WO2012013158A1 - 液压阀、液压阀组及液压阀控制方法 - Google Patents
液压阀、液压阀组及液压阀控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012013158A1 WO2012013158A1 PCT/CN2011/077809 CN2011077809W WO2012013158A1 WO 2012013158 A1 WO2012013158 A1 WO 2012013158A1 CN 2011077809 W CN2011077809 W CN 2011077809W WO 2012013158 A1 WO2012013158 A1 WO 2012013158A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- hydraulic
- sleeve
- spool
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
- F15B13/0402—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
- F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
- F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
- F16K27/041—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves cylindrical slide valves
Definitions
- Hydraulic valve, hydraulic valve group and hydraulic valve control method The present application claims the invention patent application No. 201010240847.9 entitled "Hydraulic valve, hydraulic valve group and hydraulic valve control method" submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on July 30, 2010 Priority is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic transmission and control technology, and more particularly to a hydraulic valve and a hydraulic valve group for controlling a flow direction or a liquid flow rate in a hydraulic system, and to a control method for the hydraulic valve.
- Hydraulic valves for fluid direction control or flow control in hydraulic systems are widely used and come in many varieties.
- FIG. 1 shows a prior art slide valve type hydraulic valve structure.
- the hydraulic valve includes a first end cap, a first return spring 2', an integral spool 3', a valve body 4', a second return spring 5', and a second end cap 6'.
- the integral spool 3' is disposed in the cavity of the valve body 4', is centered by the first return spring 2' and the second return spring 5', and is held in the neutral position.
- the hydraulic pressure on both sides of the hydraulic valve is introduced by the X' and Y' ports. As shown in Fig.
- the entire hydraulic valve is scrapped.
- the valve core 3' is integral and the mating surface with the valve body 4' is long, the inner hole of the valve body 4' is processed for a long length, and the machining accuracy is difficult to ensure, and it is difficult to ensure a small and uniform assembly requirement. Clearance.
- the excessive clearance between the valve core 3' and the valve body 4' leads to an increase in leakage between the internal bores, which affects the working performance of the reversing valve. If the clearance is too small, the spool 3' is easily issued, resulting in no commutation. normal.
- a hydraulic valve includes a valve body, a valve core and a valve sleeve, the valve core is disposed in a cavity of the valve body, and the valve sleeve is sleeved on the valve core, the valve
- the sleeve is a split valve sleeve, and includes at least a first valve sleeve and a second valve sleeve.
- the valve core is a split valve core, and includes at least a first valve core and a second valve core.
- valve sleeve is a stepped valve sleeve, and the cavity of the valve body is also arranged in a stepped manner to match the stepped structure of the valve sleeve. Further, the valve sleeve is provided with an oil passage corresponding to the pressure oil port on the valve body, and the valve sleeve and the valve body are sealed by a sealing ring.
- the hydraulic valve further includes: a first following spring directly contacting the end of the first valve core; and a second following spring directly contacting the end of the second valve core,
- the first follower spring and the second follower spring are configured to keep the first valve core and the second valve core in abutting state, wherein a portion where the first valve core and the second valve core abut each other is discharged through the drain port R
- the hydraulic oil in the cavity at the outlet of the valve plug further includes a third valve core, and the third valve core is disposed between the first valve core and the second valve core.
- the hydraulic valve further includes a third valve sleeve, and the third valve sleeve is matched with the third valve core.
- the hydraulic valve is an electromagnetically driven hydraulic valve, and the end of the first valve core and the end of the second valve core are respectively provided with a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet for operating the valve The action of the core.
- the hydraulic valve is a flow valve, and the electromagnet is a proportional electromagnet for controlling the flow rate through the flow valve through the current control through the proportional electromagnet.
- the axis of the first spool is different from the axis of the second spool. Further, the outer diameters of the first valve core and the second valve core are different.
- a control method for a hydraulic valve as described above wherein a drain port R on the valve body serves as a control port K at the same time, when the spool is at the center, left and right
- the leakage oil between the first valve core and the second valve core is discharged through the rake, when the rake introduces the pressure oil, the first spool moves to the left, and the second spool to the right Movement, at this time, the mouth on the valve body communicates with the mouth, and the P port communicates with the B port to achieve four functions.
- a hydraulic valve block includes a valve core, a valve sleeve and a valve block, the valve sleeve is sleeved on the valve core, the valve core is a split valve core, and includes a first valve core And the second valve core, the valve sleeve is a split valve sleeve, including a first valve sleeve and a second valve sleeve, and the valve core and the valve sleeve are integrated into the valve block.
- a hydraulic control system is provided that includes a hydraulic valve or hydraulic valve block as previously described. The hydraulic valve according to the present invention has the following advantages:
- valve core no longer directly cooperates with the valve body, but instead cooperates with the valve sleeve to transfer the high precision requirement from the valve body to the valve sleeve.
- the valve sleeve can be processed separately, the processing is very convenient, the precision is easy to guarantee, and the processing precision of the valve body is greatly reduced.
- the valve sleeve and the valve core adopt the split structure, which greatly shortens the matching length of the valve core with the valve sleeve and the valve body.
- the hole in the valve body can be processed separately from both sides, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty.
- the coaxiality between the inner holes on both sides of the valve body is greatly reduced. There is no need for coaxiality between the first valve sleeve and the second valve sleeve, and the first valve core and the second valve core do not require the same outer diameter. Even allowing eccentricity, the two valve cores can be machined separately.
- the first valve core and the first valve sleeve need only be processed in a complete process, and the second valve core and the second valve sleeve are processed in a complete set, which is extremely convenient to process.
- the valve plug and the valve sleeve A suitable and uniform gap between the two, reduces the risk of stagnation, strong anti-pollution ability, and because the spool is separated, the valve can be used to eliminate the stuck of the other spool through one spool, so that the hydraulic valve
- the work efficiency and work stability are greatly improved.
- the split valve core wears evenly during the commutation process, which can improve the life of the spool and improve the service life of the hydraulic valve. Due to the disassembly of the split valve sleeve, one of the spools can be replaced separately or the valve sleeve can be repaired and compensated for by replacing the valve sleeve. The interchangeability and reusability of the components are good, and the use cost is reduced.
- the prior art hydraulic valve body can only be formed by casting.
- the valve core and the valve sleeve adopt a split structure, the processing is convenient, and the valve body can be realized by a forging.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art hydraulic valve
- FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a prior art hydraulic valve in a left position
- FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a prior art hydraulic valve in a left position
- FIG. 1b is a schematic view of a prior art hydraulic valve in a right position during operation;
- 2 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 2a is a schematic view showing a hydraulic valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention when it is in a left position;
- FIG. 2b is a diagram according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- 5 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic valve according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
- 5a is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic valve according to a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6a is a flow valve according to the present invention.
- Figure 6b is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydraulic valve according to the present invention when it is manually driven
- Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydraulic valve according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 8 is a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 shows a structure in which the split valve core and the valve sleeve have different lengths in the hydraulic valve according to the present invention
- FIG. 10 shows that the hydraulic valve according to the present invention adds a control port to realize four positions.
- Schematic diagram of the function control method FIG. 10a is a schematic view of the two hydraulic valve spools in the hydraulic valve control method shown in FIG. 10; and
- FIG. 11 shows the valve core and the valve sleeve integrated into the valve according to the present invention.
- the structure of the hydraulic valve block is formed in the block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
- the hydraulic valve includes a valve body 10, a valve core and a valve sleeve, the valve sleeve is sleeved on the valve core, and the valve core and the valve sleeve are disposed in the cavity of the valve body 10.
- the valve core is a split valve core, and includes a first valve core 31 and a second valve core 32.
- Both valve cores are disposed in the cavity of the valve body 10, and abut each other, and the valve sleeve is
- the split valve sleeve includes a first valve sleeve 21 and a second valve sleeve 22, which are respectively sleeved on the first valve core 31 and the second valve core 32.
- a reset mechanism is further included, and the reset mechanism is disposed at an end of the spool for driving the spool to be reset.
- the reset mechanism includes a first elastic member 51 and a second elastic member 52.
- the first elastic member 51 is disposed at an end of the first valve core 31 for pressing the end of the first valve core 31.
- the second elastic member 52 is disposed at the end of the second valve core 32 for pressing the end of the second valve core 32.
- the resilient member described above may be a spring or other component or mechanism that enables the spool 30 to be reset.
- the hydraulic valve of the present invention is further provided with an end cap assembly, including a first end cap assembly 71 and a second end cap assembly 72, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the valve body 10, and are used for accommodating and positioning.
- the first elastic member 51 and the second elastic member 52 are respectively disposed at both ends of the valve body 10.
- the specific form of the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 can be specifically designed according to the required median function, and the two spools 31, 32 are held in the middle by the resultant force of the first elastic member 51 and the second elastic member 52. Bit. It can be understood that when the valve body 10 corresponding to the valve sleeve is provided with an oil port, an oil port corresponding to the oil port on the valve body 10 is also provided on the valve sleeve. As shown in Fig. 2, a sealing ring 40 is provided between the valve sleeve and the valve body 10 for sealing action. Preferably, the sealing ring 40 is a 0-type sealing ring. As shown in FIG.
- the pressure oil is introduced into the cavity of the second elastic member 52 through the Y port, and the second valve core 32 and the first valve core 31 can be pushed to the left side of the valve body 10 at the same time to realize the P port and the B. Port, A port and T port.
- the sealing between the valve body and the valve sleeve is achieved by the sealing ring, the machining precision of the inner hole of the valve body 10 is reduced, and the valve body and the valve in the conventional hydraulic valve are simultaneously
- the cooperation of the core is transferred between the inner hole of the valve sleeve and the valve core, and the valve sleeve can be processed separately, the processing is extremely convenient, and the precision is easy to ensure.
- the valve sleeve is of a split type, the inner hole of the valve body 10 can be separately processed from both sides, and the processing length on both sides is reduced, which is easy to realize, and the coaxiality between the inner holes on both sides of the valve body 10 is greatly required.
- first valve sleeve 21 lowering, there is no need for coaxiality between the first valve sleeve 21 and the second valve sleeve 22.
- first spool 31 and the second spool 32 since the position of the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 is not high after the valve core of the present invention is changed from the conventional integral type, only the first spool 31 and the first valve are required.
- a valve sleeve 21 is processed in a complete set, and the second valve core 32 and the second valve sleeve 22 are processed in a complete set.
- the first valve core 31 and the second valve core 32 can be separately processed, and the processing is convenient.
- the outer diameters of the first valve body 31 and the second valve body 32 are not required to be uniform, and the function can be realized even if the eccentricity is achieved.
- the spool operation mode can still be realized in accordance with the conventional hydraulic valve, and the neutral function that can be realized when the conventional hydraulic valve is used as the reversing valve can be realized.
- the hydraulic valve adopts the split valve sleeve and the valve core the first valve core 31 and the second valve core 32 are separately processed, the machining precision and the assembly precision are easily ensured, and the assembly is convenient, the valve core mating length is shortened, and the jam is reduced. Hidden danger, and the action of the spool can be used to eliminate the jam of the other spool with one spool.
- the two spools wear evenly during the commutation process, which increases the life of the spool and increases the life of the hydraulic valve.
- One of the spools can be replaced or replaced by a valve sleeve to repair and compensate for the wear of the spool.
- the interchangeability is good, the reusability is good, and the use cost is reduced.
- the embodiment of the above FIG. 2 of the present invention provides a three-position four-way hydraulic valve, and the valve body and the valve sleeve are provided with corresponding pressure oil ports (P), oil return ports (T), and first working oil ports. ( ⁇ ), the second working port ( ⁇ ), and the drain port (R), the drain port (R) is set between the first spool (31) and the second spool (32) .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydraulic valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the embodiment, the first valve body 31 and the second valve body 32 of the split type are also provided. A valve sleeve 21 and a second valve sleeve 22.
- first valve sleeve 21 and the second valve sleeve 22 are designed in a stepped manner, and the cavity of the valve body 10 is also arranged in a stepped manner, and the stepped structure of the first valve sleeve 21 and the second valve sleeve 22 Match.
- the stepped valve sleeve structure described above provides great convenience for the installation of the first valve sleeve 21 and the second valve sleeve 22, and is convenient to be assembled from the opposite direction to the valve body 10 by the sealing manner of the 0-type sealing ring 40. In the middle, it is possible to avoid scratching the 0-ring 40.
- the sealing is performed by means of the 0-type sealing ring 40, and the first valve sleeve 21 and the second valve sleeve 22 are easily taken out from the valve body 10 and repeatedly assembled from the opposite direction.
- the contact surface of the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 communicates with the drain port R, and the leakage oil between the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 can be returned to the tank. It is prevented from being separated by the oil pressure generated between the first valve body 31 and the second valve body 32, and the commutation cannot be synchronized.
- a third embodiment of the present invention is also provided.
- a hydraulic valve structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown.
- the first elastic member 51 is disposed in the first end cap assembly 71 and abuts against the end of the first valve core 31 through a first sleeve member 61
- the second elastic member 52 is disposed at the second end.
- the cover assembly 72 is seated against the end of the second spool 32 by a second sleeve member 62.
- a first follower spring 81 is disposed in the first sleeve member 61.
- first follower spring 81 directly abuts the end of the first spool 31; the second follower spring 82 is disposed in the second Sleeve member 62 The one end of the second following spring 82 directly abuts the end of the second valve body 32.
- the first follower spring 81 and the second follower spring 82 are used to maintain the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 in an abutting state. During the entire stroke of the spool movement, the first follower spring 81 and the second follower spring 82 will always follow the mating faces of the first spool 31 and the second spool 32, that is, always maintain contact with the spool. .
- the center of the spool is still maintained by the resultant force of the first elastic member 51 and the second elastic member 52.
- the second spool 32 has been separated from the second elastic member 52.
- the first elastic member 51 will push the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 to the neutral position, and the second spool 32 is caused by the transient hydraulic power when the spool is actuated.
- the first spool 31 is separated to affect the commutation stability of the hydraulic valve, and the added first follower spring 81 is always attached to the left end surface of the first spool 31 to generate a top pressure on the first spool 31, thereby maintaining The first valve body 31 is in contact with the second valve body 32.
- the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 are in the right position of the valve body 10
- the first spool 31 has been separated from the first elastic member 51, and after the control oil is released from the X port, the second The elastic member 52 will push the second valve core 32 and the first valve core 31 to move to the neutral position.
- the transient hydraulic power during the action of the spool will separate the first valve core 31 from the second valve core 32, affecting the hydraulic valve.
- Fig. 5 shows a hydraulic valve structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 and other figures, the portion of the first spool 31 and the second spool 32 abutting each other through the drain port R to discharge the hydraulic oil in the cavity of the spool body to maintain the first The end surface of the spool 31 is in abutment with the end surface of the second valve body 32.
- Fig. 5 shows a hydraulic valve structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
- a third spool 33 may be further included, and the third spool 33 is disposed between the first spool 31 and the second spool 32.
- Fig. 5a shows the structure of a modification of the hydraulic valve according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the hydraulic valve also includes a third valve sleeve 23 that mates with the third valve core 33.
- the embodiment of FIG. 5a of the present invention provides a three-position six-way hydraulic valve, and the valve body and the valve sleeve are provided with corresponding pressure oil ports (P), oil return ports (T), and first work.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydraulic valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the hydraulic valve is an electromagnetically driven hydraulic valve, and the end of the first valve core 31 and the end of the second valve core 32 are respectively provided with the first electromagnetic The iron 91 and the second electromagnet 92 are used to operate the spool. As shown in Fig.
- the hydraulic valve of the present invention can also be used as a flow valve.
- the electromagnets on both sides are proportional electromagnets 93 and 94.
- the electromagnet of the proportional electromagnet The force is adjusted by the current of the proportional electromagnet, and the appropriate electromagnetic force is obtained by controlling the current through the proportional electromagnets 93, 94, and the magnitude of the electromagnetic force determines the displacement of the spool, thereby obtaining the displacement of the spool 31, 32.
- the hydraulic valve of the present invention may also be a manually driven hydraulic valve, and 95, 96 are manual drive handles.
- Fig. 7 it is a structure of a hydraulic valve according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the axis of the first spool 31 is different from the axis of the second spool 32, and the distance between the two axes is shown as L1.
- a step surface 311 and a step surface 321 are respectively disposed on the first valve core 31 and the second valve core 32, and an outer diameter of the step surface 311 of the first valve core 31 is smaller than an outer diameter of the second valve core 32,
- the outer diameter of the stepped surface 321 of the two valve cores 32 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first valve body 31 so that no interference occurs between the respective stepped surfaces and the corresponding valve core holes. Therefore, in the state where the axes of the first valve body 31 and the second valve body 32 are deviated, the normal operation of the valve body can still be achieved.
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hydraulic valve according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
- the outer diameters of the first valve body 31 and the second valve body 32 may be different.
- the outer diameter of the first valve body 31 shown in Fig. 8 is L2
- the outer diameter of the second valve body 32 is L3. It is not difficult to understand that due to the split valve core structure adopted by the present invention, the normal operation of the hydraulic valve can still be achieved in the case where the outer diameters of the two valve cores are different.
- the oil port originally used as the drain port R can be used as the control oil port.
- the oil ports, the first valve body 31 and the second valve core 32 maintain the neutral type 0 function under the action of the first elastic member 51 and the second elastic member 52, ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ oil ports are not connected to each other.
- the first valve body 31 moves to the right, and the first valve core 31 transmits the force to the second valve core 32 through the abutting surface of the second valve body 32, and the second valve core 32 follows the first valve core 32.
- a valve core 31 moves to the right, compresses the second elastic member 52 and realizes the left position function.
- the P port communicates with the B port, and the A port communicates with the T port.
- the spool returns to the neutral position under the force of the second elastic member 52.
- the second valve core 32 moves to the left, and the second valve core 32 transmits the force to the first valve core 31 through the abutting surface of the first valve body 31, and the first valve core 31 follows The second valve core 32 moves to the left to compress the first elastic member 51 and realize the right position function.
- the P port communicates with the A port, and the B port communicates with the T port. After the pressure oil is released, the spool returns to the neutral position under the force of the first elastic member 51.
- the split valve sleeve and spool structure of the present invention can also be applied to other forms of hydraulic valves or hydraulic control systems.
- a hydraulic valve block includes a valve core, a valve sleeve and a valve block 11
- the valve sleeve is sleeved on the valve core
- the valve core is a split valve core, including the first valve core 31.
- the valve sleeve is a split valve sleeve, including a first valve sleeve 21 and a second valve sleeve 22, wherein the split valve cores 31, 32 and the valve sleeves 21, 22 are integrated into the valve block 11.
- valve core and the valve sleeve can be conveniently integrated into the valve block to realize the function of the hydraulic valve.
- the hydraulic valve group is different from the traditional independent structure hydraulic valve, because the valve core passes
- the valve sleeve is directly inserted into the inner hole of the valve block, which can reduce the connection between the traditional hydraulic valve and the valve block, that is, reduce the leakage link, and the control and implementation are very convenient, and the design of the valve block can realize the rational layout of the entire hydraulic system. .
- the integration of the spool into the valve block reduces the mass and volume of the entire valve block assembly, resulting in a significant reduction in material costs.
- a hydraulic control system can be provided in accordance with the present invention, which includes the hydraulic valve or hydraulic valve block previously described.
- the hydraulic valve and hydraulic valve block of the invention can be widely used in various construction machinery, including concrete machinery, road construction machinery, excavation machinery, lifting machinery, port machinery and pile machinery.
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Abstract
公开了一种液压阀、液压阀组及液压阀控制方法。液压阀包括阀体(10)、阀芯与阀套,阀芯设置于阀体的腔体内,阀套套设于所述阀芯上,阀套为分体式阀套,包括第一阀套(21)与第二阀套(22)。阀芯为分体式结构,包括第一阀芯(31)与第二阀芯(32)。液压阀组包括有分体式结构的第一阀套、第二阀套及第一阀芯与第二阀芯,且阀芯、阀套集成到阀块(11)中。由于采用了分体式的阀芯、阀套结构,解决了液压阀中的阀芯与阀体的配合面长、精度难以保证,加工、装配不方便,阀孔磨损后无法修复的问题。分体式阀套及阀芯使阀芯装配简单,且阀芯不易发卡,抗污染能力强。部件互换性好,维修、更换极为方便,整体使用寿命大为延长。
Description
液压阀、 液压阀组及液压阀控制方法 本申请要求于 2010年 7月 30日向中国国家知识产权局提交的名称为 "液压阀、 液压阀组及液压阀控制方法"的第 201010240847.9号发明专利申请的优先权, 其全部 内容结合于此供参考。 技术领域 本发明涉及液压传动与控制技术领域, 尤其涉及一种控制液压系统中液流方向或 液流量的液压阀、 液压阀组, 本发明还涉及该液压阀的控制方法。 背景技术 液压系统中用于流体方向控制或流量控制的液压阀应用十分广泛,其种类也很多。 按操纵方式分有电动、 液动、 电液动等, 按阀的结构又有滑阀、 转阀等多种形式。 图 1所示为一种现有的滑阀式液压阀结构。 如图 1所示, 该液压阀包括第一端盖 Γ、 第一复位弹簧 2'、 整体阀芯 3'、 阀体 4'、 第二复位弹簧 5'及第二端盖 6'。 整体阀 芯 3'设于阀体 4'的腔体内,由第一复位弹簧 2'和第二复位弹簧 5'来对中,保持在中位。 该液压阀的两侧控制油压由 X'、 Y'口引入, 如图 la所示, 当 X'口进油时, 油压 推动整体阀芯 3'向右动作, 压缩第二复位弹簧 5'并实现换向, 此时 P'口与 B'口相通, A'口与 T'口相通; X'口油压泄压后,整体阀芯 3'在第二复位弹簧 5'的作用下回到中位, P'口、 A'口、 B'口、 T'口各不相通。 如图 lb所示, 当 Y'口进油时, 油压推动整体阀芯 3'向左动作, 压缩第一复位弹簧 2'并实现换向, 此时 P'口与 A'口相通, B'口与 T'口相 通; 当 Y'口油压泄压后, 阀芯 3'在第一复位弹簧 2'的作用下回到中位。 现有技术的液压阀存在以下的缺陷。 由于阀芯 3'直接与阀体 4'相互配合,需直接在阀体 4'上加工用于容纳阀芯 3'的阀 孔, 加工很不方便, 且阀孔孔径加工大了后会直接导致整个液压阀的报废。 同时, 由于阀芯 3'为整体式, 与阀体 4'的配合面较长, 阀体 4'的内孔加工长度较 长, 加工精度很难保证, 难以保证装配所要求的较小而均匀的间隙。 阀芯 3'与阀体 4' 的配合间隙过大会导致内部腔孔间的泄露量增大, 影响换向阀的工作性能; 配合间隙 过小, 容易使阀芯 3'发卡, 导致换向不正常。 且液压阀作为换向阀工作时, 整体式阀 芯 3'容易受液压油中杂质的影响而导致卡滞, 使换向阀抗污染能力较差。
另外, 阀体 4'的阀孔和阀芯 3'在使用时存在磨损, 导致阀孔与阀芯的配合间隙过 大, 整个液压阀难以修复, 使换向阀的重复使用性不好。 有鉴于此, 提供一种能克服上述现有技术所存在缺陷的液压阀成为本技术领域所 亟待解决的问题。 发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供一种液压阀, 能解决液压阀中的阀芯与阀体的配合面长、 精度难以保证, 加工、 装配不方便的问题。 本发明的另一目的在于提供一种部件可修复、 更换, 互换性好、 使用寿命长的液 压阀。 本发明的又一目的在于提供一种阀芯不易发卡, 抗污染能力强的液压阀。 本发明的又一目的在于提供一种液压阀组, 该液压阀组中的阀芯不易发卡, 抗污 染能力强, 且装配、 维修方便。 本发明的又一目的在于提供一种能克服上述现有技术缺陷的液压控制系统。 为实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种液压阀, 包括阀体、 阀芯 与阀套, 阀芯设置于阀体的腔体内, 阀套套设于阀芯上, 所述阀套为分体式阀套, 至 少包括第一阀套与第二阀套,所述阀芯为分体式阀芯, 至少包括第一阀芯与第二阀芯。 进一步地, 所述阀套为阶梯式阀套, 所述阀体的腔体也设置为阶梯式, 与所述阀 套的阶梯式结构相匹配。 进一步地, 所述阀套上设置有与所述阀体上的压力油口相对应的通油口, 所述阀 套与阀体之间通过密封圈密封。 进一步地, 该液压阀还包括: 第一跟随弹簧, 直接与所述第一阀芯的端部相抵接; 以及 第二跟随弹簧, 直接与所述第二阀芯的端部相抵接, 所述第一跟随弹簧与第二跟随弹簧用于保持所述第一阀芯与第二阀芯处于相抵靠 状态, 其中第一阀芯与第二阀芯相互抵靠的部分处通过泄油口 R泄出阀芯分体处腔体 中的液压油。
进一步地, 该液压阀还包括第三阀芯, 所述第三阀芯设于所述第一阀芯与第二阀 芯之间。 进一步地, 该液压阀还包括第三阀套, 所述第三阀套与所述第三阀芯相匹配。 进一步地, 所述液压阀为电磁驱动式液压阀, 所述第一阀芯的端部与第二阀芯的 端部分别设有第一电磁铁与第二电磁铁, 用于操纵所述阀芯的动作。 进一步地, 所述液压阀为流量阀, 所述电磁铁为比例电磁铁, 用于对通过比例电 磁铁的电流控制来控制通过流量阀阀口的流量。 进一步地, 所述第一阀芯的轴线与第二阀芯的轴线不同轴。 进一步地, 所述第一阀芯与第二阀芯的外径不相同。 根据本发明的另一个方面, 提供了一种上面所述的液压阀的控制方法, 所述阀体 上的泄油口 R同时作为控制油口 K, 当阀芯在中位、 左位及右位时, 第一阀芯与第二 阀芯之间的泄漏油通过所述 Κ口泄出,当所述 Κ口引入压力油时,第一阀芯向左运动, 而第二阀芯向右运动, 此时阀体上的 Ρ口与 Α口相通, 同时 P口与 B口相通, 实现四 位功能。 根据本发明的又一个方面, 提供了一种液压阀组, 包括有阀芯、 阀套与阀块, 阀 套套设于阀芯上, 所述阀芯为分体式阀芯, 包括第一阀芯与第二阀芯, 所述阀套为分 体式阀套, 包括第一阀套与第二阀套, 所述阀芯、 阀套集成到阀块中。 根据本发明的又一个方面, 提供了一种液压控制系统, 所述液压控制系统包括前 面所述的液压阀或液压阀组。 根据本发明的液压阀, 具有以下的优点:
1、 由于在阀芯和阀体之间采用了分体式阀套, 阀芯不再直接与阀体配合, 而改为 与阀套配合, 将加工高精度要求从阀体转移到了阀套, 而阀套可单独加工, 加工极为 方便, 精度容易保证, 大大降低了阀体的加工精度要求。
2、 阀套及阀芯采用分体式结构, 大大缩短了阀芯与阀套、 阀体的配合长度, 阀体 内孔可从两侧分别加工, 大大降低了加工难度。 阀体两侧内孔之间的同轴度要求大为 降低, 第一阀套和第二阀套之间无需作同轴度要求, 且第一阀芯和第二阀芯不要求外 径一致, 甚至允许偏心, 因此两阀芯可分开加工, 加工时只需将第一阀芯和第一阀套 成套加工, 第二阀芯和第二阀套成套加工, 加工极为方便。 从而容易保证阀芯和阀套
之间合适而均匀的间隙, 降低了卡滞隐患, 抗污染能力强, 且由于阀芯分体, 可利用 阀芯的动作方式, 通过一个阀芯消除另一个阀芯的卡滞, 使液压阀的工作效率与工作 稳定性大为提高。
3、分体式阀芯在换向过程中均匀磨损, 可提高阀芯寿命, 进而提高液压阀的使用 寿命。 由于分体式阀套的设置, 在其中一个阀芯过度磨损后可单独更换或者通过更换 阀套来修复和补偿阀芯的磨损, 部件互换性与重复使用性好, 降低了使用成本。
4、 现有技术液压阀阀体只能用铸件加工成型, 本发明中, 由于阀芯、 阀套采用分 体式结构, 加工方便, 阀体可通过锻件实现。
5、 采用分体式阀芯、 阀套可使阀芯整体长度增加, 可布置更多的油口, 无需特殊 设计即可获得特殊的中位机能。通过将泄油口作控制口使用,可以实现四位换向功能。 除了上面所描述的目的、 特征、 和优点之外, 本发明具有的其它目的、 特征、 和 优点, 将结合附图作进一步详细的说明。 附图说明 构成本说明书的一部分、 用于进一步理解本发明的附图示出了本发明的优选实施 例, 并与说明书一起用来说明本发明的原理。 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解 释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1为现有技术的液压阀结构示意图; 图 la为现有技术的液压阀工作时处于左位的示意图; 图 lb为现有技术的液压阀工作时处于右位的示意图; 图 2为根据本发明的第一实施例的液压阀的结构示意图; 图 2a为根据本发明的第一实施例的液压阀工作时处于左位时的示意图; 图 2b为根据本发明的第一实施例的液压阀工作时处于右位时的示意图; 图 3为根据本发明的第二实施例的液压阀结构示意图; 图 4为根据本发明的第三实施例的液压阀结构示意图; 图 5为根据本发明的第四实施例的液压阀结构示意图;
图 5a为根据本发明的第四实施例一种变型的液压阀结构示意图; 图 6为根据本发明的第五实施例的液压阀结构示意图; 图 6a为根据本发明的液压阀为流量阀时的结构示意图; 图 6b为根据本发明的液压阀采用手动驱动式时的结构示意图; 图 7为根据本发明的第六实施例的液压阀结构示意图; 图 8为根据本发明的第七实施例的液压阀结构示意图; 图 9示出了根据本发明的液压阀中分体式阀芯、 阀套长度不相同时的结构; 图 10 为根据本发明的液压阀增加了一个控制油口实现四位功能控制方法的示意 图; 图 10a为图 10所示的液压阀控制方法中, 两个分体式阀芯分开时的示意图; 以及 图 11示出了根据本发明的将阀芯、 阀套集成到阀块中构成液压阀组的结构。 具体实施方式 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相 互组合。 下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 图 2、 图 2a、 图 2b分别为根据本发明的第一实施例的液压阀的结构示意图、 液压 阀处于左位时及右位时的示意图。 如图 2所示, 在本发明的第一实施例中, 液压阀包括阀体 10、 阀芯与阀套, 阀套 套设于阀芯上, 阀芯与阀套设置于阀体 10的腔体内, 在本发明的液压阀中, 阀芯为分 体式阀芯, 包括第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32, 两阀芯均设置于阀体 10的腔体内, 相互 抵靠, 阀套为分体式阀套, 包括第一阀套 21与第二阀套 22, 分别套设于第一阀芯 31 与第二阀芯 32上。 在本发明的液压阀中, 还包括有复位机构, 该复位机构设置于阀芯的端部, 用于 驱动阀芯复位。 如图 2所示, 复位机构包括第一弹性件 51与第二弹性件 52, 第一弹 性件 51设于第一阀芯 31的端部处, 用于顶压该第一阀芯 31的端部, 第二弹性件 52 设于第二阀芯 32的端部处, 用于顶压该第二阀芯 32的端部。
可以理解,上述的弹性件可以是弹簧或其他能实现让阀芯 30复位功能的部件或机 构。 如图 2所示,本发明的液压阀还设有端盖组件,包括第一端盖组件 71与第二端盖 组件 72, 分别设置于阀体 10的两端处, 同时用于容纳并定位第一弹性件 51与第二弹 性件 52。 第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32的具体形式可以根据所需要的中位机能来具体设计, 两个阀芯 31、 32通过第一弹性件 51和第二弹性件 52的合力保持在中位。 可以理解, 当与设置阀套相对应的阀体 10上具有油口时,在阀套上也设置有与阀 体 10上的油口相对应的通油口。 如图 2所示, 在阀套与阀体 10之间设置密封圈 40, 用于起密封作用。 优选地, 该密封圈 40采用 0型密封圈。 如图 2a所示, 在需要实现液压阀左位功能时, 通过 X口往第一弹性件 51腔体引 入压力油, 推动第一阀芯 31向右动作, 第一阀芯 31通过其端面接触面将换向力传递 给第二阀芯 32, 推动第二阀芯 32向右动作, 两个阀芯可同时到达阀体 10的右侧, 实 现 P口与 A口、 B口与 T口的连通。 同理, 如图 2b所示, 通过 Y口往第二弹性件 52腔体引入压力油, 可推动第二阀 芯 32和第一阀芯 31同时到达阀体 10左侧, 实现 P口与 B口, A口与 T口的连通。 在本发明的液压阀中, 由于采用了分体式阀套, 阀体与阀套之间通过密封圈实现 密封, 降低了阀体 10内孔的加工精度, 同时将传统液压阀中阀体与阀芯的配合转移到 了阀套内孔与阀芯之间, 阀套可以单独加工, 加工极为方便, 精度容易保证。 由于阀套为分体式, 使阀体 10内孔可以从两侧分别加工, 两侧的加工长度减小, 很容易实现, 且阀体 10两侧的内孔之间的同轴度要求大为降低, 第一阀套 21与第二 阀套 22之间不需要作同轴度要求。另一方面, 由于本发明中阀芯从传统的整体式变成 分体式后, 第一阀芯 31 与第二阀芯 32之间的位置度要求不高, 只需要第一阀芯 31 与第一阀套 21成套加工, 第二阀芯 32与第二阀套 22成套加工, 第一阀芯 31与第二 阀芯 32可分开加工, 加工方便。 并且第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32外径不要求一致, 即 使偏心也可实现其功能。 也即, 在本发明采用了分体式阀套及阀芯结构后, 阀芯动作 方式仍然能够实现与传统液压阀一致, 能够实现传统的液压阀作为换向阀时所能实现 的中位机能。
液压阀采用分体式阀套及阀芯后, 第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32分别加工, 加工精 度和装配精度均容易保证, 且装配方便, 阀芯配合长度变短, 降低了卡滞隐患, 且可 利用阀芯的动作方式, 用一个阀芯消除另一个阀芯的卡滞。 两个阀芯在换向过程中均 匀磨损, 可提高阀芯寿命, 进而提高液压阀寿命。 其中一个阀芯过度磨损后可单独更 换或者通过更换阀套来修复和补偿阀芯的磨损, 互换性好, 重复使用性好, 降低了使 用成本。 本发明的上述图 2的实施例提供了一种三位四通液压阀, 阀体与阀套上设有相对 应的压力油口 (P)、 回油口 (T)、 第一工作油口 (Α)、 第二工作油口 (Β)、 及泄油口 (R), 该泄油口 (R) 设置的位置相对于第一阀芯 (31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32) 之间。 采用分体式阀套及阀芯可使阀芯整体长度增加, 可布置更多的油口, 无需特殊设 计即可获得特殊的中位机能。通过将泄油口作控制口使用,可以实现四位换向功能(后 面将详细说明)。 图 3为根据本发明的第二实施例的液压阀的结构示意图, 如图所示, 在该实施例 中, 同样在分体式的第一阀芯 31及第二阀芯 32之间设置了第一阀套 21与第二阀套 22。所不同之处在于, 第一阀套 21与第二阀套 22设计为阶梯式, 阀体 10的腔体也设 置为阶梯式, 与第一阀套 21及第二阀套 22的阶梯式结构相匹配。 采用上述的阶梯式阀套结构, 为第一阀套 21及第二阀套 22的安装提供了极大的 便利, 同时方便通过 0型密封圈 40的密封方式从相对的方向装配至阀体 10中, 且可 以避免划破 0型密封圈 40。 在本发明的第二实施例中, 通过 0型密封圈 40的方式来密封, 方便从相反的方 向将第一阀套 21与第二阀套 22从阀体 10中取出和重复装配。 在本发明的液压阀中, 第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32的接触面与泄油口 R相通, 可 将第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32之间的泄漏油流回油箱,防止因第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32之间产生油压而分离, 导致无法同步换向的情况。 为进一步确保第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32的同步换向动作, 还提供了本发明的第 三实施例。 如图 4所示, 示出了根据本发明的第三实施例的液压阀结构。 在该实施例 中, 第一弹性件 51设于第一端盖组件 71 内并通过一第一套筒件 61顶靠第一阀芯 31 的端部,第二弹性件 52设于第二端盖组件 72内并通过一第二套筒件 62顶靠第二阀芯 32的端部。 此外, 还具有第一跟随弹簧 81, 设置于第一套筒件 61内, 第一跟随弹簧 81的一端直接与第一阀芯 31的端部相抵接; 第二跟随弹簧 82, 设置于第二套筒件 62
内, 该第二跟随弹簧 82 的一端直接与第二阀芯 32 的端部相抵接。 第一跟随弹簧 81 与第二跟随弹簧 82用于保持第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32处于相抵靠状态。 在阀芯运动的整个行程中, 第一跟随弹簧 81和第二跟随弹簧 82会一直分别跟随 第一阀芯 31和第二阀芯 32的贴合面, 也即始终保持与阀芯的接触状态。 阀芯的中位 仍然靠第一弹性件 51和第二弹性件 52的合力来保持。 当第一阀芯 31和第二阀芯 32 均处于阀体 10左侧位置时, 第二阀芯 32已经与第二弹性件 52分离。 控制油从 Y口 泄压后,第一弹性件 51将推动第一阀芯 31和第二阀芯 32向中位运动, 由于阀芯动作 时的瞬态液动力会使第二阀芯 32与第一阀芯 31分离, 影响液压阀的换向稳定性, 而 增加的第一跟随弹簧 81会一直贴合在第一阀芯 31的左端面,对第一阀芯 31产生顶压 力, 进而保持第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32的贴合。 同样地, 当第一阀芯 31和第二阀芯 32均处于阀体 10右侧位置时, 第一阀芯 31 已经与第一弹性件 51分离,控制油从 X口泄压后,第二弹性件 52将推动第二阀芯 32 和第一阀芯 31向中位运动, 由于阀芯动作时的瞬态液动力会使第一阀芯 31与第二阀 芯 32分离, 影响液压阀的换向稳定性, 而增加的第二跟随弹簧 82会一直贴合在第二 阀芯 32的右端面, 对第二阀芯 32产生顶压力, 进而保持第二阀芯 32与第一阀芯 31 的贴合。 如图 4及其他图中所示, 第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32相互抵靠的部分处通过泄油 口 R泄出阀芯分体处腔体中的液压油, 以保持第一阀芯 31的端面与第二阀芯 32的端 面处于相抵靠状态。 图 5示出了根据本发明的第四实施例的液压阀结构。 如图 5所示, 在本发明的第 四实施例中,还可以包括第三阀芯 33, 该第三阀芯 33设于第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32 之间。 图 5a示出了根据本发明第四实施例的液压阀的一种变型的结构。该液压阀还包括 第三阀套 23, 第三阀套 23与第三阀芯 33相匹配。 另一方面, 本发明图 5a的实施例提供了一种三位六通液压阀, 阀体与阀套上设有 相对应的压力油口 (P)、 回油口 (T)、 第一工作油口 (Α)、 第二工作油口 (Β)、 第三 工作油口 (C)、 第四工作油口 (D) 及泄油口 (R), 该泄油口 (R) 设置的位置相对 于第一阀芯 (31 ) 与第三阀芯 (33 ) 以及第二阀芯 (32) 与第三阀芯 (33 ) 之间。
图 6为根据本发明的第五实施例的液压阀结构示意图。 与前面各实施例所不同的 是, 在该第五实施例中, 液压阀为电磁驱动式液压阀, 第一阀芯 31的端部与第二阀芯 32的端部分别设有第一电磁铁 91与第二电磁铁 92, 用于操纵阀芯的动作。 如图 6a所示, 本发明的液压阀还可以作为流量阀使用, 此时两侧电磁铁采用比例 电磁铁 93、 94, 当液压阀的阀芯用比例电磁铁驱动时, 比例电磁铁的电磁力大小通过 比例电磁铁的电流调节, 通过对通过比例电磁铁 93、 94的电流控制, 获得适当的电磁 力, 而电磁力的大小决定阀芯的位移量, 从而获得阀芯 31、 32位移的精确控制, 而阀 芯的位移决定阀芯与阀体的腔体之间构成的阀口的开度, 进而可以控制通过油口的流 量, 起到流量控制阀的作用。 如图 6b所示, 本发明的液压阀还可以是手动驱动式液压阀, 图中 95、 96为手动 驱动柄。 如图 7所示, 为根据本发明的第六实施例的液压阀的结构。 在该实施例中, 第一 阀芯 31的轴线与第二阀芯 32的轴线不同轴,图中示出两轴线偏离距离为 L1。优选地, 在第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32上分别设置有台阶面 311与台阶面 321, 第一阀芯 31的 台阶面 311的外径小于第二阀芯 32的外径, 第二阀芯 32的台阶面 321的外径小于第 一阀芯 31 的外径, 使各台阶面与对应的阀芯孔之间不会产生干涉。 因而在第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32的轴线相偏离的状态下, 仍能实现阀芯的正常动作。 图 8为根据本发明的第七实施例的液压阀结构示意图。 如图 8所示, 在本发明第 七实施例的液压阀中, 第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32的外径可以不相同。 图 8中示出的 第一阀芯 31的外径为 L2, 而第二阀芯 32的外径为 L3。 不难理解, 由于本发明所采 用的分体式阀芯结构, 使得在这种两阀芯外径不同的情况下, 依然能实现液压阀的正 常工作。 可以理解,虽然前面所述中没有对本发明液压阀中分体式的第一阀芯 31与第二阀 芯 32的长度以及第一阀套 21与第二阀套 22的长度进行限定, 但显然该第一阀芯 31 与第二阀芯 32的长度可以相同, 也可以不相同,第一阀套 21与第二阀套 22的长度可 以相同, 也可以不相同。 图 9示出两个分体式阀芯、 阀套长度不相同时的一种结构。 图 10与图 10a示出了根据本发明的液压阀的一种控制方法,也即增加了一个控制 油口实现四位功能控制方法。 如图所示, 原作为泄油口 R的油口可作为控制油 Π Κ。 当 、 X、 Υ油口均未引入压力油时, 第一阀芯 31和第二阀芯 32在第一弹性件 51和第二弹性件 52作用下保持中位的 0型机能, Ρ、 Τ、 Α、 Β油口互不相通。
当 X口引入压力油时, 第一阀芯 31 向右运动, 第一阀芯 31通过与第二阀芯 32 的贴合面将力传递给第二阀芯 32, 第二阀芯 32随第一阀芯 31—起向右运动, 压缩第 二弹性件 52并实现左位功能, 此时 P口与 B口相通, A口与 T口相通。 压力油泄压 后, 阀芯在第二弹性件 52力作用下回到中位。 当 Y口引入压力油时, 第二阀芯 32向左运动, 第二阀芯 32通过与第一阀芯 31 的贴合面将力传递给第一阀芯 31, 第一阀芯 3 1随第二阀芯 32—起向左运动, 压缩第 一弹性件 51并实现右位功能, 此时 P口与 A口相通, B口与 T口相通。 压力油泄压 后, 阀芯在第一弹性件 51力作用下回到中位。 当阀芯在中位、 左位及右位时, 第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32之间的泄漏油通过 K 口泄出。 如图 10a所示, 当 K口引入压力油时, 第一阀芯 31克服第一弹性件 51力向 左运动, 而第二阀芯 32克服第二弹性件 52力向右运动, 此时 P口与 A口相通, 同时 P口与 B口相通, 实现 P型机能。 所以该液压阀采用了一种新型换向原理后, 能够在 普通压力油控制方式下实现四位功能。 本发明的分体式阀套、 阀芯结构还可以运用到其他形式的液压阀或液压控制系统 中。 如图 11所示给出了这样的一种液压阀组, 包括有阀芯、 阀套与阀块 11, 阀套套 设于阀芯上, 阀芯为分体式阀芯, 包括第一阀芯 31与第二阀芯 32, 阀套为分体式阀 套, 包括第一阀套 21与第二阀套 22, 其中分体式的阀芯 31、 32与阀套 21、 22集成 到阀块 11中。 由于采用了分体式阀芯、 阀套结构, 可方便地将阀芯、 阀套集成在阀块内来实现 液压阀的功能, 该液压阀组区别于传统独立结构的液压阀, 由于阀芯通过阀套直接插 入阀块的内孔中, 能够减少传统液压阀与阀块间的连接, 即减少泄露环节, 控制和实 现都非常方便, 且可通过阀块的设计来实现整个液压系统的合理布局。 另外, 将阀芯 集成到阀块可减小整个阀块组件的质量和体积, 材料成本大为降低。 可以理解, 本发明中的分体式阀芯、 阀套结构可以运用于带有控制管路的各种液 压控制系统中。 也即根据本发明可提供一种液压控制系统, 所述液压控制系统包括前 面所述的液压阀或液压阀组。 本发明的液压阀、 液压阀组可广泛地运用于各类工程机械中, 包括混凝土机械、 筑路机械、 挖掘机械、 起重机械、 港口机械及桩工机械等。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技 术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1. 一种液压阀, 包括阀体、 阀芯与阀套, 所述阀芯设置于所述阀体的腔体内, 所 述阀套套设于所述阀芯上, 其特征在于, 所述阀套为分体式阀套, 至少包括第 一阀套(21 )与第二阀套(22),所述阀芯为分体式阀芯,至少包括第一阀芯(31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32)。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述阀套为阶梯式阀套, 所述阀 体的腔体也设置为阶梯式, 与所述阀套的阶梯式结构相匹配。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述阀套上设置有与所述阀体上 的压力油口相对应的通油口, 所述阀套与阀体之间通过密封圈 (40) 密封。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 还包括:
第一跟随弹簧 (81 ), 直接与所述第一阀芯 (31 ) 的端部相抵接; 以及 第二跟随弹簧 (82), 直接与所述第二阀芯 (32) 的端部相抵接, 所述第一跟随弹簧(81 )与第二跟随弹簧(82)用于保持所述第一阀芯(31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32) 处于相抵靠状态, 其中第一阀芯 (31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32) 相 互抵靠的部分处通过泄油口 R泄出阀芯分体处腔体中的液压油。
5. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的液压阀,其特征在于,还包括第三阀芯 ( 33 ), 所述第三阀芯 (33 ) 设于所述第一阀芯 (31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32) 之间。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 还包括第三阀套(23 ), 所述第三 阀套 (23 ) 与所述第三阀芯 (33 ) 相匹配。
7. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述液压阀为电磁 驱动式液压阀, 所述第一阀芯 (31 ) 的端部与第二阀芯 (32) 的端部分别设有 第一电磁铁 (91 ) 与第二电磁铁 (92), 用于操纵所述阀芯的动作。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述液压阀为流量阀, 所述电磁 铁为比例电磁铁, 用于对通过比例电磁铁的电流控制来控制通过流量阀阀口的 流量。
9. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述第一阀芯(31 ) 的轴线与第二阀芯 (32) 的轴线不同轴。
10. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述第一阀芯(31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32) 的外径不相同。
11. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述液压阀为三位 四通液压阀, 所述阀体与阀套上设有相对应的压力油口 P、 回油口 τ、 第一工 作油口 Α、 第二工作油口 Β、 及泄油口 R, 所述泄油口 R设置的位置相对于所 述第一阀芯 (31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32) 之间。
12. 根据权利要求 6所述的液压阀, 其特征在于, 所述液压阀为三位六通液压阀, 所述阀体与阀套上设有相对应的压力油口 P、 回油口 T、 第一工作油口 Α、 第 二工作油口 Β、第三工作油口 C、第四工作油口 D、及泄油口 R, 所述泄油口 R 设置的位置相对于所述第一阀芯 (31 ) 与第三阀芯 (33 ) 之间以及所述第二阀 芯 (32) 与第三阀芯 (33 ) 之间。
13. 一种根据权利要求 1至 11中任一项所述的液压阀的控制方法,其特征在于,所 述阀体上的泄油口 R同时作为控制油口 K, 当阀芯在中位、 左位及右位时, 第 一阀芯(31 )与第二阀芯(32)之间的泄漏油通过所述 Κ口泄出, 当所述 Κ口 引入压力油时, 第一阀芯 (31 ) 向左运动, 而第二阀芯 (32) 向右运动, 此时 阀体 (10) 上的 Ρ口与 Α口相通, 同时 P口与 B口相通, 实现四位功能。
14. 一种液压阀组, 包括有阀芯、 阀套与阀块 (11 ), 所述阀套套设于所述阀芯上, 其特征在于, 所述阀芯为分体式阀芯, 包括第一阀芯 (31 ) 与第二阀芯 (32), 所述阀套为分体式阀套, 包括第一阀套(21 )与第二阀套(22), 所述阀芯、 阀 套集成到阀块 (11 ) 中。
15. 一种液压控制系统, 其特征在于, 所述液压控制系统包括根据权利要求 1至 12 中任一项所述的液压阀或权利要求 14所述的液压阀组。
16. 一种工程机械,其特征在于,所述工程机械上设置有根据权利要求 1至 12中任 一项所述的液压阀或根据权利要求 14所述的液压阀组。
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| CN201010240847.9 | 2010-07-30 | ||
| CN2010102408479A CN101893011A (zh) | 2010-07-30 | 2010-07-30 | 液压阀、液压阀组及其控制方法 |
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| PCT/CN2011/077822 Ceased WO2012013160A1 (zh) | 2010-07-30 | 2011-07-29 | 液压换向阀、液压换向阀组及液压换向阀控制方法 |
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| CN120506407A (zh) * | 2025-06-30 | 2025-08-19 | 华中科技大学 | 一种管路破损自动关断阀及液压系统 |
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| CN102297171A (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
| CN102297172B (zh) | 2012-06-06 |
| CN102297171B (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
| WO2012013160A1 (zh) | 2012-02-02 |
| CN102297172A (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
| CN101893011A (zh) | 2010-11-24 |
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