Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
  • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
  • C08G59/4007—Curing agents not provided for by the groups C08G59/42 - C08G59/66
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
  • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
  • C08G59/50—Amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
  • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
  • C08G59/50—Amines
  • C08G59/56—Amines together with other curing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins

Definitions

• the epoxy resin that is included in the first part contains at least one epoxy functional group (i.e., oxirane group) per molecule.
• oxirane group refers to the following divalent group.
• Epoxy resins can be a single material or a mixture of materials selected to provide the desired viscosity characteristics before curing and to provide the desired mechanical properties after curing. If the epoxy resin is a mixture of materials, at least one of the epoxy resins in the mixture is typically selected to have at least two oxirane groups per molecule. For example, a first epoxy resin in the mixture can have two to four oxirane groups and a second epoxy resin in the mixture can have one to four oxirane groups. In some of these examples, the first epoxy resin is a first glycidyl ether with two to four glycidyl groups and the second epoxy resin is a second glycidyl ether with one to four glycidyl groups.
• the weight average molecular weight is usually at least 100 grams/mole, at least 150 grams/mole, at least 175 grams/mole, at least 200 grams/mole, at least 250 grams/mole, or at least 300 grams/mole.
• the weight average molecular weight can be up to 50,000 gram/mole or even higher for polymeric epoxy resins.
• the weight average molecular weight is often up to 40,000 grams/mole, up to 20,000 grams/mole, up to 10,000 grams/mole, up to 5,000 grams/mole, up to 3,000 grams/mole, or up to 1,000 grams/mole.
• Other reactive diluents have only one functional group (i.e., oxirane group) such as various monoglycidyl ethers.
• Some exemplary monoglycidyl ethers include, but are not limited to, alkyl glycidyl ethers with an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 12 carbon atoms, 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• Some exemplary monoglycidyl ethers are commercially available under the trade designation EPODIL from Air Products and Chemical, Inc.
• Group R 7 is an alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, 1 to 6 carbon atoms or 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl group can be linear, branched, cyclic, or a combination thereof.
• R 7 is a tert-butyl group.
• the polyol can be represented by Formula (VI) where the number of hydroxyl groups (i.e., the variable n refers to the number of hydroxyl groups) is an integer in the range of 2 to 6, 2 to 5, 2 to 4, or 2 to 3.
• the group R 8 in Formula (VI) represents the polyol minus the hydroxyl groups.
• vegetable oils such as soybean oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, canola oil, palm oil, and peanut oil contain carbon-carbon double bonds that can be oxidized to form polyols. There are often 2 to 6 carbon-carbon double bonds, 2 to 5 carbon-carbon double bonds, or 2 to 4 carbon-carbon double bonds in these oils. This oxidation can involve, for example, the reaction with a peroxy acid resulting in the formation of an oxirane group.
• the shell of the core-shell polymeric toughening agents are often formed from a styrene polymer or copolymer, a methacrylate polymer or copolymer, an acrylonitrile polymer or copolymer, or combinations thereof.
• the shell can be further functionalized with epoxy groups, acidic groups, or acetoacetoxy groups. Functionalization of the shell may be achieved, for example, by copolymerization with glycidylmethacrylate or acrylic acid or by reaction of a hydroxyl group with an alkyl acetoacetoxy such as tert-butyl acetoacetoxy. The addition of these functional groups can result in the shell being crosslinked into the polymeric matrix.
• hydrocarbon-containing material refers to a variety of substances that can contaminate the surface of the substrate during processing, handling, storage, or combinations thereof.
• hydrocarbon-containing materials include, but are not limited to, mineral oils, fats, dry lubricants, deep drawing oils, corrosion protection agents, lubricating agents, waxes, and the like.
• the surface of the substrate may contain other contaminants in addition to the hydrocarbon-containing material.
• the curable composition can be free or substantially free (e.g., less than 0.01 weight percent, less than 0.02 weight percent, less than 0.05 weight percent, or less than 0. 1 weight percent based on the weight of the curable composition).
• oils displacing agent may be suitable for the oil displacing agent. Suitable types of compounds often include, but are not limited to, glycidyl esters, cyclic terpenes, cyclic terpene oxides, mono-esters, di-esters, tri-esters, trialkyl phosphates, epoxy alkanes, alkyl methacrylates, vinyl alkyl esters, alkanes, and alcohols.
• the oil displacing agent is typically not a glycidyl ether.
• Some oil displacing agents are glycidyl esters of Formula (X).
• Exemplary di-esters of Formula (XII) include, but are not limited to, dialkyl maleates such as diethylhexyl maleate, dialkyl adipates such as diisobutyl adipate, dialkyl succinates such as diisobutyl succinate, dialkyl glutarates such as diisobutyl glutarate, dialkyl fumarates such as dibutyl fumarate, and dialkly glutamates such as dibutyl glutamate.
• dialkyl maleates such as diethylhexyl maleate
• dialkyl adipates such as diisobutyl adipate
• dialkyl succinates such as diisobutyl succinate
• dialkyl glutarates such as diisobutyl glutarate
• dialkyl fumarates such as dibutyl fumarate
• dialkly glutamates such as dibutyl glutamate.
• group R 21 is an alkyl or perfluoroalkyl.
• the alkyl or perfluoroalkyl group can be linear, branched, cyclic, or a combination thereof.
• the alkyl or perfluoroalkyl group often has at least 3 carbon atoms such as 3 to 20 carbon atoms, 4 to 20 carbon atoms, 4 to 18 carbon atoms, 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
• Alkyl methacarylates that can be used as oil displacing agents often include an alkyl group with at least 4 carbon atoms, at least 6 carbon atoms, or at least 8 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl group can have 6 to 20 carbon atoms, 6 to 18 carbon atoms, 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl in the alkyl methacrylate can be cyclic, linear, branched, or a combination thereof. Examples include, but are not limited to, isodecyl methacrylate, and 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl methacrylate.
• Suitable organic solvents include those that are soluble in the curable composition and that can be removed during or after curing to form the cured composition.
• Example organic solvents include, but are not limited to, toluene, acetone, various alcohols, and xylene.
• the curable composition typically is in the form of a first part and a second part.
• the first part typically includes the epoxy resins, the reactive liquid modifier, plus other components that do not react with either the epoxy resin or the reactive liquid modifier.
• the second part typically includes the curing agent plus any other components that do not typically react with the curing agent.
• the toughening agent can be added to either the first part or the second part.
• the components in each part are typically selected to minimize reactivity within that part.
• a method of forming a bonded joint between substrates includes applying a two-part curable composition to a surface of at least one of two or more substrates, joining the substrates so that the two-part curable composition is positioned between the two or more substrates, and curing the curable composition to form a bonded joint between the two or more substrates.
• the cured composition may be used, for example, to bond metals to metals, metals to carbon fibers, carbon fibers to carbon fibers, metals to glass, or carbon fibers to glass.
• Item 1 is a curable composition that has a first part and a second part.
• the curable composition includes a) an epoxy resin, wherein the epoxy resin is in the first part of the curable adhesive
• each R 9 is an aliphatic group having at least 8 carbon atoms and that is saturated or unsaturated; at least two of the R 9 groups have at least one hydroxyl group, and each R 9 group is optionally substituted with at least one alkoxy group.
• Item 24 is the cured composition of any one of items 15 to 21 , wherein the curable composition is free or substantially free of an oil displacing compound and wherein the curable composition is free or substantially free of an oil adsorbing filler.
• Item 28 is the article of any one of items 25 to 27, wherein the polyol is a castor oil.
• Item 32 is the article of item 31, wherein the cured composition is an adhesive composition.
• KANE ACE B564 Trade designation for a methacrylate-butadiene-styrene core shell rubber toughening agent in powdered form available from Kaneka Texas
• SHIELDEX AC5 Trade designation for an ion-exchanged, synthetic, amorphous silica, available from W.R. Grace, Colombia, MD. This filler material was added for corrosion resistance.
• a one pint can was charged with EPON 828 (45.4 grams) and BENZOFLEX 131 (1 1 grams).
• KANE ACE B564 (20.7 grams) was added. The mixture was stirred for five minutes at 2000 RPM, and then placed in a 90°C for two hours. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and then stirred for two minutes at 2000 RPM.
• SILANE Z6040 (1 gram) and RLMl (7 grams) were added. The mixture was stirred for two minutes at 2000 RPM, then vacuum degassed and stored at room temperature until used in a curable composition.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Epoxy Resins (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-11-08 WO PCT/US2011/059746 patent/WO2012064717A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2011-11-08 JP JP2013538825A patent/JP5840219B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-11-08 CN CN201180053039.4A patent/CN103189411B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-11-08 EP EP11785250.9A patent/EP2638092B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2011-11-08 US US13/881,429 patent/US9290683B2/en active Active
  • 2011-11-08 KR KR1020137014946A patent/KR101794389B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related

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