WO2012066778A1 - 光照射装置及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置並びに画像表示装置 - Google Patents
光照射装置及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置並びに画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012066778A1 WO2012066778A1 PCT/JP2011/006385 JP2011006385W WO2012066778A1 WO 2012066778 A1 WO2012066778 A1 WO 2012066778A1 JP 2011006385 W JP2011006385 W JP 2011006385W WO 2012066778 A1 WO2012066778 A1 WO 2012066778A1
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- light
- liquid crystal
- polarization
- polarization modulation
- display device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/33—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving directional light or back-light sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
- H04N13/32—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/366—Image reproducers using viewer tracking
- H04N13/376—Image reproducers using viewer tracking for tracking left-right translational head movements, i.e. lateral movements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2213/00—Details of stereoscopic systems
- H04N2213/001—Constructional or mechanical details
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light irradiation device, a liquid crystal display device using the same, and an image display device that can be used as, for example, a 3D liquid crystal display device and a privacy display.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel as a spatial modulation element, and a light irradiation device (backlight) that emits light toward the back surface of the liquid crystal panel.
- An image is formed on the liquid crystal panel by spatially modulating the light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel.
- 3D liquid crystal display device capable of displaying a 3D (Three Dimensions) image is underway in order to improve the presence of the image displayed on the liquid crystal display device.
- a viewer can visually recognize a 3D image by giving different images to the left and right eyes of the viewer to give parallax.
- a glasses-type 3D liquid crystal display device in which a viewer can visually recognize a 3D image by putting on dedicated glasses having a special optical action.
- this glasses-type 3D liquid crystal display device it is not convenient because the viewer has the trouble of wearing glasses. Therefore, in recent years, a naked-eye type 3D liquid crystal display device capable of visually recognizing a 3D image without wearing glasses has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- a right light source and a left light source are respectively disposed on both side surfaces of a light guide plate having a special shape.
- the right light source and the left light source are alternately turned on.
- the right light source is turned on, the light from the right light source is incident on one side of the light guide plate, and the light emitted from the light guide plate is collected in the right eye of the viewer.
- the left light source is turned on, the light from the left light source is incident on the other side of the light guide plate, and the light emitted from the light guide plate is collected in the left eye of the viewer.
- this principle can also be applied to, for example, a privacy display that prevents a third party from peeping at a display image.
- the positions of both eyes of the viewer need to be fixed at predetermined positions.
- the light from the light guide plate is not condensed on both eyes of the viewer, and thus the viewer cannot visually recognize the 3D image. Therefore, for example, in a tablet-type 3D liquid crystal display device, there is a restriction that a viewer cannot greatly move the position of the head with respect to the 3D liquid crystal display device.
- the viewer may not be aware that the position of both eyes has deviated from the predetermined position, and may not be able to correctly view the 3D image.
- the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a light irradiation device capable of enlarging a viewing area where a 3D image or the like can be visually recognized, and a liquid crystal display device using the same. is there. Another object of the present invention is to provide an image display device that can prompt the viewer to return the positions of both eyes of the viewer to an appropriate viewing zone.
- one aspect of the light irradiation device of the present invention is a light irradiation device used in a liquid crystal display device that alternately condenses light at a viewer's right eye position and left eye position, and emits light.
- the optical deflector follows the movement of the viewer, and the predetermined condensing point in the first condensing state and the predetermined condensing point in the second condensing state are followed. Each light spot can be modulated.
- the optical deflector follows the movement of the viewer and modulates the predetermined condensing point in the first condensing state and the predetermined condensing point in the second condensing state, respectively.
- the planar illuminator emits single-polarized light and can switch the polarization characteristics of the single-polarized light, and the light from the light source. Is incident from one side surface, and a light guide plate from which light is emitted from a main surface orthogonal to the one side surface, and by switching the polarization characteristics of single polarized light by the light source, the planar illumination body It is preferable that the direction of light emitted from the main surface of the light guide plate can be switched.
- the planar illuminator can switch the direction of the light emitted from the main surface of the light guide plate by switching the polarization characteristics of the single polarized light by the light source. Thereby, switching of the direction of the light by a planar illumination body can be performed easily.
- the planar illumination body is further provided on the light emission side of the light guide plate and on the light emission side of the polarization modulation plate.
- a polarization filter that reflects polarized light in a predetermined direction out of the light from the polarization modulation plate, and a prism sheet provided on the light emission side of the polarization filter, the polarization modulation plate comprising: A polarization modulation cell that functions as a wave plate for modulating the polarization characteristics of the light, and a non-polarization modulation cell that does not modulate the polarization characteristics of the light, wherein the prism sheet has a first position corresponding to the polarization modulation cell, and In the second position corresponding to the non-polarization modulation cell, the polarization direction of transmitted light is different, and the polarization characteristics of single polarized light are switched by the light source, whereby the planar illumination is Body before A first state in which light from a non-polarization modulation cell is
- the planar illumination body can be switched between the first state and the second state by switching the polarization characteristics of single polarized light by the light source. Thereby, switching of the direction of the light by a planar illumination body can be performed easily.
- One aspect of the light irradiation device of the present invention is a light irradiation device used in a liquid crystal display device that condenses light alternately at a right eye position and a left eye position of a viewer, and a planar illumination body that emits light, An optical deflector that deflects light from the planar illuminator two-dimensionally; and a Fresnel lens or a prism sheet that condenses incident light at a predetermined condensing point.
- a first condensing state in which the predetermined condensing point is the viewer's right eye position and a second condensing state in which the predetermined condensing point is the viewer's left eye position can be switched alternately.
- the optical deflector can alternately switch a predetermined condensing point between the first condensing state and the second condensing state by switching the light deflection angle.
- a 3D image can be displayed.
- the Fresnel lens or the prism sheet is provided, the light deflection angle in the vicinity of both end portions of the optical deflector can be reduced.
- the optical deflector further follows the movement of the viewer, and the predetermined condensing point and the second condensing point in the first condensing state. It is preferable that each of the predetermined condensing points in the light state can be modulated.
- the predetermined condensing point in the first condensing state and the predetermined condensing point in the second condensing state can be respectively modulated following the movement of the viewer.
- One aspect of the light irradiation apparatus of the present invention includes a planar illumination body that emits light, and an optical deflector that deflects light from the planar illumination body two-dimensionally, and the planar illumination body includes: A light source that emits single-polarized light and is capable of switching the polarization characteristics of the single-polarized light, and light from the light source is incident from one side surface and light from a main surface orthogonal to the one side surface A light guide plate that emits light, a polarization modulation plate provided on the light emission side of the light guide plate, a polarization filter provided on the light emission side of the polarization modulation plate and reflecting polarized light in a predetermined direction, A polarizing plate provided on the light emission side of the polarizing filter, the polarization modulating plate being a polarization modulation cell that functions as a wave plate for modulating the polarization characteristics of the light, and a non-modulating light polarization characteristic.
- a polarization modulation cell, and the diffusion plate diffuses light and diffuses light.
- a non-diffusing region wherein the diffusing region is disposed corresponding to the polarization-modulating cell, the non-diffusing region is disposed corresponding to the non-polarizing-modulating cell, and is single-polarized by the light source.
- the light from the non-polarization modulation cell is reflected by the polarization filter, and the light from the polarization modulation cell passes through the polarization filter and Light diffusion state incident on the diffusion region, light from the polarization modulation cell is reflected by the polarization filter, and light from the non-polarization modulation cell passes through the polarization filter and enters the non-diffusion region. It is possible to switch to a non-light diffusion state.
- the planar illumination body can be switched between the light diffusing state and the non-light diffusing state by switching the polarization characteristics of the single polarized light by the light source.
- the liquid crystal display device can be used as a 3D liquid crystal display device or a privacy display.
- the liquid crystal display device can be used as a 2D liquid crystal display device.
- One aspect of the light irradiation apparatus of the present invention includes a planar illumination body that emits light, and an optical deflector that deflects light from the planar illumination body two-dimensionally, and the planar illumination body includes: A light source that emits single-polarized light and is capable of switching the polarization characteristics of the single-polarized light, and light from the light source is incident from one side surface and light from a main surface orthogonal to the one side surface A light guide plate that emits light, a polarization modulation plate provided on the light emission side of the light guide plate, a polarization filter provided on the light emission side of the polarization modulation plate and reflecting polarized light in a predetermined direction, A polarizing plate provided on the light emission side of the polarizing filter, the polarization modulating plate being a polarization modulation cell that functions as a wave plate for modulating the polarization characteristics of the light, and a non-modulating light polarization characteristic.
- a polarization modulation cell, and the diffusion plate diffuses light and diffuses light.
- a non-diffusing region wherein the diffusing region is disposed corresponding to the non-polarization modulating cell, the non-diffusing region is disposed corresponding to the polarization modulating cell, and is monopolarized by the light source.
- the light diffusion state incident on the diffusion region and the light from the non-polarization modulation cell are reflected by the polarization filter, and the light from the polarization modulation cell passes through the polarization filter and enters the non-diffusion region. It is possible to switch to a non-light diffusion state.
- the planar illumination body can be switched between the light diffusing state and the non-light diffusing state by switching the polarization characteristics of the single polarized light by the light source.
- the liquid crystal display device can be used as a 3D liquid crystal display device or a privacy display.
- the liquid crystal display device can be used as a 2D liquid crystal display device.
- the optical deflector is composed of a liquid crystal deflecting element capable of switching a light deflection direction, and a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal deflecting element to It is preferable that the deflection direction of the light incident on the liquid crystal deflecting element is switched by modulating the refractive index.
- the light deflection direction in the optical deflector can be easily switched.
- An aspect of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes the light irradiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a liquid crystal panel disposed on a light emission side of the light irradiation device, The liquid crystal panel is irradiated with light emitted from the light irradiation device.
- the viewer can continue to view the 3D image or the like. Thereby, it is possible to enlarge a viewing area in which a 3D image or the like can be visually recognized.
- the liquid crystal panel may include a plurality of pixel rows in which pixel values are sequentially input in a predetermined scanning cycle, and the light deflector of the light irradiation device may It is preferable to deflect the light while scanning in synchronization with the scanning cycle.
- a high-quality liquid crystal display device without crosstalk can be realized.
- the liquid crystal display device may further include a detector that detects a right eye position and a left eye position of a viewer who visually recognizes the liquid crystal display device, and a predetermined collection focused by the light irradiation device.
- the light spots are preferably the right eye position and the left eye position of the viewer detected by the detector.
- the light from the light irradiation device can be accurately condensed at the right eye position and the left eye position of the viewer.
- One aspect of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is provided with the light irradiation device according to claim 4 or 5 and a liquid crystal panel provided on the light emission side of the light irradiation device, and is emitted from the light irradiation device.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with the light, and the Fresnel lens of the light irradiation device is a linear Fresnel lens, and the linear Fresnel lens is disposed so as to be inclined with respect to the pixels constituting the liquid crystal panel.
- One aspect of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes the light irradiation device according to claim 6 or 7 and a liquid crystal panel provided on a light emission side of the light irradiation device, and the diffusion of the light irradiation device.
- the diffusion regions and non-diffusion regions constituting the plate are alternately arranged, and in the light diffusion state, the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with light emitted from the diffusion region of the diffusion plate, and in the non-light diffusion state, The liquid crystal panel is irradiated with light emitted from the non-diffusing region of the diffusion plate.
- One aspect of the image display device of the present invention includes a display unit on which an image is displayed, a detector that detects a position of an eye of a viewer viewing the display unit, and an eye position detected by the detector. And a notification unit that notifies the viewer of the fact when it deviates from the predetermined area.
- the viewer can display a 3D image or the like (including the display image of the privacy display). It is possible to continue to visually recognize, and it is possible to enlarge a viewing area where a 3D image or the like can be visually recognized.
- the image display device of the present invention it is possible to prompt the viewer to return the viewer's right eye and left eye positions to the proper viewing area.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal deflecting element unit cell constituting an optical deflector.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal deflection element unit cell taken along line AA in FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the light source of FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9A is a perspective view showing a positional relationship among a light guide plate, an optical deflector, a Fresnel lens, and a liquid crystal panel.
- FIG. 9B is an enlarged view showing a region surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 9A.
- FIG. 10A is a plan view showing a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device taken along line BB in FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 10C is a diagram showing the driving timing of the liquid crystal panel and the lighting timing of the light source.
- FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 is composed of a tablet-type and naked-eye 3D liquid crystal display device. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal display device 100 includes a rectangular frame 1. On the frame 1, a light irradiation device 2, a liquid crystal panel 3, a right camera 4a, a left camera 4b, and a control unit 5 are mounted.
- the light irradiation device 2 includes a planar illumination body 6 and an optical deflector 7 provided on the light emission side of the planar illumination body 6.
- the planar illuminator 6 includes a light guide plate 8, a light source 9 a provided facing one side surface 8 a of the light guide plate 8, and a light source 9 b provided facing the other side surface 8 b of the light guide plate 8. is doing.
- the planar illumination body 6 condenses the emitted light at a predetermined condensing point, as will be described later.
- the bottom surface 8c of the light guide plate 8 is formed in a prism shape having irregularities.
- the light source 9 a emits the right light 18 a toward the one side surface 8 a of the light guide plate 8.
- the light source 9 b emits left light 18 b toward the other side surface 8 b of the light guide plate 8.
- the light deflector 7 is configured in a panel shape and is provided to face the main surface 8d of the light guide plate 8 (that is, a surface orthogonal to one side surface 8a of the light guide plate 8).
- the optical deflector 7 can deflect the light two-dimensionally at each part in the plane of the optical deflector 7 with respect to the incident light. Thereby, the optical deflector 7 can condense the incident light on a predetermined condensing point in the three-dimensional space.
- FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal deflection element unit cell constituting an optical deflector.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal deflection element unit cell taken along line AA in FIG. 3A.
- the optical deflector 7 is composed of a liquid crystal deflecting element in which a plurality of liquid crystal deflecting element unit cells 10 are arranged in a matrix.
- a configuration of the liquid crystal deflecting element unit cell 10 a configuration as described in, for example, International Publication No. 2005/069918 is generally used. As shown in FIGS.
- the liquid crystal deflection element unit cell 10 includes a liquid crystal 11 having a triangular cross section, a dielectric 12 having a shape complementary to the shape of the liquid crystal 11, and the liquid crystal 11 and the dielectric 12. And a pair of electrodes 13a, 13b, 13c arranged around the periphery of each other.
- the dielectric 12 is disposed on the inclined surface side of the liquid crystal 11, so that the liquid crystal deflection element unit cell 10 is configured to have a rectangular cross section as a whole.
- the dielectric 12 can be made of, for example, a polymer resin such as plastic, or glass.
- the three pairs of electrodes 13a, 13b, and 13c are disposed so as to face each other with the liquid crystal 11 and the dielectric 12 interposed therebetween.
- a voltage between each of the three pairs of electrodes 13a, 13b, and 13c the refractive index of the liquid crystal 11 is modulated, and the light incident on the liquid crystal deflecting element unit cell 10 is deflected.
- the voltage applied between the pair of electrodes 13a, 13b, and 13c is controlled by the control unit 5.
- three pairs of electrodes 13a, 13b, and 13c are provided. However, only one pair of electrodes or only two pairs of electrodes are provided. It can also comprise so that it may provide.
- the light from the planar illuminator 6 is incident on the incident end surface of the liquid crystal 11 (the lower surface in FIG. 3A), as indicated by the light 14 in FIG. 3A.
- the pair of electrodes 13b is preferably a transparent electrode so that light can pass through the pair of electrodes 13b.
- the deflection angle of light can be modulated by controlling the voltage applied between the pair of electrodes 13a, 13b, 13c.
- the angle magnifying lens 15 is configured by combining a convex lens 15a and a concave lens 15b.
- the configuration of the angle magnifying lens 15 is not limited to this, and can be set as appropriate.
- the liquid crystal panel 3 is provided to face the optical deflector 7. In the display area of the liquid crystal panel 3, a plurality of pixels are arranged in a matrix.
- the right camera 4a detects the position of the right eye 17a of the viewer 16 who visually recognizes the liquid crystal display device 100.
- the left camera 4b detects the position of the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 who views the liquid crystal display device 100.
- the right camera 4 a and the left camera 4 b are provided at a predetermined portion of the frame 1, for example.
- the right camera 4a and the left camera 4b constitute a detector.
- the control unit 5 Based on the right eye position detection signal from the right camera 4a and the left eye position detection signal from the left camera 4b, the control unit 5 applies a voltage applied to the liquid crystal 11 of each liquid crystal deflection element unit cell 10 constituting the optical deflector 7. Is controlled to modulate the refractive index of the liquid crystal 11. Moreover, the control part 5 turns on the light source 9a and the light source 9b alternately.
- the right camera 4a and the left camera 4b detect the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 who views the liquid crystal display device 100, respectively.
- the right eye position detection signal from the right camera 4a and the left eye position detection signal from the left camera 4b are respectively sent to the control unit 5.
- the control unit 5 Based on the right eye position detection signal from the right camera 4a and the left eye position detection signal from the left camera 4b, the control unit 5 applies a voltage applied to the liquid crystal 11 of each liquid crystal deflection element unit cell 10 constituting the optical deflector 7. Is controlled to modulate the refractive index of the liquid crystal 11 of each liquid crystal deflection element unit cell 10.
- the light source 9a and the light source 9b are alternately turned on in time series.
- the right light 18a emitted from the light source 9b is incident on one side surface 8b of the light guide plate 8.
- the right light 18a incident from one side surface 8b of the light guide plate 8 is incident on a prism-shaped first inclined surface 19a (that is, a surface inclined downward toward the right side in FIG. 1A) formed on the bottom surface 8c of the light guide plate 8. And is reflected toward the main surface 8d of the light guide plate 8.
- the right light 18 a emitted from the main surface 8 d of the light guide plate 8 passes through the liquid crystal panel 3 after passing through the optical deflector 7.
- the control unit 5 When the viewer 16 is located on the central axis of the liquid crystal panel 3, the control unit 5 does not apply a voltage to the pair of electrodes 13a, 13b, and 13c. Thereby, the right light 18 a emitted from the main surface 8 d of the light guide plate 8 is incident on the liquid crystal panel 3 without the deflection angle being modulated by the optical deflector 7. At this time, a two-dimensional right image is formed on the liquid crystal panel 3. The right light 18 a emitted from the liquid crystal panel 3 is condensed at the position of the right eye 17 a of the viewer 16 located on the central axis of the liquid crystal panel 3. At this time, the planar illuminator 6 is in a first condensing state in which the predetermined condensing point is the position of the right eye 17 a of the viewer 16.
- the left light 18b emitted from the light source 9a is incident on the other side surface 8a of the light guide plate 8.
- the left light 18b incident from the other side surface 8a of the light guide plate 8 is incident on a prism-shaped second inclined surface 19b (that is, a surface inclined downward toward the left side in FIG. 1A) formed on the bottom surface 8c of the light guide plate 8. And is reflected toward the main surface 8d of the light guide plate 8.
- the left side light 18 b emitted from the main surface 8 d of the light guide plate 8 passes through the liquid crystal panel 3 after passing through the optical deflector 7.
- the left light 18 b emitted from the main surface 8 d of the light guide plate 8 is incident on the liquid crystal panel 3 without the deflection angle being modulated by the optical deflector 7.
- a two-dimensional left image different from the right image is formed on the liquid crystal panel 3.
- the left light 18b emitted from the liquid crystal panel 3 is condensed at the position of the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 located on the central axis of the liquid crystal panel 3.
- the planar illuminator 6 is in a second condensing state where the predetermined condensing point is the position of the left eye 17b of the viewer 16.
- the right image is displayed on the liquid crystal panel 3 while the light source 9b is turned on, and the left side is displayed on the liquid crystal panel 3 while the light source 9a is turned on.
- the planar illuminator 6 is switched alternately between the first condensing state and the second condensing state by switching the direction of the emitted light.
- the right light 18a and the left light 18b emitted from the light guide plate 8 are condensed at the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 located on the central axis of the liquid crystal panel 3, respectively.
- the prism shape of the bottom surface 8c of 8 is optimized.
- the mechanism of operation of the liquid crystal display device 100 when the position of the viewer 16 deviates from the central axis of the liquid crystal panel 3 as shown in FIG. 1B will be described.
- the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 are detected by the right camera 4a and the left camera 4b, respectively.
- the electrodes applied to the pair of electrodes 13a, 13b, and 13c are controlled by the control unit 5 so that the right light 18a is collected at the detected position of the right eye 17a, and light deflection is performed.
- the deflection angle of the light by the device 7 is modulated.
- the electrodes applied to the pair of electrodes 13a, 13b, and 13c are controlled by the control unit 5 so that the left light 18b is collected at the detected position of the left eye 17b, and light deflection is performed.
- the deflection angle of the light by the device 7 is modulated.
- the optical deflector 7 follows the movement of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16, and the predetermined condensing point in the first condensing state and the predetermined condensing point in the second condensing state. Modulate the focal point. Thereby, even if it is a case where the position of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 has shifted
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- the planar illumination body 6 has a function of switching between the right-eye right light 18a and the left-eye left light 18b.
- the liquid crystal display device 500 of FIG. As described above, when the response speed of the optical deflector 7 ′ is high, it is conceivable that the optical deflector 7 ′ has the above function.
- a single light source 9 ' is provided, and the light emission direction from the light guide plate 8' is substantially perpendicular to the light guide plate 8 '.
- the light is not deflected toward the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16, and the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 in the light deflector 7 ′.
- the light is deflected toward the position and the movement of the viewer 16 is followed.
- the response speed of the liquid crystal may be as low as several milliseconds. For this reason, the response speed of the liquid crystal cannot keep up with the switching speed of the light deflection direction between the right light 18a and the left light 18b, and it is sometimes difficult to make the optical deflector function correctly.
- the frame rate of an image is usually 60 frames / second, one frame is 16 milliseconds. Therefore, when the light deflection direction is switched between the right light 18a and the left light 18b, it is necessary to switch the light deflection direction at a subframe speed of 8 milliseconds.
- the optical deflector 7 has only the function of following the movement of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16, and the right light 18a and the left light 18b are used.
- the planar illumination body 6 has a function of switching the light deflection direction. By separating both functions in this manner, even if the response speed of the optical deflector 7 is slow, the viewer 16 can easily follow the movements of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b, and the wide viewing Area liquid crystal display device 100 can be realized.
- semiconductor light sources such as LEDs and lasers are used as the right light source 9a and the left light source 9b
- the semiconductor light sources and the like can be driven at a response speed of microseconds or less. Can be sufficiently faster than 8 milliseconds, which is the switching speed between the right light 18a and the left light 18b.
- the liquid crystal deflection element unit cell 10 shown in FIG. When is used, the magnification of the angle magnifying lens 15 can be reduced. As a result, even when the spread angle variation of the light incident on the optical deflector 7 is large, the spread angle variation of the light emitted from the optical deflector 7 does not need to be relatively large, so that there is little crosstalk.
- a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying a high-quality 3D image can be realized.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 is configured with a 3D liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 may be configured with a privacy display that prevents a third party from peeping at a display image.
- the viewer 16 can recognize a normal 2D image by making the right image and the left image displayed on the liquid crystal panel 3 the same image, but a third party other than the viewer 16 can recognize it. Cannot see the image.
- the planar illumination body 6 constituting the liquid crystal display device 100 is configured such that the light source 9a and the light source 9b are disposed at both ends of the light guide plate 8.
- the present invention is not limited to such an arrangement.
- the shape of the light guide plate 8 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 1A.
- the light guide plate 8 is configured as a single sheet, but may be configured as a light guide unit combined with another optical sheet or the like.
- the right camera 4a and the left camera 4b are used to detect the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16, but it may be realized by other methods.
- the right camera 4a and the left camera 4b respectively photograph the face (both eyes 17a and 17b) of the viewer 16, and the positions of both eyes 17a and 17b are detected based on the difference between the images photographed by the right camera 4a and the left camera 4b. You can also
- the optical deflector 7 is composed of a liquid crystal deflecting element.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be composed of other optical deflecting elements.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C, FIGS. 6A to 6C, and FIG. 5A to 5C and FIGS. 6A to 6C are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the light irradiation apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the light irradiation device 2A of the present embodiment includes a planar illumination body 6A and a light deflector 7 provided on the light emission side of the planar illumination body 6A.
- the planar illuminator 6A includes a light source 20, a light guide plate 21, a reflection sheet 22, a polarization modulation plate 23, a polarization filter 24, and a prism sheet 25.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the light source of FIG. 5A.
- the light source 20 includes a light source unit 26 and a light guide rod 27.
- the light source unit 26 emits single-polarized light and can switch the polarization characteristics (polarization direction) of the single-polarized light. That is, the light emitted from the light source unit 26 is linearly polarized light 28a having a polarization direction horizontal to the traveling direction and linearly polarized light 28b having a polarization direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. And can be switched alternately.
- the polarization direction of the polarized light 28a and the polarization direction of the polarized light 28b are orthogonal to each other.
- the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted from the light source unit 26 can be switched by using, for example, a liquid crystal retarder.
- the light source 20 can also be comprised by combining the polarized light from the two light source parts with the orthogonal polarization directions.
- the light guide rod 27 extends in a predetermined direction, and a total reflection prism is formed on one side surface thereof.
- the polarized light from the light source unit 26 is incident on one end of the light guide rod 27 and then totally reflected by the total reflection prism. Thereby, the polarized lights 28 a and 28 b are emitted from the other side surface of the light guide rod 27.
- a total reflection prism 21 b for totally reflecting light is formed on the bottom surface of the light guide plate 21.
- the light source 20 is provided to face one side surface 21 a of the light guide plate 21.
- a main surface 21 c is formed on a surface orthogonal to the one side surface 21 a of the light guide plate 21.
- the reflection sheet 22 is provided to face the bottom surface of the light guide plate 21.
- the reflection sheet 22 reflects the polarized lights 28a and 28b as will be described later.
- the polarization modulation plate 23 is provided to face the main surface 21 c of the light guide plate 21.
- the polarization modulation plate 23 is configured by alternately arranging polarization modulation cells 23a and non-polarization modulation cells 23b.
- the polarization modulation cell 23a functions as a half-wave plate that modulates the polarization characteristics (polarization direction) of incident polarized light. Thereby, the polarization directions of the polarized lights 28a and 28b transmitted through the polarization modulation cell 23a are rotated by 90 degrees.
- the non-polarization modulation cell 23b does not modulate the polarization characteristics of the incident polarized light.
- the polarizing filter 24 is provided on the light emission side of the polarization modulation plate 23.
- the polarizing filter 24 reflects polarized light in a predetermined direction out of the polarized light from the polarization modulation plate 23.
- the polarizing filter 24 reflects the polarized light in the left-right direction in the plane of FIG. 5A and transmits the polarized light in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 5A.
- the prism sheet 25 is provided on the light emission side of the polarizing filter 24.
- the prism sheet 25 is configured such that the direction of deflection of transmitted light is different between the first position 25a corresponding to the polarization modulation cell 23a and the second position 25b corresponding to the non-polarization modulation cell 23b.
- the light deflector 7 is provided on the light emission side of the prism sheet 25.
- the optical deflector 7 is configured in the same manner as the optical deflector 7 of the first embodiment.
- the polarization direction of the light from the light source 20 is alternately switched between the horizontal direction in the plane of FIG. 5A and the vertical direction in the plane of FIG. 5A.
- polarized light 28a in the left-right direction in FIG. 5A is emitted from the light source 20
- the polarized light 28a enters from one side surface 21a of the light guide plate 21 as shown in FIG.
- the reflecting prism 21b After being totally reflected by the reflecting prism 21b, the light is emitted from the main surface 21c of the light guide plate 21.
- the polarization direction is modulated in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 5A.
- the polarized light 28a emitted from the main surface 21c of the light guide plate 21 enters the polarization modulation cell 23a and the non-polarization modulation cell 23b of the polarization modulation plate 23.
- the polarization direction of the polarized light 28a transmitted through the polarization modulation cell 23a is modulated in the left-right direction in FIG. 5B by rotating 90 degrees. Further, the polarization direction of the polarized light 28a transmitted through the non-polarization modulation cell 23b is not modulated and is maintained in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 5B.
- the polarized light 28 a emitted from the polarization modulation plate 23 enters the polarization filter 24.
- the polarized light 28a in the left-right direction in FIG. 5C is reflected, and the polarized light 28a in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 5C is transmitted.
- the polarized light 28 a that has passed through the polarizing filter 24 is incident on the second position 25 b of the prism sheet 25.
- the polarized light 28 a is emitted from the prism sheet 25 after being deflected in a predetermined direction, and is condensed at the position of the viewer's left eye through the optical deflector 7.
- the polarized light 28a reflected by the polarizing filter 24 is incident on the polarization modulation plate 23 downward in the drawing.
- the polarization modulation plate 23 and the polarization filter 24 are preferably in close contact with each other so that the polarized light 28a reflected by the polarization filter 24 is reliably incident on the polarization modulation cell 23a.
- FIG. 6B when the polarized light 28a passes through the polarization modulation cell 23a, the polarization direction of the polarized light 28a is modulated again in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 6B.
- the polarization direction of the polarized light 28a propagating in the space between the light guide plate 21 and the polarization modulation plate 23 may be propagated upward on the paper surface, or may be reflected by the polarization filter 24 and propagate downward on the paper surface. Both are perpendicular to the page.
- the polarized light 28 a reflected by the polarizing filter 24 propagates downward on the paper surface, passes through the light guide plate 21, and then is reflected by the reflection sheet 22.
- the polarized light 28a reflected by the reflection sheet 22 is propagated upward on the paper surface as described above.
- the polarized light 28a When the polarized light 28a totally reflected by the total reflection prism 21b of the light guide plate 21 is emitted from the main surface 21c of the light guide plate 21 while slightly spreading in the horizontal direction on the paper surface, the polarized light 28a passes through the non-polarization modulation cell 23b. Multiple reflection is performed between the polarizing filter 24 and the reflection sheet 22 until the light is transmitted. As a result, the polarized light 28a is emitted only from directly above the non-polarization modulation cell 23b, and the polarized light 28a can be extracted to the outside without any light loss.
- the total reflection prism 21b may be provided with a slight curvature, or the light guide plate 21 A slight curvature may be provided on one side surface 21a.
- the polarized light 28b in the vertical direction in FIG. 5A is emitted from the light source 20
- the polarized light 28b is incident from one side surface 21a of the light guide plate 21 as shown in FIG.
- the light is emitted from the main surface 21c of the light guide plate 21.
- the polarization direction is modulated in the left-right direction in FIG. 5A.
- the polarized light 28b emitted from the main surface 21c of the light guide plate 21 enters the polarization modulation cell 23a and the non-polarization modulation cell 23b of the polarization modulation plate 23.
- the polarization direction of the polarized light 28b transmitted through the polarization modulation cell 23a is modulated in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. Further, the polarization direction of the polarized light 28b transmitted through the non-polarization modulation cell 23b is not modulated, and is maintained in the left-right direction in FIG. 5B.
- the polarized light 28 b emitted from the polarization modulation plate 23 enters the polarization filter 24.
- the polarizing filter 24 reflects the polarized light 28b in the left-right direction in FIG. 5C and transmits the polarized light 28b in the direction perpendicular to the paper in FIG. 5C.
- the polarized light 28b transmitted through the polarization filter 24 is incident on the first position 25a of the prism sheet 25.
- the polarized light 28b is emitted from the prism sheet 25 after being deflected in a predetermined direction, and is condensed at the position of the right eye of the viewer through the optical deflector 7.
- the polarized light 28b reflected by the polarizing filter 24 enters the polarization modulation plate 23 downward in the drawing.
- the polarized light 28b is transmitted through the non-polarization modulation cell 23b, so that the polarization direction of the polarized light 28b is maintained in the horizontal direction in FIG. 6B.
- the polarization direction of the polarized light 28b propagating through the space between the light guide plate 21 and the polarization modulation plate 23 may be propagated upward on the paper surface, or may be reflected by the polarization filter 24 and propagate downward on the paper surface. Both are in the horizontal direction in the drawing.
- the polarized light 28 b reflected by the polarizing filter 24 propagates downward in the drawing, passes through the light guide plate 21, and then is reflected by the reflection sheet 22.
- the polarized light 28 b reflected by the reflection sheet 22 is subjected to multiple reflection between the polarization filter 24 and the reflection sheet 22 as described above.
- the polarized light 24b is transmitted until it passes through the polarization modulation cell 23a.
- the reflection sheet 22 are subjected to multiple reflection.
- the polarized light 28b is emitted only from directly above the polarization modulation cell 23a, and the polarized light 28b can be extracted to the outside without any light loss.
- the light from the non-polarization modulation cell 23b is reflected by the polarization filter 24 when the polarization direction of the polarized light from the light source 20 is switched.
- the light from the polarization modulation cell 23a passes through the polarization filter 24 and enters the first position 25a of the prism sheet 25, and the light from the polarization modulation cell 23a is reflected by the polarization filter 24.
- the light from the non-polarization modulation cell 23b is switched to the second state in which the light passes through the polarizing filter 24 and enters the second position 25b of the prism sheet 25.
- the polarized lights 28a and 28b from the single light source 20 can be incident only from one side 21a of the light guide plate 21, for example, the wedge-shaped light guide plate 21 is used.
- loss of light from which polarized light is emitted from the side surface opposite to the one side surface 21a does not occur, and the light use efficiency can be increased.
- the polarized lights 28a and 28b from the light source 20 repeat total reflection in the light guide plate 21, there is an advantage that uniform illumination is possible.
- the liquid crystal display device When the liquid crystal display device is configured by providing a liquid crystal panel on the light emitting side of the light irradiation device 2A of the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
- the following effects can be obtained.
- half of the light is absorbed by a polarizing plate inside the liquid crystal panel.
- by illuminating the liquid crystal panel using polarized light there is no light absorption by the polarizing plate inside the liquid crystal panel, and a liquid crystal display device with high light utilization efficiency is obtained. Can be realized.
- a 3D image can be displayed by a single light source 20 even though it is a 3D liquid crystal display device. Can be planned.
- the liquid crystal display device is configured by providing a liquid crystal panel on the light emission side of the light irradiation device 2A of the present embodiment, the right eye and the left eye of the viewer as in the first embodiment. Is displaced from the central axis of the liquid crystal panel, the light deflector 7 modulates the light deflection angle. Further, when the positions of the right eye and the left eye of the viewer are located on the central axis of the liquid crystal panel, the light deflection angle is not modulated by the light deflector 7.
- the light 28a emitted from the prism sheet 25 is condensed into the viewer's right eye, and the light 28b is condensed into the viewer's left eye. Can be condensed.
- the light guide plate 21 is configured in a wedge shape, but the shape is not particularly limited as long as the light deflector 7 can be illuminated from the back side.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the illustrated liquid crystal display device 100B includes a light irradiation device 2B, a liquid crystal panel 3, a right camera 4a, a left camera 4b, and a control unit 5B.
- the light irradiation device 2B includes a planar illumination body 6B, an optical deflector 7, and a Fresnel lens 29.
- the planar illumination body 6 ⁇ / b> B includes a light source 30 and a light guide plate 21.
- the light guide plate 21 is configured in the same manner as the light guide plate 21 of the second embodiment.
- the light source 30 is provided to face one side surface 21 a of the light guide plate 21.
- the light deflector 7 is provided to face the main surface 21 c of the light guide plate 21.
- the optical deflector 7 is configured in the same manner as the optical deflector 7 of the first embodiment.
- the Fresnel lens 29 is provided on the light exit side of the optical deflector 7 and condenses the emitted light at a predetermined condensing point.
- the Fresnel lens 29 is a linear Fresnel lens.
- the right camera 4a, the left camera 4b, and the control unit 5B are configured in the same manner as the right camera 4a, the left camera 4b, and the control unit 5 of the first embodiment, respectively.
- FIG. 9A is a perspective view showing a positional relationship among the light guide plate 21, the optical deflector 7, the Fresnel lens 29, and the liquid crystal panel 3.
- FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of a region 32 surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 9A.
- the liquid crystal panel 3 is configured by arranging a plurality of pixels 33 in a matrix.
- Each pixel 33 includes three sub-pixels, that is, a red sub-pixel 33r, a green sub-pixel 33g, and a blue sub-pixel 33b.
- the Fresnel lens 29 is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to each pixel 33 constituting the liquid crystal panel 3.
- the ridge line 29 a of the convex portion of the Fresnel lens 29 is inclined with respect to each pixel 33 by an angle ⁇ .
- the inclination angle ⁇ is preferably 0.5 ° or more.
- the light 31 emitted from the light source 30 is totally reflected by the total reflection prism 21 b provided on the bottom surface of the light guide plate 21 while propagating through the light guide plate 21, and is emitted upward from the main surface 21 c of the light guide plate 21.
- the light 31 emitted from the main surface 21 c of the light guide plate 21 enters the light deflector 7. At the timing when the right image is displayed on the liquid crystal panel 3, the right light 31 a is deflected in a predetermined direction by the optical deflector 7.
- the left light 31b is deflected by the optical deflector 7 in a direction different from the predetermined direction.
- the right side light 31a and the left side light 31b emitted from the optical deflector 7 enter the Fresnel lens 29, respectively.
- the optical deflector 7 uses the right light 31a and the left light 31b emitted from the optical deflector 7. The light is deflected so that the deflection direction is opposite and the deflection angles are approximately the same.
- the Fresnel lens 29 is configured so that the right light 31a and the left light 31b deflected by the light deflector 7 enter the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16, respectively.
- the light deflector 7 switches the light deflection angle to change the first condensing state in which the predetermined condensing point is the position of the right eye 17a of the viewer 16 and the predetermined condensing point to the viewer.
- the second condensing state is alternately switched to the position of the 16 left eyes 17b.
- the optical deflector 7 follows the movement of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16, and sets a predetermined condensing point in the first condensing state and a predetermined condensing point in the second condensing state. Modulate each.
- the Fresnel lens 29 by providing the Fresnel lens 29, the light deflection angle in the vicinity of both ends of the optical deflector 7 can be reduced. That is, the light emitted from the vicinity of both ends of the optical deflector 7 is condensed near the central axis of the liquid crystal panel 3 by the action of the Fresnel lens 29, so that it is emitted particularly from the vicinity of both ends of the optical deflector 7.
- the angle by which the light deflector 7 deflects the light can be small.
- the Fresnel lens 29 is not provided, the light emitted from the vicinity of both ends of the light deflector 7 is transmitted to the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 located near the central axis of the liquid crystal panel 3.
- the angle to be deflected is larger than the angle at which light emitted from the vicinity of the central axis of the optical deflector 7 is deflected. In that case, in order to obtain a large deflection angle, for example, in the case of a liquid crystal deflecting element, it is necessary to use a liquid crystal having a large refractive index fluctuation amount or to apply a high voltage to the liquid crystal.
- the Fresnel lens 29 as in the present embodiment, the light deflection angle by the light deflector 7 can be reduced, and the liquid crystal display device 100B with low cost and low power consumption can be realized. Further, since the deflection angle in the vicinity of both end portions of the optical deflector 7 is offset by the deflection angle by the Fresnel lens 29, the liquid crystal panel 3 to the viewer 16 can be maintained even if the deflection angle of the optical deflector 7 is small. The distance can also be shortened, and the liquid crystal display device 100B with high presence can be configured.
- the Fresnel lens 29 is used.
- a prism sheet or the like can be used as long as it can deflect a large amount.
- the Fresnel lens 29 is provided on the light exit side of the optical deflector 7, but the Fresnel lens 29 may be provided on the light incident side of the optical deflector 7. This is the same when a prism sheet is used instead of the Fresnel lens 29.
- FIG. 10A is a plan view showing a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device taken along line BB in FIG. 10A.
- the optical deflector 7, the Fresnel lens 29, and the liquid crystal panel 3 are not shown for easy understanding.
- the liquid crystal display device 100C of the present embodiment includes a light irradiation device 2C and a liquid crystal panel 3 provided on the light emission side of the light irradiation device 2C.
- the light irradiation device 2 ⁇ / b> C includes a planar illumination body 6 ⁇ / b> C, an optical deflector 7, and a Fresnel lens 29.
- the planar illumination body 6 ⁇ / b> C includes a light source 40, a Fresnel lens 41, a galvano mirror 42, and a light guide plate 21.
- the light from the light source 40 is scanned by the galvanometer mirror 42 and is incident on the light guide plate 21 substantially perpendicularly by the Fresnel lens 41.
- the light incident on the light guide plate 21 travels through the same path as the liquid crystal display device 100B of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10C is a diagram showing the driving timing of the liquid crystal panel and the lighting timing of the light source.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the position of the liquid crystal panel 3 in a predetermined direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 10A).
- FIG. 10C shows the timing at which pixel values are input to a predetermined pixel column in the predetermined direction of the liquid crystal panel 3 (that is, the timing at which the liquid crystal panel 3 is turned on), and the timing at which the light source 40 is turned on and off. It is shown.
- Pixel values are sequentially input to a plurality of pixel columns constituting the liquid crystal panel 3 at a predetermined scanning cycle.
- the light from the light source 40 is scanned by the galvanometer mirror 42 to sequentially irradiate the plurality of pixel columns of the liquid crystal panel 3.
- the light deflector 7 of the light irradiation device 2C deflects light while scanning in synchronization with the predetermined scanning cycle in the liquid crystal panel 3.
- the liquid crystal panel 3 is turned on at time T ⁇ b> 11, and a pixel value is input to each pixel of the L column of the liquid crystal panel 3.
- the light source 40 is turned on at time T12, and the light from the light source 40 is continuously applied to the L row of the liquid crystal panel 3 until time T21. Thereafter, at time T21, the pixel value of the next frame is input to each pixel of the L column of the liquid crystal panel 3, and the above-described operation is repeated thereafter.
- the light deflector 7 deflects light while scanning in synchronization with the drive timing of the liquid crystal panel 3 and the lighting timing of the light source 40. For example, light is deflected at the position of the optical deflector 7 corresponding to the L row of the liquid crystal panel 3 between time T11 and time T12. At this time, when the driving time of the optical deflector 7 is several milliseconds or less, since the driving of the optical deflector 7 is completed before the lighting timing of the light source 40 is reached, high image quality without crosstalk is obtained.
- the liquid crystal display device 100C can be configured.
- the galvanometer mirror 42 is used as the light scanning means in the planar illuminator 6C.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a polygon mirror, a MEMS mirror, or the like can be used.
- FIG. 5 are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- the planar illumination body 6D of the light irradiation device 2D has a diffusion plate 51.
- Other configurations of the light irradiation device 2D are the same as those of the light irradiation device 2A of the second embodiment.
- the diffusion plate 51 is provided between the light emission side of the polarizing filter 24 and the light incident side of the optical deflector 7.
- the diffusion plate 51 is configured by alternately arranging diffusion regions 51a that diffuse light and non-diffusion regions 51b that do not diffuse light.
- the diffusion region 51a is arranged corresponding to the polarization modulation cell 23a, and the non-diffusion region 51b is arranged corresponding to the non-polarization modulation cell 23b.
- liquid crystal display device 100D of this Embodiment can be used as a 3D liquid crystal display device or a privacy display which displays a 3D image etc.
- liquid crystal display device 100D of this Embodiment can be used as a 2D liquid crystal display device which displays a normal 2D image.
- the planar illuminator 6D causes the light from the non-polarization modulation cell 23b to be reflected by the polarization filter 24 and the polarization modulation cell.
- the liquid crystal display device 100D can be switched between a 3D liquid crystal display device or a privacy display and a 2D liquid crystal display device.
- the diffusion region 51a is disposed corresponding to the non-polarization modulation cell 23b, and the non-diffusion region 51b is disposed corresponding to the polarization modulation cell 23a.
- the diffusion region 51a can be arranged corresponding to the polarization modulation cell 23a, and the non-diffusion region 51b can be arranged corresponding to the non-polarization modulation cell 23b.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- lamp 61 which constitutes a notification unit
- other configurations are the same as those in the third embodiment.
- the lamp 61 is controlled by the control unit 5E.
- the position of the right eye 17a and the position of the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 who visually recognizes the liquid crystal panel 3 (which constitutes the display unit) detected by the right camera 4a and the left camera 4b are set in a predetermined region.
- the lamp 61 is turned on to notify the viewer 16 of that fact.
- the liquid crystal display device 100E when used as, for example, a tablet-type 3D liquid crystal display device and a privacy display, for example, when the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 deviate from the predetermined region, or either When the positions of the eyes 17a and 17b exceed the angle at which the light can be deflected, the viewer 16 is notified by turning on the lamp 61. Thereby, the viewer 16 can be urged to return the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 to an appropriate viewing area.
- the notification unit is configured by the lamp 61, but is not limited thereto.
- the notification unit is configured by a buzzer, and the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 deviate from a predetermined region. You can also sound a buzzer.
- the notification unit may be configured by the liquid crystal panel 3, and when the positions of the right eye 17a and the left eye 17b of the viewer 16 depart from a predetermined region, the fact may be displayed on the liquid crystal panel 3 as character information.
- the image display device is configured by the liquid crystal display device 100E.
- the image display device can be used as a 3D image display device and a privacy display, it can be configured by an image display device other than the liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device is configured with a tablet-type 3D liquid crystal display device, but is not limited thereto, and may be configured with, for example, an installation type 3D liquid crystal display device.
- the light irradiation device of the present invention can be used for a 3D liquid crystal display device and a privacy display capable of enlarging a viewing area where a 3D image can be viewed.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be applied as a 3D liquid crystal display device and a privacy display that can expand the viewing area in which a 3D image can be viewed.
- the image display device of the present invention can be applied as an image display device capable of notifying a viewer that the eye position has deviated from a predetermined region.
- Light irradiation device 3 Liquid crystal panel 4a Right camera 4b Left camera 5, 5B, 5E Control unit 6, 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D Planar illuminator 7, 7' Light deflection Device 8, 8 ', 21 Light guide plate 9a, 9b, 9', 20, 40
- Light source 10 Liquid crystal deflecting element unit cell 11 Liquid crystal 12 Dielectric 13a, 13b, 13c Electrode 14, 14s, 14m, 14h Light 15 Angle expansion lens 15a Convex lens 15b Concave lens 16 Viewer 17a Right eye 17b Left eye 18a, 31a Right light 18b, 31b Left light 22 Reflective sheet 23 Polarization modulation plate 23a Polarization modulation cell 23b Non-polarization modulation cell 24 Polarization filter 25 Prism sheet 26
- Light source 27 Light guide rod 28a , 28b Polarized light 29, 41 Fresnel lens 29a Ridge line 32 Region 33 Pixel 33r Red sub-pixel 33g Green sub-pixel 33 The blue
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Abstract
Description
図1A及び図1Bは、本発明の実施の形態1に係る液晶表示装置の構成を示す断面図である。図2は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る液晶表示装置の外観を示す斜視図である。本実施の形態では、液晶表示装置100は、タブレット型且つ裸眼式の3D液晶表示装置で構成されている。図2に示すように、液晶表示装置100は、矩形状のフレーム1を備えている。このフレーム1には、光照射装置2、液晶パネル3、右側カメラ4a、左側カメラ4b及び制御部5が搭載されている。
次に、図5A~図5C、図6A~図6C及び図7を用いて、本発明の実施の形態2に係る光照射装置について説明する。図5A~図5C及び図6A~図6Cは、本発明の実施の形態2に係る光照射装置の構成を示す断面図である。
図8A及び図8Bは、本発明の実施の形態3に係る液晶表示装置の構成を示す図である。図示の液晶表示装置100Bは、光照射装置2B、液晶パネル3、右側カメラ4a、左側カメラ4b及び制御部5Bを備えている。
図10Aは、本発明の実施の形態4に係る液晶表示装置を示す平面図である。図10Bは、図10A中のB-B線により切断した液晶表示装置の断面図である。なお、図10Aでは、理解を容易にするために、光偏向器7、フレネルレンズ29及び液晶パネル3の図示を省略した。
図11A~図11Cは、本発明の実施の形態5に係る液晶表示装置の構成を示す断面図である。本実施の形態の液晶表示装置100Dでは、光照射装置2Dの面状照明体6Dは拡散板51を有している。光照射装置2Dの他の構成は、上記第2の実施の形態の光照射装置2Aと同様である。この拡散板51は、偏光フィルタ24の光の出射側と光偏向器7の光の入射側との間に設けられている。拡散板51は、光を拡散する拡散領域51aと、光を拡散しない非拡散領域51bとが交互に配置されることにより構成されている。拡散領域51aは、偏光変調セル23aに対応して配置され、非拡散領域51bは、非偏光変調セル23bに対応して配置されている。
図12は、本発明の実施の形態6に係る液晶表示装置の構成を示す断面図である。本実施の形態の液晶表示装置100E(画像表示装置を構成する)では、ランプ61(報知部を構成する)が設けられており、他の構成は、上記実施の形態3と同様である。このランプ61は、制御部5Eによって制御されている。これにより、右側カメラ4a及び左側カメラ4bにより検出された、液晶パネル3(表示部を構成する)を視認する視認者16の右目17aの位置及び左目17bの位置が、予め設定された所定の領域(視域)から外れた場合に、ランプ61が点灯されることによってその旨が視認者16に報知される。
3 液晶パネル
4a 右側カメラ
4b 左側カメラ
5,5B,5E 制御部
6,6A,6B,6C,6D 面状照明体
7,7’ 光偏向器
8,8’,21 導光板
9a,9b,9’,20,40 光源
10 液晶偏向素子単位セル
11 液晶
12 誘電体
13a,13b,13c 電極
14,14s,14m,14h 光
15 角度拡大レンズ
15a 凸レンズ
15b 凹レンズ
16 視認者
17a 右目
17b 左目
18a,31a 右側光
18b,31b 左側光
22 反射シート
23 偏光変調板
23a 偏光変調セル
23b 非偏光変調セル
24 偏光フィルタ
25 プリズムシート
26 光源部
27 導光棒
28a,28b 偏光光
29,41 フレネルレンズ
29a 稜線
32 領域
33 画素
33r 赤サブ画素
33g 緑サブ画素
33b 青サブ画素
42 ガルバノミラー
51 拡散板
51a 拡散領域
51b 非拡散領域
61 ランプ
100,100B,100C,100D,100E,500 液晶表示装置
Claims (14)
- 視認者の右目位置及び左目位置に交互に光を集光させる液晶表示装置に用いられる光照射装置であって、
出射した光を所定の集光点に集光させる面状照明体と、
前記面状照明体からの光を二次元的に偏向する光偏向器と、を備え、
前記面状照明体は、出射する光の方向を切り替えることにより、前記所定の集光点を視認者の右目位置とする第1の集光状態と、前記所定の集光点を視認者の左目位置とする第2の集光状態とに交互に切り替え可能であり、
前記光偏向器は、視認者の動きに追従して、前記第1の集光状態における前記所定の集光点及び前記第2の集光状態における前記所定の集光点をそれぞれ変調可能である
光照射装置。 - 前記面状照明体は、
単一偏光の光を出射し、且つ、単一偏光の偏光特性を切り替え可能である光源と、
前記光源からの光が一側面より入射され、前記一側面に対して直交する主面から光が出射する導光板と、を有し、
前記光源によって単一偏光の偏光特性が切り替えられることにより、前記面状照明体は、前記導光板の前記主面から出射した光の方向を切り替え可能である
請求項1に記載の光照射装置。 - 前記面状照明体は、さらに、
前記導光板の光の出射側に設けられた偏光変調板と、
前記偏光変調板の光の出射側に設けられ、前記偏光変調板からの光のうち、所定方向の偏光光を反射させる偏光フィルタと、
前記偏光フィルタの光の出射側に設けられたプリズムシートと、を備え、
前記偏光変調板は、
光の偏光特性を変調する波長板として機能する偏光変調セルと、
光の偏光特性を変調しない非偏光変調セルと、を有し、
前記プリズムシートは、前記偏光変調セルに対応する第1の位置と、前記非偏光変調セルに対応する第2の位置とにおいて、透過する光の偏向方向が異なるように構成されており、
前記光源によって単一偏光の偏光特性が切り替えられることにより、前記面状照明体は、前記非偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタで反射され、且つ、前記偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタを通過して前記プリズムシートの前記第1の位置に入射する第1の状態と、前記偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタで反射され、且つ、前記非偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタを通過して前記プリズムシートの前記第2の位置に入射する第2の状態とに切り替え可能である
請求項2に記載の光照射装置。 - 視認者の右目位置及び左目位置に交互に光を集光させる液晶表示装置に用いられる光照射装置であって、
光を出射する面状照明体と、
前記面状照明体からの光を二次元的に偏向する光偏向器と、
入射した光を所定の集光点に集光させるフレネルレンズ又はプリズムシートと、を備え、
前記光偏向器は、光の偏向角度を切り替えることにより、前記所定の集光点を視認者の右目位置とする第1の集光状態と、前記所定の集光点を視認者の左目位置とする第2の集光状態とに交互に切り替え可能である
光照射装置。 - 前記光偏向器は、さらに、視認者の動きに追従して、前記第1の集光状態における前記所定の集光点及び前記第2の集光状態における前記所定の集光点をそれぞれ変調可能である
請求項4に記載の光照射装置。 - 光を出射する面状照明体と、
前記面状照明体からの光を二次元的に偏向する光偏向器と、を備え、
前記面状照明体は、
単一偏光の光を出射し、且つ、単一偏光の偏光特性を切り替え可能である光源と、
前記光源からの光が一側面より入射され、前記一側面に対して直交する主面より光が出射する導光板と、
前記導光板の光の出射側に設けられた偏光変調板と、
前記偏光変調板の光の出射側に設けられ、所定方向の偏光光を反射させる偏光フィルタと、
前記偏光フィルタの光の出射側に設けられた拡散板と、を有し、
前記偏光変調板は、
光の偏光特性を変調する波長板として機能する偏光変調セルと、
光の偏光特性を変調しない非偏光変調セルと、を有し、
前記拡散板は、
光を拡散する拡散領域と、
光を拡散しない非拡散領域と、を有し、
前記拡散領域は、前記偏光変調セルに対応して配置され、前記非拡散領域は、前記非偏光変調セルに対応して配置され、
前記光源によって単一偏光の偏光特性が切り替えられることにより、前記面状照明体は、前記非偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタで反射され、且つ、前記偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタを通過して前記拡散領域に入射する光拡散状態と、前記偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタで反射され、且つ、前記非偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタを通過して前記非拡散領域に入射する非光拡散状態とに切り替え可能である
光照射装置。 - 光を出射する面状照明体と、
前記面状照明体からの光を二次元的に偏向する光偏向器と、を備え、
前記面状照明体は、
単一偏光の光を出射し、且つ、単一偏光の偏光特性を切り替え可能である光源と、
前記光源からの光が一側面より入射され、前記一側面に対して直交する主面より光が出射する導光板と、
前記導光板の光の出射側に設けられた偏光変調板と、
前記偏光変調板の光の出射側に設けられ、所定方向の偏光光を反射させる偏光フィルタと、
前記偏光フィルタの光の出射側に設けられた拡散板と、を有し、
前記偏光変調板は、
光の偏光特性を変調する波長板として機能する偏光変調セルと、
光の偏光特性を変調しない非偏光変調セルと、を有し、
前記拡散板は、
光を拡散する拡散領域と、
光を拡散しない非拡散領域と、を有し、
前記拡散領域は、前記非偏光変調セルに対応して配置され、前記非拡散領域は、前記偏光変調セルに対応して配置され、
前記光源によって単一偏光の偏光特性が切り替えられることにより、前記面状照明体は、前記偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタで反射され、且つ、前記非偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタを通過して前記拡散領域に入射する光拡散状態と、前記非偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタで反射され、且つ、前記偏光変調セルからの光が前記偏光フィルタを通過して前記非拡散領域に入射する非光拡散状態とに切り替え可能である
光照射装置。 - 前記光偏向器は、光の偏向方向を切り替え可能である液晶偏向素子で構成され、
前記液晶偏向素子に電圧を印加して前記液晶偏向素子の屈折率を変調することにより、前記液晶偏向素子に入射した光の偏向方向が切り替えられる
請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の光照射装置。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の光照射装置と、
前記光照射装置の光の出射側に配置された液晶パネルと、を備え、
前記光照射装置から出射した光によって前記液晶パネルが照射される
液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶パネルは、所定の走査周期で画素値が順に入力される複数の画素列を有し、
前記光照射装置の光偏向器は、前記所定の走査周期と同期して、走査しながら光を偏向する
請求項9に記載の液晶表示装置。 - さらに、前記液晶表示装置を視認する視認者の右目位置及び左目位置を検出する検出器を備え、
前記光照射装置により集光される所定の集光点は、前記検出器により検出された視認者の右目位置及び左目位置である
請求項9に記載の液晶表示装置。 - 請求項4又は5に記載の光照射装置と、
前記光照射装置の光の出射側に設けられた液晶パネルと、を備え、
前記光照射装置から出射した光によって前記液晶パネルが照射され、
前記光照射装置のフレネルレンズはリニアフレネルレンズであり、前記リニアフレネルレンズは、前記液晶パネルを構成する画素に対して傾斜するようにして配置されている
液晶表示装置。 - 請求項6又は7に記載の光照射装置と、
前記光照射装置の光の出射側に設けられた液晶パネルと、を備え、
前記光照射装置の拡散板を構成する拡散領域及び非拡散領域は交互に配置されており、
光拡散状態では、前記拡散板の前記拡散領域から出射された光により前記液晶パネルが照射され、非光拡散状態では、前記拡散板の前記非拡散領域から出射された光により前記液晶パネルが照射される
液晶表示装置。 - 画像が表示される表示部と、
前記表示部を視認する視認者の目の位置を検出する検出器と、
前記検出器により検出された目の位置が所定の領域から外れた際に、視認者にその旨を報知する報知部と、を備える
画像表示装置。
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CN115097564B (zh) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-03-01 | 友达光电(昆山)有限公司 | 光学组件及应用其的显示装置 |
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JP2013195893A (ja) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-30 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 立体表示装置 |
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US9244329B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2016-01-26 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Light deflector, method of manufacturing light deflector, and liquid crystal display |
JPWO2013183288A1 (ja) * | 2012-06-07 | 2016-01-28 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 光偏向器、光偏向器の製造方法、及び、液晶ディスプレイ |
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CN103901625A (zh) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-02 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | 显示控制方法和显示设备 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2642336A1 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
US20120287037A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
JP5899520B2 (ja) | 2016-04-06 |
EP2642336A4 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
US9201187B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
JPWO2012066778A1 (ja) | 2014-05-12 |
CN102713733A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
CN102713733B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
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