WO2013027529A1 - 割り込み処理に起因する異常動作の検知 - Google Patents
割り込み処理に起因する異常動作の検知 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013027529A1 WO2013027529A1 PCT/JP2012/068896 JP2012068896W WO2013027529A1 WO 2013027529 A1 WO2013027529 A1 WO 2013027529A1 JP 2012068896 W JP2012068896 W JP 2012068896W WO 2013027529 A1 WO2013027529 A1 WO 2013027529A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/20—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus
- G06F13/24—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using interrupt
- G06F13/26—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using interrupt with priority control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/0703—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
- G06F11/0706—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation the processing taking place on a specific hardware platform or in a specific software environment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/0703—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
- G06F11/0751—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/0703—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
- G06F11/0751—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy
- G06F11/0754—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy by exceeding limits
- G06F11/0757—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy by exceeding limits by exceeding a time limit, i.e. time-out, e.g. watchdogs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multiple interrupt system, and more specifically to detection of an abnormal operation caused by interrupt processing in the multiple interrupt system.
- WDT watchdog timer
- the system may not operate normally even if WDT does not time out (expire).
- WDT does not time out
- there are various causes of abnormal operations there are many abnormal operations related to interrupt processing, and in the case of a multiple interrupt system, automatic recovery and cause analysis are often difficult.
- the WDT is reset by a timer interrupt (or by all interrupts).
- the WDT can only confirm that the CPU (and its surrounding H / W) is operating. That is, it is confirmation that the peripheral circuit has issued an interrupt request and the CPU has accepted it. At this time, it is not confirmed whether the system can perform the expected operation.
- Published Patent Publication No. 62-175840 discloses a data processing system that executes a plurality of processing programs according to the level between executions of the processing program of the highest level (execution priority).
- a plurality of WDTs having different overflow values depending on the level of the processing program and reset after the completion of execution of the corresponding processing program are provided, and the data processing system is configured based on the overflow of any one of the WDTs. Detect failure.
- Published Patent Publication No. 10-275097 discloses a data processing system that executes a plurality of processing programs based on priorities according to levels.
- a plurality of WDTs respectively corresponding to a plurality of processing programs are arranged, and the occurrence of runaway of the data processing system is detected based on the overflow of the plurality of WDTs.
- Patent Document 1 The data processing system of Patent Document 1 is premised on the execution of the highest level processing program activated by a timer, and interrupt processing between lower levels than the highest level, or a plurality of processing programs assigned to one level. There is no support for interrupt handling, etc. Also, there is no disclosure about the start timing of WDT.
- the object of the present invention is due to interrupt processing even when a plurality of interrupts having different priorities occur in parallel or when a plurality of interrupts occur at one level (priority) in parallel. It is possible to perform multiple interrupt processing that can detect abnormal operations.
- the present invention provides a method for detecting an abnormal operation caused by interrupt processing in a multiple interrupt system.
- the method includes the steps of preparing a WDT having a predetermined timeout value for each interrupt priority, starting each WDT when an interrupt request with a corresponding priority is received, and at least one WDT times out.
- a controller for controlling interrupt processing in a multiple interrupt system is provided.
- the controller is provided for each interrupt priority, receives a plurality of WDTs each having a predetermined timeout value and an interrupt request signal from the device, and activates the corresponding WDT according to the priority of each interrupt request signal.
- an interrupt processing circuit for outputting to the processor an interrupt request signal having a priority level at least one level higher than the priority corresponding to the WDT when at least one WDT times out. ing.
- the interrupt processing circuit gives priority to an interrupt request signal caused by a time-out of WDT at a lower level than the priority. It is configured to detect that an abnormal operation has occurred in the interrupt processing of the lower level priority.
- the present invention when there are a plurality of interrupts having the same or different interrupt priorities, it is possible to detect at which priority the interrupt processing is abnormal. Further, according to the present invention, it has been found that priority is given to an interrupt request due to a timeout of a lower-level priority WDT, in other words, when interrupt processing is started (interrupt processing at lower priority is not started). (Time) Since the abnormality of the interrupt process is detected, it is possible to improve the accuracy (accuracy) of the abnormality detection as compared with the detection at the time of the conventional WDT timeout.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a flow of a method for detecting an abnormal operation caused by interrupt processing in a multiple interrupt system. Note that this method can be basically implemented by hardware using a controller for controlling the interrupt processing of the present invention, which will be described later, but does not exclude implementation by a program (software). Needless to say, it may be implemented.
- step S11 a plurality of WDTs are prepared.
- Each WDT is configured to have a predetermined timeout value for each interrupt priority (level).
- the predetermined timeout value is set according to the priority and the interrupt factor.
- the interrupt factor means the contents to be processed by the CPU such as the program to be processed and various input / outputs via the I / O.
- the timeout value is set shorter as the interrupt priority increases.
- step S12 the WDT having the priority for which an interrupt request has been made is activated when the interrupt request is received.
- the corresponding WDT is activated when the first interrupt request is made.
- the activated WDT is reset when an interrupt of that priority is accepted, that is, when the corresponding interrupt request is accepted and the interrupt processing is started by the processor (at the start of execution of the interrupt handler).
- step S13 it is determined whether or not at least one WDT has timed out (expire). Specifically, it is determined whether or not the WDT count value has reached or exceeded a predetermined timeout value (overflow). If this determination is No, the interrupt request has been processed smoothly, so that the process returns to step S12 and waits for the next interrupt request.
- step S14 an interrupt request having a priority (higher) that is at least one level higher than the priority of the time-out WDT is accepted.
- the upper WDT is activated.
- the priority to be selected may be not only one level above the time-out WDT but also two or more levels.
- the priority selected is not limited to one, and a plurality of priorities of two or more may be selected. That is, in step S14 for accepting an interrupt request, it is possible to accept interrupt requests having a plurality of priorities that are at least one level higher than the priority corresponding to the WDT.
- step S14 when a plurality of interrupt factors are assigned to one of the interrupt priorities, priority is given to an interrupt request resulting from a timeout of WDT at a lower level than the priority. For example, even if there are a plurality of interrupt factors of level N priority, if there is a time-out of WDT with a priority of (N-1) level below, the priority of the (N-1) level The interrupt request is prioritized (assuming it is a new N level) and interrupted. The reason why this mechanism is employed is to detect that an abnormal operation has occurred in the interrupt processing at the priority level of the lower level (in the above example, (N-1) level) in step S16 described later.
- step S15 it is determined whether or not at least one higher priority WDT selected in step S14 has timed out (expires). Specifically, as in step S13, it is determined whether or not the WDT count value is equal to or greater than a predetermined timeout value (overflow).
- step S15 determines whether at least one higher priority interrupt request selected in step S14 is accepted and the interrupt processing proceeds smoothly.
- step S16 the lower priority An interrupt error is detected.
- priority is given to the interrupt request caused by the timeout of the lower-level priority WDT, in other words, when the interrupt processing is started (interrupt processing at the lower priority level may not be started).
- the accuracy (accuracy) of the abnormality detection is improved as compared with the detection at the time of timeout of the conventional WDT, as is clear from the description of each embodiment described later. Is possible.
- step S17 it is determined in step S17 whether or not the WDT corresponding to the highest priority interrupt has timed out (expire). Specifically, as in step S13, it is determined whether or not the WDT count value is equal to or greater than a predetermined timeout value (overflow). If this determination is No, the process returns to step S14, and an interrupt request with a priority (higher) that is at least one level higher than the priority of the WDT timed out in step S15 is accepted. At the same time, the upper WDT is activated.
- step S17 If the determination in step S17 is Yes, the system is reset in step S18. This system reset detects an abnormality in interrupt processing.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration that is an embodiment of the controller 100.
- the controller 100 is configured as part of a multiple interrupt system or as an external controller.
- the configuration of the priority levels of three interrupts (levels L1, L2, and L3) is shown as an example. However, this is merely an example, and any priority level of 4 or more is used. Can be expanded by increasing each component described below.
- the controller 100 includes priority selectors 11, 12, 13, priority lines L 1, L 2, L 3, WDTs 21, 22, 23, and an interrupt processing circuit 31.
- the outputs of the priority selectors 11, 12, and 13 are connected to priority lines L1, L2, and L3, respectively.
- the priority selectors 11, 12, and 13 receive the interrupt request signals R1, R2, and R3 from each device (not shown), and send them to the corresponding priority lines L1, L2, and L3 according to the priority of each interrupt request signal.
- Each request signal is output. More specifically, the priority selectors 11, 12, and 13 distribute the request signals to priorities set in advance according to the interrupt factors included in the interrupt request signals R 1, R 2, and R 3. This request signal also serves as an activation signal for the WDTs 21, 22, and 23.
- the number of priority selectors is not limited to three and may be any number of at least two.
- WDT 21 is a WDT corresponding to the priority L1, its input is connected to the priority line L1, and its output is connected to the priority line L2.
- the WDT 21 has a predetermined timeout value T1.
- the predetermined timeout value is set according to the priority and the interrupt factor as already described in step S11 of FIG.
- WDTs 22 and 23 are WDTs corresponding to the priorities L2 and L3, respectively, and each input is connected to the priority lines L2 and L3.
- the output of WDT 22 is connected to priority line L3.
- the output of the WDT 23 is output as a signal for resetting the system, as will be described later.
- the WDTs 22 and 23 have predetermined timeout values T2 and T3, respectively. In the example of FIG.
- Each WDT is reset by a reset signal RS1 from the CPU or another reset circuit (not shown) when the corresponding interrupt request is sent to the CPU and the interrupt processing is started.
- the WDT having the highest interrupt priority among the WDTs is configured to output a signal for resetting the system to a built-in CPU or an external reset circuit (not shown) when it times out.
- a system reset signal RS2 is output. This system reset detects an abnormality in interrupt processing.
- the interrupt processing circuit 31 receives the interrupt request signals RL1, RL2, and RL3 assigned with priority from the priority lines L1, L2, and L3, and selectively transmits the interrupt request signal to the CPU.
- selective transmission means that, when outputting an interrupt request signal, the output of another interrupt request signal having a priority level equal to or lower than the corresponding priority level is suppressed. For example, when outputting an interrupt request signal having a priority level (N-1), except for an interrupt request signal having a higher priority level N or higher, other interrupt request signals having a priority level (N-1) or lower. Suppress output.
- the interrupt processing circuit 31 is configured to output, to the processor, an interrupt request signal having a priority level at least one level higher than the priority level corresponding to the WDT when at least one WDT times out. For example, in FIG. 2, when the WDT 21 times out, the request signal RL2 from the higher priority line L2 is selectively transmitted to the CPU. At this time, not only the request signal RL2 with the priority L2 but also the request signal RL3 with the priority L3 on the second level may be selected and transmitted. Alternatively, the two request signals RL2 and RL3 may be selected and transmitted sequentially.
- the interrupt processing circuit 31 is configured to prioritize an interrupt request signal caused by a time-out of a WDT at a lower level than the priority.
- the priority level L2 for example, R1 and R3
- the priority level L1 the priority level L1
- the interrupt request RL1 is given priority (assumed to be a request RL2 at the L2 level) and interrupted. The reason why this mechanism is employed is to detect that an abnormal operation has occurred in the interrupt processing with the priority of the lower level (level L1 in the above example).
- priority level N interrupt requests continue to be issued (abnormal operation)> (1)
- Interrupt requests with priority level (N-1) cannot be accepted indefinitely. Therefore, the priority level (N-1) WDT times out and an interrupt request with a higher priority level N is made. This priority level N interrupt request is accepted.
- the interrupt process corresponding to the time-out lower priority level WDT has the highest priority for a plurality of interrupt factors (including an interrupt request for abnormal operation). An abnormality is detected. Even if the priority order is wrongly determined, an abnormality is detected in the same manner as in the case of (2) of the second embodiment described below.
- Each interrupt process is processed normally, but there are more interrupt requests than the processing capacity of the CPU, so an interrupt process with a low priority level N is not performed (abnormal operation)> A priority level N interrupt request is not accepted, the WDT times out, and a priority level (N + 1) interrupt request is made. Thereafter, the operation is performed in the same manner as in the above embodiments, and an abnormality is detected.
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Abstract
Description
(1)優先度レベル(N-1)の割り込み要求は、無限に受け付けられない。このため、優先度レベル(N-1)のWDTはタイムアウトし、上位の優先度レベルNの割り込み要求が行われる。この優先度レベルNの割り込み要求は受け付けられる。その際、(異常動作の割り込み要求を含めて)複数の割り込み要因に対して、既に上述したように、タイムアウトした下位の優先度レベルのWDTに対応する割り込み処理が最優先されるので、割り込み処理の異常が検知される。仮に優先順位の判定を間違った場合でも、下記の実施例2の(1)の場合と同様に処理されて異常が検知される。
(1)優先度レベル(N-1)の割り込み要求は、無限に受け付けられない。このため、優先度レベル(N-1)のWDTはタイムアウトし、上位の優先度レベルNの割り込み要求を行う。優先度レベルNの割り込み要求も無限に受け付けられない。このため、優先度レベルNのWDTはタイムアウトし、上位の優先度レベル(N+1)の割り込み要求を行う。この優先度レベル(N+1)の割り込み要求は受け付けられるので、割り込み処理の異常が検知される。
優先度レベルNの割り込み要求が受け付けられず、WDTがタイムアウトし、優先度レベル(N+1)の割り込み要求が行われる。その後、上記各実施例の場合と同様に動作し、異常が検知される。
いずれかの優先度レベルのWDTがタイムアウトし、順次上位の優先度レベルの割り込み要求が行われる。最終的には、最上位のWDTがタイムアウトし、システムのリセットが行われて異常が検知される。システムのリセット以前に割り込みが許可された場合でも、その時点で最上位となっているWDTに対応する割り込みによって、異常が検知される。
21、22、23 WDT
31 割り込み処理回路
100 コントローラ
Claims (9)
- 多重割り込みシステムにおいて、割り込み処理に起因する異常動作を検知する方法であって、
割り込みの優先度毎に、所定のタイムアウト値を有するウォッチドッグタイマ(WDT)を準備するステップと、
各WDTを対応する優先度の割り込み要求があった時点で起動させるステップと、
少なくとも1つの前記WDTがタイムアウトした場合、当該WDTに対応する優先度よりも少なくとも1レベル以上高い優先度の割り込み要求を受け入れるステップと、を含み、
前記割り込み要求を受け入れるステップにおいて、前記割り込みの優先度の1つに複数の割り込み要因が割り当てられている場合、当該優先度よりも下位レベルのWDTのタイムアウトに起因する割り込み要求を優先させることにより、当該下位レベルの優先度の割り込み処理において異常動作があったことを検知する、方法。 - 前記各WDTを対応する優先度の割り込み要求があった時点で起動させるステップは、前記割り込みの優先度の1つに複数の割り込み要因が割り当てられている場合、当該割り込み要因中の最初の割り込み要求があった時点で対応するWDTを起動させるステップを含む、請求項1の方法。
- 各々の前記WDTを、対応する割り込み要求が受け入れられプロセッサによって当該割り込み処理が開始された時点でリセットするステップを含む、請求項1または2の方法。
- 前記割り込み要求を受け入れるステップは、前記WDTに対応する優先度よりも少なくとも1レベル以上高い複数の優先度の割り込み要求を受け入れる、請求項1~3のいずれか1項の方法。
- 前記優先度が最上位の割り込みに対応するWDTがタイムアウトした場合、前記システムをリセットするステップをさらに含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項の方法。
- 多重割り込みシステムにおいて、割り込み処理を制御するコントローラであって、
割り込みの優先度毎に設けられ、それぞれ所定のタイムアウト値を有する複数のウォッチドッグタイマ(WDT)と、
デバイスから割り込み要求信号を受け取り、各割り込み要求信号が有する優先度に応じて対応する前記WDTに起動信号を出力する割り込み優先度セレクタと、
少なくとも1つの前記WDTがタイムアウトした場合、当該WDTに対応する優先度よりも少なくとも1レベル以上高い優先度の割り込み要求信号をプロセッサへ出力する割り込み処理回路と、を備え、
前記割り込み処理回路は、前記割り込みの優先度の1つに複数の割り込み要因が割り当てられている場合、当該優先度よりも下位レベルのWDTのタイムアウトに起因する割り込み要求信号を優先させることにより、当該下位レベルの優先度の割り込み処理において異常動作があったことを検知するように構成されている、コントローラ。 - 前記割り込み処理回路は、前記割り込み要求信号の出力に際して、対応する優先度以下のレベルの優先度を有する他の割り込み要求信号の出力を抑制するように構成されている、請求項6のコントローラ。
- 各々の前記WDTは、対応する割り込み要求が受け入れられ前記プロセッサによって当該割り込み処理が開始された時点でリセットされる、請求項6または7のコントローラ。
- 前記割り込みの優先度が最上位のWDTがタイムアウトした場合、当該優先度が最上位のWDTは前記システムをリセットする信号を出力する、請求項6~8のいずれか1項のコントローラ。
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DE112012002647.0T DE112012002647B4 (de) | 2011-08-25 | 2012-07-25 | Erkennen eines durch Interrupt-Verarbeitung verursachten anormalen Betriebs |
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- 2012-07-25 GB GB1402735.3A patent/GB2508109B/en active Active
- 2012-07-25 JP JP2013529938A patent/JP5579935B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-07-25 CN CN201280041520.6A patent/CN103748563B/zh active Active
- 2012-07-25 US US14/239,832 patent/US9436627B2/en active Active
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9436627B2 (en) | 2011-08-25 | 2016-09-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Detection of abnormal operation caused by interrupt processing |
JP2017045303A (ja) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-02 | ファナック株式会社 | パソコン機能異常時の要因検出が可能な制御装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9436627B2 (en) | 2016-09-06 |
US20140181344A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
JPWO2013027529A1 (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
GB2508109A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
CN103748563B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
GB2508109B (en) | 2014-10-08 |
JP5579935B2 (ja) | 2014-08-27 |
DE112012002647T5 (de) | 2014-03-27 |
GB201402735D0 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
DE112012002647B4 (de) | 2019-05-09 |
CN103748563A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
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