WO2011160267A1 - 取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物、制备方法及在药物中的应用 - Google Patents

取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物、制备方法及在药物中的应用 Download PDF

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WO2011160267A1
WO2011160267A1 PCT/CN2010/001600 CN2010001600W WO2011160267A1 WO 2011160267 A1 WO2011160267 A1 WO 2011160267A1 CN 2010001600 W CN2010001600 W CN 2010001600W WO 2011160267 A1 WO2011160267 A1 WO 2011160267A1
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compound
diacid
diisopropylphenol
iii
propofol
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PCT/CN2010/001600
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张文胜
杨俊�
刘进
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四川大学华西医院
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Priority to JP2013515652A priority Critical patent/JP5856156B2/ja
Priority to CA2801582A priority patent/CA2801582C/en
Priority to EP10853411.6A priority patent/EP2586768B1/en
Priority to US13/702,188 priority patent/US9272978B2/en
Priority to AU2010356055A priority patent/AU2010356055B2/en
Publication of WO2011160267A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011160267A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C59/00Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/40Unsaturated compounds
    • C07C59/42Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
    • C07C59/48Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups containing six-membered aromatic rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P23/00Anaesthetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/04Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/20Hypnotics; Sedatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/30Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
    • C07C67/31Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/30Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
    • C07C67/317Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
    • C07C67/32Decarboxylation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C69/00Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C07C69/66Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
    • C07C69/67Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
    • C07C69/675Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids of saturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydroxy acid ester compound substituted with phenol, a preparation method and use in medicine.
  • the compound can be used as a sedative hypnotic and/or anesthetic drug administered intravenously or intravenously.
  • Propofol is a sedative that is currently widely used in the induction, maintenance, and intensive care of general anesthesia. Propofol has the characteristics of rapid onset and rapid metabolic inactivation. Since its first clinical report in 1977, it has been gradually promoted and applied worldwide. Since the solubility of propofol in water is only 146 mg/L, the currently clinically applied preparation is prepared from 1% propofol, 10% soybean oil, 2. 25% glycerol and 1.2% refined egg yolk lecithin. As a 0/W emulsion, this dosage form is still widely used in countries all over the world.
  • disodium edetate is also added as an inhibitor of bacterial growth.
  • the formulation is a white emulsion liquid, P H7.0 is slightly viscous, easy to inject, stable at room temperature, insensitive to light, and encapsulated in ampoules with nitrogen.
  • this preparation still has many disadvantages.
  • various stabilizers and solubilizers added are inevitably susceptible to some allergic reactions; soybean oil, lecithin, etc.
  • the present invention will first provide a hydroxy acid ester compound substituted with a phenol. Based on this, the present invention further provides a process for preparing the compound, and the use of the compound in medicine.
  • the hydroxy acid ester compound of the substituted phenol of the present invention has a structure as shown in the formula (I):
  • Y is a linear carbon chain of c r4 , preferably the linear carbon chain Y is a saturated carbon chain, in particular, the linear carbon chain Y is -CH 2 -CH 2 - or - CH 2 -CH 2 - CH 2 - is the best.
  • the linear carbon chain Y in the structure of the compound of the above formula (I) is in the form of a simple linear carbon chain, and may have at least one H on its carbon chain including a mercapto group, an ethyl group, a cyclopropyl group, A form substituted with a substituent such as a hydroxy group, a thiol group, an amino group or a substituted amino group.
  • the experimental results show that the compound of the present invention having the structure of the above formula (I), as a prodrug of propofol, is configured as a pharmaceutically acceptable emulsion and the like, and enters the body intravenously, and can rapidly decompose and release the substituted phenol structure therein.
  • (propofol) produces sedative, hypnotic and/or anesthetic effects, which can effectively overcome the shortcomings of the hydroxy group in the substituted phenol structure, which is stable in vitro and can be rapidly decomposed into the body.
  • the hydroxy acid or the corresponding esterified product released by the compound of the formula (I) is not toxic to the human body.
  • the substituted phenolic hydroxyester compound of the formula (I) of the present invention can be suitably used as a central inhibitory drug which exerts sedative, hypnotic and/or anesthetic effects on animals or humans by intravenous or extravascular routes. Function and effect. Further modifications can be obtained by further modifying the hydroxyl groups in the structure of the compound of formula (I) ⁇ ! Juice organisms, for example, bonded to water-soluble molecules, can give various water-soluble substituted phenol derivatives based on the above structures.
  • the preparation of the above substituted phenolic hydroxyester compound can be carried out by using 2,6-diisopropylphenol (II) as a raw material, and reacting with the dianhydride compound (III) in the presence of a deacidifying agent and 4-diaminopyridine. Forming the diacid monoester intermediate (IV); or the 2,6-diisopropylphenol (II) and the diacid compound (III') in the condensing agent N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide ( DCC) reacts with a catalytic amount of 4-diaminopyridine to form a diacid monoester intermediate (IV).
  • DCC N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
  • the diacid monoester intermediate (IV) is reacted with sodium borohydride and iodine to obtain the corresponding substituted phenol hydroxy ester compound product (I), the dianhydride compound (III) and the diacid compound ( ⁇ ) Y in the formula is a linear carbon chain of C r4 .
  • the reaction process is as follows:
  • Y in the diacid compound ( III ' ) or the dianhydride compound ( III ) in the reaction formula is a saturated carbon chain, and among them, preferably - CH 2 -CH 2 -or- CH plant CH plant CH 2 -.
  • an organic basic compound such as pyridine or a tertiary amine compound including triethylamine can be usually selected.
  • the preparation process can be generally carried out in, for example, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, benzene, toluene, petroleum ether, cyclohexane, n-hexane, acetonitrile, acetone, DMF, DMS0>tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether. It is carried out in various organic solvents such as triethylamine or pyridine.
  • diacid monoester intermediate (IV) of 2,6-diisopropylphenol In addition to the use of the dianhydride compound (III), it is also possible to make 2,6-diisopropylphenol (II) with an equimolar diacid compound (III') in an equimolar amount of N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodihydryl In the presence of an imine (DCC) condensing agent and a catalytic amount of 4-dipyridinium aminopyridine, after sufficiently reacting at TC-room temperature, the precipitate in the reactant is filtered off, and the solvent is distilled off to obtain a diacid monoester intermediate. (IV) The crude diacid monoester intermediate (IV) can be further recrystallized from cyclohexane/ethyl acetate or another suitable solvent to give the purified intermediate (IV).
  • DCC imine
  • V mixing the upper diacid monoester intermediate (IV) with an equimolar amount of sodium borohydride in the solvent (such as anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, etc.), adding an equimolar amount of iodine under stirring, after sufficient reaction (if no The bubble is generated, the color of the solution is reduced to colorless, and the tetrahydrofuran is distilled off under reduced pressure, and the organic solvent (such as ethyl acetate) is dissolved and washed with water, and then the organic solvent is removed to obtain a colorless transparent viscous liquid.
  • the solvent such as anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, etc.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the in vitro plasma in vivo decomposition of propofol hydroxybutyrate of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the in vitro plasma in vivo decomposition of propofol hydroxyvalerate of the present invention.
  • nCNMR ( ⁇ ) 14. 19, 21. 05, 21. 15, 27. 55, 32. 10, 33. 73, 62. 18, 123. 90, 126. 48, 140. 27, 145. 52, 172 33.
  • the signal of 62.18 is the signal of the carbon atom to which the hydroxyl group is attached
  • the signal of 172.33 is the signal of the carbonyl carbon of the ester bond.
  • the tail vein injection was administered to the mice, and the disappearance of the Forepaw Righting Reflex (FRR) was used as the endpoint of the anesthesia.
  • FRR Forepaw Righting Reflex
  • the fore paw reflex of the mouse was restored to the anesthesia recovery index.
  • the results indicate: ED 5 of the drug test group of the present invention.
  • mice were injected into the tail vein, and the disappearance of the Forepaw Righting Reflex (FRR) was used as the endpoint of the anesthesia. The fore paw reflex was restored to the anesthesia recovery index. The results indicate: ED 5 of the test drug of the present invention.
  • FRR Forepaw Righting Reflex
  • the compound of the invention makes 2,6-diisopropylphenol (propofol) form its hydroxy acid ester derivative, overcomes the disadvantage that the hydroxyl group in the propofol structure is easily oxidized, and has stability in vitro, It can be rapidly decomposed into the body, so it can be applied in centrally inhibiting drugs that produce sedative, hypnotic and/or anesthetic effects on animals or humans via intravenous or extravascular routes, increasing the scope of application of propofol prodrugs. Positive meaning and good prospects, suitable for industrial applications.

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Description

取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物、 制备方法及在药物中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物、 制备方法及在药物中的应 用。该化合物可作为经静脉途径或静脉外途径给药的镇静催眠和 /或麻醉药物 使用。 背景技术
丙泊酚(Propofol , 化学名: 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚), 是目前临床上广泛应 用的全身麻醉诱导、 维持及重症监护时的镇静药物。 丙泊酚具有起效快, 代 谢失活快的特点, 自 1977首次作出临床报告以来,逐步在全世界范围内得以 推广应用。 由于丙泊酚在水中的溶解度仅为 146mg/L, 因此目前临床应用的 制剂是由 1%丙泊酚, 10%大豆油, 2. 25%甘油和 1. 2%精制蛋黄卵磷脂等配制而 成的 0/W型乳剂, 至今这种剂型仍在世界各国广泛应用。 例如在美国, 还加 入 0. 005 %依地酸二钠, 作为细菌生长的抑制剂。 该制剂为白色乳状液体, PH7. 0 稍有粘性, 易于注射, 在室温下稳定, 对光不敏感, 以氮气封装在安 瓿中。 但这种制剂仍然有许多缺点。 例如, 作为注射用的乳剂, 加入的各种 稳定剂及增溶剂不可避免地易引起一些过敏反应; 制剂中加入的大豆油、 卵 磷脂等容易滋生细菌, 必须在严格无菌操作下配制, 而且开启后不能储存; 较大的油滴可能导致栓塞; 可能会引起心脏方面的毒副作用等, 且此类制剂 也不能克服丙泊酚易被氧化变质的缺点。 这些问题都在一定程度上限制了 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚的使用。
解决 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚上述缺点的一些化学方法目前已有报道,基本是 通过修饰 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚中的羟基而制得的一些水溶性前药, 如 WO200213810披露的丙泊酚碑酸酯等。 但此类化合物中有些无法实现在体内 快速释放出 2, 6-二异丙基笨酚, 不能起到迅速诱导麻醉的效果。 又如 WO2003059255 中描述的前药, 其水解后会释放出可能引起副作用的曱醛分 子。 又如 WO200213810中描述的丙泊盼琥珀酸单酯钠盐, 是一种水溶性大的 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚衍生物, 但其在水溶液中不稳定, 也限制了水溶性 2, 6 -二 异丙基苯酚前体药物的开发与应用。 发明内容
鉴于上述情况, 本发明将首先提供一种取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物, 在 此基础上本发明将进一步提供一种该化合物的制备方法 , 以及该化合物在药 物中的应用。 本发明所称取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物, 其结构如式( I )所示:
Figure imgf000004_0001
其中, 式中的 Y为 cr4的直链碳链, 优选的是该直链碳链 Y为饱和碳链, 特 别是以该直链碳链 Y为- CH2- CH2-或- CH2-CH2- CH2-为最佳。
上述式( I )化合物结构中的该直链碳链 Y除为简单的直链碳链形式夕卜, 还可以为其碳链上至少有一个 H为包括曱基、 乙基、 环丙基、 羟基、 巯基、 氨基或取代氨基在内的取代基所取代的形式。
实验结果显示, 上述式( I )结构的本发明化合物作为丙泊酚的前体药 物, 配置成药学上可以接受的乳剂等剂型经静脉途径进入体内, 可以快速分 解并释放出其中的取代苯酚结构 (丙泊酚) 而产生镇静催眠和 /或麻醉效应, 从而能有效克服取代苯酚结构中的羟基易被氧化的缺点,具有在体外较稳定, 进入体内能快速分解的特点。 同时, 该式( I )化合物释放出来的羟基酸或 对应的酯化产物等, 对于人体也没有毒性。 因此, 本发明该式( I ) 的取代 苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物在作为经静脉或静脉外途径对动物或人产生镇静催眠 和 /或麻醉作用的中枢抑制性药物中应用时,可具有理想的作用和效果。通过 对式( I )化合物结构中的羟基可进行进一步的修饰, 还可以得到更为稳定 的其它形式 ^!汁生物, 例如与水溶性分子键合后, 可以得到在上述结构基础上 的各种水溶性取代苯酚的衍生物。
上述取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物的制备,可以由 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚( II ) 为原料, 与二酸酐化合物( III )在去酸剂存在和 4-二曱氨基吡啶催化下反应 形成二酸单酯中间体(IV ); 或者是由 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚( II )与二酸化合 物( III' )在缩合剂 N, N-二环己基碳二酰亚胺( DCC )和催化量的 4-二曱氨基 吡啶存在下,反应生成二酸单酯中间体( IV )。然后,再由二酸单酯中间体( IV ) 与硼氢化钠和碘反应,得到相应的取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物产物( I ), 所 说二酸酐化合物( III )和二酸化合物( Π ) 中的 Y为 Cr4的直链碳链。 反应 过程如下:
Figure imgf000005_0001
( II ) (III) ( ΙΙΓ) ( IV ) ( I ) 如上述, 反应式中所说的二酸化合物( III ' )或二酸酐化合物( III )中的 Y为饱和碳链, 其中优选为- CH2-CH2-或- CH厂 CH厂 CH2-。
上述制备过程中所说的去酸剂, 一般可以选择如吡啶或包括三乙胺在内 的叔胺类化合物等有机碱性化合物。
所说的制备过程通常可以在如二氯曱烷、 氯仿、 四氯化碳、 氯苯、 苯、 曱苯、 石油醚、 环己烷、 正己烷、 乙腈、 丙酮、 DMF、 DMS0> 四氢呋喃、 乙醚、 三乙胺或吡啶等多种有机溶剂中进行。
本发明上述式( I )结构化合物的一种典型的制备过程可按下述方式进 行:
V:将 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚( II )溶解于三乙胺中,加入二酸酐化合物( III ) 和催化量的 4-二甲氨基吡啶, 搅拌下充分反应后, 减压除去三乙胺。 实验显 示, 该反应在常温至回流的各种温度下都可以顺利完成, 甚至在低于 0。C的 低温下同样也可以进行和完成。 除去三乙胺后的剩余物加水后用盐酸等常用 的酸调节 pH 至酸性, 使沉淀析出完全。 分离沉淀得到 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚的 二酸单酯中间体(IV )。 除使用二酸酐化合物(III )外, 还可以使 2, 6-二异 丙基苯酚( II )与等摩尔的二酸化合物( III ' ), 在等摩尔 N,N-二环己基碳二 酰亚胺(DCC )缩合剂和催化量的 4-二曱氨基吡啶存在下, 于(TC-室温下充 分反应后,滤除反应物中的沉淀,滤液蒸除溶剂,得到二酸单酯中间体(IV )。 对所得到的二酸单酯中间体( IV )粗品, 还可以进一步用环己烷 /乙酸乙酯或 其它适当溶剂进行重结晶, 得到精制的中间体(IV )。
V:将上步二酸单酯中间体( IV )与等摩尔量硼氢化钠于所说的溶剂(如 无水四氢呋喃等) 中混合, 搅拌下加入等摩尔量碘, 充分反应后 (如无气泡 产生、 溶液颜色减退成无色), 减压蒸除四氢呋喃, 用所说的有机溶剂(如乙 酸乙酯等)溶解并用水洗涤充分后, 除去有机溶剂, 得无色透明粘稠液体状 的式( I ) 目标产物。
可以理解, 本发明上述式( I )结构取代苯酚羟基酸酯化合物, 使 2, 6- 二异丙基苯酚(丙泊酚)形成了其羟基酸酯衍生物, 克服了丙泊酚结构中的 羟基易被氧化的缺点, 具有在体外较稳定, 进入体内能快速分解的特点, 因 而可以在经静脉或静脉外途径对动物或人产生镇静催眠和 /或麻醉作用的中 枢抑制性药物中被应用, 增加了丙泊酚前药的适用范围。
以下结合附图所示实施例的具体实施方式, 对本发明的上述内容再作进一步 的详细说明。 但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。 在不脱离本发明上述技术思想情况下, 根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段 做出的各种替换或变更, 均应包括在本发明的范围内。 附图说明
图 1是本发明丙泊酚羟基丁酸酯的体外血浆内分解曲线图。
图 2是本发明丙泊酚羟基戊酸酯的体外血浆内分解曲线图。 发明的具体实施方式
实施例 1
将 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚(丙泊酚) 20 g溶于 50 ml三乙胺中, 加入 14 g 琥珀酸酐和 DMAP ( 4-二曱氨基吡啶) 0. 02 g , 室温搅拌 16 小时充分反应后, 减压蒸除三乙胺, 剩余物冲入 100ml水中, 用 6N盐酸调节 pH值到 1 , 析出 大量白色沉淀,过滤后减压烘干得丙泊酚琥珀酸单酯中间体粗品,用环己烷 / 乙酸乙酯重结晶得到相应的针状晶体 23. 5g, 收率 75. 4%, mp: 103-104 °C。
将 2. 54 g四氢硼钠悬浮于 45ml无水四氢呋喃中, 冷却至 5 °C以下, 緩 慢滴加含 18g丙泊酚琥珀酸单酯中间体的 60ml四氢呋喃溶液,并保持温度在 5 °C以下。 滴毕后低温搅拌 2小时,待无气泡产生, 开始滴加含 8. 28g碘单质 的四氢呋喃溶液 70ml, 保持溶液颜色不发黄, 滴毕保温搅拌 1小时, 蒸去四 氢呋喃, 加入 100ml 乙酸乙酯析出沉淀, 滤除沉淀, 滤液分别用 100ml饱和 碳酸氢钠溶液和 100ml水洗涤一次, 分出有机层, 用无水硫酸镁干燥后, 蒸 除溶剂乙酸乙酯, 得无色油状的丙泊酚 ω -羟基丁酸酯( I )产品 16. 24g, 点板无杂点, 产率 95%。
结构检测:
1 )核磁共振仪: BRUKER 400M, 以 CDC 13 为溶剂, TMS 为内标, δ单位为 ρρπΐο
'HNMR ( δ ) : 1. 19-1. 20 (2s, 12H), 1. 62 (s, 1H), 2. 04-2. 06 (m, 4H) , 2. 76-2. 79 (m, 2H), 2. 89—2. 91 (m, 2H), 3. 78-3. 800 (m, 2H), 7. 15-7. 26 (m, 3H)。 其中, 1. 62 (s, 1H)的峰为羟基上的活泼氢。
2 )核磁共振仪: BRUKER 400M, 以 CDC13为溶剂, TMS 为内标, δ单位 为 ppm。 13CNMR ( δ ) : 22. 71, 22. 76, 23. 67, 27. 55, 27. 69, 30. 77, 61. 96, 123. 93, 126. 53, 140. 29, 145. 51, 172. 57。 其中, 61. 96的信号是羟基所连碳原子的 信号, 而 173. 57处的信号是酯键中欺基碳信号。
3 ) 高分辨质语检测: 质谱仪: 美国 ΑΒΙ 公司 ΑΡΙ 3000 LC-Ms/Ms , 电离方 式: EDI。
Ms+: 265. 1808 (C16H2503)。
实施例 2
将 20g丙泊酚溶解于 100ml二氯曱烷中, 加入 13. 3g丁二酸和 0. 02g二 曱氨基吡啶, 再加入 23. 2g的 DCC, 室温搅拌反应 6小时后, 滤除反应液中 的白色固体, 滤液加 150ml的 6N盐酸洗涤一次, 分出有机层, 减压蒸去溶剂 后得浅黄色固体丙泊酚琥珀酸单酯中间体粗品,用环己烷 /乙酸乙酯重结晶得 白色针状晶体 26. 6g, 产率 85%, mp: 102- 103°C。
由丙泊酚琥珀酸单酯中间体制备丙泊酚 ω -羟基丁酸酯( I )终产品的操 作按实施例 1同样方式操作。
实施例 3
将 10g丙泊酚溶解于 50ml三乙胺中,加入 7g戊二酸酐和 0. Olg的 DMAP, 于室温搅拌 12小时,将反应液减压蒸媳除去过量的三乙胺,残余物沖入 100ml 水中, 用 6N盐酸调节 pH值到 1, 析出大量白色沉淀, 过滤后减压烘干得丙 泊酚戊二酸单酯中间体粗品, 用环己烷 /乙酸乙酯重结晶得到白色片状晶体 10. 8g, 产率 65. 9%, mp: 53—54°C。
将 2. 54g四氢硼钠悬浮于 45ml无水四氢呋喃中, 冷却至 5 °C以下, 緩' ft 滴加含 19g丙泊酚戊二酸单酯中间体的 60ml四氢呋喃溶液,并保持温度在 5 °C以下。 滴毕后低温搅拌 2小时, 待无气泡产生, 滴加含 8. 288碓单质的四 氢呋喃溶液 70ml , 保持溶液颜色不发黄, 滴毕保温搅拌反映 1小时后, 蒸去 四氢呋喃, 加入 100ml 乙酸乙酯析出沉淀, 滤除固体物, 滤液分别用 100ml 饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和 100ml水洗涤一次,分出有机层,用无水硫酸镁干燥后, 滤除干燥剂, 蒸去乙酸乙酯, 得无色油状丙泊酚 ω -羟基戊酸酯 ( I )产品 16. 9g, 点板无杂点, 产率 93%。
结构检测:
1 )核磁共振仪: BRUKER 400M, 以 CDC13 为溶剂, TMS 为内标, δ单位为 ppm。
'HNMR ( δ ) : 1. 19-1. 20 (2s, 12H) , 1. 71-1. 73 (m, 2H), 1. 88—1. 91 (m, 2H) , 2. 67-2. 69 (m, 2H), 2. 87-2. 91 (m, 2H), 3. 71-3. 73 (m, 2H) , 7. 15-7. 26 (m, 3H)。
2 )核磁共振仪: BRUKER 400M, 以 CDC13为溶剂, TMS 为内标, δ单位 为 ppm。
nCNMR ( δ ) : 14. 19, 21. 05, 21. 15, 27. 55, 32. 10, 33. 73, 62. 18, 123. 90, 126. 48, 140. 27, 145. 52, 172. 33。 其中, 62. 18的信号是羟基所连碳原子的 信号, 而 172. 33处的信号是酯键中羰基碳信号。
3 ) 高分辨质 i普: 质谱仪: 美国 ABI 公司 API 3000 LC-Ms/Ms , 电离方式:
EDI。
Ms+: 279. 1959 (C„H2603)
实施例 4
将 10g丙泊酚溶解于 50ml二氯曱烷中, 加入 7. 4g戊二酸和 0. Olg的 DMAP, 再加入 11. 6g的 DCC于室温搅拌反应 6小时后, 滤除反应液中的白色 固体, 滤液加 80ml的 6N盐酸洗涤一次, 分出有机层, 减压蒸去溶剂后得浅 黄色固体,用环己烷 /乙酸乙酯重结晶得白色针状晶体丙泊酚戊二酸单酯中间 体 9g, 产率 54. 9%, mp: 53-54 °C。
用丙泊酚琥珀酸单酯中间体制备丙泊酚 ω -羟基戊酸酯 ( I )终产品的 操作按实施例 3同样方式操作。
实施例 5
丙泊酚羟基丁酸酯的体外血浆内分解试验:
平行配制三份浓度为 10 mg/ml 的实施例 1 的丙泊酚羟基丁酸酯产物溶 液, 加入已事先置于水浴箱 (37 。C ) 的小鼠、 大鼠和兔血浆中, 混合均匀, 37 。C条件下分另1 J于 Orain, lmin, 3min, 5min, 7min, lOmin, 20min, 30min, lh, 2h, 3h和 4h时取上述 ΙΟΟμΙ含药血浆, HPLC法测定活性物 Propofol 的浓度, 结果显示丙泊酚羟基丁酸酯在血浆中可以迅速分解为活性物丙泊酚 ( Propofol )0 丙泊酚羟基丁酸酯的体外血浆分解率率曲线如图 1所示。
实施例 6
丙泊酚羟基戊酸酯的体外血浆内分解试验:
平行配制三份浓度为 lOmg/ml的实施例 3的丙泊酚羟基戊酸酯产物溶液, 加入已事先置于水浴箱 (37Ό ) 的小鼠、 大鼠和兔血浆中, 混合均匀, 37°C 条件下分另1 J于 Omin, lmin, 3min, 5min, 7min, l Omin, 20min, 30min, lh, 2h, 3h和 4h时取上述 ΙΟΟμΙ含药血浆, HPLC法测定活性物 Propofol的浓 度, 结果显示丙泊酚羟基戊酸酯在血浆中也可以迅速分解为活性物丙泊酚 ( Propofol )。 丙泊酚羟基戊酸酯的体外血浆分解率率曲线如图 2所示。
实施例 7
丙泊酚羟基丁酸酯的初步药效学试^ r:
将雌雄各半的昆明小鼠 60 只, 随机分为注射用本发明丙泊酚羟基丁酸 酯药物试验组( n=30 )和阳性对照药物得普利麻( Dipr ivan™ )对照组( n=30 ), 釆用序贯法测定取代苯酚羟基酸酯和得普利麻(Diprivan™)的麻醉的半数有 效量 ED5。。 试验中经小鼠尾静脉注射给药, 以小鼠前爪翻正反射(Forepaw Righting Reflex, FRR ) 消失作为判断麻醉的终点指标; 小鼠前爪翻正反射 恢复为麻醉恢复指标。结果表明:本发明药物试验组的 ED5。为 52mg/kg, 95 % 可信区间为 35~67mg/kg,得普利麻( Diprivan™ )对照组的 ED5。为 6. lmg/kg, 95%可信区间为 5.1 ~ 7.9mg/kg。 在 ED5。测定过程中, 观察到本发明试验药 物组的翻正反射消失时间为 45.3 ± 12.3秒,恢复时间为 235.6 ± 67.9秒,其 起效时间和恢复时间均略长于得普利麻(Diprivan™)对照组(起效时间为 19±3 秒, 恢复时间为 217.6±67.3秒)。 试验结果表明, 本发明的丙泊酚羟 基丁酸酯具有确切、 可逆的麻醉作用。
实施例 8
丙泊酚羟基戊酸酯的初步药效学试验:
将雌雄各半的昆明小鼠 60 只, 随机分为注射用本发明丙泊酚羟基戊酸 酯的试验药物组( n=30 )和阳性对照药物得普利麻( Diprivan™;)对照组( n=30 ), 采用序贯法测定取代苯酚羟基酸酯和得普利麻( Diprivan™ )的麻醉的半数有 效量 ED5。。 试验中经小鼠尾静脉注射给药, 以小鼠前爪翻正反射(Forepaw Righting Reflex, FRR) 消失作为判断麻醉的终点指标; 小鼠前爪翻正反射 恢复为麻醉恢复指标。 结果表明: 本发明试验药物的 ED5。为 60mg/kg, 95% 可信区间为 36~72(1^/1^,得普利麻(01 1"^&11"1)对照组的605。为 6.5mg/kg, 95%可信区间为 4.9 ~ 8. lmg/kg。 在 ED5。测定过程中, 观察到本发明试验药 物的翻正反射消失时间为 46.1 ± 9.5秒, 恢复时间为 256.1 ± 61.2秒, 其起 效时间和恢复时间均略长于得普利麻 (Diprivan™)对照组(起效时间为 21 ±4秒, 恢复时间为 210.4 ±56.6秒)。 试验结果表明, 本发明的丙泊酚羟基 戊酸酯也具有确切、 可逆的麻醉作用。 工业应用性
本发明的化合物, 使 2,6-二异丙基苯酚(丙泊酚)形成了其羟基酸酯衍 生物, 克服了丙泊酚结构中的羟基易被氧化的缺点, 具有在体外较稳定, 进 入体内能快速分解的特点, 因而可以在经静脉或静脉外途径对动物或人产生 镇静催眠和 /或麻醉作用的中枢抑制性药物中被应用,增加了丙泊酚前药的适 用范围, 具有积极的意义和良好的前景, 适于工业应用。

Claims

权利要求书
1.取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物, 结构如式( I )所示,
Figure imgf000010_0001
( I )
式中的 Y为 cr4的直链碳链。
2.如权利要求 1所述的化合物,其特征是所说的直链碳链 Y为饱和碳链。
3.如权利要求 2所述的化合物, 其特征是所说的直链碳链 Y为- CH2- CH2- 或- CH2- CH2-CH厂。
4.如权利要求 1至 3之一所述的化合物, 其特征是所说的直链碳链 Y上 至少有一个 H为包括曱基、 乙基、 环丙基、 羟基、 巯基、 氨基或取代氨基在 内的取代基所取代。
5.权利要求 1至 4所述取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物的制备方法, 其特征 是以 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚( II )为原料, 与二酸肝化合物( III )在去酸剂存在 和 4-二曱氨基吡啶催化下反应形成二酸单酯中间体( IV ), 或由 2, 6-二异丙 基苯酚( II )与二酸化合物( ΙΙ )在缩合剂 Ν, Ν-二环己基碳二酰亚胺和催 化量的 4-二曱氨基吡啶存在下, 反应生成二酸单酯中间体(IV ), 然后再由 二酸单酯中间体(IV )与硼氢化钠和碘反应, 得到相应的取代苯酚的羟基酸 酯化合物产物( I ), 所说二酸酐化合物( III ) 中的 Υ为 Cr40々直链碳链, 反 应过程^下:
Figure imgf000010_0002
( II ) (III) ( ΙΙΓ) ( IV ) ( I )
6.如权利要求 5所述的制备方法, 其特征是所说的去酸剂为吡1 或包括 三乙胺的叔胺类化合物。
7.如权利要求 5或 6所述的制备方法, 其特征是所说的制备过程在二氯 曱烷、 氯仿、 四氯化碳、 氯苯、 苯、 甲笨、 石油醚、 环己烷、 正己烷、 乙腈、 丙酮、 DMF、 DMS0、 四氢呋喃、 乙醚、 三乙胺或吡啶中的至少一种有机反应溶 剂中进行。
8.如权利要求 7所述的制备方法, 其特征是按下述方式进行:
1': 将 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚( II )溶解于三乙胺中, 加入二酸犴化合物 ( III )和催化量的 4-二曱氨基吡啶, 搅拌下充分反应后, 减压除去三乙胺, 加水后用酸调节 pH 至酸性析出沉淀, 分离沉淀, 得到 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚的 二酸单酯中间体(IV ), 或者是以 2, 6-二异丙基苯酚 ( II ) 为原料, 与等摩 尔的二酸化合物 (Π )在等摩尔 N, N-二环己基碳二酰亚胺缩合剂和催化量 的 4-二曱氨基吡啶存在下,于(TC-室温下充分反应后,滤除反应物中的沉淀, 滤液蒸除溶剂, 得到二酸单酯中间体( IV );
V : 将上步二酸单酯中间体(IV )与等摩尔量硼氢化钠于无水四氢呋 喃中混合, 搅拌下加入等摩尔量碘, 充分反应后减压蒸除四氢呋喃, 用有机 溶剂溶解并用水洗涤后, 除去有机溶剂, 得无色透明粘稠液体状的式( I ) 目标产物。
9.如权利要求 8所述的制备方法,其特征是所说相应的二酸化合物( III' ) 或二酸酐化合物(III ) 中的 Y为- CH厂 CH2-或- CH2-CH2-CH厂。
10. 权利要求 1所述取代苯酚的羟基酸酯化合物( I )在作为经静脉或 静脉外途径对动物或人产生镇静催眠和 /或麻醉作用的中枢抑制性药物中的 应用。
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JP2013530966A (ja) 2013-08-01
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CN101906039A (zh) 2010-12-08
US20130079405A1 (en) 2013-03-28
CN101906039B (zh) 2013-05-08
AU2010356055B2 (en) 2016-02-18
US9272978B2 (en) 2016-03-01
CA2801582A1 (en) 2011-12-29
AU2010356055A1 (en) 2013-01-10
CA2801582C (en) 2018-02-13
EP2586768B1 (en) 2018-06-27
JP5856156B2 (ja) 2016-02-09

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