WO2012111857A1 - Cultivation method for plants of genus glycyrrhiza - Google Patents

Cultivation method for plants of genus glycyrrhiza Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012111857A1
WO2012111857A1 PCT/JP2012/054491 JP2012054491W WO2012111857A1 WO 2012111857 A1 WO2012111857 A1 WO 2012111857A1 JP 2012054491 W JP2012054491 W JP 2012054491W WO 2012111857 A1 WO2012111857 A1 WO 2012111857A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cultivation
licorice
root
plant
sheet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/054491
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
達文 吉岡
昭宣 末岡
美保 酒井
草野 源次郎
芝野 真喜雄
Original Assignee
新日本製薬株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 新日本製薬株式会社 filed Critical 新日本製薬株式会社
Publication of WO2012111857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012111857A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0281Protective ground coverings for individual plants, e.g. for plants in pots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0243Protective shelters for young plants, e.g. tubular sleeves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/40Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas

Abstract

Provided is a cultivation method for plants of the genus Glycyrrhiza. This method is not affected by weather, is capable of including at least a prescribed amount of an active ingredient in a short period of time, allows for easy harvesting and post-harvest processing, and has excellent cost performance. In order to solve the abovementioned problems, the present cultivation method includes: covering a ridge of a prescribed height in an open field with a sheet impervious to water; installing, on the ridge through an installation hole in the sheet, a cultivation support cylinder that has a length between100 mm and 300 mm, has one or more openings in the bottom plate, and is filled with nutrient-rich cultivation soil; planting a plant of the genus Glycyrrhiza in the cultivation support cylinder; controlling the moisture inside the ridge by blocking rainwater with the sheet; inhibiting the stolon growth of the plant of the genus Glycyrrhiza in the horizontal direction with the side walls of the cultivation support cylinder; inducing the growth of roots, that grow vertically through the one or more bottom plate openings, inside the ridge in which moisture is controlled; and enlarging the root (taproot) as well as branched side roots.

Description

カンゾウ属植物の栽培方法Cultivation method
 本発明は、カンゾウ属植物の栽培方法に関するものであり、より詳細には、ストロンの生育を抑制して、主に根部の肥大を優先させ、短期間で根部の利用を可能とするカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a licorice plant, and more specifically, a licorice plant that suppresses the growth of strons, mainly prioritizes the enlargement of the root, and enables the use of the root in a short period of time. It is related with the cultivation method.
 従来、ウラルカンゾウなどのカンゾウ属植物は、漢方薬を含む医薬品、化粧品、食品の矯味料などの原料として重要である。例えば、ウラルカンゾウの薬効成分であるグリチルリチンは、SARSウイルスや肝炎ウイルスに対する効果が確認され、さらに、含有しているイソフラボノイドのグリシリンには、メタボリックシンドロームの改善効果があるという、薬理学的証拠が報告されている。このウラルカンゾウは、乾燥地帯に生育する植物であり、我が国では栽培が難しいため、ほぼ100%輸入に頼っている。しかしながら、ウラルカンゾウの主要輸出国である中国では、野生のウラルカンゾウの乱獲により乾燥地帯の砂漠化が進行したため、輸出規制が強化され、さらに、異常気象による収穫量の減少、農薬や重金属類の残留などがあり、ウラルカンゾウを安定的に中国から輸入できない状況になりつつある。
 そこで、我が国でウラルカンゾウの栽培が試みられているが、その地下部分が多数の細いストロン(走出茎)に分枝し、上記の薬効成分であるグリチルリチンやグリシリンの含量が増えないばかりでなく、ストロンの生育が優勢となり、地下部分の根部の肥大が損なわれ、収穫に4,5年の栽培期間が必要となり、さらに、収穫時に伸長し過ぎたストロンが収穫用の機械に絡み、収穫作業を困難にしている。したがって、ウラルカンゾウは、栽培、収穫、生薬調製が困難であるとされ、我が国国内ではウラルカンゾウの栽培は不可能であると言われている。このような状況下で、ウラルカンゾウの我が国国内での栽培の試みが報告されている。
 種の直播きによるウラルカンゾウの露地栽培が報告されている。すなわち、ウラルカンゾウの種子を簡易的に割り、それを北海道名寄市の圃場に直播きして発芽させ、そのまま生育させて、1年生及び2年生のウラルカンゾウを採取し、その生育状況を調査したものである。また、発芽させた苗を上記の圃場に移植して生育させ、1年生及び2年生のウラルカンゾウを採取して、その生育状況を調査したものがある(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
 また、ウラルカンゾウのセル苗を育苗し移植機で定植するなど、既存の農業機械を用いた省力化栽培の報告がある(例えば、非特許文献2、非特許文献5参照)。
 また、グリチルリチン高含量のウラルカンゾウ種を選抜した報告がある(例えば、非特許文献4、非特許文献5参照)。
 また、いわゆるウラルカンゾウの筒栽培と言われるものが報告されている。すなわち、径10cm×1.0mの塩化ビニールパイプの下端部に、排水孔のあるキャップを嵌め、そのパイプ内に培養土を充填し、苗を植えそのまま生育させて、1年生のウラルカンゾウを採取し、その生育状況を調査したものである。また、パイプ内の培土に種を播き、発芽させそのまま生育させて、1年生のウラルカンゾウを採取して、その生育状況を調査したものがある(例えば、非特許文献3参照)。
Conventionally, licorice plants such as Ural licorice are important as raw materials for medicines including Chinese medicine, cosmetics, and food flavoring agents. For example, glycyrrhizin, which is a medicinal component of Ural licorice, has been confirmed to have an effect on SARS virus and hepatitis virus. Furthermore, there is pharmacological evidence that the isoflavonoid glycyrin contained has an effect of improving metabolic syndrome. It has been reported. This Urachis is a plant that grows in dry areas and is difficult to cultivate in Japan, so it relies almost 100% on imports. However, in China, which is a major exporter of Uralcans, the desertification of dry areas has progressed due to overexploitation of wild Uralcanus, which has further strengthened export regulations, reduced yields due to abnormal weather, and reduced the use of pesticides and heavy metals. Residues, etc., make it impossible to stably import Uralphanthus from China.
Therefore, in Japan, the cultivation of Ural licorice has been tried, but its underground part is branched into many thin strons (running stems), and not only the content of the above-mentioned medicinal ingredients glycyrrhizin and glycyrin is increased, The growth of Stron becomes dominant, the enlargement of the root of the underground part is damaged, and the cultivation period of 4 or 5 years is required for harvesting. Making it difficult. Therefore, it is said that it is difficult to cultivate, harvest and prepare herbal medicines, and it is said that it is impossible to cultivate larva in Japan. Under such circumstances, attempts to cultivate Uralphanthus in Japan have been reported.
There is a report on the cultivation of Uralphanthus by direct seeding. In other words, the seeds of Ural licorice were simply divided, they were directly sown in the field of Nayoro City, Hokkaido, germinated, grown as they were, and the 1st and 2nd year Ural licorice were collected, and the growth status was investigated. It is. In addition, there is one in which germinated seedlings are transplanted and grown in the above-mentioned field, and first-year and second-year larvae are collected and the growth state thereof is investigated (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
In addition, there are reports of labor-saving cultivation using existing agricultural machinery such as raising seedlings of Uralphanthus cells and planting them with a transplanter (see Non-Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 5, for example).
In addition, there is a report of selecting a glycerine species having a high content of glycyrrhizin (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 4 and Non-Patent Document 5).
In addition, what is called pipe cultivation of so-called Ural licorice has been reported. That is, a cap with a drainage hole is fitted to the lower end of a vinyl chloride pipe with a diameter of 10cm x 1.0m, the culture soil is filled in the pipe, seedlings are planted and grown as they are, and 1st year larva is collected. And the growth situation was investigated. In addition, there is one in which seeds are sown in a culture medium in a pipe, germinated and grown as it is, and an annual larval elephant is collected and the growth state thereof is investigated (for example, see Non-Patent Document 3).
 上記非特許文献1、2は、露地栽培地の北海道名寄市が乾燥地帯であり、しかも本州以南のような梅雨の影響を受けない点で良いが、露地栽培のため、ウラルカンゾウの根部及び地下茎部からストロンが分枝してしまい、このストロンにより、収穫と生薬調製とが困難となる。さらに、ストロンのため生育が遅くなり、薬効のある有効成分であるグリチルリチン含有量が、生薬「甘草」の日本薬局方の基準値である2.5%以上、並びに根部及び地下茎部が0.5cm以上の太さ、となるのに2、3年かかるという問題がある。
 非特許文献3は、梅雨の影響を受ける京都府で筒栽培をしているが、筒栽培であるためにウラルカンゾウの根部及び地下茎部からストロンが分枝しづらい点で良い。しかしながら、湿度、温度、降雨量の影響を受け、生育が遅くなりがちであり、薬効のある有効成分であるグリチルリチン含有量が、生薬「甘草」の日本薬局方の基準値である2.5%以上、並びに根部及び地下茎部が0.5cm以上の太さとなるのに、これまた2、3年かかってしまい、生産コストの面で困難さが伴うことになる。
 さらに、ウラルカンゾウなどのカンゾウ属植物は、すでに述べたように、もともと砂漠地帯に自生する植物であるため、梅雨のある日本国では通常の露地栽培が難しく、仮にその露地栽培がうまくいったとしても、ストロンの生育が優勢となり、根部の生育が遅れてしまうので、収穫が出来るまでの年数がかかってしまう。この梅雨を避けるため、カンゾウ属植物をハウス内で栽培を行うと、ハウス栽培でよく問題となる害虫(アブラムシ、ハダニ、スリップス)の発生が多発することになる。
 本発明者の知見によれば、ハウス内での筒栽培は、カンゾウ属植物の栽培に適しているが、ハウスの建設に多額の資金が必要であり、筒栽培に多くの人手が必要である不利な点がある。
 そこで、本発明の目的は、天候に左右され難く、短期間で日本薬局方の基準値である根部が0.5cm以上の太さの基準値を超え、且つ低イニシャルコストであると共に収穫や採取後の加工が容易な、コストパフォーマンスに優れたカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法を提供することにある。
Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 above show that Hokkaido Nayoro, an open-air cultivation area, is a dry zone, and that it is not affected by the rainy season in the south of Honshu. The stron branches off from the rhizome, and this stron makes it difficult to harvest and prepare herbal medicines. Furthermore, the growth slows because of Stron, the content of glycyrrhizin, which is a medicinal active ingredient, is 2.5% or more, which is the standard value of the Japanese pharmacopoeia of the herbal medicine “licorice”, and the root and underground stem are 0.5 cm. There is a problem that it takes two or three years to reach the above thickness.
Non-Patent Document 3 is cultivated in Kyoto Prefecture, which is affected by the rainy season. However, since it is cultivated in a cylinder, Stron may be difficult to branch from the root part and the underground stem part of Ural licorice. However, the content of glycyrrhizin, which is a medicinal active ingredient, tends to be slow due to the influence of humidity, temperature, and rainfall, and is 2.5%, the standard value of the Japanese pharmacopoeia for the herbal medicine “Liquefoli” As described above, it takes two or three years for the root part and the rhizome part to have a thickness of 0.5 cm or more, which is difficult in terms of production cost.
Furthermore, as mentioned above, licorice plants such as Ural licorice are originally plants that grow naturally in desert areas, so it is difficult to cultivate ordinary outdoor fields in Japan where there is a rainy season. However, since the growth of Stron becomes dominant and the growth of roots is delayed, it takes years until harvesting is possible. In order to avoid this rainy season, when licorice plants are cultivated in a house, the occurrence of pests (aphids, spider mites, slips), which are often problematic in house cultivation, will occur frequently.
According to the inventor's knowledge, tube cultivation in the house is suitable for cultivation of licorice plants, but a large amount of money is necessary for the construction of the house, and a lot of manpower is necessary for tube cultivation. There are disadvantages.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is not affected by the weather, the root of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia standard value exceeds the standard value of thickness of 0.5 cm or more in a short period of time, and has a low initial cost and is also harvested and collected. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for cultivating licorice plants that is easy to be processed later and is excellent in cost performance.
 本発明は、上記目的を達成するために提案されたものであって、下記の構成からなることを特徴とするものである。
 すなわち、本発明によれば、露地の畑に所定高さに盛土して畝を形成し、該畝に水を通さないシートを被せ、養分を充分含んだ培養土を充填し底板部に複数の孔を開けた長さ100mmないし300mmの栽培補助用筒体を、前記シートに開けた設置用孔を通して前記畝に立設し、該栽培補助用筒体内にカンゾウ属植物を植えてなり、前記シートにより降水量を遮断して畝内の水分をコントロールすると共に、前記栽培補助用筒体の側壁により前記カンゾウ属植物の水平方向へのストロンの生育を抑制し、且つ、前記カンゾウ属植物の垂直方向へ延びる根部は複数の孔を抜けて、水分をコントロールした前記畝にて生育させ、前記根部を主に肥大化させるようにしたことを特徴とするカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法が提供される。
 また、本発明によれば、前記複数の孔が、前記栽培補助用筒体の底板に開けた複数の小径孔のみからなるカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法が提供される。
 また、本発明によれば、前記複数の孔が、前記栽培補助用筒体の底板の中心部に開けた一の中径孔と、該中径孔の回りの底板に開けた複数の小径孔とからなるカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法が提供される。
 また、本発明によれば、育苗用栽培容器にてカンゾウ属植物を予備栽培して、径5mmないし20mm、長さ20mmないし100mm程度にカンゾウ根を生育させ、一方、所定高さに盛土した畝に水を通さないシートを被せ、該シートに栽培用孔を開け、前記カンゾウ根を、その上部にある茎・葉及びストロンの生長点が前記畝の表面より上方に位置するように、前記栽培用孔を通して前記畝に植えてなり、前記カンゾウ根のストロンの生育を抑制し、且つ、前記カンゾウ植物の根部を、水分をコントロールした前記畝にて生育させ、前記根部を主に肥大化させるようにしたことを特徴とするカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法が提供される。
 上記第1の課題解決手段による作用は次のとおりである。
すなわち、養分を充分含んだ培養土を充填した栽培補助用筒体内に植えたカンゾウ属植物は、シートにより降雨が抑制され且つ所定高さに盛土された畝により、地下水や降雨による浸透水の影響が逓減されて、乾燥環境が創出された状態にあって、栽培補助用筒体の側壁によりカンゾウ属植物の水平方向へのストロンの生育が抑制されて且つ垂直方向へ延びる根部は複数の孔を抜け、乾燥環境にある畝にて生育されて、ストロンの生育が抑制された分、根部が選択的に肥大化する。
 上記第2の課題解決手段による作用は、カンゾウ属植物の垂直方向へ延びるすべての根部が複数の小径孔を抜け、乾燥環境が創出している畝にて生育して、主たる根部が孔径による規制が大きい状態で、他の細い根部は孔径による規制が少ない状態で、ストロンの生育が抑制された分、根部が選択的に肥大化する。
 上記第3の課題解決手段による作用は、カンゾウ属植物の垂直方向へ延びる主たる根部が一の中径孔を抜け、他の細い根部が中径孔回りにある複数の小径孔を抜けることになって、乾燥環境を創出している畝にて生育して、主たる根部及び他の細い根部が共に孔径による規制が少ない状態で、ストロンの生育が抑制された分、根部が選択的に肥大化する。
 上記第4の課題解決手段による作用は、シートの栽培用孔を通して畝に直接植えた予備栽培のカンゾウ根は、シートにより降雨が抑制され且つ所定高さに盛土された畝により、地下水や降雨による浸透水の影響が逓減されて、乾燥環境が創出された状態にあり、カンゾウ根の上部にある茎・葉及びストロンの成長点は、畝の表面より上方に位置しているから、茎・葉は生育するがストロンは土壌が無いから生育できず、根部は、乾燥環境にある畝にて生育されて、ストロンの生育が抑制された分、根部が選択的に肥大化する。
The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above object, and is characterized by having the following configuration.
That is, according to the present invention, a paddy field is embanked at a predetermined height to form a cocoon, and the cocoon is covered with a sheet that does not allow water to pass through, filled with culture soil containing sufficient nutrients, and a plurality of bottom plates are provided. A cultivation support cylinder having a length of 100 mm to 300 mm with a hole is erected on the culm through an installation hole formed in the sheet, and a plant of the genus licorice is planted in the cultivation assistance cylinder. To control the moisture in the culm by blocking precipitation, and by suppressing the growth of strons in the horizontal direction of the licorice plant by the side wall of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder, and the vertical direction of the licorice plant There is provided a method for cultivating a licorice plant, characterized in that a root portion extending to the side passes through a plurality of holes and is grown in the cocoon with moisture controlled so that the root portion is mainly enlarged.
Moreover, according to this invention, the cultivation method of the licorice plant which consists of a several small diameter hole which the said several hole opened in the bottom plate of the said cylinder for cultivation assistance is provided.
Further, according to the present invention, the plurality of holes are one medium-diameter hole opened in the center of the bottom plate of the cultivation assistance cylinder, and a plurality of small-diameter holes formed in the bottom plate around the medium-diameter hole. A method for cultivating a licorice plant comprising:
Moreover, according to the present invention, licorice plants are preliminarily cultivated in a seedling cultivation container, and licorice roots are grown to a diameter of about 5 mm to 20 mm and a length of about 20 mm to 100 mm. Cover the sheet with water-impervious sheet, open a cultivation hole in the sheet, and grow the licorice root so that the growth points of stems, leaves and strons above it are above the surface of the pod It is planted in the cocoon through a hole for inhibiting the growth of strons of the licorice root, and the root part of the licorice plant is grown in the cocoon with moisture controlled so that the root part is mainly enlarged. There is provided a method for cultivating a licorice plant characterized by the above.
The operation of the first problem solving means is as follows.
That is, the licorice plant planted in the cultivation auxiliary cylinder filled with the culture soil containing sufficient nutrients is affected by groundwater and permeated water caused by rainfall due to dredging that is suppressed by the sheet and embanked at a predetermined height. In a state where a dry environment has been created, the growth of strons in the horizontal direction of the licorice plant is suppressed by the side wall of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder, and the root part extending in the vertical direction has a plurality of holes. The root part is selectively enlarged due to the growth of strons being suppressed by the removal and growth in the dry environment.
The action of the second problem solving means is that all root parts of the licorice plant that grow in the vertical direction pass through a plurality of small-diameter holes and grow in the cocoon created by the dry environment, and the main root parts are regulated by the pore diameter. In other words, the other thin roots are less restricted by the pore diameter, and the roots are selectively enlarged as the growth of strons is suppressed.
The action of the third problem solving means is that the main root portion of the licorice plant that extends in the vertical direction passes through one medium-diameter hole, and the other thin root portion passes through a plurality of small-diameter holes around the medium-diameter hole. The roots are selectively enlarged as much as the growth of strons is suppressed while the main roots and other thin roots are both less restricted by the pore size. .
The effect of the fourth problem solving means is that the pre-cultivated licorice root planted directly in the culm through the cultivating hole of the sheet is caused by groundwater or rain due to the culm that has been prevented from raining by the sheet and laid at a predetermined height. The effect of seepage water has been diminished to create a dry environment, and the growth points of stems and leaves and strons at the top of the licorice root are located above the surface of the pods. Grows but stron cannot grow because there is no soil, and the root part grows in a straw in a dry environment, and the root part selectively enlarges as much as the growth of stron is suppressed.
 本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、天候に左右され難く、栽培補助用筒体内の養分に加えて畝の土壌からも養分を吸収して、栽培補助用筒体内の根部及び畝内の根部が、ストロンが少ない分より肥大化して、短期間で日本薬局方の基準値である根部が0.5cm以上の太さの基準値を超え、且つハウスなど必要ないから低イニシャルコストであると共に、ストロンが少ないため収穫や採取後の加工が容易な、コストパフォーマンスに優れたカンゾウ属植物を得ることが出来る効果がある。
 また、本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、上記の効果に加えて、主たる根部が孔径による規制が大きい状態で、他の細い根部は孔径による規制が少ない状態で、選択的に肥大化して、種々の形状の根部を得ることが出来る効果がある。
 また、本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、上記の効果に加えて、主たる根部及び他の細い根部が共に孔径による規制が少ない状態で選択的に肥大化して、すっきりした形状の根部を得ることが出来る効果がある。
 また、本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、天候に左右され難く、畝の土壌からの養分を吸収して、畝内の根部が、ストロンが生育しない分余計に肥大化して、短期間で日本薬局方の基準値である根部が0.5cm以上の太さの基準値を超え、且つハウスや栽培用筒体なども必要ないから、低イニシャルコストであると共に、ストロンが少ないから収穫や採取後の加工が容易な、コストパフォーマンスに優れたカンゾウ属植物を得ることが出来る効果がある。
The method for cultivating licorice plant of the present invention is hardly affected by the weather, absorbs nutrients from the soil of straw in addition to the nutrients in the cultivation auxiliary cylinder, and the roots in the cultivation auxiliary cylinder and the roots in the straw However, as the amount of Stron increases, the root part which is the standard value of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia in a short period exceeds the standard value of the thickness of 0.5 cm or more, and the house is not necessary, so the initial cost is low. Since there are few strons, there is an effect that it is possible to obtain a licorice plant that is easy to harvest and process after collection and has excellent cost performance.
In addition to the above-mentioned effects, the method for cultivating licorice plants of the present invention can be selectively enlarged with the main root portion being largely regulated by the pore size and the other thin root portions being less regulated by the pore size. There is an effect that roots of various shapes can be obtained.
In addition to the above effects, the method for cultivating licorice plants of the present invention selectively enlarges both the main root and other thin roots with little restriction by the pore diameter, thereby obtaining a neatly shaped root. There is an effect that can be.
In addition, the method for cultivating licorice plant of the present invention is less affected by the weather, absorbs nutrients from the soil of the cocoon, and the root part of the cocoon grows into an extra portion where no stron grows, and in a short period of time. Harvesting and collection because the root of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia exceeds the standard value of 0.5 cm or more in thickness, and there is no need for a house or cylinder for cultivation. There is an effect that it is possible to obtain a liquorice plant that is easy to be processed later and has excellent cost performance.
 図1は、本発明方法の実施形態の畝に立設した栽培補助用筒体にてカンゾウ属植物を栽培している状態を示す断面図である。
 図2は、本発明方法の実施形態の畝にシートを被せた状態の平面図である。
 図3は、本発明方法の実施形態の栽培補助用筒体の平面図である。
 図4は、本発明方法の実施形態の他の栽培補助用筒体の平面図である。
 図5は、本発明方法の実施形態の他の栽培補助用筒体の平面図である。
 図6は、本発明の第4の実施形態の畝に直接予備栽培したカンゾウ根を定植した状態で栽培している状態を示す断面図である。
FIG. 1: is sectional drawing which shows the state which is growing the licorice plant in the cylinder for cultivation assistance standing up in the basket of embodiment of this invention method.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which a sheet is placed on the bag of the embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the cultivation assistance cylinder of the embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of another cultivation assistance cylinder of the embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of another cultivation assistance cylinder of the embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 6: is sectional drawing which shows the state currently cultivated in the state which planted the licorice root directly cultivated directly to the straw of the 4th Embodiment of this invention.
 以下に、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
 図面において、本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、所定高さに盛土した畝1に水を通さないシート2を被せ、養分を充分含んだ培養土3を充填し底板部4に複数の孔5を開けた長さ150mmないし300mmの栽培補助用筒体6を、シート2に開けた設置用孔7を通して畝1に立設し、この栽培補助用筒体6内にカンゾウ属植物8を植えてなり、シート2により降水量を遮断して畝1内の水分をコントロールすると共に、栽培補助用筒体6の側壁6aによりカンゾウ属植物8の水平方向へのストロン9の生育を抑制し、且つ、カンゾウ属植物8の垂直方向へ延びる根部(主根)10は複数の孔5を抜けて、水分をコントロールした畝1にて生育させ、根部10を主に肥大化させるようにした方法である。
 前記畝1は、露地の畑における地下水位の影響を抑制するものであるから、それなりの高さ、例えば、250mmから500mm程度が必要となる。さらに、この畝1には、雨や雪などの気象状況による水分の影響を抑制するために、水を通さないシート2が被され、このシート2には、図2に示すように、前記栽培補助用筒体6を通すための設置用孔7が開けられている。なお、このシート2は、太陽光や雨・雪などに直接晒されるため、耐候性に優れた材質のものが使用される。
 前記培養土3は、実際に栽培するカンゾウ属植物8の特性に合わせて、その種類及び粒径を決める。そして、培養土3の粒径は5mm以下がよく、下限値は経済性も考慮して1mm程度が良い。このように、培養土3の粒度を5mm以下にすることで、カンゾウ属植物8の根部10が栽培補助用筒体6の側壁6aに沿い、培養土3の塊などに影響されることなく直線状に生育させることが出来る。また、培養土3は、これを前記栽培補助用筒体6に充填する際、栽培するカンゾウ属植物8の特性に合わせて肥料や石灰などを加え、pH5.5ないし6.8の範囲となるように調整して、充分な養分を含んだものとする。
 前記栽培補助用筒体6は、直径30mmないし200mm×長さ100mmないし200mmのものが好ましく使用され、実際に栽培するカンゾウ属植物8の特性に合わせて、直径×長さが決められ、カンゾウ属植物8の根部10の垂直方向の順調な生育と、水平方向へのストロン9の生育を抑制するためのものである。したがって、栽培補助用筒体6の直径が200mmを超えると、栽培補助用筒体6内にあるカンゾウ属植物8のストロン9の水平方向への生育の抑制が不十分となり、且つ根部10の垂直方向の伸長の方向性が明確に定まらなくなる。逆に、直径が30mm未満であると、栽培補助用筒体6内外に渉るカンゾウ属植物8の根部10が充分に肥大化育成しない虞が生じることになる。
 また、栽培補助用筒体6の長さが300mmを超えると、筒体内での栽培に近くなり、畝1を利用した露地栽培的要素が失せることになってしまい、イニシャルコストの上昇を招く虞がある。
 また、栽培補助用筒体6の底板部4に、複数の孔5が開けられていれば足りるのであるが、図3に示すように、底板部4が、直径5mmないし10mmの小径孔5aが複数開けられた底面キャップ20であり、これが栽培補助用筒体6の底部に着脱可能な状態で嵌められている。これらの小径孔5aは、栽培補助用筒体6内の培養土3の水分値を調整維持すると共に、カンゾウ属植物8の根部10が栽培補助用筒体6内で生育して、その先端部10aが底面キャップ20に当たった後、その先端部10aから側根11が分枝して複数の小径孔5aを通過伸張し、畝1内の土壌の水分や養分を吸収して、栽培補助用筒体6内外の根部10及び分枝した側根11をより肥大化させるものである。したがって、底面キャップ20の小径孔5aは、その直径及び個数が重要であり、最終的には実際に栽培するカンゾウ属植物8の種類によって、経験則に照らし合わせて決められる。なお、栽培補助用筒体6及びその底面キャップ20の材質は、特に限定がないが、価格面、入手のし易さから紙製あるいはポリ塩化ビニールやポリエチレン等のプラスチック製が一般的である。
 また、上記した底面キャップ20は、図4に示すように、直径15mmないし30mmの一の中径孔21が中心部に開けられ、さらに、この中径孔21周りに直径3mmないし7mmの小径孔5bが複数開けられた底面キャップ20Aに替えてもよい。そして、この底面キャップ20Aは、栽培補助用筒体6の底部に着脱可能な状態で嵌められる。一の中径孔21及び複数の小径孔5bは、栽培補助用筒体6内の培養土3の水分値を調整維持すると共に、カンゾウ属植物8の根部10が栽培補助用筒体6内で生育して、その主たる根部10の先端部10aが底面キャップ20Aに当ることなく一の中径孔21を通過伸張して、畝1内の土壌の水分や養分も吸収し、その主たる根部10をより肥大化させる。
 一方、他の細い根部10の先端部10aが底面キャップ20Aに当ると、その先端部10aから側根11が分枝して中径孔21周りの複数の小径孔5bを通過伸張し、畝1内の土壌の水分や養分を吸収して、栽培補助用筒体6内外の側根11をより肥大化させる。なお、この底面キャップ20Aにするか、あるいは上記底面キャップ20にするかは、実際に栽培するカンゾウ属植物8の種類によって、最終的に経験則に照らし合わせて決められる。
 なお、上記の栽培補助用筒体6の底部に底面キャップ20あるいは20Aを嵌め、養分を充分含んだ培養土3を充填したものに替えて、図5に示すように、中心部に排水孔12が開いている育苗用のポリエチレン製ポット13を簡易的に使用することも可能であり、このポリエチレン製ポット13に、上記したように養分を充分含んだ培養土3を充填すればよい。
 前記カンゾウ属植物8は、根部10を主に利用するものであり、例示すれば、G.glabra,G.uralensis,G.inflata,G.aspera,G.korshinkyi,G.eurycarpaなどがあり、好ましくは、G.glabra,G.uralensisであって、これらが特に顕著な効果が得られる。上記例示のカンゾウ属植物8は、いずれも上記の栽培方法に馴染むが、栽培補助用筒体6の長さ、底板部の複数の孔形状、培養土、肥料など、実際に栽培するカンゾウ属植物8の種類により、若干変える必要がある。
 次に、図面を参照して、上記構成になるカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法について説明する。
 まず、例示した上記のカンゾウ属植物から栽培するカンゾウ属植物8を選定し、その選定したカンゾウ属植物8に適合する栽培補助用筒体6及び底面キャップ20あるいは20Aを選択する。この選択した栽培補助用筒体6の下端部に選択した底面キャップ20あるいは20Aを嵌めて、選定カンゾウ属植物8に適合する粒度の培養土3、肥料及び石灰などを混ぜたものを充填する。また、ポリエチレン製ポット13に選定カンゾウ属植物8に適合する粒度の培養土3、肥料及び石灰などを混ぜたものを充填したものでもよい。
 一方、露地の畑の土壌を盛土して、所定高さ及び幅を有する畝1を立て、この畝1をシート2にて覆う。このシート2に、栽培補助用筒体6あるいはポリエチレン製ポット13の径に合った設置用孔7を、所定の間隔を保って開ける。そして、この設置用孔7に栽培補助用筒体6あるいはポリエチレン製ポット13を通して畝1に立設する。
 その後、栽培補助用筒体6に選定カンゾウ属植物8の苗を植えるか、その種を播く。この栽培方法では、日照量及び栽培補助用筒体6あるいはポリエチレン製ポット13から侵入する雨水量を完全にコントロールすることは出来ない。しかし、畝1に降る雨水は、シート2により排除され、さらに露地の畑における地下水や降雨による浸透水は、所定高さがある畝1によりその影響が抑制されるから、選定カンゾウ属植物8に充分適合した乾燥環境が創出されることになる。そのうえ、上記した栽培補助用筒体6あるいはポリエチレン製ポット13から侵入した雨水は、逆にこれらの内部における水分値をコントロールすることになって、選定カンゾウ属植物8の生育環境が整えられることになる。
 したがって、カンゾウ属植物8は、全体として順調に生育し、栽培補助用筒体6内あるいはポリエチレン製ポット13内の根部10も、側壁6aあるいは側壁13aに沿い分枝がほとんどない状態で直線状で垂直方向にスムーズに生育する。やがて、その先端部10aが栽培補助用筒体6の底面キャップ20及び20Aあるいはポリエチレン製ポット13の底部に当たるから、それ以上の垂直方向の生育を規制する。しかしながら、底面キャップ20の場合には小径孔5aがあるから、根部10の先端部10aより側根11が分枝して、小径孔5aを通過伸張し、畝2内の土壌の水分や養分を吸収して、栽培補助用筒体6内の垂直方向の生育を規制された根部10及び栽培補助用筒体6外の側根11を肥大化させることが出来る。
 また、底面キャップ20Aの場合には中径孔21及び小径孔5bがあるから、主たる根部10の先端部10aは中径孔21を通過伸張し、畝2内の土壌の水分や養分を吸収して肥大化し、従たる根部10の先端部10aも底面キャップ20Aに当たると、従たる根部10の先端部10aより側根11が分枝して、小径孔5bを通過伸張し、同じく畝2内の土壌の水分や養分を吸収して肥大化する。
 また、ポリエチレン製ポット13の場合は、中心部に排水孔12があるから、それを主たる根部10の先端部10aが通過伸張し、従たる根部10の先端部10aから分枝した側根11も排水孔12を通過伸張し、同じく畝2内の土壌の水分や養分を吸収して肥大化する。
 一方、ストロン9も水平方向に生育するが、栽培補助用筒体6の側壁6aあるいはポリエチレン製ポット13側壁13aに阻まれ、これら側壁6aあるいは側壁13aに沿い渦巻き状に伸長し徐々に下方に伸長してゆき、この過程でストロン9の生育は大幅に抑制される。ストロン9は、上述のように、水平方向に生育するので、上記の小径孔5a、5b、中径孔21、排水孔12から栽培補助用筒体6あるいはポリエチレン製ポット13外部に伸長することがない。このようにストロン9の生育が抑制されたことにより、カンゾウ属植物8の根部10及び側根11の生育が優勢となり、小径孔5a、5b、中径孔21、排水孔12から出た根部10及び側根11は肥大化する。この時、カンゾウ属植物8の根部10及び側根11は、小径孔5a、5bや中径孔21に絞られた状態になっているが、根部10及び側根11の肥大化には影響しないことが確認されている。
 カンゾウ属植物8の栽培開始から6ないし10ヶ月が経過して、栽培補助用筒体6内外の根部10及び側根11が充分肥大化し、有効成分が一定量以上含むこととなったカンゾウ属植物8は、栽培補助用筒体6と共に畝1から引き抜かれ、さらに、栽培用筒体6内からのストロン9もほとんどないから容易に引く抜くことが出来て、収穫される。収穫されたカンゾウ属植物8は、その肥大化した根部10及び側根11が分離され、乾燥、調製などの加工を経て製品化される。
In the drawing, the method for cultivating the licorice plant of the present invention is a method of covering a ridge 1 embanked at a predetermined height with a sheet 2 impervious to water, filling the culture soil 3 sufficiently containing nutrients, and forming a plurality of holes in the bottom plate portion 4. A cylinder 6 for cultivation support having a length of 150 mm to 300 mm with 5 opened is erected on the ridge 1 through an installation hole 7 opened in the sheet 2, and a licorice plant 8 is planted in the cylinder 6 for cultivation assistance. The sheet 2 blocks the amount of precipitation and controls the moisture in the straw 1, and suppresses the growth of the stron 9 in the horizontal direction of the licorice plant 8 by the side wall 6 a of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6, and The root portion (main root) 10 extending in the vertical direction of the licorice plant 8 is a method in which the root portion 10 is mainly enlarged by passing through the plurality of holes 5 and growing in the cocoon 1 with moisture controlled.
The ridge 1 needs to have a certain height, for example, about 250 mm to 500 mm, because it suppresses the influence of the groundwater level in the field in the open field. Furthermore, in order to suppress the influence of moisture due to weather conditions such as rain and snow, this ridge 1 is covered with a sheet 2 that does not allow water to pass through. As shown in FIG. An installation hole 7 through which the auxiliary cylinder 6 is passed is formed. In addition, since this sheet | seat 2 is directly exposed to sunlight, rain, snow, etc., the thing of the material excellent in the weather resistance is used.
The culture soil 3 determines its kind and particle size in accordance with the characteristics of the licorice plant 8 that is actually cultivated. The grain size of the culture soil 3 is preferably 5 mm or less, and the lower limit is preferably about 1 mm in consideration of economy. In this way, by setting the grain size of the cultured soil 3 to 5 mm or less, the root portion 10 of the licorice plant 8 extends along the side wall 6a of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 and is not affected by the lump of the cultured soil 3 or the like. It can be grown in a shape. Further, when the culture soil 3 is filled in the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6, fertilizer or lime is added in accordance with the characteristics of the licorice plant 8 to be cultivated, and the pH is in the range of 5.5 to 6.8. Adjust so that it contains enough nutrients.
The cultivation support cylinder 6 preferably has a diameter of 30 mm to 200 mm and a length of 100 mm to 200 mm. The diameter x length is determined according to the characteristics of the licorice plant 8 actually cultivated. This is to suppress the smooth growth of the root 10 of the plant 8 in the vertical direction and the growth of the stron 9 in the horizontal direction. Therefore, when the diameter of the cultivation assistance cylinder 6 exceeds 200 mm, the suppression of the growth of the strontium 9 of the licorice plant 8 in the cultivation assistance cylinder 6 in the horizontal direction becomes insufficient, and the root 10 is vertical. The direction of extension of the direction is not clearly determined. On the contrary, if the diameter is less than 30 mm, the root portion 10 of the licorice plant 8 interfering with the inside and outside of the cultivation assistance cylinder 6 may not be sufficiently enlarged and grown.
Moreover, when the length of the cylinder 6 for cultivation assistance exceeds 300 mm, it will become close to cultivation in a cylinder, and it will lose the outdoor cultivation element using the straw 1 and may raise an initial cost. There is.
Further, it is sufficient if the bottom plate portion 4 of the cultivation assistance cylinder 6 has a plurality of holes 5, but as shown in FIG. 3, the bottom plate portion 4 has a small diameter hole 5 a having a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm. A plurality of open bottom caps 20 are fitted in a detachable state on the bottom of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6. These small-diameter holes 5a adjust and maintain the moisture value of the culture soil 3 in the cultivation assistance cylinder 6, and the root portion 10 of the licorice plant 8 grows in the cultivation assistance cylinder 6, and its tip part. After 10a hits the bottom cap 20, the side root 11 branches from the tip 10a and extends through the plurality of small-diameter holes 5a, absorbs moisture and nutrients in the soil in the cocoon 1 and grows the cultivation auxiliary cylinder. The root part 10 inside and outside the body 6 and the branched side root 11 are enlarged. Therefore, the diameter and number of the small-diameter holes 5a of the bottom cap 20 are important, and are finally determined in light of empirical rules depending on the type of licorice plant 8 that is actually cultivated. In addition, the material of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 and its bottom cap 20 is not particularly limited, but is generally made of paper or plastic such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene because of its price and availability.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the above-described bottom cap 20 has one medium-diameter hole 21 having a diameter of 15 mm to 30 mm formed in the center, and further, a small-diameter hole having a diameter of 3 mm to 7 mm around the medium-diameter hole 21. The bottom cap 20 </ b> A in which a plurality of 5 b are opened may be used. And this bottom face cap 20A is fitted in the state which can be attached or detached to the bottom part of the cylinder 6 for cultivation assistance. One medium-diameter hole 21 and a plurality of small-diameter holes 5b adjust and maintain the moisture value of the culture soil 3 in the cultivation assistance cylinder 6, and the root 10 of the licorice plant 8 is located in the cultivation assistance cylinder 6. It grows and the distal end portion 10a of the main root portion 10 passes through and extends through one medium-diameter hole 21 without hitting the bottom cap 20A, absorbs the moisture and nutrients of the soil in the cocoon 1 and absorbs the main root portion 10. Make it bigger.
On the other hand, when the distal end portion 10a of the other thin root portion 10 hits the bottom cap 20A, the side root 11 branches from the distal end portion 10a and extends through the plurality of small diameter holes 5b around the medium diameter hole 21 so The soil roots 11 inside and outside the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 are further enlarged by absorbing the moisture and nutrients of the soil. Whether to use the bottom cap 20A or the bottom cap 20 is finally determined in light of empirical rules, depending on the type of licorice plant 8 that is actually cultivated.
In addition, it replaces with what filled the culture | cultivation soil 3 which included the bottom cap 20 or 20A in the bottom part of said cultivation support cylinder 6, and contained enough nutrients, and as shown in FIG. It is also possible to simply use a polyethylene pot 13 for raising seedlings that is open, and the polyethylene pot 13 may be filled with the culture soil 3 sufficiently containing nutrients as described above.
The licorice plant 8 mainly uses the root portion 10. glabra, G. et al. uralensis, G. et al. inflata, G .; aspera, G .; korskinky, G.K. eurocarpa, etc., preferably G. glabra, G. et al. uralensis, which have particularly significant effects. The above-exemplified licorice plants 8 are all adapted to the above cultivation method, but the licorice plant actually cultivated, such as the length of the cultivation support cylinder 6, the plurality of hole shapes of the bottom plate, culture soil, fertilizer, etc. Depending on the type of 8, there is a need to change slightly.
Next, with reference to drawings, the cultivation method of the licorice plant which becomes the said structure is demonstrated.
First, the licorice plant 8 to be cultivated from the above-mentioned licorice plant is selected, and the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 and the bottom cap 20 or 20A suitable for the selected licorice plant 8 are selected. The selected bottom cap 20 or 20A is fitted to the lower end of the selected cultivation-assisting cylinder 6 and filled with a mixture of culture soil 3, fertilizer, lime and the like having a particle size suitable for the selected licorice plant 8. Alternatively, the polyethylene pot 13 may be filled with a mixture of culture soil 3 having a particle size suitable for the selected licorice plant 8, fertilizer, lime, and the like.
On the other hand, the soil of the field in the open field is embanked, and a ridge 1 having a predetermined height and width is set up, and this ridge 1 is covered with a sheet 2. In this sheet 2, an installation hole 7 matching the diameter of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or the polyethylene pot 13 is opened at a predetermined interval. And it installs in the hole 1 for installation through the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or the pot 13 made from polyethylene, and stands in the straw 1.
Thereafter, seedlings of the selected licorice plant 8 are planted or sown in the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6. In this cultivation method, it is not possible to completely control the amount of sunlight and the amount of rainwater entering from the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or the polyethylene pot 13. However, the rainwater falling on the fence 1 is excluded by the sheet 2, and the influence of the groundwater in the open field and the infiltration water due to the rain is suppressed by the fence 1 having a predetermined height. A well-adapted dry environment will be created. In addition, rainwater that has entered from the above-described cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or polyethylene pot 13 conversely controls the moisture value in the inside thereof, and the growth environment of the selected licorice plant 8 is adjusted. Become.
Therefore, the licorice plant 8 grows smoothly as a whole, and the root portion 10 in the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or the polyethylene pot 13 is also linear with almost no branches along the side wall 6a or the side wall 13a. It grows smoothly in the vertical direction. Eventually, the tip portion 10a hits the bottom caps 20 and 20A of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or the bottom of the polyethylene pot 13, so that further vertical growth is restricted. However, in the case of the bottom cap 20, since there is a small diameter hole 5a, the side root 11 branches off from the tip 10a of the root part 10 and extends through the small diameter hole 5a to absorb the moisture and nutrients of the soil in the basket 2. And the root part 10 in which the growth in the vertical direction in the cultivation assistance cylinder 6 is restricted and the side root 11 outside the cultivation assistance cylinder 6 can be enlarged.
Further, in the case of the bottom cap 20A, since there are the medium-diameter hole 21 and the small-diameter hole 5b, the distal end portion 10a of the main root portion 10 extends through the medium-diameter hole 21 and absorbs moisture and nutrients in the soil in the basket 2. When the tip portion 10a of the subordinate root portion 10 also hits the bottom cap 20A, the side root 11 branches off from the tip portion 10a of the subordinate root portion 10 and extends through the small-diameter hole 5b. Absorbs water and nutrients to enlarge.
Further, in the case of the polyethylene pot 13, since the drain hole 12 is provided in the center portion, the tip portion 10a of the main root portion 10 passes through and extends, and the side root 11 branched from the tip portion 10a of the subordinate root portion 10 is also drained. It extends through the hole 12 and also absorbs the moisture and nutrients of the soil in the ridge 2 to enlarge it.
On the other hand, although the stron 9 also grows in the horizontal direction, it is blocked by the side wall 6a of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or the side wall 13a of the polyethylene pot 13 and extends spirally along these side walls 6a or 13a. As a result, the growth of Stron 9 is greatly suppressed during this process. Since the stron 9 grows in the horizontal direction as described above, the stron 9 can extend from the small- diameter holes 5a, 5b, the medium-diameter hole 21, and the drainage hole 12 to the outside of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 or the polyethylene pot 13. Absent. By suppressing the growth of the stron 9 in this way, the growth of the root part 10 and the side root 11 of the licorice plant 8 becomes dominant, and the root part 10 coming out from the small- diameter holes 5a, 5b, the medium-diameter hole 21, the drain hole 12 and The lateral root 11 is enlarged. At this time, the root part 10 and the side root 11 of the licorice plant 8 are in a state of being narrowed down to the small- diameter holes 5a, 5b and the medium-diameter hole 21, but do not affect the enlargement of the root part 10 and the side root 11. It has been confirmed.
Six to ten months have passed since the start of cultivation of the licorice plant 8, and the root part 10 and the side root 11 inside and outside the cultivation auxiliary cylinder 6 are sufficiently enlarged, and the licorice plant 8 which contains more than a certain amount of active ingredients. Is pulled out of the culm 1 together with the cultivation support cylinder 6 and further, since there is almost no stron 9 from the cultivation cylinder 6, it can be easily pulled out and harvested. The harvested licorice plant 8 has its enlarged root portion 10 and side root 11 separated, and is commercialized through processes such as drying and preparation.
 本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、以下のようにしてもよい。
 すなわち、このカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、育苗用栽培容器にてカンゾウ属植物8を予備栽培して、径5mmないし20mm、長さ20mmないし100mm程度にカンゾウ根14を生育させ、一方、所定高さに盛土した畝1に水を通さないシート2を被せ、該シート2に栽培用孔7Aを開け、カンゾウ根14を、その上部にある茎・葉15及びストロン9の生長点が畝1より上方に位置するように、栽培用孔7Aを通して畝1に植えてなるものであり、これにより、カンゾウ根14のストロン9の生育を抑制し、且つ、カンゾウ属植物8の根部10を、水分をコントロールした畝1にて生育させ、根部10を主に肥大化させるようにしたものである。
 このカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、カンゾウ属植物8を育苗用栽培容器にて約1年から数年予備栽培すると、径5mmないし20mm×長さ20mmないし100mm程度のカンゾウ根14を有するカンゾウ属植物8を生育させることが出来る。そのカンゾウ根14をシート2を被せた畝1に栽培用孔7Aを通して植える際、カンゾウ根14の上部にある茎・葉15及びストロン9の生長点が、畝1の表面より上方に位置するように定植する。このようにカンゾウ根14を定植すると、ストロン9の成長点が常時畝1の表面より上にあるため、ストロン9は生育出来ない。したがって、ストロン9が生育出来ない分、カンゾウ属植物の根部10を肥大化させることになる。その他の構成、作用は実施例1のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法とほぼ同じなので、その詳細な説明を省略する。
 次に、上記構成になるカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法の優位性を実証したので、その状況を説明する。
 試験例1
 試験地:山口県岩国市の西畑圃場において、直径100mm×長さ150mmの塩化ビニール製の栽培補助用筒体に、図4に示す底面キャップ(中径孔20mm×1、小径孔5mm×12)を被せ、粒径5mm以下の培養土に肥料1.5%を混ぜ、pH5.8ないし6.5の範囲となるように石灰を加えて調製したものを栽培補助用筒体に充填し、それを高さ300mmで防水シートを被せ培養土に肥料、石灰を加えて調整したものを栽培補助用筒体に充填し、2010年4月6日から同年10月15日まで193日間栽培した。収穫直後の培養土及び畝の土壌を落としたウラルカンゾウの各部位の重量を測定した。なお、ウラルカンゾウの各測定部位は、根頭部+ストロン、底面キャップより上部の根部、底面キャップより下部の根部、ストロンの4部位である。なお、栽培数は6例である。
 対照例1
 栽培補助用筒体を使用しないこと以外、試験例1と同じ条件にてウラルカンゾウを栽培し、その各部位の重量を測定した。なお、栽培数は5例である。
 試験例2
 栽培補助用筒体に代えて直径100mm×長さ110mmのポリエチレン製ポットを使用すること以外、試験例1と同じ条件にて、ウラルカンゾウを栽培し、その各部位の重量を測定した。なお、栽培数は2例である。
 試験例3
 ウラルカンゾウを播種し、ポリポットにおいて育苗、予備栽培した径10mm、長さ40mmのカンゾウ根14を、高さ300mmに盛土した畝に防水シートを被せ、該シートに栽培用の孔を開け、茎・葉、ストロンの生長点が畝表面より上部に出るように定植し、2010年4月6日から同年10月15日まで193日間栽培した。収穫直後の培養土及び畝の土壌を落としたウラルカンゾウの各部位の重量を測定した。なお、栽培数は4例である。
 以上の結果を表1に示す。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法により収穫した試験例1、2におけるカンゾウ属植物のストロンは、表1に示す通り、いずれも対照例1におけるものよりも遙かに少なく、その分、根部の収穫は相対的に多くなった。
 その要因は、筒内部で成長した根部10は、孔5を通過し畝1で生育する過程において太くなり孔5により絞られることにより、その部位より先端部での一次側根、二次側根を発生し、これら側根におけるグリチルリチン含量が多いため、全体のグリチルリチン含量が増加するものと推定される。
 以上、本発明の実施形態を説明したが、具体的な構成はこれに限定されず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲での変更は適宜可能であることは理解されるべきである。
The cultivation method of the licorice plant of the present invention may be as follows.
That is, this licorice plant cultivation method involves pre-cultivating licorice plant 8 in a cultivation container for raising seedlings to grow licorice root 14 to a diameter of about 5 mm to 20 mm and a length of about 20 mm to 100 mm. Then, a sheet 2 that does not allow water to pass is put on the bank 1 that has been embanked, a hole 7A for cultivation is opened in the sheet 2, and the growth point of the licorice root 14 is the stem / leaf 15 and stron 9 on the upper part of the sheet 1 It is planted in the cocoon 1 through the cultivation hole 7A so as to be located above, thereby suppressing the growth of the stron 9 of the licorice root 14, and the root part 10 of the licorice plant 8 with moisture. It is grown in a controlled cocoon 1 so that the root 10 is mainly enlarged.
This licorice plant cultivation method is a licorice plant having a licorice root 14 having a diameter of about 5 mm to 20 mm and a length of about 20 mm to 100 mm when pre-cultured for about 1 to several years in a cultivation container for raising seedlings. 8 can be grown. When planting the licorice root 14 on the cocoon 1 covered with the sheet 2 through the cultivation hole 7A, the growth points of the stems / leaves 15 and the strons 9 above the licorice root 14 are positioned above the surface of the cocoon 1 To plant. When the licorice root 14 is planted in this manner, the growth point of the stron 9 is always above the surface of the cocoon 1, so that the stron 9 cannot grow. Therefore, the root part 10 of the licorice plant is enlarged because the stron 9 cannot grow. Other configurations and actions are almost the same as those of Example 1 for cultivating licorice plants, and therefore detailed description thereof is omitted.
Next, since the superiority of the cultivation method of the licorice plant which becomes the above-mentioned composition was demonstrated, the situation is explained.
Test example 1
Test place: In Nishihata field in Iwakuni city, Yamaguchi prefecture, a bottom cap (medium diameter hole 20 mm × 1, small diameter hole 5 mm × 12) is attached to a cultivation support cylinder made of vinyl chloride having a diameter of 100 mm × length of 150 mm. , Mixed with fertilizer 1.5% in culture soil with a particle size of 5 mm or less, and added lime so that the pH is in the range of 5.8 to 6.5. This was covered with a waterproof sheet at a height of 300 mm, and fertilizer and lime were added to the culture soil to fill the cultivation auxiliary cylinder, and cultivated for 193 days from April 6, 2010 to October 15, the same year. The weight of each part of Uralphanthus from which the cultured soil immediately after harvest and the soil of straw were removed was measured. In addition, each measurement site | part of Uralphanthus is four parts, a root head + stron, a root part above a bottom cap, a root part below a bottom cap, and a stron. In addition, the number of cultivation is 6 examples.
Control 1
Ural licorice was cultivated under the same conditions as in Test Example 1 except that no cultivation auxiliary cylinder was used, and the weight of each part was measured. In addition, the number of cultivation is 5 examples.
Test example 2
Ural licorice was cultivated under the same conditions as in Test Example 1 except that a polyethylene pot having a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 110 mm was used instead of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder, and the weight of each part was measured. In addition, the number of cultivation is two examples.
Test example 3
Seeds Ural licorice, planted seedlings in a polypot, preliminarily cultivated licorice root 14 with a diameter of 40 mm, covered with a waterproof sheet on a culm filled with a height of 300 mm, opened a hole for cultivation on the sheet, The plants were planted so that the growth points of leaves and strons appeared above the surface of the cocoon, and cultivated for 193 days from April 6, 2010 to October 15, 2010. The weight of each part of Uralphanthus from which the cultured soil immediately after harvest and the soil of straw were removed was measured. In addition, the number of cultivation is 4 examples.
The results are shown in Table 1.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
As shown in Table 1, the strons of licorice plants in Test Examples 1 and 2 harvested by the cultivation method of the licorice plant of the present invention are much less than those in Control Example 1, and accordingly, The yield was relatively high.
The reason is that the root 10 grown inside the tube is thickened in the process of passing through the hole 5 and growing on the cocoon 1 and is squeezed by the hole 5, thereby generating primary and secondary side roots at the tip from the part. However, since the glycyrrhizin content in these lateral roots is large, it is estimated that the overall glycyrrhizin content increases.
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, it should be understood that a specific structure is not limited to this, and the change in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention is possible suitably.
 本発明のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法は、栽培地の天候に左右され難く、短期間で日本薬局方の基準値である根部が0.5cm以上の太さの基準値を超え、且つ低イニシャルコストであると共に収穫や採取後の加工が容易な、コストパフォーマンスに優れたカンゾウ属植物を得たいような場合に、極めて高い利用可能性がある。 The method for cultivating the licorice plant of the present invention is not easily influenced by the weather of the cultivation area, the root value which is the standard value of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia in a short period exceeds the standard value of the thickness of 0.5 cm or more, and low initial cost However, it is extremely useful when it is desired to obtain a licorice plant that is easy to harvest and process after harvesting and has excellent cost performance.
 1            畝
 2            シート
 3            培養土
 4            底板部
 5            孔
 5a、5b        小径孔
 6            栽培補助用筒体
 6a、13a       側壁
 7            設置用孔
 7A           栽培用孔
 8            カンゾウ属植物
 9            ストロン
 10           根部(主根)
 10a          先端部
 11           側根
 12           排水孔
 13           ポリエチレン製ポット
 14           カンゾウ根
 15           茎・葉
 20、20A       底面キャップ
 21           中径孔
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 畝 2 Sheet 3 Culture soil 4 Bottom plate part 5 Hole 5a, 5b Small diameter hole 6 Cultivation cylinder 6a, 13a Side wall 7 Installation hole 7A Cultivation hole 8 Licorice plant 9 Stron 10 Root (main root)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10a Tip part 11 Side root 12 Drainage hole 13 Polyethylene pot 14 Licorice root 15 Stem and leaf 20, 20A Bottom cap 21 Medium diameter hole

Claims (4)

  1. 露地の畑に所定高さに盛土して畝を形成し、該畝に水を通さないシートを被せ、養分を充分含んだ培養土を充填し底板部に1以上の孔を開けた長さ100mmないし300mmの栽培補助用筒体を、前記シートに開けた設置用孔を通して前記畝に立設し、該栽培補助用筒体内にカンゾウ属植物を植えてなり、前記シートにより降水量を遮断して畝内の水分をコントロールすると共に、前記栽培補助用筒体の側壁により前記カンゾウ属植物の水平方向へのストロンの生育を抑制し、且つ、前記カンゾウ属植物の垂直方向へ延びる根部は1以上の孔を抜けて、水分をコントロールした前記畝にて生育させ、前記根部を主に肥大化させるようにしたことを特徴とするカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法。 A length of 100 mm in which the soil is filled with a sheet that does not allow water to pass through it, filled with culture soil containing sufficient nutrients, and one or more holes are made in the bottom plate part. Or a 300 mm cultivation auxiliary cylinder is erected on the tub through an installation hole opened in the sheet, and a licorice plant is planted in the cultivation auxiliary cylinder, and the precipitation is blocked by the sheet. While controlling the moisture in the culm, the side wall of the cultivation auxiliary cylinder suppresses the growth of strons in the horizontal direction of the licorice plant, and has at least one root extending in the vertical direction of the licorice plant A method for cultivating licorice plants, characterized in that the roots are mainly enlarged by passing through holes and growing in the cocoon with controlled water content.
  2. 前記孔は、前記栽培補助用筒体の底板部に開けた複数の小径孔からなる請求項1記載のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法。 The said hole is a cultivation method of the licorice plant of Claim 1 which consists of a several small diameter hole opened in the baseplate part of the said cylinder for cultivation assistance.
  3. 前記孔は、前記栽培補助用筒体の底板部の中心部に開けた一の中径孔と、該中径孔周りの底板部に開けた複数の小径孔とからなる請求項1記載のカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法。 2. The licorice according to claim 1, wherein the hole is composed of one medium-diameter hole opened in a center portion of the bottom plate portion of the cultivation assistance cylinder and a plurality of small-diameter holes formed in the bottom plate portion around the medium-diameter hole. Cultivation method of genus plants.
  4. 育苗用栽培容器にてカンゾウ属植物を予備栽培して、径5mmないし20mm、長さ20mmないし100mm程度にカンゾウ根を生育させ、一方、所定高さに盛土した畝に水を通さないシートを被せ、該シートに栽培用孔を開け、前記カンゾウ根を、その上部にある茎・葉及びストロンの生長点が前記畝の表面より上方に位置するように、前記栽培用孔を通して前記畝に植えてなり、前記カンゾウ根のストロンの生育を抑制し、且つ、前記カンゾウ属植物の根部を、水分をコントロールした前記畝にて生育させ、前記根部を主に肥大化させるようにしたことを特徴とするカンゾウ属植物の栽培方法。 Pre-cultivate licorice plants in a seedling cultivation container and grow licorice roots with a diameter of 5 mm to 20 mm and a length of about 20 mm to 100 mm. , Cultivating a hole for cultivation in the sheet, and planting the licorice root into the culm through the cultivating hole so that the growth point of the stem, leaf and stron on the upper part is located above the surface of the culm It is characterized by suppressing the growth of strons of the licorice root and growing the root part of the plant of the genus licorice in the cocoon with moisture controlled to mainly enlarge the root part. How to cultivate licorice plants.
PCT/JP2012/054491 2011-02-18 2012-02-17 Cultivation method for plants of genus glycyrrhiza WO2012111857A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011032698A JP5567511B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2011-02-18 Cultivation method
JP2011-032698 2011-02-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012111857A1 true WO2012111857A1 (en) 2012-08-23

Family

ID=46672758

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2012/054491 WO2012111857A1 (en) 2011-02-18 2012-02-17 Cultivation method for plants of genus glycyrrhiza

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5567511B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012111857A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109716956A (en) * 2019-01-18 2019-05-07 江苏省农业科学院 A kind of cultivated strawberry slot and its preparation method and application
CN112930890A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-11 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Strawberry stolon traction and cutting composite seedling culture method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014126336A1 (en) * 2013-02-12 2014-08-21 전북대학교산학협력단 Plate-shaped member for forming plant cultivation container, plant cultivation container, and plant cultivation method
JP6391127B2 (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-09-19 国立研究開発法人医薬基盤・健康・栄養研究所 Licorice plant cultivation method, hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and propagation method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10327679A (en) * 1997-06-02 1998-12-15 Fukuoka Marumoto Kk Culture container set at high place
JP2004160812A (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-06-10 Diatex Co Ltd Moisture permeable sheet
JP2007300805A (en) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-22 Long Beach Land:Kk Cylinder cultivation method for root vegetable and root vegetable cultivation body
JP2009153398A (en) * 2007-12-25 2009-07-16 Nidaiki Kk Agricultural sheet, method for cultivating/maintaining farm crop comprising use of the sheet, and cultivated farm crop
JP2010029181A (en) * 2008-06-27 2010-02-12 Shin Nihon Seiyaku Co Ltd Method for cultivating medicinal herb

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10327679A (en) * 1997-06-02 1998-12-15 Fukuoka Marumoto Kk Culture container set at high place
JP2004160812A (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-06-10 Diatex Co Ltd Moisture permeable sheet
JP2007300805A (en) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-22 Long Beach Land:Kk Cylinder cultivation method for root vegetable and root vegetable cultivation body
JP2009153398A (en) * 2007-12-25 2009-07-16 Nidaiki Kk Agricultural sheet, method for cultivating/maintaining farm crop comprising use of the sheet, and cultivated farm crop
JP2010029181A (en) * 2008-06-27 2010-02-12 Shin Nihon Seiyaku Co Ltd Method for cultivating medicinal herb

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KAZUO OZAKI: "Aim for Production of Glycyrrhizae Radix in Japan(1) A Novel Cultivation Method of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisher", THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY, vol. 61, no. 2, 2007, pages 89 - 92 *
MASAKI ANETAI ET AL.: "Raising Planting of Licorices (Glycyrrhiza spp.) and Quality of Glycyrrhizae Radix Produced in Hokkaido", REPORT OF THE HOKKAIDO INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 1992, 42ND SERIES, pages 21 - 24 *
NORIIE ITO: "Kanpoyaku Genryo Shokubutsu 'Kanzo' o Sukue !", RADIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, vol. 53, no. 10, 25 October 2010 (2010-10-25), pages 32 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109716956A (en) * 2019-01-18 2019-05-07 江苏省农业科学院 A kind of cultivated strawberry slot and its preparation method and application
CN109716956B (en) * 2019-01-18 2021-05-25 江苏省农业科学院 Strawberry cultivation tank and preparation method and application thereof
CN112930890A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-11 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Strawberry stolon traction and cutting composite seedling culture method
CN112930890B (en) * 2021-02-03 2022-10-14 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Strawberry stolon traction and cutting composite seedling culture method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2012170343A (en) 2012-09-10
JP5567511B2 (en) 2014-08-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105052523B (en) A kind of cultural method of imitative wild Dendrodium
CN103960036B (en) A kind of sylvan life natural cultivation method of magnificent Paris polyphylla
JP2010029181A (en) Method for cultivating medicinal herb
CN103548513B (en) A kind of tuniclike psammosilene root open-air rearing method
CN103975728B (en) A kind of organic cultivation method drinking Flos Chrysanthemi
CN104365465B (en) The interplanting device and its cultural method of Herba Dendrobii and Herba Anoectochili roxburghii
CN102612981B (en) Quick cultivation technique for Paris polyphylla
CN103988683A (en) Method for planting Panax notoginseng
CN104285628A (en) Method for planting organic tea trees
JP5635714B2 (en) Cultivation method
CN105325158B (en) A kind of hotbed chives implantation methods and its special astigmatism cooling heat radiation regulation and control film
CN103563627B (en) A kind of red sage root covering with ground sheeting ridge formula cultural method
CN104521531A (en) Method for culturing paris polyphylla through kiwi fruit woodland
CN104350926A (en) Large-scale cultivation method of radix psammosilenes
CN107242010A (en) A kind of cultural method of Paris polyphylla high yield high-quality
CN104025857A (en) Platycodon grandiflorum cultivation method
JP5626354B2 (en) How to grow ginseng
CN106416655A (en) Rhizoma Paridis artificial seedling growing method
CN106171467A (en) Rhododendronsimiarum seed propagation method
JP5567511B2 (en) Cultivation method
CN102550272A (en) Method for planting Saposhnikovia divaricata
JP5646364B2 (en) Cultivation method
CN107926513A (en) A kind of implantation methods of Fourstamen Stephania Root
CN110583383A (en) Artificial planting method for wild conyza blinii
CN106879414A (en) A kind of implantation methods of high mountain cloud and mist tea

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 12747376

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 12747376

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1