WO2013073283A1 - Bobine de réactance, convertisseur et dispositif de conversion d'énergie électrique - Google Patents
Bobine de réactance, convertisseur et dispositif de conversion d'énergie électrique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013073283A1 WO2013073283A1 PCT/JP2012/073852 JP2012073852W WO2013073283A1 WO 2013073283 A1 WO2013073283 A1 WO 2013073283A1 JP 2012073852 W JP2012073852 W JP 2012073852W WO 2013073283 A1 WO2013073283 A1 WO 2013073283A1
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- case
- coil
- reactor
- core portion
- porous body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/02—Casings
- H01F27/022—Encapsulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reactor in which a combination of a coil and a core is housed in a case, a converter using the reactor, and a power converter using the converter.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a reactor used for a circuit component of a converter that is mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle.
- the reactor of this patent document 1 is equipped with the structure which accommodated the assembly of the coil and the magnetic core in the case.
- the magnetic core includes a cylindrical inner core portion disposed inside the coil, and an outer core portion (referred to as a connecting core portion in Patent Document 1) disposed on the outer periphery of the coil.
- the outer core portion is composed of a magnetic powder such as pure iron powder and a resin (binder resin) that encloses the powder.
- the present inventors paid attention to the fact that the case is made of a nonmagnetic metal such as aluminum.
- the case is made of a non-magnetic metal because the case shields the leakage magnetic flux from the magnetic core that is generated when the reactor is operated. Therefore, it is not preferable to ignore the problem of leakage magnetic flux, such as omitting the case or configuring the case from a lightweight insulating resin.
- this invention reactor is prescribed
- the reactor of the present invention is a reactor including a coil and magnetic core combination and a case for storing the combination, and at least a part of the case includes a porous body made of a nonmagnetic metal. And of course, in order to maximize the shielding effect of the leakage magnetic flux by the case, it is preferable that a porous body is included throughout the case.
- the case can be reduced in weight, that is, the reactor can be reduced in weight. This is because a part of the case is a porous body having voids, so that the ratio of the nonmagnetic metal per unit volume is lower than that of the conventional case, and the case can be reduced in weight accordingly.
- At least a part of the case is made of a composite material including an insulating resin and a porous body.
- a composite material in which an insulating resin is further combined with a porous body is superior in strength to a porous body alone. Therefore, the strength of the porous body portion in the case can be ensured.
- the pores of the porous body are filled with an insulating resin.
- the case preferably has a porous body as a skeleton, and the volume ratio of the porous body in the case is preferably 10 to 70% by volume.
- the entire case is made of a porous body, 10 to 70% by volume is a porous body, and the remainder is a void.
- 10 to 70% by volume is a porous body, and the remainder is an insulating resin, or an insulating resin and a gap.
- the porous body is structurally excellent in strength, the ratio of the porous body in the case, that is, the ratio of the nonmagnetic metal in the case can be kept low. As a result, the case can be effectively reduced in weight, and thus the reactor can be effectively reduced in weight. Moreover, if the volume ratio of the porous body in a case exists in the said range, the shielding effect of the leakage magnetic flux by a case can fully be ensured.
- the material of the porous body is preferably a nickel-chromium alloy.
- nickel-chromium alloy is excellent in strength, the use of nickel-chromium alloy as the material of the porous body can effectively improve the strength of the porous body, that is, the strength of the case.
- the material of the porous body is preferably aluminum.
- Aluminum is nonmagnetic, excellent in strength, and lightweight, so it is suitable for reducing the weight of the case.
- a coil is cylindrical and a magnetic core is arrange
- the outer core portion is made of a mixture containing magnetic powder and resin.
- the above configuration is a so-called pot type reactor.
- the reactor of the present invention is not limited to a pot type reactor, and as shown in a fourth embodiment described later, an annular magnetic core that penetrates the inside of two coil elements is attached to the case via a sealing resin.
- a stored reactor may be used.
- the case is preferably a bottomed cylindrical shape.
- the case may have a cylindrical shape with no bottom.
- the inner surface of the case preferably has an uneven shape.
- the adhesion between the inner surface of the case and the member in contact with the inner surface can be improved.
- the adhesion between the inner surface of the case and the outer core portion can be improved, and in the case of a reactor having an annular magnetic core that penetrates the inside of two coil elements, The adhesion between the inner surface of the resin and the sealing resin can be improved.
- the reactor of the present invention at least a part of the case includes a non-magnetic metal porous body, and the uneven shape due to the presence of the complicated three-dimensional network shape of the porous body is formed on the inner surface of the case. Easy to form. Therefore, the uneven shape on the inner surface of the case may be formed of a nonmagnetic metal porous body.
- the reactor of the present invention can be suitably used as a component part of a converter.
- the converter of the present invention includes the reactor of the present invention.
- the converter of the present invention includes a switching element, a drive circuit that controls the operation of the switching element, and a reactor that smoothes the switching operation, and converts the input voltage by the operation of the switching element.
- the form whose reactor is this invention reactor is mentioned.
- This converter of the present invention can be suitably used as a component part of a power converter.
- the power converter device of this invention is provided with the converter of this invention.
- the converter of the present invention using the light reactor of the present invention and the power converter of the present invention contribute to weight reduction of equipment (for example, a vehicle such as a hybrid car) provided with these.
- the reactor of the present invention is lightweight while having a case for containing leakage magnetic flux from the magnetic core.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a reactor of the present invention according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. (A) is an AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and (B) is a BB cross-sectional view.
- (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of this invention reactor which concerns on Embodiment 2
- (B) is a cross-sectional view of the reactor.
- (A) is a perspective view of the reactor of the present invention according to Embodiment 3
- (B) is a BB cross-sectional view of the perspective view. It is a disassembled perspective view of the combination body of the reactor of this invention which concerns on Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically showing a power supply system of a hybrid vehicle. It is a schematic circuit which shows an example of this invention power converter device provided with this invention converter.
- Reactor 1A is a so-called pot that includes one coil 2, a magnetic core 3 that is disposed inside and outside of coil 2 to form a closed magnetic circuit, and a case 4A that houses a combination 10 of coil 2 and magnetic core 3. It is a type reactor.
- This reactor 1A is characterized in that a part of the magnetic core 3 is formed of a molded hardened body obtained by curing a resin in which magnetic powder is dispersed, and the case 4A is a composite material of an insulating resin and a nonmagnetic metal. It is in the configuration.
- each configuration will be described in detail.
- the coil 2 is a cylindrical body formed by spirally winding one continuous winding 2w.
- a coated wire having an insulating coating made of an insulating material on the outer periphery of a conductor made of a conductive material such as copper, aluminum, or an alloy thereof can be suitably used.
- a round wire having a circular shape, a deformed wire having a polygonal shape, or the like can be used in addition to a rectangular wire having a rectangular cross section as illustrated.
- the insulating material constituting the insulating coating is typically an enamel material such as polyamideimide.
- the thickness of the insulating coating is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and the thicker the pinholes can be reduced, the higher the insulation.
- the number of turns (number of turns) of the coil 2 can be selected as appropriate, and about 30 to 70 can be suitably used for in-vehicle components.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view (cross section BB in FIG. 1) in which the reactor 1A is cut along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the coil 2.
- FIG. The coil 2 has a uniform cross-sectional shape in the axial direction and is equal to the end face shape.
- the end face shape of the coil 2 is circular as shown in FIG.
- the end surface shape of the coil 2 may be a racetrack shape including a pair of linear portions arranged in parallel and a pair of semicircular arc portions arranged so as to connect the ends of both linear portions. good.
- the coil 2 is housed in the case 4A in a state where a part of the magnetic core 3 (inner core portion 31) is inserted on the inner periphery thereof.
- the horizontal type housed in the case 4A so that the axial direction of the coil 2 is parallel to the surface of the installation target.
- the installation surface that contacts the installation object is the outer bottom surface 40o (FIG. 2) of the case 4A configured as a flat surface, and therefore the coil 2 is accommodated in the case 4A in parallel with the outer bottom surface 40o. ing.
- the coil 2 when the end surface shape of the coil 2 is a racetrack shape, the coil is arranged so that the planar region formed by the straight line portion on the outer peripheral surface thereof is parallel to the outer bottom surface 40o of the case 4A. In short, the coil 2 may be stored horizontally with respect to the case 4A.
- the coil 2 is covered with the magnetic core 3 (outer core portion 32) almost entirely on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
- a part of the outer peripheral surface of the coil 2 is in contact with the inner bottom surface of the case 4 ⁇ / b> A or a surface of the outer core portion 32, and a part of the coil 2 in the circumferential direction is not covered with the magnetic core 3. You may have a place.
- the winding 2w forming the coil 2 has a lead portion that is appropriately extended from the turn forming portion and drawn to the outside of the outer core portion 32, and is exposed by peeling off the insulating coating at both ends.
- a terminal member (not shown) made of a conductive material such as copper or aluminum is connected to the portion.
- An external device (not shown) such as a power source for supplying power is connected to the coil 2 via the terminal member.
- both ends of the winding 2 w are drawn upward so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of the coil 2, but the drawing direction of both ends can be appropriately selected.
- both ends of the winding 2w may be drawn out so as to be parallel to the axial direction of the coil 2, or the drawing directions of the ends can be made different from each other.
- at least a portion that may come into contact with the magnetic core 3 includes an insulating paper, an insulating tape (for example, a polyimide tape), an insulating film (for example, a polyimide film). It is preferable to dispose an insulating material such as), dip-coat the insulating material, or cover with an insulating tube (such as a heat-shrinkable tube or a room temperature shrinkable tube).
- the magnetic core 3 includes a columnar inner core portion 31 inserted into the coil 2, at least one end surface 31 e of the inner core portion 31, and at least a part of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the coil 2. And a closed magnetic circuit is formed when the coil 2 is excited.
- the magnetic properties of the inner core portion 31 and the outer core portion 32 are different, specifically, the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion 31 is higher than that of the outer core portion 32, and A configuration in which the magnetic permeability is lower than that of the inner core portion 31 will be described.
- the cross-sectional area (surface through which the magnetic flux passes) of the inner core portion 31 can be reduced when compared with a magnetic core made of a single material and having a uniform saturation magnetic flux density.
- the reactor 1A can be reduced in size and weight.
- the inner core portion 31 and the outer core portion 32 may be formed of the same constituent material and have the same magnetic characteristics.
- the inner core portion 31 is a cylindrical body having an outer shape along the inner peripheral shape of the coil 2.
- the inner core portion 31 is entirely formed of a compacted body, and here is a solid body without any gap material or air gap. Since the gap does not exist, it is possible to suppress the leakage magnetic flux at the gap portion from affecting the coil 2.
- the inner core portion 31 may have a form in which a gap material made of a nonmagnetic material such as an alumina plate or an air gap is interposed.
- the green compact is typically formed of a soft magnetic powder having an insulating coating made of a silicone resin or the like on the surface, or a mixed powder in which a binder is appropriately mixed in addition to the soft magnetic powder, and then the insulating coating. It can be obtained by firing at a temperature lower than the heat resistant temperature.
- the saturation magnetic flux density can be changed. For example, by using soft magnetic powder with a high saturation magnetic flux density, increasing the proportion of soft magnetic material by reducing the amount of binder, or increasing the molding pressure, compacting with high saturation magnetic flux density The body is obtained.
- the soft magnetic powder examples include iron group metals such as Fe, Co, and Ni, and Fe-based alloys mainly composed of Fe, such as Fe—Si, Fe—Ni, Fe—Al, Fe—Co, Fe—Cr, and Fe—.
- Fe-based alloys mainly composed of Fe such as Fe—Si, Fe—Ni, Fe—Al, Fe—Co, Fe—Cr, and Fe—.
- powders made of iron-based materials such as Si—Al, rare earth metal powders, and ferrite powders.
- the iron-based material is easy to obtain a magnetic core having a saturation magnetic flux density higher than that of ferrite.
- the insulating coating formed on the soft magnetic powder include a phosphoric acid compound, a silicon compound, a zirconium compound, an aluminum compound, or a boron compound.
- This insulating coating can effectively reduce eddy current loss, especially when the magnetic particles constituting the magnetic powder are made of a metal such as an iron group metal or an Fe-based alloy.
- the binder include thermoplastic resins, non-thermoplastic resins, and higher fatty acids. This binder disappears by the above baking, or changes to an insulator such as silica.
- the compacted body is a case where an insulating material such as an insulating coating exists between the magnetic particles so that the magnetic particles are insulated from each other to reduce eddy current loss, and high-frequency power is supplied to the coil 2. Also, the loss can be reduced.
- a well-known thing can be utilized for a compacting body.
- the inner core part 31 is comprised from the compacting body which consists of a soft-magnetic material provided with an insulating film, a saturation magnetic flux density is 1.6 T or more, and 1.2 of the saturation magnetic flux density of the outer core part 32. It is more than double.
- the relative permeability of the inner core portion 31 is, for example, 100 to 500, and the relative permeability of the entire magnetic core 3 including the inner core portion 31 and the outer core portion 32 is, for example, 10 to 100.
- the cross-sectional area can be reduced. Therefore, the form with the high saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core part 31 can contribute to size reduction of a reactor.
- the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion 31 is preferably 1.8 T or more, more preferably 2 T or more, and preferably 1.5 times or more, more preferably 1.8 times or more of the saturation magnetic flux density of the outer core portion 32, both of which have an upper limit. Absent. In addition, if it replaces with a compacting body and the laminated body of the electromagnetic steel plate represented by the silicon steel plate is utilized, it will be easy to raise the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core part 31 further.
- the length of the inner core portion 31 in the axial direction of the coil 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as the length) is longer than the length of the coil 2.
- both end surfaces 31 e and 31 e of the inner core portion 31 and the vicinity thereof protrude from each end surface of the coil 2.
- the protruding length of the inner core portion 31 can be selected as appropriate.
- the protruding lengths protruding from the end faces of the coil 2 are made equal, but may be different, and the protruding portion may exist only from one of the end faces of the coil 2.
- the inner core portion 31 can be disposed on the inside.
- the length of the inner core portion 31 and the length of the coil 2 may be equal, and the length of the inner core portion 31 may be shorter than the length of the coil 2.
- an insulating material (not shown) may be interposed between the inner core portion 31 and the coil 2.
- the insulating material include attaching an insulating tape to the inner peripheral surface of the coil 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner core portion 31, and disposing insulating paper or an insulating sheet.
- a bobbin (not shown) made of an insulating material may be disposed on the outer periphery of the inner core portion 31.
- an insulating resin such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin can be suitably used.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- LCP liquid crystal polymer
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the outer core portion 32 is combined with the inner core portion 31 to constitute a closed magnetic circuit.
- it is formed so as to cover both end faces of the coil 2, substantially all of the outer peripheral face of the coil 2, and both end faces 31e, 31e of the inner core portion 31 and the vicinity thereof, and has the following cross-sectional shape.
- a longitudinal cross-section (FIG. 2 (A)), a horizontal cross section (FIG. 2 (B)), and a horizontal cross section (through the axis
- each cross-sectional shape is annular.
- the magnetic core 3 forms a closed magnetic path by providing a part of the outer core portion 32 so as to connect both end faces 31e, 31e of the inner core portion 31.
- the outer core portion 32 only needs to be able to form a closed magnetic circuit, and its shape (coating region of the coil 2) is not particularly limited.
- a configuration in which a part of the outer periphery of the coil 2 is not covered by the outer core portion 32 is allowed.
- region of case 4A was not covered with the outer core part 32 in the outer peripheral surface of the coil 2, for example was mentioned.
- a base (not shown) for supporting the coil from the outer periphery is provided on the inner bottom surface 40i of the case 4A, and the outer core portion 32 is not interposed between the base and the coil, or the outer peripheral surface of the coil 2 is the case 4A.
- the form which touches at least one side wall part 41, and the outer core part 32 is not interposed in the contact location is mentioned.
- the entire outer core portion 32 is formed of a mixture (molded and hardened body) containing magnetic powder and resin, and the inner core portion 31 and the outer core portion 32 do not intervene with an outer core. It is joined by the constituent resin of the portion 32.
- the outer core portion 32 is also configured such that no gap material or air gap is interposed. Therefore, the magnetic core 3 is an integrated product that is integrated without any gap material.
- the reactor 1 ⁇ / b> A can protect the coil 2 and the inner core portion 31 from the external environment by using the outer core portion 32 and can enhance mechanical protection.
- the molded hardened body can be typically formed by injection molding or cast molding.
- injection molding usually, a powder made of a magnetic material and a fluid resin are mixed, and this mixed fluid is molded by pouring it into a molding die (here, case 4A) under a predetermined pressure. Is cured.
- cast molding a mixed fluid similar to that of injection molding is obtained, and then the mixed fluid is injected into a molding die without applying pressure to be molded and cured.
- the magnetic powder similar to the soft magnetic powder used for the inner core portion 31 described above can be used.
- the soft magnetic powder used for the outer core portion 32 can be suitably made of an iron-based material such as pure iron powder or Fe-based alloy powder. You may mix and use the multiple types of magnetic powder from which a material differs. You may utilize the coating powder provided with the insulating film which consists of phosphate etc. on the surface of the magnetic particle which consists of a soft magnetic material (especially metal material). When coating powder is used, eddy current loss can be reduced.
- the magnetic powder it is easy to use a powder having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m. When a plurality of types of powders having different particle sizes are used, a reactor having a high saturation magnetic flux density and a low loss is easily obtained.
- thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a silicone resin, or a urethane resin can be suitably used as the binder resin.
- a thermosetting resin When a thermosetting resin is used, the molded body is heated to thermally cure the resin.
- a normal temperature curable resin or a low temperature curable resin may be used as the binder resin.
- the molded body is allowed to stand at a normal temperature to a relatively low temperature to be cured. Since the molded hardened body has a relatively large amount of resin that is a non-magnetic material, even when the same soft magnetic powder as that of the green compact forming the inner core portion 31 is used, the saturation magnetic flux density is higher than that of the green compact. And a core with low magnetic permeability is easily formed.
- a filler made of ceramics such as alumina or silica may be mixed with the constituent material of the molded cured body.
- the filler having a specific gravity smaller than that of the magnetic powder uneven distribution of the magnetic powder is suppressed, and an outer core portion in which the magnetic powder is uniformly dispersed can be easily obtained.
- the said filler is comprised from the material excellent in thermal conductivity, it can contribute to the improvement of heat dissipation.
- the filler content may be 0.3% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less when the molded hardened body is 100% by mass, and the total content of the magnetic powder and the filler is outside.
- the core part When the core part is taken as 100% by volume, 20% by volume to 70% by volume can be mentioned.
- the filler is made finer than the magnetic powder, the filler is interposed between the magnetic particles to effectively prevent uneven distribution, and the magnetic powder can be uniformly dispersed, and the ratio of the magnetic powder due to the inclusion of the filler It is easy to suppress the decrease of
- the magnetic powder is placed on the bottom surface 40 of the case 4A during the production of the molded cured body. It may settle to the side and become the outer core part in which the magnetic powder is unevenly distributed on the bottom surface 40 side.
- a region having a high density of magnetic powder in the outer core portion can be easily brought into contact with the inner core portion 31, so that a closed magnetic circuit can be sufficiently formed.
- the outer core portion 32 is composed of a molded hardened body of a coating powder and an epoxy resin having the above coating on the surface of particles made of an iron-based material having an average particle size of 100 ⁇ m or less, and has a relative magnetic permeability of 5 to 30, Saturation magnetic flux density: 0.5 T or more and less than the saturation magnetic flux density of the inner core portion 31.
- the permeability and saturation magnetic flux density of the molded cured body can be adjusted by changing the blending of the magnetic powder and the resin serving as the binder.
- a molded and hardened body having a low magnetic permeability when the blending amount of the magnetic powder is reduced, a molded and hardened body having a low magnetic permeability can be obtained.
- a test piece prepared from each core part 31, 32 is prepared, and a commercially available BH curve tracer, VSM (sample vibration type magnetometer) or the like is used. Can be measured.
- the case 4 ⁇ / b> A is typically a rectangular parallelepiped box composed of a rectangular bottom plate portion 40 and four side wall portions 41 erected from the bottom plate portion 40. Yes, there may be one in which the surface facing the bottom plate portion 40 is opened.
- the case 4A includes a mold for molding the outer core portion 32 of the molded and hardened body, a container for housing the combined body 10 of the coil 2 and the magnetic core 3, a member for containing leakage magnetic flux from the magnetic core 3, and heat dissipation. Used as a route.
- the case 4 ⁇ / b> A may be configured by only the side wall portion 41.
- the case 4A of the present embodiment is composed of a composite material including an insulating resin and a porous body made of a nonmagnetic metal.
- a part of the case 4A may be made of a composite material.
- portions other than the composite material may be made of a nonmagnetic metal to enhance the shielding effect of leakage magnetic flux by the case 4A, or may be made of an insulating resin to further reduce the weight of the case 4A. .
- the composite material has a configuration in which an insulating resin is disposed in a gap (a portion other than the porous body including pores of the porous body, as will be described later) between the porous bodies made of a nonmagnetic metal.
- the volume ratio of the porous body in the case 4A is preferably 10 to 70% by volume.
- nonmagnetic metal powder for example, a metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, nickel-chromium alloy such as Inconel, or austenitic stainless steel can be preferably used.
- a metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, nickel-chromium alloy such as Inconel, or austenitic stainless steel
- aluminum, magnesium, and alloys thereof are lightweight, they are also suitable as a component material for automobile parts that are desired to be lightweight.
- thermosetting resin a delayed curable resin, a thermoplastic resin, or the like
- epoxy, silicone, PPS, BMC (Bulk molding compound), etc. can be used as the insulating resin.
- These resins may be mixed with a filler made of at least one ceramic selected from silicon nitride, alumina, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, and silicon carbide, thereby improving the heat dissipation of the case 4A. .
- the arrangement of the insulating resin with respect to the gaps in the porous body can be roughly classified into three. Since the arrangement form of the insulating resin is related to the manufacturing method of the nonmagnetic metal porous body, the manufacturing method of the porous body will be described first.
- a porous body is a three-dimensional network substrate made of an insulating resin such as foamed urethane, and the surface of the substrate (including the surface of the pores of the network) is coated with a nonmagnetic metal (such as electroless plating).
- a nonmagnetic metal such as electroless plating
- an intermediate porous body coated with nickel-chromium alloy or aluminum is prepared, and the intermediate porous body is heat-treated to disappear the substrate (for example, patent 2628600 filed by the present applicant). No. gazette and International Publication No. 2011/118460).
- the intermediate porous body is a member made of an insulating resin and a nonmagnetic metal member coated on the surface thereof.
- the nonmagnetic metal porous body made of a hollow skeleton It can be said that it is a composite material in which the substrate is disposed in the hollow portion (gap).
- a form in which this intermediate porous body is directly used as a composite material is the first form of the composite material using the porous body. Since the composite material of this form has a simple manufacturing process, it is excellent in productivity.
- the intermediate porous body has a form in which a non-magnetic metal is plated on the surface of a three-dimensional mesh-shaped insulating resin base and still has three-dimensional holes (gap). May be filled.
- a form in which the intermediate porous body in which the pores are filled with the insulating resin is used as the composite material is the second form of the composite material using the porous body.
- the composite material in this form is superior in strength to the form using the intermediate porous body as it is.
- Filling the pores of the intermediate porous body with the insulating resin can be performed, for example, by immersing (pressurizing) the intermediate porous body in a pool of insulating resin and curing the insulating resin. Needless to say, the curing factor varies depending on the type of insulating resin (for example, time, temperature increase, or temperature decrease).
- the third form of the composite material is a form in which insulating resin is filled into the pores of the porous body from which the base body has disappeared and the hollow portion of the skeleton (the portion where the base body was present).
- the substrate is often produced from a soft material such as urethane. This is because a soft material is easier to form pores. Therefore, instead of a soft substrate such as urethane, an insulating resin excellent in strength, such as epoxy, is filled in the hollow portion of the skeleton, so that the strength is higher than the form in which the insulating resin is filled in the intermediate porous body where the substrate remains. It can be set as the composite material provided.
- the composite material of this third form has an advantage that it can be produced simply by purchasing a commercially available porous body and filling the porous body with an insulating resin. Filling the gap between the porous bodies in this form with the insulating resin may be performed in the same manner as the composite material of the second form.
- a base to be prepared when the porous body is fabricated is prepared in advance in the shape of the case 4A, and a nonmagnetic metal is applied to the base. It is preferable to produce an intermediate porous body by plating. When the intermediate porous body is used as it is as the composite material in the present invention, the case 4A is completed at this point. In order to further increase the strength of the case 4A, the pores of the intermediate porous body are filled with insulating resin, or the base body of the intermediate porous body is removed by heat treatment, and then the gap between the porous bodies is filled with insulating resin. Just do it.
- the case 4A may be manufactured by preparing a plurality of plate-like composite materials including a porous body, combining them in a box shape, and integrating them with an insulating resin.
- a plate-shaped composite material is laid on the bottom of a bottomed cylindrical first mold, a second mold serving as a core is placed inside the first mold, and the inner wall surface of the first mold A plate-shaped composite material is inserted into the gap with the outer peripheral surface of the second mold. Then, an insulating resin is poured into the gap between the first mold and the second mold to cure the insulating resin.
- the unevenness of the inner surface is preferably a size and shape that does not cause cracks in the molded cured body (outer core portion 32).
- the maximum height (maximum height difference between the concave portion and the convex portion) is 1 mm or less, preferably 0.5 mm or less.
- the shape of the unevenness is preferably a shape in which the surface of the fine unevenness is a curved surface and has substantially no corners.
- the inner surface of the case 4A is roughened, or a concavo-convex shape is formed on the mold for producing the case 4A.
- the shape may be transferred to the case 4A.
- the uneven shape may be caused by the presence of a nonmagnetic metal porous body included in the case 4A.
- the bottom plate portion 40 of the case 4A includes an outer bottom surface 40o that serves as an installation surface for an installation target such as a cooling table, and an inner bottom surface 40i that faces a combined body of a coil and a magnetic core.
- a pedestal (not shown) that supports a part of the outer peripheral surface of the coil 2 may be provided on the inner bottom surface 40i.
- the pedestal part may be formed integrally with the inner bottom surface 40i with a concave curved surface that conforms to the outer peripheral surface of the coil.
- Such a curved surface also functions as a positioning portion for the coil 2 in the case.
- the surface of the curved surface may not have the fine irregularities described above. Thereby, damage to the insulation coating of the coil 2 can be suppressed.
- a positioning member (not shown) may be separately arranged so that the coil 2 can be easily positioned in the case 4A.
- the positioning member is a molded and hardened body made of the same material as the constituent material of the outer core portion 32, the positioning member can be easily integrated when the outer core portion 32 is formed, and the separate member is used as a magnetic path. be able to.
- the positioning member is made of a material having excellent heat dissipation, the heat dissipation can be improved.
- the case 4 ⁇ / b> A includes a mounting portion 45 having a bolt hole 45 h for fixing the reactor 1 ⁇ / b> A to the installation target with a fixing member such as a bolt.
- a fixing member such as a bolt.
- an insulating material such as the insulating paper, the insulating sheet, or the insulating tape described above may be interposed between the coil 2 and the case 4A.
- the insulating material is present on both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the coil 2 (which may include the end surface of the coil 2). can do.
- This insulating material only needs to be present to such an extent that the minimum insulation required between the coil 2 and the case 4A can be ensured.
- By making the insulating material as thin as possible it is possible to suppress a decrease in thermal conductivity due to the inclusion of the insulating material. In addition, downsizing can be achieved.
- an insulating adhesive can be used as the insulating material. That is, the coil 2 and the case 4A can be fixed with an adhesive. In this configuration, the insulation between the coil 2 and the case 4A can be improved, and the coil 2 can be adhered to the case 4A with an adhesive regardless of the resin component of the outer core portion 32.
- the adhesive can be suitably used that has excellent thermal conductivity, for example, an adhesive containing a filler having excellent thermal conductivity and electrical insulation, such as alumina. When the thickness of the adhesive layer is reduced and a multilayer structure is used, electrical insulation can be improved even if the total thickness is small. Further, when this adhesive is in the form of a sheet, it is excellent in workability. As such an adhesive, a commercially available product can be used.
- a physical quantity measuring sensor such as a temperature sensor or a current sensor can be provided.
- the wiring connected to the sensor is pulled out from the opening of the case.
- Reactor 1A having the above-described configuration is used in applications where current-carrying conditions are, for example, maximum current (direct current): about 100 A to 1000 A, average voltage: about 100 V to 1000 V, and operating frequency: about 5 kHz to 100 kHz, typically an electric vehicle It can be suitably used as a component part of a vehicle-mounted power conversion device such as a hybrid vehicle. In this application, it is expected that an inductance satisfying 10 ⁇ H or more and 2 mH or less of the inductance when the DC current is 0 A and 10% or more of the inductance when the current is maximum is 0 A can be suitably used.
- Reactor 1A can be manufactured as follows, for example. First, the inner core part 31 which consists of the coil 2 and a compacting body is prepared, the inner core part 31 is inserted in the coil 2, and the assembly of the coil 2 and the inner core part 31 is produced. As described above, an insulating material (not shown) may be appropriately disposed between the coil 2 and the inner core portion 31. Moreover, you may arrange
- the assembly is stored in the case 4A.
- a mixed fluid of magnetic powder and resin constituting the outer core portion 32 is appropriately poured to form a predetermined shape, and then the outer core portion 32 can be formed by curing the resin.
- the reactor 1A (FIG. 1) is obtained.
- ⁇ effect ⁇ Reactor 1A is lighter and easier to handle than a reactor having a conventional structure including a case. Therefore, when an electric circuit is produced using reactor 1A, the productivity of the electric circuit can be improved. Moreover, the weight reduction of the apparatus which mounts the electric circuit provided with the reactor 1A can be achieved by using the reactor 1A lighter than before.
- Embodiment 2 the reactor of Embodiment 2 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
- This reactor 1B is different from the first embodiment in that a lid 5 is further provided. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the following description will be mainly made on this difference.
- the case 4B has the same configuration as the case 4A of the first embodiment, although the reference numeral is different.
- the lid 5 covers at least a part of the opening of the case 4B.
- the lid 5 is provided so as to cover almost the entire surface of the case opening. If the area covering the opening of the case 4B is large, (1) the outer core portion 32 can be protected, (2) dropout of the stored items in the case 4B can be suppressed, and (3) leakage magnetic flux from the magnetic core 3 can be prevented. There exists an effect that it can be effectively contained in 4B. In order to suppress the falling off of the stored item in the case 4B, it is preferable to provide the lid 5 so as to straddle at least the location where the opening is opposed.
- the lid 5 is preferably composed of the same configuration as the case 4B (that is, the case 4A of the first embodiment), that is, a composite material including an insulating resin and a nonmagnetic metal.
- the case 5B including the lid 5 may be regarded as the case 4B. If it is such a structure, the weight increase of the reactor 1B by having added the lid
- the lid 5 may be a simple non-magnetic metal plate, and even in that case, the effects (1) to (3) can be obtained.
- the lid 5 When pulling out the end of the winding 2w constituting the coil 2 to the opening side of the case 4B, the lid 5 is provided with an outlet at the end of the winding 2w.
- This outlet may be a through hole or a notch formed inward from the outer peripheral edge of the lid 5.
- a physical quantity measurement sensor such as a temperature sensor or a current sensor is provided in the reactor 1B and a wiring connected to the sensor is pulled out from the opening of the case, an outlet for the wiring is provided in the lid 5.
- This outlet may also be a through hole or a notch.
- the lid 5 may be fixed by integrating the lid 5 with the outer core portion 32 using a resin that forms the molded cured body.
- Embodiment 3 With reference to FIG. 4, the reactor 1C of Embodiment 3 is demonstrated.
- the basic configuration of the reactor 1C is the same as that of the reactor 1A of the first embodiment described above, and the coil 2, the magnetic core 3, and the case 4C that houses the coil 2 and the magnetic core 3 (the same as the case 4A of the first embodiment).
- Configuration The difference between the reactor 1 ⁇ / b> C and the reactor 1 ⁇ / b> A is that the coil 2 is stored.
- this difference and its effects will be mainly described, and detailed description of other configurations and effects common to the first embodiment will be omitted.
- the case 4 ⁇ / b> C includes a rectangular plate-shaped bottom plate portion 40 and a rectangular frame-shaped side wall 41 erected from the bottom plate portion 40.
- the case 4C of the third embodiment may be provided with a lid similar to that of the second embodiment.
- the coil 2 is housed in the case 4C with respect to the inner bottom surface 40i of the case 4C so that the axis of the coil 2 is perpendicular to the bottom plate portion 40 (outer bottom surface 40o). Called). Further, the inner core portion 31 inserted through the coil 2 is also stored so that its axis is perpendicular to the bottom plate portion 40, and one end surface 31e of the inner core portion 31 is in contact with the inner bottom surface 40i of the case 4C.
- the outer core portion 32 includes an outer peripheral surface of the coil 2 housed in the case 4C, an outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of one end surface 31e of the inner core portion 31, and the other end surface 31e of the inner core portion 31 and an outer peripheral surface in the vicinity thereof. And cover.
- Irregularities similar to those of the first embodiment are also formed on the inner surface of the case 4C.
- the above-mentioned unevenness is not provided in a part of the bottom surface of the case that comes into contact with one end surface of the inner core portion.
- a positioning member (not shown) for the coil 2 is provided in order to place the coil 2 in the middle part of the case 4C.
- the positioning member may be formed integrally with the side wall 41 of the case 4C or the like, or may be a separate member formed of a composite material or the like constituting the outer core portion 32.
- the case 4C may be configured to include a positioning member (not shown, for example, a protrusion protruding from the inner bottom surface 40i) of the inner core portion 31 therein.
- the vertical type reactor 1C can reduce the bottom plate portion 40 of the case 4C, so that the installation area can be reduced as compared with the horizontal type reactor 1A. Moreover, the inner core part 31 is excellent in stability with respect to the case 4C by using the end surface 31e as a contact surface with respect to the case 4C.
- the coil 2 is embedded in the outer core portion 32 made of a molded and hardened body.
- a coil molded body (not shown) in which the coil is pre-molded with the inner resin portion is used, and this coil molded body is connected to the outer side. It is good also as a structure embed
- the coil molded body has a configuration in which the axial length of the coil is held by the inner resin portion.
- the region where the inner resin portion covers the coil may be at least a part of both end surfaces and the outer peripheral surface of the coil.
- the resin part can be used for positioning the inner core part.
- the end portion of the winding wire constituting the coil is exposed from the inner resin portion.
- the coil molded body may have a configuration in which a hollow hole for fitting the inner core portion is formed on the inner peripheral side of the coil, or a configuration in which the coil and the inner core portion are integrally molded by the inner resin portion.
- it is easy to store the integrated body of the coil and the inner core portion in the case.
- the coil molded body can easily handle the coil and can shorten the length of the coil in the axial direction.
- the thickness of the inner resin portion in the coil molded body is, for example, about 1 mm to 10 mm.
- the molding include injection molding, transfer molding, and cast molding.
- thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, or a thermoplastic resin such as a PPS resin or LCP
- thermoplastic resin such as a PPS resin or LCP
- these resins are mixed with a filler made of at least one ceramic selected from silicon nitride, alumina, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, and silicon carbide, heat dissipation can be improved.
- the coil can be handled as a component with suppressed expansion and contraction, and the reactor is excellent in manufacturability.
- the reactor is excellent in manufacturability.
- the number of parts handled at the time of manufacture can be reduced, and the productivity of the reactor is further improved.
- the combination provided in the reactor of the present invention may be a combination of a type in which an annular magnetic core is arranged in a coil in which two coil elements are connected on one end side. Even in such a case, the configuration of the case can be the same as that of the first to third embodiments. Therefore, in the following description, only the configuration of the combination will be described with reference to FIG.
- Coil 2 ' which comprises union 10' is provided with a pair of coil elements 2a and 2b, and coil connection part 2r which connects both coil elements 2a and 2b.
- the coil elements 2a and 2b are formed in a hollow rectangular tube shape with the same number of turns and the same winding direction, and are arranged side by side so that the axial directions are parallel to each other.
- the connecting portion 2r is a portion bent in a U shape that connects the coil elements 2a and 2b on the other end side of the coil 2 '(the right side in FIG. 5).
- the magnetic core 3 ′ includes a pair of inner core portions 31 ′ and 31 ′ disposed inside the coil elements 2a and 2b, and a pair of outer core portions 32 ′ and 32 ′ exposed from the coil 2 ′.
- Each inner core portion 31 ′, 31 ′ is configured by alternately laminating divided cores (core pieces) 31m made of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped magnetic material and gap plates 31g having a lower magnetic permeability than the divided core 31m. It is a laminate.
- each outer core part 32 ', 32' is a columnar core piece which has a dome-shaped surface, for example.
- One end (the left side of the drawing) of the inner core portions 31 ′ and 31 ′ that are spaced apart is connected via one outer core portion 32 ′, and the other ends (the right side of the drawing) of the core portions 31 ′ and 31 ′ are connected to each other.
- an annular magnetic core 3 ′ is formed by the inner core portions 31 ′, 31 ′ and the outer core portions 32 ′, 32 ′.
- a molded body using magnetic powder or a laminated body in which a plurality of magnetic thin plates (for example, electromagnetic steel plates) having an insulating coating are laminated can be used.
- the split core 31m constituting the inner core portions 31 'and 31' and the outer core portions 32 'and 32' may have different magnetic characteristics by using different magnetic materials. Further, the split core 31m constituting the inner core portions 31 'and 31' and the outer core portions 32 'and 32' may use the same magnetic material and have the same magnetic characteristics.
- the relative permeability of the core piece is small (for example, when the relative permeability is 5 or more and 30 or less), the gap plate may be omitted and the inner core portion 31 ′ may be a single core.
- the combined body 10 ′ of this embodiment includes a bobbin 6 ′ for enhancing the insulation between the coil 2 ′ and the magnetic core 3 ′.
- the bobbin 6 ′ has a pair of inner bobbins 61 ′ disposed on the outer periphery of the inner core portion 31 ′ and a pair of frame-shaped bobbins 62 that are in contact with the end surface of the coil 2 ′ (surface where the coil turns appear to be annular). 'And the configuration with.
- an insulating material such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin, liquid crystal polymer (LCP) can be used.
- sealing resin Sealing resin is filled between the above-described combination 10 'and a case (not shown). By doing so, it can prevent union 10 'from dropping out of a case.
- the sealing resin for example, an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a silicone resin, or the like can be used.
- the heat dissipation of sealing resin can also be improved by containing the filler excellent in insulation and heat conductivity in sealing resin.
- Embodiments 1 to 4 can be used, for example, as a component part of a converter mounted on a vehicle or the like, or a component part of a power conversion device including this converter.
- a vehicle 1200 such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle is used for traveling by being driven by a main battery 1210, a power converter 1100 connected to the main battery 1210, and power supplied from the main battery 1210 as shown in FIG.
- the motor (load) 1220 is provided.
- the motor 1220 is typically a three-phase AC motor, which drives the wheel 1250 when traveling and functions as a generator during regeneration.
- vehicle 1200 includes an engine in addition to motor 1220.
- FIG. 6 although an inlet is shown as a charge location of the vehicle 1200, it is good also as a form provided with a plug.
- the power conversion device 1100 includes a converter 1110 connected to the main battery 1210 and an inverter 1120 connected to the converter 1110 and performing mutual conversion between direct current and alternating current.
- the converter 1110 shown in this example boosts the DC voltage (input voltage) of the main battery 1210 of about 200V to 300V to about 400V to 700V when the vehicle 1200 is running, and supplies the inverter 1120 with power.
- converter 1110 steps down DC voltage (input voltage) output from motor 1220 via inverter 1120 to DC voltage suitable for main battery 1210 during regeneration, and causes main battery 1210 to be charged.
- the inverter 1120 converts the direct current boosted by the converter 1110 into a predetermined alternating current when the vehicle 1200 is running, and supplies the motor 1220 with electric power. During regeneration, the alternating current output from the motor 1220 is converted into direct current and output to the converter 1110. is doing.
- the converter 1110 includes a plurality of switching elements 1111, a drive circuit 1112 that controls the operation of the switching elements 1111, and a reactor L, and converts input voltage by ON / OFF repetition (switching operation). (In this case, step-up / down pressure) is performed.
- a power device such as FET or IGBT is used.
- the reactor L has the function of smoothing the change when the current is going to increase or decrease by the switching operation by utilizing the property of the coil that prevents the change of the current to flow through the circuit.
- the reactor as described in the said embodiment and modification is used.
- Vehicle 1200 is connected to converter 1110, power supply converter 1150 connected to main battery 1210, sub-battery 1230 serving as a power source for auxiliary machinery 1240, and main battery 1210.
- Auxiliary power supply converter 1160 for converting high voltage to low voltage is provided.
- the converter 1110 typically performs DC-DC conversion, while the power supply device converter 1150 and the auxiliary power supply converter 1160 perform AC-DC conversion. Some power supply device converters 1150 perform DC-DC conversion.
- the reactors of the power supply device converter 1150 and the auxiliary power supply converter 1160 have the same configuration as the reactors of the above-described embodiments and modifications, and a reactor whose size and shape are appropriately changed can be used.
- the reactor of the above-described embodiment can be used for a converter that performs conversion of input power and that only performs step-up or converter that performs only step-down.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- you may comprise the case in embodiment only with a porous body.
- it is desirable to ensure insulation between the case and the combination by interposing an insulating member between the case and the combination.
- the reactor of the present invention can be used as a component of a power conversion device such as a bidirectional DC-DC converter mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a fuel cell vehicle.
- a power conversion device such as a bidirectional DC-DC converter mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a fuel cell vehicle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Cette invention concerne une bobine de réactance (1A) comprenant un ensemble (10) formé d'une bobine (2) et d'un noyau magnétique (3), ainsi qu'un boîtier (4A) pour loger ledit ensemble (10). Au moins une partie du boîtier (4A) de la bobine de réactance (1A) contient un matériau poreux constitué d'un métal non magnétique. En conséquence, la proportion du métal non magnétique par unité de volume du boîtier (4A) est réduite comparativement aux configurations traditionnelles, ce qui permet de réduire le poids du boîtier (4A) et par conséquent le poids de la bobine de réactance (1A).
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JP2011-250992 | 2011-11-16 | ||
JP2011250992A JP2013106003A (ja) | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | リアクトル、コンバータ、および電力変換装置 |
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WO2013073283A1 true WO2013073283A1 (fr) | 2013-05-23 |
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PCT/JP2012/073852 WO2013073283A1 (fr) | 2011-11-16 | 2012-09-18 | Bobine de réactance, convertisseur et dispositif de conversion d'énergie électrique |
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JP7436415B2 (ja) | 2021-03-29 | 2024-02-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電力変換ユニットおよび電力変換装置 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5816501A (ja) * | 1981-07-23 | 1983-01-31 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 電子部品及びその製造方法 |
JP2003163122A (ja) * | 2001-11-26 | 2003-06-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 車両用リアクトル |
JP2006351653A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | リアクトル装置 |
JP2007019402A (ja) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-25 | Denso Corp | コイル封止型樹脂成形リアクトル及びその製造方法 |
JP2010034228A (ja) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-12 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | リアクトル |
WO2010110007A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Bobine de réactance |
JP2011124310A (ja) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-23 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | リアクトル |
-
2011
- 2011-11-16 JP JP2011250992A patent/JP2013106003A/ja active Pending
-
2012
- 2012-09-18 WO PCT/JP2012/073852 patent/WO2013073283A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5816501A (ja) * | 1981-07-23 | 1983-01-31 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 電子部品及びその製造方法 |
JP2003163122A (ja) * | 2001-11-26 | 2003-06-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 車両用リアクトル |
JP2006351653A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | リアクトル装置 |
JP2007019402A (ja) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-25 | Denso Corp | コイル封止型樹脂成形リアクトル及びその製造方法 |
JP2010034228A (ja) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-12 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | リアクトル |
WO2010110007A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Bobine de réactance |
JP2011124310A (ja) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-23 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | リアクトル |
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