WO2012013116A1 - 含氨基酸稳定剂的替莫唑胺药物组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
含氨基酸稳定剂的替莫唑胺药物组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012013116A1 WO2012013116A1 PCT/CN2011/077093 CN2011077093W WO2012013116A1 WO 2012013116 A1 WO2012013116 A1 WO 2012013116A1 CN 2011077093 W CN2011077093 W CN 2011077093W WO 2012013116 A1 WO2012013116 A1 WO 2012013116A1
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- temozolomide
- pharmaceutical composition
- cysteine
- amino acid
- pharmaceutically acceptable
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/19—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/20—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
Definitions
- Temozolomide pharmaceutical composition containing amino acid stabilizer and preparation method thereof
- the present invention relates to a stable temozolomide pharmaceutical composition
- a stable temozolomide pharmaceutical composition comprising an antitumor drug temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, at least one amino acid stabilizer.
- the domestic temozolomide market preparation is a hard capsule.
- the oral preparation is convenient to use, and can be completely absorbed after oral administration.
- the bioavailability is as high as 98%.
- the main side effects are nausea, vomiting, fatigue, constipation and mild myelosuppression, among which severe nausea, Side effects such as vomiting are common. This often causes fluctuations in drug absorption, which affects bioavailability.
- Some patients have nausea and vomiting reactions that are too severe to be administered orally, and many patients in the clinic have difficulty swallowing and cannot be administered orally.
- temozolomide preparations that can be administered intravenously.
- temozolomide is stable at pH ⁇ 7, and easily decomposes at pH>7.
- Temozolomide is a prodrug and is easily degraded into an active product in aqueous solution. Preparation of a conventional intravenous solution does not guarantee long-term stability.
- a temozolomide formulation administered in a micronized suspension is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,251,886, however, suspension formulations are not preferred and can cause vascular occlusion.
- suspension formulations are not preferred and can cause vascular occlusion.
- temozolomide in aqueous solution it is prepared by freeze-drying and solidification to prepare a sterile lyophilized powder. It is reconstituted with an aqueous diluent for injection before use to obtain a temozolomide injection which can be administered parenterally. , will be a good strategy.
- 6,987,108 discloses a lyophilized powder injection of temozolomide for intravenous administration of temozolomide.
- the lyophilized powder of the above temozolomide can change from white to pale pink under long-term and accelerated conditions, which indicates that there may be some problems in its quality or stability.
- the change in the color of the lyophilized powder tends to make the patient suspect the quality of the drug and reduce the patient's compliance and acceptance. Therefore, it is necessary to study and develop a technique and a preparation thereof which can ensure the parenteral administration of temozolomide, which is stable and suitable for long-term preservation. Summary of the invention
- a primary object of the present invention is to provide a stable temozolomide pharmaceutical composition, and a process for its preparation.
- the inventors discovered through research that some amino acids have an effect of increasing the stability of temozolomide.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
- temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one amino acid stabilizer, wherein the amino acid stabilizer is selected from one or more L-alanines An L-glycine, a cysteine analog or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the cysteine analog is an amino acid having a cysteine main structure.
- the pharmaceutical composition further comprises at least one aqueous diluent.
- cysteine is as follows:
- cysteine analog can be structurally modified on the structure of cysteine, and the modification sites are a thiol group, a carboxyl group and an amino group. That is, cysteine analogs have the following cysteine main structure:
- Specific cysteine analogs are selected from the group consisting of L-cysteine, L-cysteine hydrochloride, acetylcysteine, S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine, L-cysteine One or more of ethyl acetate and L-cysteine methyl ester, preferably the analog is L-cysteine, L-cysteine hydrochloride or acetylcysteine, more preferably L-cysteine or L-cysteine hydrochloride, wherein L-cysteine hydrochloride includes anhydrate thereof and a hydrate such as L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate.
- the invention can be made by using the pharmaceutical composition of temozolomide and amino acid stabilizer provided by the invention.
- An injectable parenteral pharmaceutical preparation especially a pharmaceutical preparation in the form of a lyophilized powder.
- the amino acid stabilizer based on the present invention has a stabilizing effect on temozolomide, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the addition of the amino acid stabilizer of the present invention will stabilize temozolomide.
- a preferred embodiment is that the weight ratio between temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and an amino acid stabilizer is the following relationship in terms of temozolomide:
- Amino acid stabilizer the weight ratio of temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is greater than
- the amino acid stabilizer: temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a weight ratio greater than 0.8:1;
- the amino acid stabilizer: temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is present in a weight ratio greater than 1.2:1;
- the amino acid stabilizer: temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a weight ratio of more than 1.6:1.
- the pharmaceutical composition may comprise one or more of an excipient, a wetting agent, a pH adjuster or a buffer, preferably the excipient is mannitol; the wetting agent is a polysorbate;
- the pH adjusting agent is hydrochloric acid; the buffering agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium citrate, acetic acid or acetate.
- Temozolomide or its salt in terms of temozolomide 2.5 parts
- Temozolomide or its salt in terms of temozolomide 2.5 parts
- the present invention also provides a process for preparing a pharmaceutical composition.
- the method of preparation comprises the step of uniformly mixing temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with at least one amino acid stabilizer. 1) dissolving at least one amino acid stabilizer in an aqueous diluent to form a solution, preferably the solution temperature is controlled at 0-60 ° C;
- Temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is added to the above solution to dissolve.
- the above preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
- the pH is from 2.0 to 6.0, more preferably from 2.5 to 4.5, most preferably from 3.5 to 4.0;
- the aqueous diluent used in the above preparation method is selected from the group consisting of water, physiological saline, 5% dextrose solution or a mixture thereof.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be further prepared into a lyophilized powder preparation, and a mixed solution of temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a stabilizer is freeze-dried.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition capable of ensuring the stability of temozolomide by the addition of an amino acid stabilizer.
- the amino acid stabilizer represented by cysteine monohydrate hydrochloride enhances the stability of temozolomide, which is not only guaranteed to ensure temozolomide The content and related substances were stable, and the color of the temozolomide composition which showed cysteine hydrochloride as a stabilizer under long-term and accelerated conditions did not change.
- the prepared temozolomide lyophilized powder injection maintains the appearance of white to off-white lyophilized powder, and the color of lyophilized powder becomes pale pink, and the change of color of temozolomide is an insurmountable difficulty in the use of medicines.
- the change in the color appearance of the drug will greatly reduce the credibility and compliance of the doctor and the patient.
- cysteine has similar structural properties. : L-cysteine, L-cysteine hydrochloride anhydrate, L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, acetylcysteine, S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine Amino acid, L-cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride, L-cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride, and amino acids having the same main structure and small difference in substituent groups can achieve a similar effect of stabilizing temozolomide.
- the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of L-cysteine, L-cysteine hydrochloride anhydrate, L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, and acetyl half. Cystine or a mixture thereof. L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate is preferred.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention wherein the content of the stabilizer is theoretically higher as possible, but for the preparation of the composition, various properties such as lyophilization process and molding are also considered, and various factors for the preparation of the composite composition are
- the total weight stabilizer is present in an amount ranging from 2% by weight to 60% by weight. Preferably, it is 5 wt% to 30 wt%; the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, wherein the temozolomide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is contained in an amount of 2 wt% to 60 wt% based on the total weight of the composition. It is preferably 5 wt% to 20 wt%.
- aqueous diluent is added, and the aqueous diluent is selected from the group consisting of water for injection, physiological saline, 5% dextrose solution or a mixture thereof.
- Excipients which can be used in the present invention are selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, glucose, lactose, mannitol, trehalose, xylitol, sucrose, sorbitol, dextrose, albumin, hydroxyethyl starch, cyclodextrin, glycine Or a mixture thereof, preferably mannitol;
- the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of polysorbate, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, bile salt, lecithin, polyethylene glycol or a mixture thereof, preferably selected From polysorbate-20, polysorbate-40, polysorbate-60, polysorbate-80 or mixtures thereof, most preferably polysorbate-80; buffer selected from tannic acid Salt, lactate, acetate, tartrate, succinate, phosphate or mixtures thereof, preferably selected from the group consisting of citrates, acetates, phosphates or mixtures thereof, most preferably
- buffers For excipients, buffers, conventional pH adjusting agents, buffers, those skilled in the art will be able to make selections and adjustments based on the lyophilized formulation preparation requirements.
- the excipient is preferably mannitol; the wetting agent is preferably polysorbate-80; and the conventional pH adjuster is preferably hydrochloric acid.
- the buffering agent is preferably sodium citrate, acetic acid and acetate.
- percent by weight (wt%) used in the present invention is calculated on the basis of the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
- the invention improves the temozolomide because of poor water solubility by the addition of a wetting agent, and is difficult to be
- the characteristics of water wetting and dissolution increase the dissolution rate of temozolomide, reduce the preparation time of the whole solution, reduce the time of temozolomide degradation in the solution, and thus reduce the degradation of temozolomide.
- the final formability of the temozolomide freeze-dried powder injection is ensured by the addition of the excipient, and the protective support of the excipient is ensured, and the temozolomide freeze-dried powder injection is reconstituted into a suitable patient.
- the time of preparation is greatly reduced.
- the excipient is used in a pharmaceutical composition, its wt% may be from 20 wt% to 80 wt% based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
- a buffering agent and a conventional pH adjusting agent in the present invention ensures that temozolomide reduces its degradation rate in a relatively low pH environment and a certain buffer system in a solution state.
- its wt% may be from 5 wt% to 60 wt% based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
- its wt% may be from 0.1 wt% to 20 wt% based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
- the invention can reduce the degradation rate of temozolomide in the dissolution process and the solution state, thereby ensuring that temozolomide can be kept stable in a solution state for a long time, thereby facilitating the whole process of preparation, filling, freeze-drying, etc., and is easy to realize. Industrial production.
- the temperature should be appropriately controlled during the preparation of the chemical solution to reduce the degradation of temozolomide.
- compositions of the invention are typically prepared by the following steps:
- the prescribed amount of temozolomide is weighed, dissolved in the above solution, dissolved, and the pH of the solution is measured. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 3.5-4.5 as needed.
- Example 6 Weigh 3.00 g polysorbate-80, 4.00 g L-alanine, 10.00 g mannitol, 5.67 g acetic acid, 5.03 g sodium acetate, add 900 mL water for injection, stir and dissolve in a water bath at 40 °C, add 2.50 g Temozolomide, dissolved by stirring, added with water to 1000 mL, filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ microporous membrane, dispensed, and lyophilized to obtain temozolomide lyophilized powder. Comparative Example 1 (conventional freeze-drying prescription)
- a solution of temozolomide was prepared according to Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 (U.S. Patent No. 6,987,108, Example 2), and the prepared solution was freeze-dried to prepare a temozolomide freeze-dried powder injection.
- the solution stability of the solutions of Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 before lyophilization and the stability of the solution after reconstitution after lyophilization were respectively determined by reverse high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results are shown in Table 1.
- the corresponding temozolomide solution was prepared according to the prescriptions of Examples 1, 2, 4 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, and lyophilized powder was prepared by freeze-drying. The prepared lyophilized powder was taken at 40 ° C for examination. The appearance and related substances of the samples after 5 days of storage were examined, and the relevant substances were determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 4 White Loose Mass 0.18 Comparative Example 1 Light Pink Loose Mass 1.09 Comparative Example 2 White Loose Mass 0.11 Comparative Example 3 White Loose Mass 0.23 Example 1 White Loose Mass 0.10 Example 2 White Loose block 0.09 Example 4 White loose block 0.18
- Comparative Example 1 Light pink loose mass 1.32 Comparative Example 2 Light pink loose mass 0.11 Comparative Example 3 Light pink loose mass 0.25
- the freeze-dried powder obtained by the present invention has better stability.
- the lyophilized powder samples of Examples 1, 2, and 4 were surprisingly found to have no change in appearance and more excellent stability; while the lyophilized powders of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 all showed significant color. Changes in appearance, changes in the color of the lyophilized powder indicate that the sample may have undergone significant changes, and changes in the appearance of the sample may reduce the compliance of the patient's medication, or even this indicates a poor stability of the sample.
- the amino acid having a cysteine main structure has an effect of improving the stability of temozolomide, and L-cysteine or a salt thereof has the best effect. Stability comparison experiment three
- Example 2 The lyophilized powder prepared according to Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 (U.S. Patent No. 6,987,108, Example 2) was subjected to changes in related substances at 2-8 ° C, 25 ° C and 40 ° C, respectively. For stability investigation, the results are shown in Table 3, 4. Stability
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Description
含氨基酸稳定剂的替莫唑胺药物组合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种稳定的替莫唑胺药物组合物, 其由包含抗肿瘤药 替莫唑胺或其可药用盐、 至少一种氨基酸稳定剂。 背景技术
替莫唑胺(temozolomide)化学名: 3,4-二氢 -3-甲基 -4-氧代咪唑并 [5,l-d]-l,2,3,5-四嗪 -8-酰胺,为咪唑并四嗪类具有抗肿瘤活性的垸化剂, 由先灵葆雅公司开发。替莫唑胺适用于新诊断的多形性胶质母细胞瘤, 开始先与放疗联合治疗, 随后作为辅助治疗; 替莫唑胺还适用于常规 治疗后复发或进展的多形性胶质母细胞瘤或间变性星形细胞瘤。 1998 年替莫唑胺胶囊在欧盟首先上市, 随后 1999年经美国 FDA批准在美国 上市。 替莫唑胺是目前治疗恶性脑瘤的一线药物, 被美国与欧洲医学 界评定为治疗恶性脑瘤的 "金标准" 。
目前国内替莫唑胺上市制剂为硬胶囊, 口服制剂使用方便, 口服 后可被完全吸收, 生物利用度高达 98%, 主要的副作用为恶心、 呕吐、 乏力、 便秘和轻度的骨髓抑制, 其中重度恶心、 呕吐等副反应常见。 这常常造成药物吸收的波动, 从而影响生物利用度。 一些患者恶心、 呕吐反应过于严重而难以通过口服给药, 并且在临床上有很多患者吞 咽困难, 不能通过口服给药, 临床急需能够静脉给药的替莫唑胺制剂。 但是替莫唑胺在 pH<7下稳定, pH>7时易分解,替莫唑胺作为前体药物, 在水溶液中易降解为活性产物, 制备成为常规的静脉注射液不能保证 长期稳定性。
为实现替莫唑胺的非胃肠道给药,美国专利 US6251886中公开了一 种以微粒化的悬浮液给药的替莫唑胺制剂, 但是, 悬浮制剂并不理想, 它可以导致血管堵塞。 考虑到替莫唑胺在水溶液中不稳定的特性, 因 此将其通过冷冻干燥固化而制备成为无菌冻干粉临用前将其使用注射 用的水性稀释剂重建得到能够非胃肠道给药的替莫唑胺注射剂, 将是 一个很好的策略。
此外, 美国专利 US6987108公开了一种替莫唑胺的冻干粉针剂,用 于替莫唑胺的静脉注射给药。 上述替莫唑胺的冻干粉在长期和加速条 件下颜色能够由白色变为淡粉色, 这预示着其质量或者稳定性可能存 在一定问题。 而冻干粉颜色的改变, 易使患者怀疑药品的质量, 而降 低病人的依从性和认可度。 因此需要研究开发一种能够保证替莫唑胺 非胃肠道给药, 稳定的并且适合长期保存的技术及其制剂。 发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种稳定的替莫唑胺药物组合物, 以及 其制备方法。 发明人通过研究发现一些氨基酸有提高替莫唑胺稳定性 的作用。
本发明提供一种药物组合物, 其特征在于包含替莫唑胺或其药学 上可接受的盐, 以及至少一种氨基酸稳定剂, 其中所述的氨基酸稳定 剂选自一种或多种 L-丙氨酸、 L-甘氨酸、 半胱氨酸类似物或它们的药 学上可接受的盐, 其中半胱氨酸类似物为具有半胱氨酸主结构的氨基 酸。 进一步, 所述的药物组合物还包含至少一种水性稀释剂。
具体的半胱氨酸类似物选自 L-半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐、 乙 酰半胱氨酸、 S-羧甲基 -L-半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸乙酯、 L-半胱氨酸甲 酯的一种或多种, 优选该类似物为 L-半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐或 乙酰半胱氨酸, 更优选 L-半胱氨酸或 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐, 其中 L-半胱 氨酸盐酸盐包括其无水物和水合物, 如 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐一水合物。
可以利用本发明提供的替莫唑胺和氨基酸稳定剂的药物组合物制
备可注射的胃肠外用药物制剂, 特别是冻干粉形式的药物制剂。
基于本发明的氨基酸稳定剂对替莫唑胺有稳定效果, 本领域技术 人员可以认识到, 只要添加本发明的氨基酸稳定剂就会对替莫唑胺有 稳定作用。 较好的实施方式是以替莫唑胺计, 替莫唑胺或其药学上可 接受的盐与氨基酸稳定剂之间的重量比满足以下关系:
氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量比大于
0.5:1;
优选氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量比大 于 0.8: 1;
更优选氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量比 大于 1.2: 1;
最优选氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量比 大于 1.6: 1。
药物组合物可以包含赋形剂、 润湿剂、 pH调节剂或缓冲剂中的一 种或多种, 优选赋形剂为甘露醇; 所述的润湿剂为聚山梨醇酯; 所述 的 pH调节剂为盐酸; 所述的缓冲剂选自枸橼酸钠、 醋酸或醋酸盐。
本发明提供了以下两种具体实施方式, 药物组合物含有以下重量 比的组分, 或由以下重量比的组分组成:
实施方式 1
以替莫唑胺计的替莫唑胺或其盐 2.5份
L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐计的 L-半胱氨酸或其盐 4份 聚山梨酯 -80 3份 甘露醇 15份 实施方式 2
以替莫唑胺计的替莫唑胺或其盐 2.5份
L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐计的 L-半胱氨酸或其盐 4份 甘露醇 15份 另外, 本发明还提供了药物组合物的制备方法。 所述的制备方法 包括将替莫唑胺或其可药用盐与至少一种氨基酸稳定剂均匀混合的步 骤。
1 )将至少一种氨基酸稳定剂溶解在水性稀释剂中形成溶液, 优选 溶液温度控制在 0-60°C ;
2) 将替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐加入上述溶液中溶解。
上述制备方法, 具体包括以下步骤:
1 ) 称取处方量的稳定剂, 以及任选的润湿剂、 赋形剂或缓冲剂, 搅拌溶解在水性稀释剂中;
2)称取处方量的替莫唑胺或其可药用盐,搅拌溶解在上述溶液中, 使用 pH调节剂对溶液 pH值进行调整;
优选 pH为 2.0至 6.0, 更优选为 2.5至 4.5, 最优选为 3.5至 4.0;
3 ) 加入水性稀释剂至最终体积, 搅拌均匀。
上述制备方法中所使用的水性稀释剂选自水、 生理盐水、 5%的右 旋糖溶液或它们的混合物。
制备本发明的药物组合物, 可以进一步制备成冻干粉制剂, 将替 莫唑胺或其可药用盐和稳定剂的混合溶液进行冷冻干燥。
本发明通过氨基酸稳定剂的加入, 得到了能够保证替莫唑胺稳定 的药物组合物。 令人惊喜的发现, 对于以冻干粉为代表的替莫唑胺药 物组合物, 盐酸半胱氨酸一水合物为代表的氨基酸稳定剂提高了替莫 唑胺的稳定性, 这种稳定性不仅表现在能够保证替莫唑胺的含量和有 关物质能够保持稳定, 而且表现在长期和加速条件下以盐酸半胱氨酸 为稳定剂的替莫唑胺组合物的颜色没有发生变化。 制备得到的替莫唑 胺冻干粉针剂保持白色至类白色的冻干粉外观, 没有发生冻干粉颜色 变为淡粉色的现象, 而替莫唑胺颜色的变化是其的一个难以克服的难 点, 在药品的使用中, 药品颜色外观的变化会极大的降低医生和病人 对其的可信度与顺应性。
进一步的研究表明, 这种效果是与氨基酸中的半胱氨酸结构有关, 通过实验证明具有半胱氨酸主体结构的多种氨基酸都具有类似效果, 例如半胱氨酸结构性质类似的物质有: L-半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸盐酸 盐无水物、 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐一水合物、 乙酰半胱氨酸、 S-羧甲基 -L- 半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、 L-半胱氨酸甲酯盐酸, 这些主体 结构相同且取代基团差异较小的氨基酸等都能达到类似稳定替莫唑胺 的效果。
本发明药物组合物中, 其中所述的稳定剂选自 L-半胱氨酸、 L-半 胱氨酸盐酸盐无水物、 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐一水合物、 乙酰半胱氨酸或 它们的混合物。 优选 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐一水合物。
本发明的药物组合物, 其中稳定剂的含量理论上越高越好, 但是 对于组合物的制备, 还要考虑其冻干过程及成型等各种性质, 综合组 合物制备的各因素其中以组合物总重量计稳定剂的含量范围在 2wt%-60wt%。 优选为 5wt%-30wt%; 本发明的药物组合物, 其中以组 合物总重量计替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐含量为 2wt%-60wt%。优 选为 5wt%-20wt%。
在本发明的药物组合物制备过程中, 加入至少一种水性稀释剂, 所述的水性稀释剂选自注射用水、 生理盐水、 5%的右旋糖溶液或它们 的混合物。
可用于本发明的赋形剂选自氯化钠、 葡萄糖、 乳糖、 甘露醇、 海 藻糖、 木糖醇、 蔗糖、 山梨醇、 右旋糖、 白蛋白、 羟乙基淀粉、 环糊 精、 甘氨酸或它们的混合物, 优选为甘露醇; 润湿剂选自聚山梨醇酯、 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、 聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油、 胆汁盐、 卵磷脂、 聚乙二醇 或它们的混合物, 优选选自聚山梨醇酯 -20、 聚山梨醇酯 -40、 聚山梨醇 酯 -60、 聚山梨醇酯 -80或它们的混合物, 最优选为聚山梨醇酯 -80; 缓 冲剂选自枸橼酸盐、 乳酸盐、 醋酸盐、 酒石酸盐、 琥珀酸盐、 磷酸盐 或它们的混合物, 优选选自枸橼酸盐、 醋酸盐、 磷酸盐或它们的混合 物, 最优选为醋酸盐或枸橼酸盐; pH调节剂选自盐酸、 氢氧化钠、 枸 橼酸、 磷酸、 乳酸、 酒石酸、 琥珀酸或它们的混合物, 优选为盐酸或 醋酸。
对于赋形剂、 缓冲剂、 常规 pH调节剂、 缓冲剂, 本领域技术人员 根据冻干制剂制备要求可以作出选择和调整。
在本发明的可注射的胃肠外用药物制剂中, 所述的赋形剂优选为 甘露醇; 所述的润湿剂优选为聚山梨醇酯 -80; 所述的常规 pH调节剂 优选为盐酸; 所述的缓冲剂优选为枸橼酸钠、 醋酸和醋酸盐。
用于本发明的术语 "重量百分比" (wt%) 是在药物组合物的总重 量的基础上计算的。
本发明通过润湿剂的加入, 改善了替莫唑胺因为水难溶性, 难以被
水润湿溶解的特点, 增加了替莫唑胺的溶解速率, 减少了整个溶液的 配制时间, 减少了替莫唑胺在溶液中降解的时间, 从而减少了替莫唑 胺的降解。
对于冻干粉针制剂而言, 通过赋形剂的加入, 保证了替莫唑胺冻干 粉针剂最后的成形性, 并且有赋形剂的保护支撑作用, 使替莫唑胺冻 干粉针剂重建为适宜患者给药的制剂的时间, 大大减少。 当赋形剂在 药物组合物中使用时, 以药物组合物总重量计它的 wt%可以在 20 wt% 至 80 wt%。
本发明通过缓冲剂和常规 pH调节剂的加入, 保证了替莫唑胺在溶 液状态时在一个比较低的 pH环境和一定的缓冲体系中,降低了其的降 解速率。 当缓冲剂在药物组合物中使用时, 以药物组合物总重量计它 的 wt%可以在 5 wt%至 60 wt%。 当常规 pH调节剂在药物组合物中使 用时, 以药物组合物总重量计它的 wt%可以在 0.1 wt%至 20 wt%。
本发明通过降低替莫唑胺在溶解过程和溶液状态时的降解速度,而 保证了替莫唑胺在溶液状态下可以较长时间保持稳定, 从而有利于其 的配制, 灌装, 冷冻干燥等整个过程, 而易于实现工业化的生产。
该制备方法中, 在药液的配制过程中应适当的控制温度, 以降低替 莫唑胺降解。 具体实施方式
为了阐述发明, 以冻干制剂的制剂形式作为实施例进行比较说明。 本发明的药物组合物通常通过下面的步骤制得:
称取处方量的稳定剂、润湿剂、 赋形剂、 缓冲剂, 搅拌溶解在注射 用水中, 水为处方量的 90%左右, 水温控制在 0-60°C。
称取处方量的替莫唑胺,搅拌溶解在上述溶液中,完全溶解后测定 溶液的 pH值, 根据需要, 调节溶液 pH值至 3.5-4.5。
加入注射用水至最终体积, 将溶液继续搅拌至混合均匀。
将上述的溶液过滤, 冷冻干燥。 实施例 1
称取 15.00 g甘露醇, 4.00 g L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐一水合物, 5.88 g
枸橼酸钠, 加入 900 mL已冷至室温的注射用水, 搅拌溶解, 使用盐酸 调节溶液 pH为 3.7, 加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺 (江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公 司, 以下实施例中来源相同), 搅拌溶解, 加水至 lOOO mL, 用 0.22 μηι 微孔滤膜过滤, 冷冻干燥, 得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 实施例 2
称取 15.00 g甘露醇, 3.00 g聚山梨酯 -80, 4.00 g L-半胱氨酸盐酸 盐一水合物, 5.88 g枸橼酸钠, 加入 900 mL已冷至室温的注射用水, 搅拌溶解, 使用盐酸调节溶液 pH为 3.7, 加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺, 搅拌 溶解, 加水至 1000 mL, 用 0.22 μηι微孔滤膜过滤, 冷冻干燥, 得到替 莫唑胺冻干粉。 实施例 3
称取 15.00 g甘露醇, 3.00 g聚山梨酯 -80, 2.00 g L-半胱氨酸, 5.88 g枸橼酸钠, 加入 900 mL已冷至室温的注射用水, 搅拌溶解, 使用盐 酸调节溶液 pH为 3.7, 加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺, 搅拌溶解, 加水至 1000 mL, 用 0.22 μηι微孔滤膜过滤, 冷冻干燥, 得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 实施例 4
称取 15.00 g甘露醇, 3.00 g聚山梨酯 -80, 4.00 g乙酰半胱氨酸,
5.88 g枸橼酸钠, 加入 900 mL已冷至室温的注射用水, 搅拌溶解, 使 用盐酸调节溶液 pH为 3.7, 加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺, 搅拌溶解, 加水至 1000 mL,用 0.22 μηι微孔滤膜过滤,冷冻干燥,得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 实施例 5
称取 3.00 g聚山梨醇酯 -80 , 4.00 g L-甘氨酸, 10.00 g甘露醇, 5.67g 醋酸, 5.03g醋酸钠,加入 900 mL注射用水,于 40 °C水浴下搅拌溶解, 加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺, 搅拌溶解, 加水至 1000 mL, 用 0.22 μηι微孔滤 膜过滤, 分装, 冷冻干燥, 得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 实施例 6
称取 3.00 g聚山梨醇酯 -80 , 4.00 g L-丙氨酸, 10.00 g甘露醇, 5.67g 醋酸, 5.03g醋酸钠,加入 900 mL注射用水,于 40 °C水浴下搅拌溶解, 加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺, 搅拌溶解, 加水至 1000 mL, 用 0.22 μηι微孔滤 膜过滤, 分装, 冷冻干燥, 得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 对照例 1 (常规冷冻干燥处方)
称取 15.00 g甘露醇, 5.88 g枸橼酸钠, 加入 900 mL已冷至室温 的注射用水, 搅拌溶解, 使用盐酸调节溶液 pH为 3.7, 加入 2.50 g替 莫唑胺, 搅拌溶解, 加水至 1000 mL, 用 0.22 μηι微孔滤膜过滤, 冷冻 干燥, 得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 对照例 2
称取 15.00 g甘露醇, 3.00 g聚山梨酯 -80, 5.88 g枸橼酸钠, 加入
900 mL已冷至室温的注射用水, 搅拌溶解, 使用盐酸调节溶液 pH为 3.7, 加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺, 搅拌溶解, 加水至 1000 mL, 用 0.22 μηι 微孔滤膜过滤, 冷冻干燥, 得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 对照例 3 (美国专利 US6987108实施例 2 )
称取 15.00 g甘露醇, 3.00 g聚山梨酯 -80, 4.00 g L-苏氨酸, 5.88 g 枸橼酸钠, 加入 900 mL已冷至室温的注射用水, 搅拌溶解, 使用盐酸 调节溶液 pH为 3.7,加入 2.50 g替莫唑胺,搅拌溶解,加水至 1000 mL, 用 0.22 μηι微孔滤膜过滤, 冷冻干燥, 得到替莫唑胺冻干粉。 稳定性比较实验一
按照实施例 2和对照例 3 (美国专利 US6987108实施例 2)配制替 莫唑胺的溶液, 并将配制得到的溶液冷冻干燥, 制备得到替莫唑胺冻 干粉针剂。 使用反向高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分别测定实施例 2和对 照例 3 的冻干前溶液的溶液稳定性和冻干后的复溶后的溶液稳定性, 结果见表 1。
表 1 实施例 2与对照例 3 (US6987108) 溶液稳定性对比
表中结果表明, 本发明中实施例 2 的替莫唑胺冻干前溶液状态的 降解速率与美国专利 US6987108中处方的降解速率相近, 而冻干后重 建后的降解速率低于美国专利 US6987108中处方降解速率, 从而说明 本发明的处方具有更好的稳定性, L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐一水合物的加入 能够保证替莫唑胺的稳定。 稳定性比较实验二
按照实施例 1、 2、 4处方和对照例 1、 2、 3处方配制相应的替莫 唑胺溶液,冷冻干燥制备得到冻干粉。将制备的冻干粉在 40°C条件下, 留样考察。 考察 5天, 10天留样后的样品外观和有关物质, 有关物质 使用反向高效液相色谱法 (HPLC) 测定, 结果见表 2。
表 2实施例 1、 2、 4处方和对照例 1, 2, 3外观和有关物质考察 时间 批次 外观 有关物质 %
实施例 1 白色疏松块状物 0.06 实施例 2 白色疏松块状物 0.07 实施例 4 白色疏松块状物 0.15 起始
对照例 1 白色疏松块状物 0.06 对照例 2 白色疏松块状物 0.05 对照例 3 白色疏松块状物 0.22
5天 实施例 1 白色疏松块状物 0.06
实施例 2 白色疏松块状物 0.07
实施例 4 白色疏松块状物 0.18 对照例 1 淡粉色疏松块状物 1.09 对照例 2 白色疏松块状物 0.11 对照例 3 白色疏松块状物 0.23 实施例 1 白色疏松块状物 0.10 实施例 2 白色疏松块状物 0.09 实施例 4 白色疏松块状物 0.18
10天
对照例 1 淡粉色疏松块状物 1.32 对照例 2 淡粉色疏松块状物 0.11 对照例 3 淡粉色疏松块状物 0.25 由表中结果可知, 本发明得到的冻干粉具有更好的稳定性, 实施 例 1、 2、 4 中的冻干粉样品令人惊喜的发现外观均无变化, 而且具有 更优异的稳定性; 而对照例 1、 2、 3 中的冻干粉均发生了明显的颜色 外观变化, 冻干粉颜色的变化说明样品可能发生了显著变化, 而且样 品外观的变化会降低病人用药的顺应性, 甚至这预示着样品稳定性差。 由上述测定结果可以看出, 具有半胱氨酸主结构的氨基酸具有改善替 莫唑胺稳定性的作用, 其中 L-半胱氨酸或其盐效果最好。 稳定性比较实验三
将按照实施例 2和对照例 3 (美国专利 US6987108实施例 2 )制备 得到的冻干粉, 分别在 2-8°C, 25°C和 40°C条件下, 以有关物质的变化 为指标, 对其进行稳定性留样考察, 结果见表 3, 4。 稳定性
2-8 °C 25 °C 40 °C 时间 (M)
有关物质 (%) 有关物质 (%) 有关物质 (%)
0 0.22 0.22 0.22
1 0.20 0.30 0.21
2 0.27 0.47 0.47 表 4本发明实施例 2得到的替莫唑胺冻干粉针剂的稳定性
2-8 °C 25 °C 40 °C 时间 (M)
有关物质 (%) 有关物质 (%) 有关物质 (%)
0 0.07 0.07 0.07
1 - 0.07 0.17
2 - 0.10 0.47
3 0.08 0.16 0.60
6 0.07 0.13 1.20 表 3, 4中的结果表明, 本发明中制备的替莫唑胺冻干粉针剂经过 6个月后仍保持稳定, 稳定性优于美国专利 US6987108制备的替莫唑 胺冻干粉针剂的稳定性。 但是美国专利 US6987108制备的替莫唑胺冻 干粉针剂 40°C在留样期间颜色由白色或类白色变为淡粉色, 并且颜色 不断加深加深, 25°C条件时也存在这样的现象; 而本发明中得到的冻 干粉颜色没有改变, 保持白色至类白色不变。 这一令人惊喜的结果, 表明本发明制备的替莫唑胺冻干粉针剂具有更好的稳定性。
Claims
1、 一种药物组合物, 其特征在于包含替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受 的盐, 以及至少一种氨基酸稳定剂,
其中所述的氨基酸稳定剂选自 L-丙氨酸、 L-甘氨酸、 半胱氨酸类 似物或它们的药学上可接受的盐的一种或多种, 其中半胱氨酸类似物 为具有半胱氨酸主结构的氨基酸。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的药物组合物, 其中所述的药物组合物还 包含至少一种水性稀释剂。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的药物组合物, 其中所述的半胱氨酸 类似物选自 L-半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐、 乙酰半胱氨酸、 S-羧甲 基 -L-半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸乙酯、 L-半胱氨酸甲酯的一种或多种, 优 选所述的半胱氨酸类似物为 L-半胱氨酸、 L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐或乙酰半 胱氨酸。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任意一项所述的药物组合物, 其中所述的药 物组合物为可注射的胃肠外用药物制剂, 优选所述的药物组合物为冻 干粉形式。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任意一项所述的药物组合物, 其中以药物组 合物总重量计氨基酸稳定剂的含量为 2wt%-60wt%,优选 5wt%-30wt%。
6、 根据权利要求 1-5任意一项所述的药物组合物, 其中以药物组 合物总重量计替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐含量为 2wt%-60wt%,优 选 5wt%-20wt%。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任意一项所述的药物组合物, 其中以替莫唑 胺计, 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐与氨基酸稳定剂之间的重量比 满足以下关系: 氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量比大于
0.5: 1 ;
优选, 氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量比 大于 0.8: 1;
更优选, 氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量 比大于 1.2: 1 ;
最优选, 氨基酸稳定剂: 替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐的重量 比大于 1.6: 1。
8、 根据权利要求 1-7任意一项所述的药物组合物, 其中所述的药 物组合物还包含赋形剂、润湿剂、 pH调节剂或缓冲剂中的一种或多种。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的药物组合物, 其中所述的赋形剂为甘露 醇; 所述的润湿剂为聚山梨醇酯 -80; 所述的 pH调节剂为盐酸; 所述 的缓冲剂选自枸橼酸钠、 醋酸和醋酸盐。
10、根据权利要求 1-9任意一项所述的药物组合物,其中所述的药 物组合物含有以下重量比的组分, 或由以下重量比的组分组成:
以替莫唑胺计的替莫唑胺或其盐 2.5份
L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐计的 L-半胱氨酸或其盐 4份
聚山梨酯 -80 3份
甘露醇 15份 。
11、根据权利要求 1-9任意一项所述的药物组合物,其中所述的药 物组合物含有以下重量比的组分或由以下重量比的组分组成:
以替莫唑胺计的替莫唑胺或其盐 2.5份
L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐计的 L-半胱氨酸或其盐 4份
甘露醇 15份 。
12、一种制备如权利要求 1-11任意一项所述的药物组合物的方法, 包括将替莫唑胺或其可药用盐与至少一种氨基酸稳定剂均匀混合的步 骤。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的方法, 包括下列步骤:
1 )将至少一种氨基酸稳定剂溶解在水性稀释剂中形成溶液, 优选 溶液温度控制在 0-60°C ;
2) 将替莫唑胺或其药学上可接受的盐加入上述溶液中溶解。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的方法, 包括以下步骤:
1 )称取处方量的氨基酸稳定剂, 以及任选的润湿剂、 赋形剂或缓 冲剂, 搅拌溶解在水性稀释剂中;
2)称取处方量的替莫唑胺或其可药用盐,搅拌溶解在上述溶液中, 使用 pH调节剂对溶液 pH值进行调整;
优选 pH为 2.0至 6.0, 更优选为 2.5至 4.5, 最优选为 3.5至 4.0;
3 ) 加入水性稀释剂至最终体积, 搅拌均匀。
15、 根据权利要求 13或 14所述的方法, 其中所述的水性稀释剂 选自水、 生理盐水、 5%的右旋糖溶液或它们的混合物。
16、根据权利要求 13-15任意一项所述的方法,还包括将替莫唑胺 或其可药用盐和稳定剂的混合溶液进行冷冻干燥, 以得到一种冻干粉 的步骤。
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| PCT/CN2011/077095 Ceased WO2012013117A1 (zh) | 2010-07-29 | 2011-07-13 | 含维生素c或其衍生物的替莫唑胺药物组合物及其制备方法 |
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| CN103705446A (zh) * | 2012-10-08 | 2014-04-09 | 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 | 一种多烯磷脂酰胆碱注射液及其制备方法 |
| US9033949B2 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-05-19 | Bang & Olufsen Medicom A/S | Needle protection device |
| CN104274412A (zh) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-14 | 北京恒瑞康达医药科技发展有限公司 | 一种含有替莫唑胺、其药学上可接受的盐或其他衍生物的药物制剂 |
| CA3074043A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-04 | Novartis Ag | Parenteral formulation comprising siponimod |
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| CN1635871A (zh) * | 2002-02-22 | 2005-07-06 | 先灵公司 | 抗肿瘤剂,特别是替莫唑胺的药物制剂,其制备方法和用途 |
| CN101869551A (zh) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-10-27 | 江苏奥赛康药业有限公司 | 一种替莫唑胺冻干制剂 |
| CN101984968A (zh) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-03-16 | 北京润德康医药技术有限公司 | 抗肿瘤剂替莫唑胺的药物制剂制备方法 |
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| WO2009126274A2 (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2009-10-15 | New York University School Of Medicine | Methods and compositions for the treatment of cancers, such as melanomas and gliomas |
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| CN1635871A (zh) * | 2002-02-22 | 2005-07-06 | 先灵公司 | 抗肿瘤剂,特别是替莫唑胺的药物制剂,其制备方法和用途 |
| CN101869551A (zh) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-10-27 | 江苏奥赛康药业有限公司 | 一种替莫唑胺冻干制剂 |
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| CN102342931A (zh) | 2012-02-08 |
| WO2012013117A1 (zh) | 2012-02-02 |
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| CN102481287B (zh) | 2013-09-18 |
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