WO2012113164A1 - 侧入式导光板组件及背光模块 - Google Patents

侧入式导光板组件及背光模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012113164A1
WO2012113164A1 PCT/CN2011/071703 CN2011071703W WO2012113164A1 WO 2012113164 A1 WO2012113164 A1 WO 2012113164A1 CN 2011071703 W CN2011071703 W CN 2011071703W WO 2012113164 A1 WO2012113164 A1 WO 2012113164A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide plate
light guide
light
backlight module
optical film
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/071703
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张光耀
胡哲彰
黄建发
张静
Original Assignee
深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US13/122,456 priority Critical patent/US8573826B2/en
Priority to DE112011104968.4T priority patent/DE112011104968B4/de
Publication of WO2012113164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012113164A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0025—Diffusing sheet or layer; Prismatic sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a side-in type light guide plate assembly and a backlight module, and more particularly to a side-entry light guide plate assembly and a backlight module capable of reducing a bright line at the edge of the light guide plate.
  • Liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) is a flat panel display device that uses the characteristics of liquid crystal materials to display images (Flat Panel) Display, FPD), which is more lightweight, lower drive voltage and lower power consumption than other display devices, has become the mainstream product in the entire consumer market. Since the liquid crystal itself does not emit light, the backlight module (Back Light The function of module) is to supply sufficient light and uniform light source to display images properly.
  • the backlight module is mainly composed of a light source, a lamp cover, a reflector, and a light guide plate (Light). Guide plate), diffusion sheet, brightness enhancement (Brightness enhancement) The film and the frame are assembled.
  • the backlight module can be divided into a side-in type backlight module and a direct-lit backlight module.
  • the direct-lit backlight module does not include a light guide plate, and the light source is output upward through the action of the lower reflection plate and the upper diffusion plate.
  • the side-lit backlight module includes a light guide plate, and the light source is incident from the side of the light guide plate, and the light source is outputted toward the top surface through a special reflection of the light guide plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing a conventional side-lit backlight module
  • FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a side reflector portion of the light guide plate of FIG.
  • a conventional side-lit backlight module includes a light guide plate 10 , a light source group 20 , and a plurality of reflective sheets 30 .
  • the light guide plate 10 and the reflective sheet 30 are collectively referred to as a light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate 10 includes a bottom surface 10a, a light incident side surface 11 and a light exit surface 12, the bottom surface 10a is opposite to the light exit surface 12, and the light incident side surface 11 is connected to the light exit surface 12 and the bottom surface 10a;
  • the light source group 20 includes a light source.
  • the light source group 20 is disposed adjacent to the light incident side surface 11 of the light guide plate 10, and the light source group 20 is configured to provide light from the light incident side surface 11 into the light guide plate 10;
  • the reflection sheet 30 is disposed on the other side of the light guide plate 10 except for the light incident side surface (FIG. 1 shows the reflection sheet 30 disposed on the opposite surface of the light incident side surface 11 of the light guide plate).
  • the bottom of the light guide plate 10 is further provided with a dot 13 (or a microstructure) to destroy the total reflection phenomenon and diffuse the light. Reflecting, so in the diffusely reflected light, light that does not meet the total reflection condition can be emitted upward from the light exit surface 12 to provide a backlight as a liquid crystal display panel; the light guide plate 10 is further provided with a lower reflection The sheet 14 returns the light diffused downwardly into the light guide plate 10 to improve light utilization.
  • the reflective sheet 30 is attached to the side of the light guide plate 10 through a transparent adhesive layer 31. Since the refractive index of the light guide plate 10 and the transparent adhesive layer 31 are both about 1.5, when the light passing through the light guide plate 10 and the transparent adhesive layer 31 is reflected by the reflective sheet 30, diffusion reflection is formed. (Because of the imperfect smooth surface). Therefore, a portion of the light that returns to the light guide plate 10 and is incident on the light exit surface 12 does not conform to the condition of total reflection (the incident angle is less than 42 degrees), but directly passes through the light exit surface 12 because it does not pass through the bottom surface 10a. The dispersion of the dots 13 (or microstructures), so that the stronger rays produce a bright line in the region of the adjacent edge of the light guide plate 10. (light leakage) phenomenon, which affects the overall display effect.
  • the width of the display frame is generally increased.
  • the outer frame 40 is designed to cover the light guide plate. 10 possible maximum bright line L area.
  • the light guide plate 10 in order to meet the demand for an effective visible area of the liquid crystal display, the light guide plate 10 must increase the area (increase material), resulting in light utilization efficiency. Reduced, and the appearance of the display must also be widened, which is not conducive to the design of the narrow bezel.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a side-in type light guide plate assembly and a backlight module, which can at least reduce the occurrence of bright lines at the edge of the light guide plate.
  • a side-entry backlight module comprising:
  • a light guide plate includes a bottom surface, a light emitting surface disposed opposite to the bottom surface, and at least one light incident side surface connecting the bottom surface and the light emitting surface;
  • the at least one reflective sheet is disposed opposite to at least one side of the light guide plate except for the light incident side surface, and has an air layer between the light guide plate and the light guide plate;
  • a light source disposed on a side of the light incident side for providing light from the light incident side into the light guide plate;
  • An outer frame enclosing an outer frame around the light guide plate, the reflective sheet being fixed on an inner side surface of the outer frame.
  • an optical film is fixed on a side surface of the reflective sheet surface, and the optical film is concave and convex toward a side surface of the light guide plate, and the optical film is pasted through a transparent adhesive layer.
  • the air layer is between the optical film and the transparent rubber layer.
  • the optical film is bonded to the reflective sheet through a transparent adhesive layer.
  • a side-entry backlight module comprising:
  • a light guide plate includes a bottom surface, a light emitting surface disposed opposite to the bottom surface, and at least one light incident side surface connecting the bottom surface and the light emitting surface;
  • the at least one reflective sheet is disposed opposite to at least one side of the light guide plate except for the light incident side surface, and has a dielectric layer between the light guide plate, and the dielectric layer has a refractive index of 1.12 or less;
  • a light source is disposed on a side of the light incident side for providing light from the light incident side into the light guide plate.
  • the dielectric layer is an air layer.
  • the outer frame is wrapped around the light guide plate, and the reflective sheet is fixed on the inner side of the outer frame.
  • the air layer has a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 2 mm.
  • a plurality of spacers are disposed between the reflective sheet and the light guide plate to ensure the thickness of the air layer.
  • the reflective sheet is fixed to the light guide plate by snapping or screwing.
  • an optical film is fixed on a side surface of the reflective sheet surface, and the optical film is concave and convex toward a side surface of the light guide plate, and the optical film is pasted through a transparent adhesive layer.
  • the air layer is between the optical film and the transparent rubber layer.
  • the optical film is bonded to the reflective sheet through a transparent adhesive layer.
  • the present invention provides a side-lit light guide plate assembly comprising: a light guide plate including a bottom surface, a light exit surface disposed opposite to the bottom surface, and at least one connecting the bottom surface and the light exit surface Into the light side; and
  • the at least one reflective sheet is disposed opposite to at least one side of the light guide plate except for the light incident side surface, and has a dielectric layer between the light guide plate, and the dielectric layer has a refractive index of 1.12 or less.
  • the dielectric layer is an air layer.
  • the air layer has a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 2 mm.
  • a plurality of spacers are disposed between the reflective sheet and the light guide plate to ensure the thickness of the air layer.
  • the reflective sheet is fixed to the light guide plate by snapping or screwing.
  • an optical film is fixed on a side surface of the reflective sheet surface, and the optical film is concave and convex toward a side surface of the light guide plate, and the optical film is pasted through a transparent adhesive layer.
  • the air layer is between the optical film and the transparent rubber layer.
  • the optical film is bonded to the reflective sheet through a transparent adhesive layer.
  • the present invention provides a dielectric layer having a refractive index of 1.12 or less between the light guide plate and the reflective sheet, so that the light returned from the dielectric layer to the light guide plate and incident on the light exit surface can satisfy the entire light.
  • the reflection condition does not directly exit from the exit surface, but is reflected by the exit surface to the bottom surface of the light guide plate, and is then scattered through the mesh point of the bottom surface, thereby reducing the bright line phenomenon caused by the light directly exiting from the exit surface.
  • a dielectric layer having a refractive index of 1.12 or less is disposed between the light guide plate and the reflective sheet, so that the light returned from the dielectric layer to the light guide plate and incident on the light exiting surface can satisfy the total reflection condition, and does not directly
  • the exit surface is emitted, and is reflected by the exit surface to the bottom surface of the light guide plate, and then scattered through the mesh point of the bottom surface to reduce the bright line phenomenon caused by the light directly exiting from the exit surface.
  • Figure 1 A side view of a prior art side-lit backlight module.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 1.
  • Figure 3A to Figure 3C Reflection of light.
  • Figure 5 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of a side-lit backlight module of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 5.
  • Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged side elevational view showing another embodiment of the edge-lit backlight module of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a partially enlarged side elevational view of another embodiment of the edge-lit backlight module of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a partially enlarged side elevational view of another embodiment of the edge-lit backlight module of the present invention.
  • reflection can be divided into three forms, specular reflection (specular Reflection), spread reflection and diffuse (diffuse Reflection).
  • specular reflection means that the angle of incidence of light is equal to the angle of reflection on a perfect smooth plane.
  • Fig. 3B the diffuse reflection occurs on a generally flat surface, and the reflected light will exceed an angle, but the reflected angle of all the reflected light will be more or less the same as the incident angle.
  • Fig. 3C diffuse reflection occurs on a rough or matte surface, and the reflected light has many different angles.
  • the critical angle is about 42 degrees in the case where light enters the air from the light guide. That is to say, when the incident angle is equal to or greater than about 42 degrees, the light will not pass through the light guide plate and be totally reflected back into the light guide plate, which is the principle of "total reflection" applied by the light guide plate.
  • a comparison table of the angle of refraction between the air and the light guide plate can be arranged, and the direction of the light is reversible, that is, the angle at which the light enters the light guide plate from the air or enters the air through the light guide plate is the same. Just the opposite direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing an embodiment of the side-entry backlight module of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of FIG.
  • the side-lit backlight module of the present embodiment includes a light guide plate 50 and a plurality of reflective sheets 60.
  • the light guide plate 50 and the reflective sheet 60 are collectively referred to as a light guide plate assembly;
  • the light guide plate 50 includes a bottom surface 50a, a light incident side surface 51 and a light exit surface 52.
  • the light exit surface 50a is opposite to the bottom surface 52.
  • the light incident side surface 51 is connected to the bottom surface 50a and the light exit surface 52.
  • the reflective sheet 60 and the light guide plate are separated by light.
  • a side other than the side surface 51 is oppositely disposed and has a dielectric layer between the light guide plate 50.
  • the dielectric layer is an air layer 80.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are side views, only the reflection sheet 60 provided on the side opposite to the light incident side surface 51 of the light guide plate is shown, and this will be described as an example. In fact, in order to prevent light from leaking from other sides, the reflection sheet 60 may be disposed on all sides of the light guide plate 50 where the light incident side surface 51 is not provided.
  • the backlight module further includes a light source group 70.
  • the light source group 70 includes a light source 71 and a light cover 72.
  • the light source group 70 is disposed on one side of the light incident side surface 51 of the light guide plate 50.
  • the light source 71 is configured to receive light from the light incident side surface 51 of the light guide plate 50 into the light guide plate 50.
  • the light cover 72 is hemispherical and covers the light source 71 to prevent light leakage and reflect light. Returning to the light guide plate 50.
  • the bottom of the light guide plate 50 is further provided with a dot 53 (or a microstructure) to destroy the total reflection phenomenon and diffuse the light. Some light that does not meet the total reflection condition can be emitted upward from the light exit surface 52 to provide a backlight as a liquid crystal display panel.
  • a lower reflection sheet 54 is disposed under the light guide plate 50 to return the light diffused downwardly into the light guide plate 50 to improve light utilization efficiency.
  • the light guide plate 50 when the light guide plate 50 is reflected up and down to the opposite surface of the light incident side surface 51 of the light guide plate 50, the light that meets the total reflection condition will return to the light.
  • the light guide plate 50 is inside; if the light does not meet the total reflection condition, the light guide plate 50 is passed through.
  • the reflective sheet 60 is then reflected back to the air layer by the reflective sheet 60 and incident on the critical surface of the air layer and the light guide plate (about ⁇ 3).
  • the refractive angle ⁇ 4 is smaller than the incident angle ⁇ 3
  • the refractive angle ⁇ 4 capable of returning to the light guide plate 50 is necessarily less than 42 degrees (total reflection angle). Therefore, the incident angle ⁇ 5 (the complementary angle of ⁇ 4) when the light returning to the light guide plate is incident on the light exit surface 52 is inevitably larger than 48 degrees (90 degrees - 42 degrees), thereby satisfying the condition of total reflection.
  • the air layer 80 can make the angle of refraction of the light returning from the air layer 80 to the light guide plate 50 smaller than the total reflection angle, so that the incident angle when the light returned to the light guide plate 50 is incident on the light exit surface 52 is greater than
  • the total reflection angle is such that the total reflection condition is satisfied, so that the light returning to the light guide plate 50 is not directly emitted from the light exit surface 52, but is reflected by the light exit surface 52 to the bottom surface 50a of the light guide plate, and is scattered by the mesh point 53 of the bottom surface 50a.
  • the exiting avoids the phenomenon that the light returning from the reflection sheet 60 to the light guide plate 50 directly passes through the light exit surface 52 to generate a bright line.
  • the thickness of the air layer 80 of the present invention is preferably between 0.05 mm (mm) and 2 mm (mm).
  • the side-entry light guide plate assembly of the present invention can return the light emitted from the side surface of the light guide plate 50 to the light guide plate 50 by providing the air layer 80 between the light guide plate 50 and the reflection sheet 60. After that, when it is incident on the light-emitting surface, the condition of total reflection can be satisfied, and the phenomenon that bright lines are generated at the edge of the light guide plate 50 can be avoided. Therefore, there is no need to cover the bright line by increasing the width of the display frame, and the light utilization efficiency (saving of the light guide plate material) is relatively increased, and is also suitable for the design of the narrow frame of the display.
  • the material of the reflection sheet 60 may be PET/PP/PE, PC or the like, or may be formed by directly applying a reflective paint.
  • the reflective sheet 60 disclosed in the embodiment is disposed at an edge of the light guide plate 50 and maintained at a fixed distance.
  • the present invention does not limit the manner in which the reflective sheet 60 is fixed.
  • the reflective sheet 60 may be fixed to the light guide plate by snapping or screwing; or the reflective sheet 60 may be fixed to an external component by adhesive bonding, snapping or screwing.
  • it can be fixed on other components of the backlight module.
  • the imaginary line shows an outer frame 90 (which may be a part of the backlight module back plate or the front frame) that is wrapped around the light guide plate.
  • the reflection sheet 60 is fixed to the inner side surface of the outer frame 90 by adhesive, snapping or screwing.
  • FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged side elevational view showing another embodiment of the edge-lit backlight module of the present invention.
  • the side-entry light guide plate assembly in this embodiment is similar to the side-entry light guide plate assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and therefore the same component symbols and names are used, but the difference is that the reflection sheet 60 and the A plurality of spacers 61 are provided between the light guide plates 50 to ensure the thickness of the air layer 80.
  • a plurality of spacers 62 are disposed between the reflective sheet 60 and the outer frame 90 to ensure that the reflective sheet 60 can maintain a fixed distance from the outer frame 90.
  • FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged side elevational view showing another embodiment of the edge-lit backlight module of the present invention.
  • the side-entry light guide plate assembly in this embodiment is similar to the side-entry light guide plate assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and therefore the same component symbols and names are used, but the difference is that the light guide plate 50 and the same
  • the dielectric layer between the reflective sheets 60 is not the air layer 80 but a solid dielectric layer 80', and the dielectric layer 80' preferably has a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 2 mm.
  • the refractive index of the dielectric layer 80' is preferably 1.12 or less.
  • the angle of refraction of the light when returning from the dielectric layer 80' to the light guide plate 50 is smaller than the total reflection angle, so that the light returned to the light guide plate 50 is returned.
  • the incident angle when incident on the light-emitting surface 52 is greater than the total reflection angle, so that the total reflection condition is satisfied, so that the light returning to the light guide plate 50 is not directly emitted from the light-emitting surface 52, but is reflected by the light-emitting surface 52 to the bottom surface 50a of the light guide plate.
  • the light After being scattered by the mesh point 53 of the bottom surface 50a, the light is emitted again, and the light returning from the reflection sheet 60 to the light guide plate 50 is prevented from directly passing through the light exit surface 52 to cause a bright line.
  • FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged side elevational view showing another embodiment of the edge-lit backlight module of the present invention.
  • the side-entry light guide plate assembly in this embodiment is similar to the side-entry light guide plate assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, so the same component symbols and names are used, but the difference is that the reflective sheet 60 is guided by the surface.
  • An optical film 80 ′′ is fixed to the side surface of the light plate 50 , and the optical film 80 ′′ is convex and concave toward the side surface of the light guide plate 50 , and is attached to the light guide plate 50 through a transparent adhesive layer 83 , and is transparent.
  • the adhesive layer 84 is attached to the reflective sheet 60, and the air layer 82 between the optical film 80" and the transparent adhesive layer 83, that is, the side surface of the optical film 80" having an uneven shape and the transparent adhesive layer The gap between 83.
  • the side-entry light guide plate assembly of the present embodiment reduces the occurrence of bright lines at the edge of the light guide plate 50 through the air layer 82 between the optical film 80" and the transparent adhesive layer 83.
  • the optical film 80" also has a high transmittance, which can reduce the loss of light.
  • the optical film 80" is adhered to the light guide plate 50 through the transparent adhesive layer 83, and the influence of the heat shrinkage of the light guide plate 50 is further overcome, and the installation is simple and easy.
  • the optical film 80" may be a rhombohedron, an optical film or a diffusing film, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the reflective sheet on the side of the existing side-lit light guide plate is attached to the side of the light guide plate through the transparent adhesive layer, and a bright line phenomenon occurs in the vicinity of the edge of the light guide plate, thereby affecting the overall display. effect.
  • the side-lit light guide plate assembly and the backlight module of the present invention can return the light emitted from the side surface of the light guide plate to the guide by providing a dielectric layer having a refractive index of 1.12 or less between the light guide plate and the reflective sheet. After the light plate is incident on the light exiting surface, the condition of total reflection can be satisfied, and the phenomenon that bright lines are generated at the edge of the light guide plate can be reduced. Therefore, it is not necessary to cover the bright line by increasing the width of the outer frame of the display, and the light utilization efficiency (saving of the light guide plate material) is relatively increased, and is also suitable for the design of the narrow frame of the display.

Description

侧入式导光板组件及背光模块 技术领域
本发明涉及一种侧入式导光板组件及背光模块，特别是涉及一种能减少导光板边缘产生亮线的侧入式导光板组件及背光模块。
 背景技术
液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)是利用液晶材料的特性来显示图像的一种平板显示装置(Flat Panel Display，FPD)，其相较于其他显示装置而言更具轻薄、低驱动电压及低功耗等优点，已经成为整个消费市场上的主流产品。由于液晶本身不发光，背光模块(Back light module)的功能即在于供应充足的亮度与分布均匀的光源，使其能正常显示影像。背光模块主要由光源、灯罩、反射板(Reflector)、导光板(Light guide plate)、扩散片(Diffusion sheet)、增亮膜(Brightness enhancement film)及外框等组件组装而成。
另外，背光模块可分为侧入式背光模块和直下式背光模块两种形式，其中直下式背光模块不包含导光板，其是通过下方的反射板及上方的扩散板的作用将光源向上输出。而侧入式背光模块包含导光板，光源由导光板的侧面射入，通过导光板特殊的反射作用后朝顶面输出光源。
请参照图1与图2，图1揭示一现有侧入式背光模块的侧面示意图，图2是图1的导光板侧面反射片部份的局部放大图。如图1所示，一种现有侧入式背光模块，包含一导光板10、一光源组20、及多个反射片30，所述导光板10及所述反射片30合称为导光板组件；所述导光板10包含底面10a、入光侧面11及出光面12，底面10a与出光面12相对设置，入光侧面11连接于出光面12与底面10a；所述光源组20包含一光源21及一灯罩22，所述光源组20设于邻近所述导光板10的入光侧面11，所述光源组20用于提供光线由所述入光侧面11射入所述导光板10内；所述反射片30设于所述导光板10上除了入光侧面之外的其他侧面上(图1显示为设于导光板上入光侧面11的相对面的所述反射片30)。
如图1所示，以一光线为例，所述光线在所述导光板10内上下反射至所述导光板10的入光侧面11的相对面时，若符合全反射条件，则光线会直接返回所述导光板10内；若不符合全反射条件，则光线会从导光板10出射至反射片30，再被所述反射片30反射回所述导光板10内。
再者，如图1和图2所示，为了使光线能朝出光面12射出，所述导光板10的底部还设有网点13(或微结构)以破坏全反射现象，并可将光线漫反射，因此在经过漫反射的光线中，不符合全反射条件的光线就能由所述出光面12向上射出以提供作为液晶显示面板的背光源；所述导光板10的下方还设有一下反射片14以将向下漫反射的光线返回所述导光板10内，以提高光利用率。
然而，现有侧入式导光板组件具有一问题。如图2所示，所述反射片30通过一透明胶层31贴覆于所述导光板10的侧面。由于所述导光板10与所述透明胶层31的折射率皆为1.5左右，因此穿过所述导光板10与所述透明胶层31的光线被所述反射片30反射时，形成扩散反射(因非完美平滑面)。因此，造成有一部份返回所述导光板10并入射到出光面12的光线，不符合全反射的条件(入射角小于42度)，而直接由出光面12穿出，由于未通过底面10a上的所述网点13(或微结构)的分散作用，因此这股较强的光线在所述导光板10的邻近边缘的区域产生一亮线 (light leakage)现象，从而影响整体显示效果。
在现有技术中，为了解决此一问题，一般设计上会增加显示器外框的宽度，如图2假想线显示的外框40，经设计的所述外框40的宽度可遮蔽住所述导光板10可能产生的最大亮线L区域。然而，这样的解决方案并未能在本质上解决亮线现象的产生，因此，为了满足液晶显示的有效可视区域的需求，所述导光板10必需增加面积(增加材料)，导致光利用率降低，并且显示器外观也必需加宽，不利于窄边框的设计。
故，有必要提供一种侧入式导光板组件及背光模块，以解决现有技术所存在的问题。
 技术问题
本发明的主要目的是提供一种侧入式导光板组件及背光模块，至少可以减少在所述导光板边缘产生亮线的现象。
 技术解决方案
为达上述目的，本发明提供一种侧入式背光模块，其包含：
一导光板，包括一底面、一与底面相对设置的出光面、以及至少一连接所述底面与出光面的入光侧面；及
至少一反射片，与所述导光板上除了入光侧面之外的至少一侧面相对设置，并与所述导光板之间具有一空气层；
一光源，设于所述入光侧面的一侧，用于提供光线由所述入光侧面射入所述导光板内；及
一外框，包覆于所述导光板周围的外框，所述反射片固定于所述外框的内侧面上。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述反射片面向导光板的侧面固定有一光学膜片，所述光学膜片朝向所述导光板的侧面呈凹凸状，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层贴设于所述导光板，所述光学膜片与所述透明胶层之间为所述空气层。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层与所述反射片贴合。
为达上述另一目的，本发明提供一种侧入式背光模块，其包含：
一导光板，包括一底面、一与底面相对设置的出光面、以及至少一连接所述底面与出光面的入光侧面；及
至少一反射片，与所述导光板上除了入光侧面之外的至少一侧面相对设置，并与所述导光板之间具有一介质层，所述介质层的折射率小于等于1.12；及
一光源，设于所述入光侧面的一侧，用于提供光线由所述入光侧面射入所述导光板内。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述介质层是一空气层。
在本发明的一实施例中，还包括包覆于所述导光板周围的外框，所述反射片固定于所述外框的内侧面上。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述空气层厚度介于0.05毫米至2毫米之间。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述反射片与所述导光板之间设有若干个间隔件以确保所述空气层的厚度。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述反射片通过卡合或螺固方式固定于所述导光板上。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述反射片面向导光板的侧面固定有一光学膜片，所述光学膜片朝向所述导光板的侧面呈凹凸状，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层贴设于所述导光板，所述光学膜片与所述透明胶层之间为所述空气层。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层与所述反射片贴合。
为达上述另一目的，本发明提供一种侧入式导光板组件，其包含：一导光板，包括一底面、一与底面相对设置的出光面、以及至少一连接所述底面与出光面的入光侧面；及
至少一反射片，与所述导光板上除了入光侧面之外的至少一侧面相对设置，并与所述导光板之间具有一介质层，所述介质层的折射率小于等于1.12。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述介质层是一空气层。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述空气层厚度介于0.05毫米至2毫米之间。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述反射片与所述导光板之间设有若干个间隔件以确保所述空气层的厚度。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述反射片通过卡合或螺固方式固定于所述导光板上。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述反射片面向导光板的侧面固定有一光学膜片，所述光学膜片朝向所述导光板的侧面呈凹凸状，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层贴设于所述导光板，所述光学膜片与所述透明胶层之间为所述空气层。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层与所述反射片贴合。
与现有技术相比，本发明通过将一折射率小于等于1.12的介质层设于导光板与反射片之间，因此可使从介质层返回导光板内并入射到出光面时的光线满足全反射条件，不会直接从出射面出射，而会被出射面反射到导光板底面，经底面的网点散射之后再出射，减少了光线直接从出射面出射而产生的亮线现象。
 有益效果
本发明通过将一折射率小于等于1.12的介质层设于导光板与反射片之间，因此可使从介质层返回导光板内并入射到出光面时的光线满足全反射条件，不会直接从出射面出射，而会被出射面反射到导光板底面，经底面的网点散射之后再出射，减少了光线直接从出射面出射而产生的亮线现象。
 附图说明
图1：一种现有侧入式背光模块的侧面示意图。
图2：是图1的局部放大图。
图3A至图3C：光线的反射现象。
图4：光线的折射现象。
图5：本发明的侧入式背光模块的一个实施例的侧面示意图。
图6：是图5的局部放大图。
图7：本发明的侧入式背光模块的另一实施例的侧面局部放大示意图。
图8：本发明的侧入式背光模块的另一实施例的侧面局部放大示意图。
图9：本发明的侧入式背光模块的另一实施例的侧面局部放大示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
为让本发明上述目的、特征及优点更明显易懂，下文特举本发明较佳实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下：
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”及“侧面”等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。
关于相关的光线现象描述如下：
(一)反射：反射可分为三种形式，镜面反射（specular reflection）、扩散反射（spread reflection）和漫反射（diffuse reflection）。如图3A所示，镜面反射是指在一完美的光滑平面上，光线的入射角度等于反射角度。如图3B所示，扩散反射发生在一般平坦表面，反射的光线会超过一个角度，但所有的反射光的反射角或多或少会与入射角相同。如图3C所示，漫反射则发生在粗糙或不光滑的表面，其反射光会有许多不同的角度。
(二)折射：如图4所示，当光线从一种材料行进到另一种材料时，例如从空气进到透明玻璃，此时光线会产生折射，也就是光线会改变速度与方向。折射取决二个因素：一个是入射角（θi），另一个为材料的折射率（N）。折射率等于真空中的光速（C）比上光在材料中的光速（V）：N=C/V。空气中的光速几乎相同于真空中的光速，因此空气中的折射率可视为1（N=1.000293）。而几乎所有其它物质的折射率都是大于1，因为光通过这些物质，其速度会降低。光通过折射率同介质时，入射角θi和折射角θr的关系可由司乃耳定律(Snell's Law)表示。
举例来说，以光线在空气(折射率=1)与导光板(折射率=1.5)之间行进为例：若入射光线由空气射向导光板，则部份的光线会反射，部份的光线会穿透导光板，若入射光线与法线具有一角度，则此光线会产生折射现象，并且根据司乃耳公式(n1sinθ1=n2 sinθ2)，入射角会大于折射角。若是入射光线由导光板射向空气，则部份的光线会反射，部份的光线会折射，入射角会小于折射角，当折射角到达90度时，也就是折射光线与法线垂直(与界面平形)，此称为临界角,根据司乃耳公式，在光线由导光板进入空气的例子中，所述入射临界角约为42度。也就是说当入射角等于或大于约42度时光线就不会穿出导光板而全部反射回导光板内，此即导光板所应用的“全反射”的原理。
另外根据上述例子，可整理出光线在空气与导光板间折射角度的对照表，其光线进行方向具有可逆性，也就是光线由空气进入导光板或由导光板进入空气产生偏折的角度是相同的，只是方向相反。
表一. 空气与导光板间折射角度对照表
空气折射角(折射率=1) 导光板折射角(折射率=1.5)
0° 0°
10° 6.7°
20° 13.2°
30° 19.6°
40° 25.5°
50° 30.9°
60° 35.5°
70° 39°
80° 41.3°
90° 42°
请同时参照图5及图6，图5揭示本发明的侧入式背光模块的一个实施例的侧面示意图；图6是图5的局部放大图。如图5及图6所示，本实施例的侧入式背光模块包含导光板50及多个反射片60，所述导光板50及所述反射片60合称为导光板组件；所述导光板50包含底面50a、入光侧面51及出光面52，出光面50a与底面52相对设置，入光侧面51连接底面50a与出光面52；所述反射片60与所述导光板上除了入光侧面51之外的一侧面相对设置，并与所述导光板50之间具有一介质层，在本实施例中所述介质层是一空气层80。
特别需要说明的是，由于图5及图6是侧面示意图，因此图中只显示设于与导光板上所述入光侧面51相对的侧面的反射片60，并以此为例来说明。实际上，为了防止光线从其他侧面外泄，所述反射片60还可以设于所述导光板50上未设有入光侧面51的所有侧面上。
如图5所示，背光模块另包含有一光源组70，所述光源组70包含一光源71及一灯罩72，所述光源组70设于所述导光板50的入光侧面51的一侧，所述光源71提供光线由所述导光板50的入光侧面51射入所述导光板50内，所述灯罩72呈半球状，包覆所述光源71，以防止光线外泄及将光线反射回到所述导光板50内。
再者，如图5所示，为了使光线能朝出光面52射出，所述导光板50的底部还设有网点53(或微结构)以破坏全反射现象，并可将光线漫反射，因此有些不符合全反射条件的光线就能由所述出光面52向上射出以提供作为液晶显示面板的背光源。另所述导光板50的下方还设有下反射片54以将向下漫反射的光线返回所述导光板50内，以提高光利用率。
请再参照图6所示，以一光线为例，其在所述导光板50内上下反射至所述导光板50的入光侧面51的相对面时，若是符合全反射条件的光线会返回所述导光板50内；若是不符合全反射条件的光线则会穿出所述导光板50。而当此光线进入所述空气层80时，会产生一折射现象(参照司乃耳公式n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2或前述的空气与导光板间折射角度对照表，此折射角度θ2大于入射角度θ1)并到达所述反射片60上，接着又被所述反射片60反射回空气层，并入射到空气层与导光板的临界面上(约为θ3的方向)。
当受所述反射片60扩散反射回来的光线通过所述空气层80到达所述导光板50时，会发生两种情形：符合反射条件者会被所述导光板50反射回所述空气层80中；符合折射条件者则会被折射进入所述导光板50之内(折射角度θ4小于入射角度θ3)。由于能够返回所述导光板50的折射角度θ4必然小于42度（全反射角）。因此，返回导光板后的光线入射到所述出光面52时的入射角θ5(θ4的余角)必然大于48度(90度-42度)，从而而满足全反射的条件。
所以，所述空气层80可使得从所述空气层80返回到导光板50时的光线的折射角小于全反射角，使得返回到导光板50内的光线入射到出光面52时的入射角大于全反射角，因此满足全反射条件，从而能够保证返回导光板50的光线不会直接从出光面52出射，而会被出光面52反射到导光板底面50a，经底面50a的网点53散射之后再出射，避免了从反射片60返回导光板50的光线直接穿出出光面52而产生亮线的现象。
本发明的所述空气层80的厚度，也就是所述导光板50与所述反射片60之间的距离优选是介于0.05毫米(mm)至2毫米(mm)之间。
本发明的侧入式导光板组件通过将所述空气层80设于所述导光板50与所述反射片60之间，可使所述导光板50侧面射出的光线返回所述导光板50内之后，并入射到出光面时能满足全反射的条件，可避免在所述导光板50边缘产生亮线的现象。因此，也不需要通过增加显示器外框的宽度来遮蔽亮线，相对的也提高光利用率(节省导光板材料)，并且也适合显示器窄边框的设计。
再者，所述反射片60的材质可为PET/PP/PE或PC等，或由其他直接涂上反光漆而形成。另外，本实施例所揭示的所述反射片60是设置于所述导光板50的边缘并保持一固定距离，但本发明并不限制所述反射片60被固定的方式。例如，所述反射片60可通过卡合或螺固等方式固设于所述导光板上；另外，所述反射片60也可通过背胶、卡合或螺固方式固定于一外部零件上，特别是可固定在背光模块的其他组件上，如图6假想线显示一包覆于所述导光板周围的外框90(可能是背光模块背板或前框延伸的一部份)，所述反射片60以背胶、卡合或螺固方式固定于所述外框90的内侧面上。
请参照图7所示（修改图7），图7揭示本发明的侧入式背光模块的另一实施例的侧面局部放大示意图。本实施例中的侧入式导光板组件相似于图5所示实施例的侧入式导光板组件，因此沿用相同的组件符号与名称，但其不同之处在于：所述反射片60与所述导光板50之间设有若干个间隔件61以确保所述空气层80的厚度。或者，所述反射片60与所述外框90之间设有若干个间隔件62以确保所述反射片60能与所述外框90保持固定距离。
请参照图8所示，图8揭示本发明的侧入式背光模块的另一实施例的侧面局部放大示意图。本实施例中的侧入式导光板组件相似于图5所示实施例的侧入式导光板组件，因此沿用相同的组件符号与名称，但其不同之处在于：所述导光板50与所述反射片60之间的所述介质层不是所述空气层80，而是一实体的介质层80’，所述介质层80’厚度优选介于0.05毫米(mm)至2毫米(mm)之间，所述介质层80’的折射率优选小于等于1.12，经验证，从该介质层80’返回到导光板50时的光线的折射角小于全反射角，使得返回到导光板50内的光线入射到出光面52时的入射角大于全反射角，因此满足全反射条件，从而能够保证返回导光板50的光线不会直接从出光面52出射，而会被出光面52反射到导光板底面50a，经底面50a的网点53散射之后再出射，避免了从反射片60返回导光板50的光线直接穿出出光面52而产生亮线的现象。
请参照图9所示，图9揭示本发明的侧入式背光模块的另一实施例的侧面局部放大示意图。本实施例中的侧入式导光板组件相似于图5所示实施例的侧入式导光板组件，因此沿用相同的组件符号与名称，但其不同之处在于：所述反射片60面向导光板50的侧面固定有一光学膜片80”，所述光学膜片80”朝向所述导光板50的侧面呈凹凸状，并通过一透明胶层83贴设于所述导光板50，通过一透明胶层84贴设于反射片60，所述光学膜片80”与所述透明胶层83之间为所述空气层82，即光学膜片80”呈凹凸状的侧面与所述透明胶层83之间的空隙。
如图9所示，本实施例的侧入式导光板组件通过所述光学膜片80”与所述透明胶层83之间的空气层82，减少在所述导光板50边缘产生亮线的程度。并且，所述光学膜片80”还具有高穿透率，可减少光的损失。再者，所述光学膜片80”通过所述透明胶层83与所述导光板50贴合，更可进一步克服所述导光板50热账冷缩的影响，并使安装简单容易。另外，所述光学膜片80”可以是菱镜片、光学膜片或扩散膜，本发明并不限于此。
综上所述，相较于现有的侧入式导光板侧面的反射片通过透明胶层贴覆于导光板的侧面，在导光板的邻近边缘的区域会产生一亮线现象，影响整体显示效果。本发明的侧入式导光板组件及背光模块通过将折射率小于等于1.12的介质层设于所述导光板与所述反射片之间，可使所述导光板侧面射出的光线返回所述导光板之后，并入射到出光面时能满足全反射的条件，可减少在所述导光板边缘产生亮线的现象。因此，也不需要通过增加显示器外框的宽度，来遮蔽亮线，相对的也提高光利用率(节省导光板材料)，并且也适合显示器窄边框的设计。
本发明已由上述相关实施例加以描述，然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必需指出的是，已公开的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地，包含于权利要求书的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包括于本发明的范围内。
 本发明的实施方式
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Claims (18)

  1. 一种侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述侧入式背光模块包含：
    一导光板，包括一底面、一与底面相对设置的出光面、以及至少一连接所述底面与出光面的入光侧面；及
    至少一反射片，与所述导光板上除了入光侧面之外的至少一侧面相对设置，并与所述导光板之间具有一空气层；
    一光源，设于所述入光侧面的一侧，用于提供光线由所述入光侧面射入所述导光板内；及
    一外框，包覆于所述导光板周围的外框，所述反射片固定于所述外框的内侧面上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述反射片面向导光板的侧面固定有一光学膜片，所述光学膜片朝向所述导光板的侧面呈凹凸状，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层贴设于所述导光板，所述光学膜片与所述透明胶层之间为所述空气层。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层与所述反射片贴合。
  4. 一种侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述侧入式背光模块包含：
    一导光板，包括一底面、一与底面相对设置的出光面、以及至少一连接所述底面与出光面的入光侧面；及
    至少一反射片，与所述导光板上除了入光侧面之外的至少一侧面相对设置，并与所述导光板之间具有一介质层，所述介质层的折射率小于等于1.12；及
    一光源，设于所述入光侧面的一侧，用于提供光线由所述入光侧面射入所述导光板内。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述介质层是一空气层。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：还包括包覆于所述导光板周围的外框，所述反射片固定于所述外框的内侧面上。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述空气层厚度介于0.05毫米至2毫米之间。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述反射片与所述导光板之间设有若干个间隔件以确保所述空气层的厚度。
  9. 如权利要求5所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述反射片通过卡合或螺固方式固定于所述导光板上。
  10. 如权利要求5所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述反射片面向导光板的侧面固定有一光学膜片，所述光学膜片朝向所述导光板的侧面呈凹凸状，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层贴设于所述导光板，所述光学膜片与所述透明胶层之间为所述空气层。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的侧入式背光模块，其特征在于：所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层与所述反射片贴合。
  12. 一种侧入式导光板组件，其特征在于：所述侧入式导光板组件包含：
    一导光板，包括一底面、一与底面相对设置的出光面、以及至少一连接所述底面与出光面的入光侧面；及
    至少一反射片，与所述导光板上除了入光侧面之外的至少一侧面相对设置，并与所述导光板之间具有一介质层，所述介质层的折射率小于等于1.12。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的侧入式导光板组件，其特征在于：所述介质层是一空气层。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的侧入式导光板组件，其特征在于：所述空气层厚度介于0.05毫米至2毫米之间。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的侧入式导光板组件，其特征在于：所述反射片与所述导光板之间设有若干个间隔件以确保所述空气层的厚度。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的侧入式导光板组件，其特征在于：所述反射片通过卡合或螺固方式固定于所述导光板上。
  17. 如权利要求13所述的侧入式导光板组件，其特征在于：所述反射片面向导光板的侧面固定有一光学膜片，所述光学膜片朝向所述导光板的侧面呈凹凸状，所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层贴设于所述导光板，所述光学膜片与所述透明胶层之间为所述空气层。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的侧入式导光板组件，其特征在于：所述光学膜片通过一透明胶层与所述反射片贴合。
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