WO2012042829A1 - 再生弾性ローラの製造方法 - Google Patents
再生弾性ローラの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012042829A1 WO2012042829A1 PCT/JP2011/005403 JP2011005403W WO2012042829A1 WO 2012042829 A1 WO2012042829 A1 WO 2012042829A1 JP 2011005403 W JP2011005403 W JP 2011005403W WO 2012042829 A1 WO2012042829 A1 WO 2012042829A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- elastic roller
- compression set
- elastic
- roller
- outer diameter
- Prior art date
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- G03G15/0216—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices by contact, friction or induction, e.g. liquid charging apparatus by bringing a charging member into contact with the member to be charged, e.g. roller, brush chargers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2221/00—Processes not provided for by group G03G2215/00, e.g. cleaning or residual charge elimination
- G03G2221/0005—Cleaning of residual toner
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a regenerative elastic roller used in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.
- An electrophotographic image forming apparatus uses an elastic roller in which an elastic layer including rubber or the like is formed around a conductive core as a developing roller or a charging roller.
- Such an elastic roller is often placed in contact with another member in the electrophotographic image forming apparatus. For this reason, deformation that does not easily recover, that is, so-called compression set may occur in the elastic layer of the elastic roller due to long-term use. In such an elastic roller, the deformed portion may affect development and charging, and thus may affect the quality of the electrophotographic image.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for manufacturing a regenerative elastic roller having a step of relaxing the compression set of the elastic roller by heating the roller surface.
- an object of the present invention is to sufficiently relieve the compression set of an elastic roller that has caused compression set in an elastic layer with use, and can be used again for forming a high-quality electrophotographic image. It is in the provision of the manufacturing method of a roller.
- the method for producing a regenerative elastic roller according to the present invention comprises heating an elastic roller having a conductive shaft core and an elastic layer, in which compression set is generated in the elastic layer, in a cylindrical mold. And a step of bringing the surface of the elastic roller into contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical mold.
- the present inventors heated an elastic roller in which a compression set is generated in the elastic layer in the cylindrical mold to thermally expand the elastic layer, and the surface of the elastic roller contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical mold. As a result, it was found that the compression set can be alleviated, and the present invention has been achieved.
- the present inventors infer the reason why the compression set can be relieved by the present invention as follows. That is, the present inventors presume that compression set is caused by the following two phenomena in the elastic layer containing rubber.
- the reason why the elastic layer exhibits viscoelastic properties is that the polymer constituting the elastic layer is an aggregate of macromolecules. It is known that when a force is applied to a polymer, the interatomic distance and bond angle in the molecule of the polymer are deformed, and the polymer is distorted. Therefore, when a force that causes such a phenomenon in the polymer is continuously applied for a long time, the polymer molecules are entangled with each other, and as a result, the polymer is difficult to elastically deform. When a force is continuously applied to a part of the elastic layer containing rubber for a long time, the above-described phenomenon occurs in the part, and it is considered that a compression set is generated.
- the portion where no compression set is generated contacts the inner wall, while the compression set is generated.
- a state occurs in which the part is not yet in contact with the inner wall of the mold. That is, the pressure from the inner wall is applied to the non-deformed portion of the elastic layer, and the pressure from the inner wall of the mold is not applied to the deformed portion of the elastic layer. That is, a relative pressure difference opposite to the state in which compression set is generated is generated between the deformed portion and the non-deformed portion.
- the low molecular component of rubber that is unevenly distributed in the non-deformed portion moves from the non-deformed portion toward the deformed portion according to the relative pressure difference (pressure gradient), and the low molecular component of rubber is unevenly distributed. Will be eased. As a result, it is considered that the compression set is relaxed.
- the elastic roller to be regenerated in the method for producing a regenerated elastic roller according to the present invention is various elastic rollers used in an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic process. Specific examples include a developing roller, a charging roller, a transfer roller, a fixing roller, and a cleaning roller. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the elastic roller has a conductive shaft core body 11, an elastic layer 12 formed around the shaft core body 11, and a surface layer 13.
- shaft core As the shaft core 11, one made of carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron, or conductive resin can be used.
- the elastic layer 12 may be a solid body or a foam.
- the elastic layer includes rubber. Examples of specific rubber materials are listed below. Natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene rubber, butyl rubber, butadiene rubber, fluorine rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, etc. These rubber materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a filler may be added to the elastic layer 12 as long as the properties of low hardness and low compression set are not impaired.
- examples of the conductive agent contained in the elastic layer 12 include an ionic conductive agent and an electronic conductive agent.
- Examples of the ion conductive agent include the following. LiCF 3 SO 3 , NaClO 4 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , NaSCN, KSCN, NaCl Group 1 metal salt, NH 4 Cl, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 ammonium salts, Ca (ClO 4) 2, Ba (ClO 4) 2 of the periodic table group 2 metal salts, these salts and 1,4-butanediol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol Complexes of polyhydric alcohols and their derivatives, complexes of these salts with ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, monool of polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether, quaternary ammonium salt
- Ionic Surface active agents fatty acid salts, alkyl sulfates, anionic surfactants
- Examples of the electronic conductive agent include the following. Carbon black, carbonaceous material of graphite, aluminum, silver, gold, tin-lead alloy, copper-nickel alloy metal or alloy, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, indium oxide, silver oxide Metal oxide, various fillers plated with copper, nickel, silver conductive metal.
- These conductivity-imparting agents based on the ion conduction mechanism and the electron conduction mechanism can be used alone or in combination of two or more in the form of powder or fiber.
- carbon black is preferably used from the viewpoint that the conductivity can be easily controlled and is economical.
- the elastic layer 12 contains a silicone rubber containing polysiloxane. This is because even if the elastic roller is heat-treated in the cylindrical mold, a change in physical properties hardly occurs.
- Silicone rubber may be used alone, or one or more kinds selected from natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene rubber, butyl rubber, butadiene rubber, fluorine rubber, and urethane rubber may be used in combination with silicone rubber.
- silicone rubber examples include the following. Polydimethylsiloxane, polymethyltrifluoropropylsiloxane, polymethylvinylsiloxane, polytrifluoropropylvinylsiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane, polyphenylvinylsiloxane, and copolymers of these polysiloxanes.
- the silicone rubber constituting the elastic layer 12 contains cyclic siloxane in order to further reduce the compression set.
- cyclic siloxane is contained in silicone rubber, but the content may be controlled by blending cyclic siloxane having no reactivity in advance.
- the content of the cyclic siloxane contained in the elastic layer is preferably 5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
- the content of the cyclic siloxane contained in the elastic layer can be determined from the weight change before and after the silicone rubber elastic layer is cut out to an appropriate size and immersed in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) for 24 hours to extract the cyclic siloxane. it can.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- Examples of the material used for the surface layer 13 include the following. Epoxy resin, diallyl phthalate resin, polycarbonate resin, fluororesin, polypropylene resin, urea resin, melamine resin, silicon resin, polyester resin, styrene resin, vinyl acetate resin, phenol resin, polyamide resin, fiber resin, urethane resin, Silicone resin, acrylic urethane resin, water-based resin. It is also possible to use a combination of two or more of these. In the developing roller and the charging roller, it is particularly preferable to use a urethane resin or an acrylic urethane resin, which is a nitrogen-containing compound, in order to control the charging property of the toner. Among them, the developing roller and the charging roller are made of a urethane resin obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound and a polyol. It is more preferable.
- isocyanate compound examples include the following. Diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, Carbodiimide-modified MDI, xylylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, naphthylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate. Moreover, these mixtures can also be used and the mixing ratio may be any ratio.
- divalent polyol ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, sorbitol as xylene glycol, triethylene glycol, trivalent or higher polyol.
- polyols such as high molecular weight polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block glycol obtained by adding ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to diol and triol can be used.
- these mixtures can also be used and the mixing ratio may be any ratio.
- the surface layer 13 may contain a conductive agent in order to adjust the electric resistance of the elastic roller.
- a conductive agent in order to adjust the electric resistance of the elastic roller.
- Specific examples of the conductive agent contained include those similar to those exemplified as the conductive agent used for the elastic layer.
- the thickness of the surface layer 13 is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 500.0 ⁇ m or less. Furthermore, it is more preferable that they are 1.0 micrometer or more and 50.0 micrometers or less. By making the surface layer 13 1.0 ⁇ m or more, durability can be provided. Further, when the thickness is 500.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50.0 ⁇ m or less, the MD-1 hardness can be lowered, and wear of the photosensitive drum can be suppressed.
- the thickness of the surface layer 13 in the present invention refers to a cross section in the thickness direction of the surface layer using a digital microscope VHX-600 manufactured by Keyence Corporation, and a flat portion of the surface layer surface from the interface between the surface layer and the elastic layer. The arithmetic mean value of arbitrary 5 points of the distance to.
- the MD-1 hardness of the elastic roller 10 is preferably 25.0 ° or more and 40.0 ° or less. By setting the angle to 25.0 ° or more, deformation due to the contact member can be suppressed. Further, by setting the angle to 40.0 ° or less, the wear of the photosensitive drum can be suppressed.
- the MD-1 hardness is a value of micro rubber hardness measured in a room controlled at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 50% RH using a micro rubber hardness meter MD-1 type manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd. .
- the surface roughness of the elastic roller 10 is not particularly limited, but it is appropriately adjusted and used for the purpose of obtaining a high-quality image by securing the developer conveyance force and suppressing ghost and density unevenness with sufficient image density. be able to.
- the surface layer 13 As a means for controlling the surface roughness, it is effective to make the surface layer 13 contain particles having a desired particle diameter. It is also possible to form a desired surface roughness by appropriately performing a polishing treatment before and after forming the surface layer. In that case, when a plurality of elastic layers are formed, a polishing process may be performed after the plurality of layers are formed. In the case of forming the elastic layer and the surface layer, the surface layer may be formed after the polishing process is performed after the elastic layer is formed, or the polishing process may be performed after the surface layer is formed.
- metal particles and resin particles having a particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 30.0 ⁇ m or less can be used.
- resin particles that are highly flexible, have a relatively small specific gravity, and easily obtain the stability of the paint are more preferable.
- the resin particles include urethane particles, nylon particles, acrylic particles, and silicone particles. These resin particles can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the case where a plurality of surface layers are formed, all of the plurality of layers may contain particles, or at least one of the plurality of layers may contain particles.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a compression set mitigating apparatus according to the method for producing a regenerative elastic roller of the present invention.
- the compression set relaxation device 20 includes a cylindrical mold 21, a lower hot plate 22, and an upper hot plate 23.
- a heater (not shown) is installed inside the lower hot plate and the upper hot plate, and the temperature of the cylindrical mold installed between the lower hot plate and the upper hot plate can be arbitrarily adjusted.
- the cylindrical mold 21 includes a first piece 25 and a second piece for holding a cylindrical pipe 24 and the conductive shaft core 11 of the elastic roller 10 disposed at both ends of the pipe. And the piece 26.
- a heater (not shown) that can control the conductive shaft core 11 to a desired temperature may be installed on the conductive shaft core 11 installed in the cylindrical mold 21.
- the inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe 24 is required to be able to be inserted into the cylindrical pipe 24 without damaging the elastic roller 10 at room temperature. Further, when the elastic roller is heated to a desired temperature in the cylindrical mold and the elastic layer of the elastic roller is thermally expanded, the inner diameter of the cylindrical mold is set so that the surface of the elastic roller contacts the inner wall of the cylindrical mold. Appropriate control is required.
- the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe 24 is reasonably smooth so that the elastic roller surface is in sufficient contact when the elastic roller is heated to a desired temperature in the cylindrical mold and the elastic layer of the elastic roller is thermally expanded. Preferably it is formed.
- the elastic roller 10 that relieves compression set is inserted into the cylindrical pipe 24 at room temperature.
- the first die 25 and the second piece 26 are installed at both ends of the pipe so as to hold the conductive shaft core 11 of the elastic roller 10 to constitute the cylindrical mold 21.
- the cylindrical mold 21 holding the elastic roller 10 is installed on the lower heating plate 22, and the upper heating plate 23 is installed thereon.
- the elastic roller 10 is adjusted to a desired temperature by heating the heaters installed in the lower heat plate 22 and the upper heat plate 23 and, if necessary, the heater connected to the conductive shaft core 11. Start processing. When the desired processing time has elapsed, the heating of the heater is stopped, the cylindrical die 21 is cooled, the elastic roller 10 is taken out, and the compression set relaxation processing is completed.
- the temperature of the compression set relaxation treatment may be appropriately selected in order to achieve a desired amount of compression set relaxation.
- the treatment temperature is preferably 120 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower. It is preferable to set the temperature to 120 ° C. or more because thermal distortion is imparted to the bonding of the resin material constituting the elastic layer, and the bonding distortion can be sufficiently relaxed.
- both the cylindrical mold and the conductive shaft core may be heated.
- the temperature of the conductive shaft core is higher than the temperature of the cylindrical mold within the range of the processing temperature.
- the compression set relaxation time may be appropriately selected in order to achieve a desired compression set relaxation amount. If the compression set relaxation apparatus as described above is used, it is possible to achieve the relaxation of the compression set of the elastic layer.
- the amount of compression set of the elastic roller 10 can be measured using a laser displacement sensor (LT-9500V (trade name), manufactured by Keyence Corporation).
- a laser displacement sensor is installed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the elastic roller 10, and the elastic roller 10 is rotationally driven at an arbitrary rotational speed to read a circumferential displacement of the surface of the elastic roller 10, thereby generating a compression set.
- the amount of compression set of the part was measured.
- the amount of compression set was measured at 5 points with a pitch of 43 mm in the longitudinal direction, and an average value of 5 points was obtained.
- the outer diameter of the elastic roller 10 can be measured using a digital dimension measuring device (LS-7000 (trade name), manufactured by Keyence Corporation).
- a digital dimension measuring device was installed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the elastic roller 10, and the elastic roller 10 was rotationally driven at an arbitrary rotation number to measure the outer diameter of the elastic roller 10 in the circumferential direction.
- the outer diameter of the elastic roller 10 was measured at 5 points with a pitch of 43 mm in the longitudinal direction, and an average value of 5 points was obtained.
- Example 1 ⁇ Production of elastic roller>
- an elastic roller was produced in which an elastic layer and a resin layer as a surface layer were provided one by one as a coating layer around a cylindrical conductive shaft core.
- a SUS304 metal core having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 279 mm was used.
- liquid silicone rubber was prepared by the following method. First, the materials listed in Table 1 below were mixed to obtain a liquid silicone rubber base material.
- a conductive shaft core is placed in the center of a cylindrical mold having an inner diameter of 12 mm, and this liquid silicone rubber is injected into the cylindrical mold from the injection port, and is heated and cured at a temperature of 120 ° C. for 5 minutes, until it reaches room temperature. After cooling, the elastic layer integrated with the conductive shaft core was removed. Further, the curing reaction was completed by heating at a temperature of 150 ° C. for 4 hours, and an elastic layer mainly composed of silicone rubber having a thickness of 3 mm was provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive shaft core.
- the excimer process of the elastic layer surface was performed on condition of the following. That is, the accumulated light amount becomes 120 mJ / cm 2 by a capillary excimer lamp (manufactured by Harrison Toshiba Lighting Co., Ltd.) capable of irradiating ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 172 nm while rotating the elastic layer surface at 30 rpm with the conductive shaft core as the rotation axis. Irradiation was performed as follows. The distance between the elastic layer surface and the excimer lamp at the time of irradiation was 2 mm.
- the surface of the elastic layer was covered with a resin layer by the following method.
- the materials listed in Table 2 below were mixed stepwise in a methyl ethyl ketone solvent and allowed to react at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the NCO equivalent represents a ratio ([NCO] / [OH]) between the number of moles of isocyanate groups in the isocyanate compound and the number of moles of hydroxyl groups in the polyol component.
- the conductive shaft core having the elastic layer formed therein was immersed in the resin layer raw material liquid, and then pulled up and allowed to dry naturally. Next, a heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 140 ° C. for 60 minutes to cure the resin layer raw material liquid to obtain a resin layer having an average thickness of 12.0 ⁇ m as a surface layer. Furthermore, both ends of the coating layer were cut off and removed perpendicularly to the conductive shaft core, and the length of the coating layer was adjusted to 235 mm.
- the outer diameter is about 12 mm
- the length of the coating layer is 235 mm
- Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) B 0601 An elastic roller having a center line average roughness Ra of 1.7 ⁇ m according to the 1994 surface roughness standard was produced.
- the content of cyclic siloxane in the elastic layer was 10% by mass.
- the obtained elastic roller is electrophotographic image forming apparatus (trade name: ColorLaser).
- a black process cartridge for Jet 3600 (manufactured by HP) is mounted as a developing roller, and the elastic roller is kept in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive drum, and left in an environment of 40 ° C. and humidity 95% RH for 30 days. did.
- the elastic roller was taken out of the electrophotographic process cartridge, and the amount of compression set of the portion of the elastic roller where the electrophotographic photosensitive drum was in contact was measured in an environment of 25 ° C. This value is the initial compression set amount.
- the initial compression set was 10.5 ⁇ m.
- the outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was measured by the aforementioned outer diameter measuring apparatus, and was found to be 11.94 mm.
- the elastic roller in which the compression set was generated was placed in the cylindrical pipe of the compression set relaxation device 20 described above, and the compression set of the elastic roller was relaxed.
- the cylindrical pipe 24 used had an inner diameter of 12.00 mm when measured in an environment at a temperature of 25 ° C.
- heating was performed so that the temperature of the cylindrical mold was 150 ° C., and heating was performed so that the temperature of the conductive shaft core of the elastic roller was 170 ° C.
- the relaxation treatment time was 60 seconds.
- the surface is heated uniformly to 150 ° C. using an infrared lamp while rotating, and the temperature of the conductive shaft core is 170 ° C.
- the outer diameter of the elastic roller when heated in this manner was 12.46 mm.
- the inner diameter of the cylindrical pipe 24 when the temperature of the cylindrical mold was heated to 150 ° C. was 12.03 mm.
- the surface of the elastic roller is considered to be in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical mold.
- the elastic roller After completion of the compression set relaxation treatment step, the elastic roller was taken out of the cylindrical pipe and left in an environment at a temperature of 25 ° C., and the temperature of the elastic roller was cooled to the environmental temperature.
- the elastic roller thus obtained is called a regenerative elastic roller.
- the amount of compression set and the outer diameter of the regenerated elastic roller were measured. Let each be the amount of compression set after the relaxation treatment and the outer diameter after the relaxation treatment. As a result, the amount of compression set after the relaxation treatment was 3.5 ⁇ m, and the outer diameter after the relaxation treatment was 11.93 mm.
- the residual ratio of compression set of the regenerative elastic roller according to this example was 33%. Furthermore, the ratio of the decrease amount of the outer diameter before and after the treatment to the outer diameter of the elastic roller before the treatment was obtained as the outer diameter reduction rate. The outer diameter reduction rate at this time was 0.084%.
- the regenerated elastic roller was again mounted as a developing roller on the electrophotographic process cartridge for the electrophotographic image forming apparatus.
- the electrophotographic process cartridge was loaded into the electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and one halftone image was output in an environment of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%.
- the halftone image is an image in which a horizontal line having a width of 1 dot and an interval of 2 dots is drawn in the rotation direction and the vertical direction of the electrophotographic photosensitive drum.
- the three halftone images that were output were visually checked for the occurrence of streaks due to compression set of the developing roller and evaluated according to the criteria described in Table 3 below.
- Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.3 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, the evaluation was performed after the same time as in Example 1 except that the compression set relaxation treatment was not performed. In this case, the amount of compression set corresponding to the amount of compression set after relaxation in Example 1 was 9.2 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.2 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, instead of the compression set relaxation treatment of Example 1, the surface of the elastic roller was heated using an infrared lamp. At this time, the elastic roller was rotated and heated using an infrared lamp so that the surface was uniformly 150 ° C., and further the heat treatment was performed for 60 seconds so that the temperature of the conductive shaft core was 170 ° C. . Thereafter, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. In this case, the amount of compression set corresponding to the amount of compression set after relaxation in Example 1 was 7.5 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The amount of initial compression set was 10.3 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, evaluation was performed after the compression set was relaxed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 100 ° C. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 4.5 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.92 mm.
- Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The amount of initial compression set was 10.6 ⁇ m. At this time, the outer diameter of the elastic roller was 11.95 mm. Next, the compression set was subjected to relaxation treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 150 ° C., and evaluation was performed. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 4.0 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm.
- Example 4 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.4 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, the compression set was also subjected to a relaxation treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 160 ° C., and then evaluated. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 3.1 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.93 mm.
- Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.3 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, the compression set was subjected to relaxation treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 200 ° C., and evaluation was performed. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 2.7 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.92 mm.
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.4 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.93 mm. Next, the compression set was relaxed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the cylindrical mold was changed to 130 ° C. and the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 100 ° C., and then the evaluation was performed. It was. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 5.2 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.93 mm.
- Example 7 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.1 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, the compression set was relaxed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the cylindrical mold was changed to 130 ° C. and the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 130 ° C., and then the evaluation was performed. It was. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 4.2 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm.
- Example 8 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.2 ⁇ m. At this time, the outer diameter of the elastic roller was 11.95 mm. Next, the compression set was relaxed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the cylindrical mold was changed to 130 ° C. and the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 150 ° C., and then the evaluation was performed. It was. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 3.0 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm.
- Example 9 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.4 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, the compression set was relaxed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the cylindrical mold was changed to 170 ° C. and the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 100 ° C., and then the evaluation was performed. It was. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 4.0 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.93 mm.
- Example 10 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.6 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, the compression set was relaxed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the cylindrical mold was changed to 170 ° C. and the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 170 ° C., and then the evaluation was performed. It was. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 3.3 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.92 mm.
- Example 11 In the same manner as in Example 1, after forming an elastic roller, compression set was formed. The initial compression set was 10.4 ⁇ m. At this time, the outer diameter of the elastic roller was 11.95 mm. Next, the compression set was relaxed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the cylindrical mold was changed to 170 ° C. and the heating temperature of the conductive shaft core was changed to 200 ° C., and then the evaluation was performed. It was. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 2.5 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.93 mm.
- Example 12 An elastic roller was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of cyclic polysiloxane added was changed to 5 parts by mass when producing the elastic roller. The content of cyclic siloxane in the elastic layer was 3% by mass. Thereafter, compression set was formed in the same manner as in Example 1. The initial compression set was 9.8 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, after carrying out the relaxation process of compression set like Example 1, it evaluated. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 3.5 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm.
- Example 13 An elastic roller was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of cyclic polysiloxane added was changed to 10 parts by mass when the elastic roller was produced. The content of cyclic siloxane in the elastic layer was 5% by mass. Thereafter, compression set was formed in the same manner as in Example 1. The initial compression set was 10.1 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm. Next, after carrying out the relaxation process of compression set like Example 1, it evaluated. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 3.0 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.94 mm.
- Example 14 An elastic roller was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of cyclic polysiloxane added was changed to 25 parts by mass when the elastic roller was produced. The content of cyclic siloxane in the elastic layer was 20% by mass. Thereafter, compression set was formed in the same manner as in Example 1. The initial compression set was 10.7 ⁇ m. At this time, the outer diameter of the elastic roller was 11.95 mm. Next, after carrying out the relaxation process of compression set like Example 1, it evaluated. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 2.3 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.93 mm.
- Example 15 An elastic roller was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of cyclic polysiloxane added was changed to 30 parts by mass when the elastic roller was produced. The content of cyclic siloxane in the elastic layer was 25% by mass. Thereafter, compression set was formed in the same manner as in Example 1. The initial compression set was 10.8 ⁇ m. The outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.93 mm. Next, after carrying out the relaxation process of compression set like Example 1, it evaluated. The amount of compression set after relaxation was 2.2 ⁇ m. Further, the outer diameter of the elastic roller at this time was 11.90 mm.
- the compression set amount before and after the relaxation treatment, the compression set residual rate, the outer diameter size before and after the relaxation treatment, the outer diameter reduction amount and the outer diameter reduction rate, and the regenerative elastic roller were used as the developing roller.
- Table 4 shows the results of the image evaluation.
- the compression set residual rate, and the process corresponding to the relaxation process according to the example (left)
- the outer diameter before and after, the outer diameter reduction amount and the outer diameter reduction rate, and an image when the elastic roller after the processing (including leaving) corresponding to the relaxation processing according to the embodiment is used as the developing roller.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
- Example 16 an elastic roller was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a cylindrical mold having an inner diameter of 8.5 mm was used in the elastic layer forming step.
- This elastic roller is connected to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus (trade name: Color A charging roller was mounted on a black electrophotographic process cartridge (Laser Jet 3600, manufactured by HP). Then, the electrophotographic process cartridge was allowed to stand in an environment of a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 95% RH for 30 days with the elastic roller in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive drum. Thereafter, the elastic roller was taken out of the electrophotographic process cartridge, and the amount of compression set and the outer diameter were measured. The amount of compression set was 7.3 ⁇ m, and the outer diameter was 8.44 mm.
- Example 2 a compression elastic relaxation treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cylindrical pipe 24 having an inner diameter of 8.50 mm measured in an environment at a temperature of 25 ° C. was used to obtain a regenerated elastic roller.
- the regenerated elastic roller was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the amount of compression set after the relaxation treatment was 3.2 ⁇ m.
- the outer diameter after the relaxation treatment was 8.44 mm. Accordingly, the compression set residual rate at this time was 44%, and the outer diameter reduction rate was 0.000%.
- the regenerative elastic roller is mounted on the electrophotographic process cartridge as a charging roller, and the electrophotographic process cartridge is mounted on the main body of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus. A tone image was output.
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Abstract
Description
第2に、ゴム中には低分子成分が存在することが知られている。そのため、弾性層の一部に継続的に力が加わると、低分子成分が、相対的に圧力の低い部分に移動しているものと考えられる。すなわち、低分子成分が、加圧されていた部分の周囲に押出され、非加圧部分もしくは相対的に加圧力の低い部分に偏在した状態となっているものと考えられる。そして、圧力が解放された後にも、この状態が維持される結果、加圧部分では、変形が容易には回復しにくくなっており、これが圧縮永久歪みの一因であると考えられる。
これらの現象に起因して圧縮永久歪みが生じている弾性層を有する弾性ローラを円筒金型内で加熱した場合、まず、ポリマーの分子運動が活発化し、ポリマー鎖の絡まりあいが解れてくる。
本発明に係る再生弾性ローラの製造方法における再生の対象となる弾性ローラは、電子写真プロセスを利用した画像形成装置に用いられている各種の弾性ローラである。具体的には、現像ローラ、帯電ローラ、転写ローラ、定着ローラ、クリーニングローラ等が挙げられる。かかる弾性ローラは、図1Aと図1Bに示したように、導電性の軸芯体11と、軸芯体11の周囲に形成された弾性層12と、表面層13とを有する。
軸芯体11としては、炭素鋼、合金鋼、鋳鉄、導電性樹脂からなるものを用いることができる。
弾性層12としては中実体、発泡体のいずれであってもよい。弾性層はゴムを含む。具体的なゴム材料の例を以下に挙げる。天然ゴム、イソプレンゴム、スチレンゴム、ブチルゴム、ブタジエンゴム、フッ素ゴム、ウレタンゴム、シリコーンゴム等。これらのゴム材料は1種又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。弾性層12には、低硬度及び低圧縮永久歪みの特性を阻害しない範囲内で、充填剤を添加しても良い。
表面層13として用いられる材料としては、以下のものが挙げられる。エポキシ樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、フッ素樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、珪素樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、スチロール系樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、繊維素系樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、アクリルウレタン樹脂、水系樹脂。また、これらを2種類以上組み合わせて使用することも可能である。現像ローラや帯電ローラにおいては、特に含窒素化合物であるウレタン樹脂、アクリルウレタン樹脂を用いることがトナーの帯電性を制御する上で好ましく、中でもイソシアネート化合物とポリオールを反応させて得られるウレタン樹脂からなることがより好ましい。
次に、使用に伴って弾性層に圧縮永久歪みの生じた弾性ローラの当該圧縮永久歪みを緩和させて再生弾性ローラを製造する方法について詳述する。
当該方法は、円筒金型内に、再生対象となる弾性層に圧縮永久歪みの生じた弾性ローラを入れて該弾性ローラを加熱し、弾性層を熱膨張させることにより、該弾性ローラの表面を円筒金型の内壁に接触させる工程を有する。
図2は、本発明の再生弾性ローラの製造方法に係わる、圧縮永久歪み緩和装置の一例を示す概略構成図である。図2において、圧縮永久歪み緩和装置20は、円筒金型21、下側熱板22および上側熱板23により構成される。下側熱板および上側熱板は、内部に不図示のヒーターが設置され、下側熱板および上側熱板の間に設置した円筒金型の温度を任意に調整することができる。円筒金型21は、図3に示すように、円筒状パイプ24と、パイプの両端に配設された弾性ローラ10の導電性軸芯体11を保持するための第1の駒25、第2の駒26とで構成される。円筒金型21に設置した導電性軸芯体11には、導電性軸芯体11を所望の温度に制御できるような不図示のヒーターを設置しても良い。
また、さらに、円筒金型と導電性軸芯体との双方を加熱しても良い。この場合、上記処理温度の範囲内で、導電性軸芯体の温度が円筒金型の温度よりも高くなるように制御することが好ましい。圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理の時間は所望の圧縮永久歪みの緩和量を達成するために適宜選択すれば良い。以上のような圧縮永久歪み緩和装置を用いれば、弾性層の圧縮永久歪みの緩和を達成することが可能となる。
弾性ローラ10の圧縮永久歪みの量は、レーザ変位センサ(LT-9500V(商品名)、キーエンス社製)を用いて測定できる。
弾性ローラ10の表面に対して垂直方向にレーザ変位センサを設置し、弾性ローラ10を任意の回転数で回転駆動して弾性ローラ10表面の周方向の変位を読み取り、圧縮永久歪みを生じている部分の圧縮永久歪みの量を測定した。圧縮永久歪みの量は、長手方向に43mmピッチの5点で測定を行い、5点の平均値とした。
弾性ローラ10の外径は、デジタル寸法測定器(LS-7000(商品名)、キーエンス社製)を用いて測定できる。弾性ローラ10の表面に対して垂直方向にデジタル寸法測定器を設置し、弾性ローラ10を任意の回転数で回転駆動して弾性ローラ10の周方向の外径を測定した。弾性ローラ10の外径は、長手方向に43mmピッチの5点で測定を行い、5点の平均値とした。
<弾性ローラの作製>
以下の手順により、円柱状の導電性軸芯体の周囲に、被覆層として、弾性層と表面層としての樹脂層を1層ずつ設けた弾性ローラを作製した。導電性軸芯体として、直径6mm、長さ279mmのSUS304製の芯金を用いた。
下記表2に記載の材料を、メチルエチルケトン溶媒中で段階的に混合して、窒素雰囲気下、温度80℃にて6時間反応させ、重量平均分子量Mw=10000、水酸基価20.0(mg・KOH/g)、分子量分散度Mw/Mn=2.9、Mz/Mw=2.5の2官能のポリウレタンプレポリマーを得た。
B 0601:1994表面粗さの規格における中心線平均粗さRaが1.7μmの弾性ローラを作製した。弾性層中の環状シロキサンの含有量は10質量%であった。
得られた弾性ローラを電子写真画像形成装置(商品名:ColorLaser
Jet3600、HP社製)用の黒色用プロセスカートリッジに現像ローラとして装着し、当該弾性ローラを電子写真感光体ドラムに当接させた状態で温度40℃、湿度95%RHの環境に30日間静置した。
その後、当該電子写真プロセスカートリッジから弾性ローラを取り出し、温度25℃の環境下で、弾性ローラの電子写真感光体ドラムが当接していた部分の圧縮永久歪み量を測定した。この値を、初期の圧縮永久歪み量とする。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は、10.5μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径を前述の外径測定装置により測定した結果、11.94mmであった。
次に、前述の圧縮永久歪み緩和装置20の円筒状パイプ内に、上記で圧縮永久歪みを生じさせた弾性ローラを入れ、弾性ローラの圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った。
円筒状パイプ24は、温度25℃の環境下で測定したときの内径が12.00mmのものを用いた。緩和処理の条件としては、円筒金型の温度が150℃になるように加熱し、また、弾性ローラの導電性軸芯体の温度が170℃になるように加熱した。また、緩和処理の時間は60秒とした。
再生弾性ローラを再び上記電子写真画像形成装置用の電子写真プロセスカートリッジに現像ローラとして装着した。次いで、この電子写真プロセスカートリッジを上記電子写真画像形成装置に装填し、温度25℃、相対湿度50%の環境において、1枚のハーフトーン画像を出力した。ここでハーフトーン画像とは、電子写真感光体ドラムの回転方向と垂直方向とに幅1ドット、間隔2ドットの横線を描くような画像である。
出力した3枚のハーフトーン画像について、現像ローラの圧縮永久歪みに起因するスジ等の発生状況を目視で確認し、下記表3に記載の基準にて評価した。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.3μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を実施しなかった以外は、実施例1と同じ時間を経過した後に評価を行った。この場合の実施例1の緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量に対応する圧縮永久歪み量は9.2μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.2μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、実施例1の圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理の代わりに、赤外線ランプを用いて弾性ローラ表面の加熱を行った。このとき、弾性ローラを回転駆動し、赤外線ランプを用いて表面が均一に150℃になるように加熱し、さらに導電性軸芯体の温度を170℃になるように60秒間加熱処理を行った。その後、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。この場合の実施例1の緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量に対応する圧縮永久歪み量は7.5μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪みの量は10.3μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を100℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は4.5μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.92mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪みの量は10.6μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.95mmであった。次に、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を150℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は4.0μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.4μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を160℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みも緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は3.1μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.93mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.3μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を200℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は2.7μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.92mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.4μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.93mmであった。次に、円筒金型の温度を130℃、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を100℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は5.2μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.93mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.1μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、円筒金型の温度を130℃、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を130℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は4.2μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.2μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.95mmであった。次に、円筒金型の温度を130℃、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を150℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は3.0μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.4μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、円筒金型の温度を170℃、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を100℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は4.0μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.93mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.6μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。次に、円筒金型の温度を170℃、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を170℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は3.3μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.92mmであった。
実施例1と同様にして、弾性ローラを作製した後、圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.4μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.95mmであった。次に、円筒金型の温度を170℃、導電性軸芯体の加熱温度を200℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は2.5μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.93mmであった。
弾性ローラの作製時に環状ポリシロキサンの添加量を5質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして弾性ローラを作製した。弾性層中の環状シロキサンの含有量は3質量%であった。その後、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は9.8μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
次に、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は3.5μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
弾性ローラの作製時に環状ポリシロキサンの添加量を10質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして弾性ローラを作製した。弾性層中の環状シロキサンの含有量は5質量%であった。その後、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.1μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
次に、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は3.0μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.94mmであった。
弾性ローラの作製時に環状ポリシロキサンの添加量を25質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして弾性ローラを作製した。弾性層中の環状シロキサンの含有量は20質量%であった。その後、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.7μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.95mmであった。次に、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は2.3μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.93mmであった。
弾性ローラの作製時に環状ポリシロキサンの添加量を30質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして弾性ローラを作製した。弾性層中の環状シロキサンの含有量は25質量%であった。その後、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの形成を行った。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は10.8μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.93mmであった。次に、実施例1と同様にして圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を行った後、評価を行った。緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量は2.2μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は11.90mmであった。
実施例1~15について、緩和処理前後の圧縮永久歪み量、圧縮永久歪み残留率、緩和処理前後の外径寸法、外径減少量および外径減少率、および再生弾性ローラを現像ローラとして用いたときの画像評価の結果を表4に示す。
また、比較例1~2について、実施例に係る緩和処理に相当する処理(放置も含む)の前後の圧縮永久歪み量、圧縮永久歪み残留率、実施例に係る緩和処理に相当する処理(放置も含む)の前後の外径寸法、外径減少量および外径減少率、および、実施例に係る緩和処理に相当する処理(放置も含む)後の弾性ローラを現像ローラに用いたときの画像評価の結果を表5に示す。
実施例1において、弾性層の形成工程における円筒型金型として、内径が8.5mmのものを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして弾性ローラを作成した。
この弾性ローラを、電子写真画像形成装置(商品名:Color
Laser Jet3600、HP社製)の黒色用の電子写真プロセスカートリッジに帯電ローラとして装着した。そして、電子写真感光体ドラムに対して当該弾性ローラを当接させた状態で、この電子写真プロセスカートリッジを温度40℃、湿度95%RHの環境に30日間静置した。その後、当該電子写真プロセスカートリッジから弾性ローラを取り出して圧縮永久歪み量および外径を測定した。圧縮永久歪み量は7.3μm、外径は8.44mmであった。
次いで、この再生弾性ローラを、上記電子写真プロセスカートリッジに帯電ローラとして装着し、この電子写真プロセスカートリッジを上記電子写真画像形成装置の本体に装填して、実施例1と同様にして3枚のハーフトーン画像を出力した。
帯電ローラに大きな圧縮永久歪みが生じている場合には、圧縮永久歪みが生じている部分において電子写真感光体ドラムの電位が乱れ、その結果として、電子写真画像に帯電ローラの回転周期で、当該圧縮永久歪みに起因するスジが発生する。
しかし、本実施例において出力したハーフトーン画像には、目視による観察では、帯電ローラの圧縮永久歪みに起因するスジ等の欠陥は認められなかった。
実施例16と同様にして、帯電ローラに圧縮永久歪みを形成した。初期の圧縮永久歪み量は7.1μmであった。また、このときの外径は8.45mmであった。次に、圧縮永久歪みの緩和処理を実施しなかった以外は、実施例1と同じ時間を経過した後に評価を行った。この場合の実施例1の緩和後の圧縮永久歪み量に対応する圧縮永久歪み量は6.8μmであった。また、このときの弾性ローラの外径は8.45mmであった。
従って、このときの圧縮永久歪み残留率は96%、外径減少率は0.000%であった。
次いで、本比較例に係る帯電ローラを用いた以外は実施例16と同様にしてハーフトーン画像を出力した。その結果、目視でCセットに起因するスジが画像上に認められた。
11‥‥導電性軸芯体
12‥‥弾性層
13‥‥表面層
20‥‥圧縮永久歪み緩和装置
21‥‥円筒金型
22‥‥下側熱板
23‥‥上側熱板
24‥‥円筒状パイプ
25‥‥第1の駒
26‥‥第2の駒
Claims (4)
- 導電性軸芯体および弾性層を有し、かつ、該弾性層に圧縮永久歪みが生じている弾性ローラを円筒金型内で加熱して該弾性層を熱膨張させて、該弾性ローラの表面を該円筒金型の内壁に接触させる工程を有することを特徴とする再生弾性ローラの製造方法。
- 前記工程が、前記導電性軸芯体の温度が前記円筒金型の温度よりも高くなるように制御しつつ該導電性軸芯体と該円筒金型との双方を加熱する工程を含む請求項1に記載の再生弾性ローラの製造方法。
- 前記弾性層がシリコーンゴムを含む請求項1または2に記載の再生弾性ローラの製造方法。
- 前記弾性層を被覆する表面層を更に有している請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の再生弾性ローラの製造方法。
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EP2624067A4 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
EP2624067B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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KR20130095760A (ko) | 2013-08-28 |
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