具的第四位置状态的剖面示意图， 其中工作头夹 持防滑机构处于收缩位置。
图 6为图 3 中 A位置的局部放大示意图。
图 7为图 4中 B位置的局部放大示意图。
图 8为图 1 所示动力工具的第三位置状态的局部剖面放大示意图， 其中 快换夹紧装置处于释放位置。
图 9为图 5 中 C位置的局部放大示意图。
图 1 0为图 2中 自锁套管的立体示意图。
图 1 1 为图 2中锁固件的立体示意图。
图 1 2为图 2中 自锁组件的立体示意图。
图 1 3为图 1 2所示自锁组件的剖面示意图。
图 14为图 2中 自锁组件与输出轴的腔室配合的剖面示意图。
图 1 5为图 2中工作头夹持防滑机构的分解示意图。
图 1 6为图 1 5 中工作头夹持防滑机构的夹持件呈径向撑开张紧状态的示 意图。
图 1 7为图 1 5 中工作头夹持防滑机构的夹持件呈径向收缩靠拢状态的示 意图。
图 1 8所示为第二实施方式中锁固件与紧固元件配合的示意图。
图 1 9所示为第三实施方式中锁固件与紧固元件配合的示意图。
图 20所示为第四实施方式中锁固件与紧固元件配合的示意图。
图 2 1 所示为第五实施方式中锁固件与紧固元件配合的示意图。
图 22所示为第六实施方式中锁固件与紧固元件配合的示意图。 图 23所示为第七实施方式中锁固件的示意图。
图 24所示为第八实施方式中锁固件的示意图。
图 25所示为 九实施方式中锁固件的示意图。
图 26所示为第十实施方式中夹持防滑机构的示意图
图 27所示为第十一实施方式中夹持防滑机构的 T %图。
图 28所示为第十二实施方式中夹持防滑机构的示音图。
图 29所示为图 28 中轴套的示意图。
图示中的相关元件对应编号如下：
1. 机壳 31. 上壳体 345. . 防转槽
100. 操作件 310. . 自锁套管 347. . 第二凹槽
101. 第一旋转表面 32. 下壳体 35. 下表面
102. 第二旋转表面 320. , 锁固件 36. 轴肩部
110. 凸轮部 321. , 主体 37. 防转销
120. 枢转销 322. 枢接头 38. 收容孔
130. 支撑架 323. 穿孔 39. 止挡销
140. 支撑架 324. 锁紧部 4. 开关
150. 手柄 3241. 涂覆层 400. 推杆
151. 枢接头 3242. 凹陷部 401. 凸台
2. 头壳 324' . 锁紧部 402. 第一斜面
200. 压杆组件 324' '. 锁紧部 410. 夹持件
21. 水平部 325. 上内表面 411. 法兰部
210. 压杆 326. 下内表面 412. 棘爪
22. 竖直部 327. 第一 KJ槽 413. 收容腔
220. 第二弹性件 328. 第一弹性件 414. 第二斜面
23. 轴承 33. 腔室 415. 安装部
24. 轴承 330. 套管 420. 中空轴套
230. 挡板 34. 上表面 421. 内端面
240. 压杆头 340. 自锁腔 430. 第三弹性件
250. 压杆尾 341. 側壁 440. 销子
260. 垫片 342. 顶壁 450. 垫片
3. 输出轴 343. 开口 50. 紧固元件
300. 自锁组件 344. 安装口 501. 压板 502. 杆部 542. 杆部 801. 凸台
503. 配合部 543. 配合部 802. 第三凹槽
51. 紧固元件 55. 紧固元件 803. 外螺纹
511. 压板 551. 压板 810. 夹持件
512. 杆部 552. 杆部 811. 法兰部
513. 配合部 553. 配合部 812. 棘爪
514. 凹槽 554. 涂覆层 813. 内螺紋
52. 紧固元件 6. 工作头 900. 推杆
521. 压板 61. 安装孔 901. 凸台
522. 杆部 700. 推杆 910. 夹持件
523. 配合部 701. 凸台 911. 法兰部
53. 紧固元件 702. 第三 W槽 912. 棘爪
531. 压板 703. 传动件 913. 凸起
532. 杆部 710. 夹持件 920. 轴套
533. 配合部 711. 法兰部 921. 引导槽
54. 紧固元件 712. 第四 EJ槽 922. 轨道
541. 压板 800. 推杆 具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参阅图 1 和图 2, —种动力工具， 具体是一种摆动机， 其包括呈纵长 延伸的机壳 1、连接在机壳 1前端（以图 1 中右侧定义为前端）的头壳 2 以及自 头壳 2 中延伸而出的输出轴 3。 其中， 在机壳 1 内设置有电机（未图示）， 机壳 1 上还设有开关 4来控制电机的开启或关断。 头壳 2 包括与机壳 1 相连接且 沿着图 1 中水平方向设置的水平部 21和自水平部 21 的末端大致垂直向下延 伸的竖直部 22。 输出轴 3在竖直方向设置， 其一端安装在头壳 2 内， 另一端 自头壳 2 的竖直部 22 内向下延伸而出， 并且可以围绕自身的纵向轴线 X做 摆动运动， 摆动方向如图 1 中双箭头所示。
另外， 在头壳 2的内部， 还设置有业界在摆动机上所常用的偏心轮（未图 示）和拨叉组件（未图示）， 用以将电机的旋转输出扭矩转化为输出轴 3的摆动 输出扭矩。 如图 1 中所示， 在输出轴 3的自由端可通过紧固元件 50安装一工 作头 6, 本实施方式中工作头 6是一种直锯片， 该工作头 6在输出轴 3 的带 动下可以沿着图 1 中的双箭头方向做摆动运动。紧固元件 50包括平板状压板 501 及自压板 501 的中心向上延伸的杆部 502，杆部 502末端设有具有光滑圆 柱面的配合部 503。
请参阅图 2和图 3， 该摆动机包括可在释放位置和夹紧位置变换的快换 夹紧装置， 用于快速拆卸安装在输出轴 3末端的紧固元件 50。 该快换夹紧装 置包括设于输出轴 3内且可夹紧或释放紧固元件 50的自锁组件 300及使锁固 件 320夹紧或释放紧固元件的制动组件。 本实施方式中， 制动组件包括设置 在头壳 2的水平部 21上的操作件 100及与操作件 100可选择接触的压杆组件 200, 自锁组件 300 则包括自锁套管 310和收容在自锁套管 310 内的锁固件 320。 本实施方式中， 输出轴 3 包括上壳体 31和下壳体 32, 二者分别由位于 头壳 2 内部的上下两个轴承 23、 24支撑。 当上壳体 31 和下壳体 32连接为一 体后， 输出轴 3 的内部便形成有腔室 33， 该腔室 33 沿着轴向方向具有相对 设置的上表面 34和下表面 35, 而上述快换夹紧装置的压杆组件 200和自锁 组件 300均设置在输出轴 3的腔室 33 中。
继续参阅图 2和图 3, 操作件 100为一凸轮扳手， 其包括分体设置的手 柄 150和凸轮部 110, 手柄 150的末端设置有两平行相对的枢接头 151, 旋转 手柄 150时会带动凸轮部 110—起旋转。 另外， 头壳 2的水平部 21 上相对设 置有的两个支撑架 130、 140, 手柄 150的枢接头 151放置在上述支撑架 130、 140之间， 凸轮部 110进一步放置在两枢接头 151 之间， 然后通过一个枢转 销 120将上述手柄 150和凸轮部 110分别枢接在两支撑架 130、 140之间。 该 凸轮部 110相对于枢转销 120具有两个弧形旋转表面 101、 102, 其中的第一 旋转表面 101 距离枢转销 120的距离小于第二旋转表面 102距离枢转销 120 的距离。用户通过扳动手柄 150可使该操作件 100在两个旋转位置之间转动， 在第一旋转位置上， 凸轮部 110的第一旋转表面 101 与压杆组件 200脱离， 而在第二旋转位置上，凸轮部 110的第二旋转表面 102与压杆组件 200接触。 需要指出的是， 凸轮部 110的第一旋转表面 101 与压杆组件 200也可以不脱 离开， 而是在操作件 100的旋转过程中一直与压杆组件 200接触， 只要第一 旋转表面 101 距离枢转销 120的距离小于第二旋转表面 102距离枢转销 120 的距离即可。
继续参阅图 2和图 3, 上述压杆组件 200 包括压杆 210、 第二弹性件 220 及位于第二弹性件 220下方的垫片 260。 压杆 210上沿着径向方向延伸形成 有挡板 230， 借助该挡板 230, 所述压杆 210可以分成两个部分， 即自头壳 2 的水平部 21上延伸而出的压杆头 240和圆周直径略小于压杆头 240的压杆尾 250。 其中， 压杆头 240延伸出头壳 2后， 位于枢转销 120 下方并与凸轮部 1 1 0相对， 而压杆尾 250则与同样设置在输出轴 3 内部的自锁组件 300配接。 另外， 第二弹性件 220套设在压杆尾 250上， 其一端与挡板 230相抵接， 而 另一端则与位于输出轴 3的腔室 33中且同样套设在压杆尾 250上的上述垫片 260相抵接。 需要说明的是， 在输出轴 3的内部腔室 33 中， 还形成有一轴肩 部 36， 垫片 260设置在轴肩部 36上， 从而限制第二弹性件 220的轴向移动。
请依次参阅图 3、 图 4、 图 8和图 5 , 操作件 100分别依次位于第一、 第 二、 第三和第四旋转位置。 压杆组件 200设置在输出轴 3的内部腔室 33 中， 并可以随着操作件 1 00 的旋转作用而沿着输出轴 3 的轴向方向移动。 如图 3 所示， 当用户将操作件 100旋转至第一旋转位置上时， 第一旋转表面 101 与 压杆头 240呈脱离状态， 此时， 压杆 2 10在第二弹性件 220的弹力作用下移 动至输出轴 3 的内部腔室 33 的顶部， 挡板 230 与内部腔室 33 的上表面 34 接触。 如图 4、 图 8和图 5所示， 而当用户将操作件 1 00旋转至第二旋转位 置至第四旋转位置上时， 第二旋转表面 102与压杆头 240始终呈接触状态， 在此过程中， 压杆 210在操作件 100的作用下沿着输出轴 3远离操作件 1 00 的轴向方向移动， 并通过挡板 230 压缩第二弹性件 220 , 使第二弹性件 220 呈收缩状态。
请参阅图 2、 图 1 0至图 13 , 自锁组件 300包括自锁套管 3 10和位于自锁 套管 3 1 0 内的锁固件 320。 该自锁套管 3 1 0 大致呈台阶状， 其包括大致呈中 空圓柱体状的套管 330和连接于套管 330下方且同样为中空圆柱体状的自锁 腔 340 , 而且自锁腔 340的径向尺寸大于套管 330的径向尺寸。 上述压杆 2 1 0 的压杆尾 250插入并固定在套管 330中，从而可以带动套管 330在轴向移动。
自锁腔 340 用于收容锁固件 320 , 其包括侧壁 341 和顶壁 342， 在侧壁 341上形成有圆形的开口 343。 相对于开口 343 , 在侧壁 341 的另一侧形成有 方形的安装口 344 , 用于将锁固件 320安装在自锁腔 340 中。 该锁固件 320 包括呈平板状的主体 32 1 , 可以 自安装口 344插入到自锁腔 340 中。 并且， 锁固件 320对应开口 343 自主体 321 的一侧延伸有枢接头 322 ,该枢接头 322 可插入到开口 343 中。 锁固件 320的主体 321上设有一沿输出轴 3的轴向贯 穿的穿孔 323 , 用于紧固元件 50的插入， 且穿孔 323的内侧壁上设置有锁紧 部 324。 当锁固件 320整体轴向倾斜一定角度时， 锁紧部 324可与紧固元件 50的配合部 503的外表面相配接， 从而夹紧紧固元件 50。 需要注意的是， 本实施方式中， 穿孔 323并非标准的圆柱形状， 而是大 致呈内纺锤形， 具体是从两端至中部的径向尺寸逐渐变小。 穿孔 323具有呈 圓台状且对称设置的上内表面 325和下内表面 326 , 上述锁紧部 324设于上 内表面 325和下内表面 326之间且其内表面为光滑圓柱面。 在锁固件 320的 主体 32 1上相对于枢接头 322的一端， 还沿着输出轴 3的轴向方向设置有两 个并排的第一 槽 327。 相对的， 在自锁腔 340的顶壁 342上对应第一 KJ槽
327也设置有两个第二凹槽 347 ,两个第一弹性件 328分别对应的插入到第一 凹槽 327和第二凹槽 347 中。 通过设置第一弹性件 328， 可使锁固件 320在 初始状态时， 保持在倾斜锁紧位置。
另外， 请参阅图 2、 图 12和图 14 , 在自锁腔 340的侧壁 341 的外侧， 还 设置有防转槽 345。 对应该防转槽 345， 在输出轴 3的内部腔室 33 中还设置 有防转销 37 , 该防转销 37—直收容在防转槽 345 中， 用以限制自锁组件 300 的径向旋转。
输出轴 3上还设有一延伸入腔室 33 内的挡止件， 压杆 3 10在操作件 100 的作用下带动自锁组件 300轴向下移时， 锁固件 320的一端会抵靠到上述挡 止件， 进而使锁固件 320由倾斜位置移动至与输出轴 3的纵向轴线垂直的垂 直位置。 具体请参阅图 2和图 3 , 在本实施方式中， 上述挡止件为一止挡销 39。 在下壳体 32上， 沿着锁固件 320 的延伸方向设置有一收容孔 38， 上述 止挡销 39安装在该收容孔 38 中。 在轴向方向上， 该止挡销 39位于锁固件 320的正下方。
请参阅图 3至图 9， 本发明动力工具的快换夹紧装置具体操作过程如下。 当该自锁组件 300中插入了紧固元件 50后， 即紧固元件 50的杆部 502插入 到锁固件 320中的穿孔 323后， 如图 4和图 7所示， 当用户将操作件 100旋 转至第二旋转位置上时， 会使压杆组件 200带动自锁套管 3 10 沿着输出轴 3 的纵向轴线远离操作件 1 00的方向移动， 此时， 锁固件 320的主体 321 与止 挡销 39产生接触并被止挡销 39挡止。
如图 8所示，操作件 1 00继续旋转至第三旋转位置，并压迫压杆组件 200 进一步轴向下移， 进而带动自锁组件 300继续轴向下移； 锁固件 320的一端 被止挡销 39挡止，另一端的枢接头 322则在自锁套管 3 1 0的带动下继续轴向 下移， 从而整体围绕垂直于输出轴 3的纵向轴线的直线旋转至水平位置， 并 相对于输出轴 3 的纵向轴线呈垂直位置状态； 此时， 锁固件 320的穿孔 323 中的锁紧部 324与紧固元件 50的配合部 503之间不相接触， 紧固元件 50处 于被释放状态， 可以轻松从输出轴 3 中被取下。
如图 3和图 6所示， 而当用户将操作件 1 00旋转回第一旋转位置上时， 压杆组件 200将带动自锁套管 3 1 0轴向上移， 并进一步的， 借助锁固件 320 的枢接头 322与 自锁腔 340上的圆形开口 343之间的配接， 将锁固件 320也 带动上移。 同时， 由于锁固件 320的另一端与自锁腔 340之间设有第一弹性 件 328 , 在弹性力的作用下而使锁固件 320 的另一端未产生上移， 这样的最 终结果就是锁固件 320在自锁腔 340 内恢复至相对于输出轴 3的纵向轴线呈 倾斜的状态， 并进而夹紧紧固元件 50 , 且锁固件 320水平方向的倾角 Θ至少 为 4.7°。
如图 1 1 所示， 穿孔 323 中的锁紧部 324与紧固元件 50的配合部 503之 间将产生侧向的夹紧力， 同时， 锁固件 320的主体 321 与止挡销 39未产生接 触， 从而紧紧的将紧固元件 50的杆部 502夹紧在锁固件 320上。 此处需要说 明的是，该倾角 Θ的大小是根据锁固件 320及紧固元件 50的具体尺寸和两者 之间的摩擦系数而定的， 因此， 倾角 Θ的大小会随着锁固件 320及紧固元件 50的具体尺寸及材质的变化而变化。
反之，使用者将操作件 1 00再次旋转至第三旋转位置上时，压杆组件 200 克服第二弹性件 220的弹力下移， 带动自锁套管 3 10也下移， 使锁固件 320 恢复至水平状态，卸载掉锁固件 320的锁紧部 324与紧固元件 50之间产生的 侧向夹紧力， 使紧固元件 50可以 自由轴向运动， 由使用者自行拆卸。 另夕卜， 在如图 4和图 6所示的操作件 1 00旋转至介于第一旋转位置和第三旋转位置 之间的第二旋转位置， 自锁组件 300轴向下移一段距离， 锁固件 320的主体 321 与止挡销 39产生接触， 锁固件 320的倾角变小， 但是锁固件 320尚未到 达垂直位置， 此时紧固元件 50与锁固件 320之间的作用力减小。
通过这样的快换夹紧装置， 使用者可以只通过操作操作件 1 00就能实现 将紧固元件 50快速地安装至输出轴 3或从输出轴 3将紧固元件 50快速地拆 卸下来， 从而可迅速安装或更换工作头， 操作快捷便利且夹持力强。
请继续参阅图 2， 该动力工具还包括一个工作头夹持防滑机构， 用于在 输出轴 3上连接了工作头 6后， 防止因输出轴 3和工作头 6的安装孔径向夹 持力小而造成工作头 6打滑的现象。
请一并参阅图 1 5 至图 1 7， 该夹持防滑机构包括自输出轴 3 的自由端向 下延伸的推杆 400、连接在输出轴末端的中空轴套 420及收容在上述轴套 420 内并用于安装工作头的中空夹持件 41 0。 该夹持件 41 0 套设在上述推杆 400 上， 且在夹持件 410与轴套 420之间轴向设置有第三弹性件 430, 使夹持件 410可相对轴套 420轴向移动。
进一步的， 推杆 400末端延伸有六棱台状的凸台 401, 凸台 401 的侧面 形成为第一斜面 402。 夹持件 410本身为弹性材质， 其包括法兰部 411 及自 法兰部 411 的一侧向下延伸的棘爪 412， 该棘爪 412 大体呈圆柱状， 且径向 上被间隔成大小相同的六个等分。 棘爪 412 的末端设置有用于安装工作头 6 且横截面为六边形的安装部 415, 棘爪 412 的内部形成有六棱台状的收容腔 413, 该收容腔 413与推杆 400的凸台 401相配合并套设在凸台 401外侧。 其 中， 相对于推杆 400的第一斜面 402, 夹持件 410的收容腔 413 内形成有第 二斜面 414。 轴套 420沿着轴向方向具有内端面 421、 位于内端面 421上还设 置垫片 450。 上述第三弹性件 430套设在棘爪 412上， 其一端与夹持件 410 的法兰部 411接触，而另一端则与轴套 420的内端面 421 上的垫片 450接触。 另外， 法兰部 411通过一组贯穿内部腔室 33 的下表面 35的销子 440与 自锁 组件 300产生可选择性地连接，使夹持件 410可沿着轴向方向移动。销子 440 的底端抵靠在夹持件 410 的法兰部 411 的上表面， 其顶端则与 自锁组件 300 的自锁套管 310的底部相对。通过以上结构，从而可使夹持件 410的棘爪 412 的安装部 415的外部径向尺寸在夹紧工作头 6的第一径向尺寸 A和释放工作 头 6的第二径向尺寸 B之间变化。
请参考图 3和图 16,当操作件 100位于第一旋转位置上时，自锁组件 300 的自锁套管 310与销子 440呈脱离状态， 且紧固元件 50被夹紧。 此时， 夹持 件 410在第三弹性件 430的作用下， 其第二斜面 411 紧贴在推杆 400的第一 斜面 402上， 从而使夹持件 410的棘爪 412的安装部 415在径向上维持最大 的外部径向尺寸， 即第一径向尺寸 A, 进而可以对工作头 6的安装孔 61施加 最大的侧向作用力， 防止工作头 6在摆动时侧向打滑。
如图 9和图 17所示， 在使用者扳动操作件 100旋转至第四旋转位置后， 压杆组件 200将带动自锁组件 300进一步轴向下移。 在自锁组件 300轴向下 移一定距离后， 其自锁套管 310的底部将与销子 440的顶端接触， 并通过销 子 440将压力传递给夹持件 410， 进而带动夹持件 410轴向下移。 夹持件 410 轴向下移后， 由于推杆 400轴向上保持静止不动， 夹持件 410的第二斜面 411 将与推杆 400的第一斜面 402脱离开。 并且， 由于夹持件 410的棘爪 412 自 身的弹性，当夹持件 410的第二斜面 411 与推杆 400的第一斜面 402脱离后， 棘爪 412收缩至初始状态， 棘爪 412的安装部 415的外部径向尺寸变为最小 的第二径向尺寸 B,棘爪 412施加在工作头 6的安装孔 61 的侧向作用力随即 被卸载掉。 此时， 使用者首先将紧固元件 50取下， 然后便可轻松地将工作头 6从夹持件 410上取下。
反之， 当使用者需要将卸载后的工作头 6重新安装时，只需在操作件 100 位于第二旋转位置时， 首先将工作头 6安装至夹持件 410的末端， 接着将紧 固元件 50插入输出轴 3 内的自锁组件 300 内；然后再将操作件 100扳动至第 一旋转位置， 在此过程中， 操作件 100撤销对压杆组件 200的作用力， 在第 二弹性件 220的作用下， 压杆组件 200将带动自锁组件 300轴向上移至初始 位置， 自锁套管 310的底部将与销子 440的顶端逐渐分离开； 夹持件 410则 在第三弹性件 430的弹力作用下轴向上移，使其第二斜面 411再次与推杆 400 的第一斜面 402逐渐贴合， 夹持件 410的棘爪 412在径向上会逐渐的被推杆 400的凸台 401撑开， 从而通过安装部 415对工作头 6的安装孔 61施加足够 大的侧向夹紧力而夹紧工作头 6, 进而防止工作头 6 在工作中与夹持件 410 间发生相对转动， 保证输出轴 3将转动扭矩通过夹持件 410更好地传递给工 作头 6, 使工作头 6具有更高的工作效率。
上述第一实施方式中， 快换夹紧装置的锁固件 320的锁紧部 324的内表 面为光滑圓柱面，而紧固元件 50与锁紧部 324配接的配合部 502同样具有光 滑圆柱面。 本发明锁固件与紧固元件的配合并不限于上述实施方式， 下面结 合图 18至图 23对本发明的其它实施方式进一步说明。
请参阅图 18所示，本发明第二实施方式与上述第一实施方式结构基本相 同， 不同之处仅在于紧固元件 51。 本实施方式中， 紧固元件 51 同样包括平 板状压板 511 及自压板 511 的中心向上延伸的杆部 512， 杆部 512末端同样 设有与上述锁固件 320的锁紧部 324配合的配合部 513。 不同之处在于， 配 合部 513的在圆周方向上开设了若千凹槽 514， 紧固元件 51被锁固件 320的 锁紧部 324夹紧时， 锁紧部 324恰好卡持在凹槽 513 内。 通过在紧固元件 51 的配合部 512设置该等凹槽 513, 可保证在夹紧位置时， 紧固元件 51 与锁固 件 320的锁紧部 324之间有更大的轴向作用力，从而防止紧固元件 51 打滑而 轴向移动。
请参阅图 19, 本发明第三实施方式中， 与第一实施方式不同之处同样在 于紧固元件 52。 本实施方式中， 紧固元件 52 同样包括平板状压板 521 及自 压板 521 的中心向上延伸的杆部 522, 杆部 522末端同样设有与上述锁固件 320的锁紧部 324配合的配合部 523。 不同之处在于， 配合部 523的形状不是 圆柱形， 而是从两端至中间直径逐渐缩小的收腰形， 同样可增加配合部 523 与锁固件 320的锁紧部 324之间的轴向作用力，从而防止紧固元件 52打滑而 轴向移动。
请参阅图 20， 本发明第四实施方式中， 与前述实施方式不同之处同样在 于紧固元件 53。 本实施方式中， 紧固元件 53 同样包括压板 53 1及自压板 53 1 的中心向上延伸的杆部 532 , 杆部 532末端同样设有与上述锁固件 320的锁 紧部 324配合的配合部 533。 不同之处在于， 紧固元件 53的配合部 533顶端 尺寸较小， 中部为葡萄酒桶形， 该种结构可使紧固元件的杆部 532更易插入 锁固件 320的穿孔 323 内。
请参阅图 21 , 本发明第五实施方式中， 与前述实施方式不同之处同样在 于紧固元件 54。 本实施方式中， 紧固元件 54 同样包括平板状压板 541 及自 压板 541 的中心向上延伸的杆部 542 , 杆部 542末端同样设有与上述锁固件 320的锁紧部 324配合的配合部 543。 不同之处在于， 紧固元件 54的配合部 543 大致呈圓台形， 该种结构同样可增加配合部 543 与锁固件 320的锁紧部 324之间的轴向作用力， 防止紧固元件 54打滑而轴向移动。
请参阅图 22 , 本发明第六实施方式中， 紧固元件 55和锁固件 320与前 述实施方式不同。 本实施方式中， 紧固元件 55 同样包括平板状压板 55 1及自 压板 55 1 的中心向上延伸的杆部 552 , 杆部 552末端同样设有与上述锁固件 320的锁紧部 324配合的配合部 553。 不同之处在于， 紧固元件 55的配合部 553的外表面及锁固件 320的锁紧部 324的内表分别涂覆有摩擦层 554、3241， 以增大锁紧部 324与配合部 553之间的夹紧力，防止紧固元件 55打滑而轴向 移动。
请参阅图 23至图 25， 分别为本发明的第七至第九实施方式。 如图 23所 示， 第七实施方式中， 锁固件 320的锁紧部 324的内表面上进一步开设有凹 陷部 3242， 以便增大锁紧部 324与紧固元件的配合部之间的作用力。 如图 24 所示， 第八实施方式中， 锁固件 320的锁紧部 324 ' 的内表面非光滑圆柱面， 而是向外凸出的部分球形面； 同样， 如图 25所示， 第九实施方式中， 锁固件 320的锁紧部 324 " 的内表面为圆台状， 锁紧部 324 ' 和 324 " 均可以同紧固 元件的配合部之间良好地配合。
上述实施方式中， 分别示出了本发明锁固件的锁紧部与紧固元件的配合 部的多种结构配合方式。 除以上配合方式外， 锁固件的锁紧部的内表面上可 设置有内螺紋， 相应地， 紧固元件的配合部的外表面上设置有外螺纹， 锁固 件在倾斜锁紧位置时， 内螺纹与外螺纹相配接， 从而使锁固件的锁紧部可稳 定地夹持住紧固元件的配合部。
可以理解， 本发明中夹持防滑机构也不限于上述实施方式中所采用的结 构。 只要夹持件可在输出轴的纵向轴线上相对推杆运动， 使夹持件被推杆撑 开而具有较大的第一径向尺寸以夹紧工作头或收缩而具有较小的第二径向尺 寸以释放工作头即可。 下面结合图 26至图 29 分别对本发明第十实施方式至 第十二实施方式中的夹持防滑机构作进一步说明。
请参阅图 26， 本发明第十实施方式中， 推杆 700末端的凸台 701 为圓台 状， 而不是六棱台状。 输出轴的下壳体 32的侧壁上开设有第三凹槽 702, 第 三凹槽 702内进一步安装有在轴向上部分延伸出第三凹槽 702的传动件 703。 夹持件 710 的法兰部 711 上对应下壳体 32 的第三凹槽 702设置有第四凹槽 712, 组装后， 传动件 703部分伸入第四凹槽 712 内。 第一实施方式中， 推杆 400末端的凸台 401 为六棱台状， 输出轴的下壳体 32通过凸台 401将扭矩传 递给夹持件 410。 本实施方式中， 输出轴的下壳体 32通过传动件 703将扭矩 传递给夹持件 710。
请参阅图 27, 本发明第十一实施方式中， 未设置如第一实施方式中的快 换夹紧装置、 轴套 420及第三弹性件 430和垫片 450。 本实施方式中， 夹持 防滑机构仅包括设置在输出轴的下壳体 32 末端的推杆 800 及弹性夹持件 810。 推杆 800末端设有圆台形凸台 801 , 推杆 800的顶端设置有外螺纹 802。 夹持件 810 包括法兰部 811 及棘爪 812, 夹持件 810的内侧壁上设置有可与 推杆 800的外螺纹 802配合的内螺纹 813。 夹持件 810通过内螺纹 813与推 杆 800的外螺纹 802配合而连接在推杆 800上， 旋转夹持件 810则可使夹持 件 810沿输出轴的纵向轴线上下移动， 从而使推杆 800的凸台 801 与夹持件 810的棘爪 812配合或分离， 致使棘爪 812被撑开或收缩， 进而可在径向上 夹紧或释放工作头 （未图示）。
下面请参考图 28 和图 29, 本发明第十二实施方式中， 未设置如第一实 施方式中的快换夹紧装置、 第三弹性件 430和垫片 450。 本实施方式中， 夹 持防滑机构包括设置在输出轴的下壳体 32末端的推杆 900、连接在下壳体 32 末端的轴套 920及套设在推杆 90外围并收容在轴套 920 内的夹持件 910。 其 中， 轴套 920可相对下壳体 32径向转动， 轴套 920的内侧壁上轴向开设有引 导槽 921 及径向设置并与引导槽 921 连通的螺旋形轨道 922。 夹持件 910 包 括法兰部 911 及自法兰部 911 一侧延伸的棘爪 912, 棘爪 912的外侧壁上设 有凸起 913。 凸起 913可收容在引导槽 921和轨道 922 内， 并可在引导槽 921 和轨道 922 内滑动。
组装时， 首先使夹持件 910的凸起 913与轴套 920的引导槽 921对正并 轴向滑入引导槽 921 内， 从而使夹持件 910收容在轴套 920内。 然后将承载 有夹持件 910的轴套 920连接到下壳体 32的自由端，此时夹持件 910的内侧 壁会与推杆 900的棱台状凸台 901 配合， 夹持件 910的径向旋转被凸台 901 限制。 接着， 将工作头 （未图示） 安装在夹持件 910的棘爪 912上， 然后顺 时针旋转轴套 920, 从而使夹持件 910的凸起 913在轴套 920的轨道 922 内 滑动， 同时促使夹持件 910轴向上移， 进而使夹持件 910与推杆 900的凸台 901 配合而被撑开， 从而使夹持件 910的棘爪 912 的径向尺寸增大而在径向 上夹紧工作头。 显然， 在工作头被径向夹紧后， 再将轴套 920逆时针旋转， 夹持件 910则被轴套 920带动而轴向下移并与推杆 900分离，从而使棘爪 912 的径向尺寸变小以释放工作头。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1 . 一种动力工具， 包括头壳、 自所述头壳中延伸而出的输出轴、 设置在 输出轴的自由端的夹持件及安装在所述夹持件上的工作头， 所述输出轴通过 夹持件带动所述工作头运动， 其特征在于： 所述输出轴的自由端设置有延伸 入所述夹持件内的推杆， 所述夹持件可操作地沿所述输出轴的纵向轴线相对 所述推杆在第一位置和第二位置间运动， 在第一位置时， 所述夹持件具有第 一径向尺寸以夹紧所述工作头， 在第二位置时， 所述夹持件具有第二径向尺 寸以释放所述工作头， 所述第一径向尺寸大于所述第二径向尺寸。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述推杆的末端设有凸 台， 所述凸台的侧面形成为第一斜面， 所述夹持件设有套设在所述凸台外围 的棘爪， 所述棘爪的内部形成有可与所述第一斜面配合的第二斜面。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述凸台呈棱台形。
4. 如权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述凸台呈圆台形。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述输出轴与所述夹持 件之间设置有传动件，所述输出轴通过所述传动件将扭矩传递给所述夹持件。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具进一步包 括安装在所述输出轴的自由端的轴套及快换夹紧装置， 所述夹持件收容在所 述轴套内且与所述轴套之间在轴向上设置有弹性件，在所述弹性件的作用下， 所述夹持件处于夹紧所述工作头的第一位置， 操作所述快换夹紧装置可使所 述夹持件由第一位置运动至释放所述工作头的第二位置。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述快换夹紧装置包括 操作件、 设置在所述输出轴内的压杆组件和与压杆组件相连的自锁组件， 所 述自锁组件与所述夹持件之间设置有销子， 操作所述操作件可通过所述压杆 组件带动自锁组件沿所述输出轴的纵向轴线移动， 所述自锁组件进而通过所 述销子带动所述夹持件没所述输出轴的纵向轴线移动。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述夹持件螺纹连接在 所述输出轴的自由端， 旋转所述夹持件可使其相对所述推杆沿所述输出轴的 纵向轴线移动。
9. 如权利要求 1 所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具进一步 包括安装在所述输出轴的自由端并可相对所述输出轴旋转的轴套， 所述夹持 件收容在所述轴套内， 所述轴套的内侧壁上设有螺旋线形轨道， 所述夹持件 上设有可收容在所述轴套的轨道内的凸起， 转运所述轴套可使所述夹持件的 凸起在所述轴套的轨道内滑动， 从而带动所述夹持件沿所述输出轴的纵向轴 线移动。
1 0. 如权利要求 1 所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述夹持件包括法兰 部及自法兰部一侧延伸的棘爪， 所述棘爪的末端形成有可安装所述工作头的 安装部。
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