WO2013044410A1 - 冶炼用罐 - Google Patents

冶炼用罐 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013044410A1
WO2013044410A1 PCT/CN2011/001644 CN2011001644W WO2013044410A1 WO 2013044410 A1 WO2013044410 A1 WO 2013044410A1 CN 2011001644 W CN2011001644 W CN 2011001644W WO 2013044410 A1 WO2013044410 A1 WO 2013044410A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
heating device
smelting
gas
disposed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/001644
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李顺义
于树金
刘文丰
边仁杰
Original Assignee
河北文丰钢铁有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 河北文丰钢铁有限公司 filed Critical 河北文丰钢铁有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2011/001644 priority Critical patent/WO2013044410A1/zh
Publication of WO2013044410A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013044410A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/466—Charging device for converters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
    • C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F27B2014/106—Ladles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to metallurgical industrial equipment, in particular to a smelting can. Background technique
  • the prior art generally uses a baking oven to bake a bulk metal filler.
  • the disadvantage is that the temperature of the bulk metal filler baked in the baking oven is high, but the bulk metal filler is used after being discharged.
  • the temperature drop is very fast during the stay on the cold transport, and the heat loss is large.
  • the temperature has been reduced by half from the time of the furnace to the use. In some cases, the temperature is reduced by more than half of the temperature at the time of the furnace. It is obvious that the heat storage of the alloy is reduced by half, and the heat energy is almost half of it.
  • Metal smelting has been in large-scale industrial production for over a hundred years, and energy baking has been a waste of a hundred years.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a smelting can that can be easily transported.
  • the present invention provides a can for smelting, comprising a can body, a heating device capable of being separately sealed and assembled with the can body, and a can lid which can be separately sealed and assembled with the can body.
  • the tank body comprises: a tank wall having a cavity formed therein for receiving the bulk metal filler; The smoke passage is formed on the inner side of the tank body; the discharge port is formed at the bottom of the tank body; and the discharge gate is pivotally disposed at the bottom of the tank body for opening/closing the discharge port.
  • the heating device comprises: a body formed with a supply air passage; a gas supply mechanism disposed on the body, providing gas in a space formed when the heating device and the can body are sealed and assembled; a gas supply mechanism disposed on the body and connected to the air supply passage Providing a combustion-supporting wind and forming a supply air path with the air supply passage to supply the combustion-supporting wind to the space formed by the heating device and the tank sealing assembly through the air supply path; the ignition mechanism is disposed on the body, and the gas is disposed Ignition to generate heat and flue gas to heat the bulk metal filler to a predetermined temperature lower than a melting point of the bulk metal filler; and a heat exchange mechanism disposed in the air supply passage, in the heating device and the tank During the sealing assembly, the heat exchange mechanism communicates with the exhaust passage of the tank body to form a smoke exhausting path, and the exhausting path is isolated from the air supply path, and the smoke flow in the exhaust path passes through the heat exchange mechanism and the air supply path
  • the can body wall is composed of two curved curved surfaces having inclined angles in the vertical direction and having different curvatures in the same horizontal cross section;
  • the can cover includes The can lid wall is assembled with the can body, and the can lid wall is composed of two curved curved surfaces having different curvatures on the same horizontal cross section.
  • the can body further comprises: an insulating layer disposed on an outer surface of the can body wall.
  • the tank further comprises: a tank shoulder disposed on the tank wall and located above the discharge gate; the smelting tank further comprising: a tank hook, Fixed to the bracket and movable relative to the bracket, the can hook can hook the can holder to support and hold the can.
  • the smelting tank further comprises: a flow restricting member disposed on the tank hook for cooperating with the discharge sealing door to control the bulk metal filler from The flow rate discharged from the tank.
  • a supporting shoulder is provided at the bottom of the discharge sealing door, and the supporting shoulder is used for supporting the can body on the work surface and forming a forklift for the lower part of the discharge sealing door
  • the forklift arm that is inserted into the can body is inserted into the space.
  • the inner side wall surface and the top wall of the body-facing cavity of the body of the heating device are curved, and the inner side wall surface and the top wall are surrounded to form a tank-facing body.
  • the inner sidewall surface is composed of two curved curved surfaces having different curvatures on the same horizontal cross section, and the gas supply mechanism includes two gas outlets, the two The gas outlets are offset in opposite directions at arcuate curved surfaces of different curvatures of the inner sidewall surface. More preferably, the directions of the two gas outlets are in contact with the corresponding curved curved surface so that the ejected gas sticks to the corresponding curved curved surface.
  • the heating device further comprises: a fire shield provided at a bottom of the heating device.
  • the heating device and the can body are hermetically assembled by a ring seal insert disposed at the bottom of the heating device and a sand seal groove provided at the can end of the can body.
  • the plug-and-socket seal assembly is achieved by a plug fit between the ring seal insert disposed at the bottom of the can lid and the sand seal groove disposed at the can end of the can body.
  • the sand disposed in the sand seal tank is sand of the same material as the bulk metal filler.
  • the smelting tank further includes: a material bell attachable to the tank body for arranging the bulk metal filler in the tank body The distribution of the bulk metal filler in the can is controlled such that the bulk metal filler forms a concave shape in the can body.
  • the tanks in the smelting tank are respectively assembled with the heating device and the can lid, and the double effect of heating and temperature preservation is realized, and at the same time, the block metal filler can be discharged when used, thereby saving energy.
  • heat exchange mechanism When the flue gas flow in the exhaust path passes through the heat exchange mechanism, heat exchange with the combustion-supporting wind in the air supply path reduces the temperature of the flue gas, increases the temperature of the combustion-supporting wind, and further increases the heating of the bulk metal additive. The effect is to make the most of energy.
  • the temperature of the flue gas is indirectly cooled by the tank body, thereby realizing the ability of the furnace body without the refractory material to protect the steel structure from high temperature, and also reducing the volume of the tank body. Increased efficiency and saved resources.
  • the tank wall and the tank wall are composed of two curved curved surfaces with different curvatures, which is favorable for the stable transportation of the forklift, and is favorable for the uniform thermal expansion deformation of the tank wall and the tank wall, thereby maintaining the shape of the tank wall and the tank wall. Thermal energy remains stable.
  • the arrangement of the canister shoulder and the can holder hook is advantageous for maintaining the can body when the discharge of the can is closed.
  • the arrangement of the insulation layer is beneficial to reduce the heat radiated outward from the tank body, and the inter-grounding improves the heating efficiency of the bulk metal filler in the tank body, thereby saving energy.
  • the flow restrictor is arranged to cooperate with the discharge gate to control the flow of the metal block from the can.
  • the setting of the shoulder is advantageous for the forklift to transport the tank or the tank with the can lid.
  • the inner side wall surface and the top wall of the body of the heating device facing the can body are curved and surround the cavity which is formed to face the direction of the can body, which is beneficial to the convergence of combustion energy after the gas is ignited, and the flame is not only easier Heating the bulk metal filler increases heating efficiency and saves energy.
  • the inner side wall surface is composed of two curved curved surfaces having different curvatures on the same horizontal cross section, and the gas supply mechanism includes two gas outlets, and the two gas outlets are oppositely located on the inner side wall surface respectively.
  • the curved curved surface of the curvature facilitates the formation of vortexes and improves the heating efficiency.
  • the heat flow is further facilitated by the stacked bulk metal material, which is favorable for the rapid heating block. Metal material.
  • the setting of the fire shield can control the distribution of the flame during the combustion of the gas, and is conducive to the convergence of the combustion energy after the ignition of the gas.
  • the flame not only makes it easier to heat the bulk metal filler, but also improves the heating efficiency and saves energy.
  • the plug fit between the ring seal insert at the bottom of the heating device and the sand seal groove at the can end of the can body enables sealing assembly of the heating device and the can body, the ring seal insert plate at the bottom of the can lid and the can body
  • the plug fit between the sand seal grooves at the can end allows for a sealed assembly of the can lid and the can body to prevent internal heat from escaping from the assembled joint.
  • the sand in the sand seal tank is made of sand of the same material as the block metal filler, which avoids the influence of the sand carried by the heating device or the lid on the bulk metal filler.
  • the provision of the bell can effectively control the distribution of the bulk metal filler in the tank. Especially when the bulk metal filler is concave in the tank body, the flame not only makes it easier to heat the bulk metal filler, but also improves the heating efficiency. It saves energy, and the flame is not easy to burn directly to the tank wall to reduce its life.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a can body in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a left side view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the tank wall of the tank
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of a material clock according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view showing a heating device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a front elevational view of a can lid in accordance with the present invention;
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a plan view showing the structure of a lifting device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of the front of the can body by the lifting device according to the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the material according to the present invention placed on the can body
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the state after the addition of the bulk metal filler to the can body by the bell in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the mounting of the heating device to the can body after the block metal filler according to the present invention completes the cloth in the can body, wherein the lifting device can simultaneously lift the can lid;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic illustration of the baking of the bulk metal filler in the can after the heating device is mounted to the can according to the present invention
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view of the can after the baking of the block metal filler in the can body and the removal of the heating device by the lifting device according to the present invention
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a can body with a can lid conveyed by a forklift according to the present invention and opening the can body;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing a bulk metal addition addition process using a can body according to the present invention. wherein the reference numerals are as follows -
  • tank body 10 tank wall 101 first tank wall portion 103 second tank wall portion
  • lid 40 can lid wall 40A first can lid wall
  • the smelting can according to the present invention comprises a can body 1, a heating device 3 which can be separately sealed and assembled with the can body 1, and a can lid 4 which can be separately sealed and assembled with the can body.
  • the can body 1 includes: a can body wall 10 having a cavity 11 for receiving a bulk metal filler 6 therein; a smoke exhaust passage 14 formed inside the can body wall 10;
  • the discharge port 17 is formed at the bottom of the can body 1; the discharge sealing door 18 is pivotally disposed at the bottom of the can body 1 for opening/closing the discharge port 17.
  • the can body wall 10 may be a curved curved surface for more stable use of the forklift to transport the can body 1 or the can body 1 with the can lid 4.
  • the can body wall 10 is constructed of two curved curved surfaces having inclined angles in the vertical direction and having different curvatures in the same horizontal cross section.
  • the can body wall 10 is composed of a first can body wall portion 101 and a second can body wall portion 103, and the first can body wall portion 101 and the second can body wall portion 103 are horizontally cross-sectioned.
  • the upper is a curved surface with two different curvatures.
  • the first can body wall portion 101 has a curvature smaller than that of the second can body wall portion 103.
  • the can body wall 10 is inclined at an oblique angle in the vertical direction.
  • the respective radii of the first can body wall portion 101 and the second can body wall portion 103 having different curved curved surfaces vary in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG.
  • the large curvature portion (the second can wall portion 103 in the present invention) is brought close to the forklift driver
  • the center of gravity of the can body 1 is brought close to the forklift driver, and the stability of the can body 1 on the forklift arm 91 is maintained.
  • the first can body wall portion 101 is a quarter circumference around the center of the first can body wall portion 101
  • the second can body wall portion 103 is around the center of the second can body wall portion 103.
  • the can body wall 10 is composed of two curved curved surfaces of different curvatures, which contributes to uniform thermal expansion deformation of the can body wall 10, thereby keeping the shape of the can body wall 10 stable by heat energy.
  • the exhaust passage 14 has a smoke exhaust passage upper port 141 at the top of the can body wall 10 and a smoke exhaust passage lower port 143 at the bottom of the can body wall 10.
  • the position of the exhaust passage upper port 141 and the exhaust passage lower port 143 may be reversed.
  • the can body 1 may further include: an insulating layer 12 disposed on an outer surface of the can body wall 10.
  • the arrangement of the insulating layer 12 is advantageous for reducing the heat radiated from the can body 1, and the interconnection improves the heating efficiency of the bulk metal filler 6 (see Fig. 13) in the can body 1, thereby saving energy.
  • the discharge closure door 18 is pivotally disposed at the bottom of the can body 1 via a hinge shaft 181.
  • the can body 1 in order to facilitate the opening of the can body 1 when opening the discharge door 18 of the can body 1, the can body 1 may further comprise: a can holder shoulder 19 disposed on the can body wall 10 and located at the discharge Above the door 18. Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the smelting can according to the present invention may further include: a can holder hook 7A fixed to the holder (not shown) and movable relative to the holder, and the can holder hook 7A can be hooked The canister shoulder 19 is seated to support and hold the can body 1.
  • a support is provided at the bottom of the discharge sealing door 18.
  • a shoulder 183 for supporting the can body 1 on a work surface (not shown) and a forklift arm insertion space 185 for inserting the forklift arm 91 to carry the can body 1 at a lower portion of the discharge seal 18 is formed.
  • the heating device 3 includes: a body 39 formed with a supply air passage; a gas supply mechanism 30 disposed on the body 39, and the gas supply mechanism communicates with the air supply passage to the heating device 3 Providing gas in a space formed when the can body 1 is sealed and assembled; the air supply mechanism 31 is connected to the air supply passage, is disposed on the body 39, provides a combustion-supporting wind, and forms a supply air path with the air supply passage to support the wind To the gas supply mechanism 30, the combustion air is supplied to the gas supply mechanism 30 via the wind to the space formed by the heating device 4 and the can body 1 in the sealed assembly; the ignition mechanism 38 is disposed on the body 39 to ignite the gas to generate Heat and flue gas to heat the bulk metal filler 6 to a predetermined temperature lower than the melting point of the bulk metal filler 6; and the heat exchange mechanism 34, disposed in the air supply passage, and sealed in the heating device 3 and the tank body 1 The heat exchange mechanism 34 communicates with the exhaust passage 14 of the can body 1
  • the air supply mechanism 31 includes: a fan 31A that supplies combustion air; and a duct 31B that is in gas communication with the tuyere of the fan 31A. Among them, the tuyere of the fan 31A, the air passage 31B, the gas pipe inlet 30C, and the gas pipe 30A form a supply air path.
  • the gas supply mechanism 30 includes: a gas pipe 30A for supplying gas; a gas nozzle 30B disposed on the air supply path and connected to the gas pipe 30A; and a gas pipe inlet 30C disposed at the gas The nozzle 30B is in gas communication with the air passage 31B. In one embodiment, the number of gas nozzles 30B may be more than one.
  • the gas nozzle 30B can be arranged in two opposite directions, whereby the gas injected will form a vortex, and the gas pressure relative to the exhaust path will increase, thereby burning heat through the stacked blocks.
  • Metal material which is good for heating block metal materials quickly.
  • the air supply mechanism 31 may supply the combustion-supporting wind directly via the air passage 31B to the space formed by the heating device 4 and the can body 1 in a sealed assembly. At this time, the gas supply mechanism 30 does not need the gas pipe inlet 30C, and the tuyere of the fan 31A and the duct 31B form a supply path.
  • the heat exchange mechanism 34 is a heat exchange tube.
  • the body 39 of the heating device 3 faces the can body 1.
  • the inner side wall surface 37A and the top wall 37B of the cavity 11 are preferably curved, and the inner side wall surface 37A and the top wall 37B surround a cavity that is tapered toward the direction of the can body 1.
  • the heating device 4 is sealed and assembled with the can body 1, the heating device
  • the body 39 of the body 4 may have an arcuate structure corresponding to two different curvatures at a portion where the heating device 4 and the can body 1 are sealed, and the inner side wall surface 37A of the cavity 11 of the body 39 facing the can body 1 may also be used.
  • the gas nozzles 30B can be arranged in two opposite directions, and the two gas nozzles 30B can be correspondingly arranged in two arcs of different curvatures.
  • the gas outlet of the gas nozzle 30B is attached to the corresponding curved curved surface so that the ejected and burned gas will vortex against the curved surface of the inner side wall surface 37A, and at the same time heat the bulk metal material.
  • a heat flow of the hurricane shape is formed, thereby facilitating the passage of heat through the accumulated bulk metal material, which is advantageous for rapidly heating the block shape. It is a material.
  • the ignition point of the ignition mechanism 38 passes through the top in the direction toward the gas nozzle 30B at the time of installation.
  • the wall 37B extends and the ignition point is at least one.
  • the heating device 3 may further include: a flame shield 35 disposed at the bottom of the body 39 of the heating device 3.
  • the fire shield 35 may be disposed below the inner side wall surface 37A, preferably closer to the lower inner side of the inner side wall surface 37A.
  • the setting of the fire shield 35 can control the distribution of the flame during the combustion of the gas, and is conducive to the convergence of the combustion energy after the ignition of the gas.
  • the flame not only makes it easier to heat the bulk metal filler, but also improves the heating efficiency and saves energy.
  • the heating device 3 may further include: a smoke guiding device 33 disposed on the exhaust path Above, used to forcibly guide the smoke exhaust.
  • the smoking device 33 can be placed downstream of the heat exchange mechanism 34 and upstream of the chimney 32A on the exhaust path.
  • the can lid 4 can be separately assembled with the can body 1, when the can body wall 10 is composed of two curved curved surfaces having inclined angles in the vertical direction and having different curvatures in the same horizontal cross section, the can lid can be A can lid wall 40 for sealing assembly with the can body 1 is included, the can lid wall 40 being constructed of two curved curved surfaces having different curvatures in the same horizontal cross section.
  • the can lid wall 40 like the can body wall 10 of the can body 1, is composed of two curved curved surfaces having different curvatures, as shown in FIG.
  • the can lid wall 40 includes a first can lid wall portion 40A and a second can lid wall portion 40B, the first can lid wall portion 40A having a curvature greater than that of the second can lid wall portion 40B, and in the can lid 4 and the can
  • the first can lid wall portion 40A and the second can lid wall portion 40B are fitted to the top of the can body 1 when the body 1 is attached.
  • the two curved curved surfaces of the can lid wall 40 may not have or may have an oblique angle in the vertical direction.
  • the wall of the can lid is composed of two curved curved surfaces with different curvatures, which is favorable for the stable transportation of the forklift and is favorable for the uniform thermal expansion deformation of the can lid wall, thereby keeping the shape of the can lid wall stable by heat energy.
  • the can lid 4 in order to lift the can lid 4, the can lid 4 further comprises: a can lid hanger
  • can lid ears 42A, 42B placed on the top of the can lid 4, as shown in Figure 8.
  • the number of can lid ears 42A, 42B is not limited. Moreover, in alternative embodiments, only one of the can lid ears 42A, 42B may be selected.
  • the heating device 3 is sealed with the can body 1 by being disposed at This is achieved by a mating engagement between the ring seal insert 36 at the bottom of the heating device 3 and the sand seal groove 16 provided at the can 13 of the can body 1.
  • the can lid 4 can include the same components as the ring seal insert 36 of the heating device 3.
  • the sealing assembly of the can lid 4 with the can body 1 is achieved by a plug fit between the ring seal insert plate provided at the bottom of the can lid 1 and the sand seal groove 16 provided at the can end 13 of the can body 1. . Based on the above seal, internal heat can be prevented from being dissipated from the assembled joint.
  • the upper 141 of the exhaust passage is between the two sand sealing grooves 16, which can enhance the sealing assembly of the heating device 3 and the can body 1.
  • the seal of the exhaust path is preferably used, as shown in FIG. 3, at this time, the upper 141 of the exhaust passage is between the two sand sealing grooves 16, which can enhance the sealing assembly of the heating device 3 and the can body 1. The seal of the exhaust path.
  • the same material as the block metal filler can be used, so as to avoid the influence of the sand carried by the heating device 3 or the can lid 4 on the bulk metal filler.
  • the can body 1 and the heating device 3 may be provided with a concave-convex fitting structure.
  • the can body 1 and the can lid 4 may be A bump fit structure is provided.
  • the smelting can according to the present invention may further include a bell 2 as shown in FIG.
  • the bell 2 comprises: a bell body 20 in the form of a spindle; a bell arm 22 disposed at the top of the bell body 20 for hanging in the can 1 when the bell 2 is placed in the can 1 On the mouth, as shown in FIG. 12; a bell ring 24 is disposed on the top of the bell body 20 for lifting the material clock 2.
  • the bell 2 can be controlled by a hydraulic device to adjust the up and down position as the bulk metal filler is distributed in the can body 1.
  • the arrangement of the bell can effectively control the distribution of the bulk metal filler entering the can body 1 in the can body 1, in particular, the bulk metal filler forms a concave shape in the can body 1 (see the figure). 13), it is more conducive to the flame not only easier to heat the bulk metal filler, improve the heating efficiency, save energy, and the flame is not easy to directly burn to the tank wall to reduce its life.
  • the mounting of the can body 1, the bell 2, the heating device 3, and the can lid 4 can be realized by the lifting device 5.
  • the lifting device 5 comprises: a lifting bracket 50; a bracket beam 52 movably mounted on the lifting bracket 50; and a lifting mechanism 54 connected to the bracket beam 52, capable of being opposite The beam 52 is raised and lowered; the connecting portion 56 is connected to the item to be moved (for example, the can body 1, the bell 2, the heating device 3, or the can lid 4).
  • the smelting tank according to the present invention may further include: a flow restricting member 7B disposed on the tank hook 7A for cooperating with the discharge gate 18 to control the bulk metal filler 6
  • the flow rate discharged from the can body 1 is as shown in FIG.
  • the flow restricting member 7B is of a fixed type, the end of the flow restricting member 7B closest to the discharge sealing door 18 is in a trajectory formed by the free end of the discharge sealing door 18 when it is pivotally opened about the hinge shaft 181 (see the dotted line in FIG. 17). Outside of the show).
  • the angle of the flow restrictor 7B relative to the pivoted discharge gate 18 can be adjusted, for example by an additional hydraulic control system (not shown), at which point the flow restrictor 7B
  • the positional relationship of the free end when the discharge gate 18 is pivotally opened about the hinge shaft 181 can be changed.
  • the front end of the flow restrictor 7B can be extended.
  • the discharge port 17 of the can body 1 and the discharge sealing door 18 are adjusted to adjust the flow rate of the discharged bulk metal filler 6.
  • the can body 1 is respectively assembled with the heating device 2 and the can lid 4, achieving a double effect of being both heatable and heat-insulating, and at the same time, the block-shaped metal filler 6 can be used only after being heated. Discharge, saving energy.
  • heat exchange mechanism When the flue gas flow in the exhaust path passes through the heat exchange mechanism, heat exchange with the combustion-supporting wind in the air supply path reduces the temperature of the flue gas, increases the temperature of the combustion-supporting wind, and further increases the heating of the bulk metal additive. The effect is to make the most of energy.
  • the temperature of the flue gas is indirectly cooled by the tank body, thereby realizing the ability of the furnace body without the refractory material to protect the steel structure from high temperature, and also reducing the volume of the tank body. Increased efficiency and saved resources.
  • the operation process of the smelting can comprises the steps of: feeding a bulk metal filler into the can body 1; mounting the heating device 3 to the can body 1; starting the heating device 3, adding the bulk metal filler 6 Heating to a predetermined temperature; removing the heating device 3 from the can body 1; mounting the can lid 4 to the can body 1; transporting the can body 1 with the can lid 4 to a designated working position; The bulk metal filler in the can body 1 is discharged; after the block metal filler in the can body 1 is discharged by a predetermined amount or emptied, the can body 1 is closed and the can body 1 is removed.
  • the bell 2 is used to realize the cloth of the bulk metal filler in the can body 1.
  • the lowering device 5 lifts the material clock 2 to the upper side of the tank body 1 and lowers the material discharge clock 2; as shown in Fig. 12, the material clock 2 is hung on the tank opening 13 of the tank body 1 through the bell arm 22;
  • a bulk metal filler is added to the can body 1, and the cloth of the bulk metal filler in the can body 1 is controlled by the bell 2 to form a bulk metal filler recess 62.
  • the bell 2 is lifted out of the can body 1 by the lifting device 5.
  • the heating device 3 is attached to the can body 1 by the lifting device 5.
  • the ring seal insert 36 of the heating device 3 cooperates with the sand seal groove 16 of the can body 1 to achieve a sealed connection between the heating device 3 and the can body 1.
  • the step of starting the heating device 3 to heat the bulk metal filler 6 to a predetermined temperature injecting gas through the gas pipe 30A, and starting the fan 31A, the blown air sent from the fan 31A passes through the air passage 31B, The gas pipe inlet 30C enters the gas nozzle 30B to be mixed with the gas, and the mixed gas of the wind and the gas is injected to the ignition mechanism 38 via the gas nozzle 30B; the ignition mechanism 38 is activated, the ignition mechanism 38 ignites the injected gas, and the ignited gas is received inside.
  • the enclosure limitation of the wall surface 37A and the top wall 37B and the restraint of the fire shield 35 concentrate heat toward the bulk metal filler 6 (especially the bulk metal addition recess 62), and the ignited gas will be in the cavity 11.
  • the bulk metal filler 6 is heated to a predetermined temperature, the predetermined temperature is lower than the melting point of the bulk metal filler 6; the flue gas generated during the combustion of the gas is directed to the exhaust passage via the exhaust passage 143 of the exhaust passage 14
  • the port 141 flows into the heat exchange tube 34, and the flue gas in the heat exchange tube 34 exchanges heat with the combustion-supporting wind in the air passage 31B, thereby lowering the temperature of the flue gas and the temperature of the combustion air.
  • the flue gas after the heat exchange enters the flue 32B, and finally is discharged to the outside through the chimney 32A, wherein the smoke guiding device 33 can be activated at the same time, and the bowing device 33 sucks and discharges into the heat exchange tube 34.
  • the chimney 32A After the ignited gas heats the bulk metal filler 6 to a temperature lower than the melting point of the bulk metal filler 6, the gas injection is stopped, the fan 31A is stopped, and the smoke guiding device 33 is stopped.
  • the lifting device 5 as shown in Fig. 14 is still used.
  • the can lid 4 is attached to the can body 1 by the lifting device 5, and the can body 1 to which the can lid 4 is attached is shown in Fig. 16.
  • the ring seal insert of the can lid 4 is combined with the sand seal groove 16 of the can body 1 to form a seal.
  • the forklift arm 91 of the forklift 9 is inserted into the can body 1.
  • the insertion space 185 is such that the discharge shutter 18 of the can body 1 rests on the forklift arm 91 while at the same time causing the second can wall portion 103 of the can body 1 (i.e., the curved portion of the large curvature) to be near the forklift driver's position.
  • the forklift 1 is driven to transport the can 1 with the can lid 4 to the designated working position.
  • the can holder hook 7A is hooked to the can holder shoulder 19, and the forklift arm 91 of the forklift 9 is carried out.
  • the material sealing door 18 is lowered, so that the discharge sealing door 18 is pivotally opened around the hinge shaft 181 to discharge the block metal filler in the can body 1 before the main metal liquid tank F1 injects its liquid into the mixing tank F2. Or after (preferably simultaneously), the discharged bulk metal filler flows into the mixing tank F2 via the hopper 8A and the feeding pipe 8B.
  • the degree of lowering of the forklift arm 91 can control the extent to which the discharge gate 18 pivots around the hinge shaft 181, thereby controlling the flow rate of the bulk metal filler discharge.
  • the flow restricting member 7B provided on the tank hook 7A cooperates with the discharge gate 18 to control the flow rate of the bulk metal filler 6 discharged from the tank 1.
  • the can holder hook 7A is held to hook the can holder 19, the forklift arm of the forklift 9 91 lifts the discharge door 18 up so that the discharge door 18 pivots closed about the hinge shaft 181, and then the can holder hook 7A is disengaged from the can holder shoulder 19, after which the forklift 9 is activated to carry the can body 1 away.

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Abstract

一种冶炼用罐，包括罐体（1）、能够与罐体（1）密封装配的加热装置（3）和罐盖（4）。罐体（1）包括罐体壁（10）、用于容纳块状金属添料（6）的腔体（11）、形成于罐体壁（10）的排烟通道（14）、形成于罐体（1）底部的出料口（17）、枢转地设置于罐体（1）底部的出料封门（18）。加热装置（3）包括本体（39）、燃气供给机构、供风机构、点火机构（38）、以及换热机构（34）。

Description

冶炼用耀 技术领域
本发明涉及冶金工业设备， 尤其涉及一种冶炼用罐。 背景技术
金属冶炼的过程， 一般总是要加入一些合金或某些金属 （在此统称为块 状金属添料） 。 来达到预定的成分要求。 而且必须严格控制含氢量， 因此块 状金属添加料必须采用加热的办法去除其含氢量， 而且同时也希望块状金属 添加料带有尽可能多的热量加入冶炼的金属之中， 以减少因块状金属添料的 吸热量过多造成所冶炼金属大幅度的温降。 目前的现有技术普遍采用烘烤炉 来烘烤块状金属添料， 其缺点是用烘烤炉烘烤的块状金属添料温度虽然很 高， 但块状金属添料在出炉后到使用前在冷的运输工具上滞留期间温度降的 很快， 热量损失大， 往往从出炉到用的时候， 温度已降低一半， 个别情况温 度的降低量比出炉时温度一半还多。 显而易见合金蓄热量降低一半， 热能就 浪费一半恰似， 事倍功半。 金属冶炼大规模工业化生产过百年， 事倍功半的 能源烘烤浪费了百年， 目前面对能源短缺， 急需有一种新颖的烘烤装置来节 约浪费掉的那一半能源。 发明内容
鉴于现有技术中存在的问题， 本发明的一个目的在于提供一种冶炼用 罐， 其能节约能源。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种冶炼用罐， 其能便于运送。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种冶炼用罐， 其能有效加热块状金属添 料。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种冶炼用罐， 其能有效控制块状金属添料 的排出。
为了实现本发明的上述目的， 本发明提供了一种冶炼用罐， 包括罐体、 能够单独与罐体密封装配的加热装置、 以及能够单独与罐体密封装配的罐 盖。 其中， 罐体包括： 罐体壁， 内形成有用于容纳块状金属添料的腔体； 排 烟通道， 形成于罐体壁内侧； 出料口， 形成于罐体的底部； 出料封门， 枢转 地设置于罐体的底部， 用于打开 /关闭出料口。 其中加热装置包括： 本体， 形 成有供风通道； 燃气供给机构， 设置于本体， 向加热装置与罐体密封装配时 形成的空间内提供燃气； 供风机构， 设置于本体， 连接于供风通道， 提供助 燃的风并与供风通道形成供风路径， 以将助燃的风经由供风路径供给到加热 装置与罐体密封装配时形成的所述空间内； 点火机构， 设置于本体， 将燃气 点燃来产生热量和烟气， 以将所述块状金属添料加热至低于所述块状金属添 料熔点的规定温度； 以及换热机构， 设置于供风通道， 在加热装置与罐体密 封装配时换热机构与罐体的排烟通道连通形成排烟路径， 所述排烟路径与所 述供风路径隔离， 排烟路径中的烟气流经换热机构时与供风路径中的助燃的 风进行换热。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 罐体壁由两个沿竖直方向有 倾斜角的且在同一水平横截面上具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成； 罐盖包括用 于与罐体密封装配的罐盖壁， 罐盖壁由两个在同一水平横截面上具有不同曲 率的弧形曲面构成。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 罐体还包括： 保温层， 设置 于罐体壁的外表面。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 罐体还包括： 罐托肩， 设置 于罐体壁上且位于出料封门之上； 所述冶炼用罐还包括： 罐托钩， 固定于支 架且能够相对支架移动， 罐托钩能够勾住罐托肩， 以支撑并保持罐体。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 所述冶炼用罐还包括： 流量 限流件， 设置于罐托钩上， 用于与出料封门配合来控制块状金属添料从罐体 中排出的流量。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 在出料封门的底部设置有托 放肩， 托放肩用于将罐体支撑于工作台面上且在出料封门的下部形成供叉车 臂插入来搬运罐体的叉车臂插入空间。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 加热装置的本体的面向罐体 的腔体的内侧壁表面和顶壁为弧形， 且内侧壁表面和顶壁包围形成面向罐体 的方向渐缩的腔。 优选地， 所述内侧壁表面由两个在同一水平横截面上具有 不同曲率的弧形曲面构成， 且所述燃气供给机构包括两个燃气出口， 所述两 个燃气出口对向错开地分别处于所述内侧壁表面的不同曲率的弧形曲面处。 更优选地， 所述两个燃气出口的方向贴着相应弧形曲面， 以使喷出的燃气贴 着相应弧形曲面而行。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 加热装置还包括： 挡火板， 设置于加热装置的底部。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中， 优选地， 加热装置与罐体密封装配是 通过设置在加热装置的底部的环密封插板和设置在罐体的罐口处的沙封槽 之间的插接配合来实现的； 罐盖与罐体密封装配是通过设置在罐盖的底部的 环密封插板和设置在罐体的罐口处的沙封槽之间的插接配合来实现的。更优 选地， 沙封槽内容置的沙子为与块状金属添料同材质的沙子。
在根据本发明所述的冶炼用罐中，优选地，所述冶炼用罐还包括：料钟， 能够附接于罐体上， 用于在往罐体中布置所述块状金属添料时控制块状金属 添料在罐体中的分布， 以使得块状金属添料在罐体内形成凹形。
本发明的有益效果如下。
冶炼用罐中的罐体分别与加热装置和罐盖装配， 实现了既可加热又可保 温的双重效果， 同时加热后块状金属添料在使用时才可出料， 节约了能源。
排烟路径中的烟气流经换热机构时与供风路径中的助燃的风进行换热， 降低了烟气的温度， 提高了助燃的风的温度并进而提高了块状金属添料加热 的效果， 充分利用了能源。
相比现有技术中耐火材料保护钢结构的炉体， 烟气温度的降低间接地冷 却了罐体， 实现了没有耐火材料保护钢结构的炉体承受高温的能力， 同时也 减小罐体体积增加了效率， 节约了资源。
罐体壁及罐盖壁由两个不同曲率的弧形曲面构成， 有利于叉车运送稳 定， 有利于罐体壁及罐盖壁的热膨胀变形均匀， 从而保持罐体壁及罐盖壁的 形状受热能保持稳定。
罐托肩和罐托钩的设置， 有利于打开罐体的出料封门时保持罐体。
保温层的设置有利于减少罐体向外辐射的热， 间接地提高了罐体中的块 状金属添料加热效率， 节约了能源。
流量限流件的设置便于与出料封门配合来控制金属块状料从罐体中排 出的流量。 托放肩的设置有利于叉车运送罐体或者安装有罐盖的罐体。 加热装置的本体的面向所述罐体的腔体的内侧壁表面和顶壁呈弧形且 包围形成面向罐体的方向渐缩的腔， 有利于燃气点燃之后的燃烧能量汇聚， 火焰不仅更容易把块状金属添料加热， 提高了加热效率， 节约了能源。 内侧 壁表面由两个在同一水平横截面上具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成， 且燃气供 给机构包括两个燃气出口， 所述两个燃气出口对向错开地分别处于所述内侧 壁表面的不同曲率的弧形曲面处， 有利于形成涡旋， 提高加热效率； 当燃气 喷嘴的燃气出口贴着对应的弧形曲面设置时， 进一步有利于热流通过堆积的 块状金属料， 有利于快速加热块状金属料。
挡火板的设置， 可控制燃气燃烧时的火焰的分布， 有利于燃气点燃之后 的燃烧能量汇聚， 火焰不仅更容易把块状金属添料加热， 提高了加热效率， 节约了能源。
加热装置的底部的环密封插板和罐体的罐口处的沙封槽之间的插接配 合可实现加热装置与罐体的密封装配， 罐盖的底部的环密封插板和罐体的罐 口处的沙封槽之间的插接配合可实现罐盖与罐体的密封装配， 从而避免内部 热量从装配的结合部处散失。 沙封槽内容置的沙子采用与块状金属添料同材 质的沙子， 避免吊装加热装置或罐盖时携带出的沙子对块状金属添料的影 响。
料钟的提供可有效控制块状金属添料在罐体中的分布， 尤其是块状金属 添料在罐体内形成凹形时， 火焰不仅更容易把块状金属添料加热， 提高了加 热效率， 节约了能源， 此外火焰也不易直接烧到罐体壁降低其寿命。 附图说明
图 1是根据本发明的罐体的正视图；
图 2是图 1的左视图；
图 3是图 2的剖视图；
图 4是罐体的罐体壁水平剖面图；
图 5是根据本发明的料钟的平面示意图；
图 6是根据本发明的加热装置的平面示意图；
图 7是图 6的剖视图； 图 8是根据本发明的罐盖的正视图；
图 9是图 8的俯视图；
图 10是根据本发明的升降装置的平面结构示意图；
图 11是根据本发明的通过升降装置将料钟安放到罐体前的示意图； 图 12是根据本发明的料钟安放到罐体上的示意图；
图 13 是根据本发明的利用料钟控制块状金属添料加入到罐体之后的状 态示意图；
图 14是根据本发明的块状金属添料完成罐体中的布料之后将加热装置 安装到罐体上的示意图， 其中升降装置可同时吊起有罐盖；
图 15 是根据本发明的将加热装置安装到罐体上之后对罐体内的块状金 属添料进行烘烤的示意图；
图 16是根据本发明的在罐体内的块状金属添料烘烤完毕并将加热装置 调离之后通过升降装置将罐盖安装到罐体上后的示意图；
图 17 是根据本发明的利用叉车运送带有罐盖的罐体并将打开罐体的结 构示意图；
图 18是利用根据本发明的罐体进行块状金属添料添加过程的示意图； 其中， 附图标记说明如下-
1罐体 10罐体壁 101第一罐体壁部 103第二罐体壁部
11腔体 12 保温层 13罐口 14排烟通道
141 排烟通道上口 143 排烟通道下口 16沙封槽 17出料口
18出料封门 181 铰接轴 183出料封门支撑部 185叉车臂插入空间 19罐托肩 2 料钟 20料钟本体 22 料钟挂臂
24料钟吊环 3 加热装置 30A燃气管 30B 燃气喷嘴
30C燃气管进风口 31A风机 31B 风道 32A烟囱
32B烟道 33引烟装置 34 换热管 35 挡火板
36环密封插板 37A 内侧壁表面 37B 顶壁 38 点火机构 39本体 4 罐盖 40 罐盖壁 40A第一罐盖壁部
40B第二罐盖壁部 42A罐盖吊耳 42B罐盖吊耳 5升降装置 50升降支架 52 支架横梁 54 升降机构 56连接部
6 块状金属添料 62块状金属添料凹部 7A罐托钩 7B流量限流件 8A料斗 8B投料管 9叉车 91 叉车臂
F1 主金属液罐 F2 混液罐 具体实施方式
参照图 1-18来说明根据本发明的冶炼用罐。
根据本发明的冶炼用罐包括罐体 1、 能够单独与罐体 1密封装配的加热 装置 3、 以及能够单独与罐体密封装配的罐盖 4。
首先说明罐体 1。
如图 1-4和图 13所示， 罐体 1包括： 罐体壁 10, 内形成有用于容纳块 状金属添料 6的腔体 11 ; 排烟通道 14， 形成于罐体壁 10内侧； 出料口 17， 形成于罐体 1的底部； 出料封门 18， 枢转地设置于罐体 1的底部， 用于打开 /关闭出料口 17。
在罐体 1的一个实施例中， 为了使采用叉车运送罐体 1或带有罐盖 4的 罐体 1时更稳定， 罐体壁 10可为弧形曲面。 优选地， 罐体壁 10由两个沿竖 直方向有倾斜角的且在同一水平横截面上具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成。 具 体地， 如图 4所示， 罐体壁 10由第一罐体壁部 101和第二罐体壁部 103构 成， 第一罐体壁部 101和第二罐体壁部 103在水平横截面上为两个不同曲率 的弧形曲面。 其中， 第一罐体壁部 101具有的曲率小于第二罐体壁部 103具 有的曲率。 罐体壁 10沿竖直方向倾斜角， 换句话说， 具有不同曲率弧形曲 面的第一罐体壁部 101和第二罐体壁部 103的各自半径为沿竖直方向变化， 如图 1-3中的罐体 1的外表面在竖直方向上的变化。 在采用叉车 9运送带有 罐盖 4的罐体 1 (参照图 17和图 18) 的过程中， 使得大曲率部分 （在本发 明中为第二罐体壁部 103 ) 处于靠近叉车驾驶员方向， 从而使得罐体 1的重 心靠近叉车驾驶员， 保持罐体 1在叉车臂 91上的稳定性。 在一个替代实施 例中， 第一罐体壁部 101为围绕第一罐体壁部 101的圆心的四分之一圆周， 第二罐体壁部 103为围绕第二罐体壁部 103的圆心的二分之一圆周。 此外， 罐体壁 10由两个不同曲率的弧形曲面构成， 有利于罐体壁 10的热膨胀变形 均匀， 从而保持罐体壁 10的形状受热能保持稳定。
在罐体 1中， 如图 3所示， 排烟通道 14具有位于罐体壁 10顶部的排烟 通道上口 141和位于罐体壁 10底部的排烟通道下口 143。 在替代实施例中， 排烟通道上口 141和排烟通道下口 143的位置可以颠倒。
在罐体 1的一个实施例中， 罐体 1还可包括： 保温层 12， 设置于罐体壁 10的外表面。 保温层 12的设置有利于减少罐体 1向外辐射的热， 间接地提 高了罐体 1中的块状金属添料 6 (参见图 13 ) 的加热效率， 节约了能源。
在罐体 1的一个实施例中， 出料封门 18经由铰接轴 181枢转地设置于 罐体 1的底部。
在罐体 1的一个实施例中， 为了便于打开罐体 1的出料封门 18时保持 罐体 1， 罐体 1还可包括： 罐托肩 19， 设置于罐体壁 10上且位于出料封门 18之上。 相应地， 如图 17和图 18所示， 根据本发明的冶炼用罐还可包括： 罐托钩 7A， 固定于支架（未示出）且能够相对所述支架移动， 罐托钩 7A能 够勾住罐托肩 19， 以支撑并保持罐体 1。
在罐体 1的一个实施例中， 如图 1和图 17-18所示， 为了便于采用叉车 运送罐体 1或带有罐盖 4的罐体 1 ,在出料封门 18的底部设置有托放肩 183， 托放肩 183用于将罐体 1支撑于工作台面 （未示出） 上且在出料封门 18的 下部形成供叉车臂 91插入来搬运罐体 1的叉车臂插入空间 185。
其次说明加热装置 3。
如图 6-7和图 13所示， 加热装置 3包括： 本体 39， 形成有供风通道； 燃气供给机构 30， 设置于本体 39上， 且燃气供给机构连通于供风通道， 向 加热装置 3与罐体 1密封装配时形成的空间内提供燃气； 供风机构 31， 连接 于供风通道， 设置于本体 39上，提供助燃的风并与供风通道形成供风路径， 以将助燃的风给燃气供给机构 30， 助燃风的经由风给燃气供给机构 30供给 到加热装置 4与罐体 1密封装配时形成的所述空间内； 点火机构 38， 设置于 本体 39上， 将燃气点燃来产生热量和烟气， 以将块状金属添料 6加热至低 于块状金属添料 6熔点的规定温度； 以及换热机构 34, 设置于供风通道， 在 加热装置 3与罐体 1密封装配时换热机构 34与罐体 1的排烟通道 14连通形 成排烟路径， 所述排烟路径与所述供风路径隔离， 排烟路径中的烟气流经换 热机构时与供风路径中的助燃的风进行换热。
在加热装置 3的一个实施例中， 供风机构 31包括： 风机 31A， 提供助 燃空气； 风道 31B， 与风机 31A的风口气体连通。 其中， 风机 31A的风口、 风道 31B、 燃气管进风口 30C、 燃气管 30A形成供风路径。 在加热装置 3的一个实施例中， 燃气供给机构 30包括： 燃气管 30A， 提供燃气； 燃气喷嘴 30B, 设置于供风路径上且连接于燃气管 30A; 以及燃 气管进风口 30C, 设置于燃气喷嘴 30B上且与风道 31B气体连通。在一个实 施例中， 燃气喷嘴 30B 的数量可以不止一个。 在优选实施例中， 燃气喷嘴 30B可采用两个且对向错幵布置， 由此喷出的燃气会形成涡旋， 同时相对排 烟路径的气体压力增大， 从而燃烧热量通过堆积的块状金属料， 有利于快速 加热块状金属料。
在替代实施例中， 供风机构 31可以将助燃的风经由风道 31B直接供给 到加热装置 4与罐体 1密封装配时形成的所述空间内。 此时， 燃气供给机构 30就无需燃气管进风口 30C， 风机 31A的风口、 和风道 31B将形成供风路 径。
在加热装置 3的一个实施例中， 换热机构 34为换热管。
在加热装置 3的一个实施例中， 如图 7所示， 为了使从燃气喷嘴 30B喷 出的燃气在被点火机构 38点燃之后的燃烧能量汇聚， 加热装置 3的本体 39 的面向罐体 1的腔体 11的内侧壁表面 37A和顶壁 37B优选为弧形，且内侧 壁表面 37A和顶壁 37B包围形成面向罐体 1的方向渐缩的腔。采用这种结构， 有利于燃气点燃之后的燃烧能量汇聚， 火焰更容易把块状金属添料加热， 提 高了加热效率， 节约了能源。
此外， 当罐体壁 10 由两个沿竖直方向有倾斜角的且在同一水平横截面 上具有两个不同曲率的弧形曲面构成时， 因加热装置 4与罐体 1密封装配， 加热装置 4的本体 39除了在加热装置 4与罐体 1密封装配处的部位会呈现 对应两个不同曲率的弧形结构外， 本体 39的面向罐体 1的腔体 11的内侧壁 表面 37A 也可以采用同一水平横截面上具有两个不同曲率的弧形曲面， 此 时，燃气喷嘴 30B可采用两个且对向错开布置，且两个燃气喷嘴 30B可以对 应地分别设置于两个不同曲率的弧形结构上，更优选燃气喷嘴 30B的燃气出 口贴着对应的弧形曲面， 以使喷出的以及燃烧的燃气会贴着内侧壁表面 37A 的弧线曲面形成涡旋， 同时在加热块状金属料时燃烧形成的热流受到供风路 径抽吸， 形成飓风形状热流， 从而有利于热量通过堆积的块状金属料， 有利 于快速加热块状金属料。
此时， 点火机构 38的点火点在安装时沿向燃气喷嘴 30B的方向穿过顶 壁 37B而伸出， 且点火点为至少一个。
在加热装置 3的一个实施例中， 如图 7所示， 加热装置 3还可包括： 挡 火板 35， 设置于加热装置 3的本体 39的底部。 当内侧壁表面 37A和顶壁 37B包围形成面向罐体 1的方向渐縮的腔时， 挡火板 35可设置在内侧壁表 面 37A的下方， 优选更靠近内侧壁表面 37A的下方内边缘。 挡火板 35的设 置，可控制燃气燃烧时的火焰的分布，有利于燃气点燃之后的燃烧能量汇聚， 火焰不仅更容易把块状金属添料加热， 提高了加热效率， 节约了能源。
在加热装置 3的一个实施例中， 如图 7所示， 为了强制地将燃气燃烧时 形成的烟气经由排烟路径排出， 加热装置 3还可包括： 引烟装置 33， 设置于 排烟路径上， 用于强制性地引导烟气排出。 优选地， 引烟装置 33可在排烟 路径上置于换热机构 34的下游且处于烟囱 32A的上游。
随后， 说明根据本发明的罐盖 4。
如图 8-9所示， 示出罐盖 4。
因为罐盖 4能够单独与罐体 1密封装配， 所以当罐体壁 10由两个沿竖 直方向有倾斜角的且在同一水平横截面上具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成时， 罐盖可包括用于与罐体 1密封装配的罐盖壁 40， 罐盖壁 40由两个在同一水 平横截面上具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成。具体地，罐盖壁 40也如同罐体 1 的罐体壁 10—样， 由两个具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成， 如图 9所示。 罐 盖壁 40包括第一罐盖壁部 40A和第二罐盖壁部 40B， 第一罐盖壁部 40A具 有的曲率大于第二罐盖壁部 40B具有的曲率，且在罐盖 4和罐体 1安装连接 时第一罐盖壁部 40A以及第二罐盖壁部 40B与罐体 1的顶部相适应配合。此 时， 罐盖壁 40的两个弧形曲面可以不必或可以沿竖直方向有倾斜角。 罐盖 壁由两个不同曲率的弧形曲面构成， 有利于叉车运送稳定， 有利于罐盖壁的 热膨胀变形均匀， 从而保持罐盖壁的形状受热能保持稳定。
在根据本发明的罐盖 4中， 为了吊运罐盖 4， 罐盖 4还包括： 罐盖吊耳
42A、 42B, 设置于罐盖 4的顶部， 如图 8所示。罐盖吊耳 42A、 42B的数量 不受限制。 此外， 在替代实施例中， 可以仅选择罐盖吊耳 42A、 42B的其中 之一。
接下来， 说明罐体 1分别与加热装置 3和罐盖 4装配时的密封。
如图 3图 7和图 15所示， 加热装置 3与罐体 1密封装配是通过设置在 加热装置 3底部的环密封插板 36和设置在罐体 1的罐口 13处的沙封槽 16 之间的插接配合来实现的。 同样地， 罐盖 4可包括与加热装置 3的环密封插 板 36相同的部件。 此时， 罐盖 4与罐体 1密封装配是通过设置在罐盖 1底 部的环密封插板和设置在罐体 1的罐口 13处的沙封槽 16之间的插接配合来 实现的。 基于上述的密封， 可以避免内部热量从装配的结合部处散失。
对于沙封槽 16的数量， 优选采用两个， 如图 3所示， 此时排烟通道上 口 141处于两个沙封槽 16之间， 可增强加热装置 3与罐体 1密封装配时对 排烟路径的密封。
对于沙封槽 16 内的沙子， 可以采用与块状金属添料相同的材质， 这样 可以避免吊装加热装置 3或罐盖 4时携带出的沙子对块状金属添料的影响。 当然，为了实现罐体 1分别与加热装置 3和罐盖 4装配时的密封，可替代地， 罐体 1和加热装置 3可设置有凹凸配合结构， 同样地， 罐体 1和罐盖 4可设 置有凹凸配合结构。
此外， 在一个实施例中， 根据本发明的冶炼用罐还可包括料钟 2, 如图 5所示。料钟 2包括： 料钟本体 20， 呈纺锤形； 料钟挂臂 22， 设置于料钟本 体 20的顶部， 用于在料钟 2放入到罐体 1中时挂在罐体 1的罐口上， 如图 12所示； 料钟吊环 24， 设置于料钟本体 20的顶部， 用于吊运料钟 2。 料钟 2可以通过液压装置来控制， 以随着块状金属添料在罐体 1的分布而进行上 下位置调整。
在本发明中， 料钟的设置可有效控制进入到罐体 1中的块状金属添料在 罐体 1中的分布，尤其是块状金属添料在罐体 1内形成凹形（参见图 13 )时， 更有利于火焰不仅更容易把块状金属添料加热， 提高了加热效率， 节约了能 源， 此外火焰也不易直接烧到罐体壁降低其寿命。
此外， 在本发明中， 可采用升降装置 5实现对于罐体 1、 料钟 2、 加热 装置 3、 以及罐盖 4的安装。
在升降装置 5的一个实施例中， 如图 10所示， 升降装置 5包括： 升降 支架 50; 支架横梁 52， 活动地安装于升降支架 50上； 升降机构 54， 连接于 支架横梁 52， 能够相对横梁 52升降； 连接部 56， 连接于待移动的物品 （例 如罐体 1、 料钟 2、 加热装置 3、 或罐盖 4) 。
此外， 为了控制通过罐体 1的出料口 17的出料速度， 在一个实施例中， 如图 17和图 18所示， 根据本发明的冶炼用罐还可包括： 流量限流件 7B， 设置于罐托钩 7A上，用于与出料封门 18配合来控制块状金属添料 6从罐体 1中排出的流量， 如图 17所示。 当流量限流件 7B为固定式时， 流量限流件 7B的最接近出料封门 18的端部处于出料封门 18围绕铰接轴 181枢转打开 时的自由端形成的轨迹 （如图 17虚线所示） 之外。 在一个替代实施例中， 流量限流件 7B相对枢转后的出料封门 18的角度可以调整，例如通过另外设 置的液压控制系统 （未示出） 来进行调整， 此时流量限流件 7B相对出料封 门 18围绕铰接轴 181枢转打开时的自由端的位置关系可以变化， 例如可以 在打开出料封门 18围绕铰接轴 181枢转打开时，流量限流件 7B的前端就可 以伸入到罐体 1的出料口 17和出料封门 18之间， 从而对排放出的块状金属 添料 6进行流量调整。
在根据本发明的冶炼用罐中， 罐体 1分别与加热装置 2和罐盖 4装配， 实现了既可加热又可保温的双重效果， 同时加热后块状金属添料 6在使用时 才可出料， 节约了能源。
排烟路径中的烟气流经换热机构时与供风路径中的助燃的风进行换热， 降低了烟气的温度， 提高了助燃的风的温度并进而提高了块状金属添料加热 的效果， 充分利用了能源。
相比现有技术中耐火材料保护钢结构的炉体， 烟气温度的降低间接地冷 却了罐体， 实现了没有耐火材料保护钢结构的炉体承受高温的能力， 同时也 减小罐体体积增加了效率， 节约了资源。
接下来，参照图 1-18来说明根据本发明的冶炼用罐的操作过程，在说明 过程中， 冶炼用罐采用图 1-18中给出的各个组成构件。
根据本发明的冶炼用罐的操作过程包括步骤： 将块状金属添料供入到罐 体 1中； 将加热装置 3安装到罐体 1上； 启动加热装置 3， 将块状金属添料 6加热到预定温度； 将加热装置 3从罐体 1上移除； 将罐盖 4安装到罐体 1 上； 将带有罐盖 4的罐体 1运送至指定工作位； 在指定工作位， 将罐体 1中 的块状金属添料排出； 将罐体 1中的块状金属添料排出预定量或排空之后， 关闭罐体 1并运走罐体 1。
如图 11-13所示，在将块状金属添料供入到罐体 1中的步骤中，优选地， 采用料钟 2来实现块状金属添料在罐体 1中的布料。 如图 11所示， 通过升 降装置 5将料钟 2吊运至罐体 1上方并下降安放料钟 2; 如图 12所示， 料钟 2通过料钟挂臂 22而挂在罐体 1的罐口 13上； 如图 13所示， 将块状金属添 料加入到罐体 1中， 通过料钟 2来控制块状金属添料在罐体 1中的布料， 以 形成块状金属添料凹部 62。块状金属添料在罐体 1中的布料完成之后，通过 升降装置 5将料钟 2吊运出罐体 1。
如图 14和图 15所示， 将加热装置 3安装到罐体 1上的步骤中， 通过升 降装置 5将加热装置 3安装到罐体 1上。 在加热装置 3安装到罐体 1上时， 加热装置 3的环密封插板 36与罐体 1的沙封槽 16配合， 以实现加热装置 3 和罐体 1之间的密封连接。
如图 15所示， 在启动加热装置 3将块状金属添料 6加热到预定温度的 步骤中： 通过燃气管 30A注入燃气， 并启动风机 31A, 风机 31A送出的助 燃的风经由风道 31B、 燃气管进风口 30C进入燃气喷嘴 30B而与燃气混合， 风和燃气的混合气体经由燃气喷嘴 30B喷射向点火机构 38; 启动点火机构 38， 点火机构 38将喷射出的燃气点燃， 点燃的燃气受到内侧壁表面 37A和 顶壁 37B的包围限制以及挡火板 35的约束而使热量向块状金属添料 6 (尤 其是块状金属添料凹部 62) 处集中， 点燃的燃气将在腔体 11中的块状金属 添料 6加热到预定温度， 预定温度低于块状金属添料 6的熔点； 燃气燃烧过 程中产生的烟气经由排烟通道 14的排烟通道下口 143 向排烟通道上口 141 流动进入到换热管 34，换热管 34中的烟气与风道 31B 中的助燃的风进行换 热， 从而使烟气温度降低而助燃风的温度提高， 换热后的烟气进入烟道 32B 中， 最后经由烟囱 32A排出到外界， 其中可同时启动引烟装置 33， 弓 i烟装 置 33对进入到换热管 34进行抽吸并将其排出到烟囱 32A中；当点燃的燃气 将块状金属添料 6加热到低于块状金属添料 6的熔点预定温度之后， 依次停 止注入燃气、 停止风机 31A、 停止引烟装置 33。 在将加热装置 3从罐体 1上 移除的步骤中， 依然采用如图 14所示的升降装置 5。
在将加热装置 3从罐体 1上移除之后， 如图 14所示， 利用升降装置 5 将罐盖 4安装到罐体 1， 安装有罐盖 4的罐体 1如图 16所示。 其中， 罐盖 4 的环密封插板与罐体 1的沙封槽 16结合形成密封。
如图 17和图 18所示， 并结合图 1和图 4， 在将带有罐盖 4的罐体 1运 送至指定工作位的步骤中， 首先叉车 9的叉车臂 91插入到罐体 1的叉车臂 插入空间 185中， 以使得罐体 1的出料封门 18坐靠在叉车臂 91上且同时使 得罐体 1的第二罐体壁部 103 (即大曲率弧面部分） 处于靠近叉车驾驶员位 置， 然后驱动叉车 1而将带有罐盖 4的罐体 1运送至指定工作位。
如图 17和图 18所示， 在指定工作位将罐体 1中的块状金属添料排出的 步骤中， 使罐托钩 7A勾住罐托肩 19， 叉车 9的叉车臂 91托着出料封门 18 下降， 从而出料封门 18围绕铰接轴 181枢转打开， 以将罐体 1中的块状金 属添料排出， 在主金属液罐 F1向混料罐 F2注入其液体的之前、 同时或之后 (优选同时），排出的块状金属添料经由料斗 8A和投料管 8B流入到混料罐 F2中。其中， 叉车臂 91的下降程度可控制出料封门 18围绕铰接轴 181枢转 打幵的程度， 从而可控制块状金属添料排出的流量。同时， 设置于罐托钩 7A 上的流量限流件 7B上与出料封门 18配合来控制块状金属添料 6从罐体 1中 排出的流量。
在将罐体 1中的块状金属添料排出预定量或排空之后关闭罐体 1并运走 罐体 1的步骤中， 保持罐托钩 7A勾住罐托肩 19, 叉车 9的叉车臂 91托着 出料封门 18升起， 从而出料封门 18围绕铰接轴 181枢转关闭， 然后使得罐 托钩 7A与罐托肩 19脱离， 之后启动叉车 9将罐体 1运走。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 包括- 罐体， 包括：
罐体壁， 内形成有用于容纳块状金属添料的腔体；
排烟通道， 形成于罐体壁的内侧；
出料口， 形成于罐体的底部；
出料封门， 枢转地设置于罐体的底部， 用于打开 /关闭出料口； 加热装置， 能够单独与罐体密封装配， 加热装置包括：
本体， 形成有供风通道；
燃气供给机构， 设置于本体， 向加热装置与罐体密封装配时形成的 空间内提供燃气；
供风机构， 设置于本体， 连接于供风通道， 提供助燃的风并与供风 通道形成供风路径， 以将助燃的风经由供风路径供给到加热装置与罐体 密封装配时形成的所述空间内；
点火机构， 设置于本体， 将燃气点燃来产生热量和烟气， 以将所述 块状金属添料加热至低于所述块状金属添料熔点的规定温度； 以及 换热机构， 设置于供风通道， 在加热装置与罐体密封装配时换热机 构与罐体的排烟通道连通形成排烟路径， 所述排烟路径与所述供风路径 隔离， 排烟路径中的烟气流经换热机构时与供风路径中的助燃的风进行 换热； 以及
罐盖， 能够单独与罐体密封装配。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于，
罐体壁由两个沿竖直方向有倾斜角的且在同一水平横截面上具有不同 曲率的弧形曲面构成；
罐盖包括用于与罐体密封装配的罐盖壁， 罐盖壁由两个在同一水平横截 面上具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 罐体还包括： 保温 罐体还包括： 罐托肩， 设置于罐体壁上且位于出料封门之上； 所述冶炼用罐还包括： 罐托钩， 固定于支架且能够相对支架移动， 罐托 钩能够勾住罐托肩， 以支撑并保持罐体。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的冶炼用罐，其特征在于，所述冶炼用罐还包括： 流量限流件， 设置于罐托钩上， 用于与出料封门配合来控制块状金属添料从 罐体中排出的流量。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 在出料封门的底部 设置有托放肩， 托放肩用于将罐体支撑于工作台面上且在出料封门的下部形 成供叉车臂插入来搬运罐体的叉车臂插入空间。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 加热装置的内侧壁表 面和顶壁为弧形， 且内侧壁表面和顶壁包围形成面向罐体的方向渐缩的腔。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 加热装置的内侧壁表 面由两个在同一水平横截面上具有不同曲率的弧形曲面构成， 且所述燃气供 给机构包括两个燃气出口， 所述两个燃气出口对向错开地分别处于所述内侧 壁表面的不同曲率的弧形曲面处。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 所述两个燃气出口的 方向贴着相应弧形曲面， 以使喷出的燃气贴着相应弧形曲面而行。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 加热装置还包括： 挡火板， 设置于加热装置的底部。
11. 根据权利要求 1所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于，
加热装置与罐体密封装配是通过设置在加热装置的底部的环密封插板 和设置在罐体的罐口处的沙封槽之间的插接配合来实现的；
罐盖与罐体密封装配是通过设置在罐盖的底部的环密封插板和设置在 罐体的罐口处的沙封槽之间的插接配合来实现的。
12. 根据权利要求 11 所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 沙封槽内容置的 沙子为与块状金属添料同材质的沙子。
13. 根据权利要求 1所述的冶炼用罐， 其特征在于， 所述冶炼用罐还包 括： 料钟， 能够附接于罐体上， 用于在往罐体中布置所述块状金属添料时控 制块状金属添料在罐体中的分布， 以使得块状金属添料在罐体内形成凹形。
PCT/CN2011/001644 2011-09-28 2011-09-28 冶炼用罐 WO2013044410A1 (zh)

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CN114440638A (zh) * 2022-02-22 2022-05-06 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 高温物料输送装置

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JPH09227920A (ja) * 1996-02-19 1997-09-02 Nippon Steel Corp 木材を利用した鉄スクラップの加熱方法
JPH1038476A (ja) * 1996-07-19 1998-02-13 Daido Steel Co Ltd 炉頂予熱装置におけるスクラップの予熱方法
JPH10325685A (ja) * 1997-05-26 1998-12-08 Nippon Steel Corp スクラップの予熱装置およびその予熱方法
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JPS62228889A (ja) * 1986-03-28 1987-10-07 新日本製鐵株式会社 鉄鉱石予備還元設備における予熱装置
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JPH09227920A (ja) * 1996-02-19 1997-09-02 Nippon Steel Corp 木材を利用した鉄スクラップの加熱方法
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WO2023160342A1 (zh) * 2022-02-22 2023-08-31 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 高温物料输送装置

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