WO2013023403A1 - 改性聚乙烯醇基膜及其制备方法和偏光片 - Google Patents

改性聚乙烯醇基膜及其制备方法和偏光片 Download PDF

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WO2013023403A1
WO2013023403A1 PCT/CN2011/080581 CN2011080581W WO2013023403A1 WO 2013023403 A1 WO2013023403 A1 WO 2013023403A1 CN 2011080581 W CN2011080581 W CN 2011080581W WO 2013023403 A1 WO2013023403 A1 WO 2013023403A1
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polyvinyl alcohol
based film
modified
nano
modified polyvinyl
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PCT/CN2011/080581
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐蕊
张维维
黄红青
黄俊杰
刘权
蔡荣茂
段惠芳
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深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US13/377,537 priority Critical patent/US20130045390A1/en
Publication of WO2013023403A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013023403A1/zh
Priority to US14/690,479 priority patent/US9290674B2/en
Priority to US15/015,153 priority patent/US20160145402A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/36Silica
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04Ingredients treated with organic substances
    • C08K9/06Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2329/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2329/02Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08J2329/04Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011Nanostructured additives

Definitions

  • Modified polyvinyl alcohol base film, preparation method thereof and polarizer Modified polyvinyl alcohol base film, preparation method thereof and polarizer
  • the present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol based film, and more particularly to a modified polyvinyl alcohol based film, a method of preparing the same, and a polarizer made of the modified polyvinyl alcohol based film.
  • Polarizer is one of the most important components in LCD displays. Its function is to convert natural light into polarized light, which is combined with the twist of liquid crystal molecules to control the passage of light and the presentation of color signals.
  • polarizers commonly used in LCDs are mostly made of highly oriented high polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) base films, which are dyed with various dyes having dichroism, at a certain humidity. After being extended at a temperature, a composite of a cellulose triacetate (TAC) film having high light transmittance, good water resistance and certain mechanical strength is compounded on both sides of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film. .
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • TAC cellulose triacetate
  • the iodine-based polarizer Compared with the polarizer obtained from the organic dichroic dye, the iodine-based polarizer has become the mainstream of the market LCD polarizer because of its polarizing characteristics in a wide region wavelength, high light transmittance and cost performance, but the polarizer Poor durability to heat and water. With the expansion of the application range of liquid crystal display devices, higher requirements have been placed on the durability of polarizing plates. Therefore, it is a technical difficulty to modify the PVA base film of the polarizer to develop an LCD polarizer excellent in optical performance and durability.
  • the iodine-based polarizer is obtained by swelling, immersing iodine and then uniaxially stretching the PVA base film, and then compounding a layer of TAC film on both sides of the PVA base film.
  • PVA is a linear high molecular polymer with a large number of strongly polar OH groups evenly distributed over a long molecular chain (Fig. 1), so it is hydrophilic, and has poor water resistance and stability.
  • the structure of the iodine molecule is easily destroyed under high temperature and high humidity, so that the iodine-based polarizer has poor heat and humidity resistance and mechanical properties, and generally can only meet the test conditions of 80 ° C x 500 Hr or 60 ° C x 90% RH x 500 Hr, and is prone to occur. Curling and peeling limit the scope of application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the molecular structure of a PVA base film of a conventional iodine-based polarizer, in which a TAC protective film of an iodine-based polarizer is not drawn, and a polyvinyl alcohol of a PVA base film is not shown.
  • the surface of the polymer 3 is uniformly distributed with a highly polar hydrophilic -OH group, and the structure of the iodine molecule 2 is easily destroyed under high temperature and high humidity, so the PVA base film of the iodine-based polarizer is under high temperature and high humidity conditions.
  • a common method for improving the durability of the PVA base film is to add a second component, that is, a substance which can crosslink with the hydrophilic group _OH in the PVA.
  • a second component that is, a substance which can crosslink with the hydrophilic group _OH in the PVA.
  • Chinese Patent Publication Nos. 1979231A and 101281267A both use a dicarboxylic acid and a boric acid to crosslink a PVA base film, but boric acid increases the toughness of the PVA base film and limits the PVA base film during the elongation process. Extension ratio.
  • Some people also sprayed silicon dioxide (&0 2 ) on the PVA base film by vacuum coating or ion plating to improve the moisture and heat resistance of the PVA base film, but the silica coating method is costly and also It causes a problem of poor compatibility of the silica and the PVA base film.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing a modified polyvinyl alcohol based film.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a modified polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and the preparation steps include:
  • the fluorosilicone is selected from the group consisting of dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane, dodecafluoroheptylpropylmethyldimethoxysilane, tetra-methyl-( One or more mixtures of perfluorohexylethyl)propyltrimethoxysilane and tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, the mass of the fluorosilicone added being the nano-silica 33 ⁇ 40% of the quality;
  • the carboxylic acid anionic fluorocarbon surfactant has a molecular formula of RF-CH 2 -COOH, wherein R represents a carbon chain of C 6 to C 1Q , and the modified second is added Silicon oxide powder
  • the mass is 4% to 8% of the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer.
  • the method for preparing a modified polyvinyl alcohol-based film is characterized in that the particle size of the nano-silica in the step (1) is between 35 and 45 nm. between.
  • the surfactant in the step (2), is added in a mass of 0.2% to 0.3% by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a modified polyvinyl alcohol-based film, the steps comprising:
  • the polyvinyl alcohol polymer composite solution prepared in the step (2) is cast on the surface of the cast substrate, and the constant weight is vacuum dried to obtain a modified polyvinyl alcohol base film.
  • the method for preparing the modified polyvinyl alcohol-based film the specific steps include:
  • the polyvinyl alcohol polymer composite solution prepared in the step (2) is cast on the surface of the cast substrate, and dried under vacuum at 80 ° C to 90 ° C to a constant weight to obtain a modified polyvinyl alcohol base film. .
  • the fluorosilicone in the step (1) is selected from the group consisting of: dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane, dodecafluoroheptylpropylmethyldimethoxysilane, One or more mixtures of tetramethyl-(perfluorohexylethyl)propyltrimethoxysilane and tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane.
  • the purity standard of the nano silica in the step (1) is analytically pure, and the particle size is between 35 and 45 nanometers (nm).
  • the mass of the fluorosilane added in the step (1) is 33 to 40% by mass of the nano silica.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol polymer in the step (2) has a degree of polymerization of 4,000 and an alcoholysis degree of 98%.
  • the modified silica powder is added in an amount of 4% to 8% by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer.
  • the step (2) further comprises a carboxylic acid anionic fluorocarbon surfactant having a molecular formula of RF-CH 2 -COOH, wherein R represents C 6 to C 1 () Carbon chain.
  • the added surfactant has a mass of 0.2% to 0.3% by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a modified polyvinyl alcohol based film obtained by the above process.
  • the present invention discloses the following technical solution - a modified polyvinyl alcohol based film comprising a polyvinyl alcohol polymer, a nano silica group and a fluorosilane group,
  • the modified polyvinyl alcohol based film has the following formula -
  • the A group represents a fluorosilicone group selected from the group consisting of dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane, dodecafluoroheptylpropylmethyldimethoxysilane, tetra-methyl- One or more mixtures of (perfluorohexylethyl)propyltrimethoxysilane and tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane;
  • the B group represents a nanosilica group.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol polymer is bonded with an iodine molecule by iodine liquid dyeing, wherein the nano silica group to which the fluorosilicone group is attached is coated An outer layer of a polyvinyl alcohol polymer and an iodine molecule.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a polarizer made of the above modified polyvinyl alcohol based film.
  • a polarizer comprising: the above modified polyvinyl alcohol based film; and a protective film attached to one or both surfaces of the polarizing film,
  • the protective film is, for example, a cellulose triacetate (TAC) film.
  • TAC cellulose triacetate
  • the low surface energy fluorine-containing group migrates and accumulates to the surface of the PVA base film during heating, so that the PVA base film has excellent water and oil resistance and corrosion resistance, and the bond energy of the CF bond is large, and The carbon skeleton outer layer is arranged very tightly, so that the fluoropolymer has excellent thermal stability.
  • the nano-silica has high hardness, high strength, high toughness and good stability at high temperature, and combines with the polymer chain of PVA to form a three-dimensional network, thereby greatly improving the mechanical strength, elasticity and wear resistance of the PVA base film. Sex.
  • nano-silica grafted with a long-chain fluorine-containing silicon group is coated on the outer layer of the easily destructible iodine molecule to protect the iodine molecule and improve the mechanical stability of the PVA polarizing film.
  • Fluorine-containing materials C-F bonds have low inter-molecular force and excellent anti-staining surface self-cleaning properties. In the subsequent bonding process of the PVA base film and other film layers, it is possible to effectively prevent the entry of foreign matter and reduce the occurrence of defects in the polarizer.
  • the size of the nano-silica it can be on the surface of the PVA base film. A certain roughness is generated, and the convex and concave shape is used to diffuse the reflected image to prevent the light from being excessively concentrated to cause discomfort during viewing, and it is expected to achieve an anti-glare function.
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing the molecular structure of a PVA base film of a conventional iodine-based polarizer.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the molecular structure of a PVA base film of a polarizer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • the present invention provides a modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) base film and a preparation method thereof, and the specific preparation steps thereof include:
  • the unreacted dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane was removed by extraction with toluene for 16 h; it was dried under vacuum to constant weight and triturated to obtain a modified nano silica in the form of a white powder.
  • the -OCH 3 group attached to Si in the dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane is hydrolyzed to form a hydroxyl group -OH, which is polycondensed with a hydroxyl group -OH on the surface of the silica particle to form Si-0-Si. key.
  • the bonding force between Si and 0 is greater than the bonding force between Si and -OH combined silicon oxide, and thus the fluorosilicone can react with the silica particles.
  • modified nano silica powder obtained in the step (1) and the carboxylic acid anionic fluorocarbon surfactant (RF-CH 2 -COOH) added to the aqueous solution of the PVA polymer, and ultrasonically dispersing at room temperature for 1 hour. Then, the mixture was stirred at a high speed at 40 ° C for 5 hours to prepare a PVA polymer composite solution.
  • Modified silica increases The steric hindrance between the particles enables them to be uniformly dispersed in the system; on the other hand, the hydrolyzed fluorosilicone and the modified silica surface still have a part of -OH, which can be combined with -OH on the long molecular chain of PVA. Further cross-linking condensation occurs.
  • the PVA polymer composite solution prepared in the step (2) is cast on the surface of the cast substrate, and dried under vacuum at 80 ° C to 90 ° C for 3 to 4 hours to a constant weight to obtain a modified PVA base film. .
  • the fluorosilicone is selected from the group consisting of dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane, but is not limited thereto, and the fluorosilicone may also be selected from the group consisting of dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane. , dodecafluoroheptylpropylmethyldimethoxysilane, tetra-methyl-(perfluorohexylethyl)propyltrimethoxysilane, tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane One or more mixtures.
  • the purity standard of nano-silica is analytically pure, and the particle size is 35-45 nm; the degree of polymerization of PVA polymer is 4000, and the degree of alcoholysis is 98%.
  • the mass of the fluorosilicone added is 33-40% of the mass of the nano silica.
  • the added modified silica powder has a mass of 4% to 8% by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer ; and the carboxylic acid anionic fluorocarbon surface active added in the step (2)
  • the added surfactant has a mass of 0.2% to 0.3% by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer.
  • modified PVA base film As a substrate, after a conventional iodine dyeing and single-axis stretching process, a modified PVA base film of a polarizer as shown in the molecular structural formula of FIG. 2 was obtained, which comprises polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA) Polymer 3, iodine molecule 2, nanosilica group 1, and fluorosilicone group 4.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • the dodecafluoroheptylpropyltrimethoxysilane is graft-modified on the nano-silica 1; after a certain dispersion means, the modified nano-two
  • the silicon oxide 1 is uniformly dispersed in the PVA base film, and is bonded to the polymer chain of PVA3 to form a three-dimensional network structure, thereby obtaining an organic/inorganic nanocomposite material.
  • the organic/inorganic nanocomposite can combine the excellent properties of the organic polymer PVA base film and the nano material.
  • the fluorine-containing material is the material with the lowest surface energy to date, and the fluorine-containing group with low surface energy migrates and enriches to the surface of the PVA base film in the subsequent film formation process, and imparts excellent PVA film with a small amount.
  • the surface is hydrophobic and oleophobic and self-cleaning.
  • the rigid nano-silica can impart excellent heat and mechanical stability to the PVA base film.
  • Organic/inorganic nanocomposites can be obtained by using organic fluorosilicone-modified silica to obtain organic/inorganic two Better compatibility.
  • the fluorine-containing group having a low surface energy migrates and enriches to the surface of the PVA-based film during heating, so that the PVA-based film has excellent water, oil and corrosion resistance, and at the same time
  • the CF bond has a large bond and is closely packed in the outer layer of the carbon skeleton, so that the fluoropolymer has excellent thermal stability.
  • the nano-silica group has high hardness, high strength, high toughness and good stability at high temperature, and combines with the polymer chain of PVA to form a three-dimensional network, thereby greatly improving the mechanical strength and elasticity of the PVA base film. Wear resistance.
  • silica grafted with a long-chain fluorine-containing silicon group is coated on the outer layer of the easily destructible iodine molecule to protect the iodine molecule and improve the mechanical strength stability of the PVA base film.
  • Fluorine-containing materials C-F bonds have low inter-molecular force and excellent anti-staining surface self-cleaning properties. In the subsequent bonding process of the PVA base film and other film layers (such as TAC film), the entry of foreign matter can be effectively prevented, and the occurrence of defects of the polarizer can be reduced.
  • the size of the nano-silica By controlling the size of the nano-silica, a certain roughness can be produced on the surface of the polarizing film, and the convex-concave shape is used to diffuse the reflected image to prevent the light from being excessively concentrated to cause discomfort during viewing, and it is expected to achieve anti-glare function.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜及其制备方法和由所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜制得的偏光片。所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备步骤包括:(1)采用氟硅烷对纳米二氧化硅进行表面接枝改性,以得到改性纳米二氧化硅粉末;(2)在聚乙烯醇聚合物的水溶液中加入步骤(1)获得的改性纳米二氧化硅粉末,以制备成聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液;以及(3)将步骤(2)制备的聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液浇铸在铸塑基板的表面上,以得到改性聚乙烯醇(PVA)基膜。本发明利用低表面能的氟硅烷改性纳米二氧化硅,进而交联改性PVA基膜,以提高PVA基膜的耐湿热性和稳定性,改善PVA基膜的机械性能和耐玷污性。

Description

改性聚乙烯醇基膜及其制备方法和偏光片 技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚乙烯醇基膜, 特别是涉及一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜、 其制 备方法和由所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜制得的偏光片。
偏光片 (polarizer)是 LCD显示器中不可或缺的重要部件之一, 它的作用就 是将自然光转变成偏振光, 配合说液晶分子的扭转, 来达到控制光线通过及色彩 信号呈现的目的。 目前, LCD常用的偏光片, 大多是由高度取向的高聚物如聚 乙烯醇 (polyvinyl alcohol, PVA)基膜作基材,用各类具有二向色性的染料进行染 色, 在一定的湿度和温度下进行延伸后, 另在书聚乙烯醇基膜的两侧各复合一层 具有高光透过率、 耐水性好又有一定机械强度的三醋酸纤维素 (TAC)薄膜而复 合制得的。 与由有机二向色性染料得到的偏光片相比, 碘系偏光片以其较广区 域波长的偏光特性, 高的光透过性和性价比, 成为市场 LCD偏光片的主流, 但该偏光片对热和水的耐久性较差。 随着液晶显示器件应用范围的扩大, 对偏 光片的耐久性提出了更高的要求。 因此, 对偏光片的 PVA基膜进行改性, 进 而开发光学性能和耐久性优异的 LCD偏光片是目前的技术难点。
碘系偏光片是由 PVA基膜经过膨润、 浸碘染色再单轴延伸后, 另在 PVA 基膜两侧各复合一层 TAC薄膜而复合得到的。 PVA是一种线性高分子聚合物, 在很长的分子链上均匀分布着许多强极性的一 OH基团 (如图 1 ), 故亲水性较 强, 耐水性和稳定性较差。 而且碘分子的结构在高温高湿度下易于破坏, 使碘 系偏光片的耐湿热性能和机械性能不好, 一般只能满足 80°Cx500 Hr 或 60°Cx90% RHx500 Hr 的测试条件, 且容易发生卷曲、 剥落现象, 限制了其应 用范围。
请参见图 1,图 1所示的是一现有碘系偏光片的 PVA基膜的分子结构示意 图, 其中碘系偏光片的 TAC保护膜并未被绘出, 而 PVA基膜的聚乙烯醇聚合 物 3表面均匀地分布着强极性亲水的 -OH基团, 而且碘分子 2的结构在高温 高湿下易于破坏, 故该碘系偏光片的 PVA基膜在高温高湿条件下的稳定性较 为了提高碘系偏光片的 PVA基膜湿热耐久性, 需要对 PVA基膜进行改性 或交联。 目前,改善 PVA基膜耐久性的常用方法是加入第二组分, 即能与 PVA 中亲水性基团 _OH 交联的物质。 例如, 中国专利公开第 1979231A 号与第 101281267A号均采用二元羧酸和硼酸来对 PVA基膜进行交联处理, 但是硼酸 使得 PVA基膜的韧性增加, 在延伸过程中会限制 PVA基膜的延伸倍率。 也有 人将二氧化硅 (&02)用真空镀膜法、离子喷镀法喷镀在 PVA基膜上,以提高 PVA 基膜的耐湿热特性, 但此二氧化硅镀膜法成本较高, 同时也会引起二氧化硅和 PVA基膜的相容性差的问题。
因此, 我们需要新型的 PVA基膜, 以期其具有较高的耐湿热性能和稳定 性以及良好的机械性能, 并能减少偏光片欠点不良的发生, 同时还具有抗眩功 能。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法。
为实现上述目的, 本发明公开提供一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 制 备步骤包括:
( 1 ) 采用氟硅垸对纳米二氧化硅进行表面接枝改性, 以得到改性纳米二 氧化硅粉末;
(2)在聚乙烯醇聚合物的水溶液中加入步骤(1 )获得的改性纳米二氧化 硅粉末及羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表面活性剂, 以制备成聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶 液;
(3 )将步骤(2)制备的聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液浇铸在铸塑基板的表面 上, 以得到改性聚乙烯醇基膜;
所述步骤 (1 ) 中, 所述氟硅垸选自十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸、 十二 氟庚基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅垸、 四-甲基- (全氟已基乙基)丙基三甲氧基硅垸、 十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅垸中的一种或多种混合物,添加的所述氟硅垸的质量为 所述纳米二氧化硅质量的 33~40%;
所述步骤 (2 ) 中, 所述羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表面活性剂, 其分子式为 RF-CH2-COOH, 其中 R代表 C6至 C1Q的碳链, 添加的所述改性二氧化硅粉末 的质量为所述聚乙烯醇聚合物质量的 4%~8%。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征在 于, 所述步骤 (1 ) 中的所述纳米二氧化硅的粒径介于 35~45纳米之间。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述步骤 (2) 中, 添加的所述表面活性剂的质 量为所述聚乙烯醇聚合物质量的 0.2% ~0.3%。
本发明的第一个目的, 本发明还提供一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 步骤包括:
( 1 ) 采用氟硅垸对纳米二氧化硅进行表面接枝改性, 得到改性纳米二氧 化硅粉末;
(2)在聚乙烯醇聚合物的水溶液中加入步骤(1 )获得的改性纳米二氧化 硅粉末, 制备成聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液;
(3 )将步骤(2)制备的聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液浇铸在铸塑基板的表面 上, 真空干燥恒重以得到改性聚乙烯醇基膜。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 具体步骤包 括:
( 1 ) 采用氟硅垸对纳米二氧化硅进行表面接枝改性: 在圆底烧瓶中依次 加入干燥的纳米二氧化硅粒子、 无水乙醇、 去离子水、 氨水和氟硅垸; 超声分 散之后, 高速搅拌; 然后过滤沉淀, 用无水乙醇反复洗涤; 接着用甲苯抽提, 用以除去未反应的氟硅垸; 最后真空干燥至恒重, 研磨得到改性纳米二氧化硅 粉末;
(2)在聚乙烯醇聚合物的水溶液中加入步骤(1 )制得的改性二氧化硅粉 末和表面活性剂, 室温下超声分散; 然后高速搅拌, 制备成聚乙烯醇聚合物复 合溶液;
(3 )将步骤(2)制得的聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液浇铸在铸塑基板的表面 上, 在 80°C~90°C下真空干燥至恒重以得到改性聚乙烯醇基膜。
在本发明的一实施例中, 步骤 (1 ) 中所述氟硅垸选自十二氟庚基丙基三 甲氧基硅垸、 十二氟庚基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅垸、 四-甲基- (全氟已基乙基)丙 基三甲氧基硅垸、 十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅垸中的一种或多种混合物。 在本发明的一实施例中, 所述步骤 (1 ) 中的纳米二氧化硅纯度规格为分 析纯, 粒径介于 35~45纳米 (nm)之间。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述步骤 (1 ) 中添加的所述氟硅烷的质量为所 述纳米二氧化硅质量的 33〜40%。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述步骤 (2) 中的聚乙烯醇聚合物的聚合度为 4000, 醇解度为 98%。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述步骤 (2) 中, 添加的改性二氧化硅粉末的 质量为聚乙烯醇聚合物质量的 4%~8%。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述步骤 (2) 中还加入羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表 面活性剂, 其分子式为 RF-CH2-COOH, 其中 R代表 C6至 C1()的碳链。
在本发明的一实施例中, 所述步骤 (2) 中, 添加的表面活性剂的质量为 聚乙烯醇聚合物质量的 0.2% ~0.3%。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种由上述方法制得的改性聚乙烯醇基膜。 为实现上述目的, 本发明公开以下技术方案 - 一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜, 所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜包括聚乙烯醇聚合物、 纳 米二氧化硅基团及氟硅烷基团, 所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜具有下述通式-
Figure imgf000006_0001
其中:
A基团表示氟硅垸基团,所述氟硅烷基团选自十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅 烷、 十二氟庚基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、 四-甲基- (全氟已基乙基)丙基三甲氧 基硅垸、 十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种混合物; 及
B基团表示纳米二氧化硅基团。
在本发明的一实施例中,通过碘液染色使所述聚乙烯醇聚合物键结有碘分 子,其中接有所述氟硅垸基团的纳米二氧化硅基团是包覆在所述聚乙烯醇聚合 物及碘分子的外层。
替换页 (细则第 26条) 本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种由上述改性聚乙烯醇基膜制成的偏光 片。
为实现上述目的, 本发明公开以下技术方案: 一种偏光片, 其包括: 上述 改性聚乙烯醇基膜; 和贴附在所述偏光膜的一个或两个表面上的保护膜, 所述 保护膜例如为三醋酸纤维素 (TAC)薄膜。 所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜与贴附在所述 改性聚乙烯醇基膜的一个或两个表面上的保护膜共同构成一改性聚乙烯醇基 膜的偏光片。
本发明的积极效果是:
1、 提高了聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 基膜的耐湿热性能和稳定性
低表面能的含氟基团在加热的过程中会向 PVA基膜的表面迁移并富集, 使 PVA基膜具有优异的耐水耐油和耐腐蚀性能, 同时 C-F键的键能很大, 且 在碳骨架外层排列十分紧密, 使得含氟聚合物具有优异的热稳定性能。
2、 提高了 PVA基膜的机械性能
纳米二氧化硅硬度大, 在高温下具有高强、 高韧、 稳定性好等特性, 与 PVA的高分子链互相结合成为立体网状, 从而大幅度提高 PVA基膜的机械强 度、 弹性、 耐磨性。 另一方面, 接枝上长链含氟硅基团的纳米二氧化硅包覆在 易破坏的碘分子的外层, 对碘分子起到保护作用, 提高 PVA偏光膜的机械稳 定性。
3、 减少偏光片欠点不良的发生
含氟材料 C-F键的聚合物分子间作用力较低, 具有优异的耐玷污表面自 洁性能。 在后续的 PVA基膜和其它膜层贴合过程中, 可以有效防止异物的进 入, 减少偏光片欠点不良的发生。
4、 获得抗眩功能
在现有的工艺中, 由于 PVA基膜的亲水性, 为了保护 PVA基膜, 需要在 PVA基膜的两侧各复合一层具有高光透过率、耐水性好又有一定机械强度的三 醋酸纤维素 (TAC)薄膜做为保护膜, 但这种保护膜在高湿高温下放置时, 尺寸 大小容易发生变化, 力学性能变坏而影响其保护性能。本发明可大大提高 PVA 基膜的耐湿热性和机械强度,甚至可省略使用 TAC薄膜 (也就是直接以 PVA基 膜做为偏光片)。 同时, 通过控制纳米二氧化硅的尺寸, 可以在 PVA基膜表面 产生一定的粗糙度, 利用其凸凹形状来扩散反射图像, 防止光线被过度集中造 成观看时的不适, 有望达到抗眩功能。
附图说明
图 1是一现有碘系偏光片的 PVA基膜的分子结构示意图。
图 2是根据本发明较佳实施例的偏光片的 PVA基膜的分子结构示意图 其中:
1一纳米二氧化硅基团;
2_碘分子;
3_聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 聚合物; 及
4一氟硅垸基团。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做详细的说明,实施例旨在解释而非限定本发明 的技术方案。
根据本发明的一较佳实施例, 本发明提供一种改性聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 基膜 及其制备方法, 其具体制备步骤包括:
( 1 ) 采用氟硅垸对纳米二氧化硅进行表面接枝改性: 在圆底烧瓶中依次 加入约 6g干燥的纳米二氧化硅粒子、 120 mL无水乙醇、 6.5 g去离子水、 3.4 g 质量分数为 25%的氨水和 2.0~2.4 g十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸;超声分散 1 h, 在 40°C下高速搅拌 5h; 然后过滤沉淀, 用无水乙醇反复洗涤后, 再用甲苯 抽提 16 h除去未反应的十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸;真空干燥至恒重,研磨 得到白色粉末状的改性纳米二氧化硅。其中, 十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸中 与 Si相连的 -OCH3基团水解生成羟基 -OH, 与二氧化硅粒子表面的羟基 -OH 发生缩聚反应, 生成 Si-0-Si键。在 Si-0-Si键中, Si与 0之间的结合力要 大于 Si 与 -OH 结合的硅氧之间的结合力,因此氟硅垸可与二氧化硅粒子发生 反应。
(2 ) 在 PVA聚合物的水溶液中加入步骤 (1 ) 获得的改性纳米二氧化硅 粉末和羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表面活性剂(RF-CH2-COOH),室温下超声分散 lh, 然后在 40°C下高速搅拌 5h, 制得 PVA聚合物复合溶液。 改性二氧化硅增大了 粒子间的空间位阻作用, 使其能够均匀地分散在体系中; 另一方面水解的氟硅 垸和改性的二氧化硅表面仍有一部分 -OH, 可以和 PVA长分子链上的 -OH进 一步发生交联缩合。
( 3 )将步骤 (2 ) 制得的 PVA聚合物复合溶液浇铸在铸塑基板的表面上, 在 80°C~90°C下真空干燥 3~4h至恒重, 即得到改性 PVA基膜。
其中, 所述氟硅垸是选用十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸, 但并不限于此, 所述氟硅垸还可以是选自十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸、十二氟庚基丙基甲基 二甲氧基硅垸、 四 -甲基 -(全氟已基乙基)丙基三甲氧基硅垸、 十三氟辛基三甲 氧基硅垸中的一种或多种混合物。
其中, 纳米二氧化硅纯度规格为分析纯, 粒径为 35~45nm; PVA聚合物的 聚合度为 4000, 醇解度为 98%。
其中, 添加的所述氟硅垸的质量为所述纳米二氧化硅质量的 33~40%。 所述步骤 (2 ) 中, 添加的改性二氧化硅粉末的质量为聚乙烯醇聚合物质 量的 4%~8%; 所述步骤(2) 中加入的羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表面活性剂, 其分 子式为 RF-CH2-COOH, 其中 R代表 C6至 C1Q的碳链。所述添加的表面活性剂 的质量为聚乙烯醇聚合物质量的 0.2% ~0.3%。
以得到的改性 PVA基膜为基材, 经过传统的碘染色和单一轴方向延伸工 艺后, 制得如图 2分子结构式所示的偏光片的改性 PVA基膜, 其包含聚乙烯 醇 (PVA) 聚合物 3、 碘分子 2、 纳米二氧化硅基团 1、 及氟硅垸基团 4。
更详细来说, 请参照图 2所示, 其中十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸对纳米 二氧化硅 1进行接枝改性; 经过一定的分散手段, 使改性后的纳米二氧化硅 1 均匀地分散在 PVA基膜中, 与 PVA3的高分子链互相结合成为立体网状结构, 得到有机 /无机纳米复合材料。 所述有机 /无机纳米复合材料可以综合有机聚合 物 PVA基膜和纳米材料的优良特性。含氟材料是迄今为止表面能最低的材料, 低表面能的含氟基团在后续的成膜过程中会向 PVA基膜的表面迁移并富集, 以极少的用量即可赋予 PVA膜优异的表面疏水疏油和抗污自洁性能。 同时, 刚性的纳米二氧化硅可以赋予 PVA基膜优异的耐热和机械稳定性能。 利用有 机氟硅垸改性的二氧化硅制备有机 /无机纳米复合材料, 可以获得有机 /无机两 相较好的相容性。
更详细来说,在本发明中,低表面能的含氟基团在加热的过程中会向 PVA 基膜的表面迁移并富集, 使 PVA基膜具有优异的耐水耐油和耐腐蚀性能, 同 时 C-F键的键能很大, 且在碳骨架外层排列十分紧密, 使得含氟聚合物具有 优异的热稳定性能。
纳米二氧化硅基团硬度大, 在高温下具有高强、 高韧、 稳定性好等特性, 与 PVA的高分子链互相结合成为立体网状, 从而大幅度提高 PVA基膜的机械 强度、 弹性、 耐磨性。 另一方面, 接枝上长链含氟硅基团的二氧化硅包覆在易 破坏的碘分子的外层, 对碘分子起到保护作用, 提高 PVA基膜的机械强度稳 定性。
含氟材料 C-F键的聚合物分子间作用力较低, 具有优异的耐玷污表面自 洁性能。 在后续的 PVA基膜和其它膜层 (如 TAC薄膜)贴合过程中, 可以有效 防止异物的进入, 减少偏光片缺陷点的发生。
通过控制纳米二氧化硅的尺寸, 可以在偏光膜表面产生一定的粗糙度, 利 用其凸凹形状来扩散反射图像, 防止光线被过度集中造成观看时的不适, 有望 达到抗眩功能。
本发明已由上述相关实施例加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的 范例。 必需指出的是, 已公开的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。 相反地, 包含 于权利要求书的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包括于本发明的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征在于, 制备步骤 包括:
( 1 ) 采用氟硅垸对纳米二氧化硅进行表面接枝改性, 以得到改 性纳米二氧化硅粉末;
(2)在聚乙烯醇聚合物的水溶液中加入步骤(1 )获得的改性纳 米二氧化硅粉末及羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表面活性剂,以制备成聚乙烯 醇聚合物复合溶液;
(3 )将步骤(2)制备的聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液浇铸在铸塑基 板的表面上, 以得到改性聚乙烯醇基膜;
所述步骤 (1 ) 中, 所述氟硅垸选自十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅 垸、 十二氟庚基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅垸、 四-甲基- (全氟已基乙基)丙 基三甲氧基硅垸、 十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅垸中的一种或多种混合物, 添加的所述氟硅垸的质量为所述纳米二氧化硅质量的 33~40%;
所述步骤 (2) 中, 所述羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表面活性剂, 其分 子式为 RF-CH2-COOH, 其中 R代表 C6至 C1Q的碳链, 添加的所述改 性二氧化硅粉末的质量为所述聚乙烯醇聚合物质量的 4%~8%。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (1 ) 中的所述纳米二氧化硅的粒径介于 35~45纳米 之间。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (2) 中, 添加的所述表面活性剂的质量为所述聚乙 烯醇聚合物质量的 0.2% ~0.3%。
4、 一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征在于, 制备步骤 包括:
( 1 ) 采用氟硅垸对纳米二氧化硅进行表面接枝改性, 以得到改 性纳米二氧化硅粉末;
(2)在聚乙烯醇聚合物的水溶液中加入步骤(1 )获得的改性纳 米二氧化硅粉末, 以制备成聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液;
(3 )将步骤(2)制备的聚乙烯醇聚合物复合溶液浇铸在铸塑基 板的表面上, 以得到改性聚乙烯醇基膜。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (1 ) 中的所述氟硅垸选自十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基 硅垸、 十二氟庚基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅垸、 四-甲基- (全氟已基乙基) 丙基三甲氧基硅垸、 十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅垸中的一种或多种混合
6、 如权利要求 4所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (1 ) 中的所述纳米二氧化硅的粒径介于 35~45纳米 之间。
7、 如权利要求 4所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (1 ) 中, 添加的所述氟硅垸的质量为所述纳米二氧 化硅质量的 33~40%。
8、 如权利要求 4所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (2) 中, 添加的所述改性二氧化硅粉末的质量为所 述聚乙烯醇聚合物质量的 4%~8%。
9、 如权利要求 4所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (2) 中还加入羧酸类阴离子型氟碳表面活性剂, 其 分子式为 RF-CH2-COOH, 其中 R代表 C6至 C1()的碳链。
10、如权利要求 9所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜的制备方法, 其特征 在于, 所述步骤 (2) 中, 添加的所述表面活性剂的质量为所述聚乙 烯醇聚合物质量的 0.2% ~0.3%。
11、 一种改性聚乙烯醇基膜, 其特征在于, 所述改性聚乙烯醇基 膜包括聚乙烯醇聚合物、纳米二氧化硅基团及氟硅垸基团, 所述改性 聚乙烯
Figure imgf000013_0001
其中 A基团为氟硅垸基团; 及 B基团为纳米二氧化硅基团; 所述氟硅垸基团选自十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅垸、十二氟庚基 丙基甲基二甲氧基硅垸、 四-甲基- (全氟已基乙基)丙基三甲氧基硅垸、 十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅垸中的一种或多种混合物。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜, 其特征在于, 所 述聚乙烯醇聚合物键结有碘分子,其中接有所述氟硅垸基团的纳米二 氧化硅基团是包覆在所述聚乙烯醇聚合物及碘分子的外层。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的改性聚乙烯醇基膜, 其特征在于, 所 述改性聚乙烯醇基膜与贴附在所述改性聚乙烯醇基膜的一个或两个 表面上的保护膜共同构成一偏光片。
PCT/CN2011/080581 2011-08-16 2011-10-09 改性聚乙烯醇基膜及其制备方法和偏光片 WO2013023403A1 (zh)

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