WO2013035176A1 - Appareil de commande de batterie, appareil de stockage électrique et véhicule - Google Patents

Appareil de commande de batterie, appareil de stockage électrique et véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013035176A1
WO2013035176A1 PCT/JP2011/070392 JP2011070392W WO2013035176A1 WO 2013035176 A1 WO2013035176 A1 WO 2013035176A1 JP 2011070392 W JP2011070392 W JP 2011070392W WO 2013035176 A1 WO2013035176 A1 WO 2013035176A1
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Prior art keywords
cell controller
cell
battery
voltage
control device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/070392
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
金井　友範
明広 町田
彰彦 工藤
光夫 野田
隼二 太田
Original Assignee
日立ビークルエナジー株式会社
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Application filed by 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社 filed Critical 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社
Priority to JP2013532361A priority Critical patent/JP5860886B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2011/070392 priority patent/WO2013035176A1/fr
Publication of WO2013035176A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013035176A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0084—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B60L2210/12—Buck converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B60L2210/14—Boost converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery control device, a power storage device including the same, and a vehicle.
  • a battery module in which a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of secondary battery cells (single cells) such as lithium single cells are connected in series or in series and parallel is connected in series or in series and parallel is used. is doing.
  • a plurality of battery modules connected in series or in series and parallel are used as a power storage device together with a battery control circuit for controlling these battery modules.
  • Patent Document 1 when a battery pack (cell group) in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series and parallel is connected to a control device, voltage detection lines are connected in order from the low potential side of the battery voltage in the battery pack. As described above, a special connector in which the pin length of the connector is changed is used.
  • the battery control apparatus controls a battery module in which a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series are connected in series or in series, and the plurality of cell groups are controlled.
  • a plurality of cell controller ICs to be controlled respectively, and one or more connectors provided for connecting the plurality of cell controller ICs to the battery module.
  • the plurality of cell controller ICs include first and second cell controller ICs provided continuously so as to control two or more cell groups connected in series.
  • An auxiliary connection member (pin) for connecting the GND terminal side wiring of the first cell controller IC and the VCC terminal side wiring of the second cell controller IC at a connection point outside the battery control device is provided.
  • a switch is provided between the GND terminal side wiring of the cell controller IC and the VCC terminal side wiring of the second cell controller IC.
  • the switch in the battery control device of the first aspect, may be a mechanical switch.
  • the switch in the battery control device according to the first aspect, may be an electrical switch controlled by a signal from the second cell controller IC.
  • the GND terminal side wiring of the first cell controller IC and the second wiring at least from the connection point to the connector.
  • the VCC terminal side wiring of the cell controller IC may be configured with a noise-resistant cable.
  • a battery control apparatus controls a battery module in which a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series are connected in series or in series, and the plurality of cell groups are controlled.
  • a plurality of cell controller ICs to be controlled respectively, and one or more connectors provided for connecting the plurality of cell controller ICs to the battery module.
  • the plurality of cell controller ICs include first and second cell controller ICs provided continuously so as to control two or more cell groups connected in series.
  • a power storage device is a battery in which the battery control device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects and a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series are connected in series or in series-parallel.
  • a module and a battery module side connector are provided.
  • a vehicle capable of electric travel according to a seventh aspect of the present invention includes the power storage device according to the sixth aspect and a travel motor driven by electric power controlled by the power storage device.
  • a battery control device suitable for connecting to a plurality of cell groups, a power storage device and a vehicle including the battery control device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a so-called parallel hybrid drive system in which an engine 6 and a motor generator 7 are arranged in parallel as a drive source of the drive wheels 2.
  • the hybrid vehicle drive system uses the energy of the motor generator 7 as a drive source of the drive wheels 2, and the energy of the engine 6 is used to charge the drive source of the motor generator 7, that is, the capacitor.
  • serial hybrid system There is a so-called serial hybrid system.
  • the present invention can be applied to any of these types of drive systems. Further, the present invention can also be adopted in a drive system in which these are combined.
  • a power storage device 11 as a power supply device is electrically connected to the motor generator 7 via a power conversion device 9.
  • the power conversion device 9 is controlled by the control device 10.
  • the power converter 9 When the motor generator 7 is operated as a motor, the power converter 9 functions as a DC-AC converter circuit that converts DC power output from the power storage device 11 into three-phase AC power. When the motor generator 7 is operated as a generator during regenerative braking, the power converter 9 functions as an AC-DC converter circuit that converts the three-phase AC power output from the motor generator 7 into DC power. To do.
  • the positive and negative terminals of the module battery of the power storage device 11 are electrically connected to the DC side of the power conversion device 9.
  • the motor generator 7 functions as an electric motor for driving the drive wheels 2 and includes an armature (stator) and a field (rotor) that is disposed to face the armature and is rotatably supported.
  • the armature includes an armature core (stator core), which is a magnetic body, and a three-phase armature winding (stator winding) mounted on the armature core.
  • the field is a part that generates a field magnetic flux when the motor generator 7 is driven as an electric motor or a generator.
  • the motor generator 7 is a permanent magnet field type three-phase AC synchronous rotating electric machine using a permanent magnet as a field.
  • the motor generator 7 drives the drive wheels 2 based on the magnetic action of the rotating magnetic field that is formed by the three-phase AC power supplied to the armature winding and rotates at the synchronous speed, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. Generates the rotational power required for
  • the armature When driving the motor generator 7 as an electric motor, the armature receives a supply of three-phase AC power controlled by the power converter 9 and generates a rotating magnetic field. On the other hand, when the motor generator 7 is driven as a generator, the armature generates three-phase AC power by linkage of magnetic flux.
  • the motor generator 7 may be other than the permanent magnet field type three-phase AC synchronous rotating electric machine.
  • a winding that generates rotational power based on the magnetic action of a rotating magnetic field that is formed by three-phase AC power supplied to an armature winding and rotates at a synchronous speed, and a magnetic flux generated by excitation of the winding A field type three-phase AC synchronous rotating electric machine or a three-phase AC induction rotating electric machine may be adopted.
  • the configuration of the armature is basically the same as that of a permanent magnet field type three-phase AC synchronous rotating electric machine.
  • the configuration of the field is different, and a field winding (rotor winding) is wound around a field iron core that is a magnetic material.
  • a field winding rotor winding
  • a permanent magnet may be attached to a field core around which a field winding is wound to suppress leakage of magnetic flux due to the winding.
  • the field winding generates a magnetic flux when excited by receiving a field current from an external power source.
  • the axle 3 of the drive wheel 2 is mechanically connected to the motor generator 7 via a drive force switching device 8, a transmission 5 and a differential gear 4.
  • the transmission 5 changes the rotational power output from the motor generator 7 and transmits it to the differential gear 4.
  • the differential gear 4 transmits the rotational power output from the transmission 5 to the left and right axles 3.
  • the driving force switching device 8 performs a switching operation in response to a command from a host control device (not shown) that performs engine control, travel control, and the like.
  • the axle 3 and the motor generator are connected via the transmission 5 and the differential gear 4 depending on the situation such as acceleration running under engine control, engine start by the motor generator 7 from idle stop, regenerative brake coordination in brake control, etc. 7 is connected, and the motor generator 7 is operated as a motor or a generator.
  • the power storage device 11 charges the power generated when the motor generator 7 is regenerated as power for driving the motor generator 7, and when driving the motor generator 7 as a generator, This is an in-vehicle power supply for driving that discharges.
  • a battery system constituted by several tens of lithium ion batteries so as to have a rated voltage of 100 V or higher is used as the power storage device 11.
  • the detailed configuration of the power storage device 11 will be described later.
  • the power storage device 11 includes an electric actuator that supplies power to a vehicle-mounted auxiliary machine (for example, a power steering device, an air brake, etc.), a rated voltage lower than that of the power storage device 11,
  • a low voltage battery that is a power source for electrical equipment that supplies driving power to a light, an audio, an in-vehicle electronic control device, or the like may be electrically connected via a DC / DC converter.
  • the DC / DC converter is a step-up / step-down device that steps down the output voltage of the power storage device 11 and supplies it to an electric actuator or a low-voltage battery, or boosts the output voltage of the low-voltage battery and supplies it to the power storage device 11 or the like.
  • a lead battery having a rated voltage of 12 V can be used as the low voltage battery.
  • the hybrid vehicle 1 When the hybrid vehicle 1 is powered (starting, accelerating, normal driving, etc.), if a positive torque command is given to the control device 10 to control the operation of the power conversion device 9, the DC power stored in the power storage device 11 is controlled. Is converted into three-phase AC power by the power converter 9 and supplied to the motor generator 7. As a result, the motor generator 7 is driven to generate rotational power. The generated rotational power is transmitted to the axle 3 via the driving force switching device 8, the transmission 5 and the differential gear 4 to drive the driving wheels 2.
  • the hybrid vehicle 1 when the hybrid vehicle 1 is regenerated (deceleration, braking, etc.), when a negative torque command is given to the control device 10 to control the operation of the power conversion device 9, the motor generator is driven by the rotational power of the drive wheels 2. 7 is driven, and three-phase AC power is generated from the motor generator 7. The three-phase AC power is converted into DC power by the power converter 9 and supplied to the power storage device 11. Thereby, the electrical storage apparatus 11 is charged.
  • the control device 10 calculates a current command value from a torque command value output from a host control device (not shown), and determines a voltage based on a difference between the current command value and an actual current flowing between the power converters 9. Calculate the command value.
  • a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal is generated based on the voltage command value thus calculated, and the PWM signal is output to the power converter 9.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a drive system for a vehicular rotating electrical machine.
  • the drive system shown in FIG. 2 includes the motor generator 7, the power conversion device 9, and the power storage device 11 shown in FIG.
  • the power storage device 11 includes a battery module 20 and a battery control device 100 that monitors the battery module 20.
  • the power conversion device 9 and the battery control device 100 are connected by CAN communication. As described above, the power conversion device 9 operates based on command information from the control device 10 (see FIG. 1), and functions as a host controller for the battery control device 100.
  • the power conversion device 9 includes a power module 226, a driver circuit 224 for driving the power module 226, and an MCU 222 for controlling the driver circuit 224.
  • the power module 226 converts the DC power supplied from the battery module 20 into three-phase AC power for driving the motor generator 7 as a motor.
  • a large-capacity smoothing capacitor of about 700 ⁇ F to about 2000 ⁇ F is provided between the high voltage lines HV + and HV ⁇ where the power module 226 is connected to the battery module 20.
  • the smoothing capacitor serves to reduce voltage noise applied to the integrated circuit provided in the battery control device 100.
  • the MCU 222 first charges the smoothing capacitor by opening the precharge relay RLP from the open state to the closed state at the start of driving of the motor generator 7 in accordance with a command from the control device 10. At this time, the smoothing capacitor is charged while limiting the maximum current via the resistor RP. Thereafter, the relay RL is changed from the open state to the closed state, and supply of power from the battery module 20 to the power conversion device 9 is started. By performing such an operation, the relay circuit is protected, and the maximum current flowing through the battery module 20 and the power conversion device 9 can be reduced to a predetermined value or less, and high safety can be maintained.
  • the power conversion device 9 controls the phase of the AC power generated by the power module 226 with respect to the rotor of the motor generator 7 so that the motor generator 7 operates as a generator during vehicle braking. That is, regenerative braking control is performed, and the battery module 20 is charged by regenerating the power generated by the generator operation to the battery module 20. Moreover, also when the charge condition of the battery module 20 falls from a reference
  • the MCU 222 controls the driver circuit 224 so as to generate a rotating magnetic field in a delay direction with respect to the rotation of the rotor of the motor generator 7.
  • the driver circuit 224 controls the switching operation of the power module 226.
  • AC power from the motor generator 7 is supplied to the power module 226, converted into DC power by the power module 226, and supplied to the battery module 20.
  • the motor generator 7 acts as a generator.
  • the MCU 222 when the power generation operation is performed using the motor generator 7 as a motor, the MCU 222 generates a rotating magnetic field in a forward direction with respect to the rotation of the rotor of the motor generator 7 in accordance with a command from the control device 10. 224 is controlled. In response to this control, the driver circuit 224 controls the switching operation of the power module 226. Thereby, DC power from the battery module 20 is supplied to the power module 226, converted into AC power by the power module 226, and supplied to the motor generator 7.
  • the power module 226 of the power conversion device 9 performs conduction and interruption operations at high speed, and performs power conversion between DC power and AC power. At this time, since a large current is interrupted at a high speed, a large voltage fluctuation occurs due to the inductance of the DC circuit. In order to suppress this voltage fluctuation, the power converter 9 is provided with the above-described large-capacity smoothing capacitor.
  • the battery module 20 includes a plurality of battery module blocks.
  • the battery module 20 is configured by two battery module blocks 20A and 20B connected in series.
  • Each of the battery module blocks 20A and 20B includes a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series.
  • the battery module block 20A and the battery module block 20B are connected in series via a service disconnect SD-SW for maintenance / inspection in which a switch and a fuse are connected in series.
  • the service disconnect SD-SW is opened, the series circuit of the battery module blocks 20A and 20B is cut off, so that a connection circuit is formed at one location between the battery module blocks 20A and 20B and the vehicle. However, no current flows. With such a configuration, high safety can be maintained.
  • by opening the service disconnect SD-SW at the time of inspection even if an operator touches between HV + and HV ⁇ , it is safe because a high voltage is not applied to the human body.
  • a high-voltage line HV + between the battery module 20 and the power converter 9 is provided with a battery disconnect unit BDU including a relay RL, a resistor RP, and a precharge relay RLP.
  • a series circuit of the resistor RP and the precharge relay RLP is connected in parallel with the relay RL.
  • the battery control device 100 mainly performs voltage measurement, total voltage measurement, current measurement, cell temperature, cell capacity adjustment, and the like for each cell of the battery module 20. Therefore, a plurality of battery control ICs (integrated circuits) are provided as cell controllers.
  • the plurality of battery cells provided in each of the battery module blocks 20A and 20B are divided into a plurality of cell groups (assembled batteries).
  • the battery control device 100 is provided with one cell controller IC for controlling the battery cells included in each cell group for each cell group.
  • each cell group is assumed to be composed of four battery cells.
  • Each battery module block 20A, 20B is assumed to be composed of two cell groups (20A1, 20A2 and 20B1, 20B2).
  • the number of battery cells included in each cell group is not limited to four, and may be five or more.
  • cell groups having different numbers of battery cells for example, a cell group including four battery cells and a cell group including six battery cells may be combined.
  • the cell controller IC provided corresponding to each cell group can be used regardless of the number of battery cells included in these cell groups, for example, four or five or more. The designed one can be used.
  • a plurality of cell groups may be connected in series or series-parallel in each battery module block in order to obtain the voltage and current required for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
  • a plurality of battery module blocks may be connected in series or in series and parallel.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC4 that control each cell group in the battery control device 100 each include a communication system 602 and a 1-bit communication system 604.
  • the communication system 602 for reading the cell voltage value and transmitting various commands the cell controllers IC1 to IC4 and the microcomputer 30 that controls the battery module 20 are serially connected in a daisy chain manner via an insulating element (for example, a photocoupler) PH. Communicate.
  • an abnormal signal when cell overcharge is detected is transmitted from the cell controllers IC1 to IC4 to the microcomputer 30.
  • the communication system 602 is divided into an upper communication path for the cell controllers IC1 and IC2 of the battery module block 20A and a lower communication path for the cell controllers IC3 and IC4 of the battery module block 20B. .
  • Each cell controller IC performs an abnormality diagnosis and transmits an abnormality signal from the transmission terminal FFO when it determines that it is abnormal or when it receives an abnormality signal from the host cell controller IC at the reception terminal FFI.
  • This abnormal signal is a 1-bit signal in this embodiment.
  • the microcomputer 30 sends a test signal, which is a pseudo-abnormal signal, to the 1-bit communication system 604 in order to diagnose that the 1-bit communication system 604 that is an abnormal signal transmission path operates correctly.
  • the cell controller IC1 sends an abnormal signal to the 1-bit communication system 604, and the abnormal signal is received by the cell controller IC2.
  • the abnormal signal is transmitted from the cell controller IC2 to the cell controllers IC3 and IC4 in order, and finally returned from the cell controller IC4 to the microcomputer 30.
  • the pseudo abnormal signal transmitted from the microcomputer 30 returns to the microcomputer 30 via the 1-bit communication system 604.
  • the microcomputer 30 can send and receive the pseudo-abnormal signal to diagnose the 1-bit communication system 604, the reliability of the system is improved.
  • a current sensor Si such as a Hall element is installed in the battery disconnect unit BDU.
  • the output of the current sensor Si is input to the microcomputer 30.
  • signals related to the total voltage and temperature of the battery module 20 output from the battery module 20 are also input to the microcomputer 30, and are measured by an AD converter (ADC) of the microcomputer 30.
  • ADC AD converter
  • temperature sensors are provided at a plurality of locations in the battery module blocks 20A and 20B.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of an internal block of a cell controller IC which is a battery control IC.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of the cell controller IC1 to which the four battery cells BC1 to BC4 included in the cell group 20A1 among the cell groups 20A1 and 20A2 constituting the battery module block 20A are connected. Although explanation is omitted, other cell controller ICs have the same configuration.
  • the number of battery cells included in each cell group is not limited to four, and may be six or more.
  • the cell controller IC is designed to be able to handle the number of battery cells included in the connected cell group. For example, it is designed to support up to six battery cells, and includes six balancing switches described later. When this cell controller IC is connected to a cell group composed of four battery cells, only four of the six balancing switches need be used.
  • the cell controller IC1 includes a multiplexer 120 as a battery state detection circuit, an analog-digital converter 122A, an IC control circuit 123, a diagnostic circuit 130, a discharge control circuit 132, transmission input circuits 138 and 142, transmission Output circuits 140 and 143, an activation circuit 147, a timer circuit 150, a control signal detection circuit 160, a differential amplifier 262, and an OR circuit 288 are provided.
  • a multiplexer 120 as a battery state detection circuit, an analog-digital converter 122A, an IC control circuit 123, a diagnostic circuit 130, a discharge control circuit 132, transmission input circuits 138 and 142, transmission Output circuits 140 and 143, an activation circuit 147, a timer circuit 150, a control signal detection circuit 160, a differential amplifier 262, and an OR circuit 288 are provided.
  • the terminal voltages of the battery cells BC1 to BC4 are input to the multiplexer 120 via the voltage detection lines SL1 to SL5, the voltage input terminals CV1 to CV4, and the GND terminal.
  • the multiplexer 120 selects any two combinations from the voltage input terminals CV 1 to CV 4 and the GND terminal, and inputs the voltage between the terminals to the differential amplifier 262.
  • the output of the differential amplifier 262 is converted into a digital value by the analog-digital converter 122A.
  • the inter-terminal voltage converted into a digital value is sent to the IC control circuit 123 and held in the internal data holding circuit 125.
  • the terminal voltages of the battery cells BC1 to BC4 inputted to the voltage input terminals CV1 to CV4 and the GND terminal are biased at a potential based on the terminal voltage of the battery cell connected in series to the GND potential of the cell controller IC1.
  • the influence of the bias potential is removed, and the analog value based on the terminal voltage of each of the battery cells BC1 to BC4 is converted from analog to digital. Is input to the device 122A.
  • the IC control circuit 123 has an arithmetic function, the above-mentioned data holding circuit 125, a timing control circuit 126 that periodically performs voltage measurement and state diagnosis, and a diagnosis flag holding in which a diagnosis flag from the diagnosis circuit 130 is set. Circuit 128.
  • the IC control circuit 123 decodes the content of the communication command input from the transmission input circuit 138 and performs processing according to the content.
  • the communication command input from the transmission input circuit 138 to the IC control circuit 123 includes, for example, a command for requesting a measured value of the voltage between terminals of each battery cell, and a discharge operation for adjusting the charge state of each battery cell.
  • a command for starting the operation of the cell controller IC (Wake UP), a command for stopping the operation (sleep), a command for requesting address setting, and the like.
  • the diagnostic circuit 130 performs various diagnoses, for example, overcharge diagnosis and overdischarge diagnosis, based on the measurement value from the IC control circuit 123.
  • the data holding circuit 125 is configured by, for example, a register circuit, and stores the detected voltages across the terminals of the battery cells BC1 to BC4 in association with the battery cells BC1 to BC4. Further, other detection values can be held in a readable manner at a predetermined address.
  • the voltage VCC is the total voltage of the battery cell group including the battery cells BC1 to BC4 connected in series.
  • the voltage VDD is generated by the constant voltage power supply 134 and is lower than the voltage VCC.
  • the multiplexer 120 and the transmission input circuits 138 and 142 for signal transmission operate at the voltage VCC.
  • the analog-digital converter 122A, the IC control circuit 123, the diagnostic circuit 130, the transmission output circuits 140 and 143 for signal transmission, and the like operate at the voltage VDD.
  • the cell controller IC1 includes a reception terminal LIN1 and a transmission terminal LIN2 corresponding to the communication system 602 in FIG. 2, and a reception terminal FFI and a transmission terminal FFO corresponding to the 1-bit communication system 604.
  • the signal received at the reception terminal LIN1 of the cell controller IC1 is input to the transmission input circuit 138, and the signal received at the reception terminal FFI is input to the transmission input circuit 142.
  • the transmission input circuit 138 includes a circuit 231 that receives a signal from another adjacent cell controller IC, and a circuit 234 that receives a signal from the microcomputer 30 via the photocoupler PH.
  • the transmission input circuit 142 has a circuit configuration similar to that of the transmission input circuit 138.
  • a signal from the microcomputer 30 is input to the receiving terminal LIN1 via the photocoupler PH.
  • a signal from the adjacent cell controller IC1 is input to the reception terminal LIN1. Therefore, which of the circuit 231 and the circuit 234 is used in the transmission input circuit 138 is selected by the switch 233 based on the control signal applied to the control terminal CT in FIG.
  • the control signal applied to the control terminal CT is input to the control signal detection circuit 160.
  • the switch 233 performs a switching operation between the circuit 231 and the circuit 234 in accordance with a command from the control signal detection circuit 160 that is performed based on the control signal applied to the control terminal CT.
  • the peak value of the output waveform is different between the output from the microcomputer 30 as the host controller and the output from the transmission terminal LIN2 of the cell controller IC, and the threshold value for determining the signal level is different. Therefore, based on the control signal of the control terminal CT, in the transmission input circuit 138, the circuit used for signal reception is switched between the circuit 231 and the circuit 234 by the switch 233 as described above.
  • the 1-bit communication system 604 has the same configuration.
  • the communication command received at the receiving terminal LIN1 is input to the IC control circuit 123 through the transmission input circuit 138.
  • the IC control circuit 123 outputs data and commands corresponding to the received communication command to the transmission output circuit 140. Those data and commands are transmitted from the transmission terminal LIN2 via the transmission output circuit 140.
  • the transmission output circuit 143 has the same configuration as the transmission output circuit 140.
  • the signal received by the receiving terminal FFI is used to transmit an abnormal state (overcharge signal).
  • an abnormal state overcharge signal
  • the signal is input to the transmission output circuit 143 via the transmission input circuit 142 and the OR circuit 288, and is output from the transmission output circuit 143 via the transmission terminal FFO.
  • the diagnostic circuit 130 detects an abnormality
  • a signal indicating the abnormality is input from the diagnostic flag holding circuit 128 to the transmission output circuit 143 via the OR circuit 288 regardless of the content received at the reception terminal FFI. Is output via the transmission terminal FFO.
  • the signal When a signal transmitted from the microcomputer 30 to the cell controller IC1 via the photocoupler PH is input to the reception terminal LIN1, the signal is also received by the activation circuit 147, and in response thereto, the activation circuit 147 and the timer circuit 150 receive the signal. An activation signal is output.
  • the timer circuit 150 operates in response to this activation signal, the voltage VCC is supplied to the constant voltage power supply 134.
  • the constant voltage power supply 134 is activated and outputs the voltage VDD described above.
  • the cell controller IC1 rises from the sleep state and enters an operation state. In other cell controller ICs, the same operation is performed when a signal from the adjacent upper cell controller IC is input to the reception terminal LIN1, and the constant voltage power supply 134 operates to output the voltage VDD.
  • the voltage input terminals CV1 to CV4 of the cell controller IC1 are terminals for measuring the cell voltages of the battery cells BC1 to BC4 included in the cell group 20A1.
  • Voltage detection lines SL1 to SL4 are connected to the voltage input terminals CV1 to CV4, respectively.
  • the voltage detection lines SL1 to SL4 connect the voltage input terminals CV1 to CV4 and the positive or negative electrodes of the battery cells BC1 to BC4, respectively, and are provided with resistors RCV for terminal protection and discharge current limitation for capacity adjustment, respectively. It has been.
  • the voltage detection line SL5 is connected from the negative electrode of the battery cell BC4 to the GND terminal.
  • the voltage input terminals CV1 and CV2 are selected by the multiplexer 120, and the voltage between the voltage input terminals CV1 and CV2 is measured.
  • the multiplexer 120 selects the voltage input terminals CV4 and GND, and measures the voltage between the voltage input terminals CV4 and GND.
  • capacitors Cv and Cin are provided as a noise countermeasure.
  • the voltage detection lines SL1 to SL4 are connected to the battery cell BC1 to BC4 side (cell group 20A1 side) and the cell controller IC1 side by a connector for connecting the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100. It is divided into.
  • the cell voltage of each battery cell of the cell groups 20A1 and 20A2 constituting the battery module block 20A and the cell group 20B1 constituting the battery module block 20B It is necessary to equalize the cell voltage of each battery cell of 20B2. That is, it is necessary to equalize the cell voltages of a total of 16 battery cells. For example, if the variation between the cell voltages is large, it is necessary to stop the regenerative operation when the battery cell having the highest cell voltage at the time of regenerative charging reaches the upper limit voltage. In this case, although the cell voltage of the other battery cells has not reached the upper limit, the regenerative operation is stopped and energy is consumed as a brake. In order to prevent this, each cell controller IC performs discharge for adjusting the capacity of the battery cell in response to a command from the microcomputer 30.
  • the cell controller IC1 includes balancing switches BS1 to BS4 for adjusting cell capacity between the terminals of CV1-BR1, BR2-CV3, CV3-BR3, and BR4-GND.
  • the balancing switch BS1 is turned on. Then, the balancing current flows through the path of the positive electrode of the battery cell BC1, the resistor RCV, the CV1 terminal, the balancing switch BS1, the BR1 terminal, the resistor RB, and the negative electrode of the battery cell BC1.
  • RB and RBB are resistors for balancing
  • BR1 to BR4 are terminals for performing this balancing.
  • the cell controller IC1 is provided with balancing switches BS1 to BS4 for adjusting the charge amounts of the battery cells BC1 to BC4.
  • balancing switches BS1 to BS4 for adjusting the charge amounts of the battery cells BC1 to BC4.
  • PMOS switches are used for the balancing switches BS1 and BS3
  • NMOS switches are used for the balancing switches BS2 and BS4.
  • the opening and closing of these balancing switches BS1 to BS4 are controlled by the discharge control circuit 132.
  • a command signal for turning on the balancing switch corresponding to the battery cell to be discharged is sent from the IC control circuit 123 to the discharge control circuit 132.
  • the IC control circuit 123 receives a discharge time command corresponding to each of the battery cells BC1 to BC4 from the microcomputer 30 by communication, and outputs a command signal corresponding to the discharge time to the discharge control circuit 132. Execute.
  • the communication system 602 and the 1-bit communication system 604 are provided between the cell controller IC1 and the cell controller IC2.
  • a communication command from the microcomputer 30 is input to the communication system 602 through the photocoupler PH, and is received by the reception terminal LIN1 of the cell controller IC1 through the communication system 602.
  • From the transmission terminal LIN2 of the cell controller IC1 data and commands corresponding to the communication command are transmitted to the cell controller IC2 and received by the reception terminal LIN1 of the cell controller IC2.
  • reception and transmission are performed in order between the cell controllers IC1 and IC2.
  • a transmission signal from the cell controller IC2 is transmitted from the transmission terminal LIN2 of the cell controller IC2, and is received by the reception terminal of the microcomputer 30 via the photocoupler PH.
  • the cell controller IC1 and the cell controller IC2 perform measurement data such as cell voltage to the microcomputer 30 and the balancing operation described above according to the received communication command. Furthermore, the cell controllers IC1 and IC2 detect cell overcharge based on the measured cell voltage. The detection result (abnormal signal) is transmitted from the cell controllers IC1 and IC2 to the microcomputer 30 via the 1-bit communication system 604.
  • each cell controller IC is provided with ESD protection diodes D1 and D2 as shown in FIG. 3, for example, corresponding to the voltage detection lines SL1 to SL5. . These diodes are usually provided in such a direction that no current flows.
  • FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of a battery control apparatus 100 according to a conventional example.
  • the battery module 20 includes three cell groups 101 to 103 each having four battery cells.
  • An example is shown in which cell groups 101 to 103 are respectively controlled by provided cell controllers IC1 to IC3.
  • BC1 to BC12 in the cell groups 101 to 103 indicate single cell batteries (battery cells) such as lithium single cells
  • SL1 to SL13 are voltages for detecting terminal voltages of the battery cells BC1 to BC12. Each detection line is shown.
  • CN1 is a connector for connecting the voltage detection lines SL1 to SL13 to the battery control device 100. Via this connector CN1, cell groups 101 to 103 provided in the battery module 20 and cell controllers IC1 to IC3 for controlling the cell groups 101 to 103, respectively, are connected.
  • the voltage detection lines SL1 to SL13 are connected to wiring circuits such as a protection circuit and a noise countermeasure capacitor and resistor, but are not shown in FIG.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 are integrated circuits having a function of measuring cell voltages of the battery cell cells BC1 to BC12 included in the cell groups 101 to 103. Each of these cell controller ICs incorporates a power supply terminal for inputting the voltage VCC, a GND terminal, ESD protection diodes D1 and D2, and the like. Furthermore, each cell controller IC1 to IC3 has a charge pump (CP) 104 for outputting a predetermined voltage VDDU using the voltage VCC, and an abnormality when a measurement result of each cell voltage or overcharge or overdischarge is detected.
  • a communication unit 105 for transmitting and receiving signals and the like, and a wakeup circuit (wakeup) 106 for activating the upper cell controller are provided. The communication unit 105 corresponds to the transmission input circuits 138 and 142 and the transmission output circuits 140 and 143 in FIG. 3, and the wake-up circuit 106 corresponds to the activation circuit 147 in FIG.
  • the wiring circuits 201 and 204 are connected to the microcomputer 30 which is a host controller through an insulating element (for example, the photocoupler PH in FIG. 2).
  • the wiring circuits 202 and 203 are communication paths that connect the cell controllers IC1 and IC2 and the cell controllers IC2 and IC3, respectively. Signals are transmitted and received between the microcomputer 30 and the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 via these wiring circuits 201 to 204. For example, when a cell voltage measurement request from the microcomputer 30 is transmitted to the cell controller IC1 via the wiring circuit 201, the cell controller IC1 measures each cell voltage of the corresponding battery cells BC1 to BC4 in response to the request.
  • the measurement result is transmitted to the cell controller IC2 via the wiring circuit 202.
  • the cell voltages of the corresponding battery cells BC 5 to BC 8 are measured, and the measurement results are transmitted to the cell controller IC 3 via the wiring circuit 203.
  • the next cell controller IC 3 measures the cell voltages of the corresponding battery cells BC 9 to BC 12 and transmits the measurement results to the microcomputer 30 via the wiring circuit 204.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 notify the microcomputer 30 of this through the same communication path as described above.
  • the microcomputer 30 can obtain the cell voltages of the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 connected to each other in a so-called daisy chain connection and the overcharge and overdischarge information of the cell voltages through the wiring circuits 201 to 204.
  • the communication paths formed by the wiring circuits 201 to 204 correspond to the communication system 602 and the 1-bit communication system 604 in FIG.
  • C1 to C3 indicate bypass capacitors for stabilizing the voltages of the cell controllers IC1 to IC3.
  • EP1 and EP2 provided on the communication paths 202 and 203 between the cell controller ICs are circuits for limiting current, and are configured by electronic components such as resistors and capacitors.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 are activated when a predetermined voltage is applied to the wakeup circuit 106.
  • the wiring circuit 303 is connected to the microcomputer 30 that is a host controller through an insulating element (for example, a photocoupler).
  • the wakeup circuit 106 activates the cell controller IC3.
  • the charge pump 104 in the cell controller IC3 generates a predetermined voltage VDDU higher than the voltage VCC and outputs it to the wake-up circuit 106 of the cell controller IC2.
  • the wakeup circuit 106 activates the cell controller IC2 using the potential difference between VDDU and VCC.
  • the charge pump 104 in the cell controller IC2 generates a predetermined voltage VDDU, similar to that in the cell controller IC3, and outputs it to the wakeup circuit 106 of the cell controller IC1.
  • the wake-up circuit 106 activates the cell controller IC1 using the potential difference between VDDU and VCC, as in the above-described cell controller IC2.
  • the order in which the terminals are connected at the time of connector joining cannot be controlled. Therefore, when the battery module 20 in a charged state and the battery control device 100 are hot-connected by the connector CN1, the battery cells BC1 to BC12 of the battery module 20 and the voltage detection lines SL1 to SL13 of the battery control device 100 are connected to each other. Depending on the order of connection, the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 in the battery control device 100 may be damaged for the following reasons.
  • the charging current I1 flows from the voltage detection line SL2 to the voltage detection line SL13 via the ESD diode D1 and the bypass capacitors C1 to C3 in the cell controller IC1. .
  • the charging current I1 exceeds the allowable current of the diode D1 in the cell controller IC1, the cell controller IC1 is damaged.
  • the magnitude of the charging current I1 depends on the capacitance values of the bypass capacitors C1 to C3 and the voltage difference between the voltage detection lines SL2 and SL13. Capacitance values of the bypass capacitors C1 to C3 tend to increase in order to increase inverter noise resistance in a system equipped with an inverter such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. For this reason, the charging current I1 also tends to increase.
  • the voltage difference between the voltage detection lines SL2 and SL13 increases according to the number of battery cells connected in series in the battery module 20, and this depends on the number of cell controller IC connections. Therefore, as the number of battery cells connected in series increases, the voltage difference increases and the charging current I1 increases.
  • FIG. 5 shows a configuration example of the battery control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wiring GNDL connected to the GND terminal of the cell controller IC1 is connected to the terminals CN1-5 provided in the connector CN1 in order to solve the problem described in the conventional example.
  • the wiring VCCL connected to the VCC terminal of the cell controller IC2 is connected to terminals CN1-5A provided as auxiliary connection members (pins) in the connector CN1.
  • these terminals CN1-5 and CN1-5A are connected to the voltage detection line SL5 connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell BC4 and the positive electrode of the battery cell BC5 at the electrical connection point 1 provided outside the battery control device 100.
  • the wiring to the terminal CN1-5 that is common between the cell controller IC1 and the cell controller IC2 is the same as the wiring GNDL on the cell controller IC1 side in this embodiment shown in FIG. It is separated into two lines VCCL on the cell controller IC2 side.
  • the wiring GNDL is connected to the terminal CN1-5, and a terminal CN1-5A is newly provided in the connector CN1 to connect the wiring VCCL thereto.
  • the wiring GNDL connected to the GND terminal of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring VCCL connected to the VCC terminal of the cell controller IC3 are also connected to the terminals CN1-9 provided in the connector CN1 and the connector CN1.
  • These terminals CN1-9 and CN1-9A are connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell BC8 and the positive electrode of the battery cell BC9 at the electrical connection point 2 provided outside the battery control device 100. Connected to. That is, in the conventional example shown in FIG.
  • the wiring to the terminals CN1-9 which was common between the cell controller IC2 and the cell controller IC3, is connected to the wiring GNDL on the cell controller IC2 side in this embodiment shown in FIG. And the wiring VCCL on the cell controller IC3 side. Then, the wiring GNDL is connected to the terminal CN1-9, and a terminal CN1-9A is newly provided in the connector CN1, and the wiring VCCL is connected thereto.
  • the charging current I1 is supplied to the bypass capacitor C1 in the battery control device 100 through the path indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. Try to flow.
  • the bypass capacitor C1 and the bypass capacitors C2 and C3 are not electrically connected in the battery control device 100, so that the bypass capacitors C1 to C3 are used.
  • the charging current I1 does not flow to the voltage detection line SL13.
  • the voltage detection line SL5 and the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 are not connected, the charging current I1 does not flow to the voltage detection line SL5. As a result, the charging current I1 does not flow in FIG.
  • the cell controller IC2 Charging current flows from the wiring VCCL to the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2 via the bypass capacitor C2. Thereafter, when the voltage detection line SL2 is further connected to the battery control device 100, a charging current flows from the voltage detection line SL2 to the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 via the diode D1 and the bypass capacitor C1 in the cell controller IC1.
  • the voltage detection line SL13 When the voltage detection line SL13 is connected to the battery control device 100, a charging current flows from the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC3 to the voltage detection line SL13 via the bypass capacitor C3.
  • the charging current can be suppressed as compared with the conventional example. Therefore, in the battery control device 100 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the charging current corresponding to the voltage corresponding to the number of battery cells included in each of the cell groups 101 to 103 (four in the configuration example of FIG. 5) is obtained.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 may be designed so as not to break down.
  • the battery control device 100 of the present embodiment as shown in FIG. 5, there is a case where a problem of noise superimposition on the communication waveform may occur. That is, when noise from the power conversion device 9 or the like is superimposed on the voltage detection line SL5, the noise is connected to the electrical connection point 1 provided outside the battery control device 100 or the terminals CN1-5 and CN1 of the connector CN1. The signal is transmitted to the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC2 via ⁇ 5A.
  • each communication unit 105 of the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 operates with reference to the potential VCC of the wiring VCCL and the potential GND of the wiring GNDL. Therefore, when noise is superimposed on these wirings, the output from each communication unit 105 Noise is superimposed on the signal waveform. As a result, problems such as poor communication may occur between the microcomputer 30 and the cell controllers IC1 to IC3.
  • a start failure may occur in the cell controllers IC1 to IC3.
  • the battery module 20 and the connector CN1 are connected by a wire such as a harness, disconnection is likely to occur.
  • the GND potential of the cell controller IC1 becomes lower than the original value by the voltage of the diode D2 and the battery cell BC4.
  • the drop voltage of the diode D2 is 0.7V
  • the voltage of the battery cell BC4 is 3.0V
  • the potential difference between the voltage VDDU output from the charge pump 104 of the cell controller IC2 and the voltage VCC in the cell controller IC1 is 3.3 V
  • the operating voltage of the wakeup circuit 106 of the cell controller IC1 is 1.4 V or more.
  • the wake-up circuit 106 of the cell controller IC1 is connected to the potential difference between VDDU and VCC described above with reference to the GND potential of the cell controller IC1. A voltage of 3V is applied. Therefore, the wakeup circuit 106 operates and the cell controller IC1 is activated.
  • the wakeup circuit 106 of the cell controller IC1 receives the above diode from the potential difference between VDDU and VCC with reference to the GND potential of the cell controller IC1.
  • the voltage applied to the wake-up circuit 106 at the time of disconnection is ⁇ 0.4V, which is less than the operating voltage of 1.4V. Therefore, in this case, the wakeup circuit 106 does not operate and the cell controller IC1 cannot be activated.
  • the voltage VDDU output from the charge pump 104 of cell controller IC2 becomes low by the voltage of diode D1 and battery cell BC5. Therefore, as in the case where the portion indicated by A is disconnected, the voltage applied to the wake-up circuit 106 of the cell controller IC 1 at this time is obtained from the equation (1), and ⁇ 0. 4V. Therefore, the cell controller IC1 cannot be activated without the wakeup circuit 106 operating.
  • FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the battery control apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrical connection between the wirings between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC2 and between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC3.
  • Each switch SW is provided for switching the general connection state.
  • Each switch SW makes a connection (open) state between the corresponding wiring GNDL and the wiring VCCL when the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100 are hot-connected. Then, the switch SW is switched after the live connection, and the corresponding wiring GNDL and the wiring VCCL are connected (short-circuited).
  • the switch SW is opened at the time of live connection, the same effect as described in the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, it is possible to suppress the charging current flowing through the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 when the live line is connected, and to prevent the cell controller IC from being damaged.
  • the wiring VCCL and the wiring GNDL are short-circuited by the switch SW after the live connection, noise superimposition on the communication waveform as described in the first embodiment can be prevented. That is, the noise superimposed on the voltage detection lines SL5 and SL9 is connected to the electrical connection points 1 and 2 provided outside the battery control device 100 and the terminals CN1-5, CN1-5A, CN1-9 and CN1 of the connector CN1. Propagation to the wiring VCCL and the wiring GNDL via 9A can be prevented, and adverse effects on the signal waveform output from the communication unit 105 can be suppressed.
  • the wiring VCCL and the wiring GNDL are short-circuited after the live connection, it is possible to prevent the start-up failure at the time of disconnection in the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 as described in the first embodiment. That is, as described with reference to FIG. 5, for example, even if at least one of the parts indicated by reference signs A and B in FIG. 6 is disconnected, the corresponding switch SW causes the wiring GNDL and the cell of the cell controller IC1 to be connected. The connection state between the wirings VCCL of the controller IC2 can be maintained. Therefore, the GND potential of the cell controller IC1 does not change compared to the case where it is not disconnected.
  • the wakeup circuit 106 in the cell controller IC1 can be operated to start the cell controller IC1.
  • the corresponding switch SW similarly causes a connection between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC3. The connection state of can be maintained. Therefore, by using the voltage VDDU output from the charge pump 104 of the cell controller IC3, the wakeup circuit 106 in the cell controller IC2 can be operated to start the cell controller IC2.
  • the high voltage is applied to the cell controller IC in the battery control device 100 when the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100 are connected by the configuration and operation as described above. While reliably preventing destruction, it is possible to improve noise resistance and the startup performance of the cell controller IC at the time of disconnection. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable battery control device.
  • a mechanical switch can be used as the switch SW.
  • the mechanical switch connects or opens two contacts according to the mechanical operation of the operator, and includes, for example, a toggle switch, a push button switch, a switch using a short bar, and the like.
  • the switch SW is turned off when the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100 are hot-connected, and the operator operates the switch SW after the connection. And turn it on.
  • the wiring VCCL and the wiring GNDL adjacent to each other can be connected via the switch SW, and the configuration and operation of the above-described embodiment can be realized.
  • the switch SW for example, an electrical switch that can connect or open two contacts according to an electrical signal, such as a relay or a transistor, may be used.
  • an electrical switch is provided in the battery control device 100 as the switch SW, the switch SW is automatically switched from OFF to ON after the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100 are hot-wired and adjacent to each other.
  • the switch SW is provided between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC2, and between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC3.
  • An FET is provided.
  • the voltage VDDU output from each charge pump 104 of the cell controllers IC2 and IC3 is connected to the gate of each FET.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 are not activated, and the charge pump 104 is in a non-operating state. Therefore, the voltage VDDU is not applied to the gate of each FET, and each FET is in an OFF state.
  • the activation signal is input to the cell controller IC3 from the microcomputer 30 that is the host controller via the wiring circuit 303 after the live line connection, the charge pump 104 of the cell controller IC3 operates to output the voltage VDDU.
  • the voltage VDDU is applied as an electrical signal from the cell controller IC3 to the gate of the FET disposed between the cell controller IC2 and the cell controller IC3, and the FET is turned on.
  • the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC3 and the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2 are connected. Further, the voltage VDDU is also applied to the wakeup circuit 106 of the cell controller IC2, and the wakeup circuit 106 operates to activate the cell controller IC2. When the cell controller IC2 is activated in this way, the charge pump 104 of the cell controller IC2 operates to output the voltage VDDU. As a result, the voltage VDDU is applied as an electrical signal from the cell controller IC2 to the gate of the FET disposed between the cell controller IC1 and the cell controller IC2, and the FET is turned on.
  • the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 are connected.
  • the voltage VDDU is also applied to the wakeup circuit 106 of the cell controller IC1, and the wakeup circuit 106 operates to activate the cell controller IC1.
  • each FET is OFF when the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100 are connected to the live line. Therefore, the charging current flowing through the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 is suppressed to prevent the cell controller IC from being damaged. be able to. In addition, since each FET is switched ON after the live line connection, it is possible to prevent noise superimposition on the communication waveforms in the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 and activation failure at the time of disconnection.
  • the switch SW is provided between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC2, and between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC3.
  • a PNP-type bipolar transistor PNP is provided.
  • An NPN bipolar transistor NPN is provided between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 and the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2, and between the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC3.
  • Voltage regulators RG are provided in the cell controllers IC1 to IC3, respectively, and outputs from the regulators RG of the cell controllers IC2 and IC3 are connected to the bases of the corresponding transistors NPN.
  • Voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 are provided between the collector of each transistor NPN and the wiring GNDL, and the base of each transistor PNP is connected between these voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2. With such a configuration, the voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 is input to the base of each transistor PNP.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 are not activated and the regulator RG is inactive, so the transistor NPN is in the OFF state. Further, since the transistor NPN is in the OFF state, the transistor PNP is also in the OFF state.
  • the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 are activated and connected to the regulator RG after the live connection, a predetermined voltage is output as an electric signal from each regulator RG of the cell controllers IC2 and IC3 to the base of each transistor NPN. Is switched from OFF to ON.
  • the voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 is output to the base of each transistor PNP, and each transistor PNP is switched from the OFF state to the ON state.
  • the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC2 and the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 are connected.
  • each transistor PNP When the above operation is performed, each transistor PNP is OFF when the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100 are connected to the live line. Therefore, the charging current flowing through the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 is suppressed and the cell controller IC is damaged. Can be prevented. Further, since each transistor PNP is switched ON after the live connection, it is possible to prevent noise superimposition on the communication waveforms in the cell controllers IC1 to IC3 and start-up failure at the time of disconnection.
  • the wakeup circuit 106 is activated using the output voltage VDDU of the charge pump 104 and each FET is turned on.
  • the current supply capability of the charge pump 104 is insufficient. If this is the case, these operations may take time or become inoperable.
  • the voltage VCC from the battery module 20 is directly input to the regulator RG and is used to turn on the transistor PNP. Therefore, the current supply to the transistor PNP and the wakeup circuit 106 The current supply to the power supply can be dispersed, and a shortage of current supply can be avoided.
  • the case of a mechanical switch or an electrical switch has been described as an example of the switch SW.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and other switches such as a magnetic switch are used. Also good. Further, mechanical switches and electrical switches other than those given as examples may be used.
  • the circuit configuration for turning on the electrical switch is not limited to that illustrated in FIGS. Any circuit configuration may be used as long as the wiring VCCL and the wiring GNDL that are adjacent to each other are short-circuited after the battery module 20 and the battery control device 100 are hot-wired.
  • FIG. 9 parts representing the same components as those in FIGS. 4 to 8 are given the same reference numerals.
  • the description which overlaps with a prior art example and 1st and 2nd embodiment about this part is abbreviate
  • FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of the battery control device 100 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the voltage detection line SL5 is connected from the electrical connection point 1 to the terminals CN1-5 and CN1-5A of the connector CN1, and the voltage detection line SL9 is connected from the electrical connection point 2 to the connector.
  • the terminals CN1-9 and CN1-9A of CN1 are wired using a twisted pair cable.
  • Other components are the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the noise-resistant cable referred to here is a cable with high noise-resistant performance in which noise countermeasures are taken. For example, there is a shielded cable in addition to the twisted pair cable.
  • the wiring GNDL of the cell controller IC1 and the wiring VCCL of the cell controller IC2 are resistant.
  • noise resistant cables may be used for wirings other than the voltage detection lines SL5 and SL9.
  • the number of series of cell controller ICs of the present invention is not limited to this. Absent.
  • a plurality of cell controller ICs may be arranged in series and parallel. As long as at least two or more cell controller ICs are arranged in series or series-parallel according to the arrangement of the cell groups in the battery module 20, the present invention can be used regardless of the number of series or series-parallel. Can be applied.
  • a general general-purpose connector can be used as the connector CN1. Therefore, the battery control device 100 according to the present invention as described in each embodiment can be realized at low cost.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil de commande de batterie qui commande un module de batterie dans lequel une pluralité de groupes d'éléments sont connectés en série ou en série parallèle, chacun desdits groupes d'éléments comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de batterie connectés en série. L'appareil de commande de batterie comprend : une pluralité de circuits intégrés (CI) de commande d'élément qui commandent respectivement les groupes d'éléments; et un ou plusieurs connecteurs, qui sont utilisés pour connecter les CI de commande d'élément au module de batterie. Les CI de commande d'élément comprennent un premier CI de commande d'élément et un second CI de commande d'élément. Un organe de connexion auxiliaire (broche) est utilisé pour connecter l'un à l'autre, à l'extérieur de l'appareil de commande de batterie, un câblage côté borne GND du premier CI de commande d'élément et un câblage côté borne VCC du second CI de commande d'élément, et un interrupteur est placé entre le câblage côté borne GND du premier CI de commande d'élément et le câblage côté borne VCC du second CI de commande d'élément.
PCT/JP2011/070392 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 Appareil de commande de batterie, appareil de stockage électrique et véhicule WO2013035176A1 (fr)

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