WO2013035419A1 - 欠陥検査方法および欠陥検査装置 - Google Patents
欠陥検査方法および欠陥検査装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013035419A1 WO2013035419A1 PCT/JP2012/067265 JP2012067265W WO2013035419A1 WO 2013035419 A1 WO2013035419 A1 WO 2013035419A1 JP 2012067265 W JP2012067265 W JP 2012067265W WO 2013035419 A1 WO2013035419 A1 WO 2013035419A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
- G06T7/001—Industrial image inspection using an image reference approach
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/10—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process
- H01L22/12—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process for structural parameters, e.g. thickness, line width, refractive index, temperature, warp, bond strength, defects, optical inspection, electrical measurement of structural dimensions, metallurgic measurement of diffusions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/20—Sequence of activities consisting of a plurality of measurements, corrections, marking or sorting steps
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8854—Grading and classifying of flaws
- G01N2021/8861—Determining coordinates of flaws
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8854—Grading and classifying of flaws
- G01N2021/8867—Grading and classifying of flaws using sequentially two or more inspection runs, e.g. coarse and fine, or detecting then analysing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/9501—Semiconductor wafers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for observing and inspecting defects generated during the manufacture of semiconductor products, and to a method for improving the efficiency of defect inspection.
- the wafer is sampled and inspected to determine whether a defect has occurred on the wafer surface or whether a circuit pattern formed on the wafer surface has an abnormality. If a defect or circuit pattern abnormality is detected as a result of the inspection, the cause is investigated and necessary countermeasures are taken.
- a defect observation apparatus is an apparatus that uses the output of an inspection apparatus to capture defect coordinates of a wafer with high resolution and output an image.
- the semiconductor manufacturing process has been miniaturized, and along with this, the defect size has reached the order of several tens of nanometers. In order to observe the defects in detail, a resolution of the order of several nanometers is required. Therefore, in recent years, an observation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a review SEM) using a scanning electron microscope (SEM: Scanning Electron Microscope) has been widely used.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method of detecting a defect by comparing an image obtained by imaging a defective part with a non-defective image.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method of detecting a defect from one image obtained by imaging a defective part.
- Patent Document 3 In an inspection apparatus having two or more inspection systems, a method for determining coordinates on a wafer to be reviewed during defect review is described in US Pat. No. 7,904,845 (Patent Document 3).
- the critical defect size is also miniaturized.
- the defects include random defects and systematic defects. Random defects are those in which the occurrence frequency, defect state, and defect size vary and the occurrence location cannot be predicted. A systematic defect is often constant because an easily occurring portion is caused by a circuit pattern or the like. However, systematic defects may not occur, and it is difficult to determine whether or not the pattern state is defective as compared with random defects.
- the optical inspection apparatus is set to a sensitivity capable of detecting minute defects, there is a problem that a large amount of manufacturing tolerances and noise that do not become defects are detected.
- Patent Document 3 predicts the coordinates of systematic defects, but does not disclose a method for solving the above problem.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an inspection method that achieves both high throughput and improved defect detection accuracy when performing defect inspection including defect review using an optical inspection apparatus and fixed point inspection using an SEM. is there.
- a method for inspecting a defect on a semiconductor wafer by using a plurality of inspection methods which is a coordinate on the semiconductor wafer, which is a coordinate at which a systematic defect can occur.
- the defect inspection coordinates which are coordinates on the semiconductor wafer obtained from the inspection result, and the risk point coordinates and the defect inspection coordinates are merged after adding information indicating the type of coordinates, and the inspection order of the merged coordinates is determined.
- the selected and merged coordinate information is used for selection, and the inspection method is selected from a plurality of inspection apparatuses for each coordinate to be inspected.
- the automatic image classification apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
- a case where images captured by an observation apparatus equipped with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) are classified will be described.
- the imaging apparatus according to the present invention may be other than SEM, and charged particle beams such as ions may be used.
- the imaging device used may be used.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of an apparatus according to the present invention.
- An SEM 101 that captures an image
- a control unit 102 that performs overall control
- a storage unit 103 that stores information in a magnetic disk, a semiconductor memory, and the like
- a program An arithmetic unit 104 that performs arithmetic operations
- an external storage medium input / output unit 105 that performs input / output of information with an external storage medium connected to the apparatus
- a user interface unit 106 that controls input / output of information with a user
- the network interface unit 107 communicates with other devices.
- the user interface unit 106 is connected to an input / output terminal 113 including a keyboard, mouse, display, and the like.
- the SEM 101 includes a movable stage 109 on which the sample wafer 108 is mounted, an electron source 110 for irradiating the sample wafer 108 with an electron beam, a detector 111 for detecting secondary electrons and reflected electrons generated from the sample wafer, and an electron beam.
- a digital image is generated by digitally converting signals from an electron lens (not shown) that converges on the sample, a deflector (not shown) for scanning an electron beam on the sample wafer, and the detector 111
- the image generating unit 112 and the like are configured. These are connected via the bus 114, and can exchange information with each other.
- FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the control unit 102, the storage unit 103, and the calculation unit 104.
- the control unit includes a wafer transfer control unit 201 that controls the transfer of the wafer, a stage control unit 202 that controls the stage, a beam shift control unit 203 that controls the irradiation position of the electron beam, and a beam scan control unit that controls the scanning of the electron beam.
- the storage unit 103 includes an image storage unit 205 that stores the acquired image data, a danger point coordinate storage unit 206 that stores coordinates of the dangerous point, a detected defect coordinate storage unit 207 that stores defect coordinates detected by the inspection apparatus, It comprises a recipe storage unit 208 that stores parameters for defect review and fixed point inspection.
- the arithmetic unit 104 includes an imaging coordinate information setting unit 209 that sets information of coordinates to be imaged, an imaging order setting unit 210 that sets the order of imaging, a defect detection processing unit 211 that detects a defective part, and classifies defects by type. It consists of a defect classification unit 212. Note that 209 to 212 may be configured as hardware designed to perform each calculation, or configured to be implemented as software and executed using a general-purpose arithmetic device (for example, a CPU or a GPU). You may do it.
- a general-purpose arithmetic device for example, a CPU or a GPU. You may do it.
- the wafer 108 to be imaged is placed on the stage 109 by the robot arm under the control of the wafer transfer control unit 201.
- the stage 109 is moved by the stage controller 202 so that the imaging field of view is included in the beam irradiation range.
- the stage position is measured and the beam irradiation position is adjusted by the beam shift control unit 203 so as to cancel the movement error.
- the electron beam is irradiated from the electron source 110 and scanned within the imaging field by the beam scan control unit 204.
- Secondary electrons and reflected electrons generated from the wafer by beam irradiation are detected by the detector 111 and converted into a digital image through the image generator 112.
- the captured image is stored in the image storage unit 205 together with supplementary information such as an imaging condition and an imaging date and time.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for performing defect review and risk point inspection according to the present invention.
- a wafer is loaded on the stage (S301), and a recipe corresponding to the wafer is read from the recipe storage unit 208 (S302).
- the recipe stores parameters relating to wafer alignment (S303), fine alignment (S304), focus map estimation (S305), defect review (S311), and risk point inspection (S312).
- wafer alignment (S303), fine alignment (S304), and focus map estimation (S305) are executed.
- the dangerous point coordinates corresponding to the wafer are read (S306), and the detected defect coordinates output by the inspection apparatus are read (S307).
- the risk point coordinates and the detected defect coordinates are merged after adding attributes (S308).
- the danger point is a position where a systematic defect may occur.
- information indicating the type of coordinates is added to the dangerous point coordinates and the defect coordinates, which are particularly referred to as attributes here.
- the imaging order is rearranged so as to shorten the moving distance of the stage (S309).
- the wafer alignment (S303) to focus map estimation (S305) processing and the dangerous point coordinate reading (S306) to imaging sequence setting (S309) processing may be executed in parallel. Further, whether fine alignment (S304) and focus map estimation (S305) are performed may be switched depending on the recipe.
- defect review and risk point inspection are performed according to the set imaging sequence.
- the sequence is switched based on the attributes set in the coordinates (S310). That is, if the coordinate attribute is “detected defect”, a defect review sequence is executed (S311). If the attribute is “dangerous point”, a dangerous point inspection sequence is executed (S312).
- the imaging conditions such as probe current and acceleration voltage
- the imaging conditions are switched before executing the sequence.
- risk point coordinate candidates are extracted (S313).
- the defect review sequence using comparative inspection will be described with reference to FIG.
- an image for observation for observing the appearance of the defect is taken, and classification based on the cause of the defect and the type of the defect is performed.
- the visual field is moved to a position where a reference image used for comparison inspection can be captured (S401). Specifically, the stage is moved and the beam is shifted as described above. Then, a reference image is captured (S403).
- the visual field is moved to a position where the detected defect coordinates can be imaged (S404), and a defect image is captured (S405). Then, the captured reference image is compared with the defect image, and the defective portion is re-detected (S406).
- an image for observation is taken for the defective part (S407), and classification is performed for each defect type (S408).
- the defect review sequence using comparative inspection has been described as an example.
- a method of redetecting defects from one defect image as described in Patent Document 2 may be used.
- an image for observation may be captured and classified based on the detected defect coordinates without redetecting the defect. These can be switched based on parameters stored in the recipe.
- the captured image may be stored, and the classification process (S408) may be performed collectively later.
- the danger point inspection sequence will be described with reference to FIG.
- an image of a dangerous point is taken, a defective part is detected from the taken image, and each detected defective part is classified for each defect type.
- the visual field is moved to a position where an image of a dangerous point can be captured (S501).
- a positional shift of about several tens of nm to several ⁇ m may occur due to a measurement error of the stage stop position.
- an image for positioning is captured (S502), and the position of the template pattern whose relative coordinates with the previously registered dangerous point coordinates are known is specified from the positioning image to determine the imaging position (S503). ),
- An image of a dangerous point is taken (S504).
- defect detection (S505) and defect classification are performed from the image (S506).
- the positioning image capturing (S502) and the imaging positioning (S503) may not be performed. This can be switched based on the parameters stored in the recipe. Further, the image of the captured dangerous point may be stored, and the defect detection (S505) and classification (S506) may be performed together later.
- imaging coordinate information setting (S308) will be described.
- This process is a process of merging the input detected defect coordinates and the dangerous point coordinates after adding an attribute.
- the detected defect coordinates are defect coordinates detected by the inspection apparatus.
- the detected defect coordinates to be input may be the result of sampling in advance, or the input detected defect coordinates may be sampled and then merged.
- the dangerous point coordinates are the coordinates of a dangerous point that the user desires to inspect, such as a place where a systematic defect is likely to occur. In general, risk points are often specified in a chip coordinate system.
- FIG. 6 shows a chip 601 and a wafer 602 on a semiconductor wafer.
- the chip coordinate system is a coordinate system with one point on the chip as the origin
- the wafer coordinate system is a coordinate system with one point on the wafer as the origin.
- a plurality of chips are laid out on the wafer, and the relationship between the chip coordinates (cx, cy) and the wafer coordinates (x, y) in the chip at the position (u, v) is expressed by (Equation 1), Mutual conversion is easy.
- W, H are 1 chip width and height
- o x, o y represents an offset.
- the dangerous point coordinates are converted into the wafer coordinate system by the above-described method, they are merged with the detected defect coordinates. At this time, attributes are added so that the detected defect coordinates and the dangerous point coordinates can be distinguished.
- the imaging order setting is rearranged so that the stage movement time is shortened for the merged coordinates.
- the stage moving time is generated by the stage moving distance, and the stage moving time includes the stage moving distance.
- the movement of the stage requires time, so if the movement time of the stage is shortened, an effect of improving the throughput is produced.
- this problem is a combinatorial optimization problem.
- the forward optimal solution may be obtained by using an annealing method (Simulated Annealing method) or the like.
- the moving coordinates of the stage may be merged and the field of view may be moved by beam shift.
- the imaging conditions for example, probe current and acceleration voltage
- the time required for switching is included in the movement time between coordinates to solve the combination optimization problem. You can solve it. That is, the movement time between coordinates having the same attribute is only the time required for moving the stage, and the movement time between coordinates having different attributes is included in the time required for switching the imaging time in addition to the time required for moving the stage. However, if stage movement and switching of imaging conditions can be performed in parallel, the longer time is taken as the movement time.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of the result of setting the imaging order for the detected defect coordinates of N points and the dangerous point coordinates of M points.
- the moving coordinates of the stage are shown as an example where the i-th imaging coordinate point (x 2 , y 2 ) and the i + 1-th imaging coordinate point (x N + 1 , y N + 1 ) are within a range that can be moved by beam shift.
- (X i ′ , y i ′ ) shows a common result.
- the detected defect coordinates 901 include random defects, systematic defects, and a large amount of nuisance defects. Random defects are those in which the occurrence frequency, defect state, and defect size vary and the occurrence location cannot be predicted. A systematic defect is often constant because an easily occurring portion is caused by a circuit pattern or the like. However, systematic defects may not occur, and it is difficult to determine whether or not the pattern state is defective as compared with random defects.
- a nuisance defect means that the optical inspection device is set to a sensitivity that can detect a minute defect, and a lot of manufacturing tolerances and noise that do not become a defect may be detected as a defect. It is detected.
- risk point coordinates 902 extracted from design information and user experience are stored in advance.
- the detected defect coordinates 901 and the stored dangerous point coordinates 903 are inputted, and defect review and dangerous point inspection are performed according to the flow shown in FIG.
- the dangerous point coordinate candidate 904 is output.
- the user determines a dangerous point 905 from the dangerous point coordinate candidates (S906), and additionally stores it as a dangerous point.
- the sensitivity of the defect inspection apparatus may be set to a sensitivity that can reduce the occurrence of nuisance defects and detect random defects.
- the inspection result 907 does not include the detection result of the minute systematic defect, it is possible to inspect the risk point 908 including the risk point extracted from the first wafer. It is possible to perform defect observation and systematic defect inspection with high efficiency and high capture rate.
- the risk point candidate determination need not be performed only for the first wafer, but may be performed at an appropriate timing (S909).
- This process is a process for extracting systematic defect candidates from the images collected in the defect review sequence.
- a circuit pattern similar to the image collected in the danger point inspection sequence is formed, and if the image has the same type of defect, it is determined as a systematic defect.
- the p-th image is read from m risk point images in chip coordinates (S1002).
- S1009 the defect review image
- Whether or not to compare with the defect review image may be specified by the user for each risk point, or the repetition periodicity of the circuit pattern is determined from the captured image, and if there is periodicity, it is not compared You may do it.
- the t-th defect image is read from the defect review image captured at N locations (S1004). Since there are cases where the imaging conditions such as the imaging magnification are different between the risk point image and the defect image, the image is processed so as to absorb the difference in the imaging conditions in order to facilitate the comparison of the images (S1005). An example of the case where adjustment is necessary will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 11A shows an example of the relationship between the imaging field 1101 of the image in the risk point inspection, the imaging field 1102 of the defect image in the defect review, and the imaging field 1103 of the observation image.
- FIG. 11B shows a captured dangerous point image
- FIG. 11C shows a defect image.
- the risk point image is captured to be 1000 ⁇ 1000 pixels
- the defect image is captured to be 500 ⁇ 500 pixels. Since the imaging field of view and image size can be individually set according to the recipe, processing such as image enlargement / reduction or clipping is performed to absorb differences in imaging conditions. Processing such as noise removal and super-resolution processing may be performed.
- the degree of coincidence between the danger point image and the defect image is calculated (S1006).
- a normalized correlation value may be used for calculating the degree of coincidence.
- the circuit pattern and the outline of the defect may be detected from the image, and the degree of coincidence of the outline may be calculated.
- the calculation may be performed in consideration of the classification results of the defect classification in the defect review (S408) and the defect classification in the risk point inspection (S506). For example, when the classification results are the same, the degree of coincidence may be increased. Moreover, the degree of coincidence of defects classified as foreign substances may be lowered. Then, the calculated degree of coincidence is compared with a preset threshold value (S1007), and if it is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the coordinates at which the defect image is captured are output as the risk point coordinate candidates.
- a preset threshold value S1007
- the above steps S1004 to S1008 are performed for all defect images (S1003), and S1002 to S1008 are performed for all risk point images (S1001).
- the image read in S1004 may be a reference image instead of a defect image, or may be a reference image synthesized from a defect image.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of a user interface related to the setting of a recipe for performing defect review and risk point inspection.
- This interface includes a button 1201 for calling a parameter setting interface for wafer alignment and fine alignment, and a button 1202 for calling a parameter setting interface for focus map estimation.
- a button 1203 for designating a place where a result of inspecting the target wafer by the inspection apparatus is stored, and a button 1204 for calling a parameter setting interface regarding defect review are provided.
- a button 1205 for calling an interface (described later) for editing the dangerous point coordinates is provided, and a button 1206 for calling a parameter setting interface for the dangerous point inspection.
- an interface 1207 for plotting and displaying the result of reading the set detected defect coordinates and dangerous point coordinates on a wafer map and an interface 1208 for displaying a list of imaging coordinates and added attributes are provided.
- a button 1209 for saving the created recipe, a button 1210 for executing the recipe, and a button 1211 for calling an interface for confirming the risk point candidate after execution are provided.
- FIG. 1 An example of an interface for editing dangerous point coordinates is shown in FIG. This interface is called from the “danger point coordinate edit” button 1205 of the interface related to the recipe setting.
- an interface 1301 for displaying a list of chip coordinates of registered dangerous points a button 1302 for calling an interface for registering a new dangerous point, a button 1303 for calling an interface for correcting a registered dangerous point, and a registered button 1303
- a button 1304 for deleting a danger point is provided.
- a button 1309 for reading a list of previously registered risk points a button 1310 for naming and saving the list of registered risk points, and a button 1311 for canceling editing of the risk point coordinates are provided.
- Fig. 14 shows an example of an interface related to dangerous point registration.
- This interface is called from the “add” button 1302 or “correct” button 1303 of the interface for editing the dangerous point coordinates.
- an interface 1401 for inputting an arbitrary name for the dangerous point an interface 1402 for inputting the coordinates of the dangerous point, a button 1403 for moving the stage to the coordinates of the inputted dangerous point, an interface 1404 for inputting the coordinates for addressing
- an interface 1405 for moving the stage to the coordinates for use
- an interface 1406 for displaying an image of a dangerous point
- a button 1407 for registering a dangerous point
- an interface 1408 for displaying an image for addressing
- a button 1409 for registering an image for addressing an interface 1410 for designating whether or not to use for comparison with the defect review result in S1009 is provided.
- a button 1411 for completing the registration work and a button 1412 for interrupting the registration work are provided.
- Fig. 15 shows an interface for confirming extracted risk point candidates.
- This interface is called from a “danger point candidate confirmation” button 1211 of an interface related to recipe setting.
- This interface is an interface 1501 for mapping and displaying the risk point candidates and the coordinates of the risk points, an interface 1502 for switching the mapping method, an interface 1503 for displaying a list of extracted risk point candidates, and a list of registered risk points Interface 1504 for displaying a list of images, and an interface 1505 for displaying images related to the selected risk point candidates and corresponding design information.
- a button 1506 for adding the selected risk point candidate as a risk point and a button 1507 for deleting the registered risk point are provided.
- a button 1508 for completing the confirmation work and a button 1509 for interrupting the work are provided.
- the user can grasp the danger points in the chip.
- the risk point extraction frequency for each chip coordinate may be displayed in a graph (FIG. 16 (a)). Thereby, it becomes easy to grasp the risk point candidates occurring in many chips. Further, it may be displayed as a wafer map (FIG. 16B). This makes it possible to grasp the distribution of chips from which risk point candidates are extracted in the wafer surface, and to obtain a guideline for determining chips to be inspected.
- Fig. 17 shows an output example of the results of defect review and risk point inspection. It is possible to display the frequency of occurrence for each defect type (FIG. 17A), display the tendency of occurrence within the wafer surface for each defect type (FIG. 17B), and the like.
- the wafer alignment and focus map estimation sequences can be shared, and the stage movement time can be reduced, enabling efficient defect review and risk point inspection. Can be done.
- the user can grasp the locations where systematic defects are likely to occur. . Therefore, by using the present invention, the user can grasp the occurrence frequency for each defect type and the tendency of occurrence within the wafer surface with higher accuracy and speed than before, and a guideline for determining a process improvement guideline. Can be obtained quickly.
- FIG. 18 shows an inspection flow according to the present invention.
- Inspection information can be input from an external storage device such as a computer or HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and a reading device that reads information from a portable storage medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) or a communication device. Good.
- the coordinates of the reference point corresponding to each defect point included in the inspection information are calculated (S1808).
- Information indicating the type of coordinates is added to the risk point coordinates and the inspection information and merged (S1802).
- the imaging order is rearranged (S1803), and defects are inspected according to the imaging order (S1804). It is confirmed whether the inspection of all inspection coordinates has been completed (S1805), the inspection result is output (S1806), and the inspection is ended (S1807).
- step S1801 the coordinates determined and determined by the user empirically may be input as the dangerous point coordinates.
- a risk point may be calculated based on the inspection result output by the inspection apparatus and reflected in the inspection information. Or you may input what performed the prediction of a dangerous point based on the design data of a semiconductor wafer.
- the coordinates designed to form the same circuit pattern as the defective point may be calculated.
- the coordinates corresponding to the defect point in the die adjacent to the die where the defect point exists may be calculated. That is, the size corresponding to the chip size may be added to or subtracted from the coordinates of the defect point.
- the reference point coordinates on the wafer may be calculated so that an image is taken near the input dangerous point coordinates, defect point coordinates, or already calculated reference point coordinates.
- a “reference” attribute is added in S1802 described later, and link information to the corresponding defect point is stored as incidental information.
- Information indicating the type of coordinates includes information on the state or type of a defect, information on inspection coordinates at the time of defect inspection, information on an inspection method, and the like.
- the information indicating the type of coordinates includes an attribute, a number or name indicating a defect if necessary, and information with additional information as shown in FIG.
- the incidental information includes information for supporting defect inspection, link information to defect points corresponding to inspection using a reference image, information indicating a defect state, information such as the probability of occurrence of a defect, and the like.
- the method for determining the imaging order is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the imaging order may be determined so as to shorten the inspection time in consideration of not only the attribute of the inspection coordinate but also the moving time of the stage to the reference coordinate.
- defect inspection step will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 19, when the attribute is a defect, a defect image at inspection coordinates is captured, and defect detection is performed from the captured image. In defect detection, it may be obtained by referring to the accompanying information and comparing and inspecting with the captured reference image. For example, when there is repeated periodicity like a memory cell unit, a reference image is synthesized from the defect image. A comparative inspection may be performed.
- the stage is moved to the reference coordinates, and a reference image is taken.
- the stage is moved to the referenced dangerous point coordinates (addressing), and the dangerous point coordinates are imaged and inspected.
- the risk point coordinates and inspection information are merged after adding information indicating the type of coordinates, the imaging order is determined, and the coordinate type is indicated.
- the wafer alignment and focus map estimation sequences can be shared, and the stage movement time can be reduced, so defect review (observation) can be efficiently performed.
- Hazardous point inspection can be performed.
- the user can grasp the locations where systematic defects are likely to occur. . Therefore, by using the present invention, the user can grasp the occurrence frequency for each defect type and the tendency of occurrence within the wafer surface with higher accuracy and speed than before, and a guideline for determining a process improvement guideline. Can be obtained quickly.
- S1803 Step of determining the imaging order
- S1804 Step of inspecting defects
- S1805 Step of checking whether inspection of all inspection coordinates has been completed
- S1806 Output of inspection results Step S1808 ... calculating the coordinates of the reference point
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Abstract
Description
この目的のため,製造ラインには,各種の検査・計測装置が導入されている。プロセス立ち上げ段階では,所望の回路パターンが形成することができるプロセス条件を早期に決定することを目的に,例えば,プロセス条件を意図的に変更させて複数のウェハ或いはチップを作成し,それに対して検査を行い,そして,その検査結果に基づいてプロセス条件を決定する,といったことが行われる。一方,量産段階のウェハ検査は,プロセスモニタリングの目的で行われる。即ち,ウェハ製造の途中段階において,ウェハを抜き取り検査し,ウェハ表面に欠陥が発生していないか,或いは,ウェハ表面に形成された回路パターンに異常が無いか等を調べる。検査の結果,欠陥や回路パターンの異常が検出された場合には,その原因が調査され,必要な対策が行われる。
なお,位置ずれが問題とならない場合には位置決め用画像撮像(S502)と撮像位置決め(S503)は行わなくても良い。これはレシピに記憶されたパラメータをもとに切り替え可能である。また,撮像した危険点の画像を記憶しておき,欠陥の検出(S505),分類(S506)を後でまとめて行うようにしても良い。
図12に欠陥レビューと危険点検査を行うレシピの設定に関わるユーザインターフェースの一例を示す。本インターフェースでは,ウェハアライメントとファインアライメントに関するパラメータ設定インターフェースを呼び出すボタン1201,フォーカスマップ推定に関するパラメータ設定インターフェースを呼び出すボタン1202を備える。また,対象ウェハを検査装置で検査した結果が記憶されている場所を指定するボタン1203,欠陥レビューに関するパラメータ設定インターフェースを呼び出すボタン1204を備える。また,危険点座標を編集するインターフェース(後述)を呼び出すボタン1205,危険点検査に関するパラメータ設定インターフェースを呼び出すボタン1206を備える。また,設定された検出欠陥座標と危険点座標を読み込んだ結果をウェハマップ上にプロットして表示するインターフェース1207,撮像座標と付加された属性をリスト表示するインターフェース1208を備える。また,作成したレシピを保存するボタン1209,レシピを実行するボタン1210,実行後に危険点候補を確認するインターフェースを呼び出すボタン1211を備える。
Claims (19)
- 半導体ウェハ上の欠陥を複数の検査方法を用いて検査する方法であって、
半導体ウェハ上の座標であって、ユーザが指定あるいはシステマティック欠陥が発生し得る座標である危険点座標と、検査情報から取得した半導体ウェハ上の座標である欠陥検査座標とを座標の種類を示す情報を付加した上でマージするステップと、
マージした座標の検査順序を決定するステップと、
前記マージした座標の種類を示す情報を用いて選択し、検査すべき座標ごとに検査方法を選択して検査を行う欠陥の検査ステップと、
を有することを特徴とする欠陥検査方法。 - 請求項1記載の欠陥検査方法であって、
前記危険点座標を、前記検査ステップから得られる欠陥の検査結果あるいは半導体ウェハの設計情報を用いて危険点座標を決定すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査方法。 - 請求項1記載の欠陥検査方法であって、
前記マージした座標の検査順序を決定するステップにおいて、前記座標の種類を示す情報を用いて座標間のステージの移動時間を比較し、撮像順序を決定すること
を特徴をする欠陥検査方法。 - 請求項1記載の欠陥検査方法であって、
前記検査方法を選択は、欠陥レビューと危険点検査とを選択すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査方法。 - 請求項1記載の欠陥検査方法であって、
前記欠陥の検査ステップで得られた欠陥の検査結果であって、前記欠陥の検査結果から、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と、前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較し、一致度を求めて、前記一致度の高さを判定し、前記欠陥検査座標の候補と前記危険点座標の候補に分別する危険点判定ステップを有すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査方法。 - 請求項5記載の欠陥検査方法であって、
前記危険点判定ステップにおいて、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較する際に、撮像条件の違いを合わせ込んだ上で比較を行うこと
を特徴とする欠陥検査方法。 - 請求項5記載の欠陥検査方法であって、
前記危険点判定ステップにおいて、
前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較する際に、予め作成した欠陥状態の分類結果を用いて一致度の比較を行うこと
を特徴とする欠陥検査方法。 - 請求項5記載の欠陥検査方法であって、
前記危険点判定ステップにおいて、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較する際に、予め作成した欠陥状態の分類結果を用いて一致度に重みづけして比較を行うこと
を特徴とする欠陥検査方法。 - 半導体ウェハ上の欠陥を複数の検査方法を用いて検査する装置であって、
半導体ウェハ上の座標であって、システマティック欠陥が発生し得る座標である危険点座標と、検査情報から取得した半導体ウェハ上の座標である欠陥検査座標とを座標の種類を示す情報を付加した上でマージする手段と、
マージした座標の検査順序を決定する手段と、
前記マージした座標の種類を示す情報を用いて選択し、検査すべき座標ごとに検査方法を選択して検査を行う欠陥の検査手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項9記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記危険点座標を、前記検査手段から得られる欠陥の検査結果あるいは半導体ウェハの設計情報を用いて危険点座標を決定すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項9記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記マージした座標の検査順序を決定する手段において、前記座標の種類を示す情報を用いて座標間のステージの移動時間を比較し、撮像順序を決定すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項8記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記検査方法を選択は、欠陥レビューと危険点検査とを選択すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項9記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記欠陥の検査手段で得られた欠陥の検査結果であって、前記欠陥の検査結果から、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と、前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較し、一致度を求めて、前記一致度の高さを判定し、前記欠陥検査座標の候補と前記危険点座標の候補に分別する危険点判定手段を有すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項13記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記危険点判定手段において、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較する際に、撮像条件の違いを合わせ込んだ上で比較を行うこと
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項13記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記危険点判定手段において、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較する際に、予め作成した欠陥状態の分類結果を用いて一致度の比較を行うこと
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項13記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記危険点判定手段において、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と前記危険点座標を撮像した画像を比較する際に、予め作成した欠陥状態の分類結果を用いて一致度に重みづけして比較を行うこと
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項13記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記危険点判定手段において、危険点座標候補を抽出し、前記抽出された危険点候補をユーザが危険点座標であるか否かを判定するインターフェースと、
危険点と判定された危険点候補を危険点として記憶する手段と
を備えることを特徴とした欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項8記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
表示手段を有し、
前記表示手段は、前記マージした座標のうち、座標と、座標の種類を示す情報と、
を表示することを特徴とする欠陥検査装置。 - 請求項17記載の欠陥検査装置であって、
前記判定するインターフェースは、前記欠陥検査座標を撮像した画像と、判定された一致度が高い前記危険点画像と、を表示すること
を特徴とする欠陥検査装置。
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