WO2012101914A1 - 歯科用位置合わせ治具及びこれを使用した咬合採得法 - Google Patents
歯科用位置合わせ治具及びこれを使用した咬合採得法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012101914A1 WO2012101914A1 PCT/JP2011/078526 JP2011078526W WO2012101914A1 WO 2012101914 A1 WO2012101914 A1 WO 2012101914A1 JP 2011078526 W JP2011078526 W JP 2011078526W WO 2012101914 A1 WO2012101914 A1 WO 2012101914A1
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- implant
- bite
- dental
- bite material
- alignment jig
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/04—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0001—Impression means for implants, e.g. impression coping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
- A61C11/06—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings with incisal guide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/04—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry
- A61C19/05—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry for determining occlusion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C9/00—Impression cups, i.e. impression trays; Impression methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C9/00—Impression cups, i.e. impression trays; Impression methods
- A61C9/002—Means or methods for correctly replacing a dental model, e.g. dowel pins; Dowel pin positioning means or methods
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dental alignment jig used for manufacturing / adjusting dentures such as crowns, bridges and full dentures and performing inspections in the oral cavity, and an occlusal acquisition method using the same.
- occlusal acquisition that is, use a wax dyke to move the upper and lower teeth Work to record the positional relationship.
- this is called “Bite Taking: BT”, but by taking this occlusion and recording the occlusal position of the teeth, the working model is attached to the articulator in a manner close to the actual oral condition. It is possible to perform inspections and make / adjust prosthetics on the working model.
- An articulator is a device that reproduces various positions of jaw movement and occlusion on a working model for the purpose of treatment and research in dentistry.
- Various types of articulators have been developed according to the purpose, such as those that reproduce specific occlusal positions such as central occlusal positions, and those that reproduce jaw movements such as lateral movement and forward sliding movement. (Patent Document 1).
- the bite is often considered to have a high diameter (also called the bite height, height position, and height), but the alignment of the upper and lower teeth is not as simple as that.
- many measurements are required, such as determining the midline position, determining the position of the front teeth, and determining the horizontal jaw position.
- the effective occlusion is not achieved until the foundation is firmly fixed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a device relating to an occlusal adjustment device at the time of manufacturing a denture
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method related to a method of recording the lower jaw using a recording floor when making a denture.
- an operation called occlusal acquisition is a positional relationship between teeth on an artificial levee made of wax called a wax levee (in the case of a full denture, it is U-shaped, but in the case of a partial denture, the shape of that portion is exhibited). Record.
- the wax dyke is made by placing resin on this model, molding it like a personal tray, baking the wax on it, and placing this wax ridge in the patient's mouth to determine the position of occlusion.
- FIG. 15 shows an artificial tooth S arranged in the articulator K and a wax levee T interposed therebetween. A similar situation occurs in the actual oral cavity.
- FIG. 14 is a flow chart for manufacturing a denture through occlusal acquisition.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a dental alignment jig capable of obtaining a high-precision occlusion without using a wax dyke and an occlusal acquisition method using the alignment jig.
- the dental alignment jig of the present invention includes a bite material fixing part on which a bite material for recording the biting position of teeth is arranged, and an implant connecting part for attaching to and detaching from an implant arranged in the oral cavity
- the implant connecting portion is attached to the implant, and the biting position of the teeth is recorded through the bite material arranged in the bite material fixing portion.
- the occlusal acquisition method of the present invention includes a bite material fixing part on which a bite material for recording the biting position of teeth is arranged, and an implant connecting part for detaching from an implant arranged in the oral cavity.
- the implant connection part of the dental alignment jig is attached to the implant arranged in the oral cavity, and the biting position of the tooth is recorded by the bite material arranged in the bite fixing part.
- Accurate occlusion can be obtained by tooth occlusion based on an implant firmly fixed to the alveolar bone.
- the dental alignment jig which performed this position registration (occlusion acquisition) is taken out, and this is actually It is attached to a working model that reproduces in a form close to that in the oral cavity, reproduces the occlusion of the teeth, and performs inspection and production / adjustment of the prosthesis on this working model.
- the burden on the patient is reduced as compared with a bracelet that is used in a large amount by widening the mouth.
- the dental alignment jig and the implant have a concave portion and a convex portion that fits into the concave portion, and the concave portion and the convex portion are formed in a polygonal cross section so that the mounting angle in the circumferential direction is Preferably it can be changed.
- an implant connecting portion having a convex portion to be fitted to a concave portion of an embedded implant such as a triangle or a hexagon is fitted, and the fitting position at that time is set. If recording (marking or the like) is performed, it becomes easy to take out the positioning jig from which the occlusion has been obtained and attach it to the working model for reproduction via the recording (marking or the like).
- the bite material fixing portion is arranged with its position shifted from the center axis of the implant connecting portion.
- the biting position at a position that is not on the central axis of the implant connecting portion is recorded, or the bite material fixing portion is more than on the central axis of the implant connecting portion.
- the attachment angle of the implant connecting portion can be changed with respect to the implant, and the biting position is recorded at several points by changing the angle.
- the alveolar bone margin (alveolar crest / bank)
- the biting position can be recorded even at the position where the tooth is missing. Further, when the position is adjusted to the virtual position of the bite, the bite position can be recorded at that position.
- the implant connection portion is rotated with respect to the implant and the occlusal position is recorded at several locations, even if the timing of occlusion is only one of them, the remaining timing remains. It is possible to examine the consistency with several bites.
- the dental alignment jigs are arranged at a plurality of positions in the oral cavity, and the plurality of alignment treatments are performed.
- the biting position is recorded by a tool.
- a total denture can be produced by taking occlusal records (height position, angle, etc.) of teeth at a plurality of locations such as the left and right back teeth and the front teeth,
- a bridge it is possible to obtain a high-precision occlusion by measuring these multiple points even if it is used by arranging two places on both ends, etc. become.
- the alignment jig recorded by the bite material is taken out from the oral cavity, and this jig is attached to a working model that reproduces the shape close to the actual oral cavity. It is preferable to manufacture dentures such as crowns, bridges, and full dentures on the model.
- the denture includes a prosthesis such as a crown or a metal frame.
- a dental alignment jig using a stable base is used, accurate reproduction can be performed when the occlusion of teeth is reproduced in the articulator, and a patient can be reproduced without using a wax dyke. It is possible to manufacture dentures according to the conditions in the oral cavity.
- the implant connecting part is attached to the implant arranged in the oral cavity, and the biting position of the tooth is recorded by the bite material arranged in the bite fixing part, so that the state is firmly fixed to the alveolar bone The bite can be obtained with. And after recording the biting position of the teeth with the bite material arranged in the bite fixing part, this dental alignment jig is taken out and the work is reproduced in a form close to the actual oral condition Since it is attached to the work model and inspection and production / adjustment of the prosthesis are performed on this work model, there is no need for a conventional levee used for tooth biting, which can greatly reduce costs. Out.
- the dental alignment jig of the present invention is small in size, can reduce the burden on the patient, and uses only the amount of the bite material arranged on the bite material fixing portion, so that the amount of the bite material can be reduced. it can. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to record the occlusion of teeth by using an eccentric bite fixing part even at a position where a patient's teeth are missing. And by arranging the alignment jig at a plurality of positions in the oral cavity, it is possible to manufacture with high accuracy even when manufacturing a continuous denture such as a full denture or a bridge.
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows the other dental positioning jig
- FIG. 1 It is a top view which shows the other dental positioning jig
- FIGS. 1 to 3 are perspective views in which the dental alignment jig of the present embodiment is mounted on a working model (upper jaw model).
- 4 and 5 are perspective views showing a dental alignment jig and an implant.
- the dental alignment jig 1A of the present embodiment includes a bite fixing part 2 on which a bite 2b for registration recording is arranged, and an implant coupling part 3 for being attached to and detached from an implant P in the oral cavity.
- the bite material fixing part 2 is arranged above the implant connecting part 3.
- the implant connecting portion 3 is attached to and detached from the implant P disposed in the oral cavity, and is formed with an upper large-diameter portion 3a and a lower thin-diameter portion 3b that are convex, and these boundaries are stepped.
- the portion 3c is formed and three protrusions 3t are formed.
- the portions corresponding to these shapes 3a, 3b, 3c, 3t are formed in the recesses Pa of the implant P, and the three protrusions 3t are formed every 120 degrees, and the angle of the implant connecting portion 3 can be changed in the circumferential direction. It is configured.
- the outer periphery of the small-diameter portion 3b of the implant connecting portion 3 is formed in a triangle (polygonal shape such as a cross section) in a cross-sectional view, and a polygonal concave portion Pa corresponding to this is formed in the implant P.
- Protrusion pieces are provided at predetermined intervals on the outer periphery of the concave portion Pa of the implant P so that the small-diameter portion 3b of the connection implant 3 can be inserted into a concave portion Pa of the implant P, which will be described later, and can be rotated.
- the implant connecting portion 3 may be a concave portion and the implant P may be a convex portion. Also, as shown in FIGS.
- a dental alignment jig 1A having a different length of the implant connecting portion 3 may be manufactured and used appropriately to suit the patient.
- the implant connection part 3 connected with the implant P with a screw type in relation to the implant P may be used.
- the outer peripheral shape of the implant connecting portion 3 may be circular, the concave portion Pa of the implant P may be circular, one may be circular and the other polygonal.
- the recesses Pa are formed with circumferential grooves having a triangular cross section, so that the angle can be changed even in commercially available products.
- a concave portion having a polygonal shape such as a dodecagon
- a finer rotation angle can be designed (FIG. 11).
- a maintenance hole 3d is formed at the center of the implant connecting portion 3, and the implant connecting portion 3 is fixedly connected to the implant P by a connecting member (connecting screw having a screw head) 3g (FIG. 4B). Can do.
- the bite material fixing portion 2 is provided with a bite material (silicon, resin, etc.) 2b and has a head provided with a circular recess 2a.
- a locking hole 2c is formed at a predetermined location of the recess 2a (FIG. 6B). In order to prevent the cutting tool 2b from moving, the locking hole 2c flows into the locking hole 2c when fluid-like silicon, resin, or the like is poured into the recess 2a. When the positional relationship between the upper and lower teeth is recorded by biting, the bite material is prevented from moving.
- the bite material 2b may be formed in a plurality of layers in the height direction, but in order to adjust the height direction, it may be adjusted by interposing a sheet-like member that can be laid on the bottom of the recess 2a.
- fixed part 2 is a magnitude
- the bite material fixing part 2 is arranged with its position shifted from the central axis C of the implant connecting part 3. That is, a maintenance hole 3d indicating the position is formed at the upper tip of the central axis C of the implant connecting portion 3, and the bite material fixing portion 2 is provided at a position eccentric from the position to one side outer periphery. For example, even when the number of teeth is not complete and missing, occlusion recording at the position of the missing tooth is possible.
- the eccentric bite material fixing portion 2 is positioned at the position where the adjacent tooth is missing, thereby missing teeth (here, It is possible to record occlusion at the position of the innermost tooth), or use the dental positioning jig 1A of the bite material fixing portion 2 in the eccentric position to provide an implant (an embedded implant in an embedded state) )
- the bite material fixing part 2 can be positioned in an eccentric position at a position farther away than the position of P (position away from the position of the implant P), and a position where there is no attachment or teeth on the back side. It is also possible to record occlusion in (assuming there are corresponding teeth on the jaw).
- FIGS. 1 to 3 show the case where the dental alignment jig 1A of the present embodiment is mounted on the upper jaw model M. In the case where the dental alignment jig 1A is mounted in the oral cavity of an actual patient. Will be in the same state.
- FIG. 14 is a manufacturing flow of the denture of the present embodiment shown in comparison with the conventional example.
- the implant P is embedded at a predetermined interval over the entire upper jaw.
- the dental alignment jig 1 ⁇ / b> A is mounted on the implant P embedded in the oral cavity. That is, the implant connecting portion 3 of the dental alignment jig 1A is mounted in the recessed portion Pa of the implanted implant P while adjusting the angle.
- the dental alignment jig 1A is taken out and this is placed in the actual oral cavity. It can be attached to the working model M reproduced in a form close to the state via the marking, and the positioning jig 1A can be attached on the working model M by reproducing its mounting angle.
- the marking can be mounted without considering the direction and angle.
- the patient is examined, an impression is taken (precise impression using a personal tray), and occlusal is obtained.
- the above-mentioned dental alignment treatment is performed.
- the occlusal acquisition can be performed simultaneously with the acquisition of the impression or before the acquisition of the impression.
- the dental alignment jig 1A in order to create a total denture, is attached to the embedded implant P at the three positions of the left and right back teeth and the front teeth.
- the biting material fixing portion 2 In order to determine the height and horizontal position of the bite, that is, in order to confirm the thickness of the bite material 2b and the feeling of wearing, it is attached in advance to the implant implant P in the oral cavity (temporary attachment).
- the biting material fixing portion 2 may be bitten and recorded by a dental positioning jig 1A in which the biting material 2b is filled thickly.
- the height of the dental alignment jig 1A is also a problem.
- the bite 2b has a sufficient thickness so that the height of the bite fixing part 2 comes to a position lower than the height position. Is filled in the recess 2a of the bite fixing part 2.
- fixed part 2 is used in the position lower than the height position of the adjacent tooth
- the height of the dental alignment jig 1A can be adjusted by preparing several pieces having different heights as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
- FIG. 3 shows the dental alignment jig 1A mounted on the maxillary model M, but the same condition can be obtained when the dental alignment jig 1A is mounted in the oral cavity of an actual patient. Therefore, the figure which attaches the dental positioning jig 1A in the oral cavity of an actual patient is omitted.
- the said implant connection part 3 is mounted
- the bite material fixing part 2 is filled with the bite material 2b via a height adjusting sheet material, thereby facilitating height adjustment or the amount of use of the bite material 2b. May be reduced or misalignment may be prevented.
- the occlusion record may be recorded by changing the attachment angle with respect to the implant P, or the occlusal record may be taken by replacing the dental alignment jig 1A having a different length. .
- biting material fixing portion 2 at the eccentric position may be directed to the missing position (for example, the position of the missing back tooth), and occlusion recording may be performed. Since the back teeth are often the standard for biting, collecting such records is also effective in producing stable dentures. In addition, in the present invention, since the occlusion is obtained with reference to the implant P attached to the alveolar bone, a highly accurate occlusion record can be obtained.
- the positioning jig 1A that has performed this positioning recording (obtaining occlusion) is taken out, and this is actually used. It is attached to the working model M that is reproduced in a form close to that in the oral cavity (attached to the articulator K in FIG. 1 and FIG. 1), and inspection and production / adjustment of the prosthesis are performed on the working model M.
- the dental alignment jig 1A is reproduced on the work model M without using a conventional wax bank. Therefore, there is no need for patient examination (see FIG. 14), and the burden on the patient's mouth is reduced.
- a metal frame is created with the reproduced contents.
- production of the superstructure refers to artificial gingiva, artificial teeth, and the like disposed on the upper portion of the implant.
- the dentures by the metal frame are brought into a state close to completion while making adjustments to the subsequent trial fit (examination of denture adsorption, biting, teeth arrangement, etc.).
- the dental technician may arrange the artificial teeth for the arrangement of the artificial teeth and the intraoral trial fit using the wax dyke, and the dentures may be in a state close to completion. Then, it is bitten in the patient's mouth and the lips and cheeks are bulged, completing the dentures.
- the present inventor considers that it is important to collect a number of records of tooth occlusion. For that purpose, for example, it is effective to record at a position where there is no back tooth, or to have the patient deliberately shift the bite and bite, and record these continuously.
- the angle is changed by the dental positioning jig 1A having the bite material fixing portion 2 at an eccentric position as in this embodiment, or the upper and lower teeth are deviated from the patient. It is preferable to have occlusion at such a position and record occlusion at several locations.
- all the places where the implants P are arranged (six places in the examples of FIGS.
- the dental alignment jig As the dental alignment jig, as shown in FIG. 6A, a top-shaped dental alignment jig 1 ⁇ / b> B in which the bite material fixing portion 2 is arranged on the central axis C of the implant coupling portion 3.
- the bite material fixing portion 2 is a dental alignment jig 1 ⁇ / b> C that is symmetric about the central axis C of the implant connecting portion 3.
- the above-mentioned top-shaped dental alignment jig 1B is mainly used when producing a single denture when one tooth is missing, but by forming the bite material fixing portion 2 larger, It can also be used to bite multiple consecutive teeth.
- a bite material fixing part 2 having the same or slightly smaller size of the recess 2a of the bite material fixing part 2, but it is possible to bite a plurality of consecutive teeth.
- a concave portion 2a of a large bite material fixing portion 2 is provided for recording together.
- fixed part 2 is located so that it may become a position lower than the height position of an adjacent tooth
- FIGS. 8A and 8B show dental positioning jigs 1D and 1E in which the cutting tool fixing part 2 is rectangular.
- a continuous occlusion record can be obtained for a rectangle or an arch-shaped tooth with a longer length in the arrangement direction rather than a circle.
- the left-right symmetric, rectangular, and arch-shaped alignment jig 1D is suitable for creating a continuous denture like a bridge.
- a step 2c is provided in the bite material fixing portion 2 so that the movement of the bite material 2b arranged on the lower side can be prevented (the locking mechanism). It is a substitute for the use hole 2c.),
- the place where the said sheet-like member is interposed may be specified, or this sheet-like member may be hard to fall.
- FIG. 9A and FIG. 10A are the aforementioned dental positioning jigs 1A and 1C.
- FIG. 9B and FIG. The bite 2b is arranged up to the position of the 3 maintenance holes 3d.
- the dental alignment jigs 1F and 1G increase the area of the concave portion 2a of the cutting tool fixing portion 2 on which the cutting tool 2b is arranged. Even if the maintenance hole 3d does not penetrate, it can be connected and fixed depending on the type of the fixing screw 3g. Further, as shown in FIGS.
- a dental positioning jig 1H in which the distal end side of the recess 2b is cut out so that the cutting tool 2b can be filled up to the tip 2e of the cutting tool fixing part 2. It is also good.
- the dental positioning jig 1H uses a U-shaped cutting tool B to bite over a plurality (three) of dental positioning jigs 1H. It is used, and is formed so that the bite material B having such a shape can easily enter the recess 2a of the bite material fixing portion 2 of the dental positioning jig 1H. In the case of obtaining occlusion at a plurality of locations as shown in FIG.
- the outer peripheral shape of the implant connecting portion 3 and the concave portion Pa of the implant P may be circular without any rotation restriction.
- two or more dental positioning jigs 1H are used by using a connecting bar (metal bar) Ba for connecting two or more dental positioning jigs 1A to 1H. Can be removed from the implant P at the same time and attached to the working model at the same time. Even in such a case, the outer peripheral shape of the implant connecting portion 3 and the concave portion Pa of the implant P should be circular without any restriction on rotation. May be used.
- the example of the total denture, the case where there is one denture, and the case where several dentures are continuous have been described, but it can be used when any denture is manufactured.
- the total denture of this Embodiment demonstrated in the example which uses the metal called a metal frame as a foundation it is also possible to manufacture a wax ridge part (gingival part) with the dentures of a metal frame, and all are dentures. Can be manufactured.
- the case where the dental positioning jig 1A is mounted at a plurality of positions and the teeth are bitten is described as an example.
- the plurality of positions are exchanged and performed several times.
- more detailed occlusion recording may be performed.
- the number of times increases, even if there is only one data obtained from each small dental alignment jig, as a working model that reproduces the oral cavity, an extremely accurate oral cavity is used. It can be reproduced, and denture production and biting records can be examined.
- 1A 1H Dental alignment jig, 2 Bite material fixing part, 2a recess, 2b bite material, 2c locking hole, 3 Implant connecting part, 3c Stepped portion, 3d maintenance hole, 3g fixing screw, 3t protrusion, B Bite material (U-shaped bite material), C center axis, K articulator, P implant, Pa recess of implant, S Rowe Tsutsumi, M Work model (maxillary model),
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Abstract
Description
入れ歯(義歯)を作る上で、最も重要なのは「咬み合わせ」である。咬み合わせは、一般には、高径(咬合高径や、高さ位置、高低とも呼ばれる。)が考慮されることが多いが、上下の歯の位置合わせは、そのような単純なものではなく、上下のほかに、正中位置を決定したり、前歯の位置を決定したり、水平的顎位置を決定したり等多くの測定が必要になる。しかも、その測定には、土台がしっかり固定されている状態で測定されて初めて有効な咬み合わせになる。
しかしながら、このロウ堤Tによる咬合採得で上下の歯の咬み合わせでは、精度の高い咬合採得ができないという問題を有している。その理由としては、咬み合わせのタイミング等の従来から言われている要因のほかに、本願発明者の知見によれば、口腔内の土台(歯肉部)が変形することがあり、特に、高齢者のように歯肉部の衰えなどがあると、口腔内にロウ堤を入れて正確な咬み合わせ位置を記録することは難しい。
また、例えば、歯の本数がすべて揃っておらず、1本でも欠損しているような場合は、その位置での咬み合わせはできないが、奥歯のように咬み合わせの基準となるような箇所では、その位置での咬み合わせが可能になれば、正確な咬み合わせを実現できると、本願発明者は考える。
また、本発明の咬合採得法は、歯の咬み合わせ位置を記録するためのバイト材が配されるバイト材固定部と、口腔内の配されたインプラントに対して着脱させるためのインプラント連結部とを備えた歯科用位置合わせ治具を使用して、口腔内のインプラントに対してインプラント連結部を装着させて、バイト材固定部に配されるバイト材を介して歯の咬み合わせ位置を記録することを特徴とする。
本発明によれば、例えば、三角形や六角形等のような埋設されたインプラントの凹部に対して、これと嵌合する凸部を有するインプラント連結部を嵌合させ、そのときの嵌合位置を記録(マーキング等)しておけば、この咬合採得を行った位置合わせ治具を取り出して、上記記録(マーキング等)を介して再現用の作業用模型に取り付け易くなる。
本発明によれば、例えば、歯が欠損している位置についても、インプラントと歯の対合(対向)している位置が離れている場合についても、又、歯槽骨縁(歯槽頂・土手)とインプラントの位置がずれて異なっている場合についても、前記バイト材固定部の位置を位置合わせすると、歯が欠損している位置でも咬み合わせ位置を記録することができる。また、咬み合わせの仮想の位置に位置合わせすると、その位置でも咬み合わせ位置を記録することができる。
本発明によれば、例えば、左右の奥歯と前歯の3箇所のような複数個所での歯の咬み合わせ記録(高さ位置や角度等)をとることにより、総入れ歯を製作したり、又、ブリッジの場合は、その両端側2箇所配置するなどして使用することにより、又、歯が欠損して遊離端になった箇所についても、これら複数個所の測定により精度の高い咬合採得が可能になる。
本発明によれば、安定した土台を利用した歯科用位置合わせ治具を使用するので、咬合器に歯の咬み合わせを再現するときに正確な再現ができ、ロウ堤を使用せずに、患者の口腔内の状況に応じた義歯を製作することができる。
さらに、本発明によれば、患者の歯の欠損した位置においても、偏心したバイト材固定部を使用して歯の咬み合わせを記録することも可能になる。そして、位置合わせ治具を口腔内の複数個所で配置することで、総入れ歯やブリッジのような連続した義歯を製作する場合にも高精度に製造することが可能になる。
図1から図3は、本実施の形態の歯科用位置合わせ治具を作業用模型(上顎模型)に装着させた斜視図である。図4と図5は、歯科用位置合わせ治具とインプラントを示す斜視図である。本実施の形態の歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aは、位置合わせ記録のためのバイト材2bが配されるバイト材固定部2と、口腔内のインプラントPに対して着脱させるためのインプラント連結部3とを備え、インプラント連結部3の上方にバイト材固定部2が配されている。
上記連結インプラント3の細径部3bとしては、後述するインプラントPの凹部Paに差し込まれて回転可能でその角度が調整できるように、インプラントPの凹部Paの外周に突起片を所定間隔で設けることも可能である。なお、インプラント連結部3の方を凹部とし、インプラントPの方を凸部にしても良い。また、図4(a)(b)に示すように、インプラント連結部3の長さの違う歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを製作して、患者に適合するよう使い分けても良い。また、インプラントPの関係でネジ式でインプラントPに連結するインプラント連結部3でも良い。インプラント連結部3の外周形状は円形でもよく、インプラントPの凹部Paのほうも円形でも良く、一方が円形で他方が多角形でも良い。
ここで、市販のインプラントPでも凹部Paが断面三角形のような周溝で形成されたものがあるので、市販品でも角度変更可能である。しかし、更に回転角度の細かな設計が可能なように更に多角形(12角形等)の凹部に形成することが好ましい(図11)。
また、インプラント連結部3の中心には、維持穴3dが形成され、連結部材(ネジ頭を有する連結用ネジ)3gにより(図4(b))、インプラント連結部3がインプラントPとの連結固定ができる。
次に、上記位置合わせ治具を使用して咬合採得法と義歯の製造方法を説明する。
ここでは、偏心位置に配されるバイト材固定部2を有する歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを使用して、上顎の総入れ歯をメタルフレームの義歯で作成する場合で説明する。図1から図3は、本実施の形態の歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを上顎模型Mに装着させたものであるが、実際の患者の口腔内に歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを装着させる場合も、これと同じ状態になる。図14は、従来例と比較して示す本実施の形態の義歯の製造フローである。
まず、患者診察を行い、インプラント治療に必要な審査を行い、インプラントの治療が可能かどうかを判断して、可能な場合は、歯の根に相当するインプラントPの部分(=フィクスチャー)を手術により顎骨(歯槽骨)に埋入する手術を行う(フィクスチャー埋入の手術)。ここでは、上顎の全域に所定間隔を置いてインプラントPを埋設するものとする。
一方、従来と同じように、患者診察を行い、印象採得(個人トレーを用いた精密印象)を行ない、咬合採得を行なうが、本実施の形態の咬合採得では上記歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを使用することにより、印象採得と同時にでも、或いは、印象採得の前でも咬合採得を行なうことができる。
ここでは、バイト材の厚みを考慮する等を検討するために、上記仮装着をすることとすると、歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aの高さ(特にバイト材固定部2の高さ)も問題となるが、解剖学的な見地や一本でも残っている歯があるときには、その高さ位置よりも低い位置にバイト材固定部2の高さが来るようにして余裕のある厚みでバイト材2bをバイト材固定部2の凹部2aに充填する。また、ブリッジや遊離端となった箇所では、近接する歯(残っている歯)の高さ位置よりも低い位置にバイト材固定部2の高さとなる歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを使用する。歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aは、図4(a)(b)のように高さの異なるものをいくつか用意しておくと、高さの調節が可能である。
ここで、前記バイト材固定部2に高さ調整用のシート材を介してバイト材2bを前記バイト材固定部2に充填することで、高さ調整を容易にしたり、バイト材2bの使用量を少なくしたり、位置ずれを防止したりしても良い。咬み合わせの記録を多く記録するために、インプラントPに対する取り付け角度を変更して咬み合わせの記録をしたり、前記長さの異なる歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを交換して咬み合わせ記録をとっても良い。また、前記偏心した位置のバイト材固定部2を、前記欠損した位置(例えば欠損した奥歯の位置)に向けた状態にして、咬み合わせ記録をとっても良い。奥歯は咬み合わせの基準になることが多いので、このような記録を採取することも安定した入れ歯を製作する上では有効である。しかも、本発明では歯槽骨に装着したインプラントPを基準に咬合採得するので、精度の高い咬み合わせ記録がとれる。
本実施の形態では、上記再現した内容でメタルフレームを作成する。なお、図14において、「上部構造の製作」とは、インプラントの上部に配される人工歯肉や人工歯などを言う。
ここでは、その後の試適(入れ歯の吸着具合、咬み合わせ、歯並び等を検討する。)との調整を図りながら、メタルフレームによる入れ歯を完成に近い状態にする。なお、上記再現した後は、ロウ堤を使用して、人工歯の配列と口腔内試適を歯科技工士が人工歯を並べ、入れ歯を完成に近い状態にしても良い。そして、患者の口の中で咬み合わせ、唇や頬のふくらみ等を確認し、入れ歯が完成する。
このような点を考慮するとき、本願発明者は、歯の咬み合わせの記録をいくつも採取することが重要であると考える。そのためには、例えば、奥歯のない位置での記録をとったり、また、敢えて患者に咬み合わせをずらしてもらって咬み合わせをしてもらったり、そしてこれらを連続して記録することが有効である。このような要請に応えるため、本実施の形態のような偏心した位置にある前記バイト材固定部2を有する歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aにより角度を変更したり、敢えて患者に上下の歯のずれるような位置での咬み合わせをしてもらって、数箇所の咬み合わせ記録をとることが好ましい。
また、総入れ歯であるか否かを問わず、インプラントPを配する箇所(図1と図2の例では6箇所)では、すべて歯科用位置合わせ治具1Aを装着して咬合採得するようにすると、総入れ歯の製作に役立つことは勿論、例えば1本義歯の製作でも、全体的な咬み合わせのなかにおける1本の咬み合わせ記録となり、精度が高くなる。
歯科用位置合わせ治具しては、図6(a)に示すように、前記バイト材固定部2がインプラント連結部3の中心軸C上に配されるコマ型の歯科用位置合わせ治具1Bや、図6(b)に示すように、前記バイト材固定部2がインプラント連結部3の中心軸Cを中心にして左右対称にした歯科用位置合わせ治具1Cである。上記コマ型の歯科用位置合わせ治具1Bは、主に一つの歯が欠損したような場合の1本義歯を製作する場合に使用されるが、バイト材固定部2を大きめ形成することで、連続する複数の歯の咬み合わせにも使用可能である。すなわち、1本義歯を製作する場合は、バイト材固定部2の凹部2aの大きさはそれと同じかやや小さなバイト材固定部2を使用することが通常であるが、連続する複数の歯の咬み合わせ記録をとるために大きめのバイト材固定部2の凹部2aとなっている。1本義歯を製作する場合は、隣接する歯の高さ位置よりも、低い位置になるようにバイト材固定部2が位置して、その凹部2aに余裕の厚みでバイト材2bを充填する。
また、図8(a)(b)に示すように、前記バイト材固定部2に段差2cを設けて、下方側に配されるバイト材2bの動きを阻止し得るようにしたり(前記係止用穴2cの代用になる。)、前記シート状部材を介在させる場所を特定したり、このシート状部材が落ち難くしても良い。
また、図12(a)(b)に示すように、前記バイト材固定部2の先端部2eまでバイト材2bが充填できるように凹部2bの先端側が切り欠かれている歯科用位置決め治具1Hとしても良い。この歯科用位置決め治具1Hは、図13(a)に示すように、U字形状のバイトBを使用して、複数(3つ)の歯科用位置決め治具1Hに亘って咬み合わせを行なう時に使用するものであり、このような形状のバイト材Bを歯科用位置決め治具1Hのバイト材固定部2の凹部2aに入り易くするために形成されている。図13(a)に示すような複数個所での咬合採得の場合は、インプラント連結部3の外周形状やインプラントPの凹部Paは円形の回転規制のないものを使用しても良い。また、図13(b)に示すように、2つ以上の歯科用位置合わせ治具1A~1Hを連結する連結バー(金属棒)Baを使用して、2つ以上の歯科用位置決め治具1HをインプラントPから同時に取り外すとともに、作業用模型に同時に装着することも可能であり、このような場合にも、インプラント連結部3の外周形状やインプラントPの凹部Paは円形の回転規制のないものを使用しても良い。
2 バイト材固定部、
2a 凹部、2b バイト材、2c 係止用穴、
3 インプラント連結部、
3c 段差部、3d 維持穴、3g 固定用ネジ、3t 突起、
B バイト材(U字状のバイト材)、
C 中心軸、
K 咬合器、
P インプラント、Pa インプラントの凹部、
S ロウ堤、
M 作業用模型(上顎模型)、
Claims (8)
- 歯の咬み合わせ位置を記録するためのバイト材が配されるバイト材固定部と、口腔内に配されたインプラントに対して着脱させるためのインプラント連結部とを備え、このインプラント連結部をインプラントに装着させて、バイト材固定部に配されるバイト材を介して歯の咬み合わせ位置を記録することを特徴とする歯科用位置合わせ治具。
- 前記歯科用位置合わせ治具と前記インプラントは、凹部と該凹部に嵌合する凸部を有し、この凹部と凸部が断面多角形状に形成されて周方向の装着角度が変更できることを特徴とする請求項1記載の歯科用位置合わせ治具。
- 前記バイト材固定部がインプラント連結部の中心軸よりもその位置をずらして配されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の歯科用位置合わせ治具。
- 歯の咬み合わせ位置を記録するためのバイト材が配されるバイト材固定部と、口腔内に配されたインプラントに対して着脱させるためのインプラント連結部とを備えた歯科用位置合わせ治具を使用して、口腔内の歯槽骨に埋設するインプラントに対して前記インプラント連結部を装着させて、バイト材固定部に配されるバイト材を介して歯の咬み合わせ位置を記録することを特徴とする咬合採得法。
- 前記歯科用位置合わせ治具がインプラントに対して前記バイト材固定部の取り付け角度が変更可能であることを特徴とする請求項4記載の咬合採得法。
- 前記バイト材固定部がインプラント連結部の中心軸よりもその位置をずらして配され、前記インプラント連結部の中心軸上ではない位置の咬み合わせ位置を記録することを特徴とする請求項4記載の咬合採得法。
- 前記バイト材固定部がインプラント連結部の中心軸上よりもその位置をずらして配され、前記インプラント連結部がインプラントに対してその取り付け角度が変更可能であり、この角度を変更していくつかの箇所で咬み合わせ位置を記録することを特徴とする請求項4記載の咬合採得法。
- 総入れ歯やブリッジのような歯の連続する義歯を製作するために、前記歯科用位置合わせ治具を口腔内の複数個所に配置して、これら複数の位置合わせ治具により咬み合わせ位置を記録することを特徴とする請求項4ないし7のいずれか1項記載の咬合採得法。
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KR20190080585A (ko) | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-08 | (주)하이템 | 치아 교합 기록 채득 방법 및 치아 교합 기록 채득 후 교합기로 옮기기 위한 바이트 포크 연결장치 |
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US9480542B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 |
JP2012157376A (ja) | 2012-08-23 |
JP4863235B1 (ja) | 2012-01-25 |
DE112011104785T5 (de) | 2013-12-12 |
KR101616398B1 (ko) | 2016-04-28 |
US20130309631A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
KR20130128000A (ko) | 2013-11-25 |
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