WO2012058867A1 - 软碰撞的电磁驱动机构 - Google Patents

软碰撞的电磁驱动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012058867A1
WO2012058867A1 PCT/CN2011/001856 CN2011001856W WO2012058867A1 WO 2012058867 A1 WO2012058867 A1 WO 2012058867A1 CN 2011001856 W CN2011001856 W CN 2011001856W WO 2012058867 A1 WO2012058867 A1 WO 2012058867A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
damping
soft
piston head
iron core
moving
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PCT/CN2011/001856
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顾明锋
施博一
Original Assignee
江苏现代电力电容器有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏现代电力电容器有限公司 filed Critical 江苏现代电力电容器有限公司
Priority to US13/883,261 priority Critical patent/US8836455B2/en
Publication of WO2012058867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012058867A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H01H3/605—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock making use of a fluid damper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric power switching devices driven by electromagnetic waves, and is an electromagnetic driving mechanism for soft collision. Background technique:
  • the existing electromagnetic drive mechanism has a large collision force when the driving force is large or a driving speed is high, and the bounce is severe.
  • an electromagnetic driving mechanism is used to form an electrical switching device, it is easy to cause arcing and re-ignition between the static and dynamic contacts of the electrical switch, and the electrical quality is greatly affected; on the other hand, the rigid contact causes a strong collision to make the electrical switch move. The contact surface is damaged, the mechanical life of the equipment is greatly shortened, and when a rigid collision occurs, a large amount of noise is emitted, which has an impact on the environment.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic drive mechanism which is structurally simple, has a strong driving force, and has a soft contact with a smooth contact.
  • a soft-impact electromagnetic driving mechanism comprising: a moving shaft driven by an electromagnetic mechanism, the moving shaft is fixed with the moving iron core, the upper end of the moving shaft is connected with the damping motion mechanism, and the damping motion mechanism comprises a first cylinder body, the first A damping movement piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and the damping movement piston is composed of a damping piston head and a damping piston rod disposed on both sides of the damping piston head, the first and second sealing chambers are arranged on both sides of the damping piston head, and the first and second sealing chambers are The damping liquid is installed in the middle, and a bidirectional discharge passage is arranged between the first and second sealed chambers.
  • the electromagnetic mechanism includes a second rainbow body, a permanent magnet, a moving shaft and a moving iron core, a driving coil, and a permanent magnet surrounding the moving shaft is fixed on the inner side of the second cylinder, and the coil is installed in the second cylinder.
  • the driving coil of the electromagnetic driving mechanism comprises a first coil and a second coil, wherein the first and second coils both surround the moving shaft, the first and second coils abut against the inner side of the second cylinder, and the first and second coils are spaced apart from each other by the permanent magnet
  • the moving iron core moves axially in the second red body.
  • the damper piston head and the piston rod are on the same axis as the movement shaft, and the movement shaft is connected to the lower end cover or the lower end of the first cylinder block, and the axial projection area of the bidirectional discharge passage between the first and second seal chambers is smaller than the damper piston head shaft 10% of the projected area.
  • At least one of the first and second sealed chambers is mounted with a spring, and the spring is directly or indirectly pressed against the damper piston head.
  • the permanent magnet is a ring-shaped magnet or a fan-shaped magnet with at least two surrounding axes.
  • the upper and lower ends of the moving iron core are simultaneously surrounded by the first and second coils, respectively.
  • the moving shaft and the moving iron core are made of different metal materials.
  • the invention relates to a linear permanent magnet driving mechanism with a single cylinder, strong driving force and stable contact, which can drive a switch or device with requirements of smooth contact, strong driving force and high speed. . DRAWINGS
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving mechanism is composed of a moving shaft 24, a permanent magnet 20, driving coils 19 and 22, a damping piston 0, a damping liquid 12, and the like, wherein the permanent magnet 20, the driving coils 19 and 22, the damping piston 0, and the damping liquid 12 are all in the driving direction.
  • the damper piston is composed of a damper piston head 6 and a damper piston rod 1 disposed on both sides of the damper piston head.
  • the damper piston 0 is mounted in a cylinder I 2 in which the damper liquid 12 is injected, in contact with the damper liquid 12.
  • the moving shaft 24 is fixed to the moving iron core 23, and the moving iron core and the moving shaft pass through the two driving coils 19 and 22, and the damping piston rod 1 and the moving shaft 24 are connected indirectly or directly in a straight line direction.
  • the damper moving piston 0 is composed of a damper piston head 6 and a damper piston rod 1 disposed on both sides of the damper piston head.
  • the damper piston head is on the same axis as the damper piston rod, and the damper piston head has a bidirectional discharge passage 7 in both directions.
  • the axial projection area of the track should not be too large, and should be less than 10% of the axial projection area of the damping piston head, otherwise it will affect its damping effect.
  • the damping fluid 12 and the damping piston head 6 are in a closed cavity.
  • the damping piston head divides the sealing cavity into two chambers 4 and 13.
  • the two chambers are connected by a double-directional discharge passage 7 on the damping piston head, and two indoors. They are all filled with a damping fluid, and the damping fluid flows through the two-way damping channel.
  • One of the two chambers is internally fitted with a spring 11 which is pressed against the damper piston head.
  • a damper liquid hole 16 is opened in the cylinder wall of one chamber and sealed with a seal 17.
  • the damper piston rod 1 is sealed with the seals 3, 14 between the cylinder block I and the cylinder I end cap to prevent damping fluid leakage or air ingress.
  • the damper piston head 6 has a one-way bleed width 8.
  • the damper is composed of a small ball 9 and a spring 10, and the damping liquid 12 can only flow from one direction, thereby forming a different damping effect in the reciprocating process.
  • a moving iron core 23 made of a ferromagnetic material is fixed to the moving shaft 24, and the moving iron core moves axially in a cylindrical cylinder II 21 composed of a ferromagnetic material.
  • a permanent magnet 20 is fixed at an intermediate position in the axial direction of the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder II 21, permanent Drive coils 19 and 22 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the magnet.
  • the permanent magnet is a ring-shaped or at least two fan-shaped ring magnets, and the annular or inner annular magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are opposite, so that the suction between the cylinder block 21 and the moving iron core 23 is the largest, and the best Magnetic retention capability.
  • the moving iron core 23 axially moving in the cylindrical cylinder II 21, the size of the moving iron core is satisfied at any position, the upper and lower ends of the moving iron core are respectively surrounded by two driving coils, so that the driving coil is energized when energized
  • the iron core 23 is more easily magnetized, resulting in a larger driving force.
  • the moving shaft and the moving iron core are made of different metal materials.
  • the moving shaft is made of a non-magnetic material, and the moving iron core is made of a magnetic conductive material, so that the end face of the moving iron core is in contact with the inner end of the cylinder block II to generate maximum magnetic holding force.
  • the damper piston rod 1 of the soft-impact electromagnetic drive mechanism is connected to the movable contact 29 of the electrical switch.
  • the driving coil I 19 is energized to generate a magnetic field, so that the upper end of the cylinder body generates a large suction force to the moving iron core, and the force exceeds the movement of the moving iron core and the lower end of the cylinder block II.
  • the moving iron core 23 moves upwards ⁇ the moving shaft 24 moves upwards ⁇ the cylinder I 2 moves upwards ⁇ the damping liquid in the sealed chamber II 13 moves upwards ⁇ the damping piston head 6 and the damping piston rod 1 move upward.
  • the moving iron core stops working after contacting the inner wall of the cylinder end II. After the power failure, the cylinder body 21 and the moving iron core 23 have different magnetic polarities at their contact ends due to the presence of the permanent magnet 20, and remain sucked.
  • the moving iron core stops working after contacting the inner wall of the cylinder end II. After the power failure, the cylinder body 21 and the moving iron core 23 have different magnetic polarities at their contact ends due to the presence of the permanent magnet 20, and remain sucked.
  • the damper piston head 6 also has a one-way damper valve 8.
  • the damper piston rod 1 and the damper piston head 6 move, the one-way damper valve 8 can only vent in one direction, thereby increasing the discharge capacity and colliding in one direction. The force is relatively reduced; thus the strength of the reciprocating soft collision of the mechanism is not equal.
  • the moving shaft moves upward under the electromagnetic driving force of the driving coil 19, and drives the cylinder block I 2 and the damper piston rod 1 and the electric switch moving contact 29 thereon to move upward, and the electric switch moving contact contacts the static contact 27, The switch is turned on.
  • the moving shaft moves downward under the electromagnetic driving force of the driving coil 22, and drives the cylinder I 2 and The damper piston rod 1 and the electrical switch moving contact 29 thereon move downward, the electric switch moving contact is separated from the static contact 27, and the switch is broken.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

软碰撞的电磁驱动机构 本申请依赖并要求 2010 年 11 月 03 日提交的中国专利申请 201010530843.4的优先权， 在此通过参考将其全部内容并入本文。
技术领域：
本发明涉及以电磁驱动的电力开关设备领域， 是一种软碰撞的电磁 驱动机构。 背景技术：
目前现有的电磁驱动机构， 在驱动力大或驱动速度快时， 运动受阻 时碰撞力大， 弹跳严重。 这种电磁驱动机构用于组成电气开关设备时， 易造成电气开关动静触点间的拉弧和重燃现象， 电气质量大受影响； 另 一方面， 刚性接触会导致剧烈碰撞使电气开关的动静触点面受损， 设备 的机械寿命大大缩短， 并且刚性碰撞发生时， 有很大的噪音发出， 对环 境有影响。 发明内容：
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构筒单、 驱动力强、 接触平稳的软碰 撞的电磁驱动机构。
一种软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 包括电磁机构驱动的运动 轴， 运动轴与运动铁芯固定， 运动轴的上端与阻尼运动机构连接， 阻尼 运动机构包括第一缸体， 第一缸体中设置阻尼运动活塞， 阻尼运动活塞 由阻尼活塞头和设置在阻尼活塞头两侧的阻尼活塞杆组成， 阻尼活塞头 两侧为第一、 第二密封室， 第一、 第二密封室中装阻尼液体， 第一、 第 二密封室之间设置双方向泄流通道。 电磁机构包括第二虹体、 永久磁铁、 运动轴与运动铁芯、 驱动线圈， 且永久磁铁围运动轴固定在第二缸体的内侧， 线圈安装在第二缸体中。
电磁驱动机构的驱动线圈包括第一线圈和第二线圈， 第一、 第二线 圈都环绕运动轴， 第一、 第二线圈紧靠第二缸体内侧， 第一、 第二线圈 之间隔永久磁铁， 运动铁芯在第二紅体内轴向运动。
阻尼活塞头、 活塞杆与运动轴同一轴线， 运动轴与第一缸体下端盖 或下端相连， 第一、 第二密封室之间的双方向泄流通道的轴向投影面积 小于阻尼活塞头轴向投影面积的 10%。
第一、 第二密封室中至少有一个室内安装有弹簧， 弹簧直接或间接 压在阻尼活塞头上。
阻尼活塞头上至少有一个端面上有凹槽。
阻尼活塞头上至少有一个单向泄流阀。
永久磁铁为一块环状的磁铁或至少为二块围运动轴均勾分布的扇环 形状磁铁。
运动铁芯的尺寸满足在任何位置时， 运动铁芯的上下两端同时分别 被第一、 第二线圈包围。
运动轴与运动铁芯采用不同的金属材料。
本发明结构筒单、 驱动力强、 接触平稳的直线永磁驱动机构， 用其 可驱动有接触平稳、 驱动力强、 速度高等要求的开关或装置。 。 附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
图 1是本发明一个实施例的结构示图。
附图标记说明
0——阻尼活塞
1——阻尼活塞杆 2 -缸体 I
3 -密封件 I
4 -密封室 I
5 -活塞上的凹槽
6 -阻尼活塞头
7 -双方向泄流通道
8 -单向泄流阀
9 -小球
lO-一单向泄流阔弹簧 l l—一弹簧
12—一阻尼液体
13— 密封室 Π
14— 密封件 II
15—一缸体 I下端盖
16- 注阻尼液体孔
17— 密封件 m
18—一轴套 I
19—一驱动线圈 I
20—一永久磁铁
21—一缸体 II
22—一驱动线圈 II
23—一运动铁芯
24— —运动轴
25—一轴套 II
26-一电气开关
27—一电气开关中的静 28——电气开关中的触点面
29——电气开关中的动触点 具体实施方式：
驱动机构由运动轴 24、 永久磁铁 20、 驱动线圈 19与 22、 阻尼活塞 0、 阻尼液体 12等组成， 其中永久磁铁 20、 驱动线圈 19与 22、 阻尼活塞 0、 阻 尼液体 12四者沿驱动方向排列， 阻尼活塞由阻尼活塞头 6和设置在阻尼活 塞头两侧的阻尼活塞杆 1组成。
阻尼活塞 0安装在一个注有阻尼液体 12的缸体 I 2中， 与阻尼液体 12 接触。 运动轴 24与运动铁芯 23固定， 运动铁芯与运动轴穿过两个驱动线 圈 19与 22, 阻尼活塞杆 1与运动轴 24在直线方向上间接或直接连接。
阻尼运动活塞 0由阻尼活塞头 6和设置在阻尼活塞头两侧的阻尼活塞 杆 1组成， 阻尼活塞头与阻尼活塞杆同一轴线， 阻尼活塞头上有双方向泄 流通道 7, 双方向泄流通道的轴向投影面积不能过大， 应小于阻尼活塞头 轴向投影面积的 10%, 不然会影响其阻尼效果。
阻尼液体 12、 阻尼活塞头 6在一个密闭的腔体内， 阻尼活塞头把密封 腔分为二个室 4与 13 , 二个室以阻尼活塞头上的双方向泄流通道 7相连， 二个室内均充有阻尼液体， 阻尼液体会流过双方向阻尼通道。 这二个室 中有一个室内安装有弹簧 11 , 弹簧压在阻尼活塞头上。 在一个室的缸壁 上开有注阻尼液体孔 16, 并以密封件 17密封。 阻尼活塞杆 1与缸体 I和缸 体 I端盖之间使用密封件 3、 14密封， 阻止阻尼液体泄漏或空气进入。
阻尼活塞头 6上有单向泄流阔 8, 阔由一个小球 9与一个弹簧 10组成， 阻尼液体 12只能从中单方向流动， 从而形成往复过程不同的阻尼效果。
运动轴 24上固定有铁磁材料做成的运动铁芯 23 , 运动铁芯在一个用 铁磁材料组成的圆柱状缸体 II 21内轴向运动。
在圆柱状缸体 II 21的内壁轴向的中间位置固定有永久磁铁 20 , 永久 磁铁的上下两侧分别有驱动线圈 19与 22。 永久磁铁是一块环状或至少二 块扇环状的磁铁， 永久磁铁的环状或扇环状内外侧磁极相反， 这样使得 缸体 II 21与运动铁芯 23之间吸力最大， 具有最好的磁保持能力。
在圆柱状缸体 II 21内轴向运动的运动铁芯 23 , 运动铁芯的尺寸满足 在任何位置时， 运动铁芯的上下两端分别被两个驱动线圈所包围， 这样 驱动线圈通电时运动铁芯 23更易被磁化， 产生更大的驱动力。 运动轴与 运动铁芯采用不同的金属材料。 运动轴选用不导磁的材料， 运动铁芯采 用导磁性材料， 这样运动铁芯端面与缸体 II内部一端接触时产生最大磁 保持力。
软碰撞的电磁驱动机构的阻尼活塞杆 1与电气开关的动触点 29相连。 本发明的工作原理：
( 1 )注入阻尼液体原理
打开注阻尼液体孔上的密封件 ΙΠ 17, 将阻尼液体注入密封室 1 4与密 封室 II 13 , 再将密封件安装好。 注入过程中如有少量空气存在， 这些少 量空气将会贮存在活塞上端面的凹槽里， 不会影响阻尼特性。
( 2 )驱动工作原理
1 )运动轴向上运动与运动后保持原理
运动铁芯 23在缸体 II 21下部时给驱动线圈 I 19通电， 产生磁场， 使 缸体上端对运动铁芯产生较大的吸力， 该力超过了运动铁芯与缸体 II下 端产生的保持吸力， 这时： 运动铁芯 23向上运动→运动轴 24向上运动→ 缸体 I 2向上运动→密封室 II 13内的阻尼液体向上运动→阻尼活塞头 6与 阻尼活塞杆 1向上运动。
运动铁芯与缸体 II端内壁接触后停止运行， 停电后， 由于永久磁铁 20的存在使缸体 II 21与运动铁芯 23在它们的接触端产生不同的磁极性而 保持相吸。
2 )运动轴向下运动 运动铁芯 23在缸体 II 21上部时给线圈 II 22通电， 产生磁场， 使缸体 下端对运动铁芯产生较大的吸力， 该力超过了运动铁芯与缸体 II上端产 生的保持吸力， 这时： 运动铁芯 23向下运动→运动轴 24向下运动→缸体 I 2向下运动→密封室 I 4内的阻尼液体向下运动→阻尼活塞头 6与阻尼 活塞杆 1向下运动。
运动铁芯与缸体 II端内壁接触后停止运行， 停电后， 由于永久磁铁 20的存在使缸体 II 21与运动铁芯 23在它们的接触端产生不同的磁极性而 保持相吸。
( 3 )软碰撞工作原理
在驱动线圈 I 19或驱动线圈 II 22与永久磁铁 20的磁场作用下， 阻尼 活塞杆 1、 运动轴 24与缸体 I 2沿轴向运动； 电气开关的动触点 29与静触 点 27接触， 阻尼活塞杆轴向运动受到碰撞阻力， 阻尼液体 12緩慢地通过 双方向泄流通道 7流至另一密封室； 在此过程中， 阻尼活塞杆 1持续受到 阻尼活塞头来自阻尼液体 12的压力， 使其不得回弹； 同时又因为有双方 向泄流通道 7的泄流， 碰撞冲击力不至于过大， 这样便实现了阻尼活塞杆 1相连的电气开关动触点与静触点的软碰撞。
( 3 )机构往复软碰撞力度不等原理
阻尼活塞杆 1轴向运动受到碰撞阻力时， 因为有双方向泄流通道 7 , 能实现软碰撞。 阻尼活塞头 6上还有一单向泄流阀 8, 阻尼活塞杆 1与阻尼 活塞头 6运动时单向泄流阀 8只可以单方向泄流， 从而在一个方向增大了 泄流能力， 碰撞力度相对减小； 从而使机构往复软碰撞力度不等。
( 4 )控制电气开关、 分合原理
运动轴在驱动线圈 19的电磁驱动力作用下向上运动， 带动缸体 I 2和 阻尼活塞杆 1及其上面的电气开关动触点 29向上运动， 电气开关动触点与 静触点 27接触， 开关接通。
运动轴在驱动线圈 22的电磁驱动力作用下向下运动， 带动缸体 I 2和 阻尼活塞杆 1及其上面的电气开关动触点 29向下运动， 电气开关动触点与 静触点 27分开， 开关分断。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 包括电磁机构驱动的运 动轴， 运动轴与运动铁芯固定， 运动轴的上端与阻尼运动机构连接， 阻 尼运动机构包括第一缸体， 第一缸体中设置阻尼运动活塞， 阻尼运动活 塞由阻尼活塞头和设置在阻尼活塞头两侧的阻尼活塞杆组成， 阻尼活塞 头两侧为第一、 第二密封室， 第一、 第二密封室中装阻尼液体， 第一、 第二密封室之间设置双方向泄流通道。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 电磁机 构包括第二虹体、 永久磁铁、 运动轴与运动铁芯、 驱动线圈， 且永久磁 铁围运动轴固定在第二缸体的内侧， 驱动线圈安装在第二缸体中。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 电 磁驱动机构的驱动线圈包括第一线圈和第二线圈， 第一、 第二线圈都环 绕运动轴， 第一、 第二线圈紧靠第二缸体内侧， 第一、 第二线圈之间隔
7 久磁铁， 运动铁芯在第二紅体内轴向运动。
4. 根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 阻尼活塞头、 活塞杆与运动轴同一轴线， 运动轴与第一缸体下端盖或下 端相连， 第一、 第二密封室之间的双方向泄流通道的轴向投影面积小于 阻尼活塞头轴向投影面积的 10%。
5. 根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 第一、 第二密封室中至少有一个室内安装有弹簧， 弹簧直接或间接压在 阻尼活塞头上。
6. 根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 阻尼活塞头上至少有一个端面上有凹槽。
7. 根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 阻尼活塞头上至少有一个单向泄流阀。
8. 根据权利要求 3所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 永久磁 铁为一块环状的磁铁或至少为二块围运动轴均匀分布的扇环形状磁铁。
9. 根据权利要求 3所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 运动铁 芯的尺寸满足在任何位置时， 运动铁芯的上下两端同时分别被第一、 第 二线圈包围。
10. 根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的软碰撞的电磁驱动机构， 其特征是： 运动轴与运动铁芯采用不同的金属材料。
PCT/CN2011/001856 2010-11-03 2011-11-03 软碰撞的电磁驱动机构 WO2012058867A1 (zh)

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