WO2012172782A1 - 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ及び非水電解質蓄電デバイス - Google Patents
非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ及び非水電解質蓄電デバイス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012172782A1 WO2012172782A1 PCT/JP2012/003830 JP2012003830W WO2012172782A1 WO 2012172782 A1 WO2012172782 A1 WO 2012172782A1 JP 2012003830 W JP2012003830 W JP 2012003830W WO 2012172782 A1 WO2012172782 A1 WO 2012172782A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- porous membrane
- separator
- electricity storage
- storage device
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 317
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 316
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 69
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 63
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 58
- 239000003361 porogen Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 42
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 30
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 27
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- WHQSYGRFZMUQGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylformamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.CN(C)C=O WHQSYGRFZMUQGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylazepan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN1CCCCCC1=O AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate Natural products COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 3
- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N1CC1CO1 OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910014033 C-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910014570 C—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dapsone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002388 carbon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001786 chalcogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium titanium Chemical compound [Li].[Ti] SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMVLMHGTZULBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,2,2-tris(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1CC(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)O)(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)O)C1=CC=CC=C1O LMVLMHGTZULBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANOPCGQVRXJHHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(3-aminopropyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecan-9-yl]propan-1-amine Chemical compound C1OC(CCCN)OCC21COC(CCCN)OC2 ANOPCGQVRXJHHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYUINKARGUCCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-imino-n-propylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCNCCC=N XYUINKARGUCCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOGSPLLRMRSADR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-aminopropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(N)C1CCC(C)(N)CC1 KOGSPLLRMRSADR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMJBXEZHJUYJQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(aminomethyl)octane-1,8-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCC(CN)CCCN HMJBXEZHJUYJQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methyl]-2-methylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)C(C)CC1CC1CC(C)C(N)CC1 IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5K8XI641G3 Chemical compound CCC1=NC=C(C)N1 ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004953 Aliphatic polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006369 KF polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002862 amidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MRNZSTMRDWRNNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(hexamethylene)triamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCNCCCCCCN MRNZSTMRDWRNNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006257 cathode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZETYUTMSJWMKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n',n'-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CNCCCCCCN(C)C ZETYUTMSJWMKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002896 organic halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium disulfide Chemical compound S=[Ti]=S CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000319 transition metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
- C08J9/283—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum a discontinuous liquid phase emulsified in a continuous macromolecular phase
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/02—Diaphragms; Separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/046—Elimination of a polymeric phase
- C08J2201/0464—Elimination of a polymeric phase using water or inorganic fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator for a nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device and a nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device.
- the present invention particularly relates to a separator using an epoxy resin.
- polyolefin porous membranes have been used as separators for nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage devices.
- the polyolefin porous membrane can be produced by the method described below.
- a polyolefin solution is prepared by mixing and heating a solvent and a polyolefin resin.
- a mold such as a T-die
- the polyolefin solution is discharged and cooled while forming into a sheet shape to obtain a sheet-like molded body.
- a solvent is removed from a molded object.
- An organic solvent is used in the step of removing the solvent from the molded body (see Patent Document 1).
- halogenated organic compound such as dichloromethane is often used as the organic solvent.
- the use of halogenated organic compounds is problematic because the environmental burden is very large.
- the porous epoxy resin membrane can be produced by removing porogen from the epoxy resin sheet using a halogen-free solvent. Also, parameters such as porosity and pore diameter can be controlled relatively easily depending on the content and type of porogen.
- the epoxy resin porous membrane has been regarded as inferior to the polyolefin porous membrane in terms of characteristics as a separator for a non-aqueous electrolyte electricity storage device. As will be described later as a comparative example, even in the initial study by the present inventors, the electricity storage device using the epoxy resin porous membrane as a separator did not exhibit sufficient charge / discharge characteristics.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a separator for a nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device provided with an improved epoxy resin porous membrane.
- the present invention A separator for a non-aqueous electrolyte electricity storage device comprising an epoxy resin porous membrane, To the peak intensity Io of the absorption peak existing at 1240 cm ⁇ 1 of the infrared absorption spectrum of the epoxy resin porous film, to 1240 cm ⁇ 1 of the infrared absorption spectrum of the epoxy resin porous film after being subjected to acetic anhydride treatment Provided is a separator for a nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device, wherein a ratio I / Io of peak intensity I of existing peaks is 1.0 or more and 2.4 or less.
- acetic anhydride treatment means that an epoxy resin porous membrane is immersed in acetic anhydride at 20 ° C. for 10 minutes, then air-dried in a chamber at 23 ° C., and further heated in an oven at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes. This is a process to be executed.
- the present invention provides a cathode, an anode, Provided is a nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device comprising a separator according to the present invention disposed between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte having ion conductivity.
- the separator for a non-aqueous electrolyte electricity storage device provided with an epoxy resin porous membrane can be improved so as to be suitable for improving the charge / discharge characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte electricity storage device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the figure which shows an example of the change of the infrared absorption spectrum of the epoxy resin porous membrane accompanying acetic anhydride treatment (comparative example 3) Partial enlarged view of FIG. 2A Partial enlarged view of FIG. 2A
- the figure which shows an example of the change of the infrared absorption spectrum of the epoxy resin porous membrane accompanying acetic anhydride treatment (Example 1) Partial enlarged view of FIG. 3A Partial enlarged view of FIG. 3A
- normal temperature means a temperature range of 5 ° C. to 35 ° C.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device 100 includes a cathode 2, an anode 3, a separator 4, and a case 5.
- the separator 4 is disposed between the cathode 2 and the anode 3.
- the cathode 2, the anode 3 and the separator 4 are integrally wound to constitute an electrode group 10 as a power generation element.
- the electrode group 10 is accommodated in a case 5 having a bottom.
- the electricity storage device 100 is typically a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the case 5 has a cylindrical shape. That is, the electricity storage device 100 has a cylindrical shape.
- the shape of the electricity storage device 100 is not particularly limited.
- the electricity storage device 100 may have, for example, a flat square shape.
- the electrode group 10 does not require a winding structure.
- a plate-like electrode group may be formed by simply laminating the cathode 2, the separator 4 and the anode 3.
- the case 5 is made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum.
- the electrode group 10 may be put in a case made of a flexible material.
- the flexible material is composed of, for example, an aluminum foil and a resin film bonded to both surfaces of the aluminum foil.
- the electricity storage device 100 further includes a cathode lead 2a, an anode lead 3a, a lid body 6, a packing 9, and two insulating plates 8.
- the lid 6 is fixed to the opening of the case 5 via the packing 9.
- the two insulating plates 8 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower portions of the electrode group 10.
- the cathode lead 2 a has one end electrically connected to the cathode 2 and the other end electrically connected to the lid body 6.
- the anode lead 3 a has one end electrically connected to the anode 3 and the other end electrically connected to the bottom of the case 5.
- the electricity storage device 100 is filled with a nonaqueous electrolyte (typically a nonaqueous electrolyte) having ion conductivity.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte is impregnated in the electrode group 10.
- ions typically lithium ions
- the cathode 2 can be composed of, for example, a cathode active material that can occlude and release lithium ions, a binder, and a current collector.
- the cathode 2 can be produced by mixing a cathode active material with a solution containing a binder to prepare a mixture, and applying and drying the mixture on a cathode current collector.
- the well-known material used as a cathode active material of a lithium ion secondary battery can be used, for example.
- lithium-containing transition metal oxides, lithium-containing transition metal phosphates, chalcogen compounds, and the like can be used as the cathode active material.
- the lithium-containing transition metal oxide include LiCoO 2 , LiMnO 2 , LiNiO 2 , and compounds in which a part of these transition metals is substituted with another metal.
- the lithium-containing transition metal phosphorous oxide include compounds in which a part of the transition metal (Fe) of LiFePO 4 and LiFePO 4 is substituted with another metal.
- the chalcogen compound include titanium disulfide and molybdenum disulfide.
- a known resin can be used as the binder.
- fluorine resins such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), hexafluoropropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, hydrocarbon resins such as styrene butadiene rubber and ethylene propylene terpolymer, and mixtures thereof can be used as the binder.
- a conductive powder such as carbon black may be contained in the cathode 2 as a conductive aid.
- a metal material excellent in oxidation resistance for example, aluminum processed into a foil shape or a mesh shape is preferably used.
- the anode 3 can be composed of, for example, an anode active material that can occlude and release lithium ions, a binder, and a current collector.
- the anode 3 can also be produced by the same method as the cathode 2.
- the same binder as that used for the cathode 2 can be used for the anode 3.
- anode active material for example, a known material used as an anode active material of a lithium ion secondary battery can be used.
- a carbon-based active material, an alloy-based active material capable of forming an alloy with lithium, a lithium-titanium composite oxide (for example, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ), or the like can be used as the anode active material.
- the carbon-based active material include calcined bodies such as coke, pitch, phenol resin, polyimide, and cellulose, artificial graphite, and natural graphite.
- the alloy active material include aluminum, tin, tin compounds, silicon, and silicon compounds.
- anode current collector for example, a metal material excellent in reduction stability, for example, copper or copper alloy processed into a foil shape or a mesh shape is preferably used.
- a high potential anode active material such as lithium titanium composite oxide is used
- aluminum processed into a foil shape or mesh shape can also be used as the anode current collector.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte typically includes a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte.
- an electrolytic solution in which a lithium salt (electrolyte) is dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent can be suitably used.
- a gel electrolyte containing a non-aqueous electrolyte, a solid electrolyte obtained by dissolving and decomposing a lithium salt in a polymer such as polyethylene oxide, and the like can also be used as the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Non-aqueous solvents include propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), ⁇ -butyrolactone ( ⁇ -BL), and mixtures thereof. It is done.
- the separator 4 is composed of an epoxy resin porous film having a three-dimensional network skeleton and pores. Adjacent holes may be in communication with each other so that ions can move between the front and back surfaces of the separator 4, that is, ions can move between the cathode 2 and the anode 3.
- the degree of change due to acetic anhydride treatment of the peak intensity existing at 1240 cm ⁇ 1 in the infrared absorption spectrum (IR spectrum) of the porous epoxy resin film constituting the separator 4 is suppressed as compared with the prior art.
- the ratio I / Io of the peak intensity I after acetic anhydride treatment to the peak intensity Io before acetic anhydride treatment is 1.0 or more and 2.4 or less, preferably 1.0 or more and 1.6 or less. It is in.
- the amount of the active hydroxyl group may be directly evaluated by the change in the absorption peak derived from the hydroxyl group, but the baseline of the absorption spectrum in the wavelength region where this absorption peak exists is scattered by the pores contained in the porous epoxy resin membrane. Susceptible to. For this reason, in order to evaluate the amount of hydroxyl groups using this absorption peak, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of the change in the state of the pores due to the acetic anhydride treatment. Absorption peaks due to C ⁇ O bonds may also be affected by scattering by holes. In view of these, it is more appropriate to evaluate the amount of active hydroxyl group based on the peak at 1240 cm ⁇ 1 derived from the C—O—C bond.
- the carboxylic acid amide bond is represented by the general formula: N—C ( ⁇ O) —R.
- the CN bond contained in this bond has absorption in the vicinity of 1240 cm ⁇ 1 . Therefore, from this viewpoint, it is considered appropriate to evaluate the porous epoxy resin membrane based on the peak existing at 1240 cm ⁇ 1 .
- the evaluation based on the absorption peak existing at 1240 cm ⁇ 1 is basically for estimating the amount of active hydroxyl group, but the epoxy resin is insufficient in curing reaction and an epoxy having a considerable amount of secondary amine is present.
- a resin porous membrane it can utilize as what also evaluates the quantity of the secondary amine (active secondary amine) which can participate in reaction.
- acetic anhydride treatment is mainly described as a treatment for evaluating the amount of active hydroxyl groups. To be precise, acetic anhydride treatment is to evaluate the amount of active secondary amines together with active hydroxyl groups. It is a process for making possible.
- the amount of active hydroxyl groups contained in the epoxy resin porous membrane (more precisely, the ratio of the amount of active hydroxyl groups to the total amount of hydroxyl groups) is affected by the specific surface area of the epoxy resin porous membrane.
- the specific surface area of the porous epoxy resin membrane tends to increase as the temperature of the solution when stirring to prepare the epoxy resin composition increases. Therefore, the preparation of the epoxy resin composition is performed while keeping the solution temperature at the time of stirring not to be too high, specifically while keeping the solution temperature at the time of stirring at less than 65 ° C., or even less than 60 ° C. It is preferable to do.
- the solution temperature at the time of stirring is too low, the curing reaction of the epoxy resin does not proceed sufficiently, and the crosslinked structure becomes undeveloped. If the crosslinking is not sufficiently formed, hydroxyl groups are easily exposed as active hydroxyl groups in the porous epoxy resin membrane, and the amount of secondary amine is increased. Accordingly, the solution temperature is preferably 30 ° C. or higher, more preferably 33 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 35 ° C. or higher.
- the epoxy resin composition is prepared by stirring a solution in which an epoxy resin (prepolymer), a curing agent and a porogen (pore forming agent) are mixed. At this time, heat generated by the reaction between the epoxy resin and the curing agent increases the temperature of the solution.
- One effective technique for suppressing the rise in solution temperature is to add the curing agent in two portions. More specifically, the epoxy resin composition comprises a step A of stirring a solution containing an epoxy resin, a porogen, and a part of a curing agent, adding another part of the curing agent to the solution, and further adding a solution. It is preferable to prepare by the method comprising the step B of stirring. Step B may be carried out twice or more, and in the final step B, the remainder of the curing agent to be added is added to the solution.
- the amount of active hydroxyl group contained in the porous epoxy resin membrane is also affected by the stirring speed of the epoxy resin composition. Although it is against the improvement of production efficiency, it takes a long time to suppress the stirring speed (specifically, the number of rotations per unit time for stirring) by the stirring device when preparing the epoxy resin composition. It is preferable to mix each component.
- the preferred stirring speed (rotation speed of the stirring device) and stirring time vary depending on the type of stirring device, the amount of the solution to be stirred, the reactivity between the epoxy resin and the curing agent, etc., and are therefore difficult to describe uniformly. There is.
- stirring is performed while appropriately measuring the temperature, or stirring conditions in which the solution temperature does not rise above a predetermined value (for example, 60 ° C.) by a test in advance It is advisable to carry out stirring after grasping the above.
- a predetermined value for example, 60 ° C.
- the amount of the active hydroxyl group contained in the epoxy resin porous membrane is not determined only by the solution temperature during stirring.
- Factors that affect the amount of active hydroxyl groups include the above-mentioned solution temperature, the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy resin, ⁇ for the epoxy resin composition ( ⁇ will be described later), and the reactivity between the epoxy resin and the curing agent.
- an equivalent ratio of epoxy equivalent to curing agent is also included. The examples described below are useful guidelines for how to determine these factors.
- an epoxy resin porous membrane having a reduced amount of active hydroxyl groups can be obtained by employing the following method. Can do.
- a reliable method of reducing the active hydroxyl group contained in the epoxy resin porous membrane is to pretreat (pretreat) the epoxy resin porous membrane or the epoxy resin sheet with a carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof. Specifically, it is contained in the epoxy resin porous membrane by bringing the epoxy resin porous membrane or the epoxy resin sheet into contact with at least one compound selected from carboxylic acid, carboxylate, carboxylic anhydride and carboxylic acid halide. It is preferable to react the hydroxyl group contained in the cured product of the epoxy resin composition constituting the hydroxyl group or epoxy resin sheet with the compound to form a carboxylic acid ester bond.
- the solution temperature at the time of stirring is, for example, less than 120 ° C, preferably less than 100 ° C.
- a carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof (RC ( ⁇ O) —X)
- the carbon atom and the nitrogen atom at the left end of the carboxylic acid ester bond (C—O—C ( ⁇ O) —R) and the carboxylic acid amide bond (N—C ( ⁇ O) —R) are molecular chains of the epoxy resin.
- the rightmost R is an organic residue such as carboxylic acid.
- the intensity ratio I / Io for the absorption peak at 1240 cm ⁇ 1 before and after the acetic anhydride treatment is decreased by previously esterifying or amidating these active functional groups. And approaches 1.0. It is also possible to carry out a treatment similar to the above-mentioned acetic anhydride treatment as a pretreatment.
- the active amine remaining in the curing agent taken into the epoxy resin is a secondary amine, but the primary amine may remain in the curing agent taken into the film. . Therefore, more precisely, the carboxylic acid amide bond is formed by the reaction of the active primary amine or active secondary amine remaining in the membrane with acetic anhydride.
- the above carboxylic acid ester bond constitutes a branched chain (—O—C ( ⁇ O) —R) branched from the main chain constituting the epoxy resin, as is apparent from the formation process. Further, the carboxylic acid amide bond constitutes a branched chain (—C ( ⁇ O) —R) branched from the main chain constituting the epoxy resin.
- a preferred example of the epoxy resin porous membrane according to the present invention is a carboxylic acid ester bond in which the epoxy resin constituting the porous membrane is composed of a carbon atom in the main chain and a branched chain from the same atom, and / or It contains a carboxylic acid amide bond composed of a nitrogen atom in the main chain and a branched chain from the same atom, and has an intensity ratio I / Io of 1.0 to 2.4, and in some cases 1.0.
- examples of the carboxylic acid include aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid and caproic acid; aromatic monocarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid, toluic acid and tolylacetic acid; oxalic acid and malon Examples thereof include aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and phthalic acid.
- Examples of the carboxylate include alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and transition metal salts of the carboxylic acids exemplified above.
- Examples of the carboxylic anhydride include anhydrides of the carboxylic acids exemplified above, such as acetic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
- Examples of the carboxylic acid halide include halides of the carboxylic acids exemplified above, specifically, carboxylic acid fluorides, carboxylic acid chlorides, carboxylic acid bromides, and carboxylic acid iodides.
- the separator 4 has a thickness in the range of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, for example. If the separator 4 is too thick, it becomes difficult to move ions between the cathode 2 and the anode 3. Although it is not impossible to manufacture the separator 4 having a thickness of less than 5 ⁇ m, in order to ensure the reliability of the power storage device 100, a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or more, particularly 10 ⁇ m or more is preferable.
- the separator 4 has, for example, a porosity of 20 to 80% and an average pore diameter of 0.02 to 1 ⁇ m. When the porosity and average pore diameter are adjusted to such ranges, the separator 4 can sufficiently exhibit the required functions.
- the average pore diameter can be obtained by observing the cross section of the separator 4 with a scanning electron microscope. Specifically, image processing is performed for each of the holes existing in a range of a field width of 60 ⁇ m and a predetermined depth from the surface (for example, 1/5 to 1/100 of the thickness of the separator 4). Thus, the pore diameter can be obtained, and the average value thereof can be obtained as the average pore diameter.
- Image processing can be performed using, for example, free software “Image J” or “Photoshop” manufactured by Adobe.
- the separator 4 may have an air permeability (Gurley value) in the range of 1 to 1000 seconds / 100 cm 3 , particularly 10 to 1000 seconds / 100 cm 3 . Since the separator 4 has air permeability in such a range, ions can easily move between the cathode 2 and the anode 3.
- the air permeability can be measured according to a method defined in Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) P8117.
- the epoxy resin porous membrane can be produced, for example, by any of the following methods (a), (b), and (c).
- the methods (a) and (b) are common in that the curing step is performed after the epoxy resin composition is formed into a sheet.
- the method (c) is characterized in that an epoxy resin block-shaped cured body is formed and the cured body is formed into a sheet shape.
- Method (a) An epoxy resin composition containing an epoxy resin, a curing agent and a porogen is applied onto a substrate so that a sheet-like molded body of the epoxy resin composition is obtained. Thereafter, the sheet-like molded body of the epoxy resin composition is heated to three-dimensionally crosslink the epoxy resin. At that time, a co-continuous structure is formed by phase separation of the crosslinked epoxy resin and the porogen. Thereafter, the porogen is removed from the obtained epoxy resin sheet by washing and dried to obtain an epoxy resin porous film having pores communicating with the three-dimensional network skeleton.
- substrate is not specifically limited, A plastic substrate, a glass substrate, a metal plate, etc. can be used as a board
- Method (b) An epoxy resin composition containing an epoxy resin, a curing agent and a porogen is applied on the substrate. Thereafter, another substrate is placed on the applied epoxy resin composition to produce a sandwich structure. Note that spacers (for example, double-sided tape) may be provided at the four corners of the substrate in order to ensure a certain distance between the substrates. Next, the sandwich structure is heated to cross-link the epoxy resin three-dimensionally. At that time, a co-continuous structure is formed by phase separation of the crosslinked epoxy resin and the porogen. Thereafter, the obtained epoxy resin sheet is taken out, and the porogen is removed by washing, followed by drying, whereby an epoxy resin porous film having pores communicating with the three-dimensional network skeleton is obtained.
- substrate is not restrict
- Method (c) An epoxy resin composition containing an epoxy resin, a curing agent and a porogen is filled into a mold having a predetermined shape. Thereafter, a cured product of the cylindrical or columnar epoxy resin composition is produced by three-dimensionally crosslinking the epoxy resin. At that time, a co-continuous structure is formed by phase separation of the crosslinked epoxy resin and the porogen. Then, while rotating the hardening body of an epoxy resin composition centering on a cylinder axis
- the method for producing an epoxy resin porous membrane will be described in more detail while taking the method (c) as an example.
- the process of preparing an epoxy resin composition, the process of hardening an epoxy resin, the process of removing a porogen, etc. are common to each method.
- the material which can be used is common to each method.
- the epoxy resin porous membrane is manufactured through the following main steps.
- An epoxy resin composition is prepared.
- a cured product of the epoxy resin composition is formed into a sheet.
- the porogen is removed from the epoxy resin sheet.
- an epoxy resin composition containing an epoxy resin, a curing agent and a porogen is prepared. Specifically, an epoxy resin and a curing agent are dissolved in a porogen to prepare a uniform solution. However, as described above, when the temperature of the solution rises excessively when they are mixed at once, the curing agent may be added at least twice. Moreover, it is preferable to carry out stirring of a solution taking sufficient time in consideration of the temperature rise by stirring.
- an aromatic epoxy resin either an aromatic epoxy resin or a non-aromatic epoxy resin can be used.
- the aromatic epoxy resin include a polyphenyl-based epoxy resin, an epoxy resin containing a fluorene ring, an epoxy resin containing triglycidyl isocyanurate, an epoxy resin containing a heteroaromatic ring (for example, a triazine ring), and the like.
- Polyphenyl-based epoxy resins include bisphenol A type epoxy resins, brominated bisphenol A type epoxy resins, bisphenol F type epoxy resins, bisphenol AD type epoxy resins, stilbene type epoxy resins, biphenyl type epoxy resins, and bisphenol A novolak type epoxy resins.
- Non-aromatic epoxy resins include aliphatic glycidyl ether type epoxy resins, aliphatic glycidyl ester type epoxy resins, alicyclic glycidyl ether type epoxy resins, alicyclic glycidyl amine type epoxy resins, and alicyclic glycidyl ester type epoxy resins. Etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin brominated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol AD type epoxy resin, epoxy resin containing fluorene ring, epoxy resin containing triglycidyl isocyanurate, alicyclic glycidyl
- an epoxy equivalent of 6000 or less and a melting point of 170 ° C. or less are preferable. What has it can be used conveniently. When these epoxy resins are used, a uniform three-dimensional network skeleton and uniform pores can be formed, and excellent chemical resistance and high strength can be imparted to the epoxy resin porous membrane.
- the epoxy resin used as the separator for the nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device is particularly preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, an alicyclic glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, and an alicyclic glycidyl amine type epoxy resin.
- Aromatic curing agents include aromatic amines (eg, metaphenylenediamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, diaminodiphenylsulfone, benzyldimethylamine, dimethylaminomethylbenzene), aromatic acid anhydrides (eg, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride) , Pyromellitic anhydride), phenol resins, phenol novolac resins, amines containing heteroaromatic rings (for example, amines containing triazine rings), and the like.
- Non-aromatic curing agents include aliphatic amines (eg, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, iminobispropylamine, bis (hexamethylene) triamine, 1,3,6-trisaminomethylhexane , Polymethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, polyetherdiamine), alicyclic amines (eg, isophoronediamine, menthanediamine, N-aminoethylpiperazine, 3,9-bis (3-aminopropyl) 2,4, 8,10-tetraoxaspiro (5,5) undecane adduct, bis (4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl) methane, bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, modified products thereof), polyamines and dimer acid Including aliphatic polyamide Min, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a curing agent having two or more primary amines in the molecule can be suitably used. Specifically, at least one selected from the group consisting of metaphenylenediamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, diaminodiphenylsulfone, polymethylenediamine, bis (4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl) methane and bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane. Can be suitably used.
- these curing agents are used, a uniform three-dimensional network skeleton and uniform pores can be formed, and high strength and appropriate elasticity can be imparted to the epoxy resin porous membrane.
- a combination of an epoxy resin and a curing agent a combination of an aromatic epoxy resin and an aliphatic amine curing agent, a combination of an aromatic epoxy resin and an alicyclic amine curing agent, or an alicyclic epoxy resin and an aromatic amine A combination with a curing agent is preferred. With these combinations, excellent heat resistance can be imparted to the porous epoxy resin membrane.
- the porogen may be a solvent that can dissolve the epoxy resin and the curing agent. Porogens are also used as solvents that can cause reaction-induced phase separation after the epoxy resin and curing agent are polymerized. Specifically, cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve, esters such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene monomethyl ether and polyoxyethylene Ethers such as dimethyl ether can be used as the porogen. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 or less, polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 500 or less, polyoxyethylene monomethyl ether, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate can be preferably used.
- these porogens are used, a uniform three-dimensional network skeleton and uniform pores can be formed. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a solvent in which a reaction product of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is soluble can be used as a porogen.
- porogen include brominated bisphenol A type epoxy resin (“Epicoat 5058” manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.).
- the porosity, average pore size, and pore size distribution of the epoxy resin porous membrane vary depending on the type of raw material, the mixing ratio of the raw material, and reaction conditions (for example, heating temperature and heating time during reaction-induced phase separation). Therefore, it is preferable to select optimum conditions in order to obtain the target porosity, average pore diameter, and pore diameter distribution.
- reaction conditions for example, heating temperature and heating time during reaction-induced phase separation. Therefore, it is preferable to select optimum conditions in order to obtain the target porosity, average pore diameter, and pore diameter distribution.
- the co-continuous structure of the crosslinked epoxy resin and porogen is fixed in a specific state and stable. A porous structure can be obtained.
- the blending ratio of the curing agent to the epoxy resin is, for example, 0.6 to 1.5 in terms of the curing agent equivalent to 1 equivalent of epoxy group.
- Appropriate curing agent equivalent contributes to improvement of properties such as heat resistance, chemical durability and mechanical properties of the porous epoxy resin membrane.
- a curing accelerator may be added to the solution in order to obtain the desired porous structure.
- the curing accelerator include tertiary amines such as triethylamine and tributylamine, and imidazoles such as 2-phenol-4-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, and 2-phenol-4,5-dihydroxyimidazole. It is done.
- porogen 40 to 80% by weight can be used with respect to the total weight of epoxy resin, curing agent and porogen.
- the curing agent and the porogen when the ratio of the total weight of the epoxy resin and the curing agent to the total weight of the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the porogen is expressed as ⁇ %, ⁇ is 30 to 50 It is preferable to prepare the epoxy resin composition so as to be in the range of%. By adjusting ⁇ to a preferred range, it becomes easy to adjust the reaction temperature from the viewpoint of composition, and film properties such as porosity, pore diameter, specific surface area, and structure can be adjusted to a preferred range.
- the average pore diameter of the epoxy resin porous membrane As one method for adjusting the average pore diameter of the epoxy resin porous membrane to a desired range, there is a method of using a mixture of two or more epoxy resins having different epoxy equivalents.
- the difference in epoxy equivalent is preferably 100 or more, and there are cases where an epoxy resin that is liquid at normal temperature and an epoxy resin that is solid at normal temperature are mixed and used.
- a cured product of the epoxy resin composition is prepared from a solution containing an epoxy resin, a curing agent and a porogen. Specifically, the solution is filled in a mold and heated as necessary. A cured body having a predetermined shape is obtained by three-dimensionally crosslinking the epoxy resin. In that case, a co-continuous structure is formed by phase-separation of a crosslinked epoxy resin and a porogen.
- the shape of the cured body is not particularly limited. If a columnar or cylindrical mold is used, a cured body having a cylindrical or columnar shape can be obtained. If the cured body has a cylindrical or columnar shape, it is easy to perform the cutting process.
- the dimensions of the cured body are not particularly limited.
- the diameter of the cured body is, for example, 20 cm or more, preferably 30 to 150 cm, from the viewpoint of manufacturing efficiency of the epoxy resin porous membrane.
- the length (axial direction) of the cured body can also be appropriately set in consideration of the dimensions of the epoxy resin porous film to be obtained.
- the length of the cured body is, for example, 20 to 200 cm, preferably 20 to 150 cm, and more preferably 20 to 120 cm from the viewpoint of ease of handling.
- the cured body is formed into a sheet.
- the cured body having a cylindrical or columnar shape can be formed into a sheet shape by the following method. Specifically, the hardened body is attached to the shaft, and the surface layer portion on the side surface of the hardened body is cut at a predetermined thickness using a cutting blade (slicer) so that an epoxy resin sheet having a long shape is obtained. (Slice). Specifically, the surface layer portion of the cured body is cut while rotating the cured body relative to the cutting blade around the cylindrical axis O (or the columnar axis) of the cured body. According to this method, an epoxy resin sheet can be efficiently produced.
- the line speed when cutting the cured body is, for example, in the range of 2 to 70 m / min.
- the thickness of the epoxy resin sheet is determined according to the target thickness (10 to 50 ⁇ m) of the epoxy resin porous membrane. Since the thickness is slightly reduced when the porogen is removed and dried, the epoxy resin sheet is usually slightly thicker than the target thickness of the porous epoxy resin membrane.
- the length of an epoxy resin sheet is not specifically limited, From a viewpoint of the manufacturing efficiency of an epoxy resin sheet, it is 100 m or more, for example, Preferably it is 1000 m or more.
- the porogen is extracted from the epoxy resin sheet and removed (porosification step). Specifically, it is preferable to remove the porogen from the epoxy resin sheet by immersing the epoxy resin sheet in a halogen-free solvent. Thereby, an epoxy resin porous membrane is obtained.
- halogen-free solvent for removing the porogen from the epoxy resin sheet at least one selected from the group consisting of water, DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide), DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and THF (tetrahydrofuran) is used. Can be used depending on the type. Also, supercritical fluids such as water and carbon dioxide can be used as a solvent for removing porogen. In order to positively remove the porogen from the epoxy resin sheet, ultrasonic cleaning may be performed, or the solvent may be heated and used.
- the cleaning device for removing the porogen is not particularly limited, and a known cleaning device can be used.
- a multi-stage cleaning apparatus having a plurality of cleaning tanks can be suitably used.
- the number of cleaning stages is more preferably 3 or more.
- the temperature of the solvent may be changed or the type of the solvent may be changed in the cleaning of each stage.
- the porous epoxy resin membrane is dried.
- the drying conditions are not particularly limited, and the temperature is usually about 40 to 120 ° C., preferably about 50 to 100 ° C., and the drying time is about 10 seconds to 5 minutes.
- a drying apparatus employing a known sheet drying method such as a tenter method, a floating method, a roll method, or a belt method can be used. A plurality of drying methods may be combined. However, when the active hydroxyl group is subsequently treated, this drying step may be omitted.
- the pretreatment (treatment process) for reducing the active hydroxyl group and the like it is preferable to use at least one selected from carboxylic acid, carboxylate, carboxylic acid anhydride and carboxylic acid halide as a treating agent.
- the treatment process may be performed before or after the porosification process for removing the porogen.
- a processing process can also be implemented as a merge process with a porous process. That is, the relationship between the treatment process and the porosity forming process is as shown in the following 1) to 3).
- the treatment process can be carried out before the porosification process.
- the epoxy resin sheet containing the cured epoxy resin composition and porogen before being made porous is the target of treatment, and the hydroxyl group contained in the cured epoxy resin composition reacts with the above compound. A carboxylic acid ester bond is formed.
- the treatment process can be carried out after the porosification process.
- the epoxy resin porous membrane becomes a target of treatment, and the hydroxyl group contained in the epoxy resin porous membrane reacts with the above compound to generate a carboxylic acid ester bond.
- the treatment step can be carried out as a merge step with the porous step.
- a treatment liquid containing the above compound and a solvent for removing the porogen is used, and a carboxylic acid ester bond is generated while removing the porogen from the epoxy resin sheet.
- the porosity due to the removal of the porogen from the epoxy resin sheet and the generation of carboxylic acid ester bonds on the surface formed by the porosity proceed in parallel.
- the amount of active hydroxyl groups and the like contained in the epoxy resin porous membrane is reduced by any of the above 1) to 3).
- the treatment of the active functional group is carried out by bringing the epoxy resin porous membrane or the epoxy resin sheet before being made porous into contact with the treatment liquid containing the treatment agent, specifically (a) the epoxy resin porous membrane or the treatment liquid. It can be carried out by immersing the epoxy resin sheet, or (b) applying or spraying the treatment liquid onto the epoxy resin porous membrane or the epoxy resin sheet.
- An aqueous solution is preferable as the treatment liquid, but is not limited thereto, and depending on the kind of the treatment agent, toluene, ethyl acetate, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acetonitrile, ethanol, isopropanol, or a mixed solvent thereof may be used as a solvent. Etc. may be used.
- the treatment agent is liquid at the treatment temperature, the liquid can be used as the treatment liquid as it is. That is, as the processing liquid, a liquid processing agent or a solution containing the processing agent can be used.
- the treatment of functional groups by application or spraying of the treatment liquid eliminates the need to consider the evaporation of the treatment liquid. It is suitable for mass production because the temperature of the treatment liquid can be easily controlled if adjusted.
- the treatment of the active functional group can also be carried out by (v) bringing the vapor of the treatment liquid into contact with the porous epoxy resin membrane.
- the functional group is treated by leaving the wound epoxy resin porous film in a wound state, that is, a wound body of the epoxy resin porous film, in contact with the atmosphere containing the treatment liquid vapor. It is possible.
- This treatment can be carried out, for example, by supplying the vapor of the treatment liquid to a container or treatment chamber in which the wound body of the epoxy resin porous membrane is placed inside.
- the treatment liquid is brought into contact with the epoxy resin porous membrane or the epoxy resin sheet at room temperature, but may be heated to a temperature exceeding room temperature if necessary.
- the heating temperature is, for example, in a range exceeding normal temperature and 80 ° C., particularly in a range exceeding normal temperature and 70 ° C. or less.
- the treatment time may be a time for the treatment agent to sufficiently spread on the surface of the epoxy resin porous membrane or the like, but in the case of dipping or coating, for example, at room temperature for 10 seconds to 30 minutes, in a temperature range exceeding room temperature. 1 second to 5 minutes is appropriate.
- the epoxy resin porous membrane may be heated as necessary.
- the heating conditions may be appropriately determined so that the esterification of the hydroxyl group proceeds sufficiently.
- a temperature range from a normal temperature range to 80 ° C., particularly a temperature range from a normal temperature range to 70 ° C., 1 Conditions of from 2 to 60 minutes and in some cases from 5 to 60 minutes are appropriate.
- the porous epoxy resin membrane may be dried to remove excess solution. This drying is usually performed by air drying performed at room temperature.
- the porous epoxy resin membrane is washed and further dried.
- Water is suitable as a solvent for washing, but methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acetonitrile, a mixed solvent thereof, a mixed solvent of these with water, or the like may be used. Good.
- the apparatus and temperature for washing and drying the apparatus and temperature described above for the washing and drying of the porogen can be applied.
- the compound used as a treating agent together with the porogen can be removed in the porosification step for removing the porogen. For this reason, it is not necessary to perform additional cleaning for removing the treatment agent.
- the separator 4 may be comprised only by the epoxy resin porous film, and may be comprised by the laminated body of an epoxy resin porous film and another porous material.
- porous materials include polyolefin porous films such as polyethylene porous films and polypropylene porous films, cellulose porous films, and fluororesin porous films.
- Other porous materials may be provided only on one side of the epoxy resin porous membrane, or may be provided on both sides.
- the separator 4 may be composed of a laminate of an epoxy resin porous membrane and a reinforcing material.
- the reinforcing material include woven fabric and non-woven fabric.
- the reinforcing material may be provided only on one side of the epoxy resin porous membrane, or may be provided on both sides.
- RO water means pure water obtained by treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane
- DMF means N, N-dimethylformamide
- v / v means volume ratio.
- the solutions in the following examples and comparative examples are stirred, heating or cooling is not performed from the outside.
- the atmospheric temperature (room temperature) at the time of solution stirring was about 23 degreeC in any case.
- the evaluation method of characteristics was as follows.
- the porous epoxy resin membrane was immersed in acetic anhydride at 20 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the porous epoxy resin membrane was air-dried and further heated in an oven maintained at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes. The epoxy resin porous membrane was air-dried in a draft chamber whose interior was maintained at 23 ° C. until the drying was completed (strictly, no mass loss was observed). The porous epoxy resin membrane taken out from the oven was immersed in ethanol and RO water for 10 minutes, respectively, and acetic anhydride remaining on the membrane was washed. Finally, the epoxy resin porous membrane was dried in an oven maintained at 50 ° C.
- the temperature conditions for the acetic anhydride treatment were clearly specified.
- the value of the data obtained is Experiments have confirmed that they are substantially the same.
- the temperature of acetic anhydride even if the temperature was increased to close to 50 ° C., no substantial change was observed in the data values. Therefore, when the value should be strictly determined, the temperature of acetic anhydride should be 20 ° C.
- the obtained data is substantially There is no difference.
- a non-porous body of epoxy resin is prepared using the epoxy resin and amine (curing agent) used in each example and comparative example, and from the specific gravity of this non-porous body and the specific gravity of each epoxy resin porous film, voids are obtained. The rate was calculated.
- a lithium ion secondary battery provided with a separator made of a porous epoxy resin membrane obtained from each of Examples and Comparative Examples was prepared according to the following method.
- anode slurry 80 parts by weight of mesocarbon microbeads (manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., MCMB6-28), 10 parts by weight of acetylene black (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Co., Ltd., Denka Black), 10 parts by weight of PVDF (manufactured by Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., KF Polymer L # 1120) was mixed, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added so that the solid content concentration was 15 wt% to obtain an anode slurry.
- This slurry was applied to a thickness of 200 ⁇ m on a copper foil (current collector) having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
- the coating film was vacuum dried at 80 ° C. for 1 hour and 120 ° C. for 2 hours, and then pressed by a roll press. As a result, an anode having an anode active material layer having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was obtained.
- an electrode group was assembled using a cathode, an anode, and a separator. Specifically, a cathode, an epoxy resin porous membrane (separator), and an anode were laminated to obtain an electrode group. After the electrode group was put in an aluminum laminate package, an electrolytic solution was injected into the package. As the electrolytic solution, a solution containing LiPF 6 at a concentration of 1.4 mol / liter in a solvent containing ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 2 and containing 1% by weight of vinylene carbonate was used. Finally, the package was sealed to obtain a lithium ion secondary battery.
- Example 1 A release agent (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX, QZ-13) was thinly applied to the inside of a cylindrical stainless steel container of ⁇ 120 mm ⁇ 150 mm, and this container was dried in a drier set at 80 ° C.
- the mixture was stirred for 285 minutes at 200 rpm with a stirring blade using a three-one motor.
- the temperature of the solution increased with stirring and reached 37.2 ° C. immediately after stirring.
- vacuum disk AZONE VZ type
- vacuum deaeration was performed at room temperature at about 0.1 MPa until bubbles disappeared. Then, it was left to cure at 50 ° C. for about 1 day.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the stainless steel container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- Example 2 A release agent (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX, QZ-13) was thinly applied to the inside of a cylindrical stainless steel container of ⁇ 120 mm ⁇ 150 mm, and this container was dried in a drier set at 80 ° C.
- the mixture was stirred for 240 minutes at 200 rpm with a stirring blade using a three-one motor.
- the temperature of the solution increased with stirring and reached 36.1 ° C. immediately after stirring.
- vacuum disk AZONE VZ type
- vacuum deaeration was performed at room temperature at about 0.1 MPa until bubbles disappeared. Then, it was left to cure at 50 ° C. for about 1 day.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the stainless steel container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- Example 3 A release agent (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX, QZ-13) was thinly applied to the inside of a cylindrical stainless steel container of ⁇ 120 mm ⁇ 150 mm, and this container was dried in a drier set at 80 ° C.
- the mixture was stirred with a stirring blade at 200 rpm for 237 minutes using a three-one motor.
- the temperature of the solution increased with stirring, and reached approximately 41 ° C. immediately after stirring.
- vacuum disk AZONE VZ type
- vacuum deaeration was performed at room temperature at about 0.1 MPa until bubbles disappeared. Then, it was left to cure at 50 ° C. for about 1 day.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the stainless steel container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- Example 4 In a 10 L cylindrical plastic container, 316.9 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Mitsubishi Chemical, jER828) and 94.6 g of 1,6-diaminohexane (special grade, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei) were added to polypropylene glycol (Sanix Chemicals, Sanyo Chemical). -400) An epoxy resin / amine / polypropylene glycol solution was prepared by dissolving in 5400 g.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the plastic container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- Example 5 In a 10 L cylindrical plastic container, 3283.2 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Mitsubishi Chemical, jER828) and 99.4 g of 1,6-diaminohexane (special grade, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei) were added to polypropylene glycol (Sanix PP manufactured by Sanyo Kasei). -400) An epoxy resin / amine / polypropylene glycol solution was prepared by dissolving in 5220 g.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the plastic container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- Example 6 In a 45-liter cylindrical metal container, 12656.2 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Mitsubishi Chemical, jER828) and 383 g of 1,6-diaminohexane (special grade, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei) are added to polypropylene glycol (Sanix PP-400 manufactured by Sanyo Kasei). ) It was dissolved in 18545.5 g to prepare an epoxy resin / amine / polypropylene glycol solution. Thereafter, 1532 g of the 1,6-diaminohexane was added to the container.
- the mixture was stirred for 135 minutes at 80 rpm with a stirring blade while evacuating.
- the temperature of the solution increased from the solution temperature after preparation with stirring after adding diaminohexane, and reached 57.5 ° C. immediately after stirring. Thereafter, it was allowed to stand at room temperature for about 1 day for curing.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out of the container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- Example 7 In a 10 L cylindrical plastic container, 316.9 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Mitsubishi Chemical, jER828) and 94.6 g of 1,6-diaminohexane (special grade, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei) were added to polypropylene glycol (Sanix Chemicals, Sanyo Chemical). -400) An epoxy resin / amine / polypropylene glycol solution was prepared by dissolving in 5400 g.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the plastic container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- An epoxy resin / polypropylene glycol solution was prepared by dissolving 668.8 g of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Mitsubishi Chemical, jER828) in 980.0 g of polypropylene glycol (Sanix Kasei Sanyo PP-400). This solution was added to the stainless steel container. Thereafter, 101.2 g of 1,6-diaminohexane (special grade, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was added to the container.
- stirring was performed with a stirring blade at 150 rpm for 15 minutes. With stirring, the temperature of the solution increased and reached 65.0 ° C. immediately after stirring. Thereafter, using a vacuum dryer, vacuum degassing was performed at 50 ° C. at about 0.1 MPa until bubbles disappeared. Then, it was left to cure at 50 ° C. for about 1 day.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the stainless steel container and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- the epoxy resin block was taken out from the plastic container, and continuously sliced with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m using a cutting lathe device to obtain an epoxy resin sheet.
- the specific surface area of the epoxy resin porous membrane obtained from Examples 1, 4, 7 and Comparative Example 2 was measured.
- the specific surface area was measured by the following method.
- the epoxy resin porous membrane of each example having an I / Io in the range of 1.0 to 2.4 has the charge / discharge characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery, particularly the 3rd / 1st discharge efficiency.
- the characteristics obtained from the epoxy resin porous membrane of the comparative example were improved.
- the specific surface area of the porous epoxy resin membrane becomes smaller as the solution temperature when preparing the epoxy resin composition is lower. It can be understood that I / Io also tends to be small.
- Comparative Example 1 a separator with improved charge / discharge characteristics could not be obtained although the temperature T after completion of the solution stirring was sufficiently low.
- the main factor for the low temperature T in Comparative Example 1 is that the reactivity of the curing agent used was low.
- the low temperature T in Comparative Example 1 means that the curing reaction of the epoxy resin did not proceed sufficiently.
- the epoxy resin porous membrane of Comparative Example 1 has a low cross-linking density, and thus it is considered that many hydroxyl groups are exposed and the ratio of active hydroxyl groups is increased.
- the ratio I / Io is increased, and it is considered that the carboxylic acid amide bond generated from the secondary amine also contributes.
- the separator provided by the present invention can be suitably used for nonaqueous electrolyte power storage devices such as lithium ion secondary batteries, and is particularly required for vehicles, motorcycles, ships, construction machinery, industrial machinery, residential power storage systems, and the like. It can be suitably used for a large capacity secondary battery.
- nonaqueous electrolyte power storage devices such as lithium ion secondary batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜を備えた非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータであって、
前記エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜の赤外吸収スペクトルの1240cm-1に存在する吸収ピークのピーク強度Ioに対する、無水酢酸処理を施した後の当該エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜の赤外吸収スペクトルの1240cm-1に存在するピークのピーク強度Iの比I/Ioが、1.0以上2.4以下である、非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータを提供する。
前記カソードと前記アノードとの間に配置された、本発明によるセパレータと、イオン伝導性を有する電解質と、を備えた、非水電解質蓄電デバイスを提供する。
空孔率(%)=100×(V-(W/D))/V
V:体積(cm3)
W:重量(g)
D:構成成分の平均密度(g/cm3)
エポキシ樹脂組成物のシート状成形体が得られるように、エポキシ樹脂、硬化剤及びポロゲンを含むエポキシ樹脂組成物を基板上に塗布する。その後、エポキシ樹脂組成物のシート状成形体を加熱してエポキシ樹脂を三次元架橋させる。その際、エポキシ樹脂架橋体とポロゲンとの相分離により共連続構造が形成される。その後、得られたエポキシ樹脂シートからポロゲンを洗浄によって除去し、乾燥させることにより、三次元網目状骨格と連通する空孔とを有するエポキシ樹脂多孔質膜が得られる。基板の種類は特に限定されず、プラスチック基板、ガラス基板、金属板等を基板として使用できる。
エポキシ樹脂、硬化剤及びポロゲンを含むエポキシ樹脂組成物を基板上に塗布する。その後、塗布したエポキシ樹脂組成物の上に別の基板を被せてサンドイッチ構造体を作製する。なお、基板と基板との間に一定の間隔を確保するために、基板の四隅にスペーサー(例えば、両面テープ)を設けてもよい。次に、サンドイッチ構造体を加熱してエポキシ樹脂を三次元架橋させる。その際、エポキシ樹脂架橋体とポロゲンとの相分離により共連続構造が形成される。その後、得られたエポキシ樹脂シートを取り出し、ポロゲンを洗浄によって除去し、乾燥させることにより、三次元網目状骨格と連通する空孔とを有するエポキシ樹脂多孔質膜が得られる。基板の種類は特に制限されず、プラスチック基板、ガラス基板、金属板等を基板として使用できる。特に、ガラス基板を好適に使用できる。
エポキシ樹脂、硬化剤及びポロゲンを含むエポキシ樹脂組成物を所定形状の金型内に充填する。その後、エポキシ樹脂を三次元架橋させることによって、円筒状又は円柱状のエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化体を作製する。その際、エポキシ樹脂架橋体とポロゲンとの相分離により共連続構造が形成される。その後、エポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化体を円筒軸又は円柱軸を中心に回転させながら、硬化体の表層部を所定の厚さに切削して長尺状のエポキシ樹脂シートを作製する。そして、エポキシ樹脂シートに含まれたポロゲンを洗浄によって除去し、乾燥させることにより、三次元網目状骨格と連通する空孔とを有するエポキシ樹脂多孔質膜が得られる。
(i)エポキシ樹脂組成物を調製する。
(ii)エポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化体をシート状に成形する。
(iii)エポキシ樹脂シートからポロゲンを除去する。
IRスペクトル(赤外吸収スペクトル)は、エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜をそのまま測定サンプルとして、透過型FT-IR装置(FT/IR-470Plus、JASCO製)を用いて測定した。得られたチャートから、1240cm-1に存在する吸収ピークの強度Ioを求めた。また、各測定サンプルについて、次に述べる無水酢酸処理の後においても同処理の前と同一条件でIRスペクトルを測定し、1240cm-1に存在する吸収ピークの強度Iを求めた。これらの結果に基づいてピーク強度比I/Ioを算出した。
各実施例及び比較例で用いたエポキシ樹脂とアミン(硬化剤)とを用いてエポキシ樹脂の無孔体を作製し、この無孔体の比重及び各エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜の比重から、空孔率を算出した。
日本工業規格(JIS)P8117で規定された方法に従って、各エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜の通気度(ガーレー値)を測定した。
各実施例及び比較例から得たエポキシ樹脂多孔質膜からなるセパレータを備えたリチウムイオン二次電池を以下の方法に従って作製した。
25℃の温度、0.2CmAの電流で、各電池の充放電を3回繰り返した。充電は4.2Vまで定電流充電、そこからは定電圧充電とした。また、放電は定電流放電で、カットオフ電圧は2.75Vとした。このとき、1回目の放電容量を初期容量として測定した。
25℃の温度、0.2CmAの電流で、各電池を3回充放電させた。充電は4.2Vまで定電流充電、そこからは定電圧充電とした。また、放電は定電流放電で、カットオフ電圧は2.75Vとした。各電池において、1回目の放電量に対する3回目の放電量を%で算出した。
φ120mm×150mmの円筒形のステンレス容器の内側に離型剤(ナガセケムテックス製、QZ-13)を薄く塗布し、この容器を80℃に設定した乾燥機中で乾燥させた。
φ120mm×150mmの円筒形のステンレス容器の内側に離型剤(ナガセケムテックス製、QZ-13)を薄く塗布し、この容器を80℃に設定した乾燥機中で乾燥させた。
φ120mm×150mmの円筒形のステンレス容器の内側に離型剤(ナガセケムテックス製、QZ-13)を薄く塗布し、この容器を80℃に設定した乾燥機中で乾燥させた。
10Lの円筒形のポリ容器にビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(三菱化学製、jER828)3126.9gと1,6-ジアミノヘキサン(特級、東京化成製)94.6gをポリプロピレングリコール(三洋化成製サンニックスPP-400)5400gに溶解させ、エポキシ樹脂/アミン/ポリプロピレングリコール溶液を調製した。その後、前記ジアミノヘキサン380gを前記ポリ容器に添加し、遊星撹拌装置を用い、約0.7kPaで真空脱泡すると同時に自/公転比率3/4の条件下、公転300rpmで10分間撹拌する手順を9回繰り返した。前記溶液の温度は、ジアミノヘキサンを追加してからの撹拌に伴って調製後の溶液温度から上昇し、撹拌直後には48.2℃に達した。
10Lの円筒形のポリ容器にビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(三菱化学製、jER828)3283.2gと1,6-ジアミノヘキサン(特級、東京化成製)99.4gをポリプロピレングリコール(三洋化成製サンニックスPP-400)5220gに溶解させ、エポキシ樹脂/アミン/ポリプロピレングリコール溶液を調製した。その後、前記1,6-ジアミノヘキサン400gを前記ポリ容器に添加し、遊星撹拌装置を用い、約0.7kPaで真空脱泡すると同時に自/公転比率3/4の条件下、公転300rpmで10分間撹拌する手順を8回繰り返した。前記溶液の温度は、ジアミノヘキサンを追加してからの撹拌に伴って調製後の溶液温度から上昇し、撹拌直後には52.8℃に達した。
45Lの円筒形の金属容器にビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(三菱化学製、jER828)12656.2gと1,6-ジアミノヘキサン(特級、東京化成製)383gをポリプロピレングリコール(三洋化成製サンニックスPP-400)18545.5gに溶解させ、エポキシ樹脂/アミン/ポリプロピレングリコール溶液を調製した。その後、前記1,6-ジアミノヘキサン1532gを前記容器に添加した。
10Lの円筒形のポリ容器にビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(三菱化学製、jER828)3126.9gと1,6-ジアミノヘキサン(特級、東京化成製)94.6gをポリプロピレングリコール(三洋化成製サンニックスPP-400)5400gに溶解させ、エポキシ樹脂/アミン/ポリプロピレングリコール溶液を調製した。その後、前記ジアミノヘキサン380gを前記ポリ容器に添加し、遊星撹拌装置を用い、約0.7kPaで真空脱泡すると同時に自公転比率3/4の条件下公転500rpmで10分間撹拌する手順を4回繰り返し、さらに公転500rpmで5分間1回確認した。前記溶液の温度は、ジアミノヘキサンを追加してからの撹拌に伴って調製後の溶液温度から上昇し、撹拌直後には58.9℃に達した。
φ180×180mmの円筒形のステンレス容器の内側に離型剤(ナガセケムテックス製、QZ-13)を薄く塗布し、この容器を80℃に設定した乾燥機中で乾燥させた。
φ120mm×150mmの円筒形のステンレス容器の内側に離型剤(ナガセケムテックス製、QZ-13)を薄く塗布し、この容器を80℃に設定した乾燥機中で乾燥させた。
3Lの円筒形のポリ容器にビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(三菱化学製、jER828)1146.5gとジアミノヘキサン(1級、和光純薬製)94.2gをポリプロピレングリコール(三洋化成製サンニックスPP-400)1680gに溶解させ、エポキシ樹脂/アミン/ポリプロピレングリコール溶液を調製した。その後、前記ジアミノヘキサン380gを前記ポリ容器に添加し、遊星撹拌装置を用い、約0.7kPaで真空脱泡すると同時に自/公転比率3/4の条件下、公転800rpmの比率で10分間撹拌する手順を2回繰り返した。前記溶液の温度は、ジアミノヘキサンを追加してからの撹拌に伴って調製後の溶液温度から上昇し、撹拌直後には70.0℃に達した。
セルガード社製ポリプロピレン多孔質膜CG2400を用いた。
島津マイクロメリテックス(ASAP-2400、島津製作所製)を用いて測定した。測定は、窒素ガス吸着法を用い、BET比表面積を求めた。測定分析方法は、試料約0.4gを短冊状に裁断し、折りたたんで大容量セルに採取した。この試料を装置の前処理部において温度約80℃で約15時間脱ガス処理(減圧処理)を行い、その後、比表面積を測定した。
Claims (3)
- エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜を備えた非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータであって、
前記エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜の赤外吸収スペクトルの1240cm-1に存在する吸収ピークのピーク強度Ioに対する、無水酢酸処理を施した後の当該エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜の赤外吸収スペクトルの1240cm-1に存在するピークのピーク強度Iの比I/Ioが、1.0以上2.4以下である、非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ。
ただし、無水酢酸処理とは、エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜を、20℃の無水酢酸に10分間浸漬させた後、23℃のチャンバー内で風乾させ、さらに70℃のオーブン内で10分間加熱することにより実施する処理である。 - 前記比I/Ioが1.0以上1.6以下である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ。
- カソードと、
アノードと、
前記カソードと前記アノードとの間に配置された、請求項1に記載のセパレータと、
イオン伝導性を有する電解質と、
を備えた、非水電解質蓄電デバイス。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12800755.6A EP2720291A4 (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-12 | SEPARATOR FOR NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE ELECTRICITY STORAGE DEVICE AND NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE ELECTRICITY STORAGE DEVICE |
CN201280029307.3A CN103608949A (zh) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-12 | 非水电解质蓄电装置用隔膜及非水电解质蓄电装置 |
US14/125,252 US20140106235A1 (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-12 | Separator for nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage devices and nonaqueous electrolyte electricity storage device |
KR1020147000863A KR20140051237A (ko) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-12 | 비수전해질 축전 디바이스용 세퍼레이터 및 비수전해질 축전 디바이스 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011-131565 | 2011-06-13 | ||
JP2011131565 | 2011-06-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012172782A1 true WO2012172782A1 (ja) | 2012-12-20 |
Family
ID=47356789
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/003830 WO2012172782A1 (ja) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-12 | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ及び非水電解質蓄電デバイス |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140106235A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2720291A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2013020959A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20140051237A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103608949A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012172782A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015045347A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウムイオンキャパシタ |
WO2015059937A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-30 | 日東電工株式会社 | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2015168694A (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-28 | 日東電工株式会社 | エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜、それを用いた蓄電デバイス用セパレータ及びそれらの製造方法 |
DE102017117160A1 (de) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-01-31 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Polymerkondensators und Polymerkondensator |
CN114551983B (zh) * | 2021-10-08 | 2023-06-09 | 万向一二三股份公司 | 一种高韧性的peodme复合固体电解质膜及其制备方法、固体锂电池 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000030683A (ja) | 1998-06-26 | 2000-01-28 | Celgard Llc | 電池セパレ―タ―用ポリプロピレン微孔質膜 |
JP2001192487A (ja) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-17 | Tonen Chem Corp | ポリオレフィン微多孔膜及びその製造方法 |
WO2001075991A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-11 | Yuasa Corporation | Battery-use separator, battery-use power generating element and battery |
JP2006092848A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-06 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータのための反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとこれを用いる電池の製造方法 |
JP2006179280A (ja) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-06 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータとこれを用いる電池の製造方法 |
JP2007035554A (ja) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータとこれを用いる電池の製造方法 |
JP2009193761A (ja) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-27 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータのための反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとそれより得られる電極/セパレータ接合体。 |
JP2011042731A (ja) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-03 | Nitto Denko Corp | 充填用発泡組成物および充填発泡部材 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7985498B2 (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2011-07-26 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Lithium secondary battery |
KR101014817B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-14 | 2011-02-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 안전 부재를 포함하고 있는 스택/폴딩형 전극조립체 및그것의 제조방법 |
JP5798714B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-26 | 2015-10-21 | 日東電工株式会社 | 複合半透膜及びその製造方法 |
JP5925409B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-23 | 2016-05-25 | 日東電工株式会社 | 熱硬化性樹脂多孔シートの製造方法、熱硬化性樹脂多孔シート、及びそれを用いた複合半透膜 |
-
2012
- 2012-06-12 EP EP12800755.6A patent/EP2720291A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-06-12 WO PCT/JP2012/003830 patent/WO2012172782A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-06-12 US US14/125,252 patent/US20140106235A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-06-12 CN CN201280029307.3A patent/CN103608949A/zh active Pending
- 2012-06-12 KR KR1020147000863A patent/KR20140051237A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-06-12 JP JP2012133211A patent/JP2013020959A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000030683A (ja) | 1998-06-26 | 2000-01-28 | Celgard Llc | 電池セパレ―タ―用ポリプロピレン微孔質膜 |
JP2001192487A (ja) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-17 | Tonen Chem Corp | ポリオレフィン微多孔膜及びその製造方法 |
WO2001075991A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-11 | Yuasa Corporation | Battery-use separator, battery-use power generating element and battery |
JP2006092848A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-06 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータのための反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとこれを用いる電池の製造方法 |
JP2006179280A (ja) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-06 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータとこれを用いる電池の製造方法 |
JP2007035554A (ja) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータとこれを用いる電池の製造方法 |
JP2009193761A (ja) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-27 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータのための反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとそれより得られる電極/セパレータ接合体。 |
JP2011042731A (ja) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-03 | Nitto Denko Corp | 充填用発泡組成物および充填発泡部材 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2720291A4 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015045347A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウムイオンキャパシタ |
WO2015059937A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-30 | 日東電工株式会社 | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103608949A (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
KR20140051237A (ko) | 2014-04-30 |
EP2720291A1 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
US20140106235A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
EP2720291A4 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
JP2013020959A (ja) | 2013-01-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4940367B1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 | |
JP5934580B2 (ja) | エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜、非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス、複合半透膜及びそれらの製造方法 | |
WO2012172782A1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ及び非水電解質蓄電デバイス | |
WO2012172789A1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 | |
JP2013020957A (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びその製造方法 | |
WO2012172783A1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータの製造方法、及び非水電解質蓄電デバイスの製造方法 | |
WO2012172784A1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータの製造方法および非水電解質蓄電デバイスの製造方法 | |
WO2012172786A1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータの製造方法および非水電解質蓄電デバイスの製造方法 | |
WO2012172785A1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びその製造方法 | |
JP2015170394A (ja) | 蓄電デバイス用セパレータとその製造方法、及びそれを用いた蓄電デバイス | |
JP2015168694A (ja) | エポキシ樹脂多孔質膜、それを用いた蓄電デバイス用セパレータ及びそれらの製造方法 | |
WO2012172787A1 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 | |
JP2013020958A (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びその製造方法 | |
JP6405187B2 (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 | |
JP2013020956A (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 | |
JP2015084297A (ja) | 非水電解質蓄電デバイス用セパレータ、非水電解質蓄電デバイス及びそれらの製造方法 | |
JP2015170393A (ja) | 蓄電デバイス用セパレータとその製造方法、及びそれを用いた蓄電デバイス |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12800755 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14125252 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2012800755 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20147000863 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |