WO2012083481A1 - 用于hpa基因分型的方法及所用引物 - Google Patents
用于hpa基因分型的方法及所用引物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012083481A1 WO2012083481A1 PCT/CN2010/002090 CN2010002090W WO2012083481A1 WO 2012083481 A1 WO2012083481 A1 WO 2012083481A1 CN 2010002090 W CN2010002090 W CN 2010002090W WO 2012083481 A1 WO2012083481 A1 WO 2012083481A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting an HPA type, and more particularly to a method for HPA genotyping detection.
- the present invention also relates to HPA genotype-specific amplification primers and extension primers and kits comprising the same.
- Platelets are one of the constituents in the blood of mammals, and there are organelles in the absence of nucleus. It functions through the interaction of glycoprotein (GP) on the surface of the membrane with extracellular mediator proteins, and plays an important role in hemostasis and maintaining the integrity of vascular endothelial cells.
- GP glycoprotein
- HPA human platelet antigen
- the HPA antigen naming principle is based on HPA and then connected to a digital representation.
- the dual genes are represented by the English lowercase letters a and b, respectively.
- the letter a represents an allele with a gene frequency greater than 50%.
- the letter b represents another allele with a gene frequency of less than 50%.
- a suffix w such as HPA-6bw, HPA-7bw, and the like. It can only be called a system after all two dual antigens have been detected.
- HPA is polymorphic in population, and the differences in gene frequencies of certain HPAs between different ethnic groups are statistically significant.
- HPA allele is located in six genetic loci on chromosomes 5, 6, 17 and 22.
- Platelet transfusion plays an important role in the clinic. Incompatibility of HPA can lead to ineffective platelet transfusion (PTR), post-transfusion purpura (PTP), and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (NAITP).
- PTR platelet transfusion
- PTP post-transfusion purpura
- NAITP neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenic purpura
- HPA genotyping such as polymerase chain reaction sequence specific primer typing (PCR-SSP), restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), DNA-based amplification and Sanger sequencing. Method (PCR-SBT) and gene chip technology (DNA microarray).
- PCR-SSP method some damaged DNA samples will affect the test results; PCR-RFLP will have wrong results if the enzymatic hydrolysis is not complete, in addition, not every HPA allele has an appropriate enzyme cut point; Type methods have either cost or technical issues.
- the present invention devised a novel set of simultaneous detection of 18 HPA-type specific primers and methods for detecting and shaping the same using the primers.
- the invention provides a method for HPA genotyping, comprising:
- the extension reaction is preferably a single base extension reaction
- the amplification primer is an oligonucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 1-36, more preferably a label is added at the 5' end of the oligonucleotide sequence, more preferably the label Is acgttggatg;
- the extension primer is an oligonucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 37-54.
- the amplification product of step (1) is purified prior to performing step (2), and/or the extension product of step (2) is purified prior to performing step (3), preferably Purification using a resin;
- the mass detection is performed using a matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system.
- the method of determining the HPA genotype in the sample after the quality assay is to compare the obtained peak with the molecular weight of the extended primer and the molecular weight of the corresponding extension product.
- the analysis is preferably performed by TYPER4.0 analysis software (SEQUENNOM).
- the HPA genotyping method of the present invention further comprising: processing the amplification product to remove dNTPs contained in the amplification product, preferably using shrimp base, prior to performing step (2)
- the phosphatase (SAP enzyme) is treated; preferably, when performing step (2), a type-specific polymorphic site tag is included at the 3' end, and more preferably a single base extension reaction is performed using ddNTP .
- the difference in molecular weight between the extended product obtained in the above step (2) and the extended primer is not less than 9D, and the molecular weight difference between the extended products of each type is not less than 30D.
- the sample of interest is selected from a blood sample, preferably from a mammal, especially a human.
- the HPA genotype is selected from the group consisting of HPA-1, HPA-2, HPA-4, HPA-5.
- the invention provides an oligonucleotide of the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 54, preferably any of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 36
- the 5' end of the oligonucleotide of the sequence shown contains the tag sequence, more preferably the tag is acgttggatgo
- the invention provides the use of an oligonucleotide having the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 36 for an amplification reaction, preferably said SEQ ID NO: The 5, end of any of the oligonucleotides 1 to SEQ ID NO: 36 contains a tag sequence, and more preferably the tag is acgttggatg.
- the invention provides the use of an oligonucleotide having the sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO: 37 to SEQ ID NO: 54 for an extension reaction.
- the invention provides one or more pairs of amplification primers selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-36 and one or more extension primers selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 37-54
- the kit is for HPA genotyping detection; preferably, the 5, end of the amplification primer selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 1-36 contains a tag sequence, more preferably The label is acgttggatgo
- the invention provides a kit comprising: one or more pairs of amplification primer pairs selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-36, one or more selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: Extension primer for 37-54, as well as PCR reagents and amplification reagents.
- the kit further comprises an SAP enzyme and a ddNTP.
- the invention relates to the use of the kit for detecting HPA genotyping.
- the invention in another embodiment, relates to a method for HPA genotyping, characterized in that the HPA gene of a sample of interest is detected using a qualitative assay to determine the HPA genotype to be detected in the sample.
- the invention relates to the use of shield analysis for HPA genotyping.
- the label is only for increasing the molecular weight of the primer sequences linked to teg to exclude the influence of these primers in subsequent experiments, and those skilled in the art can select different tags according to needs and general primer design principles to implement the present invention. the goal of. Therefore, any sequence of tags that achieve the above objectives and that do not interact with the detection target can be used in some embodiments.
- the present invention provides a set of specific primers for detecting HPA genotypes, which are divided into amplification primers and extension primers, and the sequence and sequence number thereof are shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3:
- HPA-1-F TTGCTGGACTTCTCTTTGGG 20 HPA1 Forward Primer SEQ ID NO: 1
- HPA-2-F AAGGCAATGAGCTGAAGACC 20 HPA2 forward primer SEQ ID NO: 2
- HPA-7-F AGGTGAGCTTCAGCATTGAG 20 HPA7 Forward Primer SEQ ID NO: 6
- HPA-l-R CAGATTCTCCTTCAGGTCAC 20 HPA1 Reverse Primer SEQ ID NO: 19
- HPA-5-R CCAAATGCAAGTTAAATTACC 21 HPA5 Reverse Primer SEQ ID NO: 22
- HPA-7-R CACGGGCTTTATGGTAAAGG 20 HPA7 Reverse Primer SEQ ID NO: 24
- extension primer HPA-1-U was used to extend HPA-1
- extension primer HPA-2-U was used to extend HPA-2
- HPA type is HPA-1, HPA-2, HPA-4, HPA-5, HPA-6w, HPA-7w, HPA-8w, HPA-9w, HPA-lOw, HPA-1 lw, HPA-13w, One of HPA-14w, HPA-15, HPA-16w, HPA-17w, HPA-18w, HPA-20w, HPA-21w or Multiple) and type it.
- the reaction can be carried out in a trace system to reduce the use of samples and various consumables; reagent supplies are relatively simple and stable; automated high-throughput testing, low cost, suitable for large-scale testing.
- Mass spectrometry can be operated simultaneously in 384 holes of a plate, which is simple and convenient, so the flux is large and the speed is fast. The result can be obtained in two days, which is simple and fast.
- Figure 1 shows the mass-detection peaks of six HPA antigens in samples HPA-5, 9w, 10w, 18w, 20w, and 21w.
- the abscissa indicates the molecular weight of each type of extended primer and product, wherein the dotted line on the left indicates the position of the molecular weight of the extended primer (no peak due to complete consumption), and the dotted line on the right indicates the position of the molecular weight of the extended product (due to the extension) , so there is a peak type); the ordinate indicates the signal strength of the primer.
- HPA-20W no dotted line on the left indicates complete consumption of the extension primer
- a dotted line C on the right peak indicates that the gene at the mutation site is Co HPA-21W
- no dotted line on the left indicates complete consumption of the extension primer
- a dotted line on the right peak indicates the signal strength of the primer.
- HPA-9W has a dotted line G at the right peak, indicating a gene of 0 at the mutation site.
- HPA-18W there is a dotted line G at the right peak, indicating that the gene at the mutation site is G.
- HPA-10W there is a dotted line G at the right peak, indicating that the gene at the mutation site is G.
- HPA-5W has a dotted line G at the right peak, indicating that the gene at the mutation site is G.
- Figure 2 shows the peaks of the shield detection of six HPA antigens in samples HPA-1, 2, 4, 8w, 16w, and 17w.
- Figure 3 shows the mass spectrometric peaks of six HPA antigens in samples HPA-4, 6w, 7w, llw, 13w, and 15.
- the peak value of the sample peak is high, the peak shape of the extended product is clear, and the classification result is clear.
- Figure 4 is a peak image of the HPA-18W mass spectrometer of the sample, which shows that the peak at mass 6660.4 (corresponding to the product peak) is high, while the peak at mass 6373.2 (corresponding to the primer peak) does not exist, at mass 7700.3 The peak at which it corresponds (corresponding to another product peak) does not exist. This indicates the sample In the product, HPA-18w has a G at the mutation site, so the genotype is aa.
- Figure 5 is a peak image of the HPA-5 mass spectrum of the sample, which shows that the peak at mass 7284.8 (corresponding to the product peak) is high, while the peak at mass 6997.5 (corresponding to the primer peak) does not exist, at mass 7268.8 The peak at (corresponding to another product peak) does not exist.
- the HPA-5 gene in the sample has a G at the mutation site, and thus the genotype is aa, and the peak at the mass of 7064 in the figure is the product peak of HPA-10.
- Example 1 the specific primers of the present invention and the mass spectrometry method were used to detect DNA samples extracted from blood to obtain HPA type results in the samples.
- Example 1 the specific primers of the present invention and the mass spectrometry method were used to detect DNA samples extracted from blood to obtain HPA type results in the samples.
- the HPA genotype of each system is determined by a single base mutation, and the primer design region is designed based on the DNA sequence of the base in which it is located, and is specific. According to the selected conserved region containing the mutation site in the HPA type gene to be detected, an amplification primer for each type is designed, and the amplification primers carry a tag sequence of 10 bases ac g tt g gat g ;
- the extension primer is designed to have a length of 17-25 bases; between the extension primer and the extension product, the molecular weight difference of each type of extension product is not less than 9 Daltons. Primers were designed according to the principle that no primers were formed between the primers and the amplification product/extension product, the primer itself did not form a hairpin structure, and the primers and the template did not mismatch.
- the extension primers for mass spectrometry are designed according to the following principles: the molecular weight of each extension primer differs from each other by more than 30 Daltons, and the molecular weight difference between each extension primer and each extension product is not less than 9 Daltons, and the extension primers
- the molecular weight of the extension product should be between 4500 and 8500 Da.
- a mass spectrometry extension primer is designed for an HPA type, and multiple mass spectrometry extension primers are added to one mass spectrometry reaction.
- a plurality of detection type amplification primers are mixed with the amplification primers, and the extension primers are mixed with the extension primers. This allows multiple HPA types to be detected simultaneously, increasing efficiency and saving costs.
- HPA-14W is Except for the deletion of 3 nucleotides, the remaining HPA are caused by SNPs of related genes.
- HPA-1, 2, 4, 8w, 16w, 17w belong to one mass reaction
- HPA-4, 6w, 7w, llw, 13w, 15 belong to one mass reaction
- HPA-5, 9w, 10w, 18w, 20w, 21w belongs to a qualitative pan reaction
- three primordial responses can detect 18 HPA genotypes.
- the amplification primers used in this example are one or more pairs of amplification primers described in Table 1 after labeling at 5, and the extension primers are one or more extension primers described in Table 2.
- step (2) of the method the blood sample to be tested is subjected to PCR amplification, and the conditions of the amplification reaction are well known to those skilled in the art, and exemplary reaction conditions are also described in detail in the examples of the present invention. Further, depending on the specific sequence of the primer of the present invention to be used, it is within the ability of those skilled in the art to make certain changes or optimizations to the conditions of the amplification reaction.
- the amplification primer pair used is selected from the polynucleotides having the sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 37 to SEQ ID NO: 72.
- An exemplary PCR amplification process is:
- reaction conditions were 94. C, 15min; 94. C denatured for 20 s, annealed at 56 ° C for 30 s, 72. C extended lniiii, a total of 45 cycles; finally extended at 72 ° C for 3 min.
- the PCR reaction was run on a Bio-Rad PTC-200 PCR machine.
- the PCR amplification reagents are shown in Table 3 (buffer, dNTP mixture and taq enzyme purchased from sequenom).
- Table 3 PCR system
- Unreacted dNTPs can be dephosphorylated by SAP digestive enzyme treatment to prevent their participation in subsequent reactions to ensure that only one base is extended during the extension reaction.
- the SAP digestive enzyme reaction system is shown in Table 4.
- reaction conditions were 37" ⁇ for 40 minutes, and the remaining dNTPs in the reaction were removed; 85* for 5 minutes to inactivate the SAP enzyme.
- the SAP-treated amplification product is subjected to an extension reaction, and the extension primer of the present invention is used in the extension reaction, and the obtained extension product differs from the extension primer only in its 3 end.
- One more base ddNTP.
- the material used in the extension reaction is a mass-modified ddNTP which ensures that the extension reaction is linked to only one base and the resolution of the entire system is improved.
- the shield-modified ddNTP is used, and the main purpose of mass modification is to increase the molecular weight difference between the extension products, thereby improving the resolution of subsequent mass spectrometry.
- Methods for mass modification of ddNTPs are known.
- the four ddNTPs are commercially available from the sequenom company, and their molecular weights are: ddATP 271.2, ddTTP 327.1, ddCTP 247.2, and ddGTP 287.2, respectively.
- the extension primer to be used includes one or more of the polynucleotides having the sequence of any one of SEQ ID NO: 73 to SEQ ID NO: 90.
- the extension reaction is carried out in a 9 ⁇ l reaction system, and an extension primer or a plurality of extension primers may be used depending on the site to be detected. Combination.
- the extension reaction system is shown in Table 5 below.
- the extension reaction mix is linearly adjusted according to the molecular weight of each type of primer.
- the reaction conditions were 94 ° C, 30 s; 94. C denatured for 5 s, annealed at 52 ° C for 5 s, 80. C extended for 5 s, co-amplified for 40 cycles, annealed and extended for 5 small cycles in each cycle; and finally extended at 72 ° C for 3 min.
- the extended reaction product was purified using a resin. 6 mg of a resin (purchased from sequenom) was added to the product of the extension reaction, and 18.00 ul of water was added thereto, and the mixture was shaken vertically for one hour. Through this reaction, the resin will sufficiently bind to the cations in the reaction system to desalinate the reaction system.
- the purified product after the completion of the reaction can be stored for several days, or stored at -20 Torr for several weeks, or centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the supernatant is taken directly for mass detection.
- step (6) of the process of the invention the purified extension product is subjected to mass spectrometry to determine the molecular weight of each extension product.
- the mass spectrometer selects matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).
- MALDI-TOF-MS matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry
- the purified product is co-crystallized with a chip matrix, and the crystal is placed in a vacuum tube of a mass spectrometer, and then excited by an instantaneous nanosecond laser. Since the matrix molecules absorb energy through radiation, energy is accumulated and rapidly generates heat. Thereby sublimating the matrix crystal, the nucleic acid molecules are desorbed and converted into metastable ions, resulting in The ions are mostly singly charged ions.
- the detected HPA type was obtained by the analysis software provided by sequenom.
- Each antigen yields a peak map, including primer peaks and product peaks, and wild-type and mutant products have different product peak positions due to different molecular weights.
- the peak-to-peak value of the primer is 0 and the peak of the wild-type product is high, it indicates that the type of the HPA antigen is wild-type aa; when the peak value of the primer is 0, and the peak of the mutant product is high, the type of the HPA antigen is indicated. It is a mutant bb; when the peak value of the primer is 0, the peak of the wild type product and the peak of the mutant product are simultaneously high, indicating that the type of the HPA antigen is ab.
- Figures 4 and 5 show the analysis of two of the HPA mass spectra, respectively.
- HPA types are simultaneously detected, and different primers are simultaneously placed in one tube for detection, if there are 18 HPA genotypes: HPA-1, HPA-2, HPA-4, HPA-5, HPA-6w, HPA-7w, HPA-8w, HPA-9w, HPA-lOw.
- the HPA type detection assay of the present invention is performed in three wells, each well for detecting six HPA genotypes, and the primers contained in each well (ie, using all amplification products and extension products during the reaction) And the reaction steps and conditions are the same, the PCR system is added to the 384-well plate well as described in Example 1, mixed, DNA sample is added, PCR amplification, purification, extension, purification, and mass spectrometry detection (see above) The reaction steps and conditions described in Example 1 were subjected to mass spectrometry detection and analysis for each tube after the completion of the detection.
- the molecular weight difference between all the primer peaks and the product peaks is not less than 9 Da.
- the results of the peak map report are divided into four types: A: reliable results B: moderately reliable C: generally reliable D: low reliability. The first three are considered to be effective for the extension reaction, and the fourth is considered to be invalid due to the uneven baseline of the attack peak map.
- the results of the grammar detection peak map are shown in Figure 1-3.
- Figure 1 is a qualitative detection peak map of six HPA antigens in samples HPA-5, 9w, 10w, 18w, 20w, and 21w.
- Figure 2 shows the mass spectrum peaks of six HPA antigens in samples HPA-1, 2, 4, 8w, 16w, and 17w.
- Figure 3 shows the mass spectrum detection peaks of six HPA antigens in samples HPA-4, 6w, 7w, llw, 13w, and 15.
- the peak value of the sample peak is high, the peak shape of the extended product is clear, and the classification result is clear.
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Description
用于 HPA基因分型的方法及所用引物 技术领域 本发明涉及一种用于检测 HPA型别的方法, 具体而言, 本发明涉 及 HPA基因分型检测的方法。 本发明还涉及 HPA基因型别特异性的 扩增引物和延伸引物以及包含这些引物的试剂盒。
背景技术 血小板是哺乳动物血液中的有形成分之一, 无细胞核有细胞器。, 它通过膜表面的糖蛋白(GP)与细胞外介质蛋白相互作用发挥其功能, 在止血及维持血管内皮细胞的完整性方面具有重要作用。
自 1959年第一个人类血小板抗原(human platelet antigen, HPA) 被鉴定以来, 至 2009年底已检出的血小板抗原数为 27个。 其中 12 个对偶抗原被归类为 6个 HPA系统 (HPA-l ~ HPA-5、 HPA-15); 另 15个抗原由于未发现其对偶抗原, 而暂命名为 HPA-6w ~ HPA-14w、 HPA-16w ~ HPA-21w。
HPA抗原命名原则是以 HPA为字头, 然后连接数字表示。 在由 2个对偶抗原组成的遗传系统中, 对偶基因分别用英文小写字母 a和 b表示。 字母 a代表其中基因频率大于 50 %的等位基因. 字母 b代表 基因频率小于 50 %的另一等位基因。 如果某血小板抗原的对偶抗原 尚未被发现, 将给予暂时命名, 在等位基因数字后加后缀 w表示, 如 HPA-6bw, HPA-7bw等。 只有在 2个对偶抗原全被检测出来后才 能被称为系统。 27种 HPA中,除 HPA-14的多态性是编码基因 1909 ~ 1911位 AAG三核苷酸缺失外, 其它 HPA抗原的多态性均因编码基 因的单核苷酸多态性导致相应糖蛋白中单个氨基酸置换。 HPA在人 群中呈多态性分布, 不同种族间某些 HPA的基因频率的差异具统计 学意义。
被正式命名的 HPA等位基因, 位于第 5、 6、 17和 22染色体上 的 6个遗传座位。一个 HPA等位基因, 可以编码一个或数个 HPA抗 原表位。
血小板输注在临床中有着重要的作用。 HPA 不相合可导致血小 板输注无效 (PTR)、输血后紫癜 (PTP)以及新生儿同种免疫性血小板减 少性紫癜 (NAITP)等。
建立准确的 HPA分型技术在血小板减少症的诊断和血小板输注 中具有重要作用,但由于特异性同种抗血清的缺乏, 利用抗原抗体的 免疫学反应进行 HPA定型很困难。 目前常用的方法是进行 HPA基因 分型, 如聚合酶链式反应序列特异引物分型技术(PCR-SSP )、 限制 性片段长度多态性分析 (PCR-RFLP)、 基于 DNA扩增和 Sanger测序 法 (PCR-SBT)和基因芯片技术( DNA microarray )等。 PCR-SSP法, 有些受损 DNA样本会对检测结果产生影响; PCR-RFLP如果酶解不 完全将得错误结果, 此外, 并非每个 HPA等位基因都有适当的酶切 点; 其他的分型方法都有或费用, 或技术方面的问题。
发明内容 本发明设计了一套全新的同时检测 18种 HPA型别的特异性引物 及使用该引物进行检测和定型的方法。
在一个实施方案中, 本发明提供了一种用于 HPA基因分型的方 法, 包括:
( 1 )用一对或多对扩增引物对目的样品进行 PCR扩增, 其中所 述扩增引物是根据目标 HPA基因设计的;
( 2 )用一条或多条延伸引物对步骤(1 )获得的扩增产物进行延 伸; 所述延伸反应优选是单碱基延伸反应;
( 3 )对步骤(2 )获得的延伸产物进行质錯检测, 从而确定样品 中的 HPA基因型别。
优选地, 其中所述扩增引物为选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-36的寡核苷酸 序列, 更优选地在所述寡核苷酸序列的 5,端添加标签, 更优选地所述 标签为 acgttggatg; 优选地, 所述延伸引物为选自 SEQ ID NO: 37-54 的寡核苷酸序列。
在一个优选的实施方案中, 在进行步骤(2 )之前对步骤(1 ) 的 扩增产物进行纯化, 并且 /或者在进行步骤(3 )之前对步骤(2 ) 的延 伸产物进行纯化, 优选地使用树脂进行纯化;
在一个优选的实施方案中, 所述质潘检测使用基质辅助激光解吸 附 /电离飞行时间质谱系统进行。
在一个优选的实施方案中,所述质 检测后确定样品中 HPA基因 型别的方法为将获得的谱峰与延伸引物分子量及对应延伸产物分子量 信息比对。 优选通过 TYPER4.0分析软件( SEQUENNOM公司)进 行分析比对。
在另一个实施方案中, 本发明的 HPA基因分型方法, 还包括: 在进行步驟(2 )之前, 对扩增产物进行处理以除去所述扩增产物 中含有的 dNTP, 优选地使用虾碱式磷酸酶(SAP酶)进行处理; 优 选地, 在进行步骤(2 )时, 在其 3,端包含一个型别特异性多态性位点 标记, 更优选地使用 ddNTP进行单碱基延伸反应。
在另一个优选的实施方案中, 前述方法步骤(2 ) 所得到的延伸 产物和所述的延伸引物之间分子量差异不小于 9D, 且各个型别的延 伸产物间的分子量差异不小于 30D。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述目的样品选自血样,优选的来自哺乳 动物, 尤其是人》
在一个实施方案中, 所述 HPA基因型别选自 HPA-1、 HPA-2、 HPA-4、 HPA-5. HPA-6w、 HPA-7w、 HPA-8w、 HPA-9 、 HPA-lOw. HPA-llw、 HPA-13w、 HPA-14w、 HPA-15、 HPA-16w、 HPA-17w、 HPA-18w、 HPA-20w和 HPA-21w0
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了 SEQ ID NO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 54任一项所示序列的寡核苷酸,优选地所述 SEQ ID NO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 36任一项所示序列的寡核苷酸的 5,端含有标签序列, 更优选地 所述标签为 acgttggatgo
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了具有 SEQ ID NO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 36任一项所示序列的寡核苷酸用于扩增反应的用途, 优选地所 述具有 SEQ ID NO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 36任一项寡核苷酸的 5,端含有 标签序列, 更优选地所述标签为 acgttggatg。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了具有 SEQ ID NO: 37至 SEQ ID NO: 54任一项所示序列的寡核苷酸用于延伸反应的用途。
在一个实施方案中, 本发明提供了一对或多对选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-36的扩增引物和一条或多条选自选自 SEQ ID NO: 37-54的延伸引物
用于制备试剂盒的用途, 优选地所述试剂盒用于 HPA基因分型检测; 优选地,所述选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-36的扩增引物的 5,端含有标签序列, 更优选地所述标签为 acgttggatgo
在一个实施方案中, 本发明提供了一种试剂盒, 所述试剂盒包括: 一对或多对选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-36的扩增引物对, 一条或多条选自选 自 SEQ ID NO: 37-54的延伸引物, 以及 PCR试剂和扩增反应试剂。
优选地, 所述的试剂盒还包括 SAP酶和 ddNTP。
在另一个实施方案中, 本发明涉及所述试剂盒用于检测 HPA基 因分型的用途。
在另一个实施方案中, 本发明涉及一种用于 HPA基因分型的方 法,其特征在于使用质讲检测目的样品的 HPA基因, 以确定样品中待 检测的 HPA基因型别。
在另一个实施方案中, 本发明涉及盾谱分析用于进行 HPA基因 分型的用途。
应理解所述标签只是为了增加与 teg相连的引物序列的分子量, 以 排除这些引物在后续试验的影响, 本领域技术人员可以根据需要以及通 常的引物设计原则选择使用不同的 tag, 而实现本发明的目的。 因此, 在 一些实施方隶中可以使用任何可以达到上述目的, 且不会与检测目的物 相互作用的 tag序列。
本发明提供一套用于检测 HPA基因型的特异性引物, 分为扩增 引物和延伸引物, 其序列及序列编号见表 1、 表 2和表 3:
HPA PCR扩增引物
引物名称 引物 引物用途 序列编号
序列 5, 3'
长度
HPA-1-F TTGCTGGACTTCTCTTTGGG 20 HPA1正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 1
HPA-2-F AAGGCAATGAGCTGAAGACC 20 HPA2正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 2
HPA-4-F ATCTGTGGAGCATCCAGAAC 20 HPA4正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 3
HPA-5-F GGAAGAGTCTACCTGTTTAC 20 HPA5正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 4
HPA-6-F CTTCCCAGCAGGACGAATG 19 HPA6正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 5
HPA-7-F AGGTGAGCTTCAGCATTGAG 20 HPA7正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 6
HPA-8-F TGGGTGTGTGCAACTCTAAG 20 HPA8正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 7
HPA-9-F TGGGCCTGACCACTCCTTTG 20 HPA9正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 8
HPA-10- 20 HPA10正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 9
AGAATCCATCGAGTTCCCAG F
HPA-11- 20 HPA11正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 10
CCTTCAGAGAATGTGTGGAG
F
引物名称 引物 引物用途 序列编号 序列 5, 3'
长度
HPA-13- 20 HPA13正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 11
ACCCTTTATTGTCAGCAACC F
HPA-14- 19 HPA14正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 12
CTCTCTCCAGACTCCACAC F
HPA-15- 20 HPA15正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 13
GAATCAGGTACAGTTACTTC F
HPA-16- 20 HPA16正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 14
TGAAGGATGATCTGTGGAGC F
HPA-17- 20 HPA17正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 15
GTATGAAGACCACCTGCTTG F
HPA-18- 20 HPA18正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 16
AATCAAGCACAGAGTTGCCC F
HPA-20- 20 HPA20正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 17
CCTGGCTTCACTCCTCTTTC F
HPA-21- 20 HPA21正向引物 SEQ ID NO: 18
CCTTCAGAGAATGTGTGGAG F
HPA-l-R CAGATTCTCCTTCAGGTCAC 20 HPA1反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 19
HPA-2-R TGTTAGCCAGACTGAGCTTC 20 HPA2反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 20
HPA-4-R GAAGCCAATCCGCAGGTTAC 20 HPA4反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 21
HPA-5-R CCAAATGCAAGTTAAATTACC 21 HPA5反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 22
HPA-6-R AGACACATTGACCACAGAGG 20 HPA6反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 23
HPA-7-R CACGGGCTTTATGGTAAAGG 20 HPA7反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 24
HPA-8-R GACGAAAATACCTGCAACCG 20 HPA8反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 25
HPA-9-R TGCGATCCCGCTTGTGATG 19 HPA9反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 26
HPA-10- 20 HPA10反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 27
TGACTTGAGTGACCTGGGAG R
HPA-11- 20 HPA11反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 28
CACTGACTCAATCTCGTCAC R
HPA-13- 20 HPA13反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 29
AGTGTTGTATGCACTTTCCC R
HPA-14- 19 HPA14反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 30
GGACACCTGTGAGAAGTGC R
HPA-15- 20 HPA15反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 31
CAAAATGTATCAGTTCTTGG R
HPA-16- 20 HPA16反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 32
CAGGTTACTGGTGAGCTTTC R
HPA-17- 20 HPA17反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 33
TCACTTCCTCATTGAAGCGG R
HPA-18- 20 HPA18反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 34
ACCACTCTCTCGTCTTTAGG R
HPA-20- 20 HPA20反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 35
TGCAGCTCCAGGACATTATC R
HPA-21- 20 HPA21反向引物 SEQ ID NO: 36
AATCTCGTCACGGCAGTAAC
R 其中扩增引物对 HPA-l-F和 HPA-l-R用于扩增 HPA-l , 扩增引 物对 HPA-2-F和 HPA-2-R用于扩增 HPA-2, 以此类推。
表 2 质谱延伸引物
4、 有益效果
与现有技术相比, 上述技术方案采用基质辅助激光解吸附 /电离 飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS )系统进行检测, 较以前 HPA DNA 测序方法而言, 能够准确检测出 18 种 HPA基因型 (HPA 型别为 HPA-1、 HPA-2、 HPA-4、 HPA-5、 HPA-6w、 HPA-7w、 HPA-8w、 HPA-9w、 HPA-lOw, HPA-1 lw, HPA-13w、 HPA-14w、 HPA-15、 HPA-16w、 HPA-17w、 HPA-18w、 HPA-20w、 HPA-21w中的一种或
多种)并对其分型。 反应可在微量体系中进行, 减少样品和各种消耗 品的使用; 试剂耗材相对简单且稳定; 自动化高通量检测, 成本低, 适合大规模检测。质谱可以在一块板的 384个孔中同时操作, 简单方 便, 所以通量大, 速度快, 两天就可以出结果, 简单快速。
附图说明 下面将结合附图和实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但 是本领域技术人员应理解, 下列附图和实施例仅用于说明本发明, 而 不是对本发明的范围进行限定。本领域技术人员参考如下对附图和优 选实施方案的详细描述,显然可以明了本发明的各种目的和各个有利 方面。
图 1为样本 HPA-5、 9w、 10w、 18w、 20w、 21w共计 6种 HPA抗 原的质借检测峰图。
图 1中, 横坐标表示各型延伸引物和产物的分子量大小, 其中左 边的虚线表示延伸引物分子量所在位置 (由于完全消耗, 所以无峰 型), 右边虚线表示延伸产物分子量所在位置(由于有延伸, 所以有峰 型); 纵坐标表示引物的信号强度。 例如 HPA-20W, 左边无虚线表示 延伸引物完全消耗, 右边峰处有一条虚线 C, 表示在突变位点基因为 Co HPA-21W, 左边无虚线表示延伸引物完全消耗, 右边峰处有一条 虚线 G, 表示在突变位点基因为 0。 HPA-9W, 右边峰处有一条虚线 G, 表示在突变位点基因为 0。 HPA-18W, 右边峰处有一条虚线 G, 表示在突变位点基因为 G。 HPA-10W, 右边峰处有一条虚线 G, 表 示在突变位点基因为 G。 HPA-5W, 右边峰处有一条虚线 G, 表示在 突变位点基因为 G。
图 2为样本 HPA-1、 2、 4、 8w、 16w、 17w共计 6种 HPA抗原的盾 谱检测峰图。
图 3为样本 HPA-4、 6w、 7w、 llw、 13w、 15共计 6种 HPA抗原的 质谱检测峰图。 该样本峰图置信度高, 延伸产物的峰型清晰, 分型结果 明确。
图 4为样本的 HPA-18W质谱检测峰图, 其显示, 在质量 6660.4处 的峰(对应于产物峰)很高, 而在质量 6373.2处的峰(对应于引物峰) 不存在, 在质量 7700.3处的峰(对应于另一产物峰)不存在。 这表明样
品中 HPA-18w在突变位点基因为 G, 因此基因型为 aa。
图 5为样品的 HPA-5质谱检测峰图, 其显示, 在质量 7284.8处 的峰(对应于产物峰)很高, 而在质量 6997.5 处的峰(对应于引物 峰) 不存在, 在质量 7268.8 处的峰(对应于另一产物峰) 不存在。 这表明样品中 HPA-5在突变位点基因为 G, 因此基因型为 aa, 图中 质量 7064处的峰为 HPA-10的产物峰。
具体实施方式 在本发明的实施例中, 采用本发明的特异性引物及质谱检测方 法,对从血液从提取的 DNA样本进行检测,获得样本中 HPA型别结 果。 实施例 1:
( 1 )特异性引物的设计
每一个系统的 HPA基因型是由一个位置的碱基突变决定的, 引 物设计的区域就是根据所在碱基的 DNA序列设计的, 具有特异性。 根据所选择的待检测 HPA型别的基因中包含突变位点的保守区域, 设计出针对每型的扩增引物, 扩增引物均带了 10 个碱基 acgttggatg 的标签序列; 设计延伸引物, 延伸引物的长度为 17-25个碱基; 延伸 引物与延伸产物之间,各个型别的延伸产物的分子量差异不小于 9道 尔顿。 按照引物间, 引物与扩增产物 /延伸产物间不形成二聚体, 引 物自身不形成发夹结构,以及引物与模板间不发生错配的原则设计引 物。
用于质谱检测的延伸引物按照下列原则设计:每条延伸引物的分 子量相互间的差别要大于 30道尔顿, 各延伸引物与各延伸产物之间 的分子量差异不小于 9 道尔顿, 延伸引物与延伸产物的分子量要在 4500—8500Da之间。
一种 HPA型别设计一条质谱延伸引物, 一个质谱反应中加入多 条质谱延伸引物。将多个检测型别的扩增引物与扩增引物混合, 延伸 引物与延伸引物混合。 这样可以同时检测多个 HPA型别, 提高了效 率, 节省了成本。 本发明中, 在 18个 HPA系统中, 除 HPA-14W是
由缺失 3个核苷酸引起外, 其余 HPA均为相关基因的 SNP所致。
HPA-1、 2、 4、 8w、 16w、 17w属于一个质旙反应; HPA-4、 6w、 7w、 llw、 13w、 15属于一个质躇反应; HPA-5、 9w、 10w、 18w、 20w、 21w属于一个质潘反应; 同时进行三个质语反应可以检测 18个 HPA 基因型别。
本实施例中使用的扩增引物为一对或多对在 5,端添加了标签后的 表 1所述扩增引物, 延伸引物为一条或多条表 2所述延伸引物。
( 2 ) PCR扩增
在本方法的步骤 (2)中,对待检测血液样本进行 PCR扩增,扩增反 应的条件为本领域技术人员所熟知, 在本发明的实施例中也详细描述 了示例性的反应条件。 并且根据所使用的本发明引物的具体序列, 对 扩增反应的条件进行一定的变化或优化也在本领域技术人员能力范围 之内。
在本发明的扩增步骤中, 使用的扩增引物对选自具有 SEQ ID NO:37至 SEQIDNO: 72所示序列的多核苷酸。
示例性 PCR扩增过程为:
反应条件为 94。C, 15min; 94。C变性 20s, 56°C退火 30s, 72。C 延伸 lniiii, 共扩增 45循环; 最终 72°C延伸 3min。
PCR反应在 Bio-Rad公司的 PTC-200PCR仪上运行。 PCR扩增 反应试剂的配置见表 3(緩冲液、 dNTP混合物和 taq酶购自 sequenom 公司)。 表 3 PCR体系
试剂 浓度 /5ul 体积 /反应
H20 1.9ul
lOxPCR緩冲液 lx 0.5ul
MgC12 2mM 0.4ul
dNTP混合物 500uM O.lul 扩增引物混合物 ΙΟΟηΜ l.Oul
热启动 Taq酶 0.5U O.lul
模板 DNA l.Oul
体积 5.0ul
( 3 ) SAP酶处理
通过 SAP消化酶处理, 可以将未反应的 dNTP去磷酸化, 阻止其 参与到后续反应中, 以确保延伸反应时只延伸一个碱基。 SAP消化酶 反应体系见表 4。
SAP消化酶反应体
( 4 )延伸反应
在本发明方法的步骤 (4)中,对经过 SAP处理的扩增产物进行延伸 反应, 在延伸反应中使用本发明的延伸引物, 所得到的延伸产物与延 伸引物的区别仅在于其 3,端多了一个碱基 (ddNTP)。 延伸反应所使用 的原料是经过质量修饰的 ddNTP, 它既保证了延伸反应只连接一个碱 基, 又能使整个系统的分辨率提高。
在本发明的方法中使用经过盾量修饰的 ddNTP, 进行质量修饰的 主要目的是为了使各延伸产物之间的分子量差距加大, 从而提高后续 的质谱分析的分辨率。 对 ddNTP进行质量修饰的方法是已知的。
作为本发明的一个优选实施方式, 四种 ddNTP为购自 sequenom 公司的市售产品,其分子量分别是: ddATP 271.2, ddTTP 327.1 , ddCTP 247.2, 和 ddGTP 287.2。
在本发明的方法中,所使用的延伸引物包括具有 SEQIDNO: 73至 SEQIDNO: 90任一项所示序列的多核苷酸的一种或多种。
在本发明的具体实施方案中, 在 9微升的反应体系中进行延伸反 应, 可以根据待检测的位点而使用一种延伸引物或多种的延伸引物的
组合。 延伸反应体系如下表 5所示。 延伸反应体系
*其中延伸反应 mix按照各型引物的分子量大小进行线性关系调 整。 反应条件为 94°C, 30s; 94。C变性 5s, 52°C退火 5s, 80。C延伸 5s, 共扩增 40循环, 在每个循环中退火和延伸进行 5个小循环; 最终 72°C延伸 3min。
( 5 )树脂纯化
采用树脂纯化延伸反应产物。 在延伸反应的产物中加入 6mg树脂 (购自 sequenom公司), 加入 18.00ul水, 垂直摇匀一小时。 经过本 步反应, 树脂将充分与反应体系中的阳离子结合, 从而使反应体系脱 盐。反应完成后的纯化产物可在 保存数天,也可在 -20Ό保存数周, 也可 4000rpm离心 5min后取上清直接用于质潘检测。
( 6 )质谱分析
在本发明方法的步骤 (6)中,对经过纯化的延伸产物进行质镨分析, 从而确定各延伸产物的分子量。
在本发明的优选实施方式中, 质谱仪选择基质辅助激光解析电离 飞行时间质谱 (MALDI-TOF-MS)。 在所述方法中, 将純化产物与芯片 基质共结晶, 将该晶体放入质谱仪的真空管, 然后用瞬时纳秒强激光 激发, 由于基质分子经辐射吸收能量, 导致能量蓄积并迅速产热, 从 而使基质晶体升华, 核酸分子就会解吸附并转变为亚稳态离子, 产生
的离子多为单电荷离子, 这些单电荷离子在加速电场中获得相同的动 能, 进而在一非电场漂移区内按照其质荷比率加以分离, 在真空小管 中飞行到达检测器。这样, 采用质谱仪检测待检测突变位点不仅方便, 而且灵敏度高、 准确性高。
获得质谱峰图后,通过 sequenom公司自带的分析软件,获得检测 的 HPA型别。
每一种抗原得到一个峰图, 包括引物峰和产物峰, 野生型和突变 型产物由于分子量不同, 产物峰的位置不同。 当引物峰峰值为 0, 野 生型产物峰峰高时, 说明这种 HPA抗原的型别是野生型 aa; 当引物 峰峰值为 0, 突变型产物峰峰高时, 说明这种 HPA抗原的型别是突 变型 bb; 当引物峰峰值为 0, 野生型产物峰和突变型产物峰同时峰高 时, 说明这种 HPA抗原的型别是 ab。 图 4和 5分别示出了对其中两 种 HPA质谱图的分析。 实施例 2 HPA基因型别的分型检测
本发明的方法中, 多种 HPA型别是同时检测的, 将不同的引物 同时放入一个管里面进行检测, 如果存在 18 种 HPA基因型别: HPA-1、 HPA-2 , HPA-4、 HPA-5、 HPA-6w、 HPA-7w、 HPA-8w、 HPA-9w、 HPA-lOw . HPA-llw、 HPA-13w、 HPA-14w、 HPA-15、 HPA-16w、 HPA-17w、 HPA-18w、 HPA-20w和 HPA-21w 中的一个 就能检测出来。
本发明所述的 HPA型别检测分三个孔进行, 每个孔用于检测 6 种 HPA基因型别, 每个孔中所含引物 (即反应过程中使用所有的扩 增产物和延伸产物)及反应步骤和条件相同, 按实施例 1 中所述将 PCR体系加入 384孔板孔中, 混匀, 加入 DNA样品, 进行 PCR扩 增, 纯化, 延伸, 再次纯化, 然后进行质谱检测 (参见前述实施例 1 中所述的反应步骤和条件), 检测完成后分别对每个管进行质谱检测 和分析。
其中所有的引物峰和产物峰之间分子量差异不小于 9Da。 峰图报告 结果分为 4种: A:结果可靠 B:中度可靠 C:一般可靠 D:低度可靠。 前三种 视为该延伸反应有效, 第四种由于攻谱峰图基线不平而致, 视为该延伸 反应无效。 质语检测峰图结果如图 1-3中所示。
图 1为样本 HPA-5、 9w、 10w、 18w、 20w、 21w共计 6种 HPA抗 原的质语检测峰图。
图 2为样本 HPA-1、 2、 4、 8w、 16w、 17w共计 6种 HPA抗原的质 谱检测峰图。
图 3为样本 HPA-4、 6w、 7w、 llw、 13w、 15共计 6种 HPA抗 原的质谱检测峰图。 该样本峰图置信度高, 延伸产物的峰型清晰, 分 型结果明确。
Claims
1. 一种用于 HPA基因分型的方法, 包括:
(1)用一对或多对扩增引物对目的样品进行 PCR扩增, 其中所 述扩增引物是根据目标 HPA基因设计的;
(2)用一条或多条延伸引物对步骤(1)获得的扩增产物进行延 伸;
(3)对步骤(2)获得的延伸产物进行质谱检测, 从而确定样品 中的 HPA基因型别;
优选地, 其中所述延伸引物为选自 SEQIDNO: 37-54的寡核苷酸 序列;
优选地, 其中所述扩增引物为选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-36的寡核苷酸 序列, 优选地在所述寡核苷酸序列的 5,端添加标签, 更优选地所述标 签为 acg"ggatg。
2.权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中在进行步骤(2)之前对步骤(1) 的扩增产物进行纯化, 并且 /或者在进行步骤(3)之前对步骤(2) 的 延伸产物进行纯化, 优选地使用树脂进行纯化; 优选地, 其中所述盾 谱检测使用基质辅助激光解吸附 /电离飞行时间质谱系统; 优选地, 在进行步骤(2)之前, 对扩增产物进行处理以除去所述扩增产物中 含有的 dNTP,优选地使用 SAP酶进行处理;优选地,在进行步騍(2) 时, 使用 ddNTP进行延伸反应; 优选地, 步骤(2) 所得到的延伸产 物和所述的延伸引物之间分子量差异不小于 9D, 且各个型别的延伸 产物间的分子量差异不小于 30D。
3. 前述权利要求任一项所述的方法, 其中所述 HPA基因型别选 自 HPA-1、 HPA-2、 HPA-4、 HPA-5、 HPA-6w、 HPA-7w、 HPA-8w、 HPA-9 、 HPA-lOw. HPA-llw. HPA-13w. HPA-14w、 HPA-15、 HPA-16w、 HPA-17w、 HPA-18w、 HPA-20w和 HPA-21w。
4. 具有 SEQ ID NO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 54任一项所示序列的寡 核苷酸, 优选地其中具有 SEQIDNO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 36任一项寡 核苷酸的 5,端含有标签序列, 更优选地所述标签为 acgttggatg; 优选 地, 其中具有 SEQIDNO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 36任一项所示序列的寡 核苷酸成对使用。
5. SEQ ID NO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 36任一项所示序列的寡核苷酸 用于扩增反应的用途, 优选地所述 SEQ ID NO: 1至 SEQ ID NO: 36 任一项所示序列的寡核苷酸的 5,端含有标签序列, 更优选地所述标签 为 acgttggatg。
6. 具有 SEQ ID NO: 37至 SEQ ID NO: 54任一项所示序列的寡 核苷酸用于延伸反应的用途。
7. 一对或多对选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-36的扩增引物和一条或多条选 自选自 SEQ ID NO: 37-54的延伸引物用于制备试剂盒的用途,优选地 所述试剂盒用于 HPA基因分型检测, 优选地, 所述选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-3 的扩增引物的 5,端含有标签序列, 更优选地所述标签为 acgttggatg。
8. 一种试剂盒, 所述试剂盒包括: 一对或多对选自 SEQ ID NO: 1-36的扩增引物对,一条或多条选自选自 SEQ ID NO: 37-54的延伸引 物,以及 PCR试剂和扩增反应试剂,优选地还包括 SAP酶和 ddNTP; 优选地所述试剂盒用于检测目的样品的 HPA基因分型; 更优选地所 述目的样品选自血样, 优选的来自哺乳动物, 尤其是人。
9. 一种用于 HPA基因分型的方法, 包括对目的样品进行质谱检 测, 以确定样品中待检测的 HPA基因型别。
10. 质谱分析用于进行 HPA基因分型的用途。
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CN106222295A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2016-12-14 | 上海市血液中心 | 人血小板血型的多重pcr检测方法及试剂盒 |
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