WO2012129884A1 - 一种金属外壳阻尼器 - Google Patents

一种金属外壳阻尼器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012129884A1
WO2012129884A1 PCT/CN2011/078698 CN2011078698W WO2012129884A1 WO 2012129884 A1 WO2012129884 A1 WO 2012129884A1 CN 2011078698 W CN2011078698 W CN 2011078698W WO 2012129884 A1 WO2012129884 A1 WO 2012129884A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
damper
piston
outer tube
tube
sliding chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/078698
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许姜德
Original Assignee
Xu Jiangde
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xu Jiangde filed Critical Xu Jiangde
Publication of WO2012129884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012129884A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • E05F5/06—Buffers or stops limiting opening of swinging wings, e.g. floor or wall stops
    • E05F5/10—Buffers or stops limiting opening of swinging wings, e.g. floor or wall stops with piston brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3228—Constructional features of connections between pistons and piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
    • F16F9/3242—Constructional features of cylinders of cylinder ends, e.g. caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/362—Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/368—Sealings in pistons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/21—Brakes
    • E05Y2201/212—Buffers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/252—Type of friction
    • E05Y2201/254—Fluid or viscous friction
    • E05Y2201/256—Fluid or viscous friction with pistons or vanes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/262—Type of motion, e.g. braking
    • E05Y2201/264—Type of motion, e.g. braking linear

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dampers, and more particularly to a metal housing damper.
  • the outer tube of the existing plastic damper is generally made of plastic injection molding. Due to the limitation of the injection molding process, the length of the outer tube of the damper is not long, and it is easy to be eccentric, thereby causing the cylinder to be easily broken when subjected to a strong impact. .
  • the outer metal tube damper has an outer tube which is stamped and stretched from a steel plate to form an outer tube closed at one end. Although the problem of the frying cylinder is solved, the outer tube length is limited due to the steel sheet stretching process. It doesn't work long.
  • a metal housing damper includes a damper outer tube having a damper piston therein, the damper piston dividing a liquid-filled damper internal space into two chambers, the damper piston having a hole and/or a passage gap defined together with an inner wall of the damper outer tube; a damper top end cover and a damper bottom end cover respectively mounted at both ends of the damper outer tube; disposed in the damper outer tube and a damper bracket guiding the damper rod; a damper rod connected to the damper piston, the damper rod passing through the damper bracket and extending the damper top end cover; the damper tube
  • the bottom end cap has at least one radial rib and a frustoconical portion for mating with the outer tube of the damper when a pressing process is applied.
  • the damper tube bottom end cap also has an outer radial groove for providing a sealing ring.
  • the bottom end cover of the damper tube is closely connected with the damper outer tube, and has a good sealing effect, and has three levels to prevent explosion. Since the size of the components of the present invention can be selected, the metal casing damper can be made smaller and compact.
  • the damper piston has an axially symmetrical annular ridge and an axial section in the axial direction, and the damper piston is provided with at least one axial bore, the axial bore is closely attached.
  • the piston is integrally formed, does not require a valve plate, and has a simple structure.
  • the damper outer tube is internally provided with a decompression chamber and a piston sliding chamber, and the piston sliding chamber is divided into a quick piston sliding chamber and a slow piston sliding chamber, and the inner diameter of the fast piston sliding chamber Greater than the inside of the slow piston sliding cavity Trail.
  • the stroke is slow and fast, and has a good motion stroke effect, and can be changed quickly and then slowly according to actual needs.
  • a damper piston sleeve is sleeved on the damper piston, the damper piston sleeve has a trumpet shape, has a tubular body with a gradually increasing diameter and a boss in the tubular body, The inner diameter of the boss is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular ridge of the damper piston.
  • the damper piston sleeve has the function of adjusting the speed of movement of the damper.
  • the shaft portion of the damper top end cover is provided with an outer radial groove, an inner radial groove and a radial rib, and the end of the damper top end cover is drilled with a hole.
  • the damper top end cover is tightly connected to the damper outer tube and has a good sealing effect.
  • the left end of the damper bracket has a flange-shaped widened end, and the widened end portion is provided with at least one close to or connected to the inner wall of the cylinder and communicates with the decompression chamber and the The oil passage of the piston sliding chamber.
  • the damper bracket guides the damper pull rod and allows oil to flow from the piston slide chamber to the pressure relief chamber.
  • the damper bracket is clamped at one end between the damper tube top end cap and the damper seal rubber sleeve.
  • the shaft portion of the damper bracket is machined with at least one window such that the damper rod and the damper bracket can be lubricated and the oil in the chamber is recirculated.
  • a lip damper sealant is disposed inside the top end cap of the damper tube and abuts against the inner end thereof and is sleeved on the damper pull rod. Used to seal and wipe the oil on the damper rod to prevent oil leakage.
  • At least one damper foam sleeve is sleeved on the shaft portion of the damper bracket for absorbing foam generated during movement of the damper piston. Thereby the operation of the damper is smooth and quiet.
  • the damper foam sleeve is made of foam rubber or sponge rubber or foam elastomer plastic.
  • a damper pull rod head is interference-coupled to one end of the damper pull rod.
  • the damper pull rod head is T-shaped.
  • the damper pull rod head is made of a flexible or resilient material.
  • the outer surface of both ends of the damper outer tube has a recess formed by applying a radial pressing process.
  • the connection of the damper outer tube to the damper tip end cap and the damper bottom end cap is reinforced.
  • a seal ring is respectively disposed in the outer radial groove of the damper tube bottom end cap and the damper top end cap.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: by using a metal tube as a metal outer casing damper outer tube, the metal outer casing damper can be made without bursting, and various lengths can be made without molding, and injection molding and punching can be performed.
  • the length of the outer tube of the metal casing damper is provided with a bottom end cover of the damper tube, and the bottom end cover of the damper tube is provided with three levels for preventing oil leakage and air leakage.
  • the piston sliding chamber of the outer tube of the damper has a fast piston sliding chamber with different diameters and a slow piston sliding chamber to optimize the movement stroke.
  • the structure is simple and reasonable, convenient to use, long in life, and low in cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a metal casing damper of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of Figure 1 after assembly
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the bottom end cap of the damper tube of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a damper top end cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a damper piston of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a damper piston sleeve of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the damper bracket of the present invention.
  • the metal casing damper includes a damper outer pipe 08 made of metal internally provided with a damper piston 09, the damper piston and the damper pull rod 07 are end-interference coupling, damper rod The other end of the 07 passes through the damper bracket 06, the damper seal rubber sleeve 04, and extends out of the damper top end cover 02, and is coupled with the damper pull rod head 01.
  • the damper outer tube 08 has a cylindrical shape, and the front end is provided with a damper seal rubber sleeve 04 and a damper top end cover 02 which are respectively sealedly connected with the damper pull rod 07 and the damper outer tube 08 front end, and the rear end is provided with a bottom end of the damper tube
  • the cover 11 is sealingly connected to the rear end of the damper outer tube 08.
  • the damper outer tube 08 is internally provided with a decompression chamber 08a and a piston sliding chamber, and the decompression chamber is provided with an elastic decompression device damper foam sleeve 05, the damper foam sleeve Provided on the damper bracket 06; the damper piston 09 connected to the damper pull rod 07 and the damper piston sleeve 10 sleeved on the damper piston are disposed in the piston sliding chamber
  • the piston sliding chamber is divided into a quick piston sliding chamber 08c and a slow piston sliding chamber 08b, and the slow piston sliding chamber is disposed between the quick piston sliding chamber and the decompression chamber. According to the actual situation, the position of the slow piston sliding chamber 08b and the fast piston sliding chamber 08c can be interchanged.
  • the damper pull rod 07 is made of a metal material.
  • the damper piston 09 has an annular end portion 09a on which four axially symmetrically distributed grooves 09b and a bore 09c are formed, and the borehole 09c is penetrated by The annular end portion 09a, the annular ridge 09e is connected to the annular end portion 09a via an annular step 09d, and a piston tip end 09f is formed on the left side of the annular ridge 09e, and the piston tip end 09f is cylindrical, at the piston Both sides of the tip end 09f are respectively machined along the cylindrical end of the piston tip end 09f until the left end surface of the annular end portion 09a is formed into a section 09g visible in the drawing, and the two sections 09g are axisymmetric.
  • the bore 09c clings to the section 09g.
  • the damper piston 09 is in an interference fit with the damper pull rod 07.
  • the damper piston sleeve 10 has a flared shape, and has a tubular body 10b with a gradually increasing diameter and a boss 10a therein.
  • the outer diameter of the larger end surface of the damper piston sleeve 10 is
  • the inner diameter of the slow piston sliding chamber 08b is uniform, and the inner diameter of the boss 10a is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular ridge 09e.
  • the damper bracket 06 includes a shaft portion 06b having a central shape, and has a flange-shaped widened end portion 06c at a left end thereof, and the widened end portion 06c is provided with at least one close or An oil passage 06d that connects the inner wall of the cylinder and communicates the decompression chamber and the piston sliding chamber is provided at a right end thereof with a portion 06a that widens the shaft portion 06b.
  • An oil passage 06d that connects the inner wall of the cylinder and communicates the decompression chamber and the piston sliding chamber is provided at a right end thereof with a portion 06a that widens the shaft portion 06b.
  • the portion 06a is supported in the damper top end cover 02, the outer diameter of the widened end portion 06c is equal to the inner diameter of the decompression chamber, and the left end of the damper bracket It is in contact with the left end surface of the decompression chamber.
  • the damper foam sleeve 05 is sleeved on the damper shaft portion 06b.
  • the damper foam sleeve 05 is made of foam rubber or sponge rubber or foam elastomer plastic.
  • a window is machined on the shaft portion 06b at a position close to the widened shaft portion 06a.
  • the damper bottom end cap 11 includes a first radial rib 11a, a second radial rib llc, an outer radial groove llb, a frustoconical portion lid, and an end cap end lie.
  • the outer radial groove lib is interposed between the first radial rib 11a and the second radial rib 11c, and the frustoconical portion lid is placed on the second radial rib 11c and Between the ends of the end caps lie.
  • a sealing ring 03 is disposed in the radial groove lib, and the sealing connection between the damper bottom end cap 11 and the damper outer tube 08 is realized by a sealing ring 03, and the damper bottom end cover 11 passes through
  • the first radial rib 11a and the second radial rib 11c are in an interference fit with the damper outer tube 08.
  • the shaft portion of the damper top end cover 02 includes an outer radial groove 02b disposed near the left end, an inner radial groove 02c disposed near the right end, and an outer radial groove disposed at the outer end.
  • a radial rib 02a between 02b and the inner radial groove 02c, the end of the damper top end cover 02 is drilled with a hole 02d.
  • the sealing ring 03 is disposed in the outer radial groove 02b, and the sealing tube top end cover 02 and the damper outer tube 08 are sealed by the sealing ring 03.
  • the damper tube top end cover 02 is interference-coupled with the damper outer tube 08 through the radial rib 02a, and the damper seal rubber sleeve 04 is mounted inside the damper tube top end cover 02 And abutting the inner end portion thereof and sleeved on the damper pull rod 07, one end portion 06a of the damper bracket 06 is clamped on the damper tube top end cover 02 and the damper seal rubber sleeve 04 between.
  • the damper pull rod 07, the damper top end cover 02, the seal ring 03, the damper seal rubber sleeve 04, the damper foam sleeve 05, the damper bracket 06, the The damper piston 09, the damper piston sleeve 10 and the like are inserted together in order, and the damper top end cover 02 and the right end of the damper outer tube 08 are subjected to an extrusion process to strengthen the connection. Finally, the damper pull rod head 01 is attached.
  • the damper pull rod head 01 is a T-shaped shape composed of two cylinders, which is made of a flexible or elastic material.
  • the damper perspective view is as shown in FIG. 2, and the present invention is implemented.
  • the working process is as follows: When the damper pull head 01 is pressurized, the damper piston 09 And the damper piston sleeve 10 moves to the left, the damper piston sleeve 10 under the action of pressure, the right end surface of the damper piston sleeve 10 abuts against the left end surface of the annular end portion 09a of the damper piston 09, when the damping
  • the piston 9 is in the slow piston sliding chamber 08b
  • an oil passage formed by the oil through the damper sleeve 10 and the section 09g of the damper piston 09 passes through the bore 09c from the damper piston
  • the left side of the sleeve 10 flows to the right side of the damper piston 09; when the damper piston 09 is in the quick piston sliding chamber 08c, oil passes through the bore 09c and the damper piston sleeve 10
  • An oil passage formed by the quick piston sliding chamber flows
  • the metal casing damper outer tube can be made by using the metal pipe, so that the metal casing damper can be made into various lengths without being opened, and can be injection molded and stamped and stretched. The length is not reached, and the bottom end cover of the damper tube is provided at one end of the outer tube of the metal casing damper, and three levels are provided on the bottom end cover of the damper tube for preventing oil leakage and air leakage. It has been experimentally tested that the metal casing damper of the present invention does not blast under the action of 40 kg of force.
  • the piston sliding chamber of the outer tube of the damper has a quick piston sliding chamber with different diameters and a slow piston sliding chamber to optimize the motion stroke.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, convenient use, long service life and low cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Description

一种金属外壳阻尼器 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及阻尼器， 尤其涉及一种金属外壳阻尼器。
背景技术
[0002] 家具翼扇在关闭时或抽屉合上时易与主体相互碰撞， 发出噪音， 也易相互损坏。 因 此， 在家具上装设缓解冲击的装置， 即阻尼器。
[0003] 现有塑料阻尼器其外管一般都是塑料注塑而成的， 由于注塑工艺所限， 阻尼器外管 长度做不长， 并且其容易偏心， 从而导致在受到大力冲击时容易炸缸。
[0004] 现有金属外壳阻尼器其外管是由钢板冲压拉伸而成， 形成一个一端封闭的外管， 虽 然解决了炸缸的问题， 但由于钢板拉伸工艺所限， 其外管长度也做不长。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明的目的是提供一种结构稳固、 细长的金属外壳阻尼器， 以克服现有技术中的 不足之处。
[0006] 本发明一种金属外壳阻尼器， 包括内设有阻尼器活塞的阻尼器外管， 所述阻尼器活 塞将充满液体的阻尼器内部空间分成两个腔室， 所述阻尼器活塞具有孔和 /或与所述阻尼器 外管内壁一起界定的通道间隙； 分别装于所述阻尼器外管两端的阻尼器顶部端盖及阻尼管底 部端盖； 设置于所述阻尼器外管内并对阻尼器拉杆进行导向的阻尼器支架； 与所述阻尼器活 塞连接的阻尼器拉杆， 所述阻尼器拉杆穿过所述阻尼器支架并伸出所述阻尼器顶部端盖； 所 述阻尼管底部端盖具有至少一个径向肋和用于在施加挤压工序时与阻尼器外管相配合的截锥 形的部分。
[0007] 更佳地， 所述阻尼管底部端盖还具有用于设置密封圈的外部径向凹槽。
[0008] 所述阻尼管底部端盖与阻尼器外管连接紧密、 密封效果好， 其具有三道关卡， 从而 防止爆缸。 由于可以对本发明的部件的尺寸进行选择， 所以可以将所述金属外壳阻尼器做得 比较小且结构紧凑。
[0009] 更佳地， 所述阻尼器活塞轴向中间具有轴部对称的环形凸脊和轴向截面， 所述阻尼 器活塞设有至少一个轴向钻孔， 所述轴向钻孔紧贴所述轴向截面。 所述活塞一体成形， 不需 要阀片， 其结构简单。
[0010] 更佳地， 所述阻尼器外管内部设置有减压腔和活塞滑动腔， 所述活塞滑动腔分为快 速活塞滑动腔和慢速活塞滑动腔， 所述快速活塞滑动腔的内径大于所述慢速活塞滑动腔的内 径。 使得活塞在受到冲击力的时候， 其行程先慢后快， 具有很好的运动行程效果， 并且可以 根据实际需要， 变为先快后慢。
[0011] 更佳地， 一阻尼器活塞套套设于所述阻尼器活塞上， 所述阻尼器活塞套呈喇叭状， 具 有直径逐渐变大的管状体和所述管状体内的凸台， 所述凸台的内径小于所述阻尼器活塞的环 形凸脊的外径。 所述阻尼器活塞套具有调节所述阻尼器运动行程快慢的作用。
[0012] 更佳地， 所述阻尼器顶部端盖的轴部设有外部径向凹槽、 内部径向凹槽以及径向 肋， 所述阻尼器顶部端盖的端部钻有孔。 所述阻尼器顶部端盖与所述阻尼器外管的连接紧 密、 密封效果好。
[0013] 更佳地， 所述阻尼器支架的左端有一凸缘形的加宽端部， 所述加宽端部上设置至少 一个贴近或连接缸体内壁并连通所述减压腔和所述活塞滑动腔的过油通道。 所述阻尼器支架 对所述阻尼器拉杆进行导向， 并让油从所述活塞滑动腔流到所述减压腔。 所述阻尼器支架一 端夹持在所述阻尼管顶部端盖和所述阻尼器封油胶套之间。 所述阻尼器支架的轴部上加工至 少一个窗口， 使得所述阻尼器拉杆与所述阻尼器支架之间可以润滑， 并使得腔中的油形成回 流。
[0014] 更佳地， 一唇形阻尼器封油胶套装于所述阻尼管顶部端盖的内部并紧靠其内端部且 套设于所述阻尼器拉杆上。 用于密封并把所述阻尼器拉杆上的油擦干净， 防止油的泄露。
[0015] 更佳地， 至少一个阻尼器泡沫套套设于所述阻尼器支架的轴部， 用于吸收所述阻尼 器活塞运动时产生的泡沫。 从而使得所述阻尼器的工作平稳、 安静。 所述阻尼器泡沫套由泡 沫橡胶或海绵橡胶或泡沫弹性体塑料制成。
[0016] 更佳地， 一阻尼器拉杆头过盈联接于所述阻尼器拉杆的一端。 所述阻尼器拉杆头为 T 型形状。 所述阻尼器拉杆头由柔性或弹性材料制成。
[0017] 更佳地， 所述阻尼器外管两端外表面上具有因施加一径向的挤压工序而形成的凹 槽。 加强所述阻尼器外管与所述阻尼器顶端端盖及所述阻尼器底部端盖的连接。
[0018] 更佳地， 在所述阻尼管底部端盖和所述阻尼器顶部端盖的外部径向凹槽中分别装设 有密封圈。
[0019] 本发明有益效果在于： 通过利用金属管做金属外壳阻尼器外管， 从而可以使得金属 外壳阻尼器不爆缸、 在不开模的情况下做各种长度尺寸、 做到注塑和冲压拉伸所达不到的长 度， 并且在金属外壳阻尼器外管的一端设有阻尼管底部端盖， 阻尼管底部端盖上设有三道关 卡用于防漏油、 漏气。 另外， 阻尼器外管的活塞滑动腔具有直径不同的快速活塞滑动腔以及 慢速活塞滑动腔， 优化运动行程。 其结构简单合理、 使用方便、 寿命长、 造价成本底。 附图说明
[0020] 图 1是本发明一种金属外壳阻尼器的分解结构示意图；
图 2是图 1装配后结构示意图；
图 3是图 2轴向剖视结构示意图；
图 4是本发明的阻尼管底部端盖的结构示意图；
图 5是本发明的阻尼器顶部端盖的结构示意图；
图 6是本发明的阻尼器活塞的结构示意图；
图 7是本发明的阻尼器活塞套的结构示意图；
图 8是本发明的阻尼器支架的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
[0021] 为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步 地详细描述。
[0022] 参见图 1， 本金属外壳阻尼器， 包括内部设置有阻尼器活塞 09 的由金属制成的阻尼 器外管 08， 阻尼器活塞与阻尼器拉杆 07 —端过盈联接， 阻尼器拉杆 07另一端穿过阻尼器 支架 06、 阻尼器封油胶套 04， 并伸出阻尼器顶部端盖 02夕卜， 与阻尼器拉杆头 01 过盈联 接。 阻尼器外管 08呈筒状， 前端设置有阻尼器封油胶套 04和阻尼器顶部端盖 02分别与阻 尼器拉杆 07和阻尼器外管 08前端密封连接， 后端设置有阻尼管底部端盖 11， 与所述阻尼 器外管 08后端密封连接。
[0023] 参见图 3， 所述阻尼器外管 08 内部设置有减压腔 08a和活塞滑动腔， 所述减压腔内 设置有弹性减压件阻尼器泡沫套 05， 所述阻尼器泡沫套套设于所述阻尼器支架 06上； 所述 活塞滑动腔内设置有与所述阻尼器拉杆 07连接的所述阻尼器活塞 09和与套设于所述阻尼器 活塞上的阻尼器活塞套 10; 所述活塞滑动腔分为快速活塞滑动腔 08c 和慢速活塞滑动腔 08b, 所述慢速活塞滑动腔设置于所述快速活塞滑动腔与所述减压腔之间。 根据实际情况， 所述慢速活塞滑动腔 08b与所述快速活塞滑动腔 08c位置可以互换。
[0024] 所述阻尼器拉杆 07由金属材料制成。
[0025] 参见图 6， 所述阻尼器活塞 09具有环形端部 09a， 所述环形端部 09a上加工出四道轴 对称分布的沟槽 09b和一个钻孔 09c， 所述钻孔 09c贯通所述环形端部 09a， 环形凸脊 09e 通过环形台阶 09d与所述环形端部 09a相连， 在所述环形凸脊 09e左侧有一活塞顶端 09f， 所述活塞顶端 09f 为圆柱形， 在所述活塞顶端 09f 两侧分别沿着所述活塞顶端 09f柱面直到 所述环形端部 09a左端面加工成附图中可见的截面 09g， 所述两截面 09g轴对称。 所述钻孔 09c紧贴所述截面 09g。 从图 3中可以看出， 所述阻尼器活塞 09与所述阻尼器拉杆 07—端 过盈联接。
[0026] 参见图 7， 所述阻尼器活塞套 10呈喇叭状， 具有直径逐渐变大的管状体 10b和其内 的凸台 10a， 所述阻尼器活塞套 10较大端面的外径与所述慢速活塞滑动腔 08b 的内径大小 一致， 所述凸台 10a的内径小于所述环形凸脊 09e的外径。
[0027] 参见图 8， 所述阻尼器支架 06包括一中心为管状的轴部 06b， 在其左端有一凸缘形 的加宽端部 06c， 所述加宽端部 06c上设置至少一个贴近或连接缸体内壁并连通所述减压腔 和所述活塞滑动腔的过油通道 06d， 在其右端设有加宽轴部 06b的部分 06a。 从图 3中可以 看出， 所述部分 06a支撑在所述阻尼器顶部端盖 02内， 所述加宽端部 06c的外径等于所述 减压腔的内径， 所述阻尼器支架左端面与所述减压腔的左端面接触。 所述阻尼器泡沫套 05 套设于所述阻尼器轴部 06b。 所述阻尼器泡沫套 05 由泡沫橡胶或海绵橡胶或泡沫弹性体塑 料制成。
[0028] 所述轴部 06b上在靠近加宽轴部 06a的位置上加工一个窗口。
[0029] 参见图 4， 所述阻尼管底部端盖 11包括第一径向肋 lla、 第二径向肋 llc、 外部径向 凹槽 llb、 截锥形的部分 lid以及端盖端部 lie, 所述外部径向凹槽 lib置于所述第一径向 肋 11a和所述第二径向肋 11c之间， 所述截锥形的部分 lid置于所述第二径向肋 11c和所述 端盖端部 lie之间。 一密封圈 03设置于所述径向凹槽 lib内， 通过密封圈 03实现所述阻尼 管底部端盖 11和所述阻尼器外管 08的密封连接， 所述阻尼管底部端盖 11通过所述第一径 向肋 11a和所述第二径向肋 11c与所述阻尼器外管 08过盈联接。
[0030] 参见图 5， 所述阻尼器顶部端盖 02 的轴部包括设于靠近左端的外部径向凹槽 02b、 设于靠近右端的内部径向凹槽 02c以及设于外部径向凹槽 02b和内部径向凹槽 02c之间的径 向肋 02a， 所述阻尼器顶部端盖 02的端部钻有孔 02d。 从图 3中可以看出， 所述密封圈 03 设置于所述外部径向凹槽 02b内， 通过所述密封圈 03实现所述阻尼管顶部端盖 02和所述阻 尼器外管 08 的密封连接， 所述阻尼管顶部端盖 02通过所述径向肋 02a与所述阻尼器外管 08过盈联接， 所述阻尼器封油胶套 04装于所述阻尼管顶部端盖 02的内部并紧靠其内端部 且套设于所述阻尼器拉杆 07上， 所述阻尼器支架 06的一端部 06a夹持在所述阻尼管顶部端 盖 02和所述阻尼器封油胶套 04之间。
[0031] 安装所述金属外壳阻尼器， 首先， 将所述阻尼管底部端盖 11 安装在所述阻尼器外管 08 的左端， 并将所述阻尼器外管 08 的左端部施加一道挤压工序， 使得所述阻尼器外管 08 的左端部与所述阻尼管底部端盖 11 的截锥形的部分 lid相配合。 然后将所需量的阻尼液 体， 例如油， 装入其中。 随后将所述阻尼器拉杆 07、 所述阻尼器顶部端盖 02、 所述密封圈 03、 所述阻尼器封油胶套 04、 所述阻尼器泡沫套 05、 所述阻尼器支架 06、 所述阻尼器活塞 09、 所述阻尼器活塞套 10等按顺序装好一起插入， 所述阻尼器顶部端盖 02与所述阻尼器外 管 08的右端施加一道挤压工序， 加强连接。 最后装上所述阻尼器拉杆头 01。
[0032] 所述阻尼器拉杆头 01为两柱体组成的 T型形状， 其由柔性或弹性材料制成。
[0033] 根据上述叙述将阻尼器装配好后， 阻尼器立体图如图 2 所示， 实施本发明， 其工作 过程为： 当所述阻尼器拉杆头 01 被施加压力时， 所述阻尼器活塞 09 和所述阻尼器活塞套 10—起向左运动， 所述阻尼器活塞套 10在压力的作用下， 其右端面紧贴所述阻尼器活塞 09 的环形端部 09a左端面， 当所述阻尼器活塞 09在所述慢速活塞滑动腔 08b时， 油通过所述 阻尼器活塞套 10与所述阻尼器活塞 09的截面 09g形成的过油通道经所述钻孔 09c从所述阻 尼器活塞套 10的左侧流到所述阻尼器活塞 09的右侧； 当所述阻尼器活塞 09在所述快速活 塞滑动腔 08c时， 油通过所述钻孔 09c及所述阻尼器活塞套 10与所述快速活塞滑动腔形成 的过油通道从所述阻尼器活塞套 10的左侧流到所述阻尼器活塞 09的右侧； 直到所述阻尼器 拉杆头 01 碰到所述阻尼器顶部端盖 02， 缓冲结束。 当所述阻尼器拉杆头 01 被施加拉力 时， 所述阻尼器活塞 09和所述阻尼器活塞套 10—起向右运动， 所述阻尼器活塞套 10离开 所述阻尼器活塞 09 的环形端部 09a左端面， 紧贴所述阻尼器活塞 09的环形凸脊 09e右端 面， 油通过所述钻孔 09c及所述阻尼器活塞 09与所述活塞滑动腔形成的过油通道 09b从所 述阻尼器活塞 09的右侧流到所述阻尼器活塞套 10的左侧， 直到所述阻尼器活塞 09的环形 端部 09a右端面碰到所述阻尼器支架 06左端面。
[0034] 实施本发明， 通过利用金属管做金属外壳阻尼器外管， 从而可以使得金属外壳阻尼 器不爆缸、 在不开模的情况下做各种长度尺寸、 做到注塑和冲压拉伸所达不到的长度， 并且 在金属外壳阻尼器外管的一端设有阻尼管底部端盖， 阻尼管底部端盖上设有三道关卡用于防 漏油、 漏气。 经实验测试， 本发明在 40 公斤力的作用下， 本发明金属外壳阻尼器不会爆 缸。 另外， 所述阻尼器外管的活塞滑动腔具有直径不同的快速活塞滑动腔以及慢速活塞滑动 腔， 优化运动行程。 本发明结构简单合理、 使用方便、 寿命长、 造价成本底。
[0035] 以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来 说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以做出若干改进和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也视为本 发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 包括内设有阻尼器活塞的阻尼器外管， 所述阻尼器 活塞将充满液体的阻尼器内部空间分成两个腔室， 所述阻尼器活塞具有孔和 /或与所述阻尼 器外管内壁一起界定的通道间隙；
分别装于所述阻尼器外管两端的阻尼器顶部端盖及阻尼管底部端盖；
设置于所述阻尼器外管内并对阻尼器拉杆进行导向的阻尼器支架；
与所述阻尼器活塞连接的阻尼器拉杆， 所述阻尼器拉杆穿过所述阻尼器支架并伸出所述阻尼 器顶部端盖；
所述阻尼管底部端盖具有至少一个径向肋和用于在施加挤压工序时与阻尼器外管相配合的截 锥形的部分。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 所述阻尼管底部端盖还具有用于 设置密封圈的外部径向凹槽， 所述外部径向凹槽中装设有密封圈。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于：
所述阻尼器活塞轴部中间具有轴向对称的环形凸脊和轴向截面， 所述阻尼器活塞设有至少一 个轴向钻孔， 所述轴向钻孔紧贴所述轴向截面。
4. 根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 所述阻尼器外管内部设置有 减压腔和活塞滑动腔， 所述活塞滑动腔分为快速活塞滑动腔和慢速活塞滑动腔， 所述快速活 塞滑动腔的内径大于所述慢速活塞滑动腔的内径。
5. 根据权利要求 3 所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 一阻尼器活塞套套设于所述阻尼 器活塞上， 所述阻尼器活塞套呈喇叭状， 具有直径逐渐变大的管状体和所述管状体内的凸 台， 所述凸台的内径小于所述阻尼器活塞的环形凸脊的外径。
6. 根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 所述阻尼器顶部端盖的轴部 设有外部径向凹槽、 内部径向凹槽以及径向肋， 所述阻尼器顶部端盖的端部钻有孔， 所述外 部径向凹槽中装设有密封圈。
7. 根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 一唇形阻尼器封油胶套装于 所述阻尼管顶部端盖的内部并紧靠其内端部且套设于所述阻尼器拉杆上。
8. 根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 至少一个阻尼器泡沫套套设 于所述阻尼器支架的轴部。
9. 根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 一阻尼器拉杆头过盈联接于 所述阻尼器拉杆的一端。
10. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的金属外壳阻尼器， 其特征在于： 所述阻尼器外管两端外表面 上具有因施加一径向的挤压工序而形成的凹槽。
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