WO2012020549A1 - 空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法 - Google Patents
空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012020549A1 WO2012020549A1 PCT/JP2011/004291 JP2011004291W WO2012020549A1 WO 2012020549 A1 WO2012020549 A1 WO 2012020549A1 JP 2011004291 W JP2011004291 W JP 2011004291W WO 2012020549 A1 WO2012020549 A1 WO 2012020549A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aerodynamic brake
- vehicle
- aerodynamic
- brake
- plates
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
- B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
- B61H11/10—Aerodynamic brakes with control flaps, e.g. spoilers, attached to the vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/12—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting otherwise than by retarding wheels, e.g. jet action
- B60T1/16—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting otherwise than by retarding wheels, e.g. jet action by increasing air resistance, e.g. flaps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
- B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling an aerodynamic brake device used for decelerating a traveling railway vehicle.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses an aerodynamic brake device for a railway vehicle that is less affected by wind pressure regardless of the traveling direction when the aerodynamic brake plate is deployed.
- a linear guide rail that is fixedly attached to the vehicle body and extends in a vertical plane perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle.
- a linear guide block disposed on the aerodynamic brake plate and slidably engaged with the linear guide rail, and an aerodynamic brake plate provided between the aerodynamic brake plate and the vehicle body at an upper side or outside of the vehicle body.
- deployment means for projecting to a position.
- the aerodynamic brake device described in Patent Document 1 is provided only on one end side of one vehicle (see FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1). In general, the vehicle does not travel only in one direction but travels in the opposite direction when reciprocating. In the aerodynamic brake device described in Patent Document 1, it is described that the influence of the wind pressure is small regardless of the traveling direction. However, the present inventor provided an aerodynamic brake device behind the central portion in one vehicle. In this case, it was found that the aerodynamic brake device adversely affects the ride comfort as will be described later.
- the aerodynamic brake device described in Patent Document 1 operates the aerodynamic brake device at the same time. From the viewpoint of the air flow around the vehicle formation and the influence on the behavior of the vehicle formation, the aerodynamic brake device is provided. It was also found that there is room for improvement in the control method.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method of controlling an aerodynamic brake device that can efficiently reduce the speed of a vehicle without adversely affecting the ride comfort and vehicle composition.
- An aerodynamic brake device control method includes an aerodynamic brake that controls an operation of an aerodynamic brake plate provided in front of a knitting in a traveling direction with respect to a central part of a part or all of a knitting composed of a plurality of vehicles.
- a method for controlling an apparatus comprising: detecting a knitting speed; and determining an operation of an aerodynamic brake plate according to a deceleration generated by an aerodynamic brake device and a knitting speed.
- the control device controls the operation of the aerodynamic brake plate provided in front of the vehicle in the traveling direction from the center of the vehicle.
- the aerodynamic brake plate is provided ahead of the center of each vehicle in the traveling direction of the vehicle, the air flow is the most in the aerodynamic brake plate regardless of the shape of the vehicle (particularly the shape of the leading vehicle). I can receive it strongly. As a result, the performance of the aerodynamic brake plate can be maximized.
- the aerodynamic brake plate is provided in front of the center of the vehicle in the direction of travel of the vehicle, vibrations applied to the vehicle can be reduced, so that the ride comfort of the passenger in the vehicle is adversely affected. Can be prevented.
- the operation of the aerodynamic brake plate is determined in accordance with the deceleration generated by the aerodynamic brake device and the knitting speed, the knitting speed can be efficiently reduced without adversely affecting the knitting.
- the operation of the aerodynamic brake plate includes control in which the aerodynamic brake plate of the first vehicle advances more than the aerodynamic brake plate of the second vehicle ahead of the first vehicle in the traveling direction. Also good.
- the projecting area of the aerodynamic brake plate (projected area of the aerodynamic brake plate when viewed from the front of the knitting) increases from the front to the rear of the knitting traveling direction. It becomes difficult to be influenced by the change in the air flow by the front aerodynamic brake plate, and the performance of the aerodynamic brake plate can be efficiently exhibited including its responsiveness.
- the operation of the aerodynamic brake plate includes a control for advancing the aerodynamic brake plate of the first vehicle after the aerodynamic brake plate of the second vehicle ahead of the first vehicle starts moving forward. Good.
- the aerodynamic brake plate can be advanced with a time lag from the knitting progress direction to the rear, and the braking force can be generated gradually.
- the adverse effect on the behavior can be eliminated.
- the operation of the aerodynamic brake plate may include a control for advancing the aerodynamic brake plate of the first vehicle after the aerodynamic brake plate of the second vehicle behind the first vehicle starts moving forward. .
- the braking force is generated from the rear in the traveling direction to the front in the traveling direction with a time difference, so that the response of the brake is somewhat reduced, but even if the deceleration is large, the knitting behavior is prevented from being adversely affected. be able to.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an example of a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a structure of a rail vehicle.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view showing a part of the railway vehicle of FIG. 1.
- It is a schematic diagram explaining operation
- It is a schematic diagram explaining operation
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram when an aerodynamic brake plate is provided in front of the vehicle in the traveling direction. It is a mimetic diagram at the time of providing an aerodynamic brake board in the central part of vehicles. It is a schematic diagram when an aerodynamic brake plate is provided in the direction opposite to the traveling direction from the center of the vehicle. It is a schematic diagram which shows the result by CFD analysis. It is a schematic diagram which shows the result by CFD analysis. It is a schematic diagram which shows the result by CFD analysis. It is a schematic diagram which shows the result by CFD analysis. It is a schematic diagram which shows the result by CFD analysis.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an example of a railway vehicle 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the railway vehicle 100 is a train of vehicles traveling on the rail L, and is composed of eight trains of vehicles 201,.
- the vehicles 201,..., And the vehicle 208 are connected by couplers 211,.
- the railway vehicle 100 is described as traveling on the rail L in the traveling direction H1. Therefore, the leading vehicle of the railway vehicle 100 is the vehicle 201, and the last vehicle is the vehicle 208.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the railway vehicle 100
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view showing a part of the railway vehicle 100 of FIG.
- the railway vehicle 100 mainly includes a brake control device 500 that calculates a braking force based on a deceleration and other commands from the host system, a regenerative / power generation braking device 530 that uses a power running motor, a pneumatic pressure
- a disc brake device 540 that generates a braking force by sandwiching a brake disc with a brake caliper through a brake pad using a cylinder as a power source, an aerodynamic brake device 550 that utilizes aerodynamic resistance, and a power running motor (not shown) are included.
- the brake control device 500 includes a speedometer 560 for recognizing the vehicle speed of the railway vehicle 100.
- the brake control device 500 includes the speedometer 560.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the vehicle speed may be recognized based on a speed signal from a host system (not shown).
- a method may be used in which the rotational speed of the wheel is detected by a sensor (not shown) and the vehicle speed is uniquely recognized.
- the brake control device 500 operates the regenerative / power generation brake device 530 and the aerodynamic brake device 550 when reducing the speed of the railway vehicle 100 that is traveling at high speed.
- the brake control device 500 operates only the regenerative / power generation brake device 530 when the speed of the railway vehicle 100 drops to a predetermined high speed.
- the brake control device 500 operates only the disc brake device 540 using compressed air.
- the brake control device 500 when sudden braking is applied in the event of an emergency such as a person entering the track, the brake control device 500 includes a regenerative / power generation brake device 530, an aerodynamic brake device 550, and a disc brake device 540 using compressed air. Operate everything as needed.
- the aerodynamic brake device 550 includes driving units 501,..., 508, 601,..., 608 and aerodynamic brake plates 301,.
- the drive units 501, to 508, 601, to 608 have pneumatic drive sources.
- the drive units 501,..., 508, 601,..., 608 use a drive source using pneumatic pressure, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is possible to apply a drive source using a fluid pressure of the above, a drive source using an explosive force caused by explosives, or any other device.
- a drive unit 501 and an aerodynamic brake plate 301 are provided on the traveling direction H1 side of the vehicle 201, and on the ⁇ H1 side opposite to the traveling direction H1 of the vehicle 201.
- a drive unit 601 and an aerodynamic brake plate 401 are provided.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301 and 401 are built in the vehicle 201 and are configured to protrude to the outside of the vehicle 201 during the advance operation.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301,..., 308 and the aerodynamic brake plates 401,..., 408 are arranged so as not to protrude outward from the vehicle when viewed from the front of the train so as not to receive air resistance during normal running. Yes.
- a drive unit 502 and an aerodynamic brake plate 302 are provided on the advancing direction H1 side of the vehicle 202, and a drive unit 602 and an aerodynamic brake plate 402 are provided on the -H1 side opposite to the advancing direction H1 of the vehicle 202.
- the drive unit 501 drives the advancing and retracting operations of the aerodynamic brake plate 301 based on a command from the brake control device 500.
- the drive unit 601 drives the advancing and retracting operations of the aerodynamic brake plate 401 based on commands from the brake control device 500.
- the drive unit 503 drives the advancement and retraction operation of the aerodynamic brake plate 303 based on a command from the brake control device 500, and the drive unit 603 advances the aerodynamic brake plate 403 based on a command from the brake control device 500. And the evacuation operation is driven.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams for explaining the operation of the aerodynamic brake plates 301 to 308 and the aerodynamic brake plates 401 to 408 in the railway vehicle 100.
- FIG. Here, only the operation will be described, and the reason will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the brake control device 500 advances the aerodynamic brake plate 301 located on the traveling direction H ⁇ b> 1 side with respect to the central portion of the vehicle 201 of the railway vehicle 100. Therefore, an instruction is given to the drive unit 501. Similarly, also in the vehicles 202,..., 208, the brake control device 500 gives instructions to the drive units 502,..., 508 to advance the aerodynamic brake plates 302,.
- the brake control device 500 gives an instruction to the drive unit 601 of the vehicle 201 of the railway vehicle 100, and the aerodynamic brake plate. 401 is advanced. Similarly, also in the vehicles 202,..., 208, the brake control device 500 gives instructions to the drive units 602,..., 608 to advance the aerodynamic brake plates 402,.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the brake control device 500.
- the brake control device 500 acquires vehicle formation information (N cars) (step S1). That is, in the railway vehicle 100, if N of the vehicle organization information increases, a large braking force is required to obtain the same deceleration.
- the vehicle formation information (N cars) includes the number of vehicles on which the aerodynamic brake plates 301 to 308 and the aerodynamic brake plates 401 to 408 are mounted, and this information includes the aerodynamic brake plates 301 to. Each of 308 and aerodynamic brake plates 401,..., 408 is used to determine how much braking force is shared.
- the brake control device 500 determines whether or not a brake command has been received (step S2).
- the brake command is based on, for example, a brake operation by a driver of the railway vehicle 100 and includes a target overall deceleration of the train.
- the brake control device 500 repeatedly performs the process of step S2.
- the brake control device 500 acquires the speed of the railway vehicle 100 from the speedometer 560 (step S3).
- the speedometer 560 measures the speed with respect to the traveling direction H1.
- the brake control device 500 acquires the speed from the speedometer 560.
- the brake control device 500 when there is a brake command, the brake control device 500 continuously acquires the vehicle speed and uses it for selecting a control system.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the brake command is received. It may be the vehicle speed immediately before or after.
- the brake control device 500 calculates a braking force for stopping the railway vehicle 100 from the brake command including the deceleration of the entire train, the vehicle composition information (N cars) and the vehicle speed, and the calculated braking force.
- the predetermined value is a threshold value for determining whether or not there is a possibility of adversely affecting the vehicle or the coupler of the vehicle.
- the braking force generated by each of the regeneration / power generation brake device 530, the disc brake device 540, and the pneumatic brake device 550 is also determined.
- step S5 the brake control device 500 selects a control system (each brake device and their control method, or a combination thereof) from a predetermined table according to the calculated braking force value.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic operation diagrams showing an example of the control system in the process of step S5 of FIG.
- a pneumatic brake device is used as a brake device. 550, and a control system that performs an advancing operation in the order of aerodynamic brake plates 308, 307, 306, 305, 304, 303, 302, 301 from the vehicle 208 to the vehicle 201 is selected as the control method.
- the brake control device 500 sequentially moves the vehicle from the rear end of the railway vehicle 100 toward the head.
- 208 drive unit 508, vehicle 207 drive unit 507, vehicle 206 drive unit 506, vehicle 205 drive unit 505, vehicle 204 drive unit 504, vehicle 203 drive unit 503, vehicle 202 drive unit 502, vehicle 201 Are instructed in the order of the drive unit 501 (see step S6 in FIG. 6).
- the aerodynamic brake plates 308, 307, 306, 305, 304, 303, 302, and 301 sequentially advance.
- all of the aerodynamic brake plates 301,..., 308 are sequentially advanced, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one of the aerodynamic brake plates 301,.
- a plurality of aerodynamic brake plates may perform advancing operation, simultaneously control the advancing operation start timing by the drive units 501,..., 508, and sequentially decrease the advancing speed in the order of aerodynamic brake plates 308,.
- a predetermined number of aerodynamic brake plates may be set as one set (operating simultaneously in the set), and each set may be controlled so as to sequentially advance.
- the braking force and responsiveness are inferior to those of the control method described later, the braking force is applied sequentially from the tail to the head when the railway vehicle 100 is traveling at high speed or long knitting, and adversely affects the knitting behavior. Can be prevented.
- step S7 the brake control device 500 selects a control system (each brake device and their control method, or a combination thereof) from predetermined table data in accordance with the calculated braking force value.
- 9 and 10 are schematic operation diagrams showing an example of the control system in the process of step S7 of FIG.
- a pneumatic brake device is used as a brake device.
- a control system that performs an advancing operation in order of the aerodynamic brake plates 301 to 308 from the vehicle 201 to the vehicle 208 is selected as the control method.
- the brake control device 500 moves the vehicle from the head of the railway vehicle 100 toward the tail sequentially.
- 201 drive unit 501, drive unit 502 of vehicle 202, drive unit 503 of vehicle 203, drive unit 504 of vehicle 204, drive unit 505 of vehicle 205, drive unit 506 of vehicle 206, drive unit 507 of vehicle 207, vehicle 208 Are instructed in the order of the drive unit 508 (see step S8 in FIG. 6).
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301 to 308 sequentially advance.
- all of the aerodynamic brake plates 301,..., 308 are sequentially advanced, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one of the aerodynamic brake plates 301,.
- a plurality of aerodynamic brake plates may perform advancing operation, simultaneously control the advancing operation start timing by the drive units 501,..., 508, and gradually decrease the advancing speed in the order of the aerodynamic brake plates 301,.
- a predetermined number of aerodynamic brake plates may be set as one set (operating simultaneously in the set), and each set may be controlled so as to sequentially advance.
- a braking force is sequentially applied from the head to the tail of the railway vehicle 100, and a desired deceleration can be obtained early while avoiding sudden deceleration, and the railway vehicle 100 can be reliably decelerated. .
- the brake control device 500 determines whether or not the railway vehicle 100 is below a predetermined speed (step S ⁇ b> 9).
- the speed of the predetermined value may be a speed that can be stopped within a predetermined distance only by the regeneration / power generation brake device 530 and the disc brake device 540, and is a substantially or complete stop (0 Km / h) speed. Also good.
- the brake control device 500 repeats the process from step S3 again (No in step S9).
- the process is terminated (Yes in step S9).
- the aerodynamic brake device 550 is described when selecting the control system in steps S5 and S7 in FIG. 4, but the regenerative / power generation brake device 530 and the aerodynamic brake device 550 are described.
- the disc brake device 540 may be operated in any combination.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the aerodynamic brake device 550 is operated for a predetermined time or intermittently. Alternatively, the aerodynamic brake device 550 may be operated.
- the brake control device 500 includes table data indicating that the aerodynamic brake device 550 is not instructed.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram in the case where the aerodynamic brake plate 301 is provided ahead of the central portion of the vehicle 201 in the traveling direction
- FIG. 12 is a case where the aerodynamic brake plate 301 is provided in the central portion of the vehicle 201.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram when the aerodynamic brake plate 301 is provided in the direction opposite to the traveling direction from the central portion of the vehicle 201.
- 14 to 16 are schematic diagrams showing the results of CFD analysis. 14 to 16, the vertical axis represents air resistance (kN), and the horizontal axis represents time (ms).
- the lines in FIGS. 14 to 16 indicate the resultant force of the resistance side force (force applied to the surface in the traveling direction H1) applied to the aerodynamic brake plate 301 and the separation side force (force applied to the back surface in the traveling direction H1). Yes.
- the time axis (horizontal axis) is applied to the aerodynamic brake plate 301 at a position of 900 ms.
- the resultant force is greatly changing up and down.
- the fluctuation of the resultant force applied to the aerodynamic brake plate 301 indicates that the vehicle 201 is vibrated.
- energy obtained from the air resistance due to vibration is wasted, and the effect of the aerodynamic brake plate 301 cannot be expected to the maximum.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301,..., 308 are more forward of the vehicle traveling direction H1 than the central portion of each vehicle 201,. Therefore, when the railway vehicle travels in the traveling direction H1, the aerodynamic brake plates 301 to 308 can receive the strongest air flow. As a result, the braking force generated by the aerodynamic brake plates 301 to 308 can be used efficiently.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401,..., 408 are provided in the direction -H1 opposite to the vehicle traveling direction H1 rather than the central portion of each vehicle 201,.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401d to 408d can receive the strongest air flow.
- the performance of the aerodynamic brake plates 401 to 408 can be used efficiently.
- vibrations applied to the vehicles 201,..., 208 can be reduced, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on passenger comfort in the vehicles 201,.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic side view showing another example of the aerodynamic brake device 550 of the railway vehicle 100
- FIG. 18 is a schematic side view showing still another example of the aerodynamic brake device 550 of the railway vehicle 100. .
- the aerodynamic brake device 550a in the railway vehicle 100a includes aerodynamic brake plates 301a to 308a and aerodynamic brake plates 401a to 408a.
- the aerodynamic brake plate 308a is provided so as to advance more greatly than any of the aerodynamic brake plates 301a to 307a.
- the length of the aerodynamic brake plate 308a may be long, and the advance / retreat amount may be adjusted by the drive unit 508 so as to advance and retreat the longest.
- the aerodynamic brake plate 307a is provided longer than any of the aerodynamic brake plates 301a to 306a. In this manner, the aerodynamic brake plates 301a,..., 306a are sequentially provided so that the lengths of the aerodynamic brake plates are sequentially increased, and the apex of the aerodynamic brake plates 301a,. ST relationship.
- the aerodynamic brake plate 401a is provided longer than any of the aerodynamic brake plates 402a to 408a.
- the aerodynamic brake plate 402a is provided longer than any of the aerodynamic brake plates 403a to 408a.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401a,..., 408a are sequentially provided so that the lengths of the aerodynamic brake plates 401a,.
- the aerodynamic brake device 550b in the railway vehicle 100b includes aerodynamic brake plates 301b to 308b and aerodynamic brake plates 401b to 408b. 18 has the same configuration as that of FIG. 17, but the apexes of the aerodynamic brake plates 301b,..., 308b and the aerodynamic brake plates 401b,.
- the projecting area of the aerodynamic brake plates 301a to 308a increases from the front to the rear in the traveling direction H1.
- the aerodynamic brake plate at the rear of the direction H1 is less affected by the aerodynamic brake plate at the front of the traveling direction, and the performance of the aerodynamic brake plates 301a,.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301a to 308a to the aerodynamic brake plates 301b to 308b are respectively connected to the railcar 100a to the railcar 100b. Since the vehicles 201a,..., 208a or the central portions of the vehicles 201b,..., 208b are provided in front of the traveling direction H1, the aerodynamic brake plates 301a,. , 308a can receive the strongest air flow. As a result, the braking force that can be generated by the aerodynamic brake plates 301a to 308a can be efficiently used.
- aerodynamic brake plates 401a,..., 408a or aerodynamic brake plates 401b,..., 408b are connected to the vehicles 201a,..., 208a, or vehicles 201b,. Since the railway vehicle travels in the reverse direction -H1 with respect to the traveling direction H1, the aerodynamic brake plates 401a,..., 408a or the aerodynamic brake plates 401b,. Can receive the strongest air flow. As a result, the brake force that can be generated by the aerodynamic brake plates 401a,..., 408a or the aerodynamic brake plates 401b,.
- vibrations applied to the vehicles 201a,..., 208a or the vehicles 201b,..., 208b can be reduced, the ride comfort of the passengers in the vehicles 201a,..., 208a or the vehicles 201b,. An adverse effect can be prevented.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic top view showing still another example of the aerodynamic brake device 550 of the railway vehicle 100.
- the aerodynamic brake device 550c in the railway vehicle 100c includes aerodynamic brake plates 301c,..., 308c and aerodynamic brake plates 401c,.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301c,..., 308c perform the advancing operation, and the traveling direction H1 is opposite to the traveling direction H1.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401c to 408c perform the advance operation.
- a plurality of aerodynamic brake plates 301c are provided on the side of the vehicle 201c when viewed from the upper surface of the vehicle 201c.
- the aerodynamic brake plate 302c is provided at the center of the vehicle 202c when viewed from the upper surface of the vehicle 201c.
- the aerodynamic brake plate 301c and the aerodynamic brake plate 302c are arranged so as not to overlap each other when viewed from the rear in the traveling direction H1. That is, when the railway vehicle 100c travels in the direction of travel H1 and braking force is required, when the air flow passes between the plurality of aerodynamic brake plates 301c, the rail vehicle 100c is disposed so as to hit the aerodynamic brake plate 302c. Yes.
- the rail vehicle 100c travels in the direction of travel H1 and requires a braking force, the rail vehicle 100c is arranged so as to hit the aerodynamic brake plate 304c when it passes between the aerodynamic brake plates 303c. .
- the rail vehicle 100c travels in the direction ⁇ H1 opposite to the traveling direction H1 and requires a braking force, the rail vehicle 100c is disposed so as to hit the aerodynamic brake plate 405c when passing between the aerodynamic brake plates 406c. Has been.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301c,..., 308c are controlled so as to be displaced from the front in the traveling direction H1 of the railway vehicle 100c toward the rear, the aerodynamic brake plates at the rear in the traveling direction are aerodynamics forward in the traveling direction. Even when a plurality of vehicles are formed, the performance of the aerodynamic brake plates 301c,...
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301c,..., 308c are more forward in the vehicle traveling direction H1 than the central part of each vehicle 201c,. Therefore, when the railway vehicle travels in the traveling direction H1, the aerodynamic brake plates 301c to 308c can receive the strongest air flow. As a result, the braking force that can be generated by the aerodynamic brake plates 301c,..., 308c can be used efficiently.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401c,..., 408c are provided in the direction -H1 opposite to the traveling direction H1 of the vehicle than the central part of each vehicle 201c,.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401dc,..., 408d can receive the strongest air flow.
- the braking force that can be generated by the aerodynamic brake plates 401 to 408 can be used efficiently.
- vibrations applied to the vehicles 201c,..., 208c can be reduced, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on passenger comfort in the vehicles 201c,.
- FIG. 20 and 21 explain still another example of the aerodynamic brake device 550 in the railway vehicle 100.
- FIG. 20 and 21 are schematic side views showing still another example of the aerodynamic brake device 550 of the railway vehicle 100.
- FIG. 20 and 21 are schematic side views showing still another example of the aerodynamic brake device 550 of the railway vehicle 100.
- FIG. 20 shows a case where the railway vehicle 100d travels in the traveling direction H1 and a braking force is required
- FIG. 21 shows a case where the railway vehicle 100d travels in the direction ⁇ H1 opposite to the traveling direction H1 and the braking force is Indicates when necessary.
- the aerodynamic brake device 550d in the railway vehicle 100d includes aerodynamic brake plates 301d,..., 308d and aerodynamic brake plates 401d,.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301d,..., 308d are centered on the shafts 311d,. It is rotated in the direction of arrow R1. Thereby, air resistance works and a braking force can be obtained.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301d,..., 308d and the aerodynamic brake plates 401d,..., 408d are rotated about the shafts 311d,..., 318d and the shafts 411d,.
- the projecting areas of the aerodynamic brake plates 301d to 308d and the aerodynamic brake plates 401d to 408d can be arbitrarily set. Can be set.
- working of the rail vehicle 100 has demonstrated as driving on the straight rail L, it is not limited to this, In the case of a curve (curve)
- the aerodynamic brake device 550 may be controlled in consideration of the left / right balance in the vehicles 201,. As a result, it is possible to realize a stop operation in consideration of the moment (centrifugal force) applied to the railway vehicle 100.
- a magnetic levitation type rail vehicle may be sufficient.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 301d,..., 308d are more forward in the vehicle traveling direction H1 than the center of each vehicle 201d,. Therefore, when the railway vehicle travels in the traveling direction H1, the aerodynamic brake plates 301d to 308d can receive the strongest air flow. As a result, the brake force that can be generated by the aerodynamic brake plates 301d,.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401d,..., 408d are provided in the direction -H1 opposite to the vehicle traveling direction H1 rather than the central portion of each vehicle 201d,.
- the aerodynamic brake plates 401d to 408d can receive the strongest air flow.
- the braking force that can be generated by the aerodynamic brake plates 401d to 408d can be efficiently used.
- vibrations applied to the vehicles 201d,..., 208d can be reduced, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on passenger comfort in the vehicles 201d,.
- any one of the vehicles 201,..., 208 corresponds to the vehicle
- the aerodynamic brake device 550 corresponds to the aerodynamic brake device
- the traveling direction H1 corresponds to the traveling direction
- the aerodynamic brake plate 301, , 308 and aerodynamic brake plates 401,..., 408 correspond to aerodynamic brake plates
- the brake control device 500 and drive units 501,..., 508, 601, It corresponds to a detection device, and corresponds to a vehicle in which the vehicles 201,..., 208 and the couplers 211,.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
一局面に従う空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法は、複数の車両から構成される編成の一部又は全部の車両の中央部よりも編成の進行方向前方に設けられた空力ブレーキ板の作動を制御する空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法であって、編成の速度を検出するステップと、空力ブレーキ装置で発生させる減速度と編成の速度とに応じて、空力ブレーキ板の動作を決定するステップと、を含むものである。
空力ブレーキ板の動作には、第1の車両の空力ブレーキ板が、第1の車両より進行方向前方の第2の車両の空力ブレーキ板よりも、進出する面積が多くなる制御が含まれていてもよい。
空力ブレーキ板の動作には、第1の車両の空力ブレーキ板を、第1の車両より進行方向前方の第2の車両の空力ブレーキ板が進出を開始した後に進出させる制御が含まれていてもよい。
空力ブレーキ板の動作には、第1の車両の空力ブレーキ板を第1の車両より進行方向後方の第2の車両の空力ブレーキ板が進出を開始した後に進出させる制御が含まれていてもよい。
201,~,208 車両
211,~,216 連結器
301,~,308 空力ブレーキ板
401,~,408 空力ブレーキ板
500 ブレーキ制御装置
501,~,508,601,~,608 駆動部
550 空力ブレーキ装置
560 速度計
H1 進行方向
(一実施の形態)
図1は、本発明に係る一実施の形態に係る鉄道車両100の一例を示す模式的側面図である。
次に、鉄道車両100の構成について説明を行う。図2は鉄道車両100の構成の一例を示す模式図であり、図3は図1の鉄道車両100の一部を示す側面拡大図である。
同様に、駆動部503は、ブレーキ制御装置500の指令に基づいて空力ブレーキ板303の進出及び退避動作を駆動し、駆動部603が、ブレーキ制御装置500の指令に基づいて空力ブレーキ板403の進出及び退避動作を駆動する。
なお、上記制動力の算出過程において、回生/発電ブレーキ装置530、ディスクブレーキ装置540、および、空圧ブレーキ装置550のそれぞれにより発生させる制動力も決定される。
具体的に、ブレーキ制御装置500は、算出された制動力の値に応じて予め定められたテーブルから制御システム(各ブレーキ装置及びそれらの制御方法、若しくはこれらの組み合わせ)の選定を行う。
具体的に、ブレーキ制御装置500は、算出された制動力の値に応じて予め定められたテーブルデータから制御システム(各ブレーキ装置及びそれらの制御方法、若しくはこれらの組み合わせ)の選定を行う。
鉄道車両100が所定値の速度を超過していると判定された場合には、ブレーキ制御装置500は、再度ステップS3から処理を繰返す(ステップS9のNo)。一方、鉄道車両100が所定値の速度以下であると判定した場合には、処理を終了する(ステップS9のYes)。
続いて、図11は、車両201の中央部よりも進行方向前方に空力ブレーキ板301を設けた場合の模式図であり、図12は、車両201の中央部に空力ブレーキ板301を設けた場合の模式図であり、図13は、車両201の中央部よりも進行方向と逆方向に空力ブレーキ板301を設けた場合の模式図である。
次いで、鉄道車両100の空力ブレーキ装置550の他の例について説明を行う。図17は、鉄道車両100の空力ブレーキ装置550の他の例を示す模式的側面図であり、図18は、鉄道車両100の空力ブレーキ装置550のさらに他の例を示す模式的側面図である。
そして、空力ブレーキ板307aは、空力ブレーキ板301a,~,306aのいずれよりも長く設けられる。このように、順次、空力ブレーキ板301a,~,306aの順に順次空力ブレーキ板の長さが長くなるように設けられ、空力ブレーキ板301a,~,308aにおける進出させた状態の最頂点は、直線STの関係を有する。
図18は、図17と同様の構成であるものの、空力ブレーキ板301b,~,308b、空力ブレーキ板401b,~,408bにおける進出させた状態の最頂点は、二次曲線RTの関係を有する。
続いて、鉄道車両100における空力ブレーキ装置550のさらに他の例について説明を行う。図19は、鉄道車両100の空力ブレーキ装置550のさらに他の例を示す模式的上面図である。
すなわち、鉄道車両100cが進行方向H1の方向に走行しつつ制動力が必要な場合、空気の流れが、複数の空力ブレーキ板301cの間を通過した場合、空力ブレーキ板302cにあたるように配置されている。同様に、鉄道車両100cが進行方向H1の方向に走行しつつ制動力が必要な場合、空気の流れが、空力ブレーキ板303cの間を通過した場合、空力ブレーキ板304cにあたるように配置されている。
図20および図21は、鉄道車両100における空力ブレーキ装置550のさらに他の例について説明を行う。図20および図21は、鉄道車両100の空力ブレーキ装置550のさらに他の例を示す模式的側面図である。
Claims (4)
- 複数の車両から構成される編成の一部又は全部の前記車両の中央部よりも前記編成の進行方向前方に設けられた空力ブレーキ板の動作を制御する空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法であって、
前記編成の速度を検出するステップと、
空力ブレーキ装置で発生させる減速度と前記編成の速度とに応じて、前記空力ブレーキ板の動作を決定するステップと、
を含む空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法。 - 前記空力ブレーキ板の動作には、
第1の前記車両の空力ブレーキ板が、第1の前記車両より進行方向前方の第2の前記車両の空力ブレーキ板よりも、進出する面積が多くなる制御が含まれる、請求項1に記載の空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法。 - 前記空力ブレーキ板の動作には、
第1の前記車両の空力ブレーキ板を、第1の前記車両より進行方向前方の第2の前記車両の空力ブレーキ板が進出を開始した後に進出させる制御が含まれる請求項1に記載の空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法。 - 前記空力ブレーキ板の動作には、
第1の前記車両の空力ブレーキ板を第1の前記車両より進行方向後方の第2の前記車両の空力ブレーキ板が進出を開始した後に進出させるように制御することが含まれる請求項1に記載の空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11816219.7A EP2604483A1 (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2011-07-28 | Method for controlling air brake device |
JP2012528590A JPWO2012020549A1 (ja) | 2010-08-11 | 2011-07-28 | 空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法 |
KR1020137005809A KR20130061169A (ko) | 2010-08-11 | 2011-07-28 | 공력 브레이크 장치의 제어 방법 |
US13/814,908 US20130138278A1 (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2011-07-28 | Control method for aerodynamic brake device |
CN2011800394309A CN103068645A (zh) | 2010-08-11 | 2011-07-28 | 气动制动装置的控制方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010179947 | 2010-08-11 | ||
JP2010-179947 | 2010-08-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012020549A1 true WO2012020549A1 (ja) | 2012-02-16 |
Family
ID=45567525
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/004291 WO2012020549A1 (ja) | 2010-08-11 | 2011-07-28 | 空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130138278A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2604483A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2012020549A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20130061169A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103068645A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012020549A1 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013049293A (ja) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-14 | Railway Technical Research Institute | 空力ブレーキを有する鉄道車両 |
CN103213599A (zh) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-07-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种用于高速列车的风阻制动装置 |
WO2013141038A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-26 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | 鉄道車両用空力ブレーキ装置、及び鉄道車両 |
CN107985332A (zh) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-05-04 | 同济大学 | 一种高速磁浮列车安全制动系统 |
RU2661413C2 (ru) * | 2016-05-05 | 2018-07-16 | Петр Тихонович Харитонов | Система аэродинамического торможения и рекуперации кинетической энергии на высокоскоростном железнодорожном транспорте |
CN112373507A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-19 | 南京铁道职业技术学院 | 一种高速列车辅助减速装置 |
US11548485B2 (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2023-01-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electrified vehicle configured to address excess braking request by selectively increasing drag |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103121443A (zh) * | 2011-11-19 | 2013-05-29 | 李忠华 | 快速制动总成 |
DE102013221551A1 (de) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum zeitweiligen Erhöhen eines Luftwiderstands eines wenigstens zwei aneinandergekoppelte Wagenkästen aufweisenden Schienenfahrzeugs |
CN103587544A (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-19 | 米建军 | 一种轨道交通用减速装置 |
US10279823B2 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2019-05-07 | General Electric Company | System for controlling or monitoring a vehicle system along a route |
KR101798892B1 (ko) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-11-17 | 장대성 | 공기 저항을 이용한 철도 차량용 제동 경사장치 |
CN108909767A (zh) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | 磁浮列车及其制动装置 |
CN109683521B (zh) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-11-10 | 合肥欣奕华智能机器有限公司 | 一种电控系统及制动控制方法 |
CN109849873B (zh) * | 2019-01-17 | 2022-02-08 | 同济大学 | 一种用于轨道车辆制动的伞状风阻板结构 |
CN112590835B (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-06-28 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | 一种高速列车横风效应控制装置 |
CN113978507A (zh) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-28 | 西南交通大学 | 一种高速轨道车辆车端连接处风阻制动装置 |
CN113911164A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-11 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | 高速超导电动磁悬浮列车的制动控制方法、装置和列车 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05248460A (ja) * | 1992-03-03 | 1993-09-24 | Central Japan Railway Co | 走行体のエアブレーキ |
JPH0779506A (ja) * | 1993-09-09 | 1995-03-20 | Toshiba Corp | 空力ブレーキ制御装置 |
JPH0781533A (ja) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-03-28 | Toshiba Corp | 空力ブレーキ制御装置 |
JP2003002194A (ja) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-01-08 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 空力ブレーキ装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4041283A (en) * | 1975-07-25 | 1977-08-09 | Halliburton Company | Railway train control simulator and method |
CN2716094Y (zh) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-08-10 | 庞立华 | 机动车风力辅助制动装置 |
WO2009153883A1 (ja) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 列車滑走制御装置および列車滑走制御方法 |
KR101182465B1 (ko) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-09-12 | 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 | 열차 브레이크 장치 |
CN102196951B (zh) * | 2008-10-21 | 2015-01-07 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 铁路车辆用制动控制装置 |
CN102712259B (zh) * | 2010-01-21 | 2015-02-18 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 制动控制装置及制动控制方法 |
EP2546752B1 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2018-09-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Memory diagnostic method, memory diagnostic device, and memory diagnostic program |
EP2669139B1 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2019-03-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Brake pressure calculation device, brake control system, and program |
-
2011
- 2011-07-28 JP JP2012528590A patent/JPWO2012020549A1/ja active Pending
- 2011-07-28 CN CN2011800394309A patent/CN103068645A/zh active Pending
- 2011-07-28 US US13/814,908 patent/US20130138278A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-07-28 EP EP11816219.7A patent/EP2604483A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-07-28 WO PCT/JP2011/004291 patent/WO2012020549A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-07-28 KR KR1020137005809A patent/KR20130061169A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05248460A (ja) * | 1992-03-03 | 1993-09-24 | Central Japan Railway Co | 走行体のエアブレーキ |
JPH0781533A (ja) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-03-28 | Toshiba Corp | 空力ブレーキ制御装置 |
JPH0779506A (ja) * | 1993-09-09 | 1995-03-20 | Toshiba Corp | 空力ブレーキ制御装置 |
JP2003002194A (ja) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-01-08 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 空力ブレーキ装置 |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013049293A (ja) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-14 | Railway Technical Research Institute | 空力ブレーキを有する鉄道車両 |
WO2013141038A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-26 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | 鉄道車両用空力ブレーキ装置、及び鉄道車両 |
JP2013193622A (ja) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-30 | Railway Technical Research Institute | 鉄道車両用空力ブレーキ装置、及び鉄道車両 |
CN103213599A (zh) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-07-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种用于高速列车的风阻制动装置 |
RU2661413C2 (ru) * | 2016-05-05 | 2018-07-16 | Петр Тихонович Харитонов | Система аэродинамического торможения и рекуперации кинетической энергии на высокоскоростном железнодорожном транспорте |
CN107985332A (zh) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-05-04 | 同济大学 | 一种高速磁浮列车安全制动系统 |
US11548485B2 (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2023-01-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electrified vehicle configured to address excess braking request by selectively increasing drag |
CN112373507A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-19 | 南京铁道职业技术学院 | 一种高速列车辅助减速装置 |
CN112373507B (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2023-03-21 | 南京铁道职业技术学院 | 一种高速列车辅助减速装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103068645A (zh) | 2013-04-24 |
US20130138278A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
JPWO2012020549A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 |
KR20130061169A (ko) | 2013-06-10 |
EP2604483A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2012020549A1 (ja) | 空力ブレーキ装置の制御方法 | |
CN108791366B (zh) | 一种采用虚拟耦合的多列车协同控制方法及系统 | |
RU2238860C1 (ru) | Система автоматизированного вождения грузовых поездов повышенной массы и длины с распределенными по их длине локомотивами | |
CN105551282B (zh) | 一种超车提示方法和装置 | |
CN102712318B (zh) | 车辆控制装置 | |
CN110155006A (zh) | 一种列车保持制动缓解的系统、方法及列车 | |
CN104936843A (zh) | 行驶辅助系统以及控制装置 | |
WO2015052865A1 (ja) | 走行制御装置及び走行制御方法 | |
CN110077373A (zh) | 一种磁浮列车分级制动的控制方法 | |
JP2014502134A (ja) | 車両操作方法および運転者支援装置 | |
JP2008201391A (ja) | 電気駆動式荷役車両の前後進切替装置 | |
CN101516670A (zh) | 车辆牵引控制系统 | |
CN113641176A (zh) | 远程驾驶的制动处理方法、装置及系统 | |
JP2010098849A (ja) | 車両運転装置 | |
JP5010297B2 (ja) | 列車制御装置 | |
US10338604B2 (en) | Vehicle control system | |
TW201641330A (zh) | 鐵道車輛之煞車控制裝置 | |
JP2020511360A (ja) | 鉄道車両用の制動装置および鉄道車両の制動方法 | |
JP2014217088A (ja) | 電気車のブレーキ制御方法およびブレーキシステム | |
JP2007230500A (ja) | 車両用自動ブレーキ制御装置 | |
JP5793458B2 (ja) | 鉄道車両の運転支援装置 | |
JP5675281B2 (ja) | 車両 | |
WO2021171657A1 (ja) | 走行パタン作成装置及びそれを用いた運転制御方法 | |
CN105551275B (zh) | 新型路口交通指挥系统 | |
RU2354569C2 (ru) | Способ вождения соединенных поездов |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201180039430.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11816219 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2012528590 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011816219 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13814908 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20137005809 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |