WO2012126176A1 - 电动自行车及其驱动机构 - Google Patents

电动自行车及其驱动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012126176A1
WO2012126176A1 PCT/CN2011/072031 CN2011072031W WO2012126176A1 WO 2012126176 A1 WO2012126176 A1 WO 2012126176A1 CN 2011072031 W CN2011072031 W CN 2011072031W WO 2012126176 A1 WO2012126176 A1 WO 2012126176A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
transmission device
pedal
rotor
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/072031
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李森墉
林庭纬
Original Assignee
Lee Sen-Yung
Lin Ting-Wei
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lee Sen-Yung, Lin Ting-Wei filed Critical Lee Sen-Yung
Priority to PCT/CN2011/072031 priority Critical patent/WO2012126176A1/zh
Priority to CN201180069404.0A priority patent/CN103442978B/zh
Publication of WO2012126176A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012126176A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/55Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at crank shafts parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bicycle and a drive mechanism thereof, and more particularly to an electric bicycle and a drive mechanism therefor. Background technique
  • the motor drive design of electric bicycles can be divided into the following four categories: Category 1: The motor assembly is located outside the front or rear wheels, and the motor shaft is parallel to the driven rear wheel axle.
  • the motor unit is disposed on a bracket outside the rear or front wheel, and the motor shaft is perpendicular to the driven axle.
  • the motor directly combines with the front or rear wheels and directly becomes the mandrel of the wheel. It features a body that rotates with the front or rear wheels.
  • the motor is perpendicular to the pedal drive shaft and drives the front sprocket via the transmission assembly.
  • the second type of transmission is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the motor B1 of the known electric bicycle is assembled on the rear frame B2 outside the rear wheel, and the motor shaft is vertically disposed with the driven rear wheel axle, and passes through
  • the transmission assembly drives the sprocket B3 fixed to the rear wheel.
  • the third type of transmission mode is shown in FIG. 3, the announcement of the second embodiment of the present invention, and the utility model patent of the Japanese Patent Publication No. CN1113473, which is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the motor C1 of the known electric bicycle is directly connected to the front wheel C2.
  • the axis of the motor is the axis of the wheel, and the front wheel is driven by the connection of the motor and the transmission assembly.
  • the motor D1 of the known electric bicycle is directly coupled with the rear wheel D2, and The motor D1 is coupled to the transmission assembly to drive the rear wheel D2 to rotate.
  • Taiwanese Patent Publication No. 192351 of FIG. 5 the motor E1 of the known electric bicycle is transparent.
  • the motor E1 and The pedal drive shaft E3 is vertically disposed, and mainly uses the steering transmission assembly E4 parallel to the front sprocket E2 to cause the chain E5 to drive the front sprocket E2 to drive the rear wheel to rotate; and as shown in FIG.
  • the bicycle motor F1 is coupled to the front sprocket F2, and the motor F1 is vertically disposed with the pedal drive shaft F3, and the front sprocket F2 is driven by a set of transmissions F5 (shown in FIG. 7) to make the front sprocket F2 drives the rear wheel to rotate with the chain F4.
  • the transmission modes of the first, second and third types of systems are designed to drive the motor (such as Al, Bl, Cl, Dl) directly to the front or rear wheels without using the transmission function. On the whole, in addition to the power and strength of the gearbox, the climbing force is also small.
  • the second type of transmission as shown in Figure 2, must have a pair of bevel gears as the transmission components to change the direction of the drive so that it can drive parallel to the wheel axis. Since the gear set is a precision mechanical component, in addition to the cost of construction, it is also necessary to consider the problem of proper lubrication. Furthermore, the motor B1 of this type of transmission must be mounted on one side of the rear frame B2, as a whole, electric The weight of the bicycle will be seriously unbalanced. If the motor is installed outside the rear wheel, it will not be able to add a pedal for the carrier to stand because it occupies a considerable space.
  • the third type of transmission as shown in Figure 3, its motor C1 is wrapped inside the mandrel of the front wheel C2, and the main body of the motor C1 will rotate with the front wheel C2; as shown in Figure 4, its motor D1 The mandrel is fixed to the rear wheel D2, and the main body of the motor D1 is rotated with the rear wheel D2.
  • the motors used in this type of transmission are not general specifications, but need to be customized, the manufacturing cost is high, and when the dynamic balance is not done, the car will jump up and down when it travels.
  • this type of Wheels are also not standard, and they need to be manufactured separately, which also causes high manufacturing costs.
  • the fourth type of transmission is a very small number.
  • the pedal and the front sprocket E2 will also be driven at the same time. Therefore, when the electric mode is used, the knight must The feet are raised to avoid being hit by the pedals. At the same time, the load is increased by the pedals, which causes the waste of electric energy and reduces the power supply time of the battery.
  • the design will be The entire transmission device F5 is disposed on the same direction side as the front sprocket F2 (as shown in FIG. 7), which causes an imbalance of the left and right weights of the bicycle on the one hand, and the transmission device F5 is installed on the other hand due to the limitation of the space.
  • the transmission device F5 used in the transmission mode shown in Fig. 6 is as shown in Fig. 7, and the transmission device F5 includes a one-way transmission assembly.
  • F51, the one-way transmission group The structural feature of the piece F51 is as shown in Fig. 8. Since it is not only a combination of standard specifications, but the overall shape is extremely complicated, the manufacturing process is extremely difficult and costly.
  • the clutch device has a complicated structure, which may occur when the teeth are engaged, and the service life is degraded.
  • the present invention can be implemented by the following technical solutions.
  • a driving mechanism for an electric bicycle includes a pedal transmission, at least one front sprocket, a motor transmission, a first one-way transmission, and a second one-way transmission.
  • the pedal transmission includes a pedal shaft.
  • the motor transmission is mounted on the pedal transmission and includes a stator and a rotor having a hollow portion.
  • the motor transmission is coupled to the front sprocket via a first one-way transmission.
  • the second one-way transmission device is disposed in the hollow portion, the pedal shaft is coupled to the front sprocket via the second one-way transmission, and the second one-way transmission device is not in the first direction perpendicular to the pedal rotation shaft
  • the transmission is overlapped.
  • a driving mechanism for an electric bicycle includes a pedal transmission, at least one front sprocket, a motor transmission, a first one-way transmission, and a sensing unit.
  • the pedal transmission includes a pedal shaft.
  • the motor transmission is mounted on the pedal transmission and includes a stator and a rotor having a hollow portion.
  • the motor transmission is coupled to the front sprocket via a first one-way transmission.
  • the sensing unit is disposed in the hollow portion.
  • the driving mechanism of the electric bicycle further includes a second one-way transmission disposed in the hollow portion, and the pedal shaft is coupled to the front sprocket via the second one-way transmission.
  • the first one-way transmission is opposite to the second one-way transmission, such that when the motor transmission drives the front sprocket to rotate via the first one-way transmission, the pedal shaft does not move, When the pedal shaft drives the front sprocket to rotate via the second one-way transmission, the stator and rotor of the motor transmission are not actuated.
  • the first one-way transmission is opposite to the second one-way transmission
  • the drive mechanism further includes a clutch.
  • the clutch device couples the motor transmission device to the pedal rotation shaft, so that when the motor transmission device drives the front sprocket to rotate through the first one-way transmission device, the pedal shaft rotates at the same time, when the pedal shaft rotates through the second one-way transmission
  • the stator and rotor of the motor transmission do not move.
  • stator and the rotor are internal rotation motors.
  • stator and the rotor are externally-rotating motors.
  • the drive mechanism of the electric bicycle further includes at least one reduction gear set.
  • the motor drive is coupled to the front sprocket via a reduction gear set.
  • the reduction gear set and the motor transmission are disposed within the same housing, thereby reducing the size of the drive mechanism.
  • the present invention also discloses an electric bicycle including the drive mechanism as described above.
  • the driving mechanism of the electric bicycle of the present invention passes through two one-way transmission devices, so that when the motor transmission device drives the front sprocket to rotate through the first one-way transmission device, the pedal shaft does not move, thereby facilitating the user. Riding; and when the pedal shaft drives the front sprocket to rotate via the second one-way transmission, the stator and the rotor of the motor transmission are not actuated, so that the user does not need extra effort to overcome the force of the motor and achieve labor-saving effect.
  • the present invention has at least the following advantages:
  • the invention can reduce the rotation speed of the front sprocket and increase the output torque of the motor transmission device through the design of the reduction gear set, and can easily enhance the climbing force of the electric bicycle without the aid of the transmission.
  • the invention realizes that the motor transmission device and the pedal transmission device can rotate together by the setting of the clutch device, and the “rejuvenation effect” for forcing the two feet to perform the pedaling action, and also the in-situ exercise rehabilitation At the same time, enjoy the leisurely relaxation of beautiful scenery.
  • the invention provides a hollow portion in the motor to accommodate a one-way transmission device, thereby saving space of the driving mechanism, and vacating the space above the one-way transmission device of the front sprocket to accommodate the transmission.
  • the front sprocket and the lever enable the present invention to be combined with the front derailleur, thereby improving the bicycle's ability to shift and torque. Further, the drive mechanism is miniaturized to enhance product competitiveness.
  • the unidirectional transmission increases the cost with the increase of the size; however, since the two unidirectional transmissions of the present invention are not arranged in a nested manner, they are respectively disposed at different positions, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the pedal rotation shaft.
  • the first and second one-way transmission devices of the present invention can be downsized and the cost can be greatly reduced, and the commercially available standard products can be directly installed and used without additional order, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process. And reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the motor of the drive mechanism of the present invention can balance the left and right weight of the vehicle body and reduce the weight of the vehicle.
  • the hollow portion in the motor of the present invention may be provided with a sensing unit, such as a torsion sensing unit or a speed sensing unit, wherein the torsion sensing unit can be applied to an electric bicycle, and the speed sensing unit can be applied to an automatic transmission.
  • a sensing unit such as a torsion sensing unit or a speed sensing unit, wherein the torsion sensing unit can be applied to an electric bicycle, and the speed sensing unit can be applied to an automatic transmission.
  • 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance of an electric bicycle of the first type of transmission
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the appearance of an electric bicycle of the second type of transmission
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the appearance of an electric bicycle of the third type of transmission
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the appearance of an electric bicycle of the third type of transmission
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the appearance of an electric bicycle of the fourth type of transmission
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the appearance of the electric bicycle of the fourth type of transmission
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the one-way transmission assembly of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the appearance of an electric bicycle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a driving mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view along the first one-way transmission;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the second one-way transmission
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a driving mechanism of a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a driving mechanism of a third embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a driving mechanism of a fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • Figures 16 through 18 are schematic views of a known drive mechanism.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing an electric bicycle 1 and a driving mechanism thereof according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a driving mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving mechanism includes a pedal transmission device 4, at least one front sprocket 3, a motor transmission device 2, a first one-way transmission device 5, and a second one-way transmission device 6. .
  • the pedal transmission 4 includes a pedal shaft 41.
  • the motor transmission unit 2 is mounted on the pedal transmission unit 4 and includes a stator 22 and a rotor 23, and the stator 22 or the rotor 23 may have a hollow portion H, in which the rotor 23 has a hollow portion H as an example.
  • the motor transmission 2 is coupled to the front sprocket 3 via a first one-way transmission 5.
  • the second one-way transmission 6 is disposed in the hollow portion H of the rotor 23, and the pedal shaft 41 is coupled to the front sprocket 3 via the second one-way transmission 6.
  • the drive mechanism of this embodiment further includes a rotor holder 24 that is fixed to the rotor 23 and is in the form of a hollow shaft.
  • the drive mechanism further comprises at least one reduction gear set 9, wherein the drive mechanism comprises two reduction gear sets, via which the motor transmission 2 is coupled to the front sprocket 3 via the two reduction gear sets 9.
  • the motor transmission 2 and the reduction gear set 9 of the present embodiment are disposed in the same outer casing L, and thus the present invention can reduce the driving mechanism by reducing the thickness of the outer casing between the motor transmission 2 and the reduction gear set 9 in a relatively separate manner.
  • Each reduction gear set 9 may, for example, comprise a sun gear (sun Gear), planetary gear and ring gear.
  • the driving mechanism may further include at least one gear seat.
  • two gear bases G1 and G2 are taken as an example, and the gear bases G1 and G2 are respectively fixed to the two reduction gear sets 9, where the gear bases G1 and G2 respectively
  • the gear seats G1, G2 are in the form of a sleeve.
  • the drive mechanism further includes a transmission sleeve 31 that is fixed to the front sprocket 3 but is not fixed to the pedal shaft 41.
  • the motor transmission device 2 when the motor transmission device 2 is actuated, the rotor 23 is rotated by the interaction of the electromagnetic fields, and the output torque is sequentially passed through the rotor holder 24, the two reduction gear sets 9 and the gear holders G1, G2, the first one-way.
  • the transmission 5, the transmission sleeve 31, and the final output torque drive the front sprocket 3 to rotate (i.e., path 1 shown in Fig. 10).
  • the transmission sleeve 31 since the transmission sleeve 31 is not fixed to the pedal shaft 41, the pedal shaft 41 and the pedal crank (not shown) are not driven, and the user is allowed to ride.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view along the first one-way transmission device 5.
  • the first one-way transmission device 5 can be, for example, a ratchet group.
  • An outer ring portion 51, the outer ring portion 51 is coupled to the gear base G2, the inner ring surface is formed with a tooth groove 511, and the outer ring portion 51 is provided with an inner ring portion 52.
  • the inner ring portion 52 is coupled with the transmission sleeve 31.
  • the outer ring surface is provided with a plurality of teething members 521 which can be externally stretched and folded, and the tooth forming members 521 can be externally biased to be unidirectionally driven in the slots 511 of the outer ring portion 51; thereby, the motor transmission device
  • the outer ring portion 51 is driven, and the inner ring portion 52 is thereby driven, so that the transmission sleeve 31 and the front sprocket 3 are driven.
  • the transmission sleeve 31 is not fixed to the pedal shaft 41, the pedal shaft 41 and the pedal crank (not shown) are not driven, and the user is allowed to ride.
  • the second one-way transmission 6 is fixed to a bearing housing K1, and the bearing housing K1 is exemplified by a sleeve type. Moreover, the rotor holder 24 is not fixed to the bearing housing K1. Therefore, the output torque of the rotor 23 cannot be transmitted to the bearing housing K1 and the second one-way transmission 6 via the rotor holder 24, that is, the torque cannot pass through the second one-way.
  • the transmission device 6 drives the pedal shaft and the pedal crank (not shown) to rotate, thereby facilitating the user to ride.
  • the electric drive mode of the electric bicycle has been clearly explained above, and the present invention has the advantage of facilitating the ride of the user.
  • the following describes the pedal driving method of the electric bicycle.
  • FIG 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the second one-way transmission 6 in the case of pedal driving.
  • the second one-way transmission device 6 can be, for example, a ratchet assembly having an outer ring portion 61.
  • the outer ring portion 61 is coupled to the bearing housing K1, and the inner ring surface is formed with a tooth groove 611, and the outer ring portion 61 is provided with an inner ring.
  • the inner ring portion 62 is combined with a pedal sleeve K2 (the pedal sleeve K2 and the pedal shaft 41 are fixedly connected to the second one-way transmission device 6), and the outer ring surface is provided with a plurality of outer sheets and receivables.
  • the toothed member 621 is slidably resisted in the slot 611 of the outer ring portion 61 for one-way transmission.
  • the pedal shaft 41 is rotated, and the output torque of the pedal shaft 41 is sequentially passed through the pedal sleeve K2 and the second one-way transmission.
  • the inner ring portion 62 of the sixth portion 6 and the outer ring portion 61 and the bearing housing K1 are transferred to the transmission sleeve 31 and the front sprocket 3 (i.e., the path 2 shown in Fig. 10).
  • the output torque of the pedal shaft 41 cannot be transmitted to the rotor holder 24 and the rotor 23 via the bearing housing K1, thereby achieving a labor-saving effect.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a driving mechanism of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving mechanism of the present embodiment further includes a clutch device 8.
  • a clutch device 8 is disposed on the transmission sleeve 31.
  • the clutch device 8 can be a screw 81 and a screw 81.
  • the drive sleeve 31 is locked in a radial direction, and the threaded section of the screw 81 can be operated into the recess 82 of the pedal shaft 41 to engage the drive sleeve 31 with the pedal shaft 41.
  • the transmission sleeve 31 also drives the internal pedal shaft 41 and the pedal crank to rotate simultaneously.
  • the electric bicycle of the present invention can also function as a "recovery mode" in the use condition of "electric drive”, and mainly utilizes the design of the clutch device 8 so that the motor transmission mechanism 2 drives the front sprocket 3 at the same time. It can also drive the pedal transmission device 4 of the electric bicycle, and then drive the knight's legs to perform the pedaling motion with the pedal transmission device 4, thereby generating good rehabilitation effect.
  • the user can first ride or transport the electric bicycle of the present invention to a suitable position (for example, a scenic spot with bright scenery and fresh air), and then position the electric bicycle frame, and then support the rehabilitation.
  • a suitable position for example, a scenic spot with bright scenery and fresh air
  • the "rehabilitation mode" of the electric bicycle is used to force the rehabilitation person's legs to perform a pedaling exercise, and to exercise and rejuvenate.
  • the clutch device 8 couples the motor transmission device 2 to the pedal shaft 41 such that when the motor transmission device 2 drives the front sprocket 3 to rotate via the first one-way transmission device 5, the pedal shaft 41 is simultaneously configured. move.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a driving mechanism of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the motor transmission device 2 of the above embodiment is an internal rotation type motor, that is, the rotor 23 has a hollow portion
  • the motor transmission device of the driving mechanism of the present embodiment is an external rotation type motor, that is, the stator 22 has a hollow portion.
  • the drive mechanism of this embodiment uses only one reduction gear set 9.
  • the electric driving method of the electric bicycle of the present embodiment will be described below.
  • the motor transmission device 2 When the motor transmission device 2 is actuated, the rotor 23 is rotated by the interaction of the electromagnetic fields, and the output torque is sequentially passed through the rotor holder 24, the reduction gear set 9 and the gear holder G3, the first single
  • the barrel 31, the final output torque drives the front sprocket 3 to rotate (i.e., path 1 shown in Fig. 14).
  • the drive sleeve 31 is not
  • the pedal 41 is fixed to the pedal shaft 41, so that the pedal shaft 41 and the pedal crank (not shown) are not driven, and the user is allowed to ride.
  • the pedal shaft 41 is rotated, and the output torque of the pedal shaft 41 is sequentially passed through the pedal sleeve K2, the inner ring portion 62 and the outer ring portion of the second one-way transmission device 6. 61 (please refer to Fig. 12), the bearing housing K1 is transmitted to the transmission sleeve 31 and the front sprocket 3 (i.e., path 2 shown in Fig. 14).
  • the embodiment further has a technical feature that the driving mechanism further includes a sensing unit disposed in the hollow portion, wherein the sensing unit includes a sensor S1 and a magnetic ring S2.
  • the sensing unit allows the electric bicycle of the embodiment to be used for "electrically assisted" driving.
  • the so-called electric assist type means that when the user pedals, the motorized transmission 2 is activated to assist the user in riding.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a driving mechanism of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving mechanism of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment, the main difference being that the rotor 23 of the motor transmission 2 of the driving mechanism of the present embodiment is not in the same form, so that the path 1 of the present embodiment is from the left side of the rotor 23. (schematic direction) Start. Such a change can be made in response to structural design.
  • the driving mechanism of the electric bicycle of the present invention passes through two one-way transmissions, so that when the motor transmission device drives the front sprocket to rotate through the first one-way transmission device, the pedal shaft does not move, thereby facilitating the user. Riding; and when the pedal shaft drives the front sprocket to rotate via the second one-way transmission, the stator and the rotor of the motor transmission are not actuated, so that the user does not need extra effort to overcome the force of the motor and achieve labor-saving effect. .
  • the invention can reliably reduce the rotational speed of the front sprocket and increase the output torque of the motor transmission through the design of the reduction gear set, and can easily enhance the climbing force of the electric bicycle without the aid of the transmission.
  • the present invention can make the motor transmission device and the pedal transmission device rotate together by the setting of the clutch device, and the "rejuvenation effect" for forcing the two feet to perform the pedaling action, and also the in-situ motion rehabilitation At the same time, enjoy the leisurely relaxation of beautiful scenery.
  • the present invention provides a hollow portion in the motor to accommodate a one-way transmission device, thereby saving space of the driving mechanism and vacating a space for accommodating a plurality of front sprocket and shift lever of the transmission, so that the driving mechanism is miniatured. And improve product competitiveness.
  • the cost of the one-way transmission increases greatly with the increase of the size; however, since the two-way transmission devices of the present invention are not arranged in a nested manner, but are respectively disposed at different positions, the present invention
  • the first and second one-way transmissions can significantly reduce costs, and can be purchased directly from commercially available standards without the need for additional customization, thereby simplifying manufacturing processes and reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the hollow portion in the motor of the present invention may be provided with a sensing unit, such as a torsion sensing unit or a speed sensing unit, wherein the torsion sensing unit can be applied to an electric bicycle, and the speed sensing unit can be applied to an automatic transmission.
  • a sensing unit such as a torsion sensing unit or a speed sensing unit, wherein the torsion sensing unit can be applied to an electric bicycle, and the speed sensing unit can be applied to an automatic transmission.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Description

电动自行车及其驱动机构 技术领域
本发明关于一种自行车及其驱动机构, 特别关于一种电动自行车及其驱动 机构。 背景技术
为提升自行车的使用便利及减轻自行车骑士的体力负担, 故近年来陆续有 以电动马达取代人力的电动自行车问世并广受消费者青睐。
目前一般电动自行车的马达传动设计, 约可区分为下列四类: 第一类: 马 达组设在前或后车轮外, 而马达轴与被驱动的后车轮轴平行。
第二类: 马达组设在后或前车轮外的支架上, 而马达轴与所述被驱动的车 轮轴垂直。
第三类: 马达直接与前或后车轮结合, 而直接成为车轮的心轴。 其特色是 马达的主体随着前或后车轮转动。
第四类: 马达与脚踏传动轴垂直, 经由传动组件而驱动前链轮。
目前为止, 市面上大部分电动自行车的驱动机构多为前述第一、 二、 三类 设计, 第四类则是少数。 而上述第一类传动方式概如图 1的公告第 CN2617673 号实用新型专利所示, 所述公知的电动自行车的马达 A1组设在后车轮外, 使马 达轴与被驱动的后车轮轴呈平行设置, 并通过传动组件 A2带动固设在后车轮的 链轮 A3。
第二类传动方式如图 2所示, 所述公知的电动自行车的马达 B1组设在后车 轮外的后车架 B2上, 而使马达轴与被驱动的后车轮轴呈垂直设置, 并通过传动 组件带动固设在后车轮的链轮 B3。
第三类传动方式则如图 3的公告第 CN2717810号及图 4的台湾地区的公告 第 CN1113473号实用新型专利所示, 请参阅图 3, 所述公知的电动自行车的马达 C1直接与前轮 C2结合, 使马达的轴心是车轮的轴心, 并以马达与传动组件连结 而驱动前车轮转动; 续请参阅图 4, 所述公知的电动自行车的马达 D1直接与后 轮 D2结合, 并使马达 D1与传动组件连结而驱动后轮 D2转动。
关在第四类传动方式则请参阅图 5的台湾地区的公告第 192351号及图 6的 台湾地区的公告第 519087号的实用新型专利, 如图 5所示, 公知的电动自行车 的马达 E1透过转向传动组件 E4及链条 E5而与前链轮 E2连结, 所述马达 E1与 脚踏传动轴 E3呈垂直设置, 其主要利用与前链轮 E2平行的转向传动组件 E4而 令链条 E5驱动前链轮 E2, 进行而驱使后车轮转动; 又如图 6所示, 公知的电动 自行车的马达 F1与前链轮 F2相连结, 而使马达 F1与脚踏传动轴 F3呈垂直设 置, 并通过一组传动装置 F5 (如图 7所示) 驱动前链轮 F2, 令前链轮 F2以链 条 F4带动后车轮转动。
然而前述的四类系统分别具有如下所述的缺点:
1、 第一、 二、 三类系统的传动方式, 皆设计将马达 (如 Al、 Bl、 Cl、 Dl ) 直接对前车轮或后车轮驱动, 而没有运用到变速器功能。 在整体上, 除了将较 装有变速器者耗电力与力气外, 其爬坡力亦较小。
2、 第一类传动方式, 如图 1所示, 由于马达 A1平行装置在后车轮外, 而 后车轮的半径不小, 因而需要较长的链条 A4 (或皮带), 相对的其成本将较高且 较易脱落。
3、 第二类传动方式, 如图 2所示, 其马达 B1必须附加成对的伞状齿轮作 为传动组件, 以改变传动方向, 使其与车轮轴平行方能驱动。 由于齿轮组是精 密机械组件, 故除须考虑造价成本外, 亦须考虑其适切润滑的问题; 再者, 此 类传动方式的马达 B1须装置在后车架 B2的一边, 整体上, 电动自行车的重量 将严重的左右不平衡, 另若马达是装置在后车轮外, 它亦将因占了相当的空间 而不易再加装可供被载者站立的踏杆。
4、 第三类传动方式, 如图 3所示其马达 C1包覆在前轮 C2的心轴内部, 而 马达 C1的主体会随着前轮 C2转动; 又如图 4所示, 其马达 D1固设在后轮 D2 的心轴, 而马达 D1的主体会随着后轮 D2转动。 此类型传动方式所使用的马达 均非一般规格品, 而需要特别订制, 其制造成本较高, 且当动平衡没做好时, 车子行进时会产生上下跳动的现象; 另外, 此类型的车轮亦非标准品, 同样需 要另外制造, 同样产生制造成本较高的困扰。
5、 第四类传动方式是属极为少数, 如图 5所示的设计, 在马达 E1作动时, 亦将同时带动脚踏板与前链轮 E2, 故采电动模式行进时, 骑士必须将脚抬高, 以避免被脚踏板打到, 同时因连带带动脚踏板转动而增加负重, 致造成电能的 浪费及缩减电池的供电时间; 又如图 6所示的设计, 则因需要将整个传动装置 F5设在与前链轮 F2同一方向侧 (如图 7所示), 一方面将造成自行车左右重量 的不平衡, 另一方面则因实际上空间的限制, 使传动装置 F5装设不易, 如勉强 装设, 强度上亦须考虑; 再者, 如图 6所示的传动方式中所运用到的传动装置 F5概如图 7所示, 所述传动装置 F5包括一单向传动组件 F51 , 所述单向传动组 件 F51的结构特征如同图 8所示, 由于其不但不是标准规格品的组合, 且整体 形状极为复杂, 故制造成型过程极为困难且成本甚高。
6、 前述四类的传动设计在没电力而必须以脚踏驱动时, 都有必须同时带动 马达轴的问题产生, 但由于马达的转子与定子间有磁力作用, 故导致比骑一般 自行车须付出额外的力气, 而感到费力。
另外, 如先前台湾地区的实用新型专利 (M301184) 所示, 其揭露一种电动 自行车的驱动机构, 如其第 5图 (为本发明图 16) 所示, 其驱动机构使用一离 合装置(其标号是 60)将马达的输出扭力传送至前链轮。 另外, 若在爬坡路段, 可换成脚踏方式, 而脚踏的输出扭力通过一单向轴承 (其标号是 70 ) 传送至链 轮。 其离合装置如其第 4图 (为本发明图 17) 所示。 然而所述驱动机构有下列 缺失:
(a)马达减速机构、 离合装置与单向轴承是各别分开且一线排开, 使得整体 的厚度过于庞大, 以致造成骑士骑乘时, 双脚预外张而不舒服。
(b)如其第 5图 (为本发明图 16 )所示, 其已无空间与前变速器结合, 例如 无法置放拨杆。
(c)如其第 4图 (为本发明图 17 )所示, 离合装置构造复杂, 在齿合时会有 不顺情况产生, 且会减损使用寿命。
(d)由于其使用了复杂的离合装置, 且驱动机构所占的空间又大, 因而提高 整体成本, 且不利驱动机构微型化而降低产品竞争力。
另外, 如本发明的申请人先前的台湾地区的发明专利 (1308892 ) 所示, 其 揭露一种电动自行车的驱动机构, 如其第十六图 (为本发明图 18) 所示, 在其 揭露的驱动机构中, 使用两个单向传动装置 (其标号是 5、 6 ) 来分别传送马达 与脚踏的驱动扭力至前链轮。 然而, 如其第十六图所示, 其中一第一单向传动 装置 5由于设置在第二单向传动装置 6外侧, 因而其直径大于第二单向传动装 置 6的直径, 使得第一单向传动装置 5由于尺寸的增加而大幅增加成本, 且不 利驱动机构微型化。 再者, 它亦因空间不足, 而无法与前变速器结合。
因此, 如何提供一种电动自行车及其驱动机构, 能够解决上述问题, 以提 升电动自行车的效能, 并因而开拓其应用市场与价值, 实为当前业界重要课题 之一。 发明内容 本发明的目的是提供一种电动自行车及其驱动机构, 能够解决先前的问题, 以提升电动自行车的效能, 并因而开拓其应用市场与价值。
本发明可采用以下技术方案来实现的。
依据本发明的一种电动自行车的驱动机构包括一脚踏传动装置、 至少一前 链轮、 一马达传动装置、 一第一单向传动装置以及一第二单向传动装置。 脚踏 传动装置包括一脚踏转轴。 马达传动装置装设在脚踏传动装置, 并包括一定子 及一转子, 定子或转子具有一中空部。 马达传动装置经由第一单向传动装置与 前链轮耦接。 第二单向传动装置设置在中空部, 脚踏转轴经由第二单向传动装 置与前链轮耦接, 并且第二单向传动装置在与脚踏转轴垂直的一方向上不与第 一单向传动装置重迭设置。
另外, 依据本发明的一种电动自行车的驱动机构, 包括一脚踏传动装置、 至少一前链轮、 一马达传动装置、 一第一单向传动装置以及一感测单元。 脚踏 传动装置包括一脚踏转轴。 马达传动装置装设在脚踏传动装置, 并包括一定子 及一转子, 定子或转子具有一中空部。 马达传动装置经由第一单向传动装置与 前链轮耦接。 感测单元设置在中空部。
在一实施例中, 电动自行车的驱动机构还包括一第二单向传动装置, 其设 置在中空部, 脚踏转轴经由第二单向传动装置与前链轮耦接。
在一实施例中, 第一单向传动装置与第二单向传动装置的作动方向相反, 使得当马达传动装置经由第一单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动时, 脚踏转轴不作 动, 当脚踏转轴经由第二单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动时, 马达传动装置的定 子与转子不作动。
在一实施例中, 第一单向传动装置与第二单向传动装置的作动方向相反, 并且驱动机构还包括一离合装置。 离合装置将马达传动装置耦接在脚踏转轴, 使得当马达传动装置经由第一单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动时, 脚踏转轴同歩 作动, 当脚踏转轴经由第二单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动时, 马达传动装置的 定子与转子不作动。
在一实施例中, 当转子具有中空部时, 定子与转子是内转式马达。
在一实施例中, 当定子具有中空部时, 定子与转子是外转式马达。
在一实施例中, 电动自行车的驱动机构还包括至少一减速齿轮组。 马达传 动装置经由减速齿轮组与前链轮耦接。
在一实施例中, 减速齿轮组与马达传动装置设置在同一外壳内, 因而可减 少驱动机构的尺寸。 此外, 本发明亦揭露一种包括如上所述的驱动机构的电动自行车。
承上所述, 本发明的电动自行车的驱动机构通过两个单向传动装置, 使得 当马达传动装置经由第一单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动时, 脚踏转轴不作动, 进而方便使用者骑乘; 并且当脚踏转轴经由第二单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动 时, 马达传动装置的定子与转子不作动, 因而使用者不需额外花费力气来克服 马达的作用力而达到省力功效。 此外, 本发明尚有至少下列优势:
一、 本发明通过减速齿轮组的设计可确实降低前链轮的转速并提升马达传 动装置输出扭力, 在不需变速器的辅助下, 亦可轻易增强电动自行车的爬坡力。
二、 本发明通过离合装置的设置, 可使马达传动装置与脚踏传动装置同歩 转动, 俾产生强迫双脚进行踩踏动作的 「复健功效」, 此外还兼具可原地运动复 健并同时欣赏美丽风景的悠闲放松效果。
三、 本发明在马达内设置一中空部以容置一单向传动装置, 藉而节省驱动 机构的空间, 并可在靠前链轮的单向传动装置的上方腾出空间容置变速器的多 个前链轮及拨杆, 使得本发明可与前变速器结合, 因而提高自行车变速与扭力 的能力, 再者, 驱动机构得到微型化, 而提升产品竞争力。
四、 单向传动装置随着尺寸的增加, 成本亦大幅增加; 然而, 由于本发明 的两单向传动装置并非套迭设置, 而是各自设置在不同位置, 即在与脚踏转轴 垂直的方向上不重迭设置, 使得本发明的第一及第二单向传动装置可缩小尺寸 因而大幅降低成本, 并可购买市售标准品直接装设使用, 无须另外订制, 进而 可以简化制造加工程序并缩减制造成本。
五、 通过本发明的驱动机构马达可使得车体左右重量平衡且可降低车体重 心。
此外, 本发明的马达内的中空部可设置感测单元, 例如是扭力感测单元或 速度感测单元, 其中, 扭力感测单元可应用在电助自行车, 速度感测单元可应 用在自动变速功能。 由于感测单元设置在马达内的中空部, 因而有助于产品的 微型化。
附图说明
图 1是公知的第一类传动方式的电动自行车外观示意图;
图 2是公知的第二类传动方式的电动自行车外观示意图;
图 3是公知的第三类传动方式的电动自行车外观示意图一;
图 4是公知的第三类传动方式的电动自行车外观示意图二;
图 5是公知的第四类传动方式的电动自行车外观示意图一; 图 6是公知的第四类传动方式的电动自行车外观示意图二; 图 7是图 6的传动装置剖视示意图;
图 8是图 7的单向传动组件的结构示意图;
图 9是本发明较佳实施例的一种电动自行车外观示意图; 图 10是本发明第一实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图; 图 11是沿着第一单向传动装置的剖面示意图;
图 12是沿着第二单向传动装置的剖面示意图;
图 13是本发明第二实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图; 图 14是本发明第三实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图; 图 15是本发明第四实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图; 以及 图 16至图 18是公知的驱动机构的示意图。
主要元件符号说明:
Al、 Bl、 Cl、 Dl、 El、 Fl: 马达
A2: 传动组件
A3、 B3: 链轮
A4、 E5、 F4: 链条
B2、 11: 车架
C2: 前轮
D2: 后轮
E2、 F2、 3: 前链轮
E3、 F3: 脚踏传动轴
E4: 转向传动组件
F5: 传动装置
F51: 单向传动组件
1: 电动自行车
2: 马达传动装置
22: 定子
23: 转子
24: 转子固定架
31: 传动套筒
4: 脚踏传动装置
41: 脚踏转轴
5: 第一单向传动装置
5'、 6': 单向传动装置
51、 61: 外环部
511、 611: 齿槽 52、 62: 内环部
521、 621: 制齿件
6: 第二单向传动装置
60、 8: 离合装置
70: 单向轴承
81: 螺杆
82: 凹槽
9: 减速齿轮组
G1〜G3 : 齿轮座
H: 中空部
K1 : 轴承座
K2 : 脚踏套筒
L: 外壳
S1 : 传感器
S2 : 磁环 具体实施方式
以下将参照相关图式, 说明依本发明优选实施例的一种电动自行车, 其中 相同的元件将以相同的元件符号加以说明。
图 9是本发明优选实施例的一种电动自行车 1及其驱动机构的示意图, 图 10是本发明第一实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图。请参照图 9与图 10所示, 驱动机构包括一脚踏传动装置 4、 至少一前链轮 3、 一马达传动装置 2、 一第一 单向传动装置 5以及一第二单向传动装置 6。
其中, 脚踏传动装置 4包括一脚踏转轴 41。 马达传动装置 2装设在脚踏传 动装置 4, 并包括一定子 22及一转子 23, 定子 22或转子 23可具有一中空部 H, 在此以转子 23具有中空部 H为例。 马达传动装置 2经由第一单向传动装置 5与 前链轮 3耦接。 第二单向传动装置 6设置在转子 23的中空部 H, 且脚踏转轴 41 经由第二单向传动装置 6与前链轮 3耦接。
以下进一歩说明本实施例的驱动机构。
本实施例的驱动机构还包括一转子固定架 24, 其固接在转子 23, 并是一中 空轴的结构形式。驱动机构还包括至少一减速齿轮组 9, 在此以驱动机构包括两 减速齿轮组为例, 马达传动装置 2经由所述两个减速齿轮组 9与前链轮 3耦接。 本实施例的马达传动装置 2与减速齿轮组 9设置在同一外壳 L,因而较公知的分 开设置方式, 本发明可通过减少马达传动装置 2与减速齿轮组 9之间的外壳厚 度而减少驱动机构的横向尺寸。 各减速齿轮组 9可例如包括太阳齿轮 (sun gear), 行星齿轮 (planet gear) 与外环齿轮 (ring gear ) 等。 此外, 驱动机 构可还包括至少一齿轮座, 在此以两个齿轮座 G1与 G2为例, 齿轮座 Gl、 G2分 别与两个减速齿轮组 9固接, 在此以齿轮座 Gl、 G2分别与两个减速齿轮组 9的 行星齿轮固接为例, 齿轮座 Gl、 G2是套筒形式。 又, 驱动机构还包括一传动套 筒 31, 其与前链轮 3固接, 但不与脚踏转轴 41固接。
因此, 当马达传动装置 2作动时, 通过电磁场的交互作用, 使得转子 23转 动, 且输出扭力依序经过转子固定架 24、 两个减速齿轮组 9与齿轮座 Gl、 G2、 第一单向传动装置 5、 传动套筒 31, 最后输出扭力驱动前链轮 3转动 (即图 10 所示的路径 1 )。 同时, 由于传动套筒 31不与脚踏转轴 41固接, 因此脚踏转轴 41及其上的脚踏曲柄 (图未显示) 并不会被带动, 而方便使用者骑乘。
在此需说明第一单向传动装置 5, 图 11是沿着第一单向传动装置 5的剖面 示意图, 请参照图 11所示, 第一单向传动装置 5可例如是一棘轮组, 具一外环 部 51, 外环部 51与齿轮座 G2结合, 其内环面成型有齿槽 511, 外环部 51内设 一内环部 52, 内环部 52 与传动套筒 31结合, 其外环面设有数个可外张及收合 的制齿件 521, 所述制齿件 521可外张抵制在外环部 51的齿槽 511中作单向传 动; 藉此, 当马达传动装置 2的输出扭力经由转子固定架 24传送至减速齿轮组 9时, 外环部 51被带动, 而内环部 52再因而被带动, 使得传动套筒 31与前链 轮 3被带动。 但, 由于传动套筒 31不与脚踏转轴 41固接, 因此脚踏转轴 41及 其上的脚踏曲柄 (图未显示) 并不会被带动, 而方便使用者骑乘。
此外, 第二单向传动装置 6与一轴承座 K1固接, 轴承座 K1以套筒形式为 例。 又, 转子固定架 24不与轴承座 K1固接, 因此, 转子 23的输出扭力无法经 由转子固定架 24传送至轴承座 K1与第二单向传动装置 6,亦即扭力无法经由第 二单向传动装置 6而驱使脚踏转轴及其上的脚踏曲柄 (图未显示) 转动, 因而 方便使用者骑乘。
以上已将电动自行车的电动驱动方式说明清楚, 且本发明充分具有方便使 用者骑乘的优点。 以下续说明电动自行车的脚踏驱动方式。
图 12是第二单向传动装置 6在脚踏驱动情况的剖面示意图。 第二单向传动 装置 6可例如是一棘轮组, 具一外环部 61, 外环部 61与轴承座 K1结合, 其内 环面成型有齿槽 611, 外环部 61内设一内环部 62, 内环部 62 与一脚踏套筒 K2 (脚踏套筒 K2与脚踏转轴 41与第二单向传动装置 6固接) 结合, 其外环面设 有若干可外张及收合的制齿件 621, 所述制齿件 621可外张抵制在外环部 61的 齿槽 611中作单向传动。 请参照图 10与图 12所示, 当使用者踩踏脚踏曲柄时, 即带动脚踏转轴 41 转动, 而脚踏转轴 41的输出扭力依序经由脚踏套筒 K2、第二单向传动装置 6的 内环部 62与外环部 61、 轴承座 K1而传送至传动套筒 31与前链轮 3 (即图 10 所示的路径 2 )。 然而, 由于转子固定架 24不与轴承座 K1固接, 因此脚踏转轴 41的输出扭力无法经由轴承座 K1传动至转子固定架 24与转子 23, 因而能达到 省力的功效。
图 13是本发明第二实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图。 与上述实施例主 要不同在于本实施例的驱动机构还包括一离合装置 8, 如图 13所示, 传动套筒 31上设置一离合装置 8, 其中, 离合装置 8可以是一螺杆 81, 螺杆 81以径向插 设锁接在传动套筒 31上, 且所述螺杆 81的螺纹段可被操作迫入脚踏转轴 41的 凹槽 82中, 使传动套筒 31与脚踏转轴 41结合, 如此一来, 当马达传动装置 2 带动传动套筒 31时,传动套筒 31亦将带动内部的脚踏转轴 41及脚踏曲柄同歩 转动。 即可令本发明的电动自行车在选择 「电动驱动」 的使用状况下兼具 「复 健模式」 的功能, 其主要利用离合装置 8的设计, 使马达传动机构 2在带动前 链轮 3的同时, 亦可同歩带动电动自行车的脚踏传动装置 4, 进而以脚踏传动装 置 4带动骑士双腿进行踩踏运动, 产生良好复健功效。
藉此, 使用者可先将本发明的电动自行车骑到或运到适当位置处 (例如风 光明媚且空气清新的风景区), 再将电动自行车架起定位, 接下来便可扶持需进 行复健者坐上电动自行车, 利用电动自行车的 「复健模式」 强迫复健者的双腿 进行踩踏运动, 俾发挥运动及复健功效者。
综上所述, 离合装置 8将马达传动装置 2耦接在脚踏转轴 41, 使得当马达 传动装置 2经由第一单向传动装置 5驱动前链轮 3转动时, 脚踏转轴 41同歩作 动。
图 14是本发明第三实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图。 其中, 上述实施 例的马达传动装置 2是内转式马达, 即转子 23具有中空部 Η, 而本实施例的驱 动机构的马达传动装置是外转式马达, 即定子 22具有中空部 Η。 另外, 本实施 例的驱动机构仅使用一减速齿轮组 9。
以下说明本实施例的电动自行车的电动驱动方式。 当马达传动装置 2作动 时, 通过电磁场的交互作用, 使得转子 23转动, 且输出扭力依序经过转子固定 架 24、 减速齿轮组 9与齿轮座 G3、 第一单 | 传动装置 5、 传动套筒 31, 最后输 出扭力驱动前链轮 3转动 (即图 14所示的路径 1 )。 同时, 由于传动套筒 31不 与脚踏转轴 41固接, 因此脚踏转轴 41及其上的脚踏曲柄 (图未显示) 并不会 被带动, 而方便使用者骑乘。
以下是电动自行车的脚踏驱动方式。 当使用者踩踏脚踏曲柄时, 即带动脚 踏转轴 41转动, 而脚踏转轴 41的输出扭力依序经由脚踏套筒 K2、 第二单向传 动装置 6的内环部 62与外环部 61 (请参照图 12)、 轴承座 K1而传送至传动套 筒 31与前链轮 3 (即图 14所示的路径 2 )。
由于驱动机构的组件及其驱动方式已在上述实施例详述, 故在此不再赘述, 可参照第一及第二实施例而得到了解。
此外, 本实施例还有一技术特征, 即驱动机构还包括一感测单元, 其设置 在中空部 Η, 在此, 感测单元包括一传感器 S1与一磁环 S2。 感测单元可让本实 施例的电动自行车使用于 「电助」 式驱动, 所谓电助式即当使用者脚踏时, 马 达传动装置 2才作动, 进而辅助使用者骑乘。
图 15是本发明第四实施例的一种驱动机构的剖面示意图。 本实施例的驱动 机构与第三实施例大致相同, 主要不同在于, 本实施例的驱动机构的马达传动 装置 2的转子 23形式不太相同, 使得本实施例的路径 1从转子 23的左侧 (图 式方向) 起始。 这样的改变可以是因应结构设计使然。
综上所述, 本发明的电动自行车的驱动机构通过两个单向传动装置, 使得 当马达传动装置经由第一单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动时, 脚踏转轴不作动, 进而方便使用者骑乘; 并且当脚踏转轴经由第二单向传动装置驱动前链轮转动 时, 马达传动装置的定子与转子不作动, 因而使用者不需额外花费力气来克服 马达的作用力而达到省力功效。
此外, 本发明通过减速齿轮组的设计可确实降低前链轮的转速并提升马达 传动装置输出扭力, 在不需变速器的辅助下, 亦可轻易增强电动自行车的爬坡 力。
此外, 本发明通过离合装置的设置, 可使马达传动装置与脚踏传动装置同 歩转动, 俾产生强迫双脚进行踩踏动作的 「复健功效」, 此外还兼具可原地运动 复健并同时欣赏美丽风景的悠闲放松效果。
此外, 本发明在马达内设置一中空部以容置一单向传动装置, 藉而节省驱 动机构的空间, 并腾出空间容置变速器的多个前链轮及拨杆, 使得驱动机构得 到微型化, 而提升产品竞争力。
此外, 单向传动装置随着尺寸的增加, 成本亦大幅增加; 然而, 由于本发 明的两单向传动装置并非套迭设置, 而是各自设置在不同位置, 使得本发明的 第一及第二单向传动装置可大幅降低成本, 并可购买市售标准品直接装设使用, 无须另外订制, 进而可以简化制造加工程序并缩减制造成本。
此外, 本发明的马达内的中空部可设置感测单元, 例如是扭力感测单元或 速度感测单元, 其中, 扭力感测单元可应用在电助自行车, 速度感测单元可应 用在自动变速功能。 由于感测单元设置在马达内的中空部, 因而有助于产品的 微型化。
以上所述仅是举例性, 而非限制性。 任何未脱离本发明的精神与范畴, 而 对其进行的等效修改或变更, 均应包括在权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 包括:
一脚踏传动装置, 包括一脚踏转轴;
至少一前链轮;
一马达传动装置, 装设在所述脚踏传动装置, 并包括一定子及一转子, 所 述定子或所述转子具有一中空部;
一第一单向传动装置, 所述马达传动装置经由所述第一单向传动装置与所 述前链轮耦接; 以及
一第二单向传动装置, 设置在所述中空部, 所述脚踏转轴经由所述第二单 向传动装置与所述前链轮耦接, 并且所述第二单向传动装置在与所述脚踏转轴 垂直的一方向上不与所述第一单向传动装置重迭设置。
2、 一种电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 包括:
一脚踏传动装置, 包括一脚踏转轴;
至少一前链轮;
一马达传动装置, 装设在所述脚踏传动装置, 并包括一定子及一转子, 所 述定子或所述转子具有一中空部;
一第一单向传动装置, 所述马达传动装置经由所述第一单向传动装置与所 述前链轮耦接; 以及
一感测单元, 设置在所述中空部。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 还包括: 一第二单向传动装置, 设置在所述中空部, 所述脚踏转轴经由所述第二单 向传动装置与所述前链轮耦接。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 3所述的电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 还包 括:
一转子固定架, 与所述转子固接; 及
一轴承座, 与所述第二单向传动装置固接, 且不与所述转子固定架固接, 使得所述转子的一输出扭力无法经由所述转子固定架传送至所述轴承座与所述 第二单向传动装置、 或者使得所述脚踏转轴的一输出扭力无法经由所述第二单 向传动装置与所述轴承座传送至所述转子固定架与所述转子。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 3所述的电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 还包 括: 一离合装置, 所述离合装置将所述马达传动装置耦接于所述脚踏转轴, 使 得当所述马达传动装置经由所述第一单向传动装置驱动所述前链轮转动时, 所 述脚踏转轴同歩作动。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 当所 述转子具有所述中空部时, 所述定子与所述转子为内转式马达。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 当所 述定子具有所述中空部时, 所述定子与所述转子为外转式马达。
8、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 还包 括:
至少一减速齿轮组, 所述马达传动装置经由所述减速齿轮组与所述前链轮 耦接。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的电动自行车的驱动机构, 其特征在于, 所述减速 齿轮组与所述马达传动装置设置在同一外壳内。
10、 一种电动自行车, 其特征在于, 包括根据权利要求 1至 3的任一项所 述的驱动机构。
11、 一种电动自行车, 其特征在于, 包括根据权利要求 5所述的驱动机构。
12、 一种电动自行车, 其特征在于, 包括根据权利要求 8所述的驱动机构。
PCT/CN2011/072031 2011-03-22 2011-03-22 电动自行车及其驱动机构 WO2012126176A1 (zh)

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