WO2012083664A1 - 单缸插拔销机构及具有该机构的伸缩臂式起重机 - Google Patents

单缸插拔销机构及具有该机构的伸缩臂式起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012083664A1
WO2012083664A1 PCT/CN2011/076382 CN2011076382W WO2012083664A1 WO 2012083664 A1 WO2012083664 A1 WO 2012083664A1 CN 2011076382 W CN2011076382 W CN 2011076382W WO 2012083664 A1 WO2012083664 A1 WO 2012083664A1
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Prior art keywords
pin
cylinder
swing
mechanism according
pull
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PCT/CN2011/076382
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任利有
黄丰杰
柳志勇
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Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd
Sany Automobile Hoisting Machinery Co Ltd
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Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd
Sany Automobile Hoisting Machinery Co Ltd
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Application filed by Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd, Sany Automobile Hoisting Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd
Publication of WO2012083664A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012083664A1/zh
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/708—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of cranes, and more particularly to telescopic boom cranes and their single cylinder insertion and extraction pin mechanisms. Background technique
  • the telescopic mechanism is a key component of the telescopic crane.
  • large-tonnage cranes at home and abroad generally use a single-cylinder plug-and-pin boom telescopic mechanism.
  • These types of telescopic mechanisms mainly include: telescopic cylinders, pin-and-pin mechanisms, arm pins on arms, and other accessories.
  • the plug-and-pin mechanism is a key component of the telescopic mechanism.
  • the insertion and extraction pin mechanism plays more frequently during the telescopic process of the boom, and the working condition is complicated. The stability of the movement directly affects the expansion and contraction efficiency of the arm.
  • the lifting weight and the lifting height are increasing, and the weight of the boom telescopic cylinder is also increasing.
  • the diameter of the telescopic cylinder and the specification of the cylinder pin need to be increased, so that the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism has a large outer shape and is inconvenient to install and maintain.
  • the cylinder pin and the arm pin insertion and extraction mechanism share one main body part, and the main part has high precision, high processing difficulty and high cost.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a single cylinder insertion and extraction pin mechanism which is compact in structure and convenient in installation and maintenance. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a telescopic boom crane having the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism.
  • the present invention provides a single cylinder plug and pin mechanism, including: a cylinder pin disposed on both sides of the telescopic cylinder and a cylinder pin seat for mounting the cylinder pin; a first swing rod and a second swing rod, each swing rod is pivotally connected to the top of the cylinder pin seat and its swing axis is parallel to the axis of the cylinder pin; a pin puller member and a second pin pull member, each of the pin pull members being movably disposed at a head portion of the swing lever and having a pin pull portion adapted to the pin slot of the arm pin; and a swing lever drive The mechanism is disposed at the tail of the swinging rod for driving the first swinging rod and the second swinging rod to swing up and down.
  • first swing lever and the second swing lever are symmetrically arranged with respect to a vertical plane of a center axis of the telescopic cylinder.
  • the single cylinder plug pin mechanism further includes a beam rigidly connecting the first swing link and the second swing link.
  • the pin puller further includes a connecting portion for connecting the upper ends of the interlocking forks.
  • each of the heads of the swing levers has a sliding groove
  • each of the pin-out members has a guide portion located in the sliding groove, and the pin-out portion extends on a side of the guide portion near the pin-out slot.
  • a wear-resistant member is embedded on the groove surface of each of the sliding grooves, and the open end of the sliding groove has a stopper.
  • the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism further includes a first elastic returning member and a second elastic returning member, each of the elastic restoring members being disposed between the cylinder holder and the tail of the swinging lever.
  • each of the elastic returning elements described above is composed of two return springs.
  • the swing lever driving mechanism includes a first swing lever driving cylinder and a second swing lever driving cylinder on both sides of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder, and the upper end of each driving cylinder is hinged to the tail of the swinging rod, and the lower end is hinged to the cylinder bearing on.
  • the head of the swing lever forms a guide rod
  • the pull pin member is sleeved on the guide rod so as to be relatively movable.
  • the single-cylinder plug-in pin mechanism further includes a first interlocking fork and a second interlocking fork, wherein an upper end of each interlocking fork is connected to the pin-out member, a lower end penetrates the cylinder pin seat and is located at the cylinder pin On the retraction path.
  • each of the swing rods is pivotally connected to a seat at the top of the cylinder pin seat through a pin. Further, the heads of the pendulum rods are close to each other and extend above the cylinder pin, and the tail portions thereof extend on both sides of the telescopic cylinder.
  • a telescopic crane is provided, the telescopic arm thereof There is a single cylinder insertion pin mechanism according to the above description.
  • the arm pin is inserted and removed through a swing lever mechanism composed of a swing lever and a swing lever drive mechanism, and the swing lever mechanism is mounted on a cylinder pin seat main body, that is, a cylinder pin seat
  • the utility model has the following features: The insertion and output pin action can be completed in a short time, which ensures the high efficiency and high reliability of the mechanism; compared with the direct pullout, the swinging action is saved by the swing lever mechanism, thereby reducing the swing drive cylinder The size; the single cylinder plug and pin mechanism processing process is easy to implement; the single cylinder plug and pin mechanism is easy to install and maintain.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a single cylinder plug pin mechanism in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view showing the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism shown in Figure 2 through the cylinder pin axis;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing a portion A of the single-cylinder insertion pin mechanism shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a view showing the assembly relationship between the pin-out member and the swing lever of the single-cylinder insertion pin mechanism shown in Figure 3, and
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing the assembly relationship between the pull-out member and the swing lever of the single-cylinder plug-in pin mechanism according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the single cylinder insertion pin mechanism mainly includes left and right cylinder pins 8, left and right swing rods (ie, first swing rod and second swing rod). 3. Left and right pull pins (ie, first pull pins) 2 and the second pin-out member) 2. Left and right interlocking forks (ie, the first interlocking fork and the second interlocking fork 9 and the pendulum rod driving mechanism.
  • left and right cylinder pins 8, left and right swing rods (ie, first swing rod and second swing rod).
  • Left and right pull pins ie, first pull pins
  • Left and right interlocking forks ie, the first interlocking fork and the second interlocking fork 9 and the pendulum rod driving mechanism.
  • the two-cylinder pin 8 is mounted in the cylinder pin holder 11 and symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the telescopic cylinder 10, and the arm pin bolt 1 is located at the top of the cylinder pin holder 11, disposed perpendicular to the axis 11a of the cylinder pin 8, and formed on the arm pin bolt 1
  • the two pin slots la and lb are engaged with the pin member 2.
  • the arm pin bolt 1 moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rainbow pin 8, wherein the arm pin bolt 1 is a component on the arm pin, and the connection relationship between the arm pin and the arm pin and the arm pin on the boom
  • the manner of installation is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
  • the left and right swing bars 3 are respectively pivotally connected to the respective seats 7 at the top of the cylinder pin holder 11 and the axis of the swing shaft 33 thereof is parallel to the axis 11a of the cylinder pin 8; the heads 32 of the respective swing bars 3 are close to each other and at the cylinder pin 8.
  • the tail portions 31 extend on the left and right sides of the telescopic cylinder 10; the head portion 32 of each swing rod 3 has a chute 3a.
  • the first swing link and the second swing link are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical plane lib where the central axis of the telescopic cylinder 10 is located.
  • the left and right pin-out members 2 each have a guide portion 23 located in the chute 3a, a pin-out portion 21 extending on one side of the guide portion 23 and adapted to the pin-out slot la or lb of the arm pin bolt 1, and guiding
  • the connecting portion 24 of the other side of the portion 23 extends (as shown in Fig. 5).
  • a positioning step 22 may be formed on one side of the guide portion 23 and a snap ring 13 may be attached to the other side of the guide portion 23 so that the guide portion 23 is held in the chute 3a without lateral movement.
  • a wear-resistant member 14 may be embedded in the upper and lower groove faces of the chute 3a and a detachable stopper 12 may be provided at the open end of the chute 3a.
  • the upper end of the left and right interlocking fork 9 is connected to the connecting portion 24 of the pin pull member, and the lower end penetrates the cylinder pin seat 11 and is located on the retracting path of the cylinder pin 8.
  • the swing lever driving mechanism is disposed at the tail of the swinging lever 3 for driving the first swinging lever and the second swinging lever to swing up and down around the swinging shaft 33.
  • the swing lever driving mechanism includes a first swing lever driving cylinder and a second swing lever driving cylinder on both sides of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 10, the upper end of each driving cylinder 4 is hinged to the tail of the swinging rod 3, and the lower end is hinged to the cylinder bearing 6 on.
  • the single cylinder plug pin mechanism of the present invention may further include a first elastic returning member and a second elastic returning member, each elastic resetting member 5 being disposed between the cylinder holder 6 and the tail of the swing link 3.
  • each of the elastic returning elements 5 is composed of two return springs, one end of each return spring is drawn on the tail of the swinging rod 3, and the other end is drawn on the cylinder holder 6.
  • the single cylinder plug pin mechanism of the present invention may further include a beam 34 that connects the left and right swing bars.
  • the left and right swing rods are rigidly connected to each other through the beam, ensuring the consistency of the left and right swing rod movements.
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing the assembly relationship between the pull-out member and the swing lever of the single-cylinder plug-in pin mechanism according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment is different from the above embodiment in that the head 32 of the swinging rod 3 forms a guide rod, and the pin-out member 2 is formed with a guide groove 2a, and the pin-out member 2 is sleeved through the guide groove 2a.
  • the pin 2 can be slid relative to the guide of the pendulum 3 for pinning and interlocking.
  • the swing lever drive cylinder 4 is extended by the oil pressure to urge the swing lever 3 to rotate about the swing shaft 33, and the elastic returning member such as the return spring 5 is elongated, and the pullout member 2 and the interlocking fork 9 are moved downward.
  • the pin-out member 2 is combined with the pin-out slots la and lb at the bottom of the arm pin bolt 1 to drive it downward to perform the pin-out action.
  • the interlocking fork 9 is moved downward to the retracting path of the cylinder pin 8, preventing the cylinder pin 8 from being retracted, thereby avoiding the dangerous situation in which the cylinder pin and the arm pin are simultaneously retracted, thereby achieving mechanical interlocking.
  • the insertion and extraction pin mechanism of the invention has the following characteristics: the insertion and removal pin action can be completed in a short time Cheng, guarantee the high efficiency and high reliability of the mechanism; the processing technology of the single-cylinder plug-and-pin mechanism is easy to implement; the single-cylinder plug-and-pin mechanism is easy to install and maintain.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)

Description

单缸插拔销机构及具有该机构的伸缩臂式起重机 本申请要求于 2010年 12月 22 日提交中国专利局， 申请号为 201010602101.8, 发明名称为 "伸缩臂式起重机和单缸插拔销机构，， 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及起重机领域，尤其涉及伸缩臂式起重机及其单缸插拔 销机构。 背景技术
伸缩机构是伸缩臂式起重机的关键部件。 目前， 国内外的大吨位 起重机普遍采用单缸插拔销式吊臂伸缩机构。 这类伸缩机构主要包 括： 伸缩油缸、 插拔销机构、 臂上的臂销以及其他附件。 其中， 插 拔销机构是伸缩机构的关键部件。插拔销机构在吊臂的伸缩过程中动 作比较频繁， 工作情况复杂， 其运动的稳动性直接影响 臂的伸缩效 率。
随着伸缩臂式起重机向大型化的进一步发展，起吊重量和起升高 度不断增加， 吊臂伸缩油缸所承载的重量也越来越大。 为了将伸缩油 缸和 ^臂可靠地锁定， 伸缩油缸的直径和缸销的规格需加大， 因此导 致单缸插拔销机构的外形尺寸较大， 安装维修不方便。 而且， 目前常 用的单缸插拔销机构中， 缸销和臂销插拔机构共用一个主体零件， 该 主体零件的精度要求较高， 加工难度大且成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构筒单紧凑、安装维修方便的单缸 插拔销机构。本发明的目的还在于提供一种具有该单缸插拔销机构的 伸缩臂式起重机。
为此， 本发明一方面提供了一种单缸插拔销机构， 包括： 对称设 置在伸缩油缸两侧的缸销和安装缸销的缸销座； 第一摆杆和第二摆 杆， 各摆杆枢接在缸销座顶部并且其摆动轴线与缸销的轴线平行； 第 一拔销件和第二拔销件 , 各拔销件可相对移动地设置在摆杆的头部 , 并且具有与臂销上的拔销插槽相适配的拔销部； 以及摆杆驱动机构， 设置在摆杆的尾部， 用于驱动第一摆杆和第二摆杆上下摆动。
进一步地，上述第一摆杆和第二摆杆关于伸缩油缸的中心轴线所 在的铅垂面对称布置。
进一步地，上述单缸插拔销机构还包括刚性连接第一摆杆和第二 摆杆的横梁。
进一步地， 上述拔销件还包括供互锁拨叉的上端连接的连接部。 进一步地， 上述各摆杆的头部具有滑槽， 各拔销件具有位于滑槽 中的导向部， 拔销部在导向部的靠近拔销插槽的一侧延伸。
进一步地， 上述各滑槽的槽面上嵌设有耐磨件， 滑槽的开口端具 有止挡件。
进一步地，上述单缸插拔销机构还包括第一弹性复位元件和第二 弹性复位元件， 各弹性复位元件设置在油缸支座和摆杆的尾部之间。
进一步地， 上述各弹性复位元件由两根复位弹簧组成。
进一步地，上述摆杆驱动机构包括位于伸缩油缸的缸筒两侧的第 一摆杆驱动油缸和第二摆杆驱动油缸，各驱动油缸的上端铰接至摆杆 的尾部， 下端铰接至油缸支座上。
进一步地， 上述摆杆的头部形成导杆， 拔销件可相对移动地套设 在导杆上。
进一步地，上述单缸插拔销机构还包括第一互锁拨叉和第二互锁 拨叉， 其中， 各互锁拨叉的上端连接至拔销件， 下端贯穿缸销座并且 位于缸销的回缩路径上。
进一步地， 上述各摆杆通过销轴枢接至缸销座顶部的支座。 进一步地， 上述各摆杆的头部相互靠拢并且在缸销的上方延伸， 其尾部在伸缩油缸的两侧延伸。
根据本发明的另一方面， 提供了一种伸缩臂式起重机， 其伸缩臂 中设有根据上面所描述的单缸插拔销机构。
在本发明的单缸插拔销机构中，臂销插拔通过由摆杆和摆杆驱动 机构构成的摆杆机构来完成，并且摆杆机构安装在缸销的主体即缸销 座上， 使其具有以下特点： 插拔销动作能在短时间内完成， 保证了机 构的高效率和高可靠性； 与直接拔销相比， 利用摆杆机构拔销动作省 力， 进而可以减小摆动驱动油缸的尺寸； 单缸插拔销机构加工工艺容 易实现； 单缸插拔销机构安装维护方便。
除了上面所描述的目的、 特征、 和优点之外， 本发明具有的其它 目的、 特征、 和优点， 将结合附图作进一步详细的说明。 附图说明
构成本说明书的一部分、用于进一步理解本发明的附图示出了本 发明的优选实施例， 并与说明书一起用来说明本发明的原理。 图中： 图 1 示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的立体示 意图；
图 2示出了图 1所示单缸插拔销机构的主视示意图；
图 3示出了图 2所示单缸插拔销机构经过缸销轴线的横截面示意 图；
图 4示出了图 2所示单缸插拔销机构的局部 A的示意图； 图 5示出了图 3所示单缸插拔销机构的拔销件和摆杆之间的装配 关系， 以及
图 6 示出了根据本发明另一优选实施的单缸插拔销机构的拔销 件和摆杆之间的装配关系。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以 由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
图 1至图 5示出了根据本发明优选实施例的单缸插拔销机构的结 构， 结合参照图 1至图 5 , 单缸插拔销机构主要包括左右缸销 8、 左 右摆杆（即第一摆杆和第二摆杆） 3、 左右拔销件（即第一拔销件和 第二拔销件） 2、 左右互锁拨叉（即第一互锁拨叉和第二互锁拨叉 9 和摆杆驱动机构。下面对各部件及相互之间的位置关系和连接关系进 行详细说明。
两缸销 8安装在缸销座 11中并且对称设置在伸缩油缸 10左右两 侧， 臂销螺栓 1位于缸销座 11的顶部， 垂直于缸销 8的轴线 11a布 置， 臂销螺栓 1上形成两拔销插槽 la和 lb , 以与拔销件 2相接合。 在插拔销时， 臂销螺栓 1沿垂直于虹销 8轴线的方向移动， 其中， 臂 销螺栓 1是臂销上的一部件，它与臂销之间的连接关系和臂销在吊臂 上的安装方式为本领域技术人员所知晓， 在此不作赘述。
左右摆杆 3分别枢接在缸销座 11顶部的相应支座 7上并且其摆 轴 33的轴线与缸销 8的轴线 11a平行；各摆杆 3的头部 32相互靠拢 并且在缸销 8的正上方延伸，尾部 31在伸缩油缸 10的左右两侧延伸； 各摆杆 3的头部 32具有滑槽 3a。 优选地， 第一摆杆和第二摆杆关于 伸缩油缸 10的中心轴线所在的铅垂面 lib对称布置。
左右拔销件 2分别具有位于滑槽 3a中的导向部 23、在导向部 23 一侧延伸并且与臂销螺栓 1的拔销插槽 la或 lb相适配的拔销部 21、 以及在导向部 23另一侧延伸的连接部 24 (如图 5所示）。 此外， 还 可在导向部 23的一侧形成定位台阶 22和在导向部 23的另一侧安装 卡环 13 , 以使导向部 23保持在滑槽 3a中而不横向移动。
另外， 可在滑槽 3a的上下槽面上嵌设有耐磨件 14并在滑槽 3a 的开口端设置可拆卸的止挡件 12。
左右互锁拨叉 9的上端连接至拔销件 的连接部 24, 下端贯穿 缸销座 11并且位于缸销 8的回缩路径上。
摆杆驱动机构设置在摆杆 3的尾部，用于驱动第一摆杆和第二摆 杆绕摆轴 33上下摆动。该摆杆驱动机构包括位于伸缩油缸 10的缸筒 两侧的第一摆杆驱动油缸和第二摆杆驱动油缸，各驱动油缸 4的上端 铰接至摆杆 3的尾部， 下端铰接至油缸支座 6上。 本发明的单缸插拔销机构还可以包括第一弹性复位元件和第二 弹性复位元件，各弹性复位元件 5设置在油缸支座 6和摆杆 3的尾部 之间。 优选地， 各弹性复位元件 5由两根复位弹簧组成， 各复位弹簧 的一端拉设在摆杆 3的尾部， 另一端拉设在油缸支座 6上。
本发明的单缸插拔销机构还可以包括连接左右摆杆的横梁 34。 左右摆杆通过横梁刚性连接为一个整体，保证了左右摆杆运动的一致 性。
图 6 示出了根据本发明另一优选实施的单缸插拔销机构的拔销 件和摆杆之间的装配关系。 如图 6所示， 本实施例与上述实施例不同 之处在于， 摆杆 3的头部 32形成导杆， 拔销件 2上形成导槽 2a, 该 拔销件 2通过导槽 2a套设在摆杆 3的头部导杆上， 从而拔销件 2可 以相对于摆杆 3的导杆滑动， 以便拔销和互锁。
下面对本发明的单缸插拔销机构的工作过程进行描述。
摆杆驱动油缸 4在油压作用下伸长，推动摆杆 3绕摆轴 33转动， 弹性复位元件例如复位弹簧 5被拉长，同时拔销件 2和互锁拨叉 9向 下运动。拔销件 2与臂销螺栓 1底部的拔销插槽 la和 lb结合后带动 其向下运动， 从而执行拔销动作。 互锁拨叉 9向下运动至缸销 8的回 缩路径上， 阻止缸销 8缩回， 避免缸销和臂销同时缩回的危险情况， 从而实现机械互锁。
如果缸销 8初始是缩回状态， 互锁拨叉 9则无法向下运动， 与之 相连的摆杆 3无法转动， 拔销件 2也无法向下运动， 不能执行拔销动 作， 同样避免缸销和臂销同时缩回， 实现从而实现机械互锁。
当摆杆驱动油缸 4卸压后， 被拉长的复位弹簧 5收缩， 在此收缩 力的作用下， 摆杆驱动油缸 4缩回， 摆杆 3绕摆轴 33反方向转动。 拔销件 2和互锁拨叉 9同时向上运动。 与臂销螺栓 1相连的臂销（图 中未示出）在其内部复位弹簧的作用下向上运动， 执行插销动作。 互 锁拨叉 9向上运动至缸销 8缩回路径的上方， 此时， 缸销 8可以自由 执行伸出和缩回动作。
本发明的插拔销机构具有以下特点：插拔销动作能在短时间内完 成， 保证机构的高效率和高可靠性； 单缸插拔销机构加工工艺容易实 现； 单缸插拔销机构安装维护方便。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发明， 对于 本领域的技术人员来说， 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明 的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含 在本发明的保护范围之内。 附图标记说明
1一一臂销螺栓 la . lb——
Figure imgf000008_0001
2一一拔销件 21—一拔销部
22——定位台阶 23-一导向部
24——连接部 2a-一导槽
3——摆杆 3 1 -一摆杆尾部
，
32——摆杆头部 33—一摆轴
碓
34—一横梁 3a—
4——摆杆驱动油缸 5—— -复位弹簧
6 油虹支座； 7—— -摆杆支座
8——缸销； 9一- -互锁拨叉
10——伸缩油缸； 11—一缸销座
11a——缸销轴线 l ib - -一铅垂面
12一一止挡件 13-一卡环
14——耐磨件。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种单缸插拔销机构， 包括对称设置在伸缩油缸（10) 两侧 的缸销 （8)和安装所述缸销 （8) 的缸销座（11), 其特征在于， 还 包括：
第一摆杆和第二摆杆， 各摆杆 ( 3 )枢接在所述缸销座（ 11 )顶 部并且其摆动轴线与所述缸销 (8) 的轴线平行；
第一拔销件和第二拔销件， 各拔销件（2)可相对移动地设置在 所述摆杆（3)的头部， 并且具有与所述臂销上的拔销插槽（la; lb) 相适配的拔销部 （21); 以及
摆杆驱动机构， 设置在所述摆杆（3) 的尾部， 用于驱动所述第 一摆杆和第二摆杆上下摆动。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 所述第 一摆杆和第二摆杆关于所述伸缩油缸（ 10)的中心轴线所在的铅垂面
(lib)对称布置。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 还包 括刚性连接所述第一摆杆和第二摆杆的横梁（ 34)。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 各所
5.根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 各所述 摆杆（3) 的头部 （32)具有滑槽（3a), 各所述拔销件（2)具有位 于所述滑槽（3a) 中的导向部 （23), 所述拔销部 （21)在所述导向 部的靠近拔销插槽（la; lb) 的一侧延伸。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 各所 述滑槽（3a) 的槽面上嵌设有耐磨件（14), 所述滑槽（3a) 的开口 端具有止挡件（ 12 )。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 还包 括第一弹性复位元件和第二弹性复位元件， 各弹性复位元件（5)设 置在所述油缸支座（6)和所述摆杆 (3) 的尾部之间。
8.根据权利要求 7所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 各所述 弹性复位元件（5) 由两根复位弹簧组成。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 所述 摆杆驱动机构包括位于所述伸缩油缸（ 10)的缸筒两侧的第一摆杆驱 动油缸和第二摆杆驱动油缸， 各所述驱动油缸（4) 的上端铰接至所 述摆杆 (3) 的尾部， 下端铰接至油缸支座（6)上。
10.根据权利要求 1 所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 所述 摆杆（3)的头部（32)形成导杆， 所述拔销件（2)可相对移动地套 设在所述导杆上。
11.根据权利要求 1 所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 还包 括第一互锁拨叉和第二互锁拨叉， 其中， 各互锁拨叉（9) 的上端连 接至所述拔销件（ 2 ), 下端贯穿所述缸销座（ 11 )并且位于所述缸销
(8) 的回缩路径上。
12.根据权利要求 1 所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特征在于， 各所 述摆杆 ( 3 )通过销轴（ 33 )枢接至所述缸销座（ 11 )顶部的支座（ 7 )。
13.根据权利要求 1至 12中任一项所述的单缸插拔销机构， 其特 征在于， 各所述摆杆（ 3 )的头部（ 32 )相互靠拢并且在所述缸销 ( 8 ) 的上方延伸， 其尾部 （31)在所述伸缩油缸（10) 的两侧延伸。
14. 一种伸缩臂式起重机， 其特征在于， 其伸缩臂中设有根据权 利要求 1至 13中任一项所述的单缸插拔销机构。
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