WO2013037315A1 - 液晶显示装置及其制作方法 - Google Patents

液晶显示装置及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013037315A1
WO2013037315A1 PCT/CN2012/081429 CN2012081429W WO2013037315A1 WO 2013037315 A1 WO2013037315 A1 WO 2013037315A1 CN 2012081429 W CN2012081429 W CN 2012081429W WO 2013037315 A1 WO2013037315 A1 WO 2013037315A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
display device
polymerizable monomer
crystal display
polymer network
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PCT/CN2012/081429
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭仁炜
陈东
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北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Priority to KR1020127031662A priority Critical patent/KR101443129B1/ko
Priority to EP12778030.2A priority patent/EP2755076B1/en
Priority to JP2014530088A priority patent/JP6279471B2/ja
Priority to US13/698,779 priority patent/US9366898B2/en
Publication of WO2013037315A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013037315A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/38—Polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G02F1/13345—Network or three-dimensional gels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13775—Polymer-stabilized liquid crystal layers

Definitions

  • Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same. Background technique
  • ADS Advanced Super Dimension Switch
  • the ADS forms a multi-dimensional electric field by the electric field generated by the edge of the slit electrode in the same plane and the electric field generated between the slit electrode layer and the plate electrode layer, so that all the directional liquid crystal molecules can be generated between the slit electrodes in the liquid crystal cell and directly above the electrode. Rotation, thereby improving the liquid crystal working efficiency and increasing the light transmission efficiency. Improvements to ADS technology for different applications include high-transmittance I-ADS technology, high aperture ratio H-ADS and high-resolution S-ADS.
  • a liquid crystal display device of the prior art includes: an upper substrate 10 and a lower substrate 20, and alignment films respectively disposed inside the upper substrate 10 and the lower substrate 20, and alignment of the inner sides of the upper substrate 10 and the lower substrate 20
  • the orientation direction of the film is the same.
  • the liquid crystal 30 is filled between the two substrates having the alignment film, and the long axis of the liquid crystal 30 is parallel to the alignment direction of the alignment film and arranged neatly between the two substrates.
  • ITO electrodes insulated from each other are sequentially disposed on the lower substrate 20.
  • the first substrate facing the upper substrate 10 is provided with a first ITO electrode 21 which is offset from each other.
  • the first ITO electrode 21 is a pixel electrode, and the plurality of pixel electrodes constitute a pixel electrode array.
  • a side of the lower substrate 20 facing away from the upper substrate 10 is provided with a second ITO electrode 22, which is a common electrode. Further, the upper substrate 10 is also provided with a color film.
  • the electric field formed by the first ITO electrode 21 and the second ITO electrode 22 is a multi-dimensional electric field, and the liquid crystal display device operating under a multi-dimensional electric field is an ADS type liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal 30 When the driving voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal 30 is oriented by the alignment film, the long axis thereof is arranged parallel to the upper and lower substrates, and all the liquid crystals are arranged neatly and orderly between the upper and lower substrates, as shown in FIG. .
  • a certain driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device through the first ITO electrode 21 and the second NMOS electrode 22, a certain electric field is formed between the upper substrate 10 and the lower substrate 20, and the liquid crystal 30 is arranged in the direction affected by the electric field.
  • the magnitude of the twist angle of the liquid crystal 30 determines the passing rate of the light from the backlight through the display device, thereby controlling the display screen of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal 30 When the driving voltage applied to the liquid crystal display device is removed, the liquid crystal 30 gradually restores the alignment direction before the driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device, and the light from the backlight cannot be emitted through the liquid crystal 30.
  • the liquid crystal 30 functions as an optical switch by energizing and de-energizing the liquid crystal display device, that is, controlling the display of the liquid crystal display device by continuously switching the driving voltage of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the conventional liquid crystal display device requires a large driving voltage at the time of startup, and the response speed of the liquid crystal is low, failing to meet the requirements of low power consumption and fast response of the liquid crystal display device.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device, including: a color filter substrate, an array substrate, and a liquid crystal composite system filled between the color filter substrate and the array substrate, wherein the liquid crystal composite system includes liquid crystal And a polymer network formed by polymerizing a liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display device, comprising: adding a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer and a photoinitiator to a liquid crystal, and avoiding light agitation to obtain a liquid crystal composite system; a system is applied between the color filter substrate and the array substrate to form a primary liquid crystal display device; and the primary liquid crystal display device is irradiated by ultraviolet light, so that the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer in the liquid crystal composite system in the primary liquid crystal display device is Polymerization was carried out by the action of a photoinitiator to form a polymer network, and a final liquid crystal display device was obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art liquid crystal display device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the macroscopic structure of a polymer network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a liquid crystal display device containing a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer according to an embodiment of the present invention. a cross-sectional view of the crystalline polymerizable monomer before polymerization;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the microstructure of a polymer network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device containing a liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer after polymerization of a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-dimensional electric field of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device to which a driving voltage is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a liquid crystal display device for reducing a driving voltage of a liquid crystal display device, reducing power consumption, and improving response speed.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal by the polymer network is used to reduce the energy consumption of the liquid crystal display device, and the response speed of the liquid crystal is improved.
  • a liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is added to a liquid crystal, and the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer and the liquid crystal have good solubility, and are easily oriented by the influence of boundary conditions. Since the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer contains a polymerizable functional group, the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer can be polymerized under ultraviolet irradiation to form a polymer network. The liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is subjected to an initial orientation and can effectively anchor the initial direction of the small molecule liquid crystal. During the energization process, the small molecule liquid crystal is deflected by the multi-dimensional electric field with the direction of the electric field.
  • the small molecule liquid crystal needs to restore the alignment of the long axis parallel to the substrate, which is affected by the polymer network.
  • the molecular liquid crystal quickly returns to the state before the energization, thereby lowering the driving voltage, reducing the energy consumption of the liquid crystal display device, and improving the response speed of the liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer itself has liquid crystallinity, and its alignment in the liquid crystal has directionality. Therefore, the polymer network after polymerization also has directionality.
  • Fig. 2 shows a polymer network in an embodiment of the invention.
  • the white arrow in Fig. 2 represents the rubbing direction of the alignment layer of the liquid crystal display device (that is, the orientation direction of the alignment layer after the treatment).
  • D It can be seen from 2 that the stripe direction of the polymer network (that is, the direction in which the polymer backbone extends in the polymer network) is substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment layer. Through the polymer network, the alignment of liquid crystals of small molecules can be anchored.
  • the directionality of the above-mentioned high molecular polymer is related to the formation process of the high molecular polymer.
  • the rubbing direction of the alignment layer induces the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, and the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules induces the arrangement of the liquid crystal polymerizable monomers, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal polymerizable monomers induces the direction in which the polymer network is arranged.
  • the plane of the liquid crystal is induced by the rubbed alignment layer such that the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is aligned parallel to the substrate.
  • the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer itself also has liquid crystallinity, so that the long axis of the polymerizable monomer is parallel to the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • a polymer network of a polymerizable monomer After polymerization in an ultraviolet ray, a polymer network of a polymerizable monomer generates a polymer network which extends along the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, i.e., the polymer network has a directionality. Therefore, the direction in which the polymer backbone extends in the polymer network is substantially the same as the direction in which the alignment layer is rubbed.
  • the direction of the polymer network is determined by the liquid crystal polymerizable monomer before polymerization, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal polymerizable monomer is determined by the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are aligned, and the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are aligned is determined by the rubbing direction.
  • the rubbing direction of the alignment film has been described above as an example. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the alignment of the alignment film can be achieved not only by rubbing, but also by UV light, nanoimprinting, and the like.
  • the means for realizing the alignment of the alignment film of the present invention is not particularly limited. Regardless of the method by which the alignment film achieves the alignment, it has a certain orientation.
  • the orientation direction of the alignment film refers to the long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules exhibited by the influence of the alignment action of the liquid crystal by the alignment film in the state where no voltage is applied.
  • the polymer backbone in the formed polymer network extends in a direction substantially parallel to the orientation of the alignment film.
  • the photoinitiator and the liquid crystal polymerizable monomer are uniformly mixed in the liquid crystal at a certain ratio to form a liquid crystal composite system.
  • the liquid crystal composite system is applied (e.g., dropped) between the color filter substrate and the array substrate.
  • the liquid crystal display device at this time includes: a color filter substrate 60, a pixel electrode 71, an insulating layer 70, and a common electrode 72.
  • An alignment film is further disposed on the pixel electrode 71, and a glass substrate is further disposed under the common electrode 72.
  • the common electrode, the insulating layer, the pixel electrode, and the glass substrate constitute an array substrate.
  • the color film substrate in the color film substrate
  • the material of the pixel electrode 71 and the common electrode 72 may be ITO, but may be other transparent conductive materials.
  • the pixel electrode 71 is formed of a plurality of strip electrodes and has a slit-like opening between the plurality of strip electrodes.
  • the common electrode 72 covers the entire pixel area.
  • a liquid crystal composite system formed of a liquid crystal 50, a liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer 80, and a photoinitiator (not shown in FIG. 3) is included between the color filter substrate 60 and the array substrate.
  • the liquid crystal composite system is irradiated with ultraviolet light to form a polymer network of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer 80 in the liquid crystal composite system under the action of a photoinitiator.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the microstructure of a polymer network.
  • the polymer network is a three-dimensional network structure in which liquid crystal is filled in and around the network structure.
  • the molecular structure of the high molecular polymer network boundary (the boundary between the high molecular polymer network and the liquid crystal molecules) provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a rigid functional group and a flexible functional group.
  • the rigid functional group determines the anchoring effect of the network on the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the rigid functional group includes a biphenyl functional group, and the flexible functional group includes an alkyl functional group.
  • the liquid crystal display device after forming a polymer network, includes: a polymer network 40 and a liquid crystal 50 distributed in and around the polymer network 40, all liquid crystals 50.
  • the arrangement of the molecules is a nematic structure.
  • the liquid crystal 50 and the polymer polymer network 40 are distributed between the color filter substrate and the array substrate. Specifically, it is distributed between the alignment film of the color filter substrate and the alignment film of the array substrate.
  • the polymer polymer network 40 and the alignment film of the color filter substrate and the alignment film of the array substrate together orient the liquid crystal 50 distributed around them, and the remaining liquid crystal molecules away from the polymer network and the alignment film are subjected to the intermolecular
  • the influence of van der Waals forces is parallel to the liquid crystal molecules close to the polymer polymerization network and the alignment film.
  • the polymer network is composed of a rigid liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer (rigid molecular chain), and the flexible portion occupies a small proportion of the network.
  • the polymer network that directs the liquid crystal molecules is mainly A large proportion of rigid molecular chains in the network. Therefore, the alignment film and the polymer polymerization network have the same orientation direction of the liquid crystal.
  • the orientation of the polymer network 40 on the liquid crystal 50 is stronger and more effective than the alignment of the substrate surface alignment film on the liquid crystal 50, and the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display device can be improved and the driving of the liquid crystal display device can be reduced. Electro-optic performance such as voltage and response speed of liquid crystal display devices.
  • the liquid crystal display device when applied with a driving voltage, it is subjected to an alignment film and a high score.
  • the sub-polymer network 40 functions such that the long axes of the liquid crystals 50 are arranged neatly and orderly between the two substrates in a direction parallel to the alignment direction of the alignment film. At this time, light from the backlight cannot be emitted through the liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal 50 When the shutdown voltage V is applied to the liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal 50 is subjected to the orientation of the polymer network and the orientation of the alignment film, and may be in v. Ff returns to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal before the driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device at a faster speed.
  • the orientation of the polymer network 40 to the liquid crystal 50 is more intense and effective than the orientation of the alignment film in the liquid crystal display device. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the polymer network in the liquid crystal display device causes the liquid crystal to be aligned in a smaller V.
  • the arrangement direction before power-on is quickly restored, so that the high-quality picture display can be achieved with a small power consumption in a short time, and the response speed of the liquid crystal display device is improved.
  • the chemical composition of the boundary of the linear polymer network mainly includes: a benzene ring having a certain rigidity in the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer.
  • the chemical composition of the boundary of the polymer network which is distributed in a curve mainly includes: a polymerizable functional group of a head and a tail in a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer, and the functional group has a certain flexibility.
  • the structure of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer can affect the induction of the liquid crystal by the polymer, when the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is rigid, the liquid crystal molecules are strongly anchored by the polymer network. When the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer has many flexible chains, the liquid crystal molecules are weakly anchored by the polymer network.
  • the polymer network 40 formed by polymerization of a liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer has irreversibility, that is, the polymerization reaction of a polymer network composed of a liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is irreversible. Therefore, the polymer network structure is very stable and is basically not affected by external conditions such as heat and light.
  • the structure of the polymer network 40 is determined by the arrangement direction of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer before polymerization in the liquid crystal.
  • the rigidity of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is determined by the molecular structure itself. When the benzene ring, biphenyl, and cyclohexane are more abundant, the rigidity is strong, and the arrangement position and direction of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer are determined by the orientation direction of the alignment film.
  • the alignment direction induces the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules
  • the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules induces the arrangement of the liquid crystal polymerizable monomers
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal polymerizable monomers induces the direction in which the polymer network is arranged (ie, the polymer backbone Extend direction).
  • the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer 80 may be 1, 4-bis(4-(6,-propenyloxyhexyloxy)benzoyloxy)-2-indenylbenzene (C6M for short), and its molecular structural formula is as follows:
  • the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer 80 can also be a derivative of C6M: its molecular structural formula is as follows:
  • the first molecular structural formula is: 1, 4-bis(4-(6,-propenyloxyhexyloxy)benzoyloxy)-2-chlorobenzene;
  • the second molecular structural formula is: 1,4-bis(4-(6,-propenyloxyhexyloxy)benzoyloxy)-benzene;
  • the third molecular structural formula is: 1, 4-bis(4-(6,-propenyloxyhexyloxy)benzoyloxy)-2,3-dimercaptobenzene;
  • the fourth molecular structural formula is: 1, 4-bis(4-(6,-propenyloxyhexyloxy)biphenylnonanoyloxy)-benzene;
  • the fifth molecular structural formula is: 1, 4-bis(4-(6,-propenyloxyhexyloxy)biphenylnonanoyloxy)-2-chlorobenzene;
  • the sixth molecular structural formula is: 1, 4-bis(4-(6,-propyleneoxyhexyloxy)biphenylnonanoyloxy)-2-indenylbenzene;
  • the seventh molecular structural formula is: 1, 4-bis(4-(6,-propenyloxyhexyloxy)biphenylnonanoyloxy)-2,3-dimercaptobenzene.
  • n other values
  • the corresponding derivatives of the above respective molecular formulas can also be obtained, and these derivatives can also be used as liquid crystalline polymerizable monomers.
  • n can also be 2, 4 or 10, etc.
  • the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer C6M and its derivatives are easily mixed with a liquid crystal, and are easily oriented by the influence of boundary conditions (alignment films), and the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomers C6M and C6M derivatives and photoinitiators are It is easy to form a polymer network after being irradiated by ultraviolet light.
  • the benzene ring portion is a rigid group, and the carbon chain portion at both ends is a flexible chain portion.
  • Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) in the prior art is a polymer-stabilized liquid crystal, which is characterized by a high polymer content, and secondly, the polymer has no liquid crystal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a polymer network stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC), and the content of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is small.
  • PSLC polymer network stabilized liquid crystal
  • this structure first has liquid crystallinity and contains a double bond, which is different from the polymer in PDLC.
  • liquid crystalline polymerizable monomers are oriented by small molecule liquid crystals to be aligned, i.e., aligned by small molecule liquid crystal directors.
  • the liquid crystal polymerization network is induced to be aligned due to the arrangement of the initial liquid crystalline polymerizable monomers.
  • the photoinitiator described in the examples of the present invention may be dibenzoyl peroxide, dodecyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate or Oxidized dicyclohexyl carbonate or the like, these photoinitiators form some radicals upon irradiation with ultraviolet light to initiate polymerization of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer.
  • the liquid crystal display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is an advanced super-dimensional field conversion (ADS) type liquid crystal display device, and specifically, for example, may be a high aperture ratio advanced super-dimensional field conversion (High Aperture Fringe Field Switch, HADS) type liquid crystal display device.
  • ADS advanced super-dimensional field conversion
  • HADS High Aperture Fringe Field Switch
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal can be induced by friction, and the polymerizable monomer in the liquid crystal has liquid crystallinity and can be aligned in the direction in which the other liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the long axis.
  • ultraviolet irradiation can polymerize the polymerizable monomer, and the resulting polymer network has directionality. Since the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the ADS display mode is parallel to the substrate, the formed polymer network can facilitate the molecular rotation of the liquid crystal molecules under the electric field, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the liquid crystal device.
  • the polymer network according to the embodiment of the present invention can not only reduce the energy consumption of the liquid crystal display device of the above ADS display mode, but also reduce the energy consumption for the ordinary nematic liquid crystal device.
  • the function For example, in a vertical electric field type liquid crystal display or a lateral electric field type liquid crystal display such as planar field switching and fringe field switching, since the extending direction of the polymer main chain of the polymer network is consistent with the orientation direction of the alignment film, the polymer polymerization
  • the object network and the alignment film have an alignment effect on the liquid crystal molecules, which can also reduce the driving voltage, reduce the energy consumption, and improve the response speed.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display device, including the steps of:
  • the photoinitiator may be, for example, an initiator 651 (Igacure 651) or the like.
  • the ultraviolet light irradiates the primary liquid crystal display device for about 10 minutes, the effect of the polymer network is better.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a liquid crystal display device, comprising the steps of: S201: adding a liquid crystal polymerizable monomer to a liquid crystal in a predetermined ratio;
  • the mesh of the polymer network is sparse.
  • the content of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is not excessively high, and when the content of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer accounts for less than 10% of the liquid crystal mass, the polymer polymer network formed by the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer can lower the driving voltage of the liquid crystal display device. And the effect of improving the response speed, when the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer content is 4% to 8% of the liquid crystal mass, the effect is more obvious.
  • step S202 adding a photoinitiator to the mixture of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer and the liquid crystal obtained in step S101 in a predetermined ratio;
  • the content of the photoinitiator is not excessively high, and when the content of the photoinitiator exceeds 20% of the mass of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer, yellowing of the liquid crystal display device may occur, thereby affecting the display effect of the liquid crystal display device;
  • the content of the photoinitiator is 1% to 20% by mass of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer, the display effect of the obtained liquid crystal display device is better.
  • the photoinitiator accounts for 1% of the polymerizable monomer, the effect is better.
  • the liquid crystal composite system containing the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer and the photoinitiator obtained in the step S202 is uniformly stirred in the dark.
  • the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is affected by the arrangement of small molecule liquid crystals before polymerization, and the long axis thereof is parallel to the color filter substrate and the array substrate.
  • the liquid crystal display device formed in step S204 is irradiated with ultraviolet light to form a liquid crystal display device comprising a polymer composite network, wherein the liquid crystal composite system including the polymer network further comprises A small amount of a photoinitiator having a content of about 0.2% by mass of the liquid crystal has no effect on the display effect of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is initiated by a photoinitiator to form a polymer network.
  • the liquid crystal polymerizable monomer in the composite system is polymerized under the action of the photoinitiator without increasing the ultraviolet radiation alone, thereby improving the production efficiency.
  • the small molecule liquid crystals are anchored around the polymer network, and these small molecule liquid crystals are oriented parallel to the substrate by the influence of initial conditions.
  • the small molecule liquid crystal is deflected by the influence of the multi-dimensional electric field.
  • the small molecule liquid crystal needs to restore the alignment of the long axis parallel to the substrate.
  • the small molecule liquid crystal will quickly recover. The state before power-on, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the device.
  • This method of reducing the energy consumption of the liquid crystal display device is suitable for the HADS design.
  • the color film substrate and the array substrate PI have the same rubbing direction, which promotes the alignment of the polymerizable monomer and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell before the polymerization, in the polymerization process, during the polymer chain growth process Small molecule liquid crystal perturbations are small.
  • the small molecule liquid crystal is caused to rotate, and the polymer network is more likely to be reduced.
  • This method of reducing the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device is suitable for a TN type (neam-type) liquid crystal display device. Because of the similar effect of directional polymerization, there is a similar effect of lowering the driving voltage, reducing the energy consumption of the liquid crystal display device, and increasing the response speed of the liquid crystal.
  • step S201 and S202 may also be interchanged, and step S202 may be performed first, and then step S201 is performed, that is, the photoinitiator is first added to the liquid crystal in an appropriate ratio, and the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer is added to the liquid crystal in a suitable ratio. In the liquid crystal.
  • a photoinitiator and a liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer may be simultaneously added to the liquid crystal.
  • the end group of the liquid crystal molecule when the terminal group of the liquid crystal molecule contains a group, the end group of the liquid crystal molecule has a strong ability to absorb electricity and is greatly affected by the electric field; when the group of the liquid crystal molecules is fluorine, the power absorbing ability is higher. Weak, less affected by the action of the electric field.
  • the type of the liquid crystalline polymerizable monomer used in the examples of the present invention may vary depending on the type of liquid crystal (structure of liquid crystal molecules), and is not limited to C6M and its derivatives.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal panel, and a display device including the liquid crystal panel.
  • the liquid crystal panel includes a color filter substrate and an array substrate, and a polymer network disposed between the color filter substrate and the array substrate and a liquid crystal distributed around the polymer polymer network; when a certain driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device The alignment direction of the liquid crystal is twisted at an angle with the electric field to achieve the purpose of light transmission.
  • the liquid crystal is restored to a faster speed to return to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal before the application of the driving voltage by the liquid crystal display device under the influence of the polymer network; and
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the invention reduces the shutdown voltage of the liquid crystal display device, reduces the energy consumption, and improves the response speed.
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide a display device including a liquid crystal panel such as a computer, a television, and the like.
  • the above-described parallel alignment mode in which the long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is parallel to the surface of the substrate has been described.
  • embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the initial orientation state of the liquid crystal molecules may have a pretilt angle with the surface of the substrate.
  • embodiments of the present invention may also employ a mode in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the surface of the substrate in an initial state (i.e., a vertical alignment mode).
  • the initial orientation state of the liquid crystal molecules coincides with the orientation direction of the alignment film, and the extension direction of the polymer main chain of the polymer network is also consistent with the orientation direction of the alignment film.
  • the present invention cover the modifications and the modifications of the invention

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Abstract

一种液晶显示装置及其制作方法，用以实现一种功耗较低、响应速度较快的液晶显示装置。该液晶显示装置包括：彩膜基板（60）和阵列基板，以及填充在所述彩膜基板（60）和阵列基板之间的液晶复合体系；其中，所述液晶复合体系中包括液晶（50）和由液晶性可聚合单体（80）聚合形成的高分子聚合物网络。

Description

液晶显示装置及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种液晶显示装置及其制作方法。 背景技术
随着个人计算机的日渐普及，液晶显示技术在 21世纪迅速发展，并成为 目前工业界的新星和经济发展的亮点。在液晶显示蓬勃发展的同时，视角宽、 能耗低和响应速度快成为对液晶显示器件的迫切要求。 目前， 高级超维场转 换技术（ ADSDS: Advanced Super Dimension Switch, 简称 ADS )型液晶显 示技术具有高速反应、 高画质与大视角的特性， 非常适合应用于各种动态影 像用液晶显示领域。 ADS通过同一平面内狭缝电极边缘所产生的电场以及狭 缝电极层与板状电极层间产生的电场形成多维电场，使液晶盒内狭缝电极间、 电极正上方所有定向液晶分子都能够产生旋转， 从而提高了液晶工作效率并 增大了透光效率。 针对不同应用， ADS技术的改进技术有高透过率 I-ADS 技术、 高开口率 H-ADS和高分辨率 S-ADS技术等。
现有技术的液晶显示装置如图 1所示， 包括： 上基板 10和下基板 20, 以及分别设置在上基板 10和下基板 20内侧的配向膜，并且上基板 10和下基 板 20内侧的配向膜的定向方向相同。在具有配向膜的两块基板之间填充有液 晶 30, 液晶 30的长轴平行于配向膜的定向方向并整齐地排列在两块基板之 间。 在下基板 20上依次设置有相互绝缘的 ITO电极。 下基板 20的面对上基 板 10的一侧设置有相互错开的第一 ITO电极 21 , 该第一 ITO电极 21为像 素电极， 多个像素电极构成像素电极阵列。 下基板 20的背对上基板 10的一 侧设置有第二 ITO电极 22, 该第二 ITO电极 22为公共电极。 此外， 上基板 10还设置有彩膜。 由第一 ITO电极 21和第二 ITO电极 22形成的电场为多 维电场， 在多维电场下工作的液晶显示装置为 ADS型液晶显示装置。
液晶显示装置在未施加驱动电压时，液晶 30受配向膜的定向作用，其长 轴平行于上下两基板排列， 并且所有液晶都整齐有序地排列在上下两基板之 间， 如图 1所示。 当通过第一 ITO电极 21和第二 ΙΤ0电极 22给液晶显示装置施加一定的 驱动电压时， 上基板 10和下基板 20之间形成一定的电场， 此时的液晶 30 受该电场的影响排列方向随电场方向发生扭转，液晶 30扭转角度的大小决定 来自背光源的光线通过显示装置的通过率， 从而控制液晶显示装置的显示画 面。 当去掉液晶显示装置上所加的驱动电压时，液晶 30又会慢慢恢复液晶显 示装置施加驱动电压前的排列方向，来自背光源的光无法通过液晶 30发射出 去。液晶 30通过在液晶显示装置通电与断电的过程中起着光开关的作用， 即 通过不停地切换液晶显示装置的驱动电压来控制液晶显示装置的显示。
但是， 现有液晶显示装置在启动时， 需要的驱动电压较大， 并且液晶的 响应速度较低， 无法满足液晶显示装置的低能耗和快速响应的要求。 发明内容
本发明的一个实施例提供一种液晶显示装置， 包括： 彩膜基板、 阵列基 板以及填充在所述彩膜基板和所述阵列基板之间的液晶复合体系， 其中所述 液晶复合体系中包括液晶和由液晶性可聚合单体聚合形成的高分子聚合物网 络。
本发明的另一个实施例提供一种液晶显示装置的制作方法， 包括： 将液 晶性可聚合单体、 光引发剂添加到液晶中， 并避光搅拌，得到液晶复合体系； 将所述液晶复合体系施加到彩膜基板和阵列基板之间， 形成初级液晶显示装 置； 以及通过紫外光辐照该初级液晶显示装置， 使得该初级液晶显示装置中 的液晶复合体系中的液晶性可聚合单体在光引发剂的作用下聚合， 生成高分 子聚合物网络， 得到最终的液晶显示装置。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案， 下面将对实施例的附图作 简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例， 而非对本发明的限制。
图 1为现有技术的液晶显示装置剖面图；
图 2为本发明实施例提供的高分子聚合物网络的宏观结构示意图； 图 3为本发明实施例提供的含有液晶性可聚合单体的液晶显示装置在液 晶性可聚合单体聚合前的剖面图；
图 4为本发明实施例提供的高分子聚合物网络的微观结构示意图； 图 5为本发明实施例提供的含有液晶性可聚合单体的液晶显示装置在液 晶性可聚合单体聚合后的剖面图；
图 6为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置的多维电场示意图； 以及 图 7为本发明实施例提供的施加了驱动电压的液晶显示装置的剖面图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述。显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于所描 述的本发明的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种液晶显示装置， 用以降低液晶显示装置的驱动 电压， 减小能耗， 并且提高响应速度。
本发明实施例通过高分子聚合物网络对液晶的定向作用来降低液晶显示 装置的能耗， 并且提高液晶的响应速度。
本发明实施例将液晶性可聚合单体添加到液晶中， 液晶性可聚合单体和 液晶的溶解性较好， 受边界条件的影响容易定向。 由于液晶性可聚合单体含 有可聚合官能团， 在紫外光辐照下， 液晶性可聚合单体能发生聚合， 形成高 分子聚合物网络。 液晶性可聚合单体受初始的定向作用， 可以有效锚定小分 子液晶的初始方向。 在通电过程中， 小分子液晶受到多维电场的影响随电场 方向发生偏转， 当去掉电场时， 小分子液晶需要恢复长轴平行于基板的排列 状态， 这时受到高分子聚合物网络的影响， 小分子液晶会迅速恢复到通电前 的状态， 从而降低驱动电压， 减少液晶显示装置的能耗， 提高液晶的响应速 度。
本发明实施例中， 液晶性可聚合单体自身具有液晶性， 它在液晶中排列 具有方向性， 因此， 聚合后的高分子聚合物网络也有方向性。 图 2示出了本 发明实施例中的高分子聚合物网络。 图 2中的白色箭头代表液晶显示装置的 配向层的摩擦 ( rubbing )方向 （也就是处理后的配向层的定向方向） 。 从图 2 中可以看出， 高分子聚合物网络的条紋方向 （也就是聚合物网络中聚合物 主链的延伸方向）与配向层的摩擦方向大致平行。 通过高分子聚合物网络， 可以锚定小分子的液晶排列方向。
以上所述的高分子聚合物的方向性与高分子聚合物的形成过程有关系。 配向层的摩擦方向诱导液晶分子的排列， 液晶分子的排列诱导液晶性可聚合 单体的排列， 液晶性可聚合单体的排列方向诱导生成的高分子网络排列的方 向。
具体地， 通过摩擦后的配向层对液晶的平面诱导使得液晶分子长轴平行 于基板排列。 液晶性可聚合单体自身也具有液晶性， 从而可聚合单体长轴平 行于液晶分子排列。 在紫外线下发生聚合后， 液晶性可聚合单体生成的高分 子聚合物网络沿着液晶分子长轴方向延伸， 即所述高分子聚合物网络具有方 向性。 因此， 高分子聚合物网络中聚合物主链的延伸方向大致与配向层的摩 擦方向相同。
所述高分子聚合物网络的方向由聚合前的液晶性可聚合单体决定， 液晶 性可聚合单体的排列方向由液晶分子排列的方向决定， 液晶分子排列的方向 由摩擦方向决定。
需要注意的是， 以上以配向膜的摩擦方向为例进行了说明。 然而， 本领 域的技术人员应该了解，配向膜的配向作用不仅仅可以通过摩擦方法来形成， 还可以依靠 UV光照射、 纳米压印等方法来实现。 本发明对于配向膜的配向 作用的实现手段没有特别限制。 无论配向膜依靠何种方法实现配向作用， 其 均具有一定向方向。 配向膜的定向方向是指在未施加电压状态下液晶受配向 膜的配向作用的影响所呈现的液晶分子的长轴方向。 在本发明的实施例中， 所形成的高分子聚合物网络中的聚合物主链的延伸方向大致与配向膜的定向 方向平行。
下面结合附图对本发明实施例提供的技术方案进行说明。
本发明实施例中， 首先将光引发剂、 液晶性可聚合单体分别以一定的比 例均匀混合在液晶中，形成液晶复合体系。将液晶复合体系施加（例如滴加） 到彩膜基板和阵列基板之间。 参见图 3 , 此时的液晶显示装置包括： 彩膜基 板 60、 像素电极 71、 绝缘层 70和公共电极 72。 像素电极 71之上还设置有 配向膜、 公共电极 72之下还设置有玻璃基板（glass substrate ) 。 由配向膜、 公共电极、 绝缘层、 像素电极和玻璃基板构成阵列基板。 另外， 在彩膜基板
60上（即与阵列基板相面对的一侧 )也设置有配向膜。 像素电极 71和公共 电极 72的材料都可以是 ITO, 但也可以是其他透明导电材料。 像素电极 71 由多个条形电极形成， 且在多个条形电极之间具有狭缝状开口。 公共电极 72 可覆盖整个像素区。
本发明实施例中， 在彩膜基板 60和阵列基板之间包括由液晶 50、 液晶 性可聚合单体 80以及光引发剂（图 3中未体现）形成的液晶复合体系。釆用 紫外光照射液晶复合体系，使得液晶复合体系中的液晶性可聚合单体 80在光 引发剂的作用下形成高分子聚合物网络。 图 4为高分子聚合物网络的微观结 构示意图。 高分子聚合物网络是立体的网络结构， 且液晶填充在该网络结构 中及其周围。 本发明实施例提供的高分子聚合物网络边界（高分子聚合物网 络与液晶分子之间的边界） 的分子结构中包括刚性官能团和柔性官能团。 刚 性官能团决定网络对液晶分子的锚定作用。 刚性官能团包括联苯官能团， 柔 性官能团包括烷基官能团。
参见图 5 , 形成高分子聚合物网络后， 本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装 置包括： 高分子聚合物网络 40以及分布在该高分子聚合物网络 40中及其周 围的液晶 50, 所有液晶 50的分子的排列呈向列型结构。 液晶 50和高分子聚 合物网络 40分布在彩膜基板和阵列基板之间。具体地，分布在彩膜基板的配 向膜和阵列基板的配向膜之间。
高分子聚合物网络 40和彩膜基板的配向膜、阵列基板的配向膜一起对分 布在它们周围的液晶 50起到定向作用，其余远离高分子聚合物网络和配向膜 的液晶分子， 受分子间范德华力的影响， 都平行于靠近高分子聚合网络和配 向膜的液晶分子。 高分子聚合物网络是由具有刚性的液晶性可聚合单体（刚 性分子链）聚合而成， 其柔性部分所占网络的比例很小， 对液晶分子起定向 作用的高分子聚合物网络主要是占该网络艮大比例的刚性分子链。 因此， 配 向膜和高分子聚合网络对液晶的定向方向是一致的。 高分子聚合物网络 40 对液晶 50的定向作用比基板表面配向膜对液晶 50的定向作用更为强烈、 更 有效， 可以艮好地改善液晶显示装置的光透过率、 降低液晶显示装置的驱动 电压及提高液晶显示装置的响应速度等电光性能。
参见图 5所示， 当液晶显示装置在施加驱动电压之前， 受配向膜和高分 子聚合物网络 40的作用， 液晶 50的长轴按照平行于配向膜的定向方向整齐 有序地排列在两基板之间。此时，来自背光源的光线不能穿过液晶发射出去。
当给图 5所示的液晶显示装置施加一定驱动电压 V。n时， 即在所述第一 ITO电极 71和所述第二 ITO电极 72之间施加一定电压时， 形成如图 6所示 的电场 90, 该电场为多维电场。 液晶 50在电场 90的作用下， 排列方向随电 场方向发生一定角度的扭转， 此时的液晶显示装置的剖视图如图 7所示。 通 过该液晶的扭转角度决定来自背光源的光线的通过率， 从而控制液晶显示装 置的显示画面。
当对液晶显示装置施加关闭电压 V。ff时，液晶 50受高分子聚合物网络定 向作用和配向膜的定向作用， 可以在 v。ff下以更快的速度回到液晶显示装置 施加驱动电压前液晶的排列方向。 与液晶显示装置中的配向膜的定向作用相 比较， 高分子聚合物网络 40对液晶 50的定向作用更加强烈、 有效。 因此， 与现有技术相比， 液晶显示装置中的高分子聚合物网络使得液晶的排列方向 在更小的 V。ff下迅速恢复通电前的排列方向， 这样在较短的时间内以较小的 功耗就可以达到高质量画面显示的目的， 并且提高了液晶显示装置的响应速 度。
较佳地，本发明实施例提供的高分子聚合物网络 40中，呈直线状的高分 子聚合物网络边界的化学成分主要包括： 液晶性可聚合单体中具有一定的刚 性的苯环。 呈曲线状分布的高分子聚合物网络边界的化学成分主要包括： 液 晶性可聚合单体中的头部和尾部的可聚合官能团，该官能团具有一定的柔性。
由于对液晶性可聚合单体的结构涉及能影响到这种聚合物对液晶的诱 导， 当液晶性可聚合单体刚性较强时， 液晶分子受到高分子聚合物网络锚定 作用较强， 当液晶性可聚合单体柔性链较多时， 液晶分子受到高分子聚合物 网络的锚定作用较弱。
由液晶性可聚合单体聚合生成的高分子聚合物网络 40 结构具有不可逆 性， 也就是说， 由液晶性可聚合单体生成高分子聚合物网络的聚合反应是不 可逆的。 因此， 高分子聚合物网络结构十分稳定的， 基本不会受热、 光等外 界条件的影响。
高分子聚合物网络 40的结构，由聚合前的液晶性可聚合单体在液晶中的 排列方向决定。 液晶性可聚合单体的刚性与否是由分子结构自身决定的， 分 子中苯环、 联苯、 环己烷较多时， 刚性较强， 液晶性可聚合单体排列位置及 方向是配向膜的定向方向决定的。 定向方向诱导液晶分子的排列， 液晶分子 的排列诱导液晶性可聚合单体的排列， 液晶性可聚合单体的排列方向诱导生 成的高分子聚合物网络排列的方向 （即， 聚合物主链的延伸方向） 。
液晶性可聚合单体 80可以为 1, 4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)苯曱酰氧 基) -2-曱苯（简称 C6M) , 其分子结构式如下：
Figure imgf000008_0001
液晶性可聚合单体 80还可以为 C6M的衍生物：其分子结构式分别如下：
C!
0 严、 0 、 o
Figure imgf000008_0002
(CH )n O > 、 - C- O < -0-C < 》- -.0 (CH2)n
Figure imgf000008_0003
当 n=6时：
第 1个分子结构式为： 1, 4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)苯曱酰氧基) -2- 氯苯；
第 2个分子结构式为： 1,4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)苯曱酰氧基) -苯; 第 3个分子结构式为： 1, 4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)苯曱酰氧基) -2,3- 二曱基苯；
第 4个分子结构式为： 1, 4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)联苯曱酰氧基) - 苯；
第 5个分子结构式为： 1, 4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)联苯曱酰氧基 )-2- 氯苯；
第 6个分子结构式为： 1, 4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)联苯曱酰氧基 )-2- 曱苯；
第 7个分子结构式为： 1, 4-双 (4- (6， -丙烯氧基己氧基)联苯曱酰氧基 )-2,3- 二曱基苯。
当 n=其他数值时，还可以得到上述各分子式相应的衍生物， 这些衍生物 同样也可以作为液晶性可聚合单体。 例如 n还可以为 2、 4或 10等。
所述液晶性可聚合单体 C6M及其衍生物容易和液晶混合， 而且受边界 条件（配向膜）的影响容易定向， 所述的液晶性可聚合单体 C6M及 C6M的 衍生物和光引发剂在受到紫外光辐照后容易生成高分子聚合物网络。
液晶性可聚合单体分子结构式中苯环部分为刚性基团， 两端碳链部分是 柔性链部分。
现有技术中的聚合物分散液晶（ Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal, PDLC ) 是聚合物稳定液晶， 它的特点是聚合物含量较多， 其次聚合物没有液晶性。 而本发明实施例提供的是聚合物网络稳定液晶 (PSLC), 液晶性可聚合单体的 含量较少。 如上述分子式所示， 这种结构首先具有液晶性并且含有双键， 和 PDLC 中聚合物不同。 另外， 这种液晶性可聚合单体受到小分子液晶诱导会 发生定向排列， 即按小分子液晶指向矢进行排列。 在聚合过程中， 由于初始 的液晶性可聚合单体的排列方式， 诱导液晶性聚合网络发生定向排列。
本发明实施例中所述的光引发剂可以为过氧化二苯曱酰、过氧化十二酰、 偶氮二异丁腈、 偶氮二异庚腈、 过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯或过氧化二碳酸二环 己酯等， 这些光引发剂在受到紫外光辐照时形成一些自由基， 以引发液晶性 可聚合单体的聚合。
较佳地， 本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置， 为高级超维场转换（ADS ) 型液晶显示装置， 具体地， 例如可以是高开口率高级超维场转换 （High aperture Fringe Field Switch, HADS )型液晶显示装置。
综上， 由于本发明实施例中的阵列基板涂覆配向层， 通过摩擦作用能诱 导液晶平面定向， 在液晶中的可聚合单体具有液晶性， 能够按照其他液晶分 子长轴排列方向进行排列。 在制作工艺中， 进行紫外光辐照能够使可聚合单 体发生聚合， 生成的高分子聚合物网络具有方向性。 由于 ADS显示模式中 液晶分子长轴平行于基板， 形成的高分子聚合物网络能有利于液晶分子在电 场下的分子旋转， 从而减少液晶装置的能耗。
需要说明的是， 本发明实施例所述的高分子聚合物网络不仅可以对上述 的 ADS显示模式的液晶显示装置有降低能耗的功能， 而且对普通的向列型 液晶装置同样也有降低能耗的功能。 例如， 在垂直电场型液晶显示器或者诸 如平面场切换、 边缘场切换的横向电场型液晶显示器中， 由于高分子聚合物 网络的聚合物主链的延伸方向与配向膜的定向方向一致， 高分子聚合物网络 与配向膜对液晶分子均有配向作用， 也可以降低驱动电压、 减少能耗并提高 响应速度。
本发明实施例提供一种液晶显示装置的制备方法， 包括步骤：
5101、 将液晶性可聚合单体、 光引发剂添加到液晶中， 并避光搅拌， 得 到液晶复合体系；
其中， 光引发剂， 例如可以是引发剂 651 ( Irgacure 651 )等。
5102、 将所述液晶复合体系施加（例如， 滴加）到彩膜基板和阵列基板 之间， 形成初级液晶显示装置；
5103、 通过紫外光辐照该初级液晶显示， 使得该初级液晶显示装置中的 液晶复合体系中的液晶性可聚合单体在光引发剂的作用下聚合， 生成高分子 聚合物网络， 得到最终的液晶显示装置；
其中，所述紫外光辐照该初级液晶显示装置的时间约 10分钟左右时，生 成所述高分子聚合物网络的效果较好。
具体地， 本发明实施例提供一种液晶显示装置的制备方法， 包括步骤： S201、 将液晶性可聚合单体以预定比例添加到液晶中；
其中， 液晶性可聚合单体含量越多， 经紫外光辐照后聚合生成的高分子 聚合物网络的网孔越密， 液晶性可聚合单体含量越少， 经紫外光辐照后聚合 生成的高分子聚合物网络的网孔则越稀疏。 液晶性可聚合单体的含量不宜过高， 液晶性可聚合单体的含量占液晶质 量的 10%以下时， 液晶性可聚合单体形成的高分子聚合物网络可以达到降低 液晶显示装置驱动电压以及提高响应速度的效果， 当液晶性可聚合单体含量 为液晶质量的 4%~8%时， 效果更为明显。
S202、 将光引发剂以预定比例添加到步骤 S101得到的液晶性可聚合单 体和液晶的混合物中；
其中， 光引发剂的含量不宜过高， 当光引发剂的含量超过液晶性可聚合 单体质量的 20%时， 会引起液晶显示装置发生黄变的现象， 从而影响液晶显 示装置的显示效果；光引发剂的含量为液晶性可聚合单体质量的 1%~20%时， 所得到的液晶显示装置的显示效果较佳。其中，光引发剂占可聚合单体的 1% 时， 效果更好。
5203、 将步骤 S202得到的含有液晶性可聚合单体和光引发剂的液晶复 合体系避光搅拌均匀。
5204、 将搅拌均匀的液晶复合体系真空压在彩膜基板和阵列基板之间。 其中， 彩膜基板和阵列基板釆用平面配向方式， 这种方式能诱导液晶性可聚 合单体规则排列。
由于彩膜基板和阵列基板的内表面经过 PI摩擦定向，液晶性可聚合单体 在聚合前受到小分子液晶排列影响， 其长轴平行于彩膜基板和阵列基板。
5205、 将经步骤 S204形成的液晶显示装置经紫外光辐照， 形成了包含 高分子聚合物网络的液晶复合体系的液晶显示装置， 其中该包含高分子聚合 物网络的液晶复合体系还包含有非常少量的光引发剂， 该光引发剂的含量约 为液晶质量的 0.2%, 对液晶显示装置显示效果没有影响。
较佳地， 在对盒工艺中， 封框胶紫外固化步骤中， 液晶性可聚合单体受 到光引发剂引发， 形成高分子聚合物网络。 这样不用单独增加紫外线辐射使 得复合体系中的液晶性可聚合单体在光引发剂的作用下聚合,提高生产效率。 在高分子聚合物网络周围小分子液晶皮锚定， 这些小分子液晶受初始条件的 影响平行于基板定向。
在通电过程中， 小分子液晶受到多维电场的影响发生偏转，去掉电场时， 小分子液晶需要恢复长轴平行于基板的排列状态， 这时受到高分子网络的影 响， 小分子液晶会迅速恢复到通电前的状态， 从而降低装置的能耗。 这种降低液晶显示装置能耗的方法适用于 HADS设计。首先，在阵列 2D 设计当中，彩膜基板和阵列基板 PI摩擦方向相同，促使在液晶盒内可聚合单 体和液晶分子在聚合前排列方向一致， 在聚合过程中， 聚合物链增长过程中 对小分子液晶扰动较小。 其次， 由于 ADS在通电时的电场分布规律， 促使 小分子液晶发生旋转， 聚合物网络更易于降低 ^。
这种降低液晶显示装置能耗的方法适用于 TN型 (向列型）液晶显示装 置。 因为类似的方向性聚合的效果， 因此也有类似的降低驱动电压， 减少液 晶显示装置的能耗， 提高液晶的响应速度的效果。
上述步骤 S201和 S202的顺序也可以互换，可以先执行步骤 S202,再执 行步骤 S201 , 即先将光引发剂以合适比例添加到液晶中， 再将液晶性可聚合 单体以合适比例添加到液晶中。
或者， 也可以将光引发剂和液晶性可聚合单体同时添加到液晶中。
本发明实施例中， 当液晶分子端基含 基团时， 液晶分子端基吸电能 力较强， 受到电场作用的影响较大； 当液晶分子中吸电基团是氟时， 吸电能 力较弱， 受到电场作用的影响较小。 本发明实施例中釆用的液晶性可聚合单 体的种类， 可以根据液晶种类（液晶分子的结构） 的不同而不同， 并不限于 釆用 C6M及其衍生物。
综上所述， 本发明的实施例提供了一种液晶显示装置包括液晶面板， 以 及含有液晶面板的显示设备。 液晶面板包括彩膜基板和阵列基板， 以及设置 在彩膜基板和阵列基板之间的高分子聚合物网络和分布在该高分子聚合物网 络周围的液晶； 当给液晶显示装置施加一定驱动电压时， 液晶的排列方向随 电场以发生一定角度的扭转， 以达到透光的目的。 在给液晶显示装置施加关 闭电压的过程中， 受高分子聚合物网络的影响， 液晶在较小的关闭电压下、 以更快的速度恢复到液晶显示装置施加驱动电压前液晶的排列方向； 和传统 液晶显示装置相比， 本发明实施例提供的技术方案， 降低了液晶显示装置的 关闭电压， 减小了能耗， 提高了响应速度。
另外， 本发明的实施例还提供了含有液晶面板的显示设备， 如电脑、 电 视等等。
需要注意的是， 以上以液晶分子长轴方向平行于基板表面 （即， 配向膜 的表面）的平行配向模式进行了说明。 然而， 本发明的实施例并不限制于此。 液晶分子的初始定向状态可以与基板表面之间有一预倾角。 或者， 本发明的 实施例也可以釆用液晶分子在初始状态下垂直于基板的表面排列的模式（即， 垂直配向模式） 。 然而， 无论釆用何种配向模式， 液晶分子的初始定向状态 与配向膜的定向方向一致， 并且高分子聚合物网络的聚合物主链的延伸方向 也与配向膜的定向方向一致。 发明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要 求及其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种液晶显示装置， 包括： 彩膜基板、 阵列基板以及填充在所述彩膜 基板和所述阵列基板之间的液晶复合体系，
其中所述液晶复合体系中包括液晶和由液晶性可聚合单体聚合形成的高 分子聚合物网络。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的装置，其中所述高分子聚合物网络具有方向性。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的装置，其中所述彩膜基板和所述阵列基板 的相对表面的至少之一上设置有配向层， 所述配向层具有一定向方向， 所述 平行。
4、根据权利要求 3中任一项所述的装置，其中所述高分子聚合物网络中 的聚合物主链的延伸方向由聚合前的液晶性可聚合单体的排列方向决定， 液 晶性可聚合单体的排列方向由液晶分子的排列方向决定， 液晶分子的排列方 向由所述配向层的定向方向决定。
5、根据权利要求 1-4中任一项所述的装置， 其中所述高分子聚合物网络 边界的分子结构中包括刚性官能团和柔性官能团， 所述刚性官能团决定网络 对液晶分子的锚定作用。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的装置， 其中所述刚性官能团包括联苯官能团， 所述柔性官能团包括烷基官能团。
7、根据权利要求 1-6中任一项所述的装置， 其中由所述液晶性可聚合单 体生成所述高分子聚合物网络的聚合反应具有不可逆性。
8、根据权利要求 1-7中任一项所述的装置， 其中所述液晶性可聚合单体 为 C6M或者 C6M的衍生物。
9、根据权利要求 1-8中任一项所述的装置， 其中所述液晶性可聚合单体 的质量为所述液晶质量的 4%~8%。
10、 根据权利要求 1-9中任一项所述的装置， 其中所述阵列基板上设置 有像素电极和公共电极， 所述像素电极和所述公共电极设置在所述阵列基板 的不同层， 所述像素电极和所述公共电极之间设置有绝缘层， 所述公共电极 覆盖整个像素区， 所述像素电极中具有狭缝状开口。
11、 一种液晶显示装置的制作方法， 包括：
将液晶性可聚合单体、 光引发剂添加到液晶中， 并避光搅拌， 得到液晶 复合体系；
将所述液晶复合体系施加到彩膜基板和阵列基板之间， 形成初级液晶显 示装置； 以及
通过紫外光辐照该初级液晶显示装置， 使得该初级液晶显示装置中的液 晶复合体系中的液晶性可聚合单体在光引发剂的作用下聚合， 生成高分子聚 合物网络， 得到最终的液晶显示装置。
12、根据权利要求 11所述的方法，其中所述彩膜基板和所述阵列基板的 相对表面的至少之一上设置有配向层， 所述配向层具有一定向方向， 且
其中在将所述液晶复合体系施加到所述彩膜基板和所述阵列基板之间 后， 所述液晶和所述液晶性可聚合单体均沿所述配向层的定向方向排列。
13、 根据权利要求 11或 12所述的方法， 其中所述通过紫外光辐照所述 初级液晶显示装置的步骤是在对盒工艺中对封框胶进行紫外固化的步骤中完 成。
14、 根据权利要求 11-13中任一项所述的方法， 其中所述液晶性可聚合 单体的质量为所述液晶质量的 10%以下。
15、 根据权利要求 11-14中任一项所述的方法， 其中所述液晶性可聚合 单体的质量为所述液晶质量的 4%~8%。
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