WO2012070577A1 - 軟カプセル皮膜 - Google Patents
軟カプセル皮膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012070577A1 WO2012070577A1 PCT/JP2011/076915 JP2011076915W WO2012070577A1 WO 2012070577 A1 WO2012070577 A1 WO 2012070577A1 JP 2011076915 W JP2011076915 W JP 2011076915W WO 2012070577 A1 WO2012070577 A1 WO 2012070577A1
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- soft capsule
- carrageenan
- mass
- starch
- film
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4816—Wall or shell material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
- A61J3/07—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4833—Encapsulating processes; Filling of capsules
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a soft capsule film and a method for producing a soft capsule using the same.
- Soft capsules are used in a wide range of fields such as pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics.
- the most widely used soft capsule film base is gelatin, which is inexpensive and non-toxic, and exhibits excellent mechanical strength, film-forming ability, and the like.
- a film-forming composition comprising a modified starch such as carrageenan, sodium octenyl succinate added with corn syrup solids, a plasticizer, and water.
- Patent Document 1 Capsule skin composition containing carrageenan and dextrin (Patent Documents 2 and 3), acid-decomposed waxy corn starch, iota carrageenan and film forming composition for soft capsules containing plasticizer (Patent Document 4)
- Patent Document 5 A coating composition containing hydroxypropylated dextrin, oxidized starch, gelling agent, plasticizer and water (Patent Document 5) has been reported.
- soft capsule coatings require appropriate fluidity of the coating solution, good film formability, appropriate sheet strength / elongation / adhesiveness, etc. at the time of manufacture. Blocking resistance, elasticity, transparency and the like that prevent adhesion of the resin are required.
- the actual situation is that a plant-based film having such film performance as a whole has not yet been found.
- the present invention has been made in view of the conventional situation as described above, and has a good fluidity and film-forming property, and a vegetable soft capsule film and a method for producing soft capsules that provide excellent film performance. Relating to providing.
- the present inventor when carrageenan and oxidized starch or bleached starch are combined, has an appropriate fluidity in the coating liquid, good film formability, and excellent coating. We found that performance was obtained. Furthermore, when soft capsules are produced from such a coating solution using a rotary die type soft capsule filling machine, the coating sheet is heated in advance and encapsulated by pressure bonding of the coating sheet without heat sealing. We have found that quality soft capsules can be produced continuously for a long time, and have completed the present invention.
- a soft capsule film comprising (A) carrageenan, (B) oxidized starch and / or bleached starch, and (C) a plasticizer.
- the carrageenan is a mixture of iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan.
- the soft capsule film as described. 3.
- the content of iota carrageenan is 8 to 40% by mass in the total amount of solid components.
- the content of iota carrageenan is 10 to 30% by mass in the total amount of solid components.
- the soft capsule film as described. 5. 2.
- the content of iota carrageenan is 15 to 20% by mass in the total amount of solid components.
- the kappa carrageenan content is 0.1 to 0.8% by mass in the total amount of solid components. ⁇ 5.
- the kappa carrageenan content is 0.3 to 0.8 mass% in the total amount of solid components. ⁇ 5.
- the kappa carrageenan content is 0.4 to 0.7% by mass in the total amount of solid components. ⁇ 5.
- the content ratio of iota carrageenan to kappa carrageenan is 400: 1 to 10: 1. ⁇ 8.
- the mass ratio of iota carrageenan to kappa carrageenan is 133: 1 to 10: 1. ⁇ 8.
- the mass ratio of iota carrageenan to kappa carrageenan is 75: 1 to 21: 1. ⁇ 8.
- the content of oxidized starch and / or bleached starch is 60 to 90% by mass in the total amount of solid components. ⁇ 11.
- the content of oxidized starch and / or bleached starch is 70 to 80% by mass in the total amount of solid components.
- the above-mentioned 1. containing one or more standardized substances selected from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, maltose, lactose and dextrin.
- a method of manufacturing a soft capsule including a step of sending the pair of coating sheets between a pair of rotating molds, By heating to a temperature higher than room temperature while the pair of coating sheets reach a pair of rotating molds, the segment disposed on the upper part of the mold is heated to room temperature without heating.
- a method for producing a soft capsule comprising capsule-molding a film sheet by pressure bonding. 16. 15. The coating sheet is heated by heating the rotating drum to 30 to 80 ° C.
- the content of iota carrageenan is 15 to 20% by mass in the total amount of solid components.
- the kappa carrageenan content is 0.1 to 0.8% by mass in the total amount of solid components. 21.
- the kappa carrageenan content is 0.3 to 0.8% by mass in the total amount of solid components. 21.
- the kappa carrageenan content is 0.4 to 0.7% by mass in the total amount of solid components. 21.
- the mass ratio of iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan is 400: 1 to 10: 1. 24.
- the mass ratio of iota carrageenan to kappa carrageenan is 133: 1 to 10: 1. 24.
- the above 18. wherein the mass ratio of iota carrageenan to kappa carrageenan is 75: 1 to 21: 1. 24.
- the manufacturing method of the soft capsule in any one of. 28. (B)
- the content of the oxidized starch and / or bleached starch is 60 to 90% by mass in the total amount of the solid components. 27.
- the manufacturing method of the soft capsule in any one of. 29. (B) The above-mentioned 15., wherein the content of oxidized starch and / or bleached starch is 70 to 80% by mass in the total amount of solid components. 27. The manufacturing method of the soft capsule in any one of.
- soft capsules excellent in film performance such as blocking resistance, elasticity and transparency can be stably provided without using animal-derived gelatin.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a rotary die type soft capsule filling machine.
- Carrageenan used in the present invention is a kind of galactan having a sulfate group, and is known to exist in red algae.
- Carrageenans can be classified into three main types, iota carrageenan, kappa carrageenan, and lambda carrageenan, depending on the gelation characteristics and structure.
- the Japanese food additive regulations stipulate three types: “refined carrageenan”, “processed Yukema algae”, and “Yukema algae powder” (published by “Japan Food Additives Association” These are only different in the degree of purification, and are essentially all included in the carrageenan of the present invention.
- iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan are preferably used from the viewpoint of gelation ability, and a mixture of iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan is particularly preferable.
- Each carrageenan may be a pure product or may contain a standardized substance.
- a standardization substance 1 type, or 2 or more types selected from the group which consists of saccharides, such as sucrose, glucose, maltose, and lactose, and dextrin is mentioned. Sucrose and dextrin are preferred.
- As the dextrin acid-decomposed dextrin and enzyme-degraded dextrin are preferable.
- dextrin here is a different substance from maltodextrin ("degradation progressed more than dextrin" (Chemical Dictionary 8, page 897, Kyoritsu Shuppan)) and cyclic dextrin.
- a blend raw material in which iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan are mixed in advance can also be used.
- the content of iota carrageenan is preferably 8 to 40% by mass, more preferably 10 to 30% by mass, and particularly preferably 15 to 20% by mass in the total amount of solid components from the viewpoint of film strength and fluidity of the film solution. % Is preferred.
- the solid component refers to a film composition excluding purified water and a plasticizer.
- the content of kappa carrageenan is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.3% by mass or more in the total amount of solid components from the viewpoint of gelation strength, and the viewpoint of film strength (brittleness). To 0.8% by mass or less is preferable. More preferably, the content is 0.4 to 0.7% by mass.
- the mass ratio of iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan is 400: From a comprehensive viewpoint (film strength, fluidity of film solution, gel strength).
- 1 to 10: 1 (40: 0.1 to 8: 0.8) is preferred, 133: 1 to 10: 1 (40: 0.3 to 8: 0.8) is more preferred, especially 75: 1 to 21: 1 (30: 0.4 to 15: 0.7) is preferred.
- the (B) oxidized starch used in the present invention is a starch obtained by oxidizing starch with an oxidizing agent. It should be noted that self-modified starch obtained by reducing the viscosity of the starch by thermochemical treatment with an acid, an oxidizing agent, or the like is also included in the oxidized starch.
- the oxidized starch is preferably not subjected to chemical treatment other than oxidation treatment, for example, acid treatment, pregelatinization, etherification, acetylation or the like. As a result of examination, it has been found that starch subjected to acetylation is not suitable (Test Example 13 described later).
- the (B) bleached starch used in the present invention is a starch in which the color tone of the starch is adjusted by oxidizing other pigment components without chemically modifying the starch.
- each of oxidized starch and bleached starch may be used alone, or two or more of oxidized starch and bleached starch may be appropriately mixed and used.
- starch that is subjected to oxidation treatment or the like
- examples thereof include unmodified starches such as corn starch, waxy corn starch, tapioca starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, and wheat starch. Of these, a mixture of two or more starches may be oxidized.
- the oxidizing agent is not particularly limited.
- alkali metal hypochlorite such as sodium hypochlorite
- alkaline earth metal hypochlorite such as calcium hypochlorite
- sodium chlorite examples include alkali metal chlorites such as potassium chlorate; alkaline earth metal chlorites such as barium chlorite.
- the content of (B) oxidized starch and / or bleached starch is preferably 90% by mass or less in the total amount of solid components and 60% by mass or more in terms of adhesive strength, from the viewpoint of film sheet strength. More preferable is 80 mass%.
- the (C) plasticizer used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol. Of these, glycerin is preferable. From the viewpoint of flexibility, the plasticizer in the soft capsule film is preferably contained in an amount of 30 to 60 parts by mass, particularly 40 to 50 parts by mass, with the total amount of solid components being 100 parts by mass.
- various additives used for the capsule film for example, natural dyes, synthetic dyes, shading agents, various sweeteners and other flavoring agents, preservatives, stabilizers, A water activity reducing agent, a pH adjusting agent, etc. can be mix
- the soft capsule film of the present invention may contain, as needed, gelling agents other than carrageenan such as sodium alginate, pullulan, glucomannan, gum arabic, and fercellan; unmodified starch, modified starch, starch degradation product, etc.
- gelling agents other than carrageenan such as sodium alginate, pullulan, glucomannan, gum arabic, and fercellan
- unmodified starch modified starch, starch degradation product, etc.
- Oxidized starch and starches other than bleached starch can be included, but considering the physical properties of the film and the quality of the soft capsule, the content of gelling agents other than carrageenan and starches other than oxidized starch and bleached starch are preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0% by mass in the total amount of solid components.
- the soft capsule film can be produced according to a conventional method.
- carrageenan, oxidized starch and / or bleached starch, plasticizer, and if necessary, various additives may be stirred and dispersed in water, stirred and dissolved at 90 to 98 ° C., and then vacuum degassed.
- the pH of the coating solution (100-fold diluted solution, 70 ° C.) is preferably 6.0 to 8.0.
- a soft capsule can be obtained by forming such a soft capsule film into a predetermined shape and drying it.
- the soft capsule can be produced, for example, by a conventionally used method for producing a soft capsule, for example, a punching method using a rotary die type soft capsule filling machine, a flat plate method, or the like. Especially, it is preferable to manufacture by a rotary die type from the point of industrial productivity.
- the rotary die type soft capsule filling machine is a method of punching two coated sheets formed by spreading a soft capsule coating solution on a rotating drum into a capsule shape with a pair of rotating molds (die rolls). Molding and filling of the capsule contents are performed simultaneously.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a rotary die type soft capsule filling machine used in the present invention.
- the rotary die type soft capsule filling machine 10 mainly includes a rotating drum 13, a pair of rotating molds (die rolls) 16, and a segment 17.
- the soft capsule coating solution is supplied from the tank 11 and spread on the rotating drum 13 by the casting device 12 to form the coating sheet A.
- a pair of coating sheets A are formed.
- the pair of coating sheets A is fed between a pair of rotating molds (die rolls) 16 via a lubricating roller 14 and a deflecting roll 15, and on the other hand, a piston of a pump 18 interlocked with the mold (die roll) 16.
- Capsule contents B which 18A is pumped are press-fitted between coating sheets A which are sandwiched between molds (die rolls) 16 and meet each other.
- the coating sheet A is provided with a recess by the recess 16A of the mold (die roll) 16, and is pressed around the recess by the periphery of the recess 16A.
- the capsule content B is pressed into the indentation.
- the recess is completely closed by the periphery of the recess 16 ⁇ / b> A to form a soft capsule, and the soft capsule C is punched out by pressure cutting of the die (die roll) 16.
- the soft capsule coating solution is spread on a pair of cooled rotating drums to form a pair of sheets, and at the time of capsule formation, the soft capsule coating liquid is disposed on top of a pair of rotating molds (die rolls) 16.
- the pair of coated sheets is heated to a temperature required for bonding (usually 40 ° C. or higher) by the segment 17, and a soft capsule having a completely bonded surface is formed by the pressure of the die roll and heat sealing.
- the pair of film sheets is heated to a temperature higher than room temperature, for example, 30 to 80 ° C., preferably After heating to 40 to 75 ° C., it is preferably sent between a pair of rotating molds (die rolls) and the film is capsule-formed by pressure bonding at room temperature (22 to 28 ° C.) without heating the segments. .
- room temperature 22 to 28 ° C.
- the coating sheet is heated by, for example, a method of heating the rotating drum to 30 to 80 ° C., preferably 40 to 75 ° C., and a heating device such as blowing an infrared heater or hot air between the rotating drum and the mold. It is performed by the method of heating.
- the coating sheet should just be heated to temperature higher than normal temperature from shaping
- the soft capsule of the present invention can be used for various uses such as pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, foods, and cosmetics, and the composition of the capsule contents is appropriately determined according to the use.
- the content may be in the form of a solution, a suspension, a paste, a powder, a granule or the like.
- a soft capsule is packaged and preserve
- Iota carrageenan CP Kerco's standardized substance (sucrose) added at 20% by mass. * Kappa carrageenan: 100% by mass manufactured by Mitsubishi Corporation Foodtech. Oxidized starch: “Stabilose” manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd., carboxy group content of 0.8% by mass or less Glycerin: Food additive grade manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. * Each of “Iota Carrageenan” described in the prescription column of each test example The prescription amount described is the amount not containing the standardized substance.
- Example 1 Production of soft capsules by flat plate method
- Production method A The gelling agent, starch, and glycerin in the amounts (parts by mass) shown in Table 1 were each stirred and dispersed in water, then dissolved with stirring at 90 to 95 ° C., and vacuum degassed.
- the coating solution is spread evenly on a stainless steel plate to a thickness of about 1 mm using a thin-layer chromatographic applicator and cooled at about 15 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a film-like coating sheet. It was. (At this stage, the following [a. Evaluation of strength of coating sheet] [b. Evaluation of elongation of coating sheet] was performed.
- the obtained coated sheet was encapsulated using a flat simple capsule device while the mold was warmed to form soft capsules (Test Examples 1 to 6). (At this stage, [c. Evaluation of Adhesiveness of Film Sheet Immediately after Capsule Molding] was performed.)
- this soft capsule was stored in a desiccator adjusted to a relative humidity of 20% or less for 24 hours to obtain a dry soft capsule. (At this stage, [d. Evaluation of elasticity of capsule after drying], [e. Evaluation of adhesion of capsule after drying] and [f. Evaluation of transparency of capsule after drying] were performed. ) In this test, it is assumed that the coating sheet is cooled on the rotating drum and heating is performed in the segments, as in the conventional case.
- this soft capsule was stored in a desiccator adjusted to a relative humidity of 20% or less for 24 hours to obtain a dry soft capsule. (At this stage, [d. Evaluation of elasticity of capsule after drying], [e. Evaluation of adhesion of capsule after drying] and [f. Evaluation of transparency of capsule after drying] were performed. ) In this test, it is assumed that the coating sheet is heated on the rotating drum and that the segment is performed at room temperature.
- the soft capsule film of the present invention was excellent in film performance and was able to obtain soft capsules with good quality (Test Examples 1 and 2).
- Test Examples 3 to 6 using starch other than oxidized starch and Test Example 7 using native gellan gum as a gelling agent the physical properties of the film were difficult, and the elasticity and adhesion after encapsulation were poor. .
- Example 2 Production of Soft Capsule by Rotary Die Type Soft Capsule Filling Machine (1) After stirring and dispersing each amount of carrageenan, starch and glycerin shown in Table 2 in water, at 90 to 98 ° C. It was dissolved with stirring and degassed in vacuo. Soft capsules were produced from this coating solution using a rotary die type soft capsule filling machine 10 shown in FIG. First, the coating liquid was spread on a rotating drum at 45 ° C. by a casting apparatus to prepare a coating sheet. The temperature of the film sheet at this time was 45 ° C. The physical properties (strength, elongation, adhesion) of each coating sheet were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- membrane of this invention was excellent in film
- Test Examples 9-11 and 16 using unmodified starch and the like the viscosity of the coating liquid was high, the mechanical strength was insufficient, and encapsulation was not possible.
- Test Example 13 using acetylated oxidized starch the pH of the coating solution was low and could not be encapsulated.
- Test Examples 12, 14-15, and 17-18 using acid-treated waxy corn starch and the like there is particularly difficulty in the elongation and adhesion of the film, and the elasticity and adhesion after encapsulation are inferior. It was not enough.
- Example 3 (1) In the same manner as in Example 2, a coating solution was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 3, and then a coating sheet was prepared using a rotary die type soft capsule filling machine 10. The physical properties (strength, elongation, adhesion) of each coating sheet were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 Soft capsules were continuously produced for 120 minutes from the obtained two coated sheets in the same manner as in Example 2 (Test Examples 20 to 25). The temperature of the coating sheet near the rotating mold was about 29 ° C. The elasticity, adhesion, and transparency of the soft capsule were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the soft capsule film of the present invention was excellent in film performance and was able to obtain a soft capsule with good quality (Test Examples 19-24). Further, it was confirmed that no problem occurred even in continuous operation for 120 minutes, and that soft capsules could be stably produced for a long time.
- Example 4 The following materials were used. Iota carrageenan: CP Kerco's standardized substance (sucrose) added at 40% by mass. * ⁇ : MSC standardized substance (dextrin) 40% by mass added product. * Kappa carrageenan: 100% by mass manufactured by Mitsubishi Corporation Foodtech. Oxidized starch: “Stabilose” manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd., carboxy group content of 0.8% by mass or less Glycerin: Food additive grade manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. * Each of “Iota Carrageenan” described in the prescription column of each test example The prescription amount described is the amount not containing the standardized substance.
- Example 1 (1) In the same manner as in Production Method B of Example 1, a film solution was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 4 to obtain a film-shaped film sheet. The physical properties (strength and elongation) of each coating sheet were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the soft capsule film of the present invention was excellent in film performance and was able to obtain soft capsules of good quality (Test Examples 25, 26, 31 to 32).
- Test Example 27 using unmodified starch, the viscosity of the coating liquid was high, the mechanical strength was insufficient, and encapsulation was not possible.
- Test Examples 28 to 30 using acid-treated waxy corn starch or the like, it was particularly difficult to stretch the film, and the quality of the soft capsule was not sufficient.
- Rotary die type soft capsule filling machine 10
- Tank 11 Casting device 12
- Rotating drum 13 Lubrication roller 14
- Deflection roll 15 A pair of rotating molds (die rolls) 16 Mold (die roll) recess 16A Segment 17
- Soft capsule C Soft capsule C
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Abstract
Description
そこで、植物由来の基剤を用いたカプセル皮膜について様々な研究がなされ、例えば、カラギーナン、コーンシロップ固形分が添加された澱粉オクテニルコハク酸ナトリウム等の化工澱粉、可塑剤及び水を含む膜形成組成物(特許文献1)、カラギーナンとデキストリン類を含むカプセル剤皮組成物(特許文献2、3)、酸分解ワキシコーンスターチ、イオタカラギーナン及び可塑剤を含むソフトカプセル用フィルム形成組成物(特許文献4)、ヒドロキシプロピル化デキストリン、酸化澱粉、ゲル化剤、可塑剤及び水を含む皮膜用組成物(特許文献5)等が報告されている。
しかしながら、このような皮膜性能を総合的に備えた植物性の皮膜は未だ見出されていないのが実状であった。
1.(A)カラギーナン、(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉、並びに(C)可塑剤を含有することを特徴とする軟カプセル皮膜。
2.(A)カラギーナンが、イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの混合物である上記1.記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
3.イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中8~40質量%である上記2.記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
4.イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中10~30質量%である上記2.記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
5.イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中15~20質量%である上記2.記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
6.カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.1~0.8質量%である上記2.~5.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
7.カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.3~0.8質量%である上記2.~5.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
8.カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.4~0.7質量%である上記2.~5.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
9.イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が400:1~10:1である上記2.~8.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
10.イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が133:1~10:1である上記2.~8.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
11.イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が75:1~21:1である上記2.~8.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
12.(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉の含有量が、固形成分の合計量中60~90質量%である上記1.~11.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
13.(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉の含有量が、固形成分の合計量中70~80質量%である上記1.~11.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
14.さらに、ショ糖、ブドウ糖、マルトース、乳糖及びデキストリンからなる群から選ばれた1種又は2種以上の標準化物質を含む、上記1.~13.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
15.(A)カラギーナン、(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉、並びに(C)可塑剤を含有する軟カプセル皮膜液を調製する工程と、
前記軟カプセル皮膜液を一対の回転ドラム上に展延することにより一対の皮膜シートを成形する工程と、
前記一対の皮膜シートを一対の回転する金型の間に送る工程と
を含む軟カプセルの製造方法であって、
前記一対の皮膜シートが一対の回転する金型に至るまでの間に、常温よりも高い温度に加熱されることにより、該金型の上部に配置されているセグメントを加熱せずに常温として該皮膜シートを圧着によりカプセル成形することを特徴とする軟カプセルの製造方法。
16.皮膜シートの加熱が、回転ドラムを30~80℃に加熱することにより行われる上記15.記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
17.皮膜シートの加熱が、回転ドラムを40~75℃に加熱することにより行われる上記15.記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
18.(A)カラギーナンが、イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの混合物である上記15.~17.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
19.イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中8~40質量%である上記18.記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
20.イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中10~30質量%である上記18.記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
21.イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中15~20質量%である上記18.記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
22.カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.1~0.8質量%である上記18.~21.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
23.カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.3~0.8質量%である上記18.~21.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
24.カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.4~0.7質量%である上記18.~21.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
25.イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が400:1~10:1である上記18.~24.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
26.イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が133:1~10:1である上記18.~24.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
27.イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が75:1~21:1である上記上記18.~24.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
28.(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉の含有量が、固形成分の合計量中60~90質量%である上記15.~27.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
29.(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉の含有量が、固形成分の合計量中70~80質量%である上記15.~27.のいずれかに記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
本発明においては、ゲル化能の点から、イオタカラギーナン、カッパカラギーナンを用いるのが好ましく、特にイオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの混合物を用いるのが好ましい。なお、カラギーナンは、それぞれ純粋品でもよいし、標準化物質を含んだものも利用することができる。ここで、標準化物質としては、ショ糖、ブドウ糖、マルトース、乳糖等の糖類及びデキストリンからなる群から選ばれた1種又は2種以上が挙げられる。好ましくはショ糖、デキストリンである。デキストリンとしては、酸分解デキストリンと酵素分解デキストリンが好ましい。なお、ここにいうデキストリンは、マルトデキストリン(「デキストリンより分解の進んだ」(化学大辞典8、897頁、共立出版社))、環状デキストリンとは、異なる物質である。
また、イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンを、あらかじめ混合してあるブレンド原料も利用可能である。
また、カッパカラギーナンの含有量は、ゲル化強度の点から、固形成分の合計量中、0.1質量%以上が好ましく、更に0.3質量%以上が好ましく、皮膜強度(脆弱性)の観点から0.8質量%以下が好ましい。より好ましくは0.4~0.7質量%である。
酸化澱粉は、酸化処理以外の化工処理、例えば、酸処理、アルファ化、エーテル化、アセチル化等を行っていないものが好ましい。アセチル化の化工を施した澱粉は検討の結果適当でないことが判明している(後述の試験例13)。
本発明において、酸化澱粉と漂白澱粉は、それぞれ1種を用いてもよく、酸化澱粉及び漂白澱粉のなかから適宜2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
軟カプセル皮膜における可塑剤は、柔軟性の点から、固形成分の合計量を100質量部として、30~60質量部、特に40~50質量部含有するのが好ましい。
皮膜液のpH(100倍希釈液、70℃)は、6.0~8.0が好ましい。
先ず、タンク11から軟カプセル皮膜液が供給され、キャスティング装置12により回転ドラム13上に展延されて皮膜シートAが成形される。同様に、一対の皮膜シートAが成形される。
一対の皮膜シートAは、潤滑ローラー14、デフレクトロール15を経由して一対の回転する金型(ダイロール)16の間に送り込まれ、他方、金型(ダイロール)16と連動するポンプ18のピストン18Aが圧送するカプセル内容物Bが、金型(ダイロール)16に挟まれて互いに会合する皮膜シートAの間に圧入される。皮膜シートAは、金型(ダイロール)16の凹部16Aによりくぼみを付与されるとともに、凹部16Aの周辺によりくぼみの周囲を圧着される。皮膜シートAのくぼみが完全に閉じられる直前に、カプセル内容物Bがそのくぼみに圧入される。次いで、凹部16Aの周辺によってそのくぼみが完全に閉じられて軟カプセルの形状となり、金型(ダイロール)16の圧切により軟カプセルCの打ち抜きが行なわれる。
そして、軟カプセルは、瓶詰め包装、PTP包装、パウチ等の包装形態で包装されて保存され、流通する。
イオタカラギーナン:CPケルコ社製の標準化物質(ショ糖)20質量%添加品。※
カッパカラギーナン:三菱商事フードテック社製の100質量%品。
酸化澱粉:松谷化学工業社製「スタビローズ」、カルボキシ基含量0.8質量%以下
グリセリン:阪本薬品工業社製、食品添加物グレード
※各試験例の処方欄に記載の「イオタカラギーナン」の各処方量は、標準化物質を含まない量を記載した。
(1)製法A
表1に示した量(質量部)のゲル化剤、澱粉、グリセリンをそれぞれ水に攪拌・分散させた後、90~95℃で攪拌しながら溶解させ、真空脱泡した。この皮膜液を、薄層クロマトグラフ用アプリケータを用いてステンレス板上に約1mmの厚さになるように均一に押し広げて、約15℃で2分間冷却した後フィルム状の皮膜シートを得た。(この段階で、下記〔a.皮膜シートの強度の評価〕〔b.皮膜シートの伸びの評価〕を行った。)
得られた皮膜シートを、平板式簡易カプセル装置を用い、型を温めた状態でカプセル化操作を行い、軟カプセルを成形した(試験例1~6)。(この段階で、〔c.カプセル成形直後の皮膜シートの接着性の評価〕を行った。)
このテストでは、従来と同様、回転ドラム上では皮膜シートを冷却し、セグメントにおいて加熱を伴う場合を想定したものである。
表1に示した量(質量部)のゲル化剤、澱粉、グリセリンをそれぞれ水に攪拌・分散させた後、90~95℃で攪拌しながら溶解させ、真空脱泡した。この皮膜液を、薄層クロマトグラフ用アプリケータを用いてステンレス板上に約1mmの厚さになるように均一に押し広げて、約60℃で2分間加温した後フィルム状の皮膜シートを得た。(この段階で、下記〔a.皮膜シートの強度の評価〕〔b.皮膜シートの伸びの評価〕を行った。)
得られた皮膜シートを、平板式簡易カプセル装置を用い、型を温めず常温でカプセル化操作を行い、軟カプセルを成形した(試験例7)。(この段階で、〔c.カプセル成形直後の皮膜シートの接着性の評価〕を行った。)
このテストでは、回転ドラム上では皮膜シートを加熱し、セグメントにおいては常温で行う場合を想定したものである。
専門パネル5名の感覚により、以下に示す評価基準に従って、皮膜シートの強度を評価した。
5:とても強い
4:強い
3:やや強い
2:弱い
1:とても弱い。
〔b.皮膜シートの伸びの評価〕
専門パネル5名の感覚により、皮膜シートの強度の評価時に同時に、以下に示す評価基準に従って、皮膜シートの伸びを評価した。
5:とても伸びて、弾力性がある
4:伸びて、弾力性がある
3:伸びはあるが、弾力性がやや弱い
2:ほとんど伸びがなく、弾力性が弱い
1:伸びがなく、弾力性がない
後述する製法Aまたは製法Bによりカプセル化を行い、専門パネル5名で乾燥前のカプセルを指で押しつぶして、以下に示す評価基準に従って、カプセル成形直後の皮膜シートの接着性を評価した。
5:強く押しても内容液が全く漏れ出さないし、24時間静置してもすべてのカプセルに浸出が発生しない
4:強く押しても内容液は漏れ出さないが、24時間静置すると一部のカプセルに浸出が発生する
3:強く押すとごく少量の内容液が漏れてしまう
2:弱く押しても少量の内容液が漏れてしまう
1:弱く押しても内容液が漏れてしまう
専門パネル5名でカプセルを指で押した際の変形を観察し、以下に示す評価基準に従って、カプセルの弾力性を評価した。
5:変形しないか、少し変形してもすぐに元の形に戻る
4:押すと少し変形するが、しばらく置けば元の形に戻る
3:押すと変形し、元の形に戻るのに時間がかかる
2:押すと変形し、殆ど元に戻らない
1:押したら変形したまま元に戻らない
専門パネル5名でカプセルをガラス瓶に入れ、逆さにして落下するかどうか観察し、以下に示す評価基準に従って、カプセルの付着性を評価した。
5:ガラス瓶を逆さにするだけで、カプセルがパラパラと落ちる
4:ガラス瓶を逆さにして軽く振ると、カプセルが落ちる
3:ガラス瓶を逆さにして軽くたたくと、カプセルが落ちる
2:ガラス瓶を逆さにしてたたきつけると、ようやくカプセルが落ちる
1:ガラス瓶にカプセルが強固にはりついている
専門パネル5名で目視にて、以下に示す評価基準に従って、カプセルの透明性を評価した。
5:ゼラチン皮膜と同等
4:ゼラチン皮膜と殆ど同等
3:ゼラチン皮膜よりやや劣る
2:刷りガラスに近い
1:刷りガラスと同等
(1)表2に示した量(質量部)のカラギーナン、澱粉、グリセリンをそれぞれ水に攪拌・分散させた後、90~98℃で攪拌しながら溶解させ、真空脱泡した。この皮膜液から、図1に示すロータリーダイ式軟カプセル充填機10を用いて軟カプセルを製造した。先ず、皮膜液をキャスティング装置により、45℃の回転ドラム上に展延して皮膜シートを調製した。この時の皮膜シートの温度は45℃であった。
各皮膜シートの物性(強度、伸び、接着)について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。
結果を表2に示す。
酸処理ワキシーコーンスターチ等を用いた試験例12,14-15,17-18では、特に皮膜の伸びと接着に難があり、カプセル化後の弾力性、付着性も劣り、軟カプセルの品質としては十分なものではなかった。
(1)実施例2と同様にして、表3に示す処方で皮膜液を調製し、次いでロータリーダイ式軟カプセル充填機10を用いて皮膜シートを調製した。各皮膜シートの物性(強度、伸び、接着)について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。
結果を表3に示す。
原料は下記のものを使用した。
イオタカラギーナン:CPケルコ社製の標準化物質(ショ糖)40質量%添加品。※
〃 :MSC社製標準化物質(デキストリン)40質量%添加品。※
カッパカラギーナン:三菱商事フードテック社製の100質量%品。
酸化澱粉:松谷化学工業社製「スタビローズ」、カルボキシ基含量0.8質量%以下
グリセリン:阪本薬品工業社製、食品添加物グレード
※各試験例の処方欄に記載の「イオタカラギーナン」の各処方量は、標準化物質を含まない量を記載した。
(1)実施例1の製法Bと同様にして、表4に示す処方で皮膜液を調製し、フィルム状の皮膜シートを得た。各皮膜シートの物性(強度、伸び)について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。
結果を表4に示す。
タンク11
キャスティング装置12
回転ドラム13
潤滑ローラー14
デフレクトロール15
一対の回転する金型(ダイロール)16
金型(ダイロール)の凹部16A
セグメント17
ポンプ18
ピストン18A
皮膜シートA
カプセル内容物B
軟カプセルC
Claims (14)
- (A)カラギーナン、(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉、並びに(C)可塑剤を含有することを特徴とする軟カプセル皮膜。
- (A)カラギーナンが、イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの混合物である請求項1記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
- イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中8~40質量%である請求項2記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
- カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.1~0.8質量%である請求項2記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
- イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が400:1~10:1である請求項2~4のいずれか1項記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
- (B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉の含有量が、固形成分の合計量中60~90質量%である請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
- さらに、ショ糖、ブドウ糖、マルトース、乳糖及びデキストリンからなる群から選ばれた1種又は2種以上の標準化物質を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載の軟カプセル皮膜。
- (A)カラギーナン、(B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉、並びに(C)可塑剤を含有する軟カプセル皮膜液を調製する工程と、
前記軟カプセル皮膜液を一対の回転ドラム上に展延することにより一対の皮膜シートを成形する工程と、
前記一対の皮膜シートを一対の回転する金型の間に送る工程と
を含む軟カプセルの製造方法であって、
前記一対の皮膜シートが一対の回転する金型に至るまでの間に、常温よりも高い温度に加熱されることにより、該金型の上部に配置されているセグメントを加熱せずに常温として該皮膜シートを圧着によりカプセル成形することを特徴とする軟カプセルの製造方法。 - 皮膜シートの加熱が、回転ドラムを30~80℃に加熱することにより行われる請求項8記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
- (A)カラギーナンが、イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの混合物である請求項8又は9記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
- イオタカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中8~40質量%である請求項10記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
- カッパカラギーナンの含有量が、固形成分の合計量中0.1~0.8質量%である請求項10記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
- イオタカラギーナンとカッパカラギーナンの含有質量比が400:1~10:1である請求項10~12のいずれか1項記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
- (B)酸化澱粉及び/又は漂白澱粉の含有量が、固形成分の合計量中60~90質量%である請求項8~13のいずれか1項記載の軟カプセルの製造方法。
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CN104161214A (zh) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-11-26 | 上海新农饲料股份有限公司 | 一种耐高温储运乳猪颗粒状饲料及其制备方法 |
US20150119472A1 (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2015-04-30 | Zhongshan Capsule Starch Material Technology Co., Ltd. | Mixing and extruding method for preparing starch softgel capsules |
JP2017105767A (ja) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-15 | 大正製薬株式会社 | カプセル組成物 |
CN107072958A (zh) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-08-18 | 科丝美诗生物有限公司 | 不包含化学金属盐的植物性软胶囊组合物 |
CN111759737A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 微容器及其高速充填系统及方法 |
JP2021510154A (ja) * | 2018-01-10 | 2021-04-15 | シーピー ケルコ エイピーエス | フィルムおよびカプセル用のカラギーナンベースの組成物 |
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KR101843965B1 (ko) | 2016-02-29 | 2018-03-30 | 농업회사법인(주)강림오가닉 | 글리세린과 정제수로 카라기난 및 변성 전분을 용해시켜 식물성 연질 캡슐을 제조하는 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 식물성 연질 캡슐 |
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CN111759737A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 微容器及其高速充填系统及方法 |
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