WO2013008747A1 - 受信装置及び利得制御方法 - Google Patents
受信装置及び利得制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013008747A1 WO2013008747A1 PCT/JP2012/067334 JP2012067334W WO2013008747A1 WO 2013008747 A1 WO2013008747 A1 WO 2013008747A1 JP 2012067334 W JP2012067334 W JP 2012067334W WO 2013008747 A1 WO2013008747 A1 WO 2013008747A1
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- gain
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- received signal
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3036—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3052—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in bandpass amplifiers (H.F. or I.F.) or in frequency-changers used in a (super)heterodyne receiver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3052—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in bandpass amplifiers (H.F. or I.F.) or in frequency-changers used in a (super)heterodyne receiver
- H03G3/3068—Circuits generating control signals for both R.F. and I.F. stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0245—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal according to signal strength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- a received wave received by an antenna is converted into an intermediate frequency signal or an analog baseband signal, and after analog-digital conversion, the interference wave is attenuated based on the received signal strength to demodulate the desired wave.
- the receiver in particular, a desired signal with low reception sensitivity in the vicinity of strong reception due to automatic gain control that keeps the demodulator input level of the desired signal within an appropriate range regardless of the presence or absence of the interference.
- the present invention relates to a gain control method for a receiving apparatus that performs demodulation to a level.
- a received wave including a desired wave and an interfering wave is received by an antenna, converted from analog to digital, and a desired signal is extracted using a received signal strength indicator (RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator) to perform digital demodulation.
- RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
- receivers that perform automatic gain control (AGC) that adjusts the input level of the demodulator have been developed.
- Base station receivers in portable and mobile communication systems, bases in fixed communication networks The present invention is applied to a station receiver, a ground station receiver in a satellite communication system, or a broadcasting system.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an automatic gain control method in a mobile orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) network, and the power level of an analog baseband signal according to the average power of a cyclic prefix calculated based on the received signal strength. It is characterized by adjusting.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a receiving apparatus that substantially expands the dynamic range in the input / output of the RSSI circuit, can receive a wide range of signal levels, and can transmit an accurate reception level.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a receiving apparatus that prevents intermodulation by effectively suppressing intermodulation waves included in a reception channel and effectively preventing a decrease in reception quality due to intermodulation.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a broadcast receiving apparatus that effectively attenuates a jamming station signal level using AGC and RSSI and suppresses a decrease in signal level of a desired reception wave frequency.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a receiver that reduces the influence of an interference wave by determining the interference wave according to the RSSI of the desired wave and switching the linearity of a low noise amplifier (LNA).
- Patent Document 6 discloses an AGC circuit that provides an optimum gain for desired wave power even when an interference wave is input to a receiver.
- Patent Document 7 employs a filter device using AGC and RSSI, and changes the capacitance of the capacitor connected to the detection / rectifier circuit according to the presence or absence or magnitude of the interference wave, thereby preventing deterioration of radio characteristics.
- a wireless communication terminal is disclosed.
- Patent Document 8 discloses a receiver that performs AGC and digital demodulation processing.
- Patent Document 9 discloses a receiving apparatus that performs demodulation processing by software without using AGC even if the reception level fluctuates.
- Patent Document 10 discloses a receiver having an AGC circuit that is applied to a digital CATV tuner, and is characterized in that an optimum AGC characteristic is obtained regardless of variations in tuner gain and gain deviation between channels.
- Patent Document 11 discloses a wireless receiver that can reliably amplify a desired signal while suppressing an increase in power consumption at the RF front end portion.
- a low noise amplifier (LNA) is based on the received signal strength before and after the low-pass filter. It is characterized by using a DC-DC converter for controlling the power consumption of the.
- LNA low noise amplifier
- Patent Document 12 discloses a receiving apparatus that employs a direct conversion method or a Low-IF method.
- Patent Document 13 discloses a terrestrial digital television receiver module that suppresses interference caused by unnecessary waves in adjacent channels by applying AGC to an RF amplifier circuit based on a signal level after IF tuning.
- Patent Document 14 discloses a receiving apparatus that has high interference wave resistance and improved reception rate by determining the presence or absence of interference waves based on the difference between the RF system input level and the IF system input level.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a known receiving device (see Patent Document 2).
- the receiving apparatus includes an antenna 1, a mixer 3, a local oscillator 4, an A / D converter 5, an analog variable gain function unit 6, a channel selection filter 8, a received signal strength display unit (RSSI1) 9, a comparison controller 11, and a demodulator. And a low noise amplifier (LNA) 13 with a variable gain function.
- This receiving apparatus prevents saturation in the A / D converter 5 and ensures back-off in the direct conversion system, single conversion system, or multiple conversion system (that is, to pass a modulated signal having a peak component without distortion). Necessary processing).
- the comparison control unit 11 compares and determines the detection level by the RSSI 9 provided on the output side of the A / D converter (ADC) 5 (that is, a circuit that monitors the desired wave level on the output side of the channel selection filter 8). For the portion exceeding the allowable threshold, gain reduction control is performed by the analog variable gain function unit 6 provided at the input unit of the A / D converter 5.
- ADC A / D converter
- FIG. 5 illustrates a problem of a known receiving apparatus
- FIG. 5A illustrates a level diagram and an AGC operation when only a desired wave is input to the receiving apparatus.
- FIG. 5B illustrates the level diagram and the movement of the AGC when a strong interference wave is input to the receiver together with a low desired wave (near the lowest sensitivity).
- the detection level by the RSSI 9 in the AGC loop based on the desired wave level is determined as a threshold by the comparison control unit 11, so that the desired wave exceeds the threshold level.
- gain reduction control (-a [dB], -b [dB]) of the analog variable gain function unit 6 is performed with the aim of preventing saturation of the A / D converter 5 and ensuring backoff.
- the desired wave can be demodulated while ensuring the C / N ratio with the noise level necessary for demodulation. Become.
- the dynamic range required as the input level of the demodulator 12 can be small.
- the following problems arise when a strong interference wave is input to the receiving device together with a low desired wave (near the lowest sensitivity). That is, when the jamming wave level rises, the jamming wave becomes dominant instead of the desired wave, and the jamming wave level detected by the RSSI 9 in the AGC loop is determined as a threshold by the comparison control unit 11, and the jamming wave level is determined. For the portion exceeding the threshold, gain reduction control (-a [dB], -b [dB]) is performed by the analog variable gain function unit 6 with the aim of preventing saturation of the A / D converter 5 due to interference waves and ensuring backoff. It is.
- the analog variable gain function unit 6 performs gain reduction control (-a [dB], -b [dB]) on the desired wave near the lowest sensitivity as well as the interference wave, and therefore the A / D converter From 5 onwards, the desired wave level will drop.
- the disturbing wave level is extremely attenuated and suppressed below the desired wave level.
- FIG. Since the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator 12 remains below the minimum expression level, the information on the desired wave is cut off at the minimum expression level of the demodulator 12, and the original information is lost. Extreme demodulation deterioration or inability to demodulate.
- a known receiver can receive and demodulate a desired wave with a low level of sensitivity while having strong interference, the dynamic range required for the demodulator input level becomes extremely large and is required for the demodulator. As the number of bits increases, the circuit scale of the receiving apparatus increases and the power consumption increases.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another known receiving device (see Patent Document 1).
- This receiving apparatus includes an analog block 22, an antenna 24, and a digital baseband unit 32.
- the analog block 22 includes a band pass filter (BPF) 26, a low noise amplifier (LNA) 28, a local oscillator (LO) 30, and amplifiers (VGA) 34 and 36.
- the digital baseband unit 32 includes a received signal strength display unit (RSSI) 38, a control logic unit 40, and A / D converters (ADC) 46 and 48.
- Reference numeral 42 denotes an enable pulse.
- the receiving device disclosed in Patent Document 4 monitors the levels before and after the channel selection filter provided to suppress the interference wave, and compares and compares the level difference with an allowable threshold value. This is to determine the presence or absence of jamming waves. Specifically, a large level difference before and after the channel selection filter indicates that there is an interfering wave, and a small level difference indicates that there is no interfering wave.
- the gain control of the variable gain RF-AMP before MIXER is performed based on the RSSI level before IF-BPF.
- the level difference before and after the IF-BPF is large, it is determined that there are many received waves other than the own channel, and in order to execute AGC collectively including the received waves of other channels, the IFSI from the RSSI level before the IF-BPF -The gain control of the variable gain RF-AMP before MIXER is performed based on the level obtained by subtracting the RSSI level after BPF and calculating a plurality of reception channels.
- an AGC function is realized in which only the own channel, or the own channel and a plurality of channels are combined as a desired wave, and a variable gain is given to the RF-AMP.
- an analog variable gain function unit in the preceding stage of the A / D converter so as not to distort the output of the A / D converter before channel selection by a strong interference wave at the lowest sensitivity reception as an AGC control target.
- the presence of a strong interference wave is detected from the RSSI level difference before the channel selection filter while reducing the gain of the first AGC control target.
- the present invention increases the gain of the digital variable gain function unit as the second AGC control target.
- Patent Document 8 when a high-level interference wave and a desired wave are mixedly received, the AGC circuit including the RSSI is devised in order to realize the desired wave reception in a wide range of levels. That is, the processing result of the wideband RSSI1 at the output of the A / D converter (ADC) including the desired wave and the interference wave, and the processing result of the narrowband RSSI2 of only the desired wave after band limiting by the BPF after the ADC.
- the AGC operation is used to execute the ACG operation to appropriately control the AGC gain as a whole.
- Patent Document 9 and Patent Document 10 disclose known techniques aimed at improving Patent Document 8.
- Patent Document 8 discloses a method of extracting data from an ADC from two points of different gain stages existing on a reception IF system depending on an input level in view of the necessity of two systems for the ADC.
- Patent Document 10 in view of the fact that the criterion for gain control is only a desired wave without including an interference wave, a method of independently and variably controlling an RF (radio frequency) AGC gain and an IF (intermediate frequency) AGC gain is disclosed. Disclosure.
- Patent Document 8 as a first embodiment, a circuit in the case where the wideband RSSI1 at the ADC output including the desired wave and the disturbing wave and the narrowband RSSI2 of only the desired wave at the BPF output after the ADC are not linked will be described. Yes.
- the RSSI 1 is determined and the power supply voltage or gain of the LNA is set as the target of AGC so as not to exceed the ADC full scale.
- the gain of the digital IF amplifier immediately before is controlled by reducing the level of the desired wave of RSSI2.
- RSSI 1 operation does not saturate the ADC.
- the presence / absence of the interfering wave is not determined (RSSI operates independently in Patent Document 10), and the desired wave in the previous stage of the demodulator is converged to a predetermined level between the BPF and the demodulator.
- the gain of the digital IF amplifier inserted in is made variable. This is a result of expecting that the RSSI2 determination is performed at the desired wave level under the assumption that the interference wave level has already been sufficiently reduced by the band-limited BPF.
- the difference between RSSI 1 and RSSI 2 is always compared and determined to estimate the presence or absence of interference waves, and then the gain of digital AGC is controlled.
- Patent Document 11 discloses a technique similar to Patent Document 5.
- the preceding stage of the LPF for band limitation provided in the analog baseband part of the MIXER to ADC or the IF system By comparing and determining the difference between the RSSI 1 level (interference wave + desired wave) and the desired wave level based on RSSI 2 after the LPF, the presence of the interference wave and the magnitude of the interference wave level are detected.
- Preventing LNA saturation, distortion generation, and sensitivity suppression (a phenomenon in which the desired wave gain and gain are reduced from appropriate values due to gain compression by the interference wave) according to the interference wave level thus estimated, and
- the voltage of the DC-DC converter for the LNA is controlled.
- the control voltage of the LNA is boosted to improve the saturation power of the LNA (that is, the back-off is expanded).
- the LNA control voltage is restored to prevent the increase in power consumption for the constant interference wave response.
- Patent Document 11 is intended to improve Patent Document 12.
- Patent Document 12 also prevents an increase in power consumption for dealing with a constant jamming wave, and by detecting the RSSI difference at two points to determine the presence or absence of the jamming wave, LNA or By switching the path of the analog baseband part, it corresponds to a high level interference wave.
- the presence / absence of the interference wave is determined. Is doing.
- a gain correction by bypassing the LNA is performed by inserting a digital AGC amplifier before the ADC to ensure a net gain.
- the above receiving apparatus has the following problems.
- the receiver shown in FIG. 4 prevents saturation of the A / D converter and ensures back-off in the direct conversion method, single conversion method or multiple conversion methods (necessary for passing a modulation signal having a peak component without distortion). Measures). For this reason, the detection level by the RSSI 9 (a circuit for monitoring the desired wave on the output side of the channel selection filter 8) provided on the output side of the A / D converter 5 is compared and determined, and the detection level exceeds the allowable threshold. Is limiting the gain reduction to the analog variable gain function section 6 provided at the input section of the A / D converter 5.
- this receiving apparatus has the problem described with reference to FIG.
- gain reduction control ( ⁇ a [dB], ⁇ b [dB]) of the analog variable gain function unit 6 is aimed at preventing saturation of the A / D converter 5 and ensuring backoff.
- the gain reduction control (-a [dB], -b [dB]) of the analog variable gain function unit 6 is performed on the desired wave in the vicinity of the lowest sensitivity in the receiver as well as the interference wave. Therefore, there is a problem that the desired wave level decreases after the A / D converter 5.
- the interference wave and the desired wave pass through the channel selection filter 8 and the interference wave level is extremely attenuated, the interference wave level is suppressed below the desired wave level.
- the desired wave information is cut off at the minimum expression level of the demodulator 12 and a part of the information amount is lost. Or it will be in a situation where it cannot be demodulated.
- the dynamic range required for the input level of the demodulator 12 becomes extremely large.
- the number of bits required for the demodulation process will increase. For this reason, the above-described receiving apparatus has a problem in that the circuit scale increases and the power consumption increases.
- the broadcast receiving apparatus of Patent Document 4 is similar to the present invention described later in that the presence / absence of an interfering wave is determined based on the magnitude of the RSSI level difference before and after the channel selection filter.
- the broadcast receiving apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 4 realizes an AGC function that changes the gain of an RF amplifier by capturing a desired wave based on the result of determination of an interference wave and capturing only a desired channel or a plurality of channels.
- the present invention and the control method are different.
- an analog variable gain function unit before and after the ADC so as not to cause distortion in the A / D converter (ADC) before the channel selection filter in the lowest sensitivity reception accompanied by a strong interference wave.
- ADC A / D converter
- the present invention increases the gain of the digital variable gain function unit as the second AGC control target.
- the receiving device of Patent Document 5 has a function of determining the presence / absence of an interfering wave and the level of the interfering wave, and the present invention is that the presence / absence of the interfering wave is determined based on the magnitude of the RSSI level difference before and after the channel selection filter. Is similar. However, they are different in control method.
- the AGC control amount is made variable based on the presence / absence determination of the interference wave, whereas in the receiving apparatus of Patent Document 5, the voltage or current applied to the LNA is changed based on the presence / absence determination of the interference wave. The linearity of LNA is improved.
- the receiving apparatus of Patent Document 6 also has a function of determining the presence / absence of an interfering wave and the level of the interfering wave, and the present invention is that the presence / absence of the interfering wave is determined based on the magnitude of the RSSI level difference before and after the channel selection filter. Is similar. However, both have different AGC control methods.
- the gain of the digital variable gain function unit in the preceding stage of the demodulator is variably controlled.
- the amount of leakage of the interference wave into the frequency band is estimated based on the interference wave level, and the estimated leakage amount is analog variable before the band-pass filter (BPF) for band limitation.
- BPF band-pass filter
- the receiving apparatus of Patent Document 7 also has a function for determining the presence / absence of an interference wave, and is similar to the present invention in that the presence / absence of an interference wave is determined based on the magnitude of the RSSI level difference before and after the channel selection filter.
- both have different AGC control methods.
- the gain of the digital variable gain function unit is variably controlled before the demodulator after band limitation by the channel selection filter in accordance with the interference wave level, so that the desired wave is transmitted to the demodulator at an appropriate level. It is supposed to be input.
- the capacity of the RSSI detection / rectification circuit is switched to make the response speed of the AGC variable according to the presence or absence of an interference wave.
- the receiving apparatus of Patent Document 8 is similar to the present invention in that the ADC is not saturated by the RSSI1 operation, but the RSSI2 operation is different from the present invention. That is, in the receiver of Patent Document 8, the gain of the digital IF amplifier inserted between the BPF and the demodulator is variable so that the desired wave level before the demodulator is converged to a predetermined level without determining the presence or absence of the interference wave. I have control. On the other hand, in the present invention, the difference between RSSI 1 and RSSI 2 is always compared and determined to estimate the presence or absence of interference waves, and then the digital AGC gain control is performed.
- an AGC control method using both RSSI1 and RSSI2 is disclosed.
- the desired signal level is very small and the interference signal level is very large, the LNA gain is greatly reduced to prevent AGC saturation, and the desired signal level is lowered more than necessary. There is a concern that the reception sensitivity deteriorates.
- Patent Document 9 when the desired wave level of RSSI2 is extremely small, the control voltage of LNA is drastically lowered to alleviate a significant decrease in the gain of LNA controlled based on the processing result of RSSI1. No such correction method is disclosed.
- the receiving device of Patent Document 8 is vulnerable to RSSI2 operation. If the interference wave passes through the spurious response of the band limiting BPF or the interference wave reaches RSSI2 without being sufficiently attenuated, Since it is regarded as a fundamental wave, there is a concern that demodulation of the fundamental wave may become impossible if a malfunction occurs that lowers the gain of the digital AGC. On the other hand, in the present invention, digital AGC gain control is always performed after determining the presence or absence of an interfering wave based on the level difference between RSSI1 and RSSI2. This prevents malfunction of AGC when the interference wave cannot be sufficiently removed.
- the LNA gain is reduced based on the RSSI1 processing result in order to prevent ADC saturation, but AGC control is performed to increase the LNA gain based on the RSSI2 determination result again.
- ADC saturation prevention is dealt with only by the determination result of RSSI1, and the gain improvement accompanying the decrease in the desired wave level is always digital after determining the presence / absence of the interference wave based on the level difference between RSSI1 and RSSI2.
- AGC is feedback controlled. In this way, since the present invention controls the ADC saturation prevention and the gain improvement accompanying the reduction of the desired wave level independently, there is no operational contradiction as in Patent Document 8.
- the receiving apparatus of Patent Document 11 also has a function of determining the presence / absence of an interference wave and the level of the interference wave, and the present invention is that the presence / absence of the interference wave is determined based on the magnitude of the RSSI level difference before and after the channel selection filter. Is similar. However, the control method for applying the determination result is different between the two. That is, according to the present invention, AGC variable control is performed based on the presence / absence determination of an interfering wave. On the other hand, the receiving device of Patent Document 11 variably controls the voltage and current to the LNA based on the determination result of the presence / absence of the interfering wave. The linearity of has been improved.
- the receiving device of Patent Document 12 is similar to the receiving device of Patent Document 11, but both are different in the RSSI1 criterion.
- the receiving apparatus of Patent Document 12 when it is detected that the interference wave level is high by determining the level difference between RSSI1 and RSSI2, switching to a circuit that bypasses the LNA avoids saturation of the LNA.
- the RF / IF gain of the LNA is reduced so as to avoid ADC saturation by only determining RSSI after the ADC.
- the present invention is similar to Patent Document 12 in that the presence or absence of an interference wave is determined by the level difference between RSSI1 and RSSI2, but in the present invention, when the presence of the interference wave is detected, an analog baseband part before ADC is detected. As a countermeasure for preventing ADC saturation, the digital AGC amplifier compensates for the reduced gain.
- Patent Document 12 compensates for the gain across the digital part and the analog part, and bypasses the LNA of the analog part when the presence of an interference wave is detected, and an AGC amplifier in the analog baseband part. It is inserted to compensate for the gain reduction due to the LNA bypass. That is, Patent Document 12 is different from the present invention in that the above-described function is performed in the analog unit before the ADC.
- the AGC operation in the receiving device of Patent Document 12 is vulnerable to malfunction.
- the interference wave level is detected to be large and the LNA is bypassed
- the gain of the AGC amplifier is increased in the analog baseband as the gain compensation.
- the input level of the desired wave is increased in such a state
- the interference wave level detected by RSSI1 and the desired wave level detected by RSSI2 start to antagonize.
- the level difference between RSSI1 and RSSI2 can no longer be obtained.
- the receiving apparatus erroneously recognizes that the interference wave has disappeared and only the desired wave is moving on the level diagram, and the LNA bypass is released. Therefore, there is a risk that the LNA characteristic is saturated by the interference wave.
- saturation avoidance and gain reduction before ADC are determined by RSSI1 on the ADC output side, and RSSI1 is independently determined, so that no malfunction occurs. Further, since whether or not the interference wave level is high is detected by a level difference between RSSI1 and RSSI2, a gain reduction before ADC is compensated by a digital AGC amplifier.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and is capable of ensuring reception and demodulation of a desired wave in the vicinity of the lowest sensitivity even in an environment where a strong interference wave exists. It is an object of the present invention to provide a receiving apparatus and a gain control method including an Automatic Gain Control unit.
- the present invention relates to a receiving apparatus that receives a received wave in which a desired wave and an interference wave are mixed and performs automatic gain control and demodulation.
- the receiving apparatus includes a low noise amplifier that amplifies a received wave, an intermediate frequency conversion unit that converts a reception signal output from the low noise amplifier using a local oscillation frequency into an intermediate frequency signal, and the intermediate frequency signal as a first frequency signal.
- An analog variable gain function unit that amplifies with gain, an A / D conversion unit that performs analog / digital conversion on the intermediate frequency signal amplified by the analog variable gain function unit, and a specific channel from the digital signal output from the A / D conversion unit
- a channel selection filter that filters the frequency band of the signal
- a digital variable gain function unit that amplifies the digital signal of the specific channel filtered by the channel selection filter with a second gain, and a digital signal output from the A / D conversion unit
- a first RSSI unit for detecting a first received signal strength and a specific channel filtered by a channel selection filter;
- a second RSSI unit that detects the second received signal strength from the digital signal, and a first gain calculated based on the amount of the first received signal strength exceeding an allowable threshold value and designated as an analog variable gain function unit
- the second gain is calculated based on the first gain set in the analog variable gain function unit.
- a comparison control unit that designates the digital variable gain
- the present invention relates to a gain control method applied to a receiving apparatus that receives a received wave in which a desired wave and an interfering wave are mixed and performs automatic gain control and demodulation.
- the received wave is amplified with low noise to generate a received signal
- the received signal is converted into an intermediate frequency signal using the local oscillation frequency
- the intermediate frequency signal is amplified with the first gain
- the intermediate frequency is Converting the signal into a digital signal, filtering the frequency band of the specific channel from the digital signal, amplifying the digital signal of the specific channel with a second gain, detecting the first received signal strength from the digital signal
- the second received signal strength is detected from the digital signal
- the first gain is calculated based on the amount of the first received signal strength exceeding the allowable threshold
- the first received signal strength and the second received signal strength are calculated.
- the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator can be set to a minimum expression level or higher even in an environment where a strong interference wave exists.
- the desired wave near the lowest sensitivity can be reliably received and demodulated at an appropriate level.
- the dynamic range required for the demodulator can be reduced, so there is a need to increase the circuit scale of the receiver.
- power consumption can be reduced.
- FIG. It is a block diagram of the receiving apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention.
- A Level diagram and AGC operation when only a desired wave is input to the receiving device
- B Level diagram and AGC operation when a desired wave and an interference wave are input to the receiving device.
- FIG. It is a block diagram of the receiver which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.
- A Level diagram and AGC operation when only a desired wave is input to the receiving device
- the present invention prevents saturation of an A / D converter (ADC) and ensures back-off based on a direct conversion method, a single conversion method, or a multiple conversion method. Therefore, the received signal strength detected by the RSSI 1 (Received Signal Strength Indicator 1) is determined by the comparison controller on the ADC output side, and the analog variable gain function provided on the ADC input side for the received signal strength exceeding the allowable threshold. Gain reduction control to the unit.
- ADC A / D converter
- the signal level before and after the channel selection filter provided in the digital baseband part after the ADC in order to suppress the interference wave is detected by RSSI1 and RSSI2, and the difference between the two signal levels is compared with the allowable threshold by the comparison / determination unit. By doing so, the presence or absence of an interference wave is determined. For example, when the level difference between RSSI1 and RSSI2 is large, it is determined that there is an interfering wave, and when the level difference is small, it is determined that there is no interfering wave.
- the gain of the digital variable gain function unit provided between the channel selection filter and the demodulator is increased in order to compensate for the reduction in gain by the analog variable gain function unit.
- the gain of the digital variable gain function unit is set to “0 dB” (true value: x1) and gain control is not performed.
- the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator can be made higher than the minimum expression level of the demodulator regardless of the presence or absence of the interfering wave.
- the desired C / N ratio is ensured (that is, the minimum expression level of the demodulator is regarded as the noise level).
- the desired wave can be guided to a circuit portion after the demodulator (while preventing).
- the desired wave with a strong interference wave is set to a desired C / N ratio or higher and is input to the demodulator, and the interference wave is suppressed to a noise level or lower, so that a good demodulation can be achieved without deteriorating the reception sensitivity. Processing can be realized.
- the dynamic range (required number of bits) required for the demodulator is reduced, so the circuit scale needs to be increased. Power consumption can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a receiving apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the receiving apparatus includes an antenna 1, an LNA 2, a mixer 3, a local oscillator 4, an A / D converter (ADC) 5, an analog variable gain function unit 6, a digital variable gain function unit 7, a channel selection filter 8, and a first signal.
- An intensity display unit (RSSI1) 9, a second signal intensity display unit (RSSI2) 10, a comparison control unit 11, and a demodulator 12 are provided.
- the received wave (desired wave and interference wave) received by the antenna 1 is amplified with low noise by the LNA 2 and mixed to the near zero intermediate frequency (near zero IF) or zero intermediate frequency (zero IF) by the mixer 3 and the local oscillator 4.
- the zero IF is an analog baseband frequency.
- undersampling is performed by the A / D converter 5, and in the case of zero IF, a direct conversion method is used.
- the intermediate frequency signal (IF signal or analog baseband signal) is A / D converted by the A / D converter 5 and supplied to the demodulator 12.
- the desired wave in order to prevent the desired wave from being distorted when the mixed wave of the desired wave and the interference wave passes through the A / D converter 5, an appropriate back-off is ensured from the full range level of the A / D converter 5.
- the mixed wave needs to pass through the A / D converter 5 below the level. Therefore, the received signal strength detected by the RSSI 1 (9) on the output side of the A / D converter 5 is compared and determined, and the received signal strength exceeding the allowable threshold is analog provided on the input side of the A / D converter 5.
- Gain reduction control to the variable gain function unit 6 is performed.
- the comparison controller 11 can set, in the analog variable gain function unit 6, a gain that is proportional (or substantially proportional) to the received signal strength of RSSI1 (9) that exceeds the allowable threshold.
- the desired wave and the mixed wave of the interference wave pass through the configuration of the channel selection filter 8 from the A / D converter 5 (here, the near-zero IF or the zero IF is assumed to be an LPF configuration), so that only the desired wave is a channel. While passing through the selection filter 8 with low loss, the interference wave is suppressed to a low level so that the channel selection filter 8 significantly attenuates and does not deteriorate the demodulation processing of the desired wave.
- the input side level of the channel selection filter 8 is detected by RSSI 1 (9)
- the output side level of the channel selection filter 8 is detected by RSSI 2 (10)
- both are supplied to the comparison controller 11.
- the comparison controller 11 can estimate the presence of the interference wave by subtracting the detection level of RSSI2 (10) from the detection level of RSSI1 (9).
- the comparison controller 11 determines that “there is a jamming wave”, whereas when the level difference between the two is smaller than the allowable threshold, It is determined that “no disturbing wave” or “the disturbing wave has a negligible low level”. Further, the comparison controller 11 sets the desired wave input to the demodulator 12 based on the determination result of the presence / absence of the interference wave to an appropriate level, so that the digital variable gain function unit 7 provided at the subsequent stage of the channel selection filter 8 On the other hand, gain increase control is performed. This configuration is a feature of the first embodiment compared to the prior art.
- the comparison controller 11 sets, in the digital variable gain function unit 7, a gain that is proportional (or substantially proportional) to the amount by which the level difference between RSSI1 (9) and RSSI2 (10) exceeds the allowable threshold. Further, the comparison controller 11 can set the minimum gain of the digital variable gain function unit 7 to “1 ⁇ ” in terms of magnification.
- the desired wave that has passed through the channel selection filter 8 (where the interference wave has been attenuated to a low level that does not affect the demodulation processing by the channel selection filter 8) is based on the result of the presence or absence of the interference wave in the comparison controller 11. Since the level is controlled by the digital variable gain function unit 7, the desired wave input to the demodulator 12 is set to an appropriate level.
- an analog variable gain function is used to prevent the A / D converter 5 from being saturated by an interference wave when the presence of the interference wave is detected by the comparison controller 11.
- the gain of the digital variable gain function unit 7 is increased by the amount that the gain of the unit 6 is reduced (that is, -a [dB], -b [dB]) (that is, + a [dB], + b [dB]).
- AGC control is performed so as to restore the desired wave level that has temporarily dropped. If the interference wave is not detected by the comparison controller 11, the analog variable gain function unit 6 has a reduced gain ( ⁇ a [dB], ⁇ B) in order to prevent the saturation of the A / D converter 5 by the desired wave.
- the gain control of the digital variable gain function unit 7 is not performed (ie, 0 dB), and the desired wave level is maintained and supplied to the demodulator 12.
- the desired wave changes at a high level
- the level is further increased by the digital variable gain function unit 7 at the final stage, and the input level of the demodulator 12 is clipped or the demodulator 12 is saturated.
- AGC control is performed to avoid it.
- the receiving apparatus of the first embodiment can set the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator 12 to be equal to or higher than the minimum expression level of the demodulator 12 regardless of the presence or absence of the interference wave.
- the receiving apparatus ensures a desired C / N ratio or higher (that is, the minimum expression level of the demodulator 12 is not regarded as a noise level).
- the desired wave can be transmitted to the circuit portion after the demodulator 12.
- the receiver can reduce the dynamic range (required number of bits) required for the demodulator 12 when receiving a desired wave in the vicinity of the lowest sensitivity accompanied by a strong interference wave, thereby simplifying the circuit configuration.
- power consumption can be reduced.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the receiving apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2A shows a level diagram and AGC operation when only a desired wave exists
- FIG. 2B shows a level diagram and AGC operation when a desired wave and an interference wave exist.
- the detection level of RSSI 1 (9) in the AGC loop based on the desired wave is compared with the comparison controller 11.
- the gain reduction control ( ⁇ a [dB], ⁇ b [dB] of the analog variable gain function unit 6 is performed. ]).
- the signal level before and after the channel selection filter 8 provided in the digital baseband unit to suppress the interference wave is monitored by RSSI1 (9) and RSSI2 (10), and the level difference between the two is allowed by the comparison controller 11.
- the presence / absence of an interference wave is determined by comparison with a threshold value.
- the level difference between RSSI1 (9) and RSSI2 (10) is large, it is determined that “there is an interference wave”, and when the level difference between the two is small, it is determined that there is no interference wave.
- the comparison / determination unit 11 determines that “no interference wave”, and the A / D converter 5 is turned on by the desired wave. It is determined that the gain of the analog variable gain function unit 6 is lowered so as not to be saturated ( ⁇ a [dB], ⁇ b [dB]), and the gain of the digital variable gain function unit 7 is not controlled (that is, gain) “0 dB”) The level of the desired wave is maintained and supplied to the demodulator 12.
- the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator 12 is equal to or higher than the minimum expression level of the demodulator 12. That is, since the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator 12 is equal to or higher than the minimum expression level, it is possible to demodulate while maintaining the C / N ratio with the noise level necessary for the demodulation process of the desired wave. Further, since only the desired wave is input to the receiving apparatus, the dynamic range required for securing the input level of the demodulator 12 can be small.
- an interference variable is an analog variable gain function for preventing the saturation of the A / D converter 5 by the interference wave and ensuring a back-off for the amount of the interference wave level exceeding the allowable threshold by the comparison determination by the comparison controller 11.
- the gain reduction control (-a [dB], -b [dB]) of the unit 6 is performed.
- the analog variable gain function unit 6 performs gain reduction control (-a [dB], -b [dB]) on the desired wave near the lowest sensitivity as well as the interference wave, and therefore the A / D converter 5 and the subsequent steps. In this circuit portion, the desired wave level is lowered.
- the interference wave and the desired wave pass through the channel selection filter 8, the interference wave level is extremely lowered and is suppressed below the desired wave level.
- the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator 12 remains below the minimum expression level, so that the information on the desired wave is cut off at the minimum expression level of the demodulator 12 and partially lost. There was a concern that the demodulator would be extremely degraded or could not be demodulated.
- the signal levels before and after the channel selection filter 8 provided in the digital baseband unit to suppress the interference wave are monitored by RSSI1 (9) and RSSI2 (10). Then, the comparison controller 11 compares the level difference between the two to determine the presence or absence of an interfering wave.
- the comparison controller 11 detects that there is a level difference equal to or greater than an allowable threshold value between RSSI 1 (9) and RSSI 2 (10). Is determined. In this case, it is determined that the gain of the analog variable gain function unit 6 has decreased to prevent saturation of the A / D converter 5 due to the interference wave ( ⁇ a [dB], ⁇ b [dB]), and the gain decrease
- the AGC control is performed so that the gain of the digital variable gain function section 7 is increased (+ a [dB], + b [dB]), and the desired wave level temporarily lowered is restored.
- the AGC control of the digital variable gain function unit 7 based on the result of the presence / absence determination of the jamming wave causes the input level of the desired wave to the demodulator 12 to shift above the minimum expression level. Since the information on the desired wave is not cut out or lost at the minimum expression level of the demodulator 12, the receiving apparatus can receive the desired wave in the vicinity of the lowest sensitivity without being demodulated or demodulated even in an environment where a strong interference wave exists. Can be received and demodulated.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a receiving apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 3, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the difference between the receiving apparatus of the second embodiment and the receiving apparatus of the first embodiment is that the LNA 2 is replaced with an LNA 13 with a variable gain function.
- the LNA 13 is gain controlled by the comparison controller 11.
- the comparison controller 11 compares and determines the detection level of the RSSI 1 (9) on the output side of the A / D converter 5 in order to prevent saturation of the A / D converter 5 and to ensure backoff.
- the amount exceeding the threshold is dealt with by reducing the gains of the LNA 13 and the analog variable gain function unit 6. That is, gain reduction control for coping with the interference wave level exceeding the allowable threshold is executed using the LNA 13 in addition to the analog variable gain function unit 6.
- the receiving apparatus since the receiving apparatus according to the present invention performs AGC control based on the presence / absence determination of an interference wave, the input level to the demodulator of the desired wave is set to the minimum expression level or higher regardless of the presence / absence of the interference wave.
- the desired wave is applied to the circuit portion after the demodulator while ensuring the desired C / N ratio. Can guide you.
- the receiving apparatus of the present invention When the receiving apparatus of the present invention is applied to an uplink mobile terminal apparatus of a base station, it is possible to demodulate a desired wave without depending on the distance (far / near) between the mobile terminal apparatuses, and a wide reception dynamic range and Interference wave tolerance (that is, reception sensitivity suppression tolerance) can be ensured.
- the dynamic range (necessary number of bits) required for the demodulator is reduced by adopting the reception configuration of the present invention. Therefore, there is no need to increase the circuit scale, and power consumption can be reduced.
- the configuration of the receiving apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments described above, and includes various modifications within the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims. It is.
- the receiving apparatus of the present invention can reliably receive and demodulate a desired wave near the lowest sensitivity regardless of the presence or absence of an interference wave, a base station in a mobile phone or a mobile communication system, a base station in a fixed communication network, The present invention can be applied to a ground station in a satellite communication system or a receiving terminal device in a broadcasting system.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2011年7月8日に日本国に出願された特願2011-151634号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
特許文献10では、利得制御の規準が妨害波を含まず希望波のみとなる点に鑑み、RF(無線周波数)のAGC利得とIF(中間周波数)のAGC利得とを夫々独立可変制御する方法を開示している。
図4に示す受信装置は、ダイレクトコンバージョン方式やシングルコンバージョン方式若しくは複数のコンバージョン方式において、A/Dコンバータの飽和防止とバックオフ確保(ピーク成分を有する変調信号を歪ませずに通過させるために必要な措置)を行なうものである。このため、A/Dコンバータ5の出力側に設けたRSSI9(チャンネル選択フィルタ8の出力側で希望波をモニタする回路)による検出レベルを比較判定し、当該検出レベルが許容閾値を超えた分についてはA/Dコンバータ5の入力部に設けたアナログ可変利得機能部6への利得低減制限を行なっている。しかし、この受信装置には図5にて説明したような問題点がある。
妨害波が許容閾値を超えた分については、A/Dコンバータ5の飽和防止とバックオフ確保を目指してアナログ可変利得機能部6の利得低減制御(-a[dB]、-b[dB])が行なわれるが、その際、受信装置において最低感度付近の低い希望波についても妨害波と同様にアナログ可変利得機能部6の利得低減制御(-a[dB]、-b[dB])が行なわれるため、A/Dコンバータ5以降において希望波レベルが低下するという問題点がある。更に、チャンネル選択フィルタ8を妨害波及び希望波が通過して妨害波レベルが極度に減衰した場合、妨害波レベルは希望波レベル以下に抑圧されるが、図5(b)に示すように希望波の復調器12への入力レベルは最小表現レベル以下に低下したままであるため、希望波の情報は復調器12の最小表現レベルで切り取られて情報量が一部失われ、極度な復調劣化若しくは復調不能の状況に陥ることとなる。
本発明は、ダイレクトコンバージョン方式やシングルコンバージョン方式、若しくは複数コンバージョン方式に基づいてA/Dコンバータ(ADC)の飽和防止とバックオフ確保を行なう。このため、ADC出力側でRSSI1(Received Signal Strength Idicator 1)により検出された受信信号強度を比較制御器で判定し、許容閾値を超えた受信信号強度についてはADC入力側に設けたアナログ可変利得機能部への利得低減制御を行なう。
まず、アンテナ1で受信した受信波(希望波及び妨害波)はLNA2で低雑音増幅され、混合器3及び局部発振器4によりニアゼロの中間周波数(ニアゼロIF)又はゼロ中間周波数(ゼロIF)へミックスダウンされる。ここで、ゼロIFはアナログベースバンド周波数である。ニアゼロIFの場合はA/Dコンバータ5でのアンダーサンプリングを行い、ゼロIFの場合はダイレクトコンバージョン方式となる。
2 LNA(低雑音増幅器)
3 混合器
4 局部発振器
5 A/Dコンバータ
6 アナログ可変利得機能部
7 ディジタル可変利得機能部
8 チャンネル選択フィルタ
9 RSSI1
10 RSSI2
11 比較制御器
12 復調器
Claims (10)
- 希望波と妨害波が混在した受信波を受信して自動利得制御及び復調を行なう受信装置であって、
受信波を増幅する低雑音増幅器と、
局部発振周波数を用いて前記低雑音増幅器から出力される受信信号を中間周波数信号に変換する中間周波数変換部と、
中間周波数信号を第1の利得で増幅するアナログ可変利得機能部と、
前記アナログ可変利得機能部で増幅された中間周波数信号をアナログ・ディジタル変換するA/D変換部と、
前記A/D変換部から出力されたディジタル信号から特定チャンネルの周波数帯を濾波するチャンネル選択フィルタと、
前記チャンネル選択フィルタで濾波された特定チャンネルのディジタル信号を第2の利得で増幅するディジタル可変利得機能部と、
前記A/D変換部から出力されたディジタル信号から第1の受信信号強度を検出する第1のRSSI部と、
前記チャンネル選択フィルタで濾波された特定チャンネルのディジタル信号から第2の受信信号強度を検出する第2のRSSI部と、
第1の受信信号強度が許容閾値を超えた分に基づいて第1の利得を算出して前記アナログ可変利得機能部に指定するとともに、第1の受信信号強度と第2の受信信号強度とのレベル差が許容閾値を超えた場合、前記アナログ可変利得機能部に設定した第1の利得に基づいて第2の利得を算出して前記ディジタル可変利得機能部に指定する比較制御部と、
前記ディジタル可変利得機能部で増幅されたディジタル信号を復調する復調器とを具備する受信装置。 - 前記比較制御部は第1の受信信号強度が許容閾値を超えた分に基づいて第3の利得を算出して前記低雑音増幅器に指定するようにした請求項1記載の受信装置。
- 前記比較制御部は第1の受信信号強度が許容閾値を超えた分に比例又は略比例する第1の利得を算出するようにした請求項1記載の受信装置。
- 前記比較制御部は第1の受信信号強度と第2の受信信号強度とのレベル差が許容閾値を超えた場合、前記アナログ可変利得機能部に設定した第1の利得に基づいて第2の利得を算出するようにした請求項1記載の受信装置。
- 前記比例制御部は、第1の受信信号強度と第2の受信信号強度とのレベル差が許容閾値より小さい場合には、第2の利得を倍率換算にして1倍とするようにした請求項4記載の受信装置。
- 希望波と妨害波が混在した受信波を受信して自動利得制御及び復調を行なう受信装置に適用される利得制御方法であって、
受信波を低雑音増幅して受信信号を生成し、
局部発振周波数を用いて受信信号を中間周波数信号に変換し、
中間周波数信号を第1の利得で増幅し、
中間周波数信号をディジタル信号に変換し、
ディジタル信号から特定チャンネルの周波数帯を濾波し、
特定チャンネルのディジタル信号を第2の利得で増幅し、
ディジタル信号から第1の受信信号強度を検出し、
特定チャンネルのディジタル信号から第2の受信信号強度を検出し、
第1の受信信号強度が許容閾値を超えた分に基づいて第1の利得を算出し、
第1の受信信号強度と第2の受信信号強度とのレベル差が許容閾値を超えた場合、第2の利得を算出し、
第2の利得で増幅された特定チャンネルのディジタル信号を復調するようにした利得制御方法。 - 第1の受信信号強度が許容閾値を超えた分に基づいて第3の利得を算出し、当該第3の利得で受信波を低雑音増幅するようにした請求項6記載の利得制御方法。
- 第1の受信信号強度が許容閾値を超えた分に比例又は略比例する第1の利得を算出するようにした請求項6記載の利得制御方法。
- 第1の受信信号強度と第2の受信信号強度とのレベル差が許容閾値を超えた場合、第2の利得を算出するようにした請求項6記載の利得制御方法。
- 第1の受信信号強度と第2の受信信号強度とのレベル差が許容閾値より小さい場合には、第2の利得を倍率換算にして1倍とするようにした請求項9記載の利得制御方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2014102593A (ru) | 2015-08-20 |
US20140133606A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
EP2731265B1 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
JPWO2013008747A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
JP5783251B2 (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
RU2576593C2 (ru) | 2016-03-10 |
CN103703683A (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
US9118294B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
EP2731265A4 (en) | 2015-03-25 |
EP2731265A1 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
CN103703683B (zh) | 2016-03-16 |
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