WO2013092466A1 - Hochtemperaturperoxid-haltige styrolpolymerisatperlen für die saatpolymerisation - Google Patents
Hochtemperaturperoxid-haltige styrolpolymerisatperlen für die saatpolymerisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013092466A1 WO2013092466A1 PCT/EP2012/075722 EP2012075722W WO2013092466A1 WO 2013092466 A1 WO2013092466 A1 WO 2013092466A1 EP 2012075722 W EP2012075722 W EP 2012075722W WO 2013092466 A1 WO2013092466 A1 WO 2013092466A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polymer beads
- styrene polymer
- styrene
- temperature
- polymerization
- Prior art date
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 262
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 31
- XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J dimagnesium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 21
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 20
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 15
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- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane Chemical compound BrC1CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC(Br)C(Br)CCC1Br DEIGXXQKDWULML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- QWVBGCWRHHXMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecoxycarbonyloxy hexadecyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)OOC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC QWVBGCWRHHXMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical group [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
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- HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dimethyl-3-phenylbutan-2-yl)benzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHRRVNVEOIKVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexabromocyclododecane Chemical compound BrC1(Br)CCCCCCCCCC(Br)(Br)C1(Br)Br SHRRVNVEOIKVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CCNDOQHYOIISTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-tert-butylperoxypropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical class CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C CCNDOQHYOIISTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- RCHUVCPBWWSUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl RCHUVCPBWWSUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(phenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F112/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F112/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F112/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F112/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F112/08—Styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F12/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F12/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F12/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F12/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F12/08—Styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F12/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F12/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F12/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F12/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F12/12—Monomers containing a branched unsaturated aliphatic radical or a ring substituted by an alkyl radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/18—Suspension polymerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/28—Oxygen or compounds releasing free oxygen
- C08F4/32—Organic compounds
- C08F4/34—Per-compounds with one peroxy-radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to styrene polymer beads having a particle size in the range from 0.2 to 1.5 mm, the styrene polymer beads containing from 0.5 to 5% by weight of one or more high-temperature peroxides, and to processes for their styrene polymer beads Production and use as seed in suspension polymerization.
- EPS expandable polystyrene
- protective colloids such as polyvinylpyrrolidone or so-called Pickering stabilizers, for example magnesium pyrophosphate, as described in EP-A 575 872. Bead size and bead size distribution can be controlled by the amount and dosage of the stabilizer.
- WO 00/61648 describes a multi-stage seed polymerization process for the preparation of polymer particles having an average particle size of at least 50 ⁇ m, in which an initiator diffuses into the seed and activates it.
- Methylstyrene and divinylbenzene by suspension polymerization in the presence of a seed of polystyrene is known, for example, from JP-A 2009-138146.
- per- oxidinitatoren used as polymerization initiators both for the production of the seed and for the subsequent suspension polymerization is known, for example, from JP-A 2009-138146.
- Processes for the production of carbon black or graphite-containing, expandable polystyrene by seed polymerization are known, for example, from WO 2010/06631, US 2009/0030096 A1 or JP-A 62-13442.
- a minigranulate obtained by mixing graphite into a polystyrene melt and extruding and granulating is used as seed in a subsequent suspension polymerization.
- the particle size of the seed is limited by the minimum diameter of the perforated plate.
- temperature-sensitive additives for example flame retardants, such as HBCD or peroxides, such as dicumyl peroxide, can not be incorporated into the seed without at least partial decomposition.
- the object of the present invention was to provide styrene polymer beads which contain one or more high-temperature peroxides so that they can be used as seed in a suspension polymerization without the further addition of peroxides.
- the Styrolpolymerisatperlen should be free of volatile blowing agents, but contain the usual auxiliaries, in particular particulate additives.
- the styrene polymer beads according to the invention contain from 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably from 1 to 4% by weight, of one or more high-temperature peroxides.
- the styrene polymer beads preferably contain from 0.5 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably from 1 to 4% by weight, of dicumyl peroxide as high-temperature peroxide.
- the Styrolpolymerisatperlen usually have a bead size in the range of 0.2 to 1, 5 mm, preferably 0.3 to 1, 3 mm.
- the bead size can be determined by screen analysis in which at least 94% of the screen fractions have a bead size of 0.2 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.3 to 1.3 mm.
- the styrene polymer beads preferably contain 5 to 50% by weight of one or more particulate additives, in particular 5 to 50% by weight of carbon particles.
- the styrene polymer beads particularly preferably contain 5 to 50% by weight of graphite particles having an average particle size in the range from 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- Particularly preferred styrene polymer beads contain 5 to 30 wt .-% graphite particles having an average particle size in the range of 1 to 50 ⁇ and 5 to 30 wt .-% of a brominated styrene polymer or brominated styrene-butadiene block copolymers as flame retardants.
- the styrene polymer beads preferably contain no blowing agent. This allows easy and safe transport.
- the propellant-free Styrolpolymerisatperlen are storage stable at room temperature for several months.
- the styrene polymer beads of the invention can be prepared, for example, by a process comprising the steps: a) preparation of styrene polymer beads by a first suspension polymerization of an aqueous suspension containing styrene monomers and optionally particulate additives in the presence of a high-temperature peroxide,
- styrene monomers are polymerized in aqueous suspension in the presence of from 0.5 to 5% by weight of a high-temperature peroxide and from 0.1 to 3% by weight of a low-temperature superoxide at a maximum temperature of 130 ° C. wherein the suspension polymerization is carried out for less than 1.5 hours at a temperature in the range of 120-130 ° C.
- the styrene polymer beads according to the invention are particularly suitable as seed in the suspension polymerization.
- the invention therefore also provides a process for the preparation of expandable styrene polymers, wherein the styrene polymer beads according to the invention are used as seed in the suspension polymerization of styrene monomers and a blowing agent is added during or after the polymerization.
- This second suspension polymerization referred to hereinafter as stage d
- stage d can be carried out in a separate process, for example after the styrene polymer beads have been transported to another production site: d) preparing an aqueous suspension of the styrene polymer beads and carrying out a second suspension polymerization in the presence of blowing agent and metering styrene monomer,
- Expandable styrene polymers are understood as meaning blowing agent-containing styrene polymer beads.
- Suitable styrenic polymers are homopolymers or copolymers of styrene, styrene derivatives or copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
- stages a) and d) by suspension polymerization of styrene and the corresponding copolymerizable monomers, for example alkylstyrenes, divinylbenzene, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, para-methyl- ⁇ -methylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene or acrylonitrile, butadiene, acrylic esters or methacrylic acid esters educated. Particularly preferably, only styrene is used as the monomer in all polymerization stages.
- styrene The suspension polymerization of styrene is known per se. It is described in detail in the Plastics Handbook, Volume V, "Polystyrene", Carl Hanser Verlag, 1969, pages 679 to 688. In this case, in general styrene, optionally together with the above-mentioned comonomers, suspended in water and in the presence of polymerized organic or inorganic suspension stabilizers.
- the volume ratio of aqueous to organic phase is preferably between 0.5 and 1, 6, in particular between 1, 0 and 1, 4.
- Suitable particulate additives are all additives which do not dissolve significantly in the styrene polymers. Preference is given as particulate additives IR absorbers such as metal oxides, z. As titanium dioxide or carbon particles used. As carbon particles, various natural or synthetic carbon blacks or graphites can be used. The carbon particles preferably contain at least 1, preferably at least 5% by weight of graphitic structures. Preferably, the carbon particles have an ash content, determined according to DIN 51903 of 0.005 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 10 wt .-% to. Particular preference is given to using particulate additives as graphite particles having an average particle size in the range from 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the preferably used graphite preferably has an average particle size of from 1 to 50 ⁇ m, in particular from 2.5 to 12 ⁇ m, a bulk density of from 100 to 500 g / l and a specific surface area of from 5 to 20 m 2 / g. It can be used natural graphite or ground synthetic graphite.
- the proportion of the sum of all particulate additives is preferably in the range of 5 to 40 percent by weight, in particular 10 to 30 percent by weight, based on styrene polymer beads. Particular preference is exclusively given to using carbon particles, in particular graphite, as particulate additives.
- Silane-modified carbon particles which are modified with silane, for example, at from 0.01 to 1% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, based on the carbon particles, can also be used as carbon particles.
- the silane-modified carbon particles preferably have C3-C16 on their surface.
- Alkylsilane or arylsilane groups in particular C6-Ci2-alkylsilane groups or phenylsilane groups.
- alkyl or aryl silanes having 1 to 3 halogen atoms or methoxy groups on the silicon atom are suitable for modifying the carbon particles.
- the modification with silanes leads to a hydrophobization of the surface of the carbon particles by silyl groups, so that the interfacial activity of the carbon particles which disturbs the suspension process is markedly reduced.
- the method known per se for hydrophobicizing hydrophilic surfaces by silane in the gas phase or in solvents, such as toluene surprisingly also works with the relatively hydrophobic graphite in order to mask the remaining polar group.
- the surface modification of the carbon particles allows better compatibility with or even a connection to the polymer matrix.
- the usual additives for example flame retardants, nucleating agents, UV stabilizers, chain transfer agents, plasticizers, pigments and antioxidants can be added in step a).
- customary peroxide initiators and suspension stabilizers such as protective colloids, inorganic pickering salts and anionic and nonionic surfactants, are particularly suitable for the suspension polymerization.
- Halogen-containing or halogen-free flame retardants are preferably used as additives.
- Particularly suitable are organic, in particular aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic bromine compounds, such as hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), Pentabrommonoch- lorcyclohexan, Pentabromphenylallylether or brominated styrenic polymers, such as styrene-butadiene block copolymers, which can be used alone or as a mixture.
- the flame retardants used are preferably exclusively brominated styrene polymers or brominated styrene-butadiene block copolymers.
- the halogenated polymer used as flame retardant preferably has an average molecular weight in the range from 5,000 to 300,000, in particular 30,000 to 150,000, determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in tetrahydrofuran over polystyrene standard.
- the halogenated polymer has a weight loss of 5 wt .-% at a temperature of 250 ° C or higher, preferably in the range of 270 to 370 ° C in the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
- TGA thermogravimetric analysis
- the effect of the bromine-containing flame retardants can be improved by adding CC or OO-labile organic compounds.
- suitable flame retardant synergists are dicumyl and dicumyl peroxide.
- a preferred combination consists of 0.6 to 5 wt .-% of organic bromine compound and 0.1 to 1, 0 wt .-% of CC or OO-labile organic compound.
- the plasticizers used in stage a) are generally 0.1-10% of white oil or hexamine dinch in order to improve the expandability of the end product.
- a phosphate preferably magnesium pyrophosphate or tricalcium phosphate, in amounts of from 0.3 to 5 wt .-%, based on water, are used.
- Magnesium pyrophosphate is particularly preferably used.
- magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is added in addition to magnesium pyrophosphate. Preference is given to an addition of 0.05 to 1% by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, based on water.
- the addition of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is particularly preferably also in the range from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, based on the organic phase.
- the organic phase is composed of the monomers and optionally styrene polymers and non-water-soluble additives.
- the magnesium pyrophosphate is preferably prepared immediately prior to the polymerization by combining highly concentrated solutions of pyrophosphate and magnesium ions, using the stoichiometric amount of a magnesium salt required for the precipitation of Mg2P2Ü7.
- the magnesium salt may be in solid form or in aqueous solution.
- the magnesium pyrophosphate is prepared by combining aqueous solutions of sodium pyrophosphate (Na 4 P 2 O 7) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 7H 2 O).
- the magnesium salt is added in at least the stoichiometrically required amount, preferably in a stoichiometric amount. For the process according to the invention, it is favorable if there is no excess of alkali pyrophosphate.
- Emulsifiers called extender used. These extenders include, for example, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, long chain alkyl sulfonates, vinyl sulfonate, diisobutyl naphthalene sulfonate.
- the extenders used are preferably alkali metal salts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and / or alkali metal salts of a mixture of C 12 -C 17 -alkylsulfonic acids.
- a particularly suitable mixture of C 12 -C 17 -alkyl sulfonates consists predominantly of secondary sodium alkyl sulfonates having the average chain length C 15. Such a mixture is called E30 sold by Leuna Tenside GmbH.
- the extenders increase the ability to stabilize the suspension in the presence of sparingly soluble inorganic compounds.
- the extenders are usually in amounts between 0.5 and 15, preferably 2 to
- the average power input is preferably above 0.2 kg kg reactor charge.
- the amount of extender used can be reduced or the stirrer speed can be lowered after extender dosing so that the average power input assumes a value of less than 0.2 W / kg.
- a high-temperature peroxide is a peroxide which in Cumene has a half-life of 1 hour in the range from 110 to 160 ° C., preferably in the range from 120 to 140 ° C., particularly preferably in the range from 125 to 135 ° C.
- Suitable peroxides are di-tert-amyl peroxides, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, di (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzenes, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexanes and dicumyl peroxide.
- Dicumyl peroxide is particularly preferably used as high-temperature peroxide.
- the at least one high-temperature peroxide in stage a) is generally in amounts of at least 0.5 wt .-%, preferably in the range of 1, 1 to 5.0 wt .-%, particularly preferably in the range of 1, 3 bis 4 wt .-%, based on Styrolpolymerisatperlen used.
- step a) 5 to 50% by weight of graphite and 0.5 to 5% by weight of dicumyl peroxide, each based on styrene polymer beads, are particularly preferably used in step a), and the suspension polymerization in step a) is less than 1.5 h at one temperature carried out in the range of 120-130 ° C, in this way to obtain a Repolymierisat which sufficiently undecomposed Contains dicumyl peroxide, and a suspension polymerization in step d) without the addition of other peroxides allows. In addition, it can also act as a flame retardant synergist in the expandable styrene polymer.
- the high-temperature peroxide in the styrene polymer beads is preferably present in amounts of from 50 to 100% by weight, more preferably in amounts of from 60 to 80% by weight, of the amount used in undecomposed form. This remaining high-temperature peroxide may act as the sole polymerization initiator in the main polymerization (step d).
- the invention therefore also relates to styrene polymer beads which contain 5 to 50% by weight of graphite .-%, preferably 10 to 30% by weight and 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably 1 to 4% by weight of dicumyl peroxide, in each case based on styrene polymer beads.
- stage b) The styrene polymer beads obtained are first isolated from the aqueous phase. Subsequently, the styrene polymer beads may be used directly or by partitioning and selecting a particle size fraction (step c) in a main polymerization (step d).
- the styrene polymer beads are divided into fractions of different particle size and one or more fractions are selected for subsequent steps.
- the fractionation takes place by sieving out one or more sieve fractions.
- the bead size of the expandable styrene polymer can be controlled in a targeted manner.
- step d) at least one second suspension polymerization is carried out.
- steps b) to d) can be carried out several times, wherein at least one suspension polymerization is carried out in the presence of blowing agent and with metering of further styrene monomers.
- the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in two stages with a single execution of stages a), b), c) and d).
- the one or more fractions of the prepolymer beads separated in step b) or selected in step c) are initially introduced in aqueous suspension.
- the styrene monomer is preferably added continuously in stage d).
- from 10 to 60% by weight, preferably from 15 to 35% by weight, particularly preferably from 25 to 35% by weight, based on expandable styrene polymer, of styrene polymer beads are initially introduced into the aqueous phase and the remaining part is used as monomers, especially preferably added continuously as styrene monomer.
- the styrene polymer beads may first be allowed to swell below the polymerization temperature with an organic peroxide, such as tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate. Furthermore, it has proved to be advantageous to meter a portion of the styrene monomer to be metered or a white oil also already below the polymerization temperature.
- an organic peroxide such as tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate.
- step d if appropriate, the particulate additives and additives described for step a) can be used.
- a phosphate preferably magnesium pyrophosphate or tricalcium phosphate
- Magnesium pyrophosphate is generally initially charged at the beginning of the polymerization and in stage d) generally in a concentration of between 0.03 and 2.0% by weight, preferably between 0.05 and 0.5% by weight and more preferably between 0 and 0 , 1 and 0.2 wt .-%, based on the aqueous phase used.
- an extender is likewise introduced into the aqueous phase before the beginning of the polymerization in stage d).
- the extenders are usually used in amounts of between 0.5 and 15, preferably 2 to 10 wt .-%, based on magnesium pyrophosphate.
- the blowing agents used are usually aliphatic hydrocarbons having 3 to 10, preferably 4 to 6 carbon atoms, for example n-pentane, iso-pentane or mixtures thereof.
- the blowing agent is added in the usual amounts of from 1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 8% by weight, based on the weight of the styrene polymers present in the expandable styrene polymer.
- the styrene polymer beads are usually used in a proportion in the range from 10 to 60% by weight, preferably in the range from 20 to 40% by weight, based on expandable styrene polymer, in the aqueous phase.
- the metering of styrene monomer in stage d) is generally carried out continuously, preferably over a period in the range from 1 to 5 hours. It has proven to be advantageous to dose 5 to 15 wt .-% of the styrene monomer to be metered already in the heating phase at temperatures below 100 ° C in the reactor.
- the polymerization in stage d) is preferably carried out at least partially at a temperature in the range from 1 to 130 ° C.
- step d) no peroxidic initiator is added.
- a conventional low-temperature initiator such as tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate
- a high-temperature initiator for example dicumyl peroxide.
- the expandable styrene polymer beads obtained by the processes can be coated with the usual coating agents, for example metal stearates, glycerol esters and finely divided silicates.
- the propellant-containing styrene polymer particles produced in step d) generally have a diameter between 0.2 and 4 mm, preferably between 0.7 and 2.5 mm. They can be prefoamed by conventional methods, for example with steam, into foam particles with a diameter of between 0.1 and 2 cm and a bulk density of between 5 and 100 kg / m 3 .
- the prefoamed particles can then be foamed by conventional methods to foam moldings having a density of 5 to 100 kg / m 3
- the expandable styrene polymers obtained by the processes can be made into polystyrene foams having densities of from 5 to 35 g / l, preferably from 8 to 25 g / l and especially from 10 to 15 g / l.
- the expandable particles are prefoamed. This is usually done by heating the particles with water vapor in so-called pre-expanders.
- the pre-expanded particles are then welded into shaped bodies.
- the pre-expanded particles are filled in non-gas-tight molds and subjected to steam. After cooling, the moldings can be removed.
- the foams produced from the expandable styrene polymers are characterized by excellent thermal insulation. This effect is particularly evident at low densities.
- the thermal conductivity is so low that it meets the requirements of the heat conductivity class 035 (according to DIN 18164, Part 1 Tab. 4).
- the embodiment of the suspension polymerization of the process is characterized by a significantly increased stability of the suspension without phase inversion. The improved stability of the suspension leads to a safer and more efficient process. Due to the lower amount of stabilizer and better control of the bead size distribution is achieved. The internal water content of the resulting expandable styrene polymers can be significantly reduced.
- the process makes it possible to increase the yield of the fractions having a desired and marketable bead size distribution of, in particular, graphite-containing expandable styrene polymers. If a screening of the styrene polymer bead is dispensed with, narrower particle size distributions, ie. achieve higher yield of value fraction compared to a classical suspension polymerization in the presence of graphite.
- Emulsifier K30 Blend of linear alkyl sulfonates (Ci 5 H 3 o.9 (S0 3 Na) i .i, HLB 1 1 -12), 1% by weight aqueous solution
- the bead size distribution was determined by sieve analysis (standard 1) and evaluated as grain size KG and relative fraction (R).
- sieve mesh size of the respective sieve bottom
- d ' average particle diameter at 63% by weight of the integral particle size distribution according to Rosin, Rammler, Sterling, Bennet.
- Mg2P2Ü7 suspension a freshly prepared amorphous magnesium pyrophosphate precipitate (MPP suspension) was used as the Pickering stabilizer.
- Mg2P2Ü7 suspension in each case 931.8 g of sodium pyrophosphate (Na 4 P207, Giulini) dissolved in 32 kg of water at room temperature (25 ° C). With stirring, a solution of 1728 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrad (Epsom salt, MgS0 4 ⁇ 7H 2 O) in 7.5 kg of demineralized water was added to this solution and then stirred for 5 minutes. An aqueous suspension of magnesium pyrophosphate (MPP) was formed.
- the resulting expandable polystyrene beads were decanted off and dried to remove the internal water and coated with a coating of glycerol monostearate, glycerol tristate and precipitated silica.
- the EPS beads have a content of dicumyl peroxide of 0.2% by weight and have the following sieve distribution:
- Comparative Experiment 2 (analogously to Example 3 from US Pat. No. 6,130,265): Comparative Experiment 1 was repeated with the difference that 636 g of graphite (4% by weight) were added to the organic phase.
- Example 1 Stage a)
- the styrene polymer beads had an internal water content of 5.23% and an average diameter of 0.8 mm.
- the resulting styrene polymer beads were filtered through a suction filter (pore size 40 ⁇ ) and dried to remove the surface water.
- Example 2a Example 1 was repeated with the difference that the Styrolpolymerisatperlen was screened through a sieve from Fritsch (Analysette 18). In the subsequent main polymerization, a sieve cut between 0.4 mm and 1, 25 mm was used.
- Example 2a was repeated with the difference that 2.92 g of dicumyl peroxide dissolved in 5 g of styrene were metered into the cold reactor within 2 minutes in the main polymerization before the start of the heating phase. From the dried polymer the following sieve distribution could be obtained:
- Example 1 was repeated with the difference that the Styrolpolymerisatperlen was screened through a sieve from Fritsch (Analysette 18) (step c). In the subsequent main polymerization, a sieve cut between 0.5 mm and 1, 25 mm was used.
- Example 2 was repeated using instead of white oil 420 g 1, 2-
- Example 2 was repeated using 420 g of alkyl sulfonic acid ester of phenol (ASE) (Mesamoll 2, Lanxess AG) instead of white oil.
- ASE alkyl sulfonic acid ester of phenol
- the internal water content of the styrene polymer beads was 3.16%.
- a sieve cut between 0.4 mm and 1, 25 mm was used.
- Example 2 was repeated using instead of HBCD 1, 06 kg brominated styrene-butadiene block copolymer (Br-SBS) were used.
- the internal water content of the styrene polymer beads was 2.56%.
- a sieve cut between 0.4 mm and 1, 25 mm was used.
- the propellant-containing polystyrene beads obtained were decanted off, dried by internal water and coated with a coating composition of glycerol monostearate, glycerol tristearate and precipitated silica.
- the resulting EPS beads showed the following bead size distribution.
- the suspension was heated to 95 ° C. in the course of 1.5 hours and then to 125 ° C. within 4.2 hours. 89 minutes after reaching 80 ° C., 4.00 kg of a 2% strength solution of the emulsifier E30 (prepared from E30-40 from Leuna Tenside GmbH, mixture of C12-C17 sodium alkyl sulfonates) were metered in. After the emulsifier was metered, the stirrer speed was lowered to 42 rpm (this corresponds to an average power input of 0.070 W / kg). Finally, it was polymerized at a final temperature of 125 ° C.
- E30 prepared from E30-40 from Leuna Tenside GmbH, mixture of C12-C17 sodium alkyl sulfonates
- the resulting prepolymer is isolated by means of a Siebschleuder from Siebtechnik (type Contourbex H 320) (sieve 0.2 mm), antistatically equipped with 200 ppm emulsifier E30 via a screw conveyor and heated by a flash dryer (average temperature: 70 ° C.). surface water dried.
- the resulting styrene polymer beads had an internal water content of 7.56% and a content of dicumyl peroxide of 1, 44 wt .-%.
- the styrene polymer beads were prescreened with a sieve cut between 0.4 mm and 1.25 mm.
- the propellant-containing polystyrene beads obtained were decanted off, dried by internal water and coated with a coating composition of glycerol monostearate, glycerol tristearate and precipitated silica.
- the resulting EPS beads showed the bead size distribution summarized in Table 3.
- the organic phase was dissolved in 3.04 l of demineralized water with 1.60 kg of MPP suspension and 7.90 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrad (epsom salt) (from Kali and salt) in a 10 l stirred tank (blade stirrer, 300 rpm, corresponds to an average power input of 0.584 W / kg) introduced.
- the suspension was heated to 95 ° C. within 1.5 hours and then to 125 ° C. within 4.20 hours. 85 minutes after reaching 80 ° C., 37 g of a 2% strength solution of the emulsifier E30 (from Leuna Tenside GmbH) were metered in. Finally, it was polymerized at a final temperature of 125 ° C.
- the resulting styrene polymer beads were decanted off and dried by surface water.
- Stage c) Screening The styrene polymer beads were prescreened with a wire cut between 0.45 mm and 1.00 mm
- the organic phase was introduced into 15 l of demineralized water containing 5.22 kg of MPP suspension in a 50 l stirred tank (paddle stirrer, 240 rpm, corresponding to an average power input of 0.579 W / kg).
- the suspension was heated to 95 ° C. in the course of 1.5 hours and then to 125 ° C. within 4.20 hours.
- 100 (+/- 5 min) minutes after reaching 80 ° C., 240 g of a 2% strength solution of the emulsifier E30 (prepared from E30-40 from Leuna Tenside GmbH) were metered in. Finally, it was polymerized at a final temperature of 125 ° C.
- the obtained Styrolpolymerisatperlen were decanted off and dried by surface water by flash drying.
- the styrene polymer beads had a viscosity number VZ of 74.6, which corresponds to a weight-average molecular weight of about 200,000 g / mol.
- the residual water content was 1.48 wt .-% and the residual monomer content 0.02 wt .-%.
- the EPS beads had the following bead distribution:
- the styrene polymer beads were prescreened with a wire cut between 0.4 mm and 1, 12 mm and then used in the main polymerization.
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Priority Applications (6)
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BR112014015258A BR112014015258A8 (pt) | 2011-12-21 | 2012-12-17 | material de grânulo de polímero de estireno, e, processo patra produzir material de grânulo de polímero de estireno |
MX2014007311A MX2014007311A (es) | 2011-12-21 | 2012-12-17 | Esferas de polimero de estireno que contienen peroxido de alta temperatura para la polimerizacion de semilla. |
US14/367,258 US20150322182A1 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2012-12-17 | High-temperature peroxide-containing styrene polymer beads for seed polymerization |
CN201280063951.2A CN104011120A (zh) | 2011-12-21 | 2012-12-17 | 用于种子聚合的包含高温过氧化物的苯乙烯聚合物珠粒 |
EP12806025.8A EP2794739A1 (de) | 2011-12-21 | 2012-12-17 | Hochtemperaturperoxid-haltige styrolpolymerisatperlen für die saatpolymerisation |
KR1020147020272A KR20140095584A (ko) | 2011-12-21 | 2012-12-17 | 시드 중합을 위한 고온 과산화물 함유 스티렌 중합체 비드 |
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EP11194867 | 2011-12-21 | ||
EP11194867.5 | 2011-12-21 |
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WO2013092466A1 true WO2013092466A1 (de) | 2013-06-27 |
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PCT/EP2012/075722 WO2013092466A1 (de) | 2011-12-21 | 2012-12-17 | Hochtemperaturperoxid-haltige styrolpolymerisatperlen für die saatpolymerisation |
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US (1) | US20150322182A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2794739A1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20140095584A (de) |
CN (1) | CN104011120A (de) |
BR (1) | BR112014015258A8 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2014007311A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013092466A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015101621A1 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-09 | Averis As | Process for the preparation of solid particulate vinyl aromatic polymer compositions |
EP3070118B1 (de) | 2013-11-14 | 2020-02-26 | Kaneka Corporation | Extrudierter styrolharzschaum und verfahren zur herstellung davon |
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KR101713656B1 (ko) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-03-22 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | 단열성능이 우수한 발포성 폴리스티렌 대립자의 제조 방법 |
WO2017157904A1 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Storage stable aqueous organic peroxide emulsions |
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2012
- 2012-12-17 BR BR112014015258A patent/BR112014015258A8/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-12-17 KR KR1020147020272A patent/KR20140095584A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-12-17 MX MX2014007311A patent/MX2014007311A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-12-17 US US14/367,258 patent/US20150322182A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-12-17 CN CN201280063951.2A patent/CN104011120A/zh active Pending
- 2012-12-17 WO PCT/EP2012/075722 patent/WO2013092466A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-12-17 EP EP12806025.8A patent/EP2794739A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3070118B1 (de) | 2013-11-14 | 2020-02-26 | Kaneka Corporation | Extrudierter styrolharzschaum und verfahren zur herstellung davon |
WO2015101621A1 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-09 | Averis As | Process for the preparation of solid particulate vinyl aromatic polymer compositions |
US9976006B2 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2018-05-22 | Averis As | Process for the preparation of solid particulate vinyl aromatic polymer compositions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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MX2014007311A (es) | 2014-07-30 |
KR20140095584A (ko) | 2014-08-01 |
BR112014015258A8 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
BR112014015258A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
EP2794739A1 (de) | 2014-10-29 |
US20150322182A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
CN104011120A (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
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