WO2012090468A1 - 成形型、成形治具、および成形方法 - Google Patents
成形型、成形治具、および成形方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012090468A1 WO2012090468A1 PCT/JP2011/007255 JP2011007255W WO2012090468A1 WO 2012090468 A1 WO2012090468 A1 WO 2012090468A1 JP 2011007255 W JP2011007255 W JP 2011007255W WO 2012090468 A1 WO2012090468 A1 WO 2012090468A1
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- mold
- laminate
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- molding die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C41/38—Moulds, cores or other substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/0011—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor thin-walled moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/3642—Bags, bleeder sheets or cauls for isostatic pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/543—Fixing the position or configuration of fibrous reinforcements before or during moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B29D99/001—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
- B64C1/12—Construction or attachment of skin panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/3642—Bags, bleeder sheets or cauls for isostatic pressing
- B29C2043/3652—Elastic moulds or mould parts, e.g. cores or inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/3642—Bags, bleeder sheets or cauls for isostatic pressing
- B29C2043/3655—Pressure transmitters, e.g. caul plates; pressure pads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0003—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B29K2995/0008—Magnetic or paramagnetic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
- B29L2031/3082—Fuselages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
- Y10T156/1028—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina by bending, drawing or stretch forming sheet to assume shape of configured lamina while in contact therewith
- Y10T156/103—Encasing or enveloping the configured lamina
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mold for molding the surface of a composite material molded article, a molding jig including the mold, and a molding method using the mold.
- a skin panel The outside of the fuselage of the aircraft is formed by a thin member called a skin panel (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a technique has been developed in which a skin panel is integrally formed in a far wider range than before by using a fiber reinforced resin composite material (hereinafter simply referred to as “composite material”).
- composite material a fiber reinforced resin composite material
- the skin panel has a cylindrical shape near the center of the fuselage of a large aircraft, and the cylindrical skin panel is integrally formed without a seam.
- a sheet-like prepreg impregnated with a semi-cured thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin
- a woven fabric such as carbon fiber
- the prepreg is laminated.
- This is referred to as a “laminate”.
- this laminate is formed into a cylindrical shape, and this laminate is cured by applying pressure and heat.
- a mold having a smooth surface on the surface of the laminate generally called “curl plate” or “cowl plate”
- curl plate a smooth surface on the surface of the laminate
- an inverted shape obtained by inverting the outer peripheral shape of the skin panel that is, a mold having a circular cross section on the inner surface is used.
- the cross section is an arc shape (partial circle shape)
- a plurality of molds having the inner surface are combined and attached to the entire circumference of the laminate (skin panel).
- the above molds are not always easy to handle for the following reasons. That is, the weight of the mold is large, and the mold must be kept horizontal when the mold is attached to the laminate. For this reason, a large-sized device and a holding tool for maintaining the level are required, and the positioning operation is not easy because it easily interferes with the adjacent mold. In addition, since the molds cannot be stored in a stacked manner, a simple storage area as large as the development area of the skin panel is necessary.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a mold that is easy to handle.
- the molding die according to the present invention is a molding die for molding the surface of a laminated body in which prepregs are laminated, It has a flat plate shape, and is elastically deformed from the flat plate shape to a shape corresponding to the shape of the laminate, and can be in close contact with the laminate. According to such a configuration, the mold can be moved in a state of being hung from one end side, so that the mold can be easily attached. Moreover, since the mold can be stored in a standing state, the storage location can be kept small. Furthermore, since the mold is deformed within the range of elastic deformation, it can be used repeatedly.
- the above-mentioned mold is made of fiber reinforced plastic. According to such a configuration, for example, the range of elastic deformation is wide since the material of the mold is metal, so that the degree of freedom in design is high, and durability is also improved because local deformation is difficult.
- the mold has a thickness of 1.5 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm. According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a minimum rigidity for molding the surface of the laminate, while having flexibility that allows the laminate to be in close contact with the surface.
- a forming jig according to the present invention includes the above-described forming die and holding means for bringing the forming die into close contact with the laminate.
- the holding means includes a tightenable holding belt stretched on the outer surface side of the forming die, and a plurality of spacers inserted between the holding belt and the forming die. You may comprise. According to such a configuration, by tightening the holding belt, the plurality of spacers can apply a force in a direction perpendicular to the mold, so that the mold can be closely attached to the laminate.
- the plurality of spacers include spacers having different heights
- the laminated body has a cylindrical shape
- the holding belt is in the axial direction of the laminated body.
- Each of the spacers included in the plurality of spacers may be arranged in an increasing order as approaching the center of the holding belt. According to such a configuration, it is possible to sufficiently apply a force even in the vicinity of the center of the holding belt where a force in a direction perpendicular to the mold is difficult to be applied, and to suppress a difference in force in the axial direction.
- the prepreg is laminated on a magnetic core, and the holding means generates a magnetic force, and the core sandwiches the forming die and the laminated body.
- a plurality of holding magnets that can be attracted to the mold may be provided. According to this configuration, since the plurality of holding magnets can apply a force in a direction perpendicular to the mold, the mold can be adhered to the laminate.
- the holding magnet may be configured so that a large magnetic force is generated only from one surface. According to such a configuration, since the magnetic force generated from the holding magnet works only in the direction toward the mold, it does not affect other holding magnets and the like, and a sufficient force can be applied from the holding magnet to the mold. .
- the molding method according to the present invention includes a laminating step in which a prepreg is laminated to form a laminate, and a flexible mold having a flat plate shape is deformed so as to correspond to the shape of the laminate.
- a holding belt is stretched on the outer surface side of the mold, a plurality of spacers are disposed between the holding belt and the mold, and the holding belt is tightened.
- the mold may be brought into close contact with the laminate.
- the plurality of spacers can apply a force in a direction perpendicular to the mold, so that the mold can be brought into close contact with the laminate.
- the laminated body has a cylindrical shape.
- the holding belt is stretched in the axial direction of the laminated body, and the plurality of spacers approach the center of the holding belt. You may make it arrange
- the prepreg is laminated on a core of a magnetic body, and in the covering step, a plurality of holding magnets that generate magnetic force are combined with the molding die and the laminate. You may make it make the said shaping
- the laminate has a cylindrical shape
- the plurality of holding magnets are evenly arranged in the axial direction and evenly in the circumferential direction on the mold. You may make it do.
- the force in the direction perpendicular to the mold can be applied equally in the axial direction and the circumferential direction by the plurality of holding magnets.
- the molding body in the covering step, when the molding die is brought into close contact with the entire circumference of the laminated body, the molding body is always rotated from the side of the laminated body by rotating the laminated body. You may make it perform the operation
- the mold can be moved in a state of being hung from one end side, so that the mounting work of the mold is easy. Moreover, since the mold can be stored in a standing state, the storage location can be kept small. That is, according to the present invention, a mold that is easy to handle can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a use state of the forming jig 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the forming jig 100 according to the present embodiment includes a forming die 10, an axial holding belt 20, an axial spacer 30, a circumferential holding belt 40, and a circumferential spacer 50. ing.
- each of these components will be described in order.
- the molding die 10 is a component for molding the surface of the laminate 60 in close contact with the laminate 60 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
- the number of molds 10 to be used is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, seven molds 10 are used.
- the molding die 10 has a flat plate shape whose main surface is rectangular (see FIG. 2), has a lateral width of about 7 m, and is larger than the dimension in the axial direction of the laminate 60 having a surplus portion to be discarded after curing. It is formed slightly smaller.
- the dimension obtained by adding the vertical dimension of the seven molds 10 is slightly smaller than the outer peripheral dimension of the laminate 60 in order not to ride when the mold is set.
- the vertical dimensions of the respective molds 10 are formed so as to be slightly different from each other, but all are about 3 m.
- the mold 10 has flexibility, and can be elastically deformed from a flat plate shape to a shape corresponding to the shape of the laminated body 60 (a part of a cylindrical shape) and can be in close contact with the laminated body 60.
- Each mold 10 has a smooth main surface, and all are made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (hereinafter referred to as “CFRP”).
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- the mold 10 First, ten carbon fiber cloth material reinforced epoxy resin prepregs and carbon fiber unidirectional material reinforced epoxy resin prepregs are alternately laminated on a surface plate. Subsequently, the laminated prepreg is wrapped in a vacuum bag and evacuated, and in that state, heat and pressure are applied to cure. Thereafter, the cured prepreg is taken out of the vacuum bag and cut into predetermined dimensions. Thus, the mold 10 is completed. Note that the number of laminated prepregs shown here is merely an example, and may be appropriately changed depending on the dimensions and materials of the skin panel to be molded.
- the mold 10 is formed by restricting deformation of the laminated body 60 during curing of the laminated body 60 (skin panel), if the rigidity is high, the molding can be performed with higher accuracy. it can. If the flexibility is high, the function is good, but it is not always possible to perform molding with high accuracy.
- the thickness of the molding die 10 is preferably 1 mm or more.
- the skin panel has a diameter of about 6 m as in the present embodiment, in order to have high rigidity while having flexibility capable of being in close contact with the surface of the skin panel (laminated body 60).
- the optimal thickness of the mold 10 is 1.5 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm.
- the axial holding belt 20 extends in the axial direction of the laminated body 60 and is a component for bringing the mold 10 into close contact with the laminated body 60, and constitutes the axial holding means 31 together with the axial spacer 30.
- a plurality of axial holding means 31 are attached in the circumferential direction.
- the axial holding belt 20 includes a belt portion 21 formed in a belt shape, a winding portion 22 for winding the belt portion 21, and attachment portions 23 provided at both ends of the belt portion 21. If both attachment portions 23 are attached to two predetermined locations (actually, axial end portions of a mandrel 61 to be described later), and the belt portion 21 is wound up by the winding portion 22 in this state, the axial holding belt 20 is Can be stretched between places.
- the axial spacer 30 is a component inserted between the axial holding belt 20 and the mold 10.
- a plurality of axial spacers 30 are inserted between the axial holding belt 20 and the mold 10.
- the axial spacer 30 inserted between the mold 10 and the axial holding belt 20 is perpendicular to the mold 10 (inward in the radial direction).
- the mold 10 is in close contact with the laminate 60.
- the axial spacers 30 are different in height from each other, and are arranged such that the axial spacers 30 increase in height as they approach the center of the axial holding belt 20.
- the circumferential holding belt 40 is a component for extending in the circumferential direction of the laminated body 60 to bring the mold 10 into close contact with the laminated body 60, and constitutes a circumferential holding means 51 together with the circumferential spacer 50.
- a plurality of circumferential holding means 51 are attached in the axial direction.
- the circumferential holding belt 40 includes a belt portion 41 formed in a belt shape and a winding portion 42 that winds up the belt portion 41.
- the circumferential holding belt 40 has a winding portion 42 attached to one end side of the belt portion 41, and the other end side of the belt portion 41 that is wound around the circumferential direction of the laminated body 60 is wound up by the winding portion 42. As a result, the entire circumferential holding belt 40 can be tightened.
- the circumferential spacer 50 is a component inserted between the circumferential holding belt 40 and the mold 10.
- a plurality of circumferential spacers 50 are inserted between the circumferential holding belt 40 and the mold 10.
- the circumferential spacer 50 inserted between the molding die 10 and the circumferential holding belt 40 is perpendicular to the molding die 10 (radially inward).
- the mold 10 is in close contact with the laminate 60.
- the circumferential spacers 50 are all formed at the same height.
- the mold 10 of the embodiment has a flat plate shape. Therefore, the mold 10 of this embodiment can be stored in an upright state (see FIGS. 2 and 3). For example, if the plurality of molding dies 10 are stored in a space partitioned in the vertical direction by a partition, the storage space for the molding dies can be kept small. In addition, for the reason that the cross section of the laminate 60 is not a strict circle, the area and shape of the portion (covering portion) corresponding to each mold 10 in the laminate 60 are often different. Even in such a case, each of the molds 10 has a flat plate shape, and only the length in the vertical direction is different.
- the mold 10 according to the present embodiment it is not necessary to prepare a dedicated mold for manufacturing each mold 10, and the entire manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
- the molding method according to the present embodiment includes a lamination process, a covering process, a bagging process, a curing process, and a demolding process.
- a lamination process a lamination process
- a covering process a covering process
- FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagrams showing a bagging process.
- 2 and 3 are views (front views) seen from the axial direction of a mandrel 61 described later.
- 4 to 7 are views (side views) seen from the side surface side of the mandrel 61, and are schematic views in which the winding portions 22, 42 and the like are not shown.
- the lamination process is a process of forming a laminated body by laminating prepregs.
- a cylindrical mold (hereinafter referred to as “mandrel”) 61 that is a core mold is used.
- a groove (not shown) extending in the axial direction is formed on the surface of the mandrel 61, and a metal stringer (not shown) is inserted into the groove.
- the stringer is a rod-like reinforcing member that receives a bending load in the axial direction of the aircraft fuselage, and forms a so-called one-piece barrel (OPB) together with the skin panel.
- OPB one-piece barrel
- the prepreg 62 is laminated on the surface of the mandrel 61 in a state where the stringer is buried in the groove of the mandrel 61 (as described above, a laminate of the prepregs is referred to as a “laminate”).
- the mandrel 61 is configured to be rotatable.
- the mandrel 61 is laminated by winding a prepreg 62 around the rotating mandrel 61 to form a cylindrical shape as a whole.
- the thickness of the part is adjusted by increasing the number of layers according to the part. That is, the prepregs 62 are not uniformly laminated at all the locations, and undulations exist on the surface of the laminate 60 when partially viewed.
- the covering process is a process of attaching the mold 10 to the laminate 60.
- the mold 10 stored in an upright state is extracted from the storage box 63, and the mold 10 is positioned on the side of the laminate 60.
- the above operation is performed using two hoisting devices (hoists) 64 (only one device is shown in FIG. 2) and a lifting jig 65 attached to the tip thereof.
- the lifting jig 65 is composed of a rod-shaped main body 66 and a plurality of holding clamps 67 that can grip the molding die 10 provided on the main body 66.
- the axial direction holding belt 20 is stretched
- FIG. 1 the axial direction holding belt 20 is stretched
- the attachment portions 23 of the axial holding belt 20 are attached to both end portions in the axial direction of the mandrel 61, and then the belt portion 21 is wound up by the winding portion 22.
- An axial holding belt 20 is stretched on the outer surface side of the belt.
- the axial spacer 30 is inserted between the axial holding belt 20 and the mold 10.
- the axial spacers 30 are arranged so that the height of the axial spacers 30 increases as it approaches the center of the axial holding belt 20. The purpose of this arrangement is as described above.
- the belt portion 21 is further wound and tightened by the winding portion 22.
- the mandrel 61 is rotated in the direction in which the mold 10 moves upward (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 3), and the lower part from the central portion of the mold 10 is laminated. It is located on the side of 60. Since the shaping
- the above-described operation is performed on the plurality of molds 10 over the entire circumference of the laminate 60 so as not to interfere with each other (so as not to overlap).
- all operations in the covering step are performed on the side of the laminate 60.
- coated process can be performed more safely compared with the case where an operation
- FIG. The above is the coating process.
- the bagging process is a process of covering (bagging) the entire mold 10 with a bag film.
- a double back method of double bagging is adopted.
- the circumferential holding belt 40 is hung and tightened in the circumferential direction of the mold 10. At this time, the circumferential spacer 50 is inserted between the circumferential holding belt 40 and the mold 10.
- the circumferential holding belt 40 that is hung in the circumferential direction is positioned closer to the inner circumference than the axial holding belt 20 that is stretched in the axial direction.
- the axial holding belt 20 stretched in the axial direction is removed. Even when the axial holding belt 20 is detached, the circumferential holding belt 40 holds the molding die, so that the state where the molding die 10 is in close contact with the laminate 60 is maintained.
- a belt-like bag film 68 is pasted in the circumferential direction so as to cover both axial end portions of the mold 10, and between the axial end portions of the mold 10 and the mandrel 61. Cover the gap.
- the laminate 60 is entirely covered and sealed with the mold 10 and the bag film 68.
- the space sealed by the mold 10 and the bag film 68 is evacuated, so that the mold 10 is further adhered to the laminate 60. Thereby, inner bagging (inner bagging) is completed.
- the circumferential holding belt 40 stretched in the circumferential direction is removed. Since the space sealed by the mold 10 and the bag film 68 is evacuated, even if the circumferential holding belt 40 is removed, the state where the mold 10 is in close contact with the laminate 60 is maintained.
- the curing step is a step of curing the laminate. Specifically, the mandrel 61, the laminate 60, and the mold 10 integrally bagged by the bagging process are placed in an autoclave (high temperature and high pressure kettle), and heat and pressure are simultaneously applied. Thereby, the laminate 60 is cured. And since the shaping
- the demolding step is a step of removing the mold 10 from the cured laminate 60 (hereinafter referred to as “composite material molded product”).
- composite material molded product First, after the curing step, the composite material molded article is taken out from the autoclave, and the outer bagging (outer bagging) bag film is removed. Thereafter, each molding die 10 is sequentially removed from the composite material molded product while using the holding belt in the reverse procedure of the method for attaching the molding die 10. At this time, the mandrel 61 is rotated so that the work for removing the mold 10 is always performed on the side of the mandrel 61.
- the operation of removing the molding die 10 is performed in a state of being hung by the hoisting device 64, and the removed molding die 10 removes foreign matter adhering to the surface in the state of being hung as it is, and the surface is prepared for the next operation.
- Apply a mold release agent Apply a mold release agent.
- the molding method according to the present embodiment As described above, according to the molding method according to the present embodiment, when the molding die 10 is attached to the laminated body 60, it is not necessary to perform an attaching operation while keeping the molding die 10 horizontal, and the molding die 10 is disposed at one end side. Since the mounting operation can be performed in a suspended state, the positioning operation is easy and the work space can be kept small. Furthermore, according to the molding die 10 according to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to provide the molding die 10 with a framework member for maintaining the shape of the molding die and a hanging portion for hanging horizontally. Therefore, the mold 10 can be reduced in weight and easy to handle.
- FIGS. 8 to 11 are views (side views) seen from the side of the mandrel 61.
- FIG. 8 and FIG.9 is the figure which showed a part of coating
- 10 and 11 are diagrams showing a part of the bagging process of the molding method according to the present embodiment.
- the molding die 10 is held using the axial holding belt 20 or the like, whereas in this embodiment, the molding die 10 is held using the holding magnet 70. That is, the forming jig 200 according to the present embodiment is mainly configured by the forming die 10 and the holding magnet 70. Hereinafter, the configuration of the holding magnet 70 and the molding method of the present embodiment will be described.
- the holding magnet 70 is a component for bringing the mold 10 into close contact with the laminate 60.
- the holding magnet 70 is mainly configured by a magnet main body 71 and a cover member 72.
- the magnet body 71 is a magnet itself, and may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
- the shape of the magnet body 71 is not particularly limited, but the magnet body 71 of this embodiment has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the cover member 72 is configured to cover the entire magnet body 71 except for one of the surfaces constituting the magnetic pole. In other words, the cover member 72 has an opening, and only the surface constituting one magnetic pole of the magnet body 71 covered by the cover member 72 is exposed from the opening.
- the cover member 72 is made of a material that hardly transmits magnetic force. Accordingly, the holding magnet 70 can generate a large magnetic force only from one surface (the opening of the cover member 72) (hereinafter, the surface that generates this large magnetic force is referred to as a “magnetic surface”).
- the molding method according to this embodiment includes a lamination process, a covering process, a bagging process, a curing process, and a demolding process.
- the lamination process, the curing process, and the demolding process are basically the same as the molding method according to the first embodiment. Therefore, in the following, the covering process and the bagging process in the present embodiment will be mainly described.
- the mold 10 is first positioned on the side of the laminate 60, and then the holding magnet 70 is attached to the mold 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of holding magnets 70 are attached in an axial direction to each of the upper portion of the mold 10 and the height direction position (circumferential position) closer to the center portion. . At this time, the holding magnet 70 is attached so that the magnetic surface faces the mold 10. Further, the order in which the holding magnets 70 are attached is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that the holding magnets 70 be attached in order from the axially central side of the mold 10 toward the axially outer side.
- the mandrel 61 (core type) on which the prepreg is laminated is formed of an invar alloy (a metal in which 34 to 36% of nickel is alloyed with iron and has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion) as a magnetic material. Magnetic material.
- the holding magnet 70 is attracted to the mandrel 61, so that the mold 10 and the laminated body 60 are sandwiched between the mandrel 61 and the holding magnet 70.
- the holding magnet 70 of this embodiment is comprised so that a big magnetic force may generate
- a frame-shaped attachment mark 73 is drawn at the attachment position of the holding magnet 70 in order to perform work efficiently.
- the mounting marks 73 are evenly arranged in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the holding magnets 70 are also equally mounted in the axial direction and the circumferential direction in accordance with the mounting marks 73.
- the lifting jig 65 is removed, and the mandrel 61 is rotated in the direction in which the mold 10 moves upward, so that the lower part of the mold 10 and the height direction position (circumferential position) on the center part side of the lower part. )
- a plurality of holding magnets 70 are attached to each other in the axial direction.
- the mold 10 is elastically deformed into a shape corresponding to the shape of the laminated body 60 and is in close contact with the laminated body 60.
- the above-described operation is performed on the plurality of molds 10 over the entire circumference of the laminate 60 so as not to interfere with each other (so as not to overlap).
- the above is the coating process.
- band-like bag films 68 are pasted in the circumferential direction so as to cover both end portions in the axial direction of the mold 10, and between the both end portions in the axial direction of the mold 10 and the mandrel 61. Cover the gap.
- the laminate 60 is entirely covered and sealed with the mold 10 and the bag film 68.
- the space sealed by the mold 10 and the bag film 68 is evacuated, so that the mold 10 is further adhered to the laminate 60. Thereby, inner bagging (inner bagging) is completed.
- all the holding magnets 70 are removed.
- the demolding process is performed in the reverse order of the procedure for attaching the mold 10 described above, but at this time, the holding magnet 70 is used without using the shaft method holding belt 20 or the like.
- the above is the forming method according to the present embodiment.
- the mandrel 61 is a magnetic body
- the above-described holding magnet 70 can be used as the holding means of the mold 10, and in this case, the covering process, the bagging process, and the demolding process are particularly easy. It becomes.
- a mold that is easy to handle can be provided, which is beneficial in the technical field of molds.
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Abstract
Description
(第1実施形態)
はじめに、図1乃至図7を参照して、本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。
まず、図1を参照しながら、本実施形態に係る成形治具100の構成について説明する。なお、本実施形態に係る成形治具100は、大型航空機の胴体部分のスキンパネルを成形するものとする。また、このスキンパネルは、直径が約6mで軸方向長さが約7mの円筒形状を有するものとする。図1は、本実施形態に係る成形治具100の使用状態を示した斜視図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態に係る成形治具100は、成形型10と、軸方向保持ベルト20と、軸方向スペーサ30と、周方向保持ベルト40と、周方向スペーサ50とを備えている。以下、これらの各構成要素について順に説明する。
次に、図2から図7を参照しながら、本実施形態に係る成形方法について説明する。本実施形態に係る成形方法によって成形されるのは、上述した大型航空機の胴体部分のスキンパネルである。本実施形態に係る成形方法には、積層工程と、被覆工程と、バギング工程と、硬化工程と、脱型工程と、が含まれる。以下、各工程について、順に説明する。なお、図2から図4は被覆工程を示す図であり、図5から図7はバギング工程を示す図である。また、図2及び図3は、後述するマンドレル61の軸方向から見た図(正面図)である。図4乃至図7は、マンドレル61の側面側から見た図(側面図)であり、巻上げ部22、42等の図示を省略した概略図である。
(i)まず、図4に示す成形型10が積層体60に取り付けられた状態から、図5に示すように、周方向に隣接する成形型10同士の境界部分に帯状のバッグフィルム68を貼って、各成形型10間の全ての隙間を覆う。
(ii)次に、図6に示すように、成形型10の周方向に周方向保持ベルト40を掛けて締め付ける。このとき、周方向保持ベルト40と成形型10との間には周方向スペーサ50を挿入する。なお、周方向に掛ける周方向保持ベルト40は、軸方向に張られている軸方向保持ベルト20よりも内周側に位置させる。
(iii)次に、図7に示すように、軸方向に張った軸方向保持ベルト20を取り外す。軸方向保持ベルト20を取り外しても、周方向保持ベルト40が成形型を押えているため、成形型10が積層体60に密着する状態は保持される。
(iv)次に、同じく図7に示すように、成形型10の軸方向両端部分を覆うように周方向に帯状のバッグフィルム68を貼り、成形型10の軸方向両端部分とマンドレル61の間の隙間を覆う。以上により、積層体60は成形型10およびバッグフィルム68により全体が覆われて密閉されることになる。
(v)次に、成形型10およびバッグフィルム68により密閉された空間を真空引きして成形型10を積層体60にさらに密着させる。これにより、内側のバギング(インナーバギング)が完了する。
(vi)次に、周方向に張った周方向保持ベルト40を外す。成形型10およびバッグフィルム68により密閉された空間は真空引きされているため、周方向保持ベルト40を外しても成形型10が積層体60に密着する状態は保持される。
(vii)最後に、成形型10およびマンドレル61をさらに全体バッグフィルム(図示せず)で覆い、その全体バッグフィルムとマンドレル61の間の空間を真空引きする。これにより外側のバギング(アウターバギング)が完了する。以上がバギング工程である。
(第2実施形態)
次に、図8乃至図11を参照しながら、本発明の第2実施形態に係る成形治具200の構成について説明する。ここで、図8乃至図11は、マンドレル61の側面側から見た図(側面図)である。このうち、図8及び図9は、本実施形態に係る成形方法の被覆工程の一部を示した図である。また、図10及び図11は、本実施形態に係る成型方法のバギング工程の一部を示した図である。上述のように、第1実施形態では軸方向保持ベルト20等を用いて成形型10を保持していたのに対し、本実施形態では保持磁石70を用いて成形型10を保持する。つまり、本実施形態に係る成形治具200は、成形型10と、保持磁石70とによって主に構成されている。以下、保持磁石70の構成、及び本実施形態の成型方法について説明する。
(i)まず、図9に示す成形型10が積層体60に取り付けられた状態から、図10に示すように、周方向に隣接する成形型10同士の境界部分に帯状のバッグフィルム68を貼って、各成形型10間の全ての隙間を覆う。
(ii)次に、図11に示すように、成形型10の軸方向両端部分を覆うように周方向に帯状のバッグフィルム68を貼り、成形型10の軸方向両端部分とマンドレル61の間の隙間を覆う。以上により、積層体60は成形型10およびバッグフィルム68により全体が覆われて密閉されることになる。
(iii)次に、成形型10およびバッグフィルム68により密閉された空間を真空引きして成形型10を積層体60にさらに密着させる。これにより、内側のバギング(インナーバギング)が完了する。
(iv)次に、全ての保持磁石70を外す。成形型10およびバッグフィルム68により密閉された空間は真空引きされているため、保持磁石70を外しても成形型10が積層体60に密着する状態は保持される。
(v)最後に、成形型10およびマンドレル61をさらに全体バッグフィルム(図示せず)で覆い、その全体バッグフィルムとマンドレル61の間の空間を真空引きする。これにより外側のバギング(アウターバギング)が完了する。以上がバギング工程である。
20 軸方向保持ベルト
30 軸方向スペーサ
31 軸方向保持手段
40 周方向保持ベルト
50 周方向スペーサ
51 周方向保持手段
60 積層体
61 マンドレル
62 プリプレグ
70 保持磁石
100 成形治具
Claims (14)
- プリプレグを積層した積層体を硬化する際、その表面を成形する成形型であって、
平面板形状を有し、当該平面板形状から前記積層体の形状に対応する形状へ弾性変形して前記積層体に密着可能である、成形型。 - 繊維強化プラスチックを材料とする、請求項1に記載の成形型。
- 厚みが1.5mm±0.5mmである、請求項2に記載の成形型。
- 請求項1乃至3のうちいずれか一の項に記載の成形型と、
前記成形型を前記積層体に密着させる保持手段と、
を備えた成形治具。 - 前記保持手段は、
前記成形型の外表面側に張る締め付け可能な保持ベルトと、
前記保持ベルトと前記成形型の間に挿入する複数のスペーサと、
を有する、請求項4に記載の成形治具。 - 前記複数のスペーサには、互いに高さの異なるスペーサが含まれており、
前記積層体が円筒形状を有し、かつ、前記保持ベルトが前記積層体の軸方向に張られたとき、前記複数のスペーサに含まれる各スペーサは、前記保持ベルトの中央に近づくにつれて高くなる順に配置される、請求項5に記載の成形治具。 - 前記プリプレグは磁性体の芯型に積層されており、
前記保持手段は、磁力を発生し、前記成形型及び前記積層体を挟んで前記芯型に吸着可能な複数の保持磁石を有する、請求項4に記載の成形治具。 - 前記保持磁石は、一の面からのみ大きな磁力が発生するように構成されている、請求項7に記載の成形治具。
- プリプレグを積層して積層体を形成する積層工程と、
平面板形状を有する可撓性の成形型を前記積層体の形状に対応するように変形させながら前記積層体に密着させる被覆工程と、
前記成形型を密着させた状態で前記積層体を硬化させる硬化工程と、
を含む成形方法。 - 前記被覆工程において、前記成形型の外表面側に保持ベルトを張るとともに、前記保持ベルトと前記成形型の間に複数のスペーサを配置し、前記保持ベルトを締め付けることにより前記成形型を前記積層体に密着させる、請求項9に記載の成形方法。
- 前記積層体は円筒形状を有しており、
前記被覆工程において、前記保持ベルトを前記積層体の軸方向に張り、前記複数のスペーサを前記保持ベルトの中央に近づくにつれて高くなる順に配置する、請求項10に記載の成形方法。 - 前記プリプレグは磁性体の芯型に積層されており、
前記被覆工程において、磁力を発生する複数の保持磁石を、前記成形型及び前記積層体を挟んで前記芯型に吸着させることにより、前記成形型を前記積層体に密着させる、請求項9に記載の成形方法。 - 前記積層体は円筒形状を有しており、
前記被覆工程において、前記複数の保持磁石を前記成形型上において軸方向に均等に配置するとともに周方向に均等に配置する、請求項12に記載の成型方法。 - 前記被覆工程において、前記積層体の全周に前記成形型を密着させる際、前記積層体を回転させることにより、常に前記積層体の側方側から前記成形型を前記積層体に密着させる作業を行う、請求項11又は13に記載の成形方法。
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KR1020137016142A KR101594976B1 (ko) | 2010-12-27 | 2011-12-26 | 성형형, 성형 지그, 및 성형 방법 |
JP2012550722A JP5779593B2 (ja) | 2010-12-27 | 2011-12-26 | 成形治具および成形方法 |
US15/200,712 US20160311177A1 (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2016-07-01 | Mold, molding jig and molding method |
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US15/200,712 Division US20160311177A1 (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2016-07-01 | Mold, molding jig and molding method |
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CN113844078B (zh) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-07-28 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 一种超轻质多特征无蒙皮骨架式复合材料壳体制备方法 |
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US20200070443A1 (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2020-03-05 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Mold for manufacturing composite material structure |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2012090468A1 (ja) | 2014-06-05 |
EP2660031B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
EP2660031A4 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
US20140008009A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
KR101594976B1 (ko) | 2016-02-17 |
EP2660031A1 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
US20160311177A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
JP5779593B2 (ja) | 2015-09-16 |
KR20130105876A (ko) | 2013-09-26 |
US9409361B2 (en) | 2016-08-09 |
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