WO2011114507A1 - 新設地下構造物の施工方法 - Google Patents
新設地下構造物の施工方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011114507A1 WO2011114507A1 PCT/JP2010/054796 JP2010054796W WO2011114507A1 WO 2011114507 A1 WO2011114507 A1 WO 2011114507A1 JP 2010054796 W JP2010054796 W JP 2010054796W WO 2011114507 A1 WO2011114507 A1 WO 2011114507A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- underground
- new
- existing
- underground structure
- fluidized soil
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/0007—Base structures; Cellars
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for constructing a new underground structure, and more particularly, to a method for constructing a new underground structure that can reduce the load of the new underground structure on the existing underground structure and reduce the construction cost.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method for newly installing an underground structure without dismantling the existing underground structure.
- a beam is installed at the center of the height of the existing underground outer wall on the first basement floor, and a load is applied to the beam with a jack in the direction of the outer wall. While removing the floor beam.
- This series of operations will be performed on each floor, a new wall will be placed inside the existing underground outer wall, a composite wall with the existing underground outer wall will be constructed, and then the floor beams will be removed. This series of work will be carried out on each floor to construct a new underground structure.
- JP 2005-201007 A JP 2005-201007 A
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is possible to reduce the load burden of a new underground structure related to an existing underground structure and to reduce the construction cost for constructing the new underground structure.
- the purpose is to provide a construction method.
- the present invention provides a new underground structure construction method in which a new underground structure is constructed without dismantling and removing the existing underground structure, and a fluidized soil is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the existing underground structure.
- the present invention provides a construction method for a new underground structure characterized by filling a fluidized soil wall to construct a new concrete frame on the inner peripheral surface of the fluidized soil wall.
- the present invention provides a construction method for a new underground structure that constructs a new underground structure using a part of the existing underground structure without dismantling and removing the existing underground structure, A first formwork is erected on the inner peripheral surface of the existing underground structure at a predetermined interval from the existing underground structure, and a fluidized soil is filled between the existing underground structure and the first formwork. A fluidized soil wall is constructed, a second mold body is erected on the inner peripheral surface of the fluidized soil wall with a predetermined distance from the fluidized soil wall, and the fluidized soil wall and the second mold frame
- the present invention provides a construction method for a new underground structure characterized by constructing a new concrete frame by placing concrete between the bodies.
- first frame body and the second frame body are maintained in a standing state by a separator, and the first frame body and the second frame body are: It is desirable to be a formwork panel formed by bending and cutting a steel plate-shaped material into a substantially rectangular front shape and a substantially square wave cross section.
- the new underground structure formed on the existing underground structure is constructed by the fluidized soil wall and the new concrete structure. It is possible to reduce the amount of concrete used compared to building with a frame alone. Moreover, since the fluidized soil has a specific gravity lower than that of concrete, it is possible to reduce the load burden of the newly installed underground structure related to the existing underground structure.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing the structure of an underground structure constructed by the construction method according to the present embodiment.
- the underground structure constructed by the construction method according to the present embodiment is a newly installed basement having a basement that can be used as a living space and an underground pit that is an underground facility for housing piping facilities and the like. It is a structure and is constructed such that the fluidized soil wall 300 is sandwiched between the existing underground concrete frame 200 and the newly installed underground concrete frame 400.
- the underground pit in the underground structure is an underground space for accommodating piping facilities and the like, and if there is a space for accommodating the piping facilities and the like in the basement, there is no need to provide an underground pit.
- the underground structure shown in FIG. 1 is an underground structure having only the first floor underground, but the number of underground floors may be any number, and even in that case, there is no change in the configuration and construction method. Absent.
- the pillars etc. that have built the structure are dismantled and removed, and only the existing underground concrete frame 200 consisting of the existing beam 201, existing bearing wall 202, and existing foundation (foundation / underground beam) 203 Remains in the form.
- the fluidized soil wall 300 is constructed inside the existing underground concrete frame 200.
- This fluidized soil wall 300 is constructed by filling a fluidized soil (a fluidized backfilling material that can be pumped with a slurry-like backfilled soil previously mixed with cement at a factory). .
- a fluidized soil a fluidized backfilling material that can be pumped with a slurry-like backfilled soil previously mixed with cement at a factory.
- the formwork panel 500 is driven into the existing underground concrete frame 200 at a predetermined interval, and this standing state is held by the separator 501 and fluidized between the formwork panel 500 and the existing underground concrete frame 200.
- the fluidized soil wall 300 is constructed by filling and solidifying the soil.
- a new frame that is, a new underground concrete frame 400 is constructed inside the fluidized soil wall 300.
- the new underground concrete frame 400 is composed of a new slab 401, a new beam 402, and a new wall 403 that form the floor of the basement and the ceiling of the underground pit.
- a new formwork panel 600 is driven inside the fluidized soil wall 300 at a predetermined interval, and the formwork panel 600 and the above-described formwork panel 500 of the fluidized soil wall 300 are separated from each other. It connects with 601 and hold
- FIG. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the configuration of the formwork panels 500 and 600 used in the underground structure construction method according to the present embodiment.
- formwork panels 500 and 600 are buried formwork panels formed by bending and cutting a steel plate-like material into a substantially rectangular front shape and a substantially square wave shape in cross section. It is.
- this formwork panel 500 a panel steel plate is bent into a substantially square wave cross section, whereby a plurality of parallel protrusions 11 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval to reinforce the strength of the panel itself.
- the panel cross section into an equilateral angular wave shape, it is possible to exhibit particularly excellent strength against the force from the front or back side.
- the direction in which the ridges 11 are formed is the length direction of the mold panel 500, and the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the mold panel 500 is the width direction.
- the ridge 11 is composed of an upper surface 31 and two side surfaces 32 that are connected in the width direction of the upper surface 31.
- a plurality of ribs 12 having a convex section in the width direction and grooves 16 having a concave section in the width direction are repeatedly formed in parallel to the convex lines 11 at predetermined intervals on the concave surface between the convex lines 11. Yes.
- a predetermined length of the notch 13 is parallel to the ridge 11 at a predetermined interval. It is provided in the form of a broken line.
- a corner portion of the mold can be formed by bending the mold panel 500 along a line of the dashed cuts 13 at a predetermined angle. Further, the mold panel 500 can be easily cut into a desired size by repeatedly bending the mold panel 500 several times in the forward and reverse directions along the line of the dashed cuts 13. Yes.
- This notch 13 is a notch having a minute width and a predetermined length penetrating the front and back of the formwork panel 500. This incision 13 is such that excess water contained in the concrete or fluidized soil can be discharged from the notch 13 after placing concrete or filling with fluidized soil. It is formed with a width (gap) and length that does not leak.
- a plurality of lid-shaped lid portions 14 are provided on the upper surface 31 side of the ridge 11.
- the lid portion 14 is opened to form a separator insertion hole.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the XX cross section of FIG.
- the new underground structure has a structure in which a fluidized soil wall 300 is provided between an existing underground concrete frame 200 and a new underground concrete frame 400.
- the formwork panel 500 is driven, and then the anchor 307 is driven into the existing underground concrete frame 200, and the separator 501 is connected to the anchor 307 thus driven,
- the mold panel 500 is held in an upright state, and in this state, the fluidized soil is filled.
- washers 301 and 302 having both ends bent are provided.
- the washer 301 is provided on the back side (the existing underground concrete frame 200 side) of the form panel 500 and is fastened to the form panel 500 by a nut 303.
- the washer 302 is provided on the surface side of the formwork panel 500 (on the new underground concrete frame 400 side).
- the washer 302 is a washer that is long in the longitudinal direction, and is fastened by a long nut 304 to the tip of the separator 501 protruding from the formwork panel 500.
- the fluidized soil wall 300 is constructed by filling the fluidized soil between the existing underground concrete frame 200 and the formwork panel 500.
- the formwork panel 600 is newly driven inside the fluidized soil wall 300 at a predetermined interval, and the formwork panel 600 and the formwork panel 500 of the fluidized soil wall 300
- the separators 601 are connected to maintain the standing state, and concrete is placed between the formwork panel 500 and the new formwork panel 600 of the fluidized soil wall 300 and constructed.
- one end of the separator 601 is connected to the long nut 304, the other end is connected to the formwork panel 600, the standing state of the formwork panel 600 is maintained, and a pipe 305 is provided on the surface side of the formwork panel 600.
- This is fixed with a home tie 306. In this state, by placing concrete between the formwork panel 500 and the formwork panel 600, a new underground concrete frame 400 is constructed.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the construction procedure of the underground structure
- FIGS. 6 to 11 are diagrams showing the construction method of the underground structure according to this embodiment performed based on this enforcement procedure.
- the construction method of the underground structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 11 based on the flowchart showing the construction procedure of FIG. Fig. 6 (a) is a view after removing a part of the existing underground concrete frame, and Fig. 6 (b) is a part of the existing underground concrete frame, and then carrying earth and sand into the underground pit.
- Fig. 7 (a) is a diagram in which earth and sand are carried into the existing underground concrete frame
- FIG. 7 (b) is a diagram in which a new pile is installed on a part of the foundation
- Fig. 8 ( Fig. 8 (a) is a diagram in which the existing load-bearing wall and the existing beams are removed from the earth and sand that have been backfilled to a depth that can withstand earth pressure, and a cut-up beam erection is installed.
- Fig. 9 (a) is a diagram with a concrete frame of a new pressure-resistant panel installed in the underground pit
- Fig. 9 (b) is a diagram showing a new concrete foundation and slab in the underground pit.
- FIG. 10 (a) is a diagram for dismantling and dismantling the erection of the beam for retaining the mountain.
- FIG. 10 (a) is a diagram for dismantling and dismantling the erection of the beam for retaining the mountain.
- FIG. 10 (b) is a diagram in which a fluidized soil wall is provided in the basement
- FIG. 11 (a) is a diagram in which a formwork panel for a new concrete frame is assembled in the basement
- FIG. ) Is a diagram of a new concrete frame installed in the basement.
- the existing underground concrete frame 200 is a mountain retaining wall for supporting earth pressure from the ground with the existing beam 201, the existing bearing wall 202, and the existing foundation 203 as continuous existing outer walls. Use.
- step S101 earth and sand.
- This backfilling operation can reduce the burden of earth pressure on the existing underground concrete frame 200 used as the retaining wall. Further, the backfilling operation makes it possible to secure a work place for a heavy machine (not shown) on the ground and to support the weight of the heavy machine. With this heavy machine, as shown in FIG.
- the new pile 405a can be installed in the hole 405 that has been opened in advance (step S102).
- This new pile 405a is for supporting the weight of a new frame (mainly a new wall) constructed inside the existing underground concrete frame 200.
- the installation of the new pile 405a is not necessary depending on the pressure resistance performance of the existing foundation 203 and the existing pressure board 208 of the existing underground concrete frame 200 and the ground strength which is the supporting force of the ground.
- the erection of the retaining beam for the mountain retaining is performed.
- 406 is installed in a part of the existing beam 201 (step S104).
- a retaining H steel having an H-shaped cross section is used for the retaining beam erection 406 for the retaining ring.
- the earth pressure applied to the existing underground concrete frame 200 can be reduced by the raised beam 406 for retaining the mountain.
- the remaining earth and sand used for backfilling is removed (step S105).
- the fluidized soil wall is formed in the underground pit in a state in which the earth pressure from the surrounding underground is supported by the existing underground concrete frame 200 and the erection 406 of the mountain retaining beam.
- Build 300 In order to construct the fluidized soil wall 300, first, a plurality of anchors 307 are driven into the existing foundation 203 serving as a wall of an underground pit, and a separator 501 is connected to each of the anchors 307 (step S106). Next, the above-mentioned formwork panel 500 is assembled so as to conform to the shape inside the existing underground concrete frame 200, and this formwork panel 500 is held upright by the separator 501 (step S107). Further, the mold panel 500 and the separator 501 are fixed by fastening with the washers 301 and 302 and the nut 303 as described above.
- the fluidized soil wall 300 is built in the underground pit by filling and hardening the fluidized soil between the existing foundation 203 and the formwork panel 500 (step S108).
- the fluidized soil to be used is a slurry-like back-filled soil in which cement is mixed and managed in advance in a factory, and is a back-filled soil that can be transported by a ready-mixed concrete mixer and pumped. Then, when the fluidized soil wall 300 is constructed, by using the formwork panel 500, excess moisture can be discharged by the cuts 13 provided in the formwork panel 500, and the fluidized soil is hardened. It is possible to shorten the time.
- a reinforcing bar (not shown) for constructing the new pressure resistant board 407 is assembled on the existing pressure resistant board 208 in the underground pit (step S109), and the new pressure resistant board 407 is constructed. Concrete to be placed is placed (step S110).
- a formwork panel 600 is installed inside the fluidized soil wall 300 (steps). S111).
- a reinforcing bar is assembled inside the fluidized soil wall 300 (step S112), the separator 601 is connected to the separator 501 protruding from the formwork panel 500, and the assembled formwork panel 600 is held upright by the separator 601. .
- the formwork panel 600 is provided so as to have a slab shape while the formwork panel 600 is supported by a support column. At this time, since the formwork panel 600 can be easily bent along the notches 13 provided in the formwork panel 600, the formwork panel 600 can be assembled into a slab shape.
- the formwork panel 600 held in an upright state and the formwork panel 600 assembled in a slab shape are installed so as to be connected to each other.
- the formwork panel 600 installed in this way is placed on the surface side of the formwork panel 600 as described above.
- a pipe 305 that is 600 long in the longitudinal direction is fixed by a home tie 306.
- a new slab 401 and a new foundation 404 are constructed by placing concrete (step S113). Thereby, the new concrete foundation frame 400 can be constructed in the underground pit.
- the notch 13 provided in the formwork panel 600 prevents the concrete from leaking and discharges excess moisture in the concrete when the concrete is placed. it can.
- the cut beam protuberance 406 for retaining beams installed on the existing beam 201 is dismantled and removed (step S114), and as shown in FIG. A fluidized soil wall 300 is constructed.
- a plurality of anchors 307 are driven into the existing beams 201 and the existing bearing walls 202 of the existing underground concrete frame 200, and the separators 501 are connected to the respective anchors 307 (step S115).
- the formwork panel 500 is assembled so as to be connected to the formwork panel 500 installed in the underground pit, and the standing state is held by the separator 501 (step S116). At this time, the formwork panel 500 and the separator 501 are fastened and fixed by the washers 301 and 302 and the nut 303.
- the fluidized soil is filled between the existing underground concrete frame 200 and the formwork panel 500 to construct the fluidized soil wall 300 (step S117).
- the fluidized soil wall 300 constructed in the underground pit and the fluidized soil wall 300 constructed in the basement are constructed as one continuous wall.
- the load of the fluidized soil wall 300 is supported by a part of the existing beam 201, the existing bearing wall 202, and the existing foundation 203 constituting the existing underground concrete frame 200.
- step S121 rebars for the new slab 401 are assembled (step S121), and concrete is placed between the fluidized soil wall 300 and the formwork panel 600 (step S122).
- step S122 the new concrete frame 400 for basements can be constructed.
- the new concrete frame 400 constructed in the underground pit and the new concrete frame 400 constructed in the basement are continuous new concrete frames, and the load of this frame is supported by the new pile 405a.
- the construction method of the underground structure uses the existing underground concrete frame as a retaining wall without dismantling the existing underground concrete frame, and a fluidized soil wall and a new installation.
- a new underground structure can be constructed by building a concrete frame.
- the fluidized soil wall built inside the existing underground concrete frame and the new concrete frame are independent from each other across the formwork panel, and the load of the fluidized soil wall is different from that of the existing underground concrete frame. It can be supported by the contacted portion, and the load of the new concrete frame can be supported by a pre-installed new pile or the foundation part of an existing underground concrete frame.
- the load of the fluidized soil wall and the new concrete frame can be dispersed and supported on the existing underground concrete frame, the load supported by the existing underground concrete frame can be reduced.
- the load supported by the existing underground concrete frame can be reduced.
- the thickness of the new underground concrete frame can be reduced, the amount of concrete can be reduced.
- the formwork panel according to the present embodiment can reinforce the strength of the panel itself because a plurality of parallel ridges are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals by bending the panel steel plate into a substantially square wave shape in cross section. it can. Thereby, even when fluidized soil is filled or when concrete is cast, it can sufficiently withstand the lateral pressure applied to the formwork panel. And the notch of the predetermined length provided in this formwork panel makes it easy to bend the formwork panel itself, and it is possible to promote the discharge of excess moisture while preventing the fluidized soil and concrete from leaking out. . As a result, it is possible to speed up the construction of the fluidized soil wall and the newly installed underground concrete frame while facilitating the bending of the formwork panel at the corner.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an AA cross section of the formwork panel shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an XX cross section of the underground structure shown in FIG. 1.
- It is the schematic of the construction method of the newly installed underground structure which concerns on this embodiment.
- It is the schematic of the construction method of the newly installed underground structure which concerns on this embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1で提案されている地下構造物の施工法は、まず、地下1階の既存地下外壁の階高中央部に切梁を設置し、ジャッキで外壁方向に向かって切梁に負荷をかけながら、床梁を撤去する。この一連の作業を各階で行い、既存地下外壁の内側に新設壁を打設し、既存地下外壁との合成壁を構築し、その後、床梁を撤去する。この一連の作業を各階で行い、新設地下構造物の施工を行う。
図1は、本実施形態に係る施工方法によって構築される地下構造物の構造を示す縦断側面図である。
なお、この地下構造物における地下ピットは、配管設備等を収容するための地下空間であって、配管設備等を地下室に収容する空間があれば、地下ピットを設ける必要はない。また、図1に示す地下構造物では、地下1階のみの地下構造物となっているが、地下の階数は何階あってもよく、その場合においても構成及び施工方法には何の変わりはない。
図2に示すように、型枠パネル500,600は、鋼製の板形状の材質を、正面略方形状かつ断面略角波形状に折り曲げ、切断加工して成形した埋め殺し型の型枠パネルである。この型枠パネル500は、パネル鋼板を断面略角波形状に折り曲げることで、互いに平行な複数の凸条11が所定間隔で並設され、パネル自体の強度を補強している。また、パネル断面を等辺角波型に成形することで、特に表面又は裏面側からの力に対して優れた強度を発揮することができる。
なお、本実施形態において、この凸条11の形成方向を型枠パネル500の長さ方向とし、型枠パネル500においてその長さ方向に垂直な方向を幅方向とする。
さらに、凸条11のパネル幅方向の両端、すなわち、リブ12とそのリブ12に隣接する溝部16との間の境界線上には、所定長の切込み13が、所定間隔で凸条11と平行に破線状に設けられている。この破線状の切込み13の列に沿って型枠パネル500を所定の角度に折り曲げることにより、型枠のコーナー部を形成することができるようになっている。また、この破線状の切込み13の列に沿って、型枠パネル500を正逆方向に数回繰り返し折り曲げることにより、型枠パネル500を所望のサイズに容易に切断することができるようになっている。
図に示すように、新設地下構造物は、既存地下コンクリート躯体200と、新設地下コンクリート躯体400との間に流動化ソイル壁300を有する構造となっている。
流動化ソイル壁300を構築するには、まず、型枠パネル500を打ち込み、次に、既存地下コンクリート躯体200にアンカー307を打ち込み、この打ち込まれたアンカー307にセパレータ501を連結し、このセパレータ501によって型枠パネル500を起立状態に保持し、この状態にあって流動化ソイルを充填して構築する。
以下、図5の施工手順を示すフローチャートに基づき、図6~図11を参照しつつ、地下構造物の施工方法について説明する。
なお、図6(a)は、既存地下コンクリート躯体の一部を撤去した後の図であり、図6(b)は、既存地下コンクリート躯体の一部を撤去した後、地下ピットへ土砂を搬入した図であり、図7(a)は、既存地下コンクリート躯体内へ土砂を搬入した図であり、図7(b)は、基礎の一部に新設杭を設置した図であり、図8(a)は、既存耐力壁と、既存梁とが土圧に耐える深さまで埋め戻しした土砂を取り除き、山留め用切梁腹起しの設置を行う図であり、図8(b)は、地下ピットに流動化ソイル壁を設けた図であり、図9(a)は、地下ピットに新設耐圧盤のコンクリート躯体を設けた図であり、図9(b)は、地下ピットに新設コンクリート基礎、スラブを設けた図であり、図10(a)は、山留め用切梁腹起しの解体撤去を行う図であり、図10(b)は、地下室に流動化ソイル壁を設けた図であり、図11(a)は、地下室に新設コンクリート躯体用の型枠パネルを組み立てた図であり、図11(b)は、地下室に新設コンクリート躯体を設けた図である。
まず、図6(a)に示すように、地上部分の構造物を撤去した後に、既存地下コンクリート躯体200の地下室及び地下ピットに構築された既存柱204を解体撤去し、地下室及び地下ピットのスラブ205,206を解体により開口を設け(既存梁201を残し解体して土圧を受ける場合もある)、既存耐圧盤208の一部を解体して開口を設ける(ステップS100)。そして、既存柱204の解体撤去により、地下室及び地下ピットに新設躯体を構築するための空間を確保するとともに、既存梁201を残してスラブ205,206を解体して開口を設け、作業現場の確保を行う。
なお、本実施形態において、既存地下コンクリート躯体200は、既存梁201と、既存耐力壁202と、既存基礎203とを連続した既存外壁として、地中からの土圧を支持するための山留め壁として利用する。
次に、図6(b)に示すように、スラブ205,206を、既存梁201を残して解体して設けられた開口から既存地下コンクリート躯体200の地下ピット内に土砂を搬入し、図7(a)に示すように、地下室内に土砂を搬入して、既存地下コンクリート躯体200内を土砂で埋め戻しを行う(ステップS101)。この埋め戻し作業により、山留め壁として利用している既存地下コンクリート躯体200にかかる土圧の負担を軽減することができる。また、埋め戻し作業によって、地上部分に重機(図示せず)の作業場所の確保と、重機の重量の支持が可能となり、この重機により、図7(b)に示すように、既存耐圧盤208に予め開けられた穴部405に新設杭405aの設置を行うことができる(ステップS102)。この新設杭405aは、既存地下コンクリート躯体200の内側に構築する新設躯体(主に新設する壁)の重量を支持するためのものである。
なお、新設杭405aの設置は、既存地下コンクリート躯体200の既存基礎203と既存耐圧盤208の耐圧性能と地盤の支持力である地耐力によっては必要ない。
次に、図8(a)に示すように、新設杭405aの設置後、埋め戻しに使用した土砂を地下室内及び地下ピット内から既存耐力壁202と既存梁201が土圧に耐える深さまで埋め戻しした土砂を取り除き(ステップS103)、残存する既存梁201を撤去する。次に、既存梁201の解体撤去と埋め戻しに使用した土砂の取り除きによって、周囲の地中から既存地下コンクリート200にかかる土圧が増大するために、一時的な補助として山留め用切梁腹起し406を既存梁201の一部分へ設置する(ステップS104)。山留め用切梁腹起し406は、断面がH形の山留めH鋼を使用する。これにより、既存地下コンクリート躯体200へかかる土圧を山留め用切梁腹起し406によって低減させることができる。山留め用切梁腹起し406の設置後に、残りの埋め戻しに使用した土砂を取り除く(ステップS105)。
次に、図8(b)に示すように、周囲の地中からの土圧を既存地下コンクリート躯体200と山留め用切梁腹起し406とで支持した状態で、地下ピットに流動化ソイル壁300を構築する。この流動化ソイル壁300を構築するために、まず、地下ピットの壁となっている既存基礎203に複数のアンカー307を打ち込み、このアンカー307のそれぞれにセパレータ501を連結させる(ステップS106)。次に、前述した型枠パネル500を既存地下コンクリート躯体200の内側の形状に合わせるようにして組立て、この型枠パネル500をセパレータ501によって起立状態を保持させる(ステップS107)。また、型枠パネル500とセパレータ501とは、前述したとおり、座金301,302とナット303とで締結することで固定されている。
次に、図9(a)に示すように、地下ピットの既存耐圧盤208上に新設耐圧盤407を構築するための鉄筋(図示せず)を組立て(ステップS109)、新設耐圧盤407を構築するためのコンクリートを打設する(ステップS110)。次に、図9(b)に示すように、新設スラブ401及び新設基礎(基礎・地中梁)404を構築するために、流動化ソイル壁300の内側に型枠パネル600を設置する(ステップS111)。まず、流動化ソイル壁300の内側に鉄筋を組立て(ステップS112)、セパレータ601を型枠パネル500から突出したセパレータ501に連結させ、このセパレータ601によって組み立てた型枠パネル600を起立状態に保持させる。また、地下ピット用の新設スラブ401を構築するために、型枠パネル600を支持柱で支持しながら、スラブの形状となるように、型枠パネル600を設ける。この時、型枠パネル600に設けられている切込み13に沿って容易に型枠パネル600を折り曲げることができるため、スラブ形状に型枠パネル600を組み立てることができる。また、起立状態に保持された型枠パネル600とスラブ形状に組み立てた型枠パネル600とは、互いに連設するようにして設置されている。
次に、図10(a)に示すように、既存梁201に設置されている山留め用切梁腹起し406を解体撤去し(ステップS114)、図10(b)に示すように、地下室に流動化ソイル壁300を構築する。
まず、既存地下コンクリート躯体200の既存梁201と既存耐力壁202とに、複数のアンカー307を打ち込み、それぞれのアンカー307にセパレータ501を連結させる(ステップS115)。次に、地下ピットに設置した型枠パネル500に連設するようにして型枠パネル500を組立て、セパレータ501によって起立状態を保持させる(ステップS116)。この時、型枠パネル500と、セパレータ501とは、座金301,302と、ナット303とで締結して固定される。
次に、図11(a)に示すように、地下ピットに構築した新設地下コンクリート躯体400の上部に、まず、新設地下コンクリート躯体400となる柱、梁、壁、床を構築するための鉄筋を組み立てる(ステップS118)。次に、地下室用に構築した流動化ソイル壁300の型枠パネル500から突出したセパレータ501にセパレータ601を連結させ(ステップS119)、このセパレータ601によって型枠パネル600を起立状態に保持させる。そして、地下室用の新設スラブ401及び新設梁402を構築するための型枠パネル600を組み立てる(ステップS120)。この型枠パネル600は、支持柱によって支持されている。
なお、起立状態に保持された型枠パネル600と、スラブ及び梁の形状に組み立てられた型枠パネル600とは、連続した型枠パネル600となるように連結させて組み立てる。
そして、既存地下コンクリート躯体の内側に構築される流動化ソイル壁と、新設コンクリート躯体とは、型枠パネルを挟んで、それぞれが独立しており、流動化ソイル壁の荷重は既存地下コンクリート躯体と接している部分で支持することができ、新設コンクリート躯体の荷重は、事前に設けられた新設杭や既存地下コンクリート躯体の基礎部分で支持することができる。
また、既存地下コンクリート躯体と新設地下コンクリート躯体との間に流動化ソイル壁を設けることで、本来、既存地下コンクリート躯体に直接、新設地下コンクリート躯体を設ける工法に対し、流動化ソイル壁の存在により新設地下コンクリート躯体の厚さを薄くすることができるため、コンクリートの量を減らすことができる。
12 リブ
13 切込み
14 蓋部
16 溝部
31 上面
32 側面
200 既存地下コンクリート躯体
201 既存梁
202 既存耐力壁
203 既存基礎(基礎・地中梁)
204 既存柱
205、206 スラブ
208 既存耐圧盤
300 流動化ソイル壁
301、302 座金
303 ナット
304 長ナット
305 パイプ
306 ホームタイ
307 アンカー
400 新設地下コンクリート躯体
401 新設スラブ
402 新設梁
403 新設壁
404 新設基礎(基礎・地中梁)
405 新設穴
405a 新設杭
406 山留め用切梁腹起し
407 新設耐圧盤
500、600 型枠パネル
501、601 セパレータ
Claims (4)
- 既存地下躯体を全て解体撤去することなく新設地下躯体を構築する新設地下構造物の施工方法において、
該既存地下躯体の内周面に流動化ソイルを充填して流動化ソイル壁を構築し、該流動化ソイル壁の内周面に新設コンクリート躯体を構築することを特徴とする新設地下構造物の施工方法。 - 既存地下躯体を全て解体撤去することなく該既存地下躯体の一部を利用して新設地下躯体を構築する新設地下構造物の施工方法において、
該既存地下躯体の内周面に該既存地下躯体と所定間隔をもって第1の型枠体を立設し、
該既存地下躯体と該第1の型枠体の間に流動化ソイルを充填して流動化ソイル壁を構築し、
該流動化ソイル壁の内周面に該流動化ソイル壁と所定間隔をもって第2の型枠体を立設し、
該流動化ソイル壁と該第2の型枠体の間にコンクリートを打設して新設コンクリート躯体を構築する、
ことを特徴とする新設地下構造物の施工方法。 - 前記第1の枠体と前記第2の枠体は、セパレータによってその立設状態が保持されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の新設地下構造物の施工方法。
- 前記第1の枠体と前記第2の枠体は、鋼製の板形状の材質を正面略方形状かつ断面略角波形状に折り曲げ切断加工して成形した型枠パネルであることを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の新設地下構造物の施工方法。
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PCT/JP2010/054796 WO2011114507A1 (ja) | 2010-03-19 | 2010-03-19 | 新設地下構造物の施工方法 |
US13/635,512 US20130008125A1 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2010-03-19 | Construction method for new underground structure |
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