WO2012026443A1 - 積層型電池 - Google Patents
積層型電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012026443A1 WO2012026443A1 PCT/JP2011/068922 JP2011068922W WO2012026443A1 WO 2012026443 A1 WO2012026443 A1 WO 2012026443A1 JP 2011068922 W JP2011068922 W JP 2011068922W WO 2012026443 A1 WO2012026443 A1 WO 2012026443A1
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- positive electrode
- electrode
- negative electrode
- main body
- stacked battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0422—Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
- H01M10/0427—Button cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0463—Cells or batteries with horizontal or inclined electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/579—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to shock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/42—Grouping of primary cells into batteries
- H01M6/46—Grouping of primary cells into batteries of flat cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
- H01M50/466—U-shaped, bag-shaped or folded
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stacked battery in which a first electrode and a second electrode are stacked.
- a stacked battery in which a first electrode and a second electrode are stacked is known.
- a stacked battery as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-181898, positive plates and negative plates are alternately stacked.
- the stacked battery is connected to the outside of the battery by current collecting tabs protruding from the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, respectively.
- an insulating material called a separator is disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. In the laminated battery described above, the separator prevents the occurrence of a short circuit between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a structure that prevents occurrence of a short circuit at a broken portion of a connection portion even when an impact is applied and the connection portion of the electrode is broken in a stacked battery.
- a stacked battery includes a flat plate-like first electrode and a flat plate-like second electrode having a polarity different from that of the first electrode, and the first and second electrodes are provided.
- Each of the electrodes has a main body portion and a connection portion extending outward from the main body portion in plan view, and the main body portions of the first and second electrodes are arranged so that the connection portions extend in different directions. Stacked in the thickness direction, the connection portion of the first electrode is fixed to a fixing member, and the connection portion of the first electrode overlaps the first and second electrodes Thus, a fracture portion that is broken when an impact is applied to the first and second electrodes is provided at a position outside the main body portion of the second electrode in a plan view (first configuration).
- the broken portion is in contact with the second electrode and short-circuited. Can be prevented. That is, the first electrode is provided so that the fracture portion of the connection portion is positioned outward from the second electrode in a plan view, so even when the connection portion is broken at the fracture portion. The broken portion can be prevented from coming into contact with the second electrode.
- the fracture portion is preferably the narrowest portion of the connection portion with the main body portion in the connection portion of the first electrode (second configuration).
- connection portion is formed in the connection portion so that the width gradually decreases from the main body portion toward the fracture portion (third configuration).
- the fracture portion is a notch provided in a connection portion of the first electrode (fourth configuration).
- a connection part can be more reliably fractured
- the main body portion of the second electrode may have an outer shape larger than the outer shape of the main body portion of the first electrode in plan view ( Fifth configuration). Even in such a configuration, the fracture portion of the connection portion of the first electrode is positioned outside the main body portion of the second electrode in plan view, so that the fracture portion of the first electrode is the second portion. Contact with the electrode can be prevented. That is, as described above, even in a configuration in which when the connection portion of the first electrode is broken, the broken portion is likely to come into contact with the second electrode to cause a short circuit, the above-described first to fourth configurations are used. By applying, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring between the electrodes.
- the case member includes a case member for housing a laminate formed by laminating the first and second electrodes, and the fixing member is the case member. Is preferable (sixth configuration). Further, in any one of the first to fifth configurations, a sheet member for covering a stacked body formed by stacking the first and second electrodes is provided, and the first and second It is preferable that at least one of the electrode connecting portions is fixed to the fixing member via an external terminal (seventh configuration).
- the first electrode includes a positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions, and the second electrode stores and absorbs lithium ions. It is preferable to have a releasable negative electrode material (eighth configuration).
- the outer shape of the negative electrode is usually larger than the outer shape of the positive electrode so that lithium does not precipitate.
- the fracture portion at the connection portion of the positive electrode is positioned inward of the main body portion of the negative electrode in plan view, the fracture portion of the positive electrode and the negative electrode A short circuit occurs between the side electrodes.
- the fracture portion is provided in the connection portion of the first electrode so as to be located outside the second electrode in plan view.
- the rupture portion may be the narrowest portion of the connection portion with the main body portion of the connection portion of the first electrode, or may be configured by a notch portion provided in the connection portion. It can be more reliably broken at the part. Thereby, it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of a short circuit inside the battery.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a flat battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the structure of the electrode body in the flat battery in an enlarged view.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a state in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode are superimposed.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of the positive electrode covered with the separator.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the configuration of the negative electrode.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of the laminated exterior battery according to the second embodiment. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a flat battery 1 as a stacked battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the flat battery 1 includes a negative electrode can 10 as a bottomed cylindrical outer can, a positive electrode can 20 as a sealing can covering the opening of the negative electrode can 10, an outer peripheral side of the negative electrode can 10, and an outer periphery of the positive electrode can 20.
- a nonaqueous electrolytic solution (not shown) is also enclosed.
- the negative electrode can 10 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel and is formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape by press molding.
- the negative electrode can 10 includes a circular bottom portion 11 and a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 12 formed continuously with the bottom portion 11 on the outer periphery thereof.
- the peripheral wall portion 12 is provided so as to extend substantially vertically from the outer peripheral end of the bottom portion 11 in a longitudinal sectional view (the state illustrated in FIG. 1).
- the negative electrode can 10 is crimped to the positive electrode can 20 by bending the opening end side of the peripheral wall portion 12 inward with the gasket 30 sandwiched between the negative electrode can 20 and the positive electrode can 20.
- the negative electrode can 10 is formed with R portions each having a curved surface in a portion bent by press molding (for example, a portion between the bottom portion 11 and the peripheral wall portion 12).
- the positive electrode can 20 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel and is formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape by press molding.
- the positive electrode can 20 has a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 22 whose outer shape is smaller than that of the peripheral wall portion 12 of the negative electrode can 10 and a circular flat portion 21 that closes one of the openings.
- the peripheral wall portion 22 is also provided so as to extend substantially perpendicular to the plane portion 21 in a longitudinal sectional view.
- the peripheral wall portion 22 is formed with an enlarged diameter portion 22b whose diameter is increased stepwise compared to the base end portion 22a on the flat surface portion 21 side.
- the peripheral wall portion 22 is formed with a step portion 22c between the base end portion 22a and the enlarged diameter portion 22b.
- the open end side of the peripheral wall portion 12 of the negative electrode can 10 is bent and caulked with respect to the step portion 22c. That is, the negative electrode can 10 has the opening end side of the peripheral wall portion 12 fitted to the step portion 22 c of the positive electrode can 20.
- the positive electrode can 20 is also formed with an R portion having a curved surface in a portion bent by press molding (for example, a portion between the flat portion 21 and the peripheral wall portion 22 or a step portion 22c). Has been.
- the gasket 30 is made of polypropylene (PP).
- the gasket 30 is molded on the peripheral wall portion 22 of the positive electrode can 20 so as to be sandwiched between the peripheral wall portion 12 of the negative electrode can 10 and the peripheral wall portion 22 of the positive electrode can 20.
- the material of the gasket 30 is not limited to PP, and a resin composition containing an olefin elastomer in polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), a polyamide resin, or the like may be used.
- the electrode body 40 includes a substantially disc-shaped positive electrode 41 (first electrode) housed in a bag-like separator 44 (shown only in FIG. 2), and a substantially disc-like electrode.
- a plurality of negative electrodes 46 (second electrodes) are alternately stacked in the thickness direction.
- the electrode body 40 has a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole.
- the electrode body 40 has a plurality of positive electrodes 41 and negative electrodes 46 stacked so that both end faces are negative electrodes.
- the electrode body 40 is shown as a side view rather than a cross-sectional view.
- the positive electrode 41 includes a positive electrode current collector 43 made of a metal foil such as aluminum, and a positive electrode active material layer 42 (positive electrode material) that contains a positive electrode active material and is provided on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 43. .
- the positive electrode 41 has a positive electrode mixture containing a positive electrode active material that is a lithium-containing oxide capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a conductive additive, and a binder on a positive electrode current collector 43 made of aluminum foil or the like. It is formed by applying and drying.
- lithium-containing oxide for example, a lithium composite oxide such as lithium cobalt oxide such as LiCoO 2 , lithium manganese oxide such as LiMn 2 O 4 , lithium nickel oxide such as LiNiO 2 is used. Is preferred. Note that only one type of material may be used as the positive electrode active material, or two or more types of materials may be used.
- the positive electrode active material is not limited to the above-described materials.
- the negative electrode 46 includes a negative electrode current collector 48 made of a metal foil such as copper and a negative electrode active material, and has a negative electrode active material layer 47 (negative electrode material) provided on both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector 48. .
- the negative electrode 46 is formed by applying a negative electrode mixture containing a negative electrode active material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions, a conductive additive and a binder onto a negative electrode current collector 48 made of copper foil or the like and drying it. Formed by.
- the negative electrode active material for example, it is preferable to use a carbon material (such as graphite, pyrolytic carbon, coke, or glassy carbon) that can occlude and release lithium ions.
- the negative electrode active material is not limited to the above-described materials.
- the negative electrodes positioned at both ends in the axial direction of the substantially cylindrical electrode body 40 are arranged on one surface of the negative electrode current collector 48 so that the negative electrode current collectors 48 and 48 are positioned at the axial ends of the electrode body 40, respectively.
- the negative electrode active material layer 47 is provided only on the side. That is, the negative electrode current collectors 48 are exposed at both ends of the substantially cylindrical electrode body 40.
- One of the negative electrode current collectors 48, 48 is disposed on the bottom 11 of the negative electrode can 10 with the electrode body 40 disposed between the negative electrode can 10 and the positive electrode can 20. Abut.
- the other negative electrode current collector 48 is positioned on the flat surface portion 21 of the positive electrode can 20 via the insulating sheet 49.
- the separator 44 is a bag-like member formed in a circular shape in plan view, and is formed in a size that can accommodate the substantially disc-shaped positive electrode 41.
- the separator 44 is constituted by a microporous thin film made of polyethylene having excellent insulating properties. Thus, by forming the separator 44 with a microporous thin film, lithium ions can pass through the separator 44.
- the separator 44 is formed by adhering a portion where the sheet materials overlap with each other in a state where the positive electrode 41 is wrapped with a sheet material of a single rectangular microporous thin film.
- the positive electrode current collector 43 of the positive electrode 41 is integrally formed with a conductive positive electrode lead 51 extending outward from the positive electrode current collector 43 in plan view.
- the positive electrode current collector 43 side of the positive electrode lead 51 is also covered with a separator 44 (see FIGS. 2 to 4).
- the negative electrode current collector 48 of the negative electrode 46 is integrally formed with a conductive negative electrode lead 52 extending outward from the negative electrode current collector 48 in plan view (see FIGS. 1 and 5).
- the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 46 are such that the positive electrode lead 51 of each positive electrode 41 is positioned on one side and the negative electrode lead 52 of each negative electrode 46 is positioned on the opposite side of the positive electrode lead 51. Is laminated. The configuration of each of the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 46 will be described later in detail.
- the plurality of positive electrode leads 51 have the positive electrode can 20 (fixing member, case member) at the tip end side superimposed in the thickness direction by ultrasonic welding or the like. ).
- the plurality of positive electrodes 41 and the flat portion 21 of the positive electrode can 20 are electrically connected via the plurality of positive electrode leads 51.
- the plurality of negative electrode leads 52 are also connected to each other by ultrasonic welding or the like in a state where the tip ends are overlapped in the thickness direction. Thereby, the plurality of negative electrodes 46 are electrically connected to each other via the plurality of negative electrode leads 52.
- the above-described gasket 30 is provided on the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 22 of the positive electrode can 20 positioned inward of the peripheral wall portion 12 of the negative electrode can 10. The gasket 30 prevents the occurrence of a short circuit between the electrode body 40 and the negative electrode can 10 and the occurrence of a short circuit between the electrode body 40 and the positive electrode can 20.
- FIGS. 3 to 6 show the configurations of the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 46.
- FIG. 3 is a top view showing a state in which the positive electrode 41 covered with the separator 44 is superimposed on the negative electrode 46.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the positive electrode 41 covered with the separator 44, and
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of the negative electrode 46.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the arrangement relationship between the negative electrode 46 and the positive electrode 51.
- the positive electrode 41 includes a positive electrode main body portion 45 (main body portion) having a shape in which a part of a disk is cut out, and a positive electrode lead 51 (connection portion) extending outward from the positive electrode main body portion 45. And.
- the positive electrode main body 45 is obtained by providing a positive electrode active material layer 42 on a positive electrode current collector 43.
- a positive electrode lead 51 is integrally formed with the positive electrode current collector 43. Furthermore, the positive electrode main body 45 and a part of the positive electrode lead 51 are covered with the separator 44 as described above.
- An R portion 43 a is formed at a portion where the positive electrode lead 51 is connected to the positive electrode main body 45.
- the R portion 43a By providing the R portion 43a, stress concentration at the connection portion of the positive electrode lead 51 with the positive electrode main body portion 45 can be reduced.
- the R portion 43 a of the positive electrode 41 is in a state where the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 46 are overlapped, and the end of the R portion 43 a on the positive electrode lead 51 side in plan view. It is formed so as to be located outside the negative electrode 46.
- the negative electrode 46 As shown in FIG. 5, the negative electrode 46, like the positive electrode 41 described above, extends outwardly from the negative electrode main body 50 (main body) having a shape in which a part of the disk is cut out. And a negative electrode lead 52 (connection portion). Similarly to the positive electrode main body 45 described above, the negative electrode main body 50 also has a negative electrode active material layer 47 provided on a negative electrode current collector 48. The negative electrode lead 52 is integrally formed with the negative electrode current collector 48.
- the negative electrode main body 50 is formed to have substantially the same size as the positive electrode main body 45 covered with the separator 44 as described above. That is, the negative electrode main body 50 has a larger outer shape than the positive electrode main body 45. 5 and 6, the line described between the negative electrode main body 50 and the negative electrode lead 52 is a part of the outer periphery of the negative electrode active material layer 47 formed on the negative electrode current collector 48. . Similarly, in FIG. 6, a line described between the positive electrode main body 45 and the positive electrode lead 51 is a part of the outer periphery of the positive electrode active material layer 42 formed on the positive electrode current collector 43.
- the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 46 are laminated in the thickness direction so that the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 extend in opposite directions.
- a substantially cylindrical electrode body 40 and lead groups 61 and 62 extending in opposite directions from the electrode body 40 are formed (see FIGS. 1 to 3).
- the lead group 61 including the positive electrode lead 51 is connected to the positive electrode can 20 and to the positive electrode can 20 by ultrasonic welding or the like.
- the lead group 62 composed of the negative electrode lead 52 is connected to each other by ultrasonic welding or the like.
- the negative electrodes 46 are electrically connected to each other, and the positive electrode 41 is also electrically connected to the positive electrode can 20 via the positive electrode lead 51.
- the negative electrode 46 can easily absorb lithium ions. Thereby, it is possible to prevent lithium from being deposited on the negative electrode 46, and it is possible to prevent occurrence of a short circuit between the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 46 due to lithium deposition.
- the positive electrode lead 51 of the positive electrode 41 receives a large force and breaks. There is a case.
- the portion where the stress is the largest in the connection portion is the R portion where the width is the narrowest. This is the end on the positive electrode lead 51 side.
- the positive electrode lead 51 protrudes from the inner side of the negative electrode main body portion 50 toward the outer side. To do.
- the portion of the connecting portion where the stress is greatest the end of the R portion 43a on the positive electrode lead 51 side
- the positive electrode lead 51 as described above.
- the rupture portion may come into contact with the negative electrode 46.
- the positive electrode 41 is covered with the separator 44, but when the positive electrode lead 51 is broken, the broken portion penetrates the separator 44 and comes into contact with the negative electrode 46, thereby short-circuiting with the negative electrode 46. It can happen.
- the breakage point X of the positive electrode lead 51 (the broken portion, the positive electrode main body 45 of the positive electrode lead 51 and The R portion 43a of the positive electrode 41 is formed so that the narrowest portion of the connecting portion is located outside the negative electrode main body 50 in plan view.
- the breakage point X is an end on the positive electrode lead 51 side where the stress is greatest in the R portion 43a, that is, a portion that changes from a curve of the R portion 43a to a straight line.
- the flat battery used in this verification test is a battery having a total weight of about 3 g and a positive electrode current collector having a diameter of about 15 mm.
- This curvature radius is a curvature radius that can ensure the maximum clearance between the fracture point X and the negative electrode in the flat battery used in this verification test, and when the positive electrode lead is welded to the positive electrode can as a lead group. The radius of curvature allows the positive electrode lead to be easily bent.
- the flat battery 1 is dropped on a plastic tile. At this time, the impact load received by the flat battery 1 is about 17N.
- the positive electrode lead 51 is cut so that the cut portion X of the positive electrode lead 51 is positioned outside the negative electrode main body 50 in plan view.
- An R portion 43 a is formed at a connection portion of the positive electrode main body portion 45 in 51.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic configuration of a laminated exterior battery 100 as a stacked battery according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the laminated exterior battery 100.
- This laminated exterior battery 100 is a substantially planar secondary battery in which a planar laminate 110 that functions as a power generator is covered with a laminate film exterior 120 (sheet member).
- a laminate film exterior 120 sheet member.
- a plurality of laminated exterior batteries 100 according to the present embodiment are arranged in the thickness direction and electrically connected to each other, thereby constituting a battery module (not shown).
- the laminate-type battery 100 includes sheet-like positive electrodes 111 (first electrodes) and negative electrodes 112 (second electrodes) that are alternately stacked with separators 113 therebetween.
- a laminate 110 and a laminate film outer package 120 that covers the laminate 110 are provided.
- the laminated exterior battery 100 also includes a positive external terminal 131 and a negative external terminal 132 (external terminal) connected to the positive electrode 111 and the negative electrode 112 of the laminate 110, respectively. Note that a non-aqueous electrolyte is enclosed in the laminated exterior battery 100.
- the positive electrode 111 has a positive electrode mixture (positive electrode material) containing a positive electrode active material that is a lithium-containing oxide capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, a conductive additive, and a binder on a positive electrode current collector made of aluminum foil or the like. It is formed by applying and drying.
- a lithium-containing oxide as the positive electrode active material, for example, a lithium composite oxide such as lithium cobalt oxide such as LiCoO 2 , lithium manganese oxide such as LiMn 2 O 4 , lithium nickel oxide such as LiNiO 2 is used. Is preferred. Note that only one type of material may be used as the positive electrode active material, or two or more types of materials may be used. Further, the positive electrode active material is not limited to the above-described materials.
- the positive electrode 111 includes a positive electrode main body portion 115 (main body portion) and a positive electrode lead 133 (connection portion) for connecting the positive electrode main body portion 115 to the external terminal 131 (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
- the negative electrode 112 is formed by applying a negative electrode mixture (negative electrode material) containing a negative electrode active material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions, a conductive additive and a binder onto a negative electrode current collector made of copper foil or the like, and drying it. Formed by.
- a negative electrode active material for example, it is preferable to use a carbon material (such as graphite, pyrolytic carbon, coke, or glassy carbon) that can occlude and release lithium ions. Note that the negative electrode active material is not limited to the above-described materials.
- the negative electrode 112 includes a negative electrode main body portion 116 (main body portion) and a negative electrode lead 134 for connecting the negative electrode main body portion 116 to the negative electrode external terminal 132 (see FIG. 9).
- each of the positive electrode external terminal 131 and the negative electrode external terminal 132 is sandwiched by the laminate film exterior body 120 and integrated with the laminate film exterior body 120, while the other end side faces the outside of the laminate film exterior body 120. Protruding. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the positive electrode external terminal 131 and the negative electrode external terminal 132 protrude toward the outside of the laminate film exterior body 120 in the same direction at positions separated from each other.
- the positive external terminal 131 and the negative external terminal 132 are each connected and fixed to an external connection terminal (fixing member).
- the separator 113 is formed of, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, a fusion of polyethylene and polypropylene, a porous film made of polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, or a nonwoven fabric made of cellulose or the like.
- the separator 113 is welded on the outer peripheral side with both surfaces of the positive electrode 111 being sandwiched. That is, the separator 113 is formed so as to enclose the positive electrode 111.
- the laminate film exterior body 120 is made of a material in which one side of an aluminum metal foil is covered with nylon and the other side is covered with polypropylene. That is, the laminate film exterior body 120 is made of a material obtained by laminating aluminum with nylon and polypropylene. The laminate film exterior body 120 is adhered to each other by applying pressure while heating the laminate film exterior bodies 120 in a state where the laminate film exterior bodies 120 are overlapped.
- the laminate film exterior body 120 of the present embodiment is formed in a substantially rectangular shape.
- the outer peripheral sides of the laminate film exterior body 120 are bonded to each other, whereby the bulging portion 100a and the seal portion 100b are formed. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the bulging portion 100 a is formed by the laminate film exterior body 120 covering the laminated body 110. Further, the laminated film exterior body 120 is bonded to each other on three sides of the bulging portion 100a, thereby forming the seal portion 100b so as to surround the bulging portion 100a.
- adhesive layers 131a and 132a are provided between the laminate film outer package 120 and the positive electrode external terminal 131 and the negative electrode external terminal 132, respectively, partly protruding outward.
- the laminate film outer package 120, the positive external terminal 131, and the negative external terminal 132 can be firmly bonded to each other.
- FIG. 9 shows an arrangement relationship between the positive electrode 111 and the negative electrode 112.
- the alternate long and short dash line indicates the outer shape of the laminate film outer package 120
- the broken line indicates the outer shape of the positive electrode main body 115 of the positive electrode 111.
- the positive electrode main body 115 of the positive electrode 111 covered with the separator 113 and the negative electrode main body 116 are formed in substantially the same size in plan view. That is, in FIG. 9, the outer shape of the separator 113 and the outer shape of the negative electrode main body 116 are approximately the same size. Therefore, the outer shape of the positive electrode main body 115 is smaller than the outer shape of the negative electrode main body 116 in a plan view. Thereby, like the structure of Embodiment 1, it can prevent that lithium precipitates on the negative electrode 112 side, and can prevent that a short circuit generate
- the positive electrode lead 133 is connected at one end side to the positive electrode external terminal 131 connected to the external connection member as described above. Therefore, the positive electrode lead 133 is in a state where the one end side is fixed.
- the negative electrode lead 134 is also connected on one end side to the negative electrode external terminal 132 connected to the external connection member as described above.
- FIG. 9 shows a state before the positive electrode lead 133 and the negative electrode lead 134 are connected to the positive electrode external terminal 131 and the negative electrode external terminal 132, respectively.
- an R portion 111a for relaxing stress concentration is provided at the connection portion of the positive electrode lead 133 with the positive electrode main body 115.
- the R portion 111a is formed such that a breakage point X (breakage portion) when an impact is applied to the laminated exterior battery 100 is located outside the negative electrode main body 116 in a plan view.
- the fractured portion X is the end of the R portion 111a on the positive electrode lead 133 side, that is, the portion having the narrowest width at the connection portion of the positive electrode lead 133 with the positive electrode main body 115 (the curve of the R portion 111a). To the straight line).
- the broken portion X is a portion where the stress is greatest in the positive electrode lead 133 when an impact is applied to the laminated exterior battery 100.
- an R portion 112a for relaxing stress concentration is also provided at the connection portion of the negative electrode lead 134 with the negative electrode main body 116 (see FIG. 9).
- the fractured portion X of the positive electrode lead 133 is positioned outside the negative electrode 112 in plan view at the connection portion of the positive electrode lead 133 with the positive electrode main body 115. As shown, an R portion 111a is provided. Thereby, even when an impact is applied to the laminate-type battery 100 and the positive electrode lead 133 breaks at the breakage point X, the breakage portion can be prevented from coming into contact with the negative electrode 112. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring between the positive electrode 111 and the negative electrode 112 due to the breakage of the positive electrode lead 133.
- the breakage point X of the positive leads 51 and 133 is the narrowest portion of the positive leads 51 and 133 where the positive leads 41 and 111 are connected.
- a notch portion or a hollow portion may be provided at a breakage point of the positive electrode lead so that the breakage is easily caused at the breakage point.
- the notch may be provided at one or both of the end portions in the width direction of the positive electrode lead.
- what is necessary is just to provide a cavity in the positive electrode lead inside of a fracture
- each battery is configured as a lithium ion battery.
- each battery may be a battery other than a lithium ion battery.
- the negative electrode and the positive electrode may have the same size.
- the configuration of each of the above embodiments may be applied to the negative electrode lead with the negative electrode lead as the fixed side.
- the R portions 43a and 111a are provided at the connection portions of the positive electrode leads 51 and 133 with the positive electrode main body portions 45 and 115, respectively.
- other shapes may be used as long as the width of the connection portion gradually narrows toward the positive electrode leads 51 and 133 so that the stress concentration in the connection portion can be reduced.
- the material of the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrodes 41 and 111 is aluminum, and the material of the positive electrode current collector of the negative electrodes 46 and 112 is copper.
- the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector may be made of other materials.
- the positive electrode leads 51 and 133 having the breakage point X are formed in a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the positive electrode lead may have another shape as long as the broken portion does not come into contact with the negative electrode.
- the negative electrode can 10 is an exterior can
- the positive electrode can 20 is a sealed can
- the negative electrode can may be a sealed can and the positive electrode can may be an outer can.
- the negative electrode can 10 and the positive electrode can 20 are each formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the flat battery 1 is formed in a coin shape.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and the flat battery is formed in a polygonal column shape or the like. The shape may be other than a cylindrical shape.
- the laminate-cased battery 100 is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view, but is not limited to this and may have other shapes.
- the multilayer battery according to the present invention can be used for a multilayer battery in which at least one of a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead is broken when an impact is applied.
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Abstract
Description
(全体構成)
図1は、本発明の実施形態1にかかる積層型電池としての扁平形電池1の概略構成を示す断面図である。この扁平形電池1は、有底円筒状の外装缶としての負極缶10と、該負極缶10の開口を覆う封口缶としての正極缶20と、負極缶10の外周側と正極缶20の外周側との間に配置されるガスケット30と、負極缶10及び正極缶20の間に形成される空間内に収納される電極体40(積層体)とを備えている。したがって、扁平形電池1は、負極缶10と正極缶20とを合わせることによって、全体が扁平なコイン状となる。負極缶10及び正極缶20の間に形成される空間内には、電極体40以外に、非水電解液(図示省略)も封入されている。
図3から図6に正極41及び負極46の構成を示す。図3は、負極46上に、セパレータ44で覆われた正極41を重ね合わせた状態を示す上面図である。図4は、セパレータ44によって覆われた正極41の平面図であり、図5は負極46の平面図である。また、図6は、負極46と正極51との配置関係を示す図である。
上述のような構成を有する扁平形電池において、衝撃を加えた場合でも正極及び負極の間で短絡が発生しないことを検証試験によって確認した。以下でその検証試験の概要及び試験結果について説明する。
以上より、この実施形態では、正極41と負極46とを交互に重ね合わせた構成において、正極リード51の切断箇所Xが平面視で負極本体部50の外方に位置するように、該正極リード51における正極本体部45との接続部分にR部43aを形成した。これにより、扁平形電池1に衝撃が加わって正極リード51が破断箇所Xで破断した場合でも、その破断部分が負極46に接触しないため、正極41と負極46との間で短絡が発生するのを防止できる。
図7に、実施形態2にかかる積層型電池としてのラミネート外装型電池100の概略構成を示す。図8は、ラミネート外装型電池100の概略構成を示す断面図である。このラミネート外装型電池100は、発電体として機能する平板状の積層体110がラミネートフィルム外装体120(シート部材)によって覆われた略平板状の二次電池である。なお、本実施形態にかかるラミネート外装型電池100は、例えば、厚み方向に複数、並べられて互いに電気的に接続されることにより、図示しない電池モジュールを構成する。
図9に、正極111と負極112との配置関係を示す。この図9において、一点鎖線は、ラミネートフィルム外装体120の外形を示していて、破線は、正極111の正極本体部115の外形を示している。
以上より、この実施形態によれば、ラミネート外装型電池100において、正極リード133における正極本体部115との接続部分に、該正極リード133の破断箇所Xが平面視で負極112の外方に位置するように、R部111aを設けた。これにより、ラミネート外装型電池100に衝撃が加わって正極リード133が破断箇所Xで破断した場合でも、その破断部分が負極112に接触するのを防止することができる。これにより、正極リード133の破断によって正極111と負極112との間で短絡が発生するのを防止できる。
以上、本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、上述した実施の形態は本発明を実施するための例示に過ぎない。よって、上述した実施の形態に限定されることなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で上述した実施の形態を適宜変形して実施することが可能である。
Claims (8)
- 平板状の第1の電極と、
前記第1の電極とは極性が異なる平板状の第2の電極とを備え、
前記第1及び第2の電極は、それぞれ、本体部と、平面視で該本体部から外方へ延びる接続部とを有し、該接続部が異なる方向に延びるように前記第1及び第2の電極の本体部同士が厚み方向に積層されていて、
前記第1の電極の接続部は、固定部材に固定されており、
前記第1の電極の接続部には、前記第1及び第2の電極を重ね合わせた状態で、平面視で該第2の電極の本体部外方の位置に、該第1及び第2の電極に衝撃が加わった際に破断する破断部が設けられている、積層型電池。 - 請求項1に記載の積層型電池において、
前記破断部は、前記第1の電極の接続部における本体部との接続部分のうち、最も幅の狭い部分である、積層型電池。 - 請求項2に記載の積層型電池において、
前記接続部分には、前記本体部から前記破断部に向かって徐々に幅が狭くなるようにR部が形成されている、積層型電池。 - 請求項1に記載の積層型電池において、
前記破断部は、前記第1の電極の接続部に設けられた切り欠き部である、積層型電池。 - 請求項1から4のいずれか一つに記載の積層型電池において、
前記第2の電極の本体部は、その外形が平面視で前記第1の電極の本体部の外形よりも大きい、積層型電池。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか一つに記載の積層型電池において、
前記第1及び第2の電極を積層してなる積層体を収納するためのケース部材を備え、
前記固定部材は、前記ケース部材である、積層型電池。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか一つに記載の積層型電池において、
前記第1及び第2の電極を積層してなる積層体を覆うためのシート部材を備え、
前記第1及び第2の電極の接続部のうち少なくとも一方は、外部端子を介して前記固定部材に固定されている、積層型電池。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか一つに記載の積層型電池において、
前記第1の電極は、リチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出可能な正極材を有し、
前記第2の電極は、リチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出可能な負極材を有する、積層型電池。
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US13/819,172 US9017856B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2011-08-23 | Stacked battery with electrode having break portion |
CN201180041409.2A CN103069615B (zh) | 2010-08-26 | 2011-08-23 | 叠层型电池 |
EP11819906.6A EP2610945B1 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2011-08-23 | Stacked cell |
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KR20130041271A (ko) | 2013-04-24 |
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US9017856B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
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