WO2012039267A1 - Dispositif de projection laser et système de projection d'image - Google Patents

Dispositif de projection laser et système de projection d'image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012039267A1
WO2012039267A1 PCT/JP2011/070012 JP2011070012W WO2012039267A1 WO 2012039267 A1 WO2012039267 A1 WO 2012039267A1 JP 2011070012 W JP2011070012 W JP 2011070012W WO 2012039267 A1 WO2012039267 A1 WO 2012039267A1
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Prior art keywords
laser
liquid crystal
polarization
scanning
image
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PCT/JP2011/070012
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
賢治 金野
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コニカミノルタオプト株式会社
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Priority to JP2012534983A priority Critical patent/JP5633570B2/ja
Publication of WO2012039267A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012039267A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/10—Scanning systems
    • G02B26/101—Scanning systems with both horizontal and vertical deflecting means, e.g. raster or XY scanners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/24—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type involving temporal multiplexing, e.g. using sequentially activated left and right shutters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3129—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3167—Modulator illumination systems for polarizing the light beam

Definitions

  • Patent Document 2 a projector using a laser light source has been proposed as disclosed in Patent Document 2.
  • the polarization control means is provided in the optical path between the laser light source and the scanning mirror, and the polarization state of the light emitted from the laser light source is temporally changed by rotating the wavelength plate of the polarization control means.
  • the speckle which is a problem peculiar to the laser light source, is reduced.
  • the projector to be used is a pixel type that always emits light, and the operation speed of the polarization switch causes a slight crosstalk (double image) to occur in the transition state of the polarization state. There's a problem.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a laser projection apparatus and an image projection system that are inexpensive and easy to carry and can project a good three-dimensional image.
  • a laser projection apparatus of the present invention comprises a laser light source, A scanning mechanism for two-dimensionally scanning laser light emitted from the laser light source to alternately form right-eye images and left-eye images and projecting images onto a screen with a blanking period between the frames; A polarization converter that changes the polarization state of the incident laser light; And a drive control device that drives the polarization conversion unit for each blanking period so that the polarization states of the laser beams emitted from the polarization conversion unit are alternately orthogonal.
  • the scanning mechanism two-dimensionally scans the laser light emitted from the optical system to form a two-dimensional display image for each frame, and a blanking period between the frames. And projecting an image on the screen,
  • the drive control device may drive the polarization conversion unit for each blanking period so that the polarization state of the laser light emitted from the polarization conversion unit is different.
  • a polarization system that is employed in the present invention.
  • this method by wearing polarizing glasses with polarization filters having polarization state selection characteristics orthogonal to each other on the left and right, one polarization state is observed with one eye and the polarization state orthogonal to it is observed with the other eye. .
  • the orthogonal means the two states opposite to each other when the polarization state is expressed on the Poincare sphere.
  • a screen that maintains the polarization state is necessary, it can be realized with an inexpensive device such as an aluminum foil.
  • the observer since the observer only wears low-cost and lightweight polarized glasses, it is cheap and easy to carry 3D image projection. A system can be realized.
  • the laser scanning projector has a laser light source and scanning means for two-dimensionally scanning the laser light on the screen, and scans the modulated laser light, that is, including video information, by the scanning means to project an image. It is a laser projection device.
  • a two-dimensional spatial modulation element such as a liquid crystal element or DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) is illuminated and a modulated image is projected by a projection lens.
  • the laser scanning projector can be miniaturized because it does not require a projection lens.
  • the above-described polarization method when adopted as the three-dimensional image projection, there is an advantage that light can be output without loss if it is a laser scanning projector.
  • the polarization method it is necessary to create different polarization states for the right-eye image and the left-eye image, and the light emitted from the projection device needs to be polarized.
  • the polarization state In a projection device using a general lamp or LED (Light Emitting Diode) or a projection device using a diffuser plate or a rod integrator in the illumination optical system even if a laser light source is used, the polarization state is not uniform and generally Unpolarized state. Therefore, in order to perform polarization type three-dimensional image projection using these projection apparatuses, it is generally necessary to dispose a polarizing plate on the exit side.
  • a polarizing plate when a polarizing plate is arranged, only 50% of light can be used to polarize non-polarized light (50% of light is absorbed by the polarizing plate). Further, since the polarizing plate usually has a transmittance of 80 to 90% even in the transmission polarization state, energy is further lost. Therefore, the brightness of the light after passing through the polarizing plate becomes less than half that before the transmission, or it is not preferable because more power needs to be input to obtain the same brightness.
  • the laser scanning method since the laser light source is originally polarized, light can be output without loss by aligning the polarization state of each RGB color.
  • a raster method is used as a scanning method.
  • the raster method is a combination of a first scanning direction (screen vertical direction) that scans at a low speed and a second scanning direction (screen horizontal direction) that scans at a high speed, or vice versa.
  • This is a method of drawing scanning lines in the direction.
  • Blanking time that does not emit laser and does not display screen because speed is zero at both ends in the first scanning direction and time to return from bottom to top (or vice versa) is required for reciprocating scanning. There is a time called. This blanking time corresponds to the screen switching time, that is, there is a blanking time for each drawing of one frame.
  • the polarization state is changed during the blanking time by the polarization conversion unit that changes the polarization state of the incident light.
  • the polarization conversion unit a liquid crystal element, a phase plate, an optical rotator, or the like can be used. Thereby, since it projects in the same polarization state within one frame, it is possible to perform good three-dimensional image projection without crosstalk.
  • the light source In the case of a general projection device (pixel type using a liquid crystal element or DMD), the light source always emits light, so that an image is projected while the polarization state is changed for stereoscopic display, and the polarization is changed. Since the state change is usually short but takes a certain time, the transition state results in an image in which both polarization states are mixed, and crosstalk occurs. Moreover, in order to prevent the occurrence of crosstalk, it is possible to stop the light emission of the light source during the blanking time or to display the black screen, but this causes an increase in cost and a decrease in brightness. In this respect, the laser scanning method is preferable because it only uses the blanking time that is originally present, and therefore no system change is required.
  • the laser projection apparatus 101 of the present invention includes a laser light source 110, an optical system 120 that combines laser light from the laser light source 110, a liquid crystal element 131 as a polarization conversion unit, and a drive control device 132 that drives the liquid crystal element 131. , Including a scanning mechanism 140 that reflects the laser light emitted from the optical system 120 by the reflection unit 141 and scans the screen 201 two-dimensionally, and a mirror 151, and further includes a laser driving circuit 107 and an image processing circuit 108. It also has.
  • the image processing circuit 108 drives the laser drive circuit 107 and the reflection unit drive circuit 142 in synchronization with each other based on image data input from an image generation apparatus such as a personal computer (not shown), thereby inputting an input image on the screen 201.
  • An image processing circuit 108 receives right-eye image data and left-eye image data alternately, and the screen 201 alternately projects right-eye images and left-eye images whose polarization states are orthogonal to each other. By looking at the screen 201, a three-dimensional image sensation can be obtained by binocular parallax.
  • each component will be described in detail.
  • the laser light source 110 includes a laser element 111G that generates G (green) light, a laser element 111R that generates R (red) light, and a laser element 111B that generates B (blue) light.
  • the laser element 111G is configured by, for example, a semiconductor-pumped solid-state laser that generates light having a wavelength of 532 nm using second harmonic generation by a PPLN waveguide.
  • the laser element 111R is configured by, for example, a semiconductor laser that generates light having a wavelength of 638 nm.
  • the laser element 111B is configured by, for example, a semiconductor laser that generates light having a wavelength of 445 nm.
  • the green light source may be a semiconductor light source that generates light having a wavelength of 510 nm.
  • the modulation is controlled by the laser driving circuit 107.
  • the optical system 120 includes collimating lenses 121G, 121R, 121B provided corresponding to the laser elements 111G, 111R, 111B, and dichroic mirrors 122-1, 122- provided corresponding to the collimating lenses 121G, 121R, 121B. 2 and 122-3.
  • the dichroic mirror 122-3 is a mirror that reflects the B (blue) laser light generated by the laser element 111B and passing through the collimating lens 121B.
  • the dichroic mirror 122-2 is a mirror that transmits the B (blue) laser light and reflects the R (red) laser light generated by the laser element 111R and passing through the collimating lens 121R. .
  • the dichroic mirror 122-2 synthesizes and emits the B (blue) laser light and the R (red) laser light.
  • the dichroic mirror 122-1 combines the B (blue) and R (red) laser lights with the G (green) laser light generated by the laser element 111 G and collimated through the collimating lens 121 G.
  • the laser beam is emitted as a single white laser beam 123.
  • the single white laser beam 123 synthesized is linearly polarized light.
  • the scanning mechanism 140 scans the screen 201 with the reflection unit 141 configured by a mirror that reflects the laser light 123 emitted from the optical system 120 and reflected by the mirror 151 as the scanning light 214, and the screen 201. And a reflection portion driving circuit 142 for driving the reflection portion 141, and a mechanism for scanning the laser beam two-dimensionally on the screen 201.
  • the scanning mechanism 140 is configured by a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) mirror mechanism including a scanning mirror that vibrates in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by a piezoelectric element.
  • MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
  • the time per frame is about 16.7 ms. That is, one period T of the sawtooth waveform 143 shown in FIG. 2 is 16.7 ms.
  • 70% of one cycle T is the screen display period 144, that is, the scanning period from the upper left end to the lower right end, and the remaining 30% corresponds to a so-called blanking period 145. In the example, it is about 5 ms.
  • the blanking period 145 corresponds to a period during which scanning is returned from the lower end to the upper end, and a predetermined period including the start and end times of tilt driving.
  • the liquid crystal element 131 as a polarization conversion unit will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal element 131 is disposed between the optical system 120 and the scanning mechanism 140, and emits the laser light 123 emitted from the optical system 120 to the scanning mechanism 140 with different polarization states. The operation of the liquid crystal element 131 is controlled by the drive control device 132.
  • the liquid crystal element 131 has a structure in which a transparent liquid crystal material is sandwiched between two transparent substrates as a basic structure, and a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal material on the surface on the liquid crystal material side of each substrate.
  • a transparent electrode is provided, and an alignment film is also provided inside each transparent electrode.
  • the liquid crystal element 131 configured as described above allows the laser light 123 emitted from the optical system 120 to pass therethrough and changes the polarization state of the laser light 123 passing therethrough by changing the alignment state of the liquid crystal material by the drive control device 132. To act.
  • the liquid crystal material provided in the liquid crystal element 131 is a smectic liquid crystal or a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a relatively short voltage response time compared to a commonly used TN liquid crystal because of the relationship with the operation control by the drive control device 132 described below. Is preferably used.
  • these liquid crystal materials change the polarization state by birefringence instead of optical rotation as in TN liquid crystal materials.
  • a ferroelectric liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal material, the molecular alignment is slightly changed in the direction perpendicular to the voltage application direction depending on whether or not a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal element, and a phase difference is generated by a change in birefringence generated thereby.
  • the polarization state of the incident beam can be changed.
  • the polarization direction can be changed by 90 degrees.
  • the amount of birefringence to be changed can be controlled by accurately determining the thickness of the liquid crystal element, the liquid crystal material, and the orientation of the molecular arrangement. Therefore, in the case of the liquid crystal element 131 used in the present embodiment, various parameters of the liquid crystal element 131 may be set so that the incident polarization is switched to two polarization states depending on whether a voltage is applied. As a result, the adjustment of the incident polarization state of the laser beam and the axis of the liquid crystal material can be performed more roughly than in the case of the TN liquid crystal, which is also preferable from this point.
  • polarization conversion having birefringence can be used even in the case of incidence of circularly polarized light. In this case, the axial direction of the liquid crystal material can be arbitrarily set, which is preferable.
  • the drive control device 132 that drives the liquid crystal element 131 configured as described above will be described.
  • the drive control device 132 is a device that operates the liquid crystal element 131 during the blanking period 145 to change the polarization state of the laser light 123 emitted from the optical system 120.
  • the laser beam 123 is linearly polarized
  • the drive control device 132 applies a voltage to the liquid crystal element 131 to change the orientation direction of the liquid crystal material to change the birefringence, thereby changing the linearly polarized light. , It is converted into a polarization state of 90 degrees different direction, that is, an orthogonal direction.
  • the drive control device 132 applies a voltage to the liquid crystal element 131 to change the alignment of the liquid crystal material. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the drive control device 132 changes the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 131 simultaneously with the start of the blanking period 145 to start the next blanking period 145. Until the same voltage is maintained. In this embodiment, the period for maintaining the voltage corresponds to one period T of the sawtooth waveform 143. Therefore, the polarization state of the scanning light 214 does not change within the screen display period 144.
  • the polarization state in the laser beam 123 passing through the liquid crystal element 131 is For example, vertical (horizontal), horizontal (vertical), vertical (horizontal),...
  • the positive and negative voltages are applied alternately in order to average the polarization due to the liquid crystal drive.
  • the driving effect is the same for both plus and minus.
  • the liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal element 131 is not changed within the blanking period 145, that is, within the above 5 ms, not only at the rising edge but also at the falling edge.
  • the orientation state can be changed.
  • the direction of the linearly polarized light of the scanning light 214 can be changed by 90 degrees during the blanking period 145 when no screen display is performed, and the polarization of the scanning light 214 is changed within the screen display period 144. Do not change state. Therefore, the laser projection apparatus 101 according to the present embodiment can display a good three-dimensional image without crosstalk.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of liquid crystal driving when the liquid crystal material is ferroelectric liquid crystal
  • the driving voltage may be applied alternately in the positive and negative directions in this way.
  • liquid crystal element 131 instead of the liquid crystal element 131, a phase plate or an optical rotator may be used. In any case, it is sufficient that the operation is controlled by the drive control device 132 so that the polarization state is changed in the blanking period 145.
  • the phase plate since it includes a mechanical drive mechanism, there is a concern about wear, noise, vibration or impact. Therefore, the liquid crystal element 131 having no mechanical drive mechanism is advantageous. Strictly speaking, since the phase plate has a different polarization state at each location, the above-described liquid crystal element having a single pixel can advantageously control any part of the laser light to have a uniform polarization state. .
  • the liquid crystal element 131 may be applied with a constant voltage. It is preferable to drive and control the liquid crystal element 131 as in the case of the original image display (in this case, naturally, polarized glasses are unnecessary). In this way, the speckle state is changed by changing the polarization state for each frame, and as a result, the speckle can be reduced by temporal superposition of the speckle state. In addition, since a uniform polarization state can be realized in one screen, even when projected on a screen whose reflectance depends on the polarization state, a luminance distribution in one screen does not occur and a good two-dimensional image can be displayed.
  • the display frame frequency of the laser projector 101 may not match the frequency of the input image data. For example, when the display frame frequency is 60 Hz (that is, 60 frames per second) and the frequency of the input image data is 59 Hz (that is, 59 frames per second), one display frame is insufficient. The image may be displayed twice in succession. However, since the image for the right eye or the image for the left eye is continuous, in this case, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 131 is maintained in the blanking period so that the polarization state does not change. There is a need. For example, when the display frame frequency is 60 Hz and the frequency of the input image data is 61 Hz (that is, 61 frames per second), one display frame is left, so that the remaining one is not displayed. However, as a result, the right-eye image or the left-eye image continues, and in this case as well, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 131 needs to be maintained in the blanking period so that the polarization state does not change. is there.
  • the liquid crystal element 131 is disposed between the optical system 120 and the scanning mechanism 140, but like the laser projection apparatus 102 shown in FIG.
  • the liquid crystal element 131 may be disposed on the light emission side of the reflection unit 141 of the scanning mechanism 140.
  • a protective glass 105 is attached to the scanning light exit window of the laser projection apparatus 101 (FIG. 1) for the purpose of preventing dust from being reflected on the reflecting portion 141 of the scanning mechanism 140 and preventing the air from swinging.
  • the laser projection device 102 (FIG. 8) has a configuration in which the protective glass 105 for the scanning light exit window is also used as the liquid crystal element 131.
  • Other configurations in the laser projection apparatus 102 are the same as those in the laser projection apparatus 101 described above.
  • the said protective glass is shared by the liquid crystal element 131, there exists an advantage that a number of parts can be reduced compared with the laser projection apparatus 101.
  • FIG. there is a risk of crosstalk occurring around the screen due to the difference in the degree of polarization conversion due to the difference in the angle of incidence on the liquid crystal element 131, and in this respect, the liquid crystal element 131 is not connected to the optical system like the laser projection device 101. It is preferable to dispose between 120 and the scanning mechanism 140 so that the incident angle to the liquid crystal element 131 is only 0 degree.
  • a wavelength plate 162 may be provided on the emission side of the liquid crystal element 131, and linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal element 131 may be converted into circularly polarized light by the wavelength plate 162.
  • a wave plate 161 is provided on the incident side of the liquid crystal element 131, and the linearly polarized laser beam 123 is converted into circularly polarized light by the wave plate 161 and incident on the liquid crystal element 131. Good.
  • the light emitted from the liquid crystal element 131 is converted into right circularly polarized light and left circularly polarized light and emitted. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • a wave plate 161 ′ is provided on the incident side of the liquid crystal element 131, and the linearly polarized laser beam 123 is converted into elliptically polarized light by the wave plate 161 ′ and incident on the liquid crystal element 131. May be.
  • the light emitted from the liquid crystal element 131 is converted into right elliptical polarization and left elliptical polarization and emitted.
  • the wave plate 162 is provided for the right circularly polarized light, the left circularly polarized light, the right elliptical polarized light, and the left elliptical polarized light generated in the configuration shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. You may make it pass, convert into linearly polarized light, and may radiate
  • the beam is incident on the scanning mechanism 140 from an oblique direction so that the incident beam incident on the scanning mechanism 140 and the reflected beam reflected by the scanning mechanism 140 are spatially separated.
  • a so-called angle separation system On the other hand, immediately before the optical path to the scanning mechanism 140, an element (for example, a quarter-wave plate) that rotates the polarization of the beam by 90 degrees in the reciprocating optical path and a polarizing beam splitter are arranged from the scanning mechanism 140 side.
  • a so-called polarization separation system configuration in which the beam incident direction and the reflection direction are substantially the same.
  • the present invention can be applied to a laser projection device that projects an image by scanning laser light two-dimensionally.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de projection laser comprenant : une source de lumière laser ; un mécanisme de balayage qui balaye dans deux dimensions un faisceau laser émis par la source lumineuse du laser et projette une image sur un écran formé par une alternance d'image d'œil droit et d'image d'œil gauche, avec un intervalle d'extinction entre chaque trame ; une unité de conversion de lumière polarisée qui modifie l'état de polarisation du faisceau laser incident ; et un dispositif de commande d'entraînement qui entraîne l'unité de conversion de lumière polarisée à chaque intervalle d'extinction de telle sorte que l'état de polarisation de la lumière laser émise par l'unité de conversion de lumière polarisée est réalisé pour se croiser en alternance.
PCT/JP2011/070012 2010-09-24 2011-09-02 Dispositif de projection laser et système de projection d'image WO2012039267A1 (fr)

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Cited By (5)

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JP2014145798A (ja) * 2013-01-25 2014-08-14 Citizen Holdings Co Ltd 製造方法および製造支援装置
JP2017028331A (ja) * 2016-11-09 2017-02-02 住友電気工業株式会社 光アセンブリ
JP2017076044A (ja) * 2015-10-14 2017-04-20 ホシデン株式会社 レーザ光を用いた投射型表示装置及び該投射型表示装置を用いた車載用ヘッドアップディスプレイ
CN109696750A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2019-04-30 中国科学技术大学 立体投影显示装置以及立体投影显示方法
WO2021181805A1 (fr) * 2020-03-12 2021-09-16 国立大学法人福井大学 Dispositif de projection

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JP2021144147A (ja) * 2020-03-12 2021-09-24 国立大学法人福井大学 投影装置

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