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• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
  • C07K1/06—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/575—Hormones
  • C07K14/57563—Vasoactive intestinal peptide [VIP]; Related peptides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
  • A61K47/59—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes
  • A61K47/60—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes the organic macromolecular compound being a polyoxyalkylene oligomer, polymer or dendrimer, e.g. PEG, PPG, PEO or polyglycerol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/575—Hormones
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/22—Hormones
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a site-directed monosubstituted PEGylated Exendin analog, a process for its preparation and a pharmaceutical use. Background technique
• incretin is an enterogenous hormone in the human body. After eating, the hormone promotes insulin secretion and exerts a glucose concentration-dependent hypoglycemic effect. Incretin is mainly composed of GLP-1 and glycose-dependent insulin translation peptide (GIP), in which GLP-1 plays a more important role in the development of type 2 diabetes, which can promote insulin secretion and stimulation. Islet beta cell proliferation, inhibition of islet beta cell apoptosis, inhibition of glucagon translation, inhibition of gastrointestinal motility and gastric secretion, delayed gastric emptying, a feeling of fullness and loss of appetite are controlled by multiple pathways to control blood glucose. However, because it is rapidly degraded by DPP-I V in the body, its half-life is only 1-2 minutes, which limits its application development.
• Exendin-4 is a 39 amino acid sequence GLP-1 analogue isolated from the saliva of the American iguana, which has 53% structural homology to GLP-1 and is capable of interacting with GLP-1. Receptor binding. It acts to promote insulin secretion by binding to the GLP-1 receptor, effectively reducing the effects of fasting and postprandial blood glucose, and is used to treat type 2 diabetes.
• the second alanine is changed to glycine, the degradation of dipeptide (DPP-IV) in vivo is avoided, and the half-life is increased to 2-4 h compared with 1-2 h of GLP-1, making it It was developed into a marketed product (Byet ta, Amy 1 in), administered twice daily.
• the most widely studied, long-lasting peptide protein drug long-acting formulation technology is the PEGylation technique, which uses activated polyethylene glycol reagents to react with specific amino acid residues on the polypeptide protein to form new ones.
• Molecules using the water-soluble macromolecule characteristics of polyethylene glycol to increase the solubility of the polypeptide protein, reduce its immunogenicity, reduce glomerular filtration, thereby prolonging the half-life of the body, to achieve the purpose of prolonging the action of the drug, and improve patient compliance.
• PEGylation techniques typically employ an activated PEGylation reagent to react with reactive residues on the polypeptide or protein structure (generally in the order of activity, amide, amino, carboxyl, etc.) to form a chemically bonded PEGylated product.
• reactive residues on the polypeptide or protein structure generally in the order of activity, amide, amino, carboxyl, etc.
• a monosubstituted mixture of different sites is generally formed, and a multi-substituted product is further formed when the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol is high.
• multiple substitutions can significantly affect the activity of the drug, which in turn affects the efficacy of the drug in vivo, and the quality control of the multi-substrate is also difficult.
• Listed PEGylated drugs are basically monosubstituted.
• cysteine One is to control the number of residues that are structurally reactive.
• a more common method is to add a cysteine to the mutation at the optimal position or to synthesize a PEGylation reagent (such as PEGylated maleic acid) that can react with the thiol group.
• PEGylation reagent such as PEGylated maleic acid
• the amine is reacted to bind polyethylene glycol to cysteine.
• the shortcoming of this method is that the effect of drug structure changes on its efficacy and toxicity is unclear.
• the introduction of cysteine has an adverse effect on its stability. For example, cysteine is easily oxidized. .
• Another method of immobilization is to use a lysine amino group as a pegylation site, which replaces all other lysines with basic arginine, leaving only the lysine requiring a reaction site.
• the disadvantage of such a method is that the structural change has a significant effect on the efficacy and toxicity.
• the inventors of the present application have clearly found in the experiment that the efficacy of the new polypeptide which changes the structure is greatly affected.
• Another type of technique is the pegy modification of the N-terminal amino group using a polyethylene glycol propionaldehyde reagent under acidic conditions.
• Some researchers have found that the p-value of the N-terminal amino group is smaller than the amino group on the lysine residue, that is, the base is stronger. Therefore, the amino group on lysine needs to be PEGylated under slightly alkaline conditions (pH 7-8), and the N-terminal amino group can be PEGylated under acidic conditions (pH 5-6). At this time, the amino group on lysine cannot react. Therefore, some researchers have used the above properties of peptides or proteins to carry out a fixed PEGylation reaction on the N-terminal amino group under acidic conditions.
• Point one is not applicable to the drug with N-terminal active site; Second, the reaction yield is low, and the molar ratio of polyethylene glycol reagent is as high as 5 or even 10, and the yield is only 50%- 60%, resulting in too high production costs and no production possibilities.
• the present invention provides a method of preparing a site-directed monosubstituted PEGylated Exendin analog, the method comprising the steps of:
• the polypeptide material should have at least one site of the Lys residue without a Dde protecting group for linking the polyethylene glycol group; preferably, only one site of the above polypeptide material is present.
• the Ds residue does not carry a Dde protecting group to prepare a site-directed, monosubstituted PEGylated Exendin analog.
• the N-terminus of the polypeptide starting material may carry a Dde protecting group or an Fmoc protecting group; from the viewpoint of drug purity, the N-terminus of the polypeptide starting material is preferably provided with a Dde protecting group, but if the cost is combined From the point of view, it is possible to select the N-terminal Fmoc protecting group, because from the practical consideration of the reactivity, the use of the Fmoc protecting group at the N-terminus does not bring more polysubstituted PEGylated Exendin analogs.
• the specific polypeptide material may have the following structure:
• the method of the present invention is not limited to the preparation of the PEGylated Exendin class of the above structure; in all ⁇ Exendin class, including Exendin-4, as long as there is more than one Lys in its polypeptide sequence. Residues (two and above Lys) A glycolated Exendin analog.
• Residues two and above Lys
• a polypeptide sequence having four Lys residues is used to prepare a monosubstituted PEGylated Exendin analog, since the Exendin analog having four Lys residues is a more complex Exendin analog.
• the method of the present invention is suitable for the preparation of a PEGylated formulation of all Exendin analogs disclosed by the applicant in its Chinese patent application CN 101125207 A; all of the disclosure of CN 101125207 A is incorporated herein.
• the polyethylene glycol of the PEG reagent may have a molecular weight of 20,000 to 60,000 Daltons; further, in the preparation method of the present invention, it may be used A polyethylene glycol group having a branched structure disclosed in CN 101125207A.
• one embodiment of the method of the invention is:
• the PEGylation site is an N-terminal amino group
• the Exendin-4 analogue with a protective group is synthesized as follows:
• the PEGylation site is a Lys 12 side chain amino group
• the Exendin-4 analog with a protecting group is synthesized as follows: I3/:/ O S6i1£ ssoiAV
• the PEGylation site is Lys 4 .
• DIEA Propylethylamine
• DMAP 4-didecylaminopyridine
• col idine 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine
• Dimercaptopyridine Lit idine
• other than p predetermined opening yr idine
• the above solution system is kept at a certain temperature (not more than 40 ° C) for a period of time, the PEGylation reaction is completed, and then a sufficient amount of reagent (preferably hydrazine) is added to remove the Fmoc and Dde protecting groups. At a temperature (not exceeding 40 ° C) for a period of time, all protecting groups can be completely removed.
• a sufficient amount of reagent preferably hydrazine
• the above reaction solution was diluted 10 times with pure water and immediately adjusted with HCL or acetic acid to pH 5. 0-6. 0 to ensure the stability of the sample, then use SOURCE 30RPC filler, using water containing 20 mM acetic acid : Acetonitrile or water: The ethanol system was subjected to linear gradient separation and purification, and the target product PEGylated Exendin-4 analog was collected.
• the present invention also provides a PEGylated Exedin analog prepared as described above for the purpose of the present invention.
• the present invention also provides a PEGylated Exedin analog, wherein the Exedin analog has the following sequence structure: Hi s-Gly-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe -Thr-Ser-Asp-Leu-Ser-Lys-Gln-Z- Glu-Glu-G lu-Ala-Va l-Lys-Leu-Phe-I le-Glu-Trp-Leu-Lys-Asn-Gly-G ly-Pro-Ser-Ser-Gly-Ala-Pro-Pro- Pro-Ser-Lys, wherein Z is Leu (SEQ ID No. 1) or I le (SEQ ID No. 2), and one of the above structures
• the amino group on the Lys residue is linked to a polyethylene glycol group.
• a polyethylene glycol group is attached to the amino group of the Lys 2 ° residue or the Lys 27 residue in the above sequence structure.
• the present invention also provides the use of a pegylated Exedin analog for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diabetes or obesity in order to achieve the objectives of the present invention.
• the protecting group Dde having better stability is used as the main protecting group, so that the multi-substituting side reaction caused by the instability of Fmoc is avoided, so that a high yield single substitution can be prepared with a low reaction molar ratio.
• the PEGylated Exedin analog reduces production costs.
• the PEGylated Exedin analog of the present invention has few by-products and is a site-directed monosubstituted Exedin analog which avoids various side effects caused by by-products.
• Figure 1 is a point-protected Exendin-4 analog MALDI-T0F mass spectrum
• Figure 2 is a HPLC chromatogram of the site-protected Exendin-4 analog before and after PEGylation;
• Figure 3 is a PEG purified exergy diagram of the PEGylated Exendin-4 analog;
• Figure 4 is a cation exchange purification chromatogram of the PEGylated Exendin-4 analog SP;
• Figure 5 is a PEGylated Exendin-4 analog molecular sieve Desalting chromatogram;
• the resin is washed with decyl alcohol and dried.
• the polypeptide-containing resin lg was placed in a reactor, and a lysate (proportion of phenylhydrazine ether 2 mL; sterol 2 mL; triisopropylsilane 2 mL; trifluoroacetic acid 6 mL) was added.
• Figure 1 is a fixed point protection Exendin-4 analog MALDI-TOF mass spectrum
• Example 2
• This example uses a conventional amino PEGylation modification reagent such as (SC-PEG, SS-PEG, NHS-PEG, etc.) to protect the only free PEGylation side chain on the Exendin-4 analog.
• the amino group is modified by binding.
• the PEGylation reagent is preferably 40KD Y-type S-PEG, fixed-point protection Exendin-4 analogue is preferred
• Figure 2 is a HPLC chromatogram of the site-protected Exendin-4 analog before and after PEGylation.
• Site-directed protection Exendin-4 analog PEGylation reaction solution was obtained by reverse phase HPLC, ion exchange, ultrafiltration concentration, molecular sieve and freeze-drying to obtain pure PEGylated Exendin-4 analog drug substance.
• Figure 4 is a chromatogram of cation exchange purification of PEGylated Exendin-4 analog SP.
• Figure 5 is a chromatidographic chromatogram of a PEGylated Exendin-4 analog molecular sieve.
• the eutectic point of the PEGylated Exendin-4 analog pure aqueous solution is about -5 °C, so the lyophilization step is once dried to a set temperature of -10 ° C and the secondary drying set temperature is 5 ° C.
• Other parameters freeze time and out-of-box temperature, etc.) according to the amount of sample, the effect of the freeze dryer Can be set as appropriate for specific climatic conditions.
• IPTT glucose tolerance test
• mice C57 mice, purchased from Shanghai Slack Laboratory Animals Co., Ltd., SPF. Raised in the company's temporary animal room, CL level. Quantity: 60 Gender: Male
• Exendin-4 analog (0.125 ug/ml); PEGylated Exendin-4 analog (3.125 ug/ml, by peptide); glucose kit; 20% glucose injection; saline for injection.
• each mouse was given a pegylated Exendin-4 analog (3.125 ug/ml, based on the peptide) 0.2 mL/20 g; in the blank group, each mouse was given 0.2 mL/20 g of physiological saline for injection.
• Exendin-4 analogue (0.125 ug/ml) was administered to each mouse.
• 0.2 mL/20 g o Sugar load was intraperitoneally injected with 0.2%/20 g bw of 20% glucose aqueous solution half an hour before blood glucose measurement. The hypoglycemic duration of the test animals was observed at 24 h and 72 h after administration.

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• 2011
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