WO2011075947A1 - 一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造 - Google Patents

一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011075947A1
WO2011075947A1 PCT/CN2010/002057 CN2010002057W WO2011075947A1 WO 2011075947 A1 WO2011075947 A1 WO 2011075947A1 CN 2010002057 W CN2010002057 W CN 2010002057W WO 2011075947 A1 WO2011075947 A1 WO 2011075947A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
door
window
insulation
wall
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PCT/CN2010/002057
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴淑环
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哈尔滨吴淑环建设工程技术研究有限公司
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Publication of WO2011075947A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011075947A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7641—Elements for window or door openings, or for corners of the building
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/003—Cavity wall closers; Fastening door or window frames in cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/04—Frames for doors, windows, or the like to be fixed in openings
    • E06B1/34—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
    • E06B1/342—Reveal covering members disposed alongside of a window frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall door and window opening structure, in particular to a composite thermal insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge structure.
  • the purpose of heat preservation of the energy-saving building envelope is to limit the heat transfer between the indoor and outdoor through the insulation measures of the envelope structure, and reduce the energy consumption required to ensure the heating or cooling of the comfortable indoor thermal environment.
  • the exterior wall of a building in a heating area is like our cotton coat.
  • the outer wall of a building in a hot summer area is like the outer casing of a refrigerator.
  • the energy-saving insulation wall is to improve the insulation effect of the traditional wall by adding the insulation layer, and to limit the heat transfer between indoor and outdoor, but the heat bridge which has been difficult to eliminate for a long time has become the bottleneck of the energy-saving technology of the barrier wall.
  • Figure 1 shows the insulation of the sidewalls of the door and window openings compared to the front of the wall when the doors and windows are installed in the middle of the base wall. The layer thickness is much thinner, and the thermal wall that is lost on the side of the hole is more front.
  • Figure 2 shows the door and window installed at the outer corner of the base wall. The outer corner of the base wall is shorter than the outdoor distance, and the heat is lost at the corner of the hole. The length of the arrow in Figure 1 and Figure 2 is the thickness of the thermal insulation layer.
  • the value of the heat bridge of Figure 14 and Figure 15 is given in the “Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Heilongjiang Republic”.
  • the thermal bridge of O.lw/mk when the thickness of the insulation layer is not less than 120mm, the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hole is 0.1 lw/mk! Due to the large number of door and window openings, the thermal bridge has a great influence. See the values in Table 1.
  • the value of the attached table is based on the 0.2m concrete wall, 3.6m opening, layer height 2.8m, the average heat transfer coefficient of the EPS board thin plastering wall in different window and wall ratios and different EPS board thickness.
  • the data in the table does not include the influence of the outer bridge overhanging plate and other thermal bridges on the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall.
  • the effect of the heat bridge on the energy-saving insulation of the wall at the door and window is illustrated by the following metaphor:
  • the hot bridge at the hole is like a neck or a hole in the wall. When the weather is very cold, it is necessary to enclose a woolen scarf and a hole in the wall to block the hole.
  • the effect of the balcony bridge thermal bridge on the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is about 0.05w/m 2 .k (assuming the length of the balcony board occupies the length of the external wall 40 ⁇ 50% calculation), EPS board thin plastering insulation wall cavity heat bridge and balcony board thermal bridge always increase the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is about 0.15 ⁇ 0.2w/m 2 .k. Therefore, in order to meet the “Design Standard for 65% Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Heilongjiang province”, the heat transfer coefficient and the required insulation thickness of the main wall EPS board thin plastering insulation are obtained. See Appendix 2.
  • the main wall in the second table is 0.2mm concrete wall
  • the data includes the thermal bridge of the thermal insulation balcony board (according to the length of the balcony, the length of the external wall is 40 ⁇ 50%, the window-to-wall ratio is 0.3, according to the thermal balcony of the thermal insulation balcony board and
  • the influence of the hot bridge at the entrance on the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is 0.15w/m 2 .k ; if the ratio of window to wall is 0.5, the influence of the thermal bridge and the thermal bridge on the wall of the thermal insulation on the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is not less than 0.25w. /m 2 .k, the heat transfer coefficient of the main wall should be 0.1 w/m 2 .k smaller than the table, and it is even less likely to achieve energy saving goals.
  • the average heat transfer coefficient limit ratio of the wall in severe cold (A) area is also reduced by 0.05w/m 2 .k.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the main wall should be more difficult to achieve. It can be seen from the attached table 1 and the attached table 2 that when the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall below 8 floors requires no more than 0.4 w/m 2 .k, the house needs to be bonded with the benzene board insulation layer because of the influence of the balcony bridge thermal bridge.
  • the thickness of 0.2 ⁇ 0.3m not only increases the cost, but also wastes precious land resources. It is difficult for investors to accept it, and the actual application is subject to resistance, which affects the realization of national energy conservation and emission reduction targets. At present, all wall energy-saving insulation technologies do not solve the problem of the door window thermal bridge. 2.
  • the sandwich thermal insulation wall has a thermal bridge of foam concrete along the circumference of the building, and the outer wall is like a cotton coat.
  • Each layer of the sandwich thermal insulation wall has a non-insulated waist belt - concrete picking plate.
  • Figure 3 shows the heat loss route (shown in the curve) of the sandwich thermal insulation wall of the pick-up plate at the thermal bridge of the pick-up plate.
  • the outer end of the hot plate of the picking plate is pasted with the heat insulating strip as shown in Fig.
  • the extension of the heat bridge is small, and the improvement of the heat preservation is hardly effective.
  • the linear heat transfer coefficient of the cantilevered panel with a thickness of 120mm is not insulated. Assume that the thickness of the picking plate is 80mm, and the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hot plate of the picking plate is about 0.43w/ Mk.
  • the influence of the thermal bridge on the average heat transfer coefficient of the 2.8m high-rise building is analyzed. According to the window-wall ratio of 0.3, the thickness of the EPS board on the balcony board is 100mm, and the thermal insulation of the sandwich heat-insulating wall increases the average heat transfer of the wall.
  • the coefficient is about 0.15 ⁇ 0.2w/m 2 .k, plus the thermal bridge around the hole. (Because of the unsafe calculation, the linear heat transfer coefficient of the thermal bridge of the thin plastering hole of the EPS board is still estimated), and the wall is added according to the total.
  • the average heat transfer coefficient is about 0.25 ⁇ 0.3w/m 2 .k ! (but the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is increased by about 0.35w/m 2 when the window wall is higher than 0.5. Since it is more difficult to achieve, the value of the third table has been explained. If the problem is not taken, this value will not be taken.
  • the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall in the severe cold (B) zone specified in the energy-saving design judgment table for residential buildings can be obtained.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the main wall sandwich insulation should be about, see Appendix 3.
  • Schedule 3 assumes that the concrete wall is 0.2m thick, the opening is 3.6m, the layer is 2.8m, and the window-to-wall ratio is 0.3.
  • the data contains the thermal insulation of the balcony and the thermal conductivity of the wall. Impact ⁇
  • the average heat transfer coefficient limit ratio of the wall in the severe cold (A) area is also reduced by 0.05w/m 2 , which is more difficult to achieve.
  • the thermal bridge of the sandwich insulation wall should be much larger than the thermal bridge of the EPS board thin plastering insulation wall.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the main wall in Table 3 should not be satisfied, and then consider the sandwich insulation. It is also meaningless that the thermal bridge of the wall cavity is larger than the heat bridge of the thin plastering hole.
  • the thickness of the sandwich insulation intermediate insulation layer should not exceed lOOmm, so it is impossible to meet the requirements of the average heat transfer coefficient limit of the wall.
  • thermal insulation block wall is close to the thermal bridge of the splicing plate and the hole and the thermal bridge of the sandwich thermal insulation wall, but the following problems still exist:
  • the thermal insulation layer is divided into the broken thermal insulation block wall by sand, slag, ceramsite, cement, etc. From the purpose of the transmission of the heat-insulating capacity, the structure is unreasonable. How thick is the thermal insulation block wall of the main wall part in the severe cold area to meet the requirements of the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall in the second table? If the insulation effect of EPS board and XPS board is compared with cotton or down, then some materials with higher thermal conductivity can be compared to old cotton or catkins. The insulation block can be compared to the slag, sand and cement in the down or cotton. Wall or material. '
  • the inner thermal insulation wall has a thermal bridge and a hot bridge along the perimeter of the building.
  • the thickness of the slab must be greater than the thickness of the slab, and the indoor thermal insulation bridge is also added.
  • the thickness of the indoor partition wall masonry in the multi-storey building is 0.37m, 0.24. m, high-rise building concrete wall with a thickness of about 0.2 ⁇ 0.3m.
  • the thermal bridge of the inner thermal insulation wall is far more affected than the thermal insulation of the sandwich thermal insulation wall!
  • Prefabricated wallboard not only has hot bridges at the entrance, but also has joint thermal bridges.
  • the joint bridge has a great influence on the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall. Even the joints are cracked and exposed, the indoor floor is lifted, and the wall condensation Long hair engineering examples already exist.
  • the sandwich insulation wall (EPS board 100mm), the steel mesh frame insulation wall (EPS board I00mm), the 300mm thick insulation block wall and the internal insulation wall designed according to the energy saving 50% can not meet the wall of the residential building.
  • the average heat transfer does not exceed the requirements of energy-saving walls below 0.75w/ffl 2 .k.
  • the actual construction results of buildings built according to the energy-saving 50% standard reached 37% energy saving and 30% energy saving.
  • the wall with more thermal bridges affects the realization of this energy saving goal.
  • Not only China is like this, but some countries in the world are also adopting internal insulation or sandwich insulation wall technology.
  • the heat bridge has increased the difficulty of the architect's design calculation, and because of the high heat transfer capacity of the walls with more heat bridges, the thermal design engineer has to estimate the heat consumption of the wall. How can the building energy efficiency goal be achieved?
  • the thermal bridge of the house has a great impact on the construction of a low-carbon society and the sustainable development of the society.
  • the patent applicant has proposed the following patent applications in China regarding the wall technology: 1.
  • the invention name is "the earthquake-resistant thermal insulation composite wall with support and reinforced concrete outer layer", patent number 200410002698.7; 2.
  • the invention name is " Supported bundled composite insulation wall”, patent number is 200610153289.6; 3.
  • the invention name is "composite wall with steel bars and metal mesh plastering on both sides", patent application number is 200710167871.2, publication number is CN301168977; 4.
  • the invention name is "an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh plaster composite component", the patent application number is 200910141007.4, and the public number is CN101570981.
  • the joints When the doors and windows are installed on the concrete members of the openings, the joints also have steel joints passing through the insulation layer, which increases the heat transfer at the openings.
  • Supported bundled composite thermal insulation wall is provided to support the cantilever beam.
  • the concrete bridge can be reduced by 90% along the perimeter of the building, making the insulation effect much better than the sandwich insulation wall.
  • Body and thermal insulation block wall but because the thermal bridge at the entrance of the door window is larger than the thin plastering thermal bridge, the insulation effect is lower than that of the EPS board thin plastering insulation wall.
  • the configuration in the first embodiment is "there is a hole protection layer 16 at the opening of the door and window, and the door and window are fixed on the hole protection layer 16"; in the fourth patent, The configuration in the first embodiment is "...the surface of the core layer 3 has the protective layer 8," see the drawings of the two patents, the windows of the two patent drawings are mounted on the cement mortar layer of the opening. .
  • the thickness of the cement mortar of the hole is generally 30mm, and the thermal bridge of the hole is also larger than the thermal bridge of the thin plastering wall of the EPS board.
  • the linear heat transfer coefficient of the thermal bridge of the hole is about 0.15w/mk. It is not good for energy saving and insulation of walls. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating bridge structure for a wall door and window opening, so as to solve the problem that the current heat-bridge of the door and window opening of the wall is large, and the heat loss of the heat bridge through the hole is high, which is disadvantageous to the energy-saving insulation of the wall.
  • the first structure of the composite thermal insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge comprises an insulation layer, an indoor protection layer, an outdoor protection layer, a door and window, a door and window indoor side protection layer, a door and window outdoor side protection layer and a door and window
  • the thermal insulation layer is a polymer thermal insulation material or mineral wool or plant straw or paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polyphenyl granule insulation material, the insulation layer is an insulation material or different insulation materials;
  • the outdoor side protective layer, the indoor side protective layer of the door and window are a protective layer having a heat insulating effect, or a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plastering layer; the indoor protective layer and the outdoor protective layer are cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer;
  • the cement mortar or fine stone concrete plaster layer is an ordinary cement mortar or fine stone concrete plaster layer or a modified cement mortar or a modified fine stone concrete plaster layer; the insulation layer is located in the indoor protective layer and outdoor Between the protective layers, the insulation layer is connected with the indoor protection layer and the outdoor protection
  • the second structure of the composite thermal insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge comprises an insulation layer, a base wall, an outdoor protection layer, a door and window indoor side protection layer, a door and window outdoor side protection layer and a door and window;
  • the thermal insulation layer is a polymer thermal insulation material or mineral cotton or plant straw or paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polyphenyl granule insulation material, the thermal insulation layer is an insulation material or different thermal insulation materials;
  • the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window, the indoor side protection layer of the door and window is a protective layer with thermal insulation effect, or a cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer, or the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window is prefabricated Cement fiber board and curtain wall board;
  • the outdoor protective layer is cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer, or prefabricated cement fiber board and curtain wall board;
  • the cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer is ordinary cement mortar or fine stone concrete Plaster layer or modified cement sand Slurry or modified fine
  • the third structure of the composite insulated wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge of the present invention includes the heat insulation layer, the base wall, the outer leaf masonry or the outer leaf concrete wall, the alkali-resistant mesh cloth, and the indoor and outdoor protection of the door and window
  • the thermal insulation layer is a polymer thermal insulation material or mineral cotton or plant straw or paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polyphenyl granule insulation material, and the thermal insulation layer is an insulation material Or different insulation materials
  • the base wall is a masonry wall or a concrete wall;
  • the indoor side protection layer of the door and window, the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window is a protective layer having a heat preservation effect, or is a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete wipe.
  • the ash layer; the cement mortar or fine stone concrete plaster layer is an ordinary cement mortar or fine stone concrete plaster layer or a modified cement mortar or a modified fine stone concrete plaster layer;
  • the insulation layer is located at the base wall Between the body and the outer leaf masonry or the outer leaf concrete wall;
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is adhered to the surface of the hole insulation layer, the alkali-resistant mesh cloth and the base layer wall and the outer leaf masonry or outer leaf concrete
  • the lap joint is connected, the door and window are installed on the alkali-resistant mesh cloth on the insulation layer of the hole, and the indoor side protection layer of the door and window and the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window respectively on the two sides of the door and window respectively form a composite heat insulation wall door and window hole insulation.
  • the fourth structure of the composite heat insulating wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge of the invention comprises the heat insulation layer, the base wall, the alkali-resistant mesh cloth, the outdoor thin plaster protection layer, the indoor and outdoor protective layer of the door and window, the door and window
  • the thermal insulation layer is a polymer thermal insulation material or mineral cotton or plant straw or paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polyphenyl granule insulation material, the thermal insulation layer is an insulation material or different insulation
  • the base wall is a masonry wall or a concrete wall;
  • the indoor side protection layer of the door and window, the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window is a protective layer having a heat preservation effect, or a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plaster layer;
  • the cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer is an ordinary cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer or a modified cement mortar or a modified fine stone concrete plastering layer;
  • the outdoor thin plastering protective layer is The cement polymer mortar glass fiber mesh
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is pasted on the surface of the insulation layer of the hole, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is lapped and bonded with the base wall and the outdoor plastering protective layer, and the door and window are installed on the alkali-resistant mesh cloth on the insulation layer of the hole.
  • On both sides of the door and window there are respectively the indoor side protection layer of the door and window and the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window, forming a composite thermal insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge structure.
  • the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window, the indoor side protection layer of the door and window is a protective layer with thermal insulation effect
  • EPS board thin plastering insulation strip or smear insulation mortar or sizing powder polystyrene granule insulation is applied as a protective layer on both sides of the door and window profile or only on the inner side, so that it can be used in EPS board insulation strip, thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polystyrene.
  • the surface of the particles is pasted with an alkali-resistant mesh as a reinforcing layer, so that it can serve as both a protective layer for the door window and a heat insulating effect.
  • the indoor side protective layer of the door and window should be insulated with a thermal insulation layer to increase the fire safety.
  • the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window and the inner side protection layer of the door and window are protective layers with thermal insulation function, which can play two roles: 1. Further extend the distance between the indoor protective layer or the base wall to the outside, and reduce the heat bridge of the hole; 2. Prevent windows and doors The profile dews on the indoor side and improves the insulation of the doors and windows.
  • the thermal resistance of the length L+a is not Less than the thermal resistance of the main wall, the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hole is "0", that is, there is no more heat transfer around the hole than the main wall.
  • Figure 6, Figure 8, Figure 11, Figure 13, Figure 16, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 22, Figure 24 of the hole insulation layer is mineral wool, the thermal conductivity of rock wool is 0.04 ⁇ 0.044w/mk, lower than The design value of the thermal conductivity of the EPS board is 0.05w/mk, and when the protective layer on the outdoor side of the door and window is a protective layer with thermal insulation effect, such as the outer layer of the door and window profile, the EPS layer is coated with a thin plastering strip or a protective layer of a polyurethane thin plastering strip.
  • the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hole can reach "0".
  • thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polystyrene particles thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polystyrene particles
  • thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polystyrene particles even when the outer side of the door and window is plastered as cement mortar, the effect of heat insulation and breaking bridge is slightly poor, and the hole can not be linearly transferred.
  • the coefficient is "0".
  • the insulation layer around the hole is thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polystyrene particles, and the outdoor side protection layer of the door and window is a protective layer with heat preservation effect, the heat bridge of the hole can be reduced by about 60 to 80%.
  • the exterior side protection layer of the door and window is cement mortar.
  • the thermal resistance of the protective layer passing through the thermal insulation layer of the sidewall of the opening to the outdoor cold spot is not less than the thermal resistance of the main wall, and the linear heat transfer coefficient of the thermal bridge of the opening is "0", so that the thermal insulation layer of the sidewall of the opening needs to be thick. Inconvenient to construct, unless necessary.
  • the mineral wool board When mineral wool is used as the insulation layer of the door and window opening, the mineral wool board is wrapped with a plastic film or a plastic composite film.
  • the polyacrylic acid elastic emulsion adhesive is coated on the plastic film or the plastic composite film to wrap the mineral wool board, and the polyacrylate elastic emulsion adhesive is applied on the insulating layer EPS board, and the mineral cotton wrapped with the plastic film or the plastic composite film is coated.
  • the board is pasted on the heat insulating layer, and the polyacrylic emulsion elastic emulsion adhesive is applied on the outside of the plastic film or the plastic composite film, and the cement mortar plastering layer modified on the side of the hole can be bonded with the brushed polyacrylate elastic emulsion;
  • the plastic composite film is coated with a polyacrylate elastic emulsion adhesive, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth and the plastic film can be pasted, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is lapped and bonded to the outdoor protective layer and the indoor protective layer or the base wall.
  • the plastic film is polyester film and polyester sandwich aluminum foil plastic composite film, polyacrylic acid elastic emulsion with low glass transition temperature (-5 degrees ⁇ -40 degrees, different polyacrylic acid with different glass transition temperature depending on the lowest temperature of the project location)
  • the fat-elastic emulsion is soft after being formed into a film after drying, and is firmly adhered to the plastic film, and is convenient for painting and construction, and is environmentally friendly and non-toxic.
  • Directly brushing the polyacrylate emulsion can be pasted with the EPS layer of the insulation layer.
  • the amount of adhesive used in labor saving is not much, the cost is low, and the gas barrier effect is good.
  • the paste on both sides of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth and the indoor and outdoor plastering protective layer can be pasted with the cement slurry.
  • the invention can reduce the heat transfer heat loss around the door and window opening through a reasonable door and window opening structure, which is like a scarf on the neck.
  • the composite wall of the composite member of the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh plastering adopts the door and window opening heat insulation of the invention.
  • the comparison of the average heat transfer coefficient of the composite wall with the thermal bridge of the original bridge opening is shown in the attached table 5.
  • the EPS board has a thickness of 0.2 m, "an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh plaster composite member.
  • the total thickness of the composite thermal insulation wall is 0.26mm, including the influence of the thermal insulation of the balcony plate.
  • Low heat transfer coefficient; EPS plate thickness 0.3m, composite insulation wall thickness 0.36mm, can achieve a low heat transfer coefficient of 0.18+0.05 0.23 w/m 2 k.
  • the composite wall with a total thickness of 0.26 ⁇ 0.36m is A wall thickness that makes people feel comfortable, and a composite thermal insulation wall of building energy-saving "an alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced composite member" adopts the hole-insulated thermal break bridge structure of the invention to truly become an energy-saving and land-saving wall.
  • the data in the table does not include the influence of the outer bridge overhanging plate and other thermal bridges on the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall.
  • the technical effect of the present invention is that the composite heat insulating wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge structure can greatly reduce or eliminate the heat transfer increased by the heat bridge of the hole, and minimize the heat loss of the building. Channels, improve the energy-saving insulation level of the wall, reduce the resistance of low-energy buildings, and have important significance for building energy-saving and emission reduction and building low-carbon buildings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal bridge of a thin plastering thermal insulation composite thermal insulation wall of an EPS board in the background art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal bridge of a thin plastering thermal insulation composite thermal insulation wall of an EPS board in the background art
  • It is a schematic diagram of a thermal bridge of a sandwich thermal insulation composite wall in a background art
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat insulating and broken bridge of the door and window opening of the first embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a polystyrene granule of rubber powder, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing of the opening and closing window is an insulating mortar or a rubber powder.
  • Benzene particle plastering protective layer is a thermal insulating mortar or a polystyrene granule of rubber powder
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat insulating and broken bridge of the door and window opening according to the first embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing window is a cement mortar ash protective layer. ;
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat insulating and broken bridge of the door and window opening according to the first embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening, which is a thin protective layer of the thin plastering strip of the EPS board;
  • FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat insulating and broken bridge of the door and window opening according to the first embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is warmed by mineral wool, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening is a cement mortar plastering protective layer;
  • FIG. 8 is a horizontal sectional view showing the structure of the heat insulating and broken bridge of the door and window opening according to the first embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool insulation, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening, and is a protective layer of the thin plastering strip of the EPS board. , the side part of the interior door and window is plastered with thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polystyrene particles;
  • Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the four-door window opening of the embodiment.
  • the insulation layer of the hole is the thermal insulation mortar or the rubber polystyrene granule.
  • the outer protective layer on the outer side of the door and window profile is the thermal insulation mortar or the rubber polyphenylene. Granule
  • Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the four-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing window is a cement mortar;
  • the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule
  • the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing window is a cement mortar
  • Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the four-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer on the outer side of the door and window profile is the protective layer of the thin plastering strip of the EPS board;
  • Figure 12 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the four-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outdoor protective layer of the door and window profile, which is located outside the door and window of the opening, is cement mortar;
  • Figure 13 is a horizontal sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the four-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer on the outer side of the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening, which is a protective layer for adhering the thin plastering strip of the EPS board.
  • the interior protective layer is partially insulated mortar;
  • Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the seven-door window opening of the embodiment.
  • the insulation layer of the opening is a thermal insulation mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule.
  • the outer protective layer on the outer side of the door and window profile is the thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder. Polystyrene particles;
  • Figure 15 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the seven-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing window is a cement mortar;
  • the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule
  • the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing window is a cement mortar
  • Figure 16 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the seven-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening, and is a protective layer for the thin plastering strip of the EPS board. ;
  • Figure 17 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the seven-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is the cement mortar;
  • Figure 18 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the seven-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer side of the door and window profile is a protective layer for adhering the thin plastering strip of the EPS board, and unlike the Figure 16, the mineral wool It is also located on the side wall of the base wall of the entrance, and the doors and windows are installed in the wall of the base wall of the hole;
  • Figure 19 is a horizontal sectional view showing the structure of the heat insulating and broken bridge of the door and window opening of the seventh embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening, and is a protective layer for adhering the EPS board with a thin plastering strip.
  • the side wall of the indoor opening is a thermal insulation mortar, the mineral wool is also located at the side wall of the base wall of the opening, and the doors and windows are installed in the wall of the base wall of the opening;
  • Figure 20 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the nine-door window opening of the embodiment.
  • the insulation layer of the opening is a thermal insulation mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule.
  • the outer protective layer on the outer side of the door and window profile is the thermal insulation mortar or the rubber polyphenylene. Granule
  • Figure 21 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the insulated door of the nine-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule, and the outdoor protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing window is a cement mortar;
  • the insulating layer of the opening is a thermal insulating mortar or a rubber polystyrene granule
  • the outdoor protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the opening and closing window is a cement mortar
  • Figure 22 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the nine-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer of the outer side of the window and window profile is a thin protective layer of the thin plastering strip of the EPS board;
  • Figure 23 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the nine-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer outside the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening is cement mortar;
  • Figure 24 is a horizontal sectional view showing the structure of the heat-insulating bridge of the nine-door window opening of the embodiment, wherein the insulating layer of the opening is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer on the outer side of the door and window profile is located outside the door and window of the opening, which is a protective layer for adhering the thin plastering strip of the EPS board.
  • the indoor side is an insulating mortar.
  • a composite thermal insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge structure is composed of an insulation layer 3 , an indoor protection layer 8-1 , an outdoor protection layer 8-2 , a door and window interior .
  • the side protective layer 8-1-1, the door and window outdoor side protective layer 8-2-2, the door and window 20 are composed;
  • the heat insulating layer 3 is a polymer heat insulating material or mineral cotton or plant straw or paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder
  • the polystyrene granule insulation material, the heat insulation layer 3 is an insulation material or different insulation materials;
  • the door and window outdoor side protection layer 8-2-2, the door and window indoor side protection layer 8-1-1 is protected by heat preservation
  • the layer is either a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plastering layer;
  • the indoor protective layer 8-1 and the outdoor protective layer 8-2 are cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer;
  • the cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering Ordinary cement sand a plaster or fine stone concrete plaster layer or a modified cement mortar or a modified fine stone concrete plaster layer;
  • the door and window 20 is installed on the thermal insulation layer 3 of the door and window opening, On both sides of the door and window 20, there are a door and window indoor side protective layer 8-1-1 and a door and window outdoor side protective layer 8-2-2, respectively, to form a composite heat insulating wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge structure.
  • Low-energy buildings should be constructed with heat-insulated bridges.
  • the most used insulation layer is a material with low thermal conductivity and low price, such as polymer insulation material EPS board.
  • the insulation layer in the composite wall can be an insulation material or a different insulation material:
  • the insulation layer of the wall is a polymer insulation material with poor fire resistance
  • the local insulation layer around the hole should be made of a fireproof material.
  • mineral wool, thermal insulation mortar, rubber powder polystyrene granule insulation paddle for example, the core layer on the outer side of the main structure of the building can be sprayed with polyurethane foam to keep warm, and the frame can be an EPS board.
  • Figure 6 to Figure 8 show that the insulation layer of the hole is rock wool.
  • the protective layer on the outside of the door and window of Figure 6 and Figure 8 is the protective layer of the thin plastering insulation strip of the EPS board.
  • the heat-insulating bridge has the best effect.
  • Figure 6 and Figure When the thermal resistance of the L+a length section marked in 8 is not less than the thermal resistance of the main wall, the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hole is "0"; but Figure 5 shows that the insulation layer of the hole is a thermal insulation mortar or a rubber polystyrene particle.
  • thermal conductivity of thermal insulation mortar and rubber polystyrene granule insulation slurry is about 0.07 ⁇ 0.08w/mk, and the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hole is about 0.03 ⁇ 0.04 w/mk, which can reduce the thermal bridge of the hole 60-70%, which is also very spectacular. of.
  • the hole is made of mineral wool
  • the mineral wool is easily absorbed by the mineral wool, and the mineral wool or plastic composite film is wrapped with mineral wool to wrap the mineral wool.
  • the most effective and inexpensive material for mineral wool waterproof and moisture-proof layer is polyester laminated aluminum foil (PET//AL//PET) plastic composite film. Due to the aluminum foil layer, the water vapor permeation resistance is very large.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 of the embodiment is pasted on the surface of the hole insulation layer 3, and also includes the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 to wrap the insulation layer around the hole.
  • the hole insulation layer is mineral wool. It means that the mineral wool is wrapped by the waterproof and moisture-proof layer.
  • the polyester-clip aluminum foil plastic composite film can also be glued only to the upper part of the mineral wool, and it is not necessary to wrap.
  • the weather may make the mineral wool damp. Therefore, when the hole is a mineral wool insulation layer, the mineral wool is best wrapped around the mineral layer.
  • Embodiment 2 FIG. 4 to FIG. 8 , the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is added in the embodiment; the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is pasted in the hole The surface of the heat insulating layer 3, the door and window 20 is mounted on the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 of the opening, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is overlapped and bonded to the indoor protective layer 8-1 and the outdoor protective layer 8-2.
  • Alkali-resistant mesh cloth is the abbreviation of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh in the JCT-841-2007 standard.
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth has a strength retention rate of not less than 80% in the ordinary Portland cement of the strong alkali, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth has a considerable tensile strength.
  • the GRC wallboard that has been added to the alkali-resistant chopped glass fiber from the 1970s abroad has been used in the past 30 years. Multiply the strength retention value of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth by a certain safety reserve coefficient as the design value of the alkali-resistant mesh tensile strength. It can be compared with the steel bar and steel wire mesh.
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is used to connect the inside and outside of the hole.
  • Paste alkali-resistant mesh cloth can be plastered with cement polymer mortar or glue, but increase the heat transfer at the hole (cement and sand increase heat transfer), and can also be directly bonded with water-soluble adhesive, but with the indoor protective layer on both sides of the hole And outdoor protective layer paste Paste with cement polymer mortar.
  • the five-hole port is also adhered to the sticky alkali-resistant mesh cloth, but the indoor side is pasted with the base wall.
  • Embodiment 3 Referring to FIG. 4 to FIG. 8 , the difference between the embodiment and the first or second embodiment is that the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is added to the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 , and the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is a polymer waterproofing membrane or plastic.
  • the film or plastic composite film; the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 has the following installation manners: a.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 replaces the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1, and is directly pasted on the surface of the hole insulation layer 3, and the door and window 20 is installed in the waterproof moisture-proof layer of the hole 15; b, the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the upper surface of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1, the door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 of the hole; c, the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the surface of the insulating layer 3 of the hole, resistant
  • the alkali mesh cloth 5-1 is attached to the surface of the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15, and the door and window 20 is mounted on the hole-resistant alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1; the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is combined with the indoor protective layer 8-1 and the outdoor protective layer 8-2. Connect the paste connection.
  • the key position of the waterproofing of the door and window openings is the window sill, but it is more advantageous to provide a waterproof and moisture-proof layer around the hole.
  • the setting range of the waterproof and moisture-proof layer of the door and window openings should be determined according to the different types of insulation materials around the hole.
  • Polymer waterproofing membranes such as polyethylene polypropylene composite waterproofing membranes, or PVC waterproofing membranes.
  • Ordinary cement mortar is plastered on a plastic film or a high-molecular waterproofing membrane, and an interface agent plaster prepared by applying an adhesive may be adhered to the waterproof moisture-proof layer.
  • Embodiments 1 to 3 are applicable to the patent of the invention titled "Composite thermal insulation wall with steel bars and wire mesh plastering on both sides” and "A composite member for alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh plastering" The structure of the door and window opening of the composite thermal insulation wall.
  • the unlabeled curves in the indoor protective layer 8-1 and the outdoor protective layer 8-2 in FIGS. 4 to 8 are the steel mesh or alkali-resistant mesh in the composite wall plaster layer of the two patents, and the present invention None, so it is not marked.
  • the door and window 20 is installed on the insulation layer 3 of the door and window opening, which means that the installation position of the door and window is located on the insulation layer of the hole, and the polyurethane is foamed and attached when installing the door and window, and the polyurethane foam is also an insulation material.
  • the connecting steel piece of the door and window also needs to be fixed with the indoor protective layer 8-1 or the outdoor protective layer 8-2, and the steel piece is fixed with the indoor or outdoor protective layer by the steel nail, and the sealing and fixing of the polyurethane sealing glue is very sturdy.
  • the indoor side protection layer 8-1-1 of the window and door at the gantry position is replaced by a sill plate.
  • the patent of the applicant of the present invention generally has steel bars at the opening of the door and window (not shown in the drawings), and when the inner and outer steel bars are generally provided with a stainless steel pull wire connection, the first embodiment can be omitted.
  • the alkali mesh is connected.
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is pasted on the insulating layer of the hole, and the indoor and outdoor protective layers are pulled up to install the door and window to be safer.
  • the modified cement mortar or modified fine stone concrete protective layer is modified by adding admixture, fly ash, stone powder and water repellent, and also includes cement polymer mortar or polymer concrete added with polymer or adhesive, so the nail When the indoor and external protective layer of the steel nail part is elastic cement polymer mortar, it is more convenient to firmly fix the steel nails connecting the door and window to the steel sheet. .
  • the insulation layer 3 is polymer insulation material or mineral cotton or plant straw or paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polyphenylene The granule insulation material, the insulation layer 3 is an insulation material or different insulation materials;
  • the base wall 1 is a masonry wall or a concrete wall;
  • the door and window outdoor side protection layer 8-2-2 The indoor side protective layer 8-1 -1 of the door and window is a protective layer with thermal insulation effect, or a cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer, or the outer side protective layer 8-2-2 of the door and window is a prefabricated cement fiber board and a curtain wall board;
  • the outdoor protective layer 8-2 is a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plaster layer, or is a prefabricated cement fiber board or a curtain wall board;
  • the cement sand or fine stone concrete plastering layer is an ordinary cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plastering layer.
  • the layer is either a modified cement mortar or a modified fine stone concrete plaster layer; the insulation layer 3 is located between the base wall 1 and the outdoor protection layer 8-2; the door and window 20 is installed on the insulation layer 3 of the door and window opening On the two sides of the door and window 20, there are a door and window indoor side protection layer 8-1-1 and a door and window outdoor side protection layer 8-2-2, respectively, to form a composite heat insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation bridge structure.
  • the modified cement mortar or the modified fine stone concrete protective layer is modified by adding an admixture, fly ash, stone powder, water repellent, etc., and also includes a cement polymer mortar or polymer concrete to which a polymer or an adhesive is added.
  • the outdoor protective layer 8-2 and the outdoor protective layer 8-2-2 of the present embodiment are prefabricated cement fiber boards, or when the curtain wall is decorated, mainly refers to the outer wall outer insulation in the middle of the light steel keel filled with mineral wool insulation, light The steel keel is externally fixed with prefabricated cement fiberboard or curtain wall trim panels.
  • Embodiment 5 As shown in FIG. 9 to FIG. 13 , the difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is added in the embodiment; the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is pasted in the hole. The surface of the heat insulating layer 3, the door and window 20 is mounted on the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is overlapped and bonded to the base wall 1 and the outdoor protective layer 8-2.
  • Embodiment 6 As shown in FIG. 9 to FIG. 13 , the difference between the embodiment and the fourth embodiment or the fifth embodiment is that the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is added to the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 .
  • the plastic film or plastic composite film; the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 has the following installation manners: a.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 replaces the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1, and is directly pasted on the surface of the hole insulation layer 3, and the door and window 20 is installed at the hole to be waterproof and moisture-proof.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the upper surface of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 of the opening, the door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 of the hole; c, the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the surface of the insulating layer 3 of the hole, The alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is attached to the surface of the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15, and the door and window 20 is mounted on the hole-resistant alkali-resistant mesh 5-1; the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is overlapped with the base wall 1 and the outdoor protective layer 8-2. Paste the connection.
  • Embodiments 4-6 are applicable to the door and window opening of the second patent described in the background art, and are also suitable for the "core layer 3" in the first, thirteenth and twenty-first embodiments of the third patent. ... part of the insulation material, part of the non-insulation material, for example, the inner side is filled with masonry, the outer side is thermal insulation material."
  • the door and window opening is made of heat-insulated bridge structure, and is also applicable to the sixth embodiment of the fourth patent.
  • the layer 3 is made of polymer insulation material 3, and the composite insulation wall of part of the wall 3-1" is insulated and broken bridge structure, and the embodiment is also applicable to the composite insulation wall with wire mesh plaster on the outside.
  • the wire mesh sandwich core cement board is used as the outer thermal insulation layer of the concrete wall or the masonry wall, and the outer side has the cement mortar protective layer, and the door and window opening adopts the heat insulation broken bridge structure of the embodiment.
  • steel bars are arranged on the outdoor side of the door and window opening, and when the stainless steel wire is connected between the hole reinforcement and the base wall, the fourth embodiment may not be provided with an alkali-resistant mesh.
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is pasted on the insulating layer of the hole, and the indoor and outdoor protective layers are pulled to further ensure the safety of installing the doors and windows.
  • a composite thermal insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge structure is composed of an insulation layer 3, a base wall 1, an outer leaf masonry or an outer leaf concrete wall 2 .
  • the heat insulating layer 3 is a polymer Insulation material or mineral wool or plant straw or paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polyphenyl granule insulation material, the insulation layer 3 is an insulation material or different insulation materials;
  • the base wall 1 is a masonry wall Or a concrete wall;
  • the door and window indoor side protective layer 8-1-1, the door and window outdoor side protective layer 8-2-2 is a protective layer having a heat insulating effect, or a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plastering layer;
  • the cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer is an ordinary cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer or a modified cement mortar or a modified fine stone concrete plastering layer;
  • the insulating layer 3 is located in the base wall 1 and outside Between the leaf masonry or the outer leaf concrete wall 2; the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is adhered to the surface of the hole insulation layer 3, the alkal
  • the modified cement mortar or the modified fine stone concrete protective layer is modified by adding an admixture, fly ash, stone powder, water repellent, etc., and also includes a cement polymer mortar or polymer concrete to which a polymer or an adhesive is added.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is added to the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 or the plastic waterproof film or
  • the waterproof composite film 15 has the following installation manners: a.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 replaces the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1, and is directly pasted on the surface of the hole insulation layer 3, and the door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 of the mouthwash.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the upper surface of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 of the hole, the door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 of the hole; c, the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the surface of the hole insulation layer 3, alkali-resistant The mesh cloth 5-1 is attached to the surface of the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15, and the door and window 20 is installed on the hole-resistant alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1; the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is overlapped with the base wall 1 and the outer-leaf masonry or outer-leaf concrete wall 2 Paste the connection.
  • Embodiments 7 and 8 are applicable to the sandwich wall insulation wall structure using the door and window opening.
  • the base wall of the sandwich thermal insulation wall is connected with the outer leaf masonry or the outer leaf concrete wall in the door window to form a thermal bridge.
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth having the tensile action is pasted on the hole insulation layer.
  • Surface, base wall and outer leaf masonry or outer leaf concrete wall can be connected to the door window without masonry or concrete, and the alkali-resistant net cloth is lap-bonded to the base wall and outer leaf masonry or outer leaf concrete wall. It can play the role of pulling the base wall and the outer leaf masonry or the outer leaf concrete wall.
  • the door and window connecting steel piece and the base wall are fixed, which can ensure the safety of the hole insulation structure and the safety of the outer layer masonry. It is also possible to nail steel nails on the base wall and the outer leaf masonry or the outer leaf concrete wall, and entangle the stainless steel fine iron wire between the inner and outer steel nails to further increase the pulling.
  • a composite thermal insulation wall door and window opening heat insulation broken bridge structure is composed of an insulation layer 3, a base wall 1, an alkali-resistant mesh 5-1, and an outdoor thin wipe.
  • the ash protective layer 8-2, the door and window indoor side protective layer 8-1-1, the door and window outdoor side protective layer 8-2-2, the door and window 20 are composed;
  • the heat insulating layer 3 is a polymer heat insulating material or mineral cotton or plant straw or Paper honeycomb board or thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder polyphenyl granule insulation material, the insulation layer 3 is an insulation material or different insulation materials;
  • the base wall 1 is a masonry wall or a concrete wall;
  • the side protective layer 8-1-1, the outdoor protective layer 8-2-2 of the door and window is a protective layer having a heat insulating effect, or a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plastering layer; the cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer It is an ordinary cement mortar or fine stone concrete plaster layer or a modified cement mortar or a modified fine stone concrete plastering layer;
  • the protective layer 8-2 is a cement polymer mortar glass fiber mesh plastering, the heat insulating layer 3 is located between the base wall 1 and the outdoor plastering protective layer 8-2, the
  • the modified cement mortar or the modified fine stone concrete protective layer is modified by adding an admixture, fly ash, stone powder, water repellent, etc., and also includes a cement polymer mortar or polymer concrete to which a polymer or an adhesive is added.
  • the glass fiber mesh adhered to the surface of the thin plastering external thermal insulation wall is constructed by turning over the door and window openings, that is, the cement fiber mortar is used to coat the glass fiber mesh at the edge of the hole (the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is a kind of glass fiber mesh).
  • the best alkali resistance quality can choose a certain size of alkali-resistant mesh according to the required tensile strength).
  • the fiberglass net is wrapped on the benzene board and then turned to the front side of the thermal insulation benzene board, that is, the glass fiber net is not
  • the base wall is connected; and the invention directly pastes the alkali-resistant mesh cloth to the side of the base wall of the hole, and then installs the door and window on the alkali-resistant mesh cloth on the insulation layer of the hole, in order to reduce the heat transfer of the cement polymer mortar of the mouthwash, It is best to apply the polyacrylate elastic emulsion adhesive on the insulation layer of the hole and directly paste the alkali-resistant mesh insulation bridge.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the ninth embodiment is that the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is added to the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 or the plastic waterproof film or plastic film.
  • the waterproof and moisture-proof layer 15 has the following installation manners: a.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 replaces the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1, and is directly pasted on the surface of the hole insulation layer 3, and the door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 of the hole; b, the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the upper surface of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 of the hole, the door and window 20 is installed on the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 of the hole; c, the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted on the surface of the insulating layer 3 of the hole, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is attached to the surface of the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15, and the door and window 20 is mounted on the hole-resistant alkali-resistant mesh 5-1; the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is pasted with the base wall 1 and the outdoor thin plaster protective layer 8-2-1. connection.
  • Embodiments IX and IX are applicable to the structure of the heat-insulated bridge of the door and window opening of the thin plastering insulation wall.
  • the insulating layer 3 is bonded to the base wall 1 and to the outdoor plastering layer 8-2-1 as a prior art bonding connection, or by adding plastic expansion nails to fix the insulating layer 3 to the base wall 1.
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is pasted on the surface of the insulation layer of the hole, and the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is lapped and bonded with the base wall and the outdoor thin plaster protection layer, which can play the role of pulling the base wall and the outdoor thin plaster protection layer.
  • the door and window connecting steel piece is fixed with the base wall, which can ensure the safety of the door and window when the hole is insulated and broken.

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Description

一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造 技术领域
本发明涉及一种墙体门窗洞口构造， 特别是一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥 构造。 背景技术
节能建筑围护结构保温的目的是， 通过对围护结构采取保温措施限制室内外热量 传递， 减少保证室内舒适热环境供热或制冷所需的能耗。 采暖地区建筑的外墙好比我 们的棉衣， 夏季炎热地区建筑的外墙好比冰箱的外壳。 目前节能保温墙体都是通过附 加保温层的做法来改善传统墙体的保温隔热效果， 限制室内外热量的传递， 但长期以 来难以消除的热桥成为障碍墙体节能技术的瓶颈。
1、 外墙粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰保温墙体热桥'对墙体保温性能的影响：
目前， 外墙粘贴 EPS板（或 XPS板）薄抹灰保温墙体是保温¾ [果最好， 价格最低 的墙体技术， 故薄抹灰保温墙体在我国应用得最多。 但即使是保温最好的 EPS板薄抹 灰保温墙体在门窗洞口也有大量热桥： 图 1所示为门窗安装在基层墙体中部时， 门窗 洞口侧壁的保温层比墙体正面的保温层厚度薄得多， 洞口侧流失的热量墙体正面多。 图 2所示为门窗安装在基层墙体外角， 基层墙体外角距离室外距离短， 热量在洞口角 部流失也多， 图 1和图 2中箭头范围长度 L即为热桥部位保温层厚度。
《黑龙江省居住建筑节能 65%设计标准》中给出图图 14和图 15的热桥的数值是， 在保温层厚度不大于 120mm 时， 薄抹灰保温墙体洞口存在线性传热系数 ψ 值达 O.lw/m.k的热桥，在保温层厚度不小于 120mm时，洞口线性传热系数 ψ值达 0.1 lw/m.k！ 因门窗涧口数量多， 热桥影响很大， 见附表 1的数值。
EPS板薄抹灰保温墙体平均传热系数表， 传热系数单位： w/m2.k
Figure imgf000003_0001
注： 1、 附表〗的数值是按 0.2m混凝土墙、 3.6m开间， 层高 2.8m, 在不同窗墙比、 不同 EPS 板厚度时 EPS板薄抹灰墙体的平均传热系数。 2、 表中数据不包括阳台板等外伸悬挑板热桥对墙体平均传热系数的影响。 门窗洞口热桥对墙体节能保温的影响用下面的比喻说明： 洞口热桥好比人的脖子 或墙上的洞， 在天气很冷时要围上毛围巾、 墙上有洞要堵上洞， 如若不围毛围巾、 不 堵洞， 想通过增加棉衣厚度或墙上增加保温层厚度来弥补这个热损失是很困难的。 但 是人的脖子只有一个， 而建筑的门窗数量很多， 故洞口流失的热量很多， 洞口热桥对 建筑节能影响很大， 窗墙比越大影响越大。在要求低传热系数时， 每降低传热系数 0.1 w/m2.k都是非常困难的， 因此， 洞口热桥对于采暖地区， 特别是对于要求墙体平均传 热系数较低的严寒地区影响太大了。
再加上住宅中大量的悬挑阳台板和空调机板还是个大热桥， 即使阳台板上下全部 都粘贴厚度 0.1m的 EPS板， 其线性传热系数 ψ值还达 0.2w/ni.k。 悬挑阳台板上下有 100mm 厚 EPS 板保温， 窗墙比 0.3 时， 阳台板热桥对墙体平均传热系数的影响约 0.05w/m2.k (假定阳台板长度占外墙长度 40~50%计算）， EPS板薄抹灰保温墙体洞口 热桥和阳台板热桥总增加墙体平均传热系数约 0.15~0.2w/m2.k。 因此， 为满足《黑龙 江省居住建筑节能 65%设计标准》， 得出主墙体 EPS板薄抹灰保温约应达到的传热系 数和需要的保温层厚度， 见附表 2。
附表 2 严寒 (B)区居住建筑考虑涧口线性传热系数和阳台板热桥影响， EPS板薄 抹灰保温墙体主墙体约应达到的传热系数和需要的保温层厚度
Figure imgf000004_0001
注： 】、 附表 2中主墙体为 0.2mm混凝土墙， 数据含保温阳台板热桥（按阳台扳长度占外墙长 度 40~50%， 窗墙比 0.3 , 按保温阳台板热桥和洞口热桥对墙体平均传热系数的影响为 0.15w/m2.k; 如窗墙比 0.5， 则保温阳台板热桥和洞口热桥对墙体平均传热系数的影响不小于 0.25w/m2.k， 主墙 体应达到的传热系数应比表中还小 0.1 w/m2.k， 更不可能实现节能目标。 '
2、 严寒 (A)区墙体平均传热系数限值比 (B)区还需降低 0.05w/m2.k， 主墙体应达到的传热 系数更难以实现。 由附表 1、 附表 2可见， 8层以下建筑要求墙体平均传热系数不大于 0.4 w/m2.k 时， 住宅因为还有阳台板热桥的影响， 需要粘贴的苯板保温层厚度 0.2~0.3m， 不仅增 加造价， 且浪费宝贵的土地资源， 很难被投资方接受， 实际应用中受到阻力， 影响国 家节能减排目标的实现。 目前所有墙体节能保温技术都没有解决门窗口热桥的难题。 2、 钢丝网架水泥夹芯板保温墙体的热桥
钢丝网架水泥夹芯板保温墙体除有上述洞口热桥外，每平方米还有 200根 Φ2钢 丝穿透保温层增加传热， 比 EPS板薄抹灰墙体增加 60%传热， 热桥更多。
3、 夹芯保温墙体热桥
目前在黑龙江省大量地应用夹芯保温墙体， 甚至高层建筑也在大量应用。 夹芯保 温墙体存在沿建筑周圈的泡凝土挑檐板热桥， 把外墙比作棉衣， 夹芯保温墙体每层有 一道不保温的腰带——混凝土挑檐板。还有洞口周边热桥， 内外叶砌体拉接钢筋热桥。 图 3 表示挑檐板热桥处粘贴保温条的夹芯保温墙体在挑檐板热桥处热量的流失路线 (曲线所示）。 但挑檐板热桥外端即使如图 3所示粘贴保温条， 因延长热桥路线很小， 对保温的改善几乎不起作用。 比照 《黑龙江省居住建筑节能 65%设计标准》 中厚度 120mm不保温的阳台悬挑板的线性传热系数值， 假定挑檐板厚度 80mm, 挑檐板热桥 的线性传热系数约 0.43w/m.k。 对层高 2.8m住宅中热桥对平均传热系数的影响进行分 析， 按窗墙比 0.3、 阳台板上下保温层 EPS板厚度 100mm， 夹心保温墙体挑檐板热桥 增加墙体平均传热系数约 0.15~0.2w/m2.k, 再加上洞口周边热桥 （偏于不安全计算， 仍按粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰洞口热桥的线性传热系数估计）， 按总增加墙体平均传热系数 约 0.25〜0.3w/m2.k ! (但在窗墙比 0.5时增加墙体平均传热系数约 0.35w/m2.k ! 由于更 难达到， 附表 3数值已经说明了问题， 就不取这个数值了） 按 《黑龙江省居住建筑节 能 65%设计标准》中居住建筑节能设计判定表中规定的严寒 (B)区墙体平均传热系数限 值， 可得出的主墙体夹芯保温约应达到的传热系数， 见附表 3。
附表 3 严寒 (B)区居住建筑考虑洞口和挑檐板线性传热系数影响， 夹芯保温主墙
Figure imgf000005_0001
注： 1、 附表 3是假定混凝土墙 0.2m厚， 开间 3.6米， 层髙为 2.8米， 按窗墙比 0.3， 数据中 含保温阳台板热桥、 洞口热桥对墙体平均传热系数的影响^
■ 2、 严寒 (A)区墙体平均传热系数限值比 (B)区还需降低 0.05w/m2, 更难以达到。 但夹芯保温墙体洞口热桥应比 EPS板薄抹灰保温墙体洞口热桥大得多， 连附表 3 中主墙体约应达到的传热系数都不能满足， 再考虑夹芯保温墙体洞口热桥比薄抹灰洞 口热桥增加的数值也没意义。 在 《砌体结构设计规范》 GB50003中规定， 夹芯保温中 间保温层厚度不宜大于 lOOmm, 故根本不可能满足墙体平均传热系数限值的要求。
4、 保温砌块墙体 保温砌块墙体在挑檐板和洞口的热桥与夹芯保温墙体热桥接近，但还存在以下问 题： 保温层被砂、 炉渣、 陶粒、 水泥等分割得支离破碎的保温砌块墙， 从阻隔热量传 递的目的分析， 其构造不合理， 严寒地区主墙体部位的保温砌块墙需要多厚才能满足 附表 2中墙体平均传热系数的要求？若将 EPS板、 XPS板的保温效果用棉花或羽绒比 喻， 那麽一些导热系数较高的材料可比喻作陈旧的棉花或柳絮， 保温砌块可比喻作羽 绒或棉花中夹杂炉渣、 砂、 水泥的墙体或材料。 '
5、 内保温墙体
内保温墙体存在沿建筑周圈楼板热桥和洞口热桥， 楼板厚度必大于挑檐板厚度， 还增加有室内间隔墙热桥， 多层建筑中室内间隔墙砌体厚度为 0.37m、 0.24m, 高层建 筑厚度约 0.2〜0.3m的混凝土墙。内保温墙体的大量不保温的室内间隔墙——好似棉衣 前后片之间只是布是连上了， 但在接缝处附近没有棉花成为热桥透寒。 内保温墙体热 桥影响更远远大于夹芯保温墙体热桥！ 在 《民用建筑节能设计标准》 JGJ26-95附录 C 中指出： 在内保温条件下， 混凝土梁、 柱等周边热桥， 使墙体的平均传热系数增加 51-59%, 遗憾的是， 华北地区已建设了大量的内保温建筑。
6、 预制保温墙板墙体
预制墙板不仅有洞口热桥， 还多有接缝热桥， 接缝 桥对墙体平均传热系数影响 很大， 甚至接缝处开裂透寒结露、室内地板翘起， 墙体结露长毛的工程实例已经存在。
按节能 50%设计的夹芯保温墙体 （EPS板 100mm)、 钢丝网架保温墙体 （EPS板 I00mm)、 300mm厚的保温砌块墙体、 内保温墙体都不能满足住宅建筑的墙体平均传 热不超过 0.75w/ffl2.k以下的节能墙体的要求。 中国建筑科学院研究院 2003~2005年采 暖季对北京部分节能建筑连续测试发现， 按节能 50%标准建造的建筑实测结果达到节 能 37%、 节能 30%的建筑实际只节能 7%！ 现在中国一些地区已开始试行节能 65%标 准， 上述热桥较多的墙体影响这个节能目标的实现。 不仅中国是这样， 世界上一些国 家也在采取内保温或夹心保温墙体技术。
' 热桥多增加了建筑师设计计算的难度， 且因担心这些热桥较多的墙体传热量高， 达不到供暧要求， 热工设计工程师只好对墙体的耗热量多估算， 预期的建筑节能目标 怎能实现？房屋热桥对建设低碳社会、对社会的可持续发展有很大影响，后遗症严重。
本专利申请人关于墙体技术己经在中国提出以下专利申请： 1、发明名称为 "有支 撑、 有钢筋水泥外保护层的抗震保温复合墙体" ， 专利号 200410002698.7; 2、发明名 称为 "有支撑的捆绑式复合保温墙体" ，专利号为 200610153289.6; 3、发明名称为 "两 侧设有钢筋 /和金属网抹灰的复合墙体" ， 专利申请号为 200710167871.2， 公开号为 CN301168977; 4、 发明名称为 "一种耐碱玻纤网抹灰的复合构件" ， 专利申谙号为 200910141007.4, 公幵号为 CN101570981.
在背景技术已公幵的本专利申请人的第 1、 第 2专利中， 有以下原因导致上述两 个专利复合墙体的洞口热桥大于 EPS板薄抹灰墙体洞口热桥的影响： 1、 门窗安装在 基层墙体上时， 门窗型材外侧即使粘贴保温条， 因保温条上还有抹灰保护层 30mm， 受窗户型材尺寸限制， 保温条的厚度 15mm小于 EPS板薄抹灰墙体洞口侧面保温条厚 度 30mm， 故上述两个专利复合墙体的洞口热桥大于 EPS板薄抹灰墙体洞口热桥。 2、 门窗安装在洞口的混凝土构件上时， 洞口还有连接钢件穿过保温层， 又增加了洞口传 热。 有支撑的捆绑式复合保温墙体设置支承悬挑梁， 与夹心保温墙体比减少可减少沿 建筑周圈的混凝土挑檐板热桥 90%， 使得其保温效果远远好于夹芯保温墙体和保温砌 块墙体， 但是由于在门窗口洞口的热桥大于薄抹灰热桥， 保温效果低于 EPS板薄抹灰 保温墙体。
在背景技术己公开的本专利申请人的第 3专利中， 实施方式一中的构造是 "在门 窗洞口处有洞口保护层 16， 门窗固定在洞口保护层 16上"； 在第 4专利中， 实施方式 一中的构造是 "……芯层 3的表面有保护层 8，"， 见这两个专利的附图， 这两个专利 附图的窗户都是安装在洞口水泥砂浆抹灰层上。 为保证洞口钢筋保护层厚度， 洞口水 泥砂浆抹灰层厚度一般需要 30mm， 其洞口热桥也大于 EPS板薄抹灰墙体洞口热桥， 洞口热桥的线性传热系数约 0.15w/m.k， 对墙体节能保温不利。 发明内容
若能减少或消灭洞口热桥， 建筑节能的目标就较容易实现。
本发明的目的是提供一种墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 以解决当前墙体门窗洞口 热桥大， 通过洞口热桥的热损失多， 对墙体节能保温不利的问题。
本发明的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥的第一种构造： 本发明包括保温 层、 室内保护层、 室外保护层、 门窗、 门窗室内侧保护层、 门窗室外侧保护层和门窗; -所述保温层为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯 颗粒保温料， 所述保温层为一种保温材料或不同保温材料； 所述门窗室外侧保护层、 门窗室内侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所 述室内保护层、 室外保护层为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述水泥砂浆或细石混 凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混 凝土抹灰层； 所述保温层位于室内保护层与室外保护层之间， 保温层与室内保护层和 室外保护层连接； 门窗安装在门窗洞口的保温层上， 在门窗的两侧分别有门窗室内侧 保护层和门窗室外侧保护层， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。
本发明的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥的第二种构造： 本发明包括保温 层、 基层墙体、 室外保护层、 门窗室内侧保护层、 门窗室外侧保护层和门窗； 所述保 温层为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒保 温料， 所述保温层为一种保温材料或不同保温材料； 所述基层墙体为砌筑墙体或混凝 土墙体； 所述门窗室外侧保护层、 门窗室内侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为 水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 或门窗室外侧保护层为预制水泥纤维板、 幕墙板； 所 述室外保护层为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 或为预制水泥纤维板、 幕墙板； 所述 水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂 浆或改性的细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述保温层位于基层墙体与室外保护层之间； 门窗安 装在门窗洞口的保温层上， 在门窗的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护层和门窗室外侧保护 层， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。
本发明的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥的第三种构造： 本发明包括保温 层、 基层墙体、 外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙、 耐碱网布、 门窗室内侧保护房、 门窗室外 侧保护层和门窗； 所述保温层为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保 温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温料， 所述保温层为一种保温材料或不同保温材料； 所述基 层墙体为砌筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述门窗室内侧保护层、 门窗室外侧保护层为具有 保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土 抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土 抹灰层； 所述保温层位于基层墙体与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙之间； 所述耐碱网布粘 贴在洞口保温层的表面， 耐碱网布与基层墙体及与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙搭接粘贴 拉接， 门窗安装在洞口保温层上的耐碱网布上， 在门窗的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护 层、 门窗室外侧保护层， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。
本发明的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥的第四种构造： 本发明包括保温 层、 基层墙体、 耐碱网布、 室外薄抹灰保护层、 门窗室内侧保护层、 门窗室外侧保护 层和门窗； 所述保温层为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆 或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温料， 所述保温层为一种保温材料或不同保温材料； 所述基层墙体 为砌筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述门窗室内侧保护层、 门窗室外侧保护层为具有保温作 用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述水泥砂桨或细石混凝土抹灰层 为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土抹灰 层； 所述室外薄抹灰保护层为水泥聚合物砂浆玻纤网薄抹灰， 所述保温层位于基层墙 体与室外薄抹灰保护层之间， 保温层与基层墙体及与室外薄抹灰保护层连接； 所述耐 碱网布粘贴在洞口保温层的表面， 耐碱网布与基层墙体及与室外薄抹灰保护层搭接粘 贴拉接， 门窗安装在洞口保温层上的耐碱网布上， 在门窗的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保 护层和门窗室外侧保护层， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。
本发明的技术效果：
本发明的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥的第一种〜第四种构造中"……门窗 室外侧保护层、 门窗室内侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层"，是指在洞口门窗型材两 侧或仅内侧外侧粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰保温条或抹保温砂浆或抹胶粉聚苯颗粒保温作为保 护层， 这样都可在 EPS板保温条、 保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒的表面粘贴耐碱网布作为 增强层， 因此既可以作为门窗口的保护层， 又具有保温作用。 门窗室内侧保护层为具 有保温作用的保护层应采用保温砂浆， 增加防火安全。 门窗室外侧保护层、 门窗室内 侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层可以起到两个作用： 1、进一步延长室内保护层或基 层墙体到室外的距离， 减少洞口热桥； 2、 防止门窗型材在室内侧结露， 并改善门窗保 温。 只要门窗型材室外冷点距离室内保护层或基层墙体外角的距离 L+a长度的热阻不 小于主墙体的热阻， 洞口线性传热系数就为 "0"， 即洞口周边传热不比主墙体多。 图 6、 图 8、 图 11、 图 13、 图 16、 图 18、、 图 19、 图 22、 图 24的洞口保温层为矿物棉， 岩棉的导热系数为 0.04〜0.044w/m.k， 低于 EPS板导热系数设计值 0.05w/m.k， 且门窗 室外侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层时， 如门窗型材外侧粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰薄条保 温或聚氨酯薄抹灰薄条保温的保护层， 洞口线性传热系数可以达到 "0"。 而洞口周边 保温层采用保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒时 （导热系数较约 0.07w/m.k)， 甚至门窗外侧抹 灰为水泥砂浆时， 隔热断桥效果稍差， 不能使洞口线性传热系数为 "0 "。 在洞口周边 保温层为保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒时， 且门窗室外侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层 时， 可以减少洞口热桥约 60〜80%。 图 7、 图 12、 图 15、 图 17、 图 21、 图 23门窗室 外侧保护层为水泥砂浆， 水泥砂浆保护层热阻极小， 其实质是 a=0， 但门窗安装在洞 口保温层上仍有隔热断桥效果， 但隔热断桥效果减弱， 为避免室内窗口结露， 严寒地 区的门窗室外侧保护层不应为水泥砂浆，而应为具有保温作用的保护层。 图 9、图 18、 图 19、 图 24是有室内基层墙体时， 在基层墙体上增加部分保温层， 窗户安装在与室 内保护层对应位置的保温层上， 洞口侧壁保温层的室内保护层穿过洞口侧壁的保温层 到达室外冷点的热阻应不小于主体墙热阻， 洞口热桥的线性传热系数为 "0"， 这样洞 口侧壁的保温层就需要很厚， 不方便施工， 除非必要时采用。
采用矿物棉作为门窗洞口保温层时， 用塑料薄膜或塑料复合膜包裹矿物棉板。 施 工时在塑料薄膜或塑料复合膜上涂刷聚丙烯酸脂弹性乳液胶粘剂包裹矿物棉板， 在保 温层 EPS板上涂刷聚丙烯酸脂弹性乳液胶粘剂， 将包裹了塑料薄膜或塑料复合膜的矿 物棉板粘贴在保温层上， 在塑料薄膜或塑料复合膜外面涂刷聚丙烯酸脂弹性乳液胶粘 剂， 洞口侧面改性的水泥砂浆抹灰保护层可以与涂刷聚丙烯酸脂弹性乳液粘接； 在塑 料薄膜或塑料复合膜上面涂刷聚丙烯酸脂弹性乳液胶粘剂， 可将耐碱网布与塑料薄膜 粘贴， 耐碱网布与室外保护层和室内保护层或基层墙体搭接粘贴相互拉接。
塑料薄膜为聚酯膜及聚酯夹铝箔塑料复合膜， 玻璃化温度较低的聚丙烯酸脂弹性 乳液（-5度〜 -40度， 随工程所在地最低气温不同， 选用不同玻璃化温度的聚丙烯酸脂 弹性乳液） 干燥后成膜之后柔软， 与塑料薄膜粘贴牢固， 涂刷施工方便， 环保无毒。 直接涂刷聚丙烯酸脂乳液原浆即可与保温层 EPS板粘贴， 既省工所用胶粘剂数量还不 多， 造价低廉， 隔气防水效果好。 而将耐碱网布两侧与室内外抹灰保护层粘贴可用水 泥聚合物砂浆粘贴。
本发明通过合理的门窗洞口构造， 可以减少门窗洞口周边的传热热损失， 这就好 比脖子上围上了毛围巾。 "有支撑的捆绑式复合保温墙体"专利的复合墙体采用本发 明的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造与原专利洞口有热桥时的复合墙体平均传热系数对比见附 表 4。 由附表 4可见， EPS板厚度 150mm时， 窗墙比 0.36时， 包括阳台板热桥在内的 墙体平均传热系数约为 0.33+0.05=0.38 w/m2.k，'使得严寒地区 8层以下节能 65%成为 可能。 将附表 4与附表 2数据对比可知， 洞口隔热断桥的 "有支撑的捆绑式复合保温 墙体"的节能保温效果还远远好于薄抹灰保温墙体的节能保温效果。 "一种耐碱玻纤 网抹灰的复合构件"专利的复合墙体采用本发明的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造与原专利洞 口有热桥时的复合墙体平均传热系数对比见附表 5。 由附表 5可见， EPS板厚度 0.2m， "一种耐碱玻纤网抹灰的复合构件" 的复合保温墙体总厚度 0.26mm，包括阳台板热桥 的影响， 洞口隔热断桥构造的复合墙体住宅建筑平均传热系数约可达到 0.26+0.05=0.3 lw/m2.k的低传热系数； EPS板厚度 0.3m， 复合保温墙体总厚度 0.36mm 时， 可达到 0.18+0.05=0.23 w/m2 k的低传热系数。 总厚度 0.26~0.36m的复合墙体是一 个使人觉得舒适的墙体厚度， 建筑节能 "一种耐碱玻纤网抹灰的复合构件" 的复合保 温墙体采用本发明的洞口隔热断桥构造真正成为节能省地型墙体。
我国和世界上许多国家都没有条件建设北欧填塞厚 40~50cm矿物棉保温的木结构 建筑， 我们也没有条件像俄罗斯那样建设三层墙中间夹双层苯板的外墙， 但以混凝土 或各种砌体为基层墙体的外保温墙体采用洞口隔热断桥构造， 就有条件达到北欧墙体 低传热系数的节能水平。
洞口热桥影响不存在时， 设计计算墙体平均传热系数就很简单了。
附表 4 洞口有热桥及洞口隔热断桥， 与洞口线性传热系数为 " 0"的有支撑的 捆绑式复合保温墙体平均传热系数的对比表， 传热系数单位： w/m2.k
Figure imgf000010_0001
说明： 1、 附表 4是假定混凝土墙 0.2m厚， 开间 3.6米， 层高为 2.8米， 有支承墙体的支 承悬挑梁 3个， 面积 =bh=0.1 x0.12 =0.1 x0.12x3=0.036 m2'， 在不同窗墙比、不同 EPS板厚度时墙体 的平均传热系数。
2、有支承墙体 EPS板修正的导热系数 =0.05+0.003=.0.053w/m.k ( Φ2.5不锈钢拉接 钢丝增加传热 0.003 w/m.k)。
3、 表中数据不包括阳台板等外伸悬挑板热桥对墙体平均传热系数的影响。
4、 洞口有水泥砂桨热桥时， 按洞口线性传热系数为 0.15w/m.k计算的， 洞口无水 泥砂浆热桥时， 按洞口线性传热系数为 "0"计算的。 附表 5 框架结构的复合墙体采用发明名称为 "一种耐碱玻纤网抹灰的复合构 件"洞口线性传热系数为 0.15 w/m2.k时， 与采取本发明洞口隔热断桥、洞口线性传热 系数为 "0"时的复合墙体传热系数的对比表， 传热系数单位： w/m2.k
Figure imgf000011_0001
综上所述， 本发明的技术效果是， 本发明的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥 构造可大幅度减少或消灭洞口热桥增加的传热， 最大限度地减少建筑热量流失的通 道， 提高墙体节能保温水平， 减少推行低能耗建筑的阻力， 对建筑节能减排， 建设低 碳建筑具有重要意义。
为建筑节能、 为取消粘土砖， 多年来我国政府投资了大量资金用于发展新型墙体 材料， 但是没有很好地解决墙体技术的瓶颈。 这是因为各种新型墙体材料的特性都有 其局限性。 例如聚氨酯保温最好， 但是它不能解决洞口隔热断 ¾ ^的问题。 还如保温砌 块墙体、钢丝网架水泥夹芯板墙体等新型墙体材料的保温性能与粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰保 温墙体的节能保温性能差得太多太多了！ 其保温性能与洞口隔热断桥的有支承的外墙 外保温复合保温墙体更不可比， 己经建设的这类建筑的节能率到底有多少？
据估计， 城市里二氧化碳排放量的 60%来源于维持建筑物功能所耗的能源上， 而 交通汽车只占到约 30%， 而外墙和窗户的节能技术是建设低碳建筑的首要技术条件。 在墙体节能技术中， 只有大幅度减少节能保温墙体的热桥， 减少热量流失的通道， 才 能使建筑节能真正取得预期的效果， 建筑领域应为我国政府向世界承诺的减排二氧化 碳 40〜45%提供保证。 附图说明
图 1是背景技术中粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰保温复合保温墙体洞口热桥示意图之一； 图 2是背景技术中粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰保温复合保温墙体洞口热桥示意图之二； 图 3是背景技术中夹芯保温复合墙体挑檐板热桥示意图；
图 4是实施方式一的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图， 洞口保温层为保温砂浆 或胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为保温砂浆或胶粉 聚苯颗粒抹灰保护层；
图 5是实施方式一的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图， 洞口保温层为保温砂浆 或胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为水泥砂浆抹灰保 护层；
图 6是实施方式一的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图， 洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为粘贴 EPS 板薄抹灰薄条保温保护 层；
图 7是实施方式一的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图， 洞口保温层为矿物棉保 温， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为水泥砂浆抹灰保护层；
图 8是实施方式一的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造水平剖面图， 洞口保温层为矿物棉保 温， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰薄条的保护 层， 室内门窗侧部分抹灰为保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒；
图 9是实施方式四门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图， 洞口保温层为保温砂浆或 胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为保温砂浆或胶粉聚 苯颗粒；
图 10是实施方式四门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为保温砂浆或 胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层是水泥砂浆；
图 11是实施方式四门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为粘贴 EPS 板薄抹灰薄条保温的保护 层；
图 12是实施方式四门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层是水泥砂浆；
图 13是实施方式四门窗洞口隔热断桥构造水平剖面图， 洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为粘贴 EPS 板薄抹灰薄条保温的保护 层， 室内保护层部分为保温砂浆；
图 14是实施方式七门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为保温砂浆或 胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为为保温砂浆或胶粉 聚苯颗粒；
图 15是实施方式七门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为保温砂浆或 胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层是水泥砂浆；
图 16是实施方式七门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为为粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰薄条保温的保护 层；
图 17是实施方式七门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为是水泥砂浆；
图 18是实施方式七门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图， 洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧为粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰薄条保温的保护层， 与图 16不同的是， 矿物棉还位 于洞口基层墙体侧壁， 门窗安装在洞口侧壁基层墙体范围内；.
图 19是实施方式七的门窗洞口隔热断桥构造水平剖面图， 洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰薄条保温的保护 层， 室内洞口侧壁为保温砂浆， 矿物棉还位于洞口基层墙体侧壁， 门窗安装在洞口侧 壁基层墙体范围内；
图 20是实施方式九门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为保温砂浆或 胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为保温砂浆或胶粉聚 苯颗粒；
图 21是实施方式九门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为保温砂浆或 胶粉聚苯颗粒， 门窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层是水泥砂浆；
图 22是实施方式九门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧室外保护层为粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰薄条保温保护层；
图 23是实施方式九门窗洞口隔热断桥构造垂直剖面图，洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层是水泥砂浆；
图 24是实施方式九门窗洞口隔热断桥构造水平剖面图，洞口保温层为矿物棉， 门 窗型材外侧即位于洞口门窗外侧的室外保护层为粘贴 EPS 板薄抹灰薄条保温的保护 层， 室内侧为保温砂浆。 具体实施方式
具体实施方式一： 见图 4〜图 8， 本实施方式的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断 桥构造由保温层 3、 室内保护层 8-1、 室外保护层 8-2、 门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1、 门窗 室外侧保护层 8-2-2、 门窗 20组成； 所述保温层 3为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物 秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温料， 所述保温层 3为一种保温材料或 不同保温材料； 所述门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2、 门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1为具有保温作 用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述室内保护层 8-1、 室外保护层 8-2为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层;所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂 浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述保温层
3位于室内保护层 8-1与室外保护层 8-2之间， 保温层 3与室内保护层 8-1和室外保护 层 8-2连接； 门窗 20安装在门窗洞口的保温层 3上， 在门窗 20的两侧分别有门窗室 内侧保护层 8-1-1和门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断 桥构造。
低能耗建筑应采用隔热断桥构造， 目前用得最多的保温层为导热系数较低、 价格 较低的材料， 如高分子保温材料 EPS板。 复合墙体内的保温层可以为一种保温材料， 还可以为不同的保温材料： 墙体的保温层为耐火性差的高分子保温材料时， 洞口周围 局部保温层应选用防火性能好的保温材料， 例如矿物棉、 保温砂浆， 胶粉聚苯颗粒保 温桨料。 还如， 在建筑主体结构外侧的芯层可喷涂聚氨酯发泡胶保温， 而在框架洞口 内可以为 EPS板。 图 6〜图 8表示洞口保温层为岩棉， 其中图 6、 图 8洞口门窗外侧的 保护层为粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰保温条的保护层， 隔热断桥效果最好， 图 6、 图 8所标注 的 L+a长度段的热阻不小于主墙体热阻时， 洞口线性传热系数为 "0"; 但是图 5表示 洞口保温层为保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒。 保温砂浆和胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料的导热系 数约为 0.07~0.08w/m.k， 洞口线性传热系数约为 0.03〜0.04 w/m.k， 可减少洞口热桥 60-70%, 也是很可观的。
洞口采用矿物棉保温时， 因矿物棉极易吸潮塌陷变形， 应用塑料薄膜或塑料复合 膜包裹矿物棉包裹矿物棉。 对矿物棉防水防潮层最有效且价格低廉的材料是聚酯夹铝 箔 （PET//AL//PET) 塑料复合膜， 因有铝箔层， 水蒸气渗透阻很大。 本实施方式所述 防水防潮层 15粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 也包括防水防潮层 15包裹洞口周边保温 层， 图 6〜图 8及后面实施方式的附图中洞口保温层为矿物棉时， 都表示矿物棉被防水 防潮层包裹， 但是若室内己经设置防潮层， 不会有水蒸气渗透出去， 则聚酯夹铝箔塑 料复合膜也可只粘贴在矿物棉上部防水， 不必包裹。 但是现在采暖地区夏季也有梅雨 天气使得矿物棉可能受潮， 故洞口为矿物棉保温层时， 矿物棉四周包裹隔气层最好。
具体实施方式二:.见图 4〜图 8， 本实施方式与具体实施方式一的不同点是， 本实 施方式增加耐碱网布 5-1 ; 所述耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 门窗 20安 装在洞口的耐碱网布 5-1上，耐碱网布 5-1与室内保护层 8-1及室外保护层 8-2搭接粘 贴连接。
耐碱网布是 《耐碱玻璃纤维网布》 JCT-841-2007标准中对耐碱玻璃纤维网布的简 称。 耐碱网布在强碱的普通硅酸盐水泥中的强度保留率可不低于 80%， 耐碱网布具有 相当的抗拉能力。 国外从 70年代应用的加入耐碱短切玻纤维的 GRC墙板， 目前有使 用近 30年还在继续使用的工程实例。将耐碱网布的强度保留值乘以一定的安全储备系 数作为耐碱网布抗拉强度设计值， 就可比照钢筋、 钢丝网进行设计计算， 设置耐碱网 布将洞口内外拉接比用金属网拉接减少传热， 安装方便， 且金属网易腐蚀。 粘贴耐碱 网布可以用水泥聚合物砂浆或胶浆薄抹灰， 但增加洞口传热 （水泥和砂都增加传热）， 还可以直接用水溶性胶粘剂粘贴， 但是与洞口两侧的室内保护层及室外保护层粘贴可 用水泥聚合物砂浆粘贴。 实施方式五洞口也同样按此粘贴粘耐碱网布， 但是室内侧是 与基层墙体粘贴。
具体实施方式三： 见图 4〜图 8， 本实施方式与实施方式一或二的不同点是， 本实 施方式增加防水防潮层 15， 所述防水防潮层 15为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄膜或塑 料复合膜； 所述防水防潮层 15有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 15替代耐碱网布 5-1， 直接粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 门窗 20安装在洞口防水防潮层 15上； b、 防水防潮 层 15粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 5-1的上面， 门窗 20安装在洞口防水防潮层 15上； c、 防水防潮层 15粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在防水防潮层 15的表 面， 门窗 20安装在洞口耐碱网布 5-1上； 所述防水防潮层 15与室内保护层 8-1及室 外保护层 8-2搭接粘贴连接。
门窗洞口防水的重点位置是窗台，但是洞口四周都设置防水防潮层更有利，具体 应根据洞口周边保温层材料品种不同， 确定门窗洞口防水防潮层的设置范围。 高分子 防水卷材如聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材， 或 PVC防水卷材。普通水泥砂浆在塑料膜或高 分子防水卷材上抹灰， 需涂刷胶粘剂配制的界面剂抹灰， 可与防水防潮层粘接。
实施方式一〜三适用于背景技术所述的发明名称为 "两侧设有钢筋 /和钢丝网抹灰 的复合保温墙体"专利， "一种耐碱玻纤网抹灰的复合构件"专利的复合保温墙体的 门窗洞口构造。 图 4〜图 8中室内保护层 8-1及室外保护层 8-2中未标注的曲线是这两 个专利的复合墙体抹灰层中的钢丝网或耐碱网布， 因与本发明无关， 故未标注。
门窗 20安装在门窗洞口的保温层 3上， 是指门窗的安装位置位于洞口保温层上， 安装门窗时用聚氨酯发泡粘贴安装， 聚氨酯发泡胶也是保温材料。 此外门窗的连接钢 片还需要与室内保护层 8-1或室外保护层 8-2固定， 用钢钉将连接钢片与室内或室外 保护层固定， 再加上聚氨酯密封胶的密封固定是很牢固的。 在窗台上有窗台板时， 窗 台位置的门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1就是用窗台板替代。
背景技术所述的本专利申请人的专利， 在门窗洞口一般设有钢筋 （附图中均未做 表示）， 内外钢筋之间一般设有不锈钢拉接钢丝连接时， 实施方式一就可不设耐碱网布 拉接。 实施方式二在洞口保温层上面再粘贴耐碱网布， 将室内外保护层拉接， 安装门 窗就更安全。
改性的水泥砂桨或改性的细石混凝土保护层为添加外加剂、 粉煤灰、 石粉、 防水 剂改性， 还包括添加高分子或胶粘剂的水泥聚合物砂浆或聚合物混凝土， 因此钉钢钉 部位的室内外保护层为弹性水泥聚合物砂浆时， 更方便牢固固定安装门窗连接钢片的 钢钉。 .
具体实施方式四：见图 9〜图 13，本实施方式的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断 桥构造由保温层 3、 基层墙体 1、 室外保护层 8-2、 门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1、 门窗室外 侧保护层 8-2-2、 门窗 20组成； 所述保温层 3为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆 或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温料， 所述保温层 3为一种保温材料或不同 保温材料； 所述基层墙体 1为砌筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2、 门窗室内侧保护层 8-1 -1为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂桨或细石混凝土抹灰 层， 或门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2为预制水泥纤维板、幕墙板； 所述室外保护层 8-2为水 泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 或为预制水泥纤维板、 幕墙板； 所述水泥砂桨或细石混 凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混 凝土抹灰层； 所述保温层 3位于基层墙体 1与室外保护层 8-2之间； 门窗 20安装在门 窗洞口的保温层 3上， 在门窗 20的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1、 门窗室外侧 保护层 8-2-2， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。
改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土保护层为添加外加剂、 粉煤灰、 石粉、 防水 剂等改性， 还包括添加高分子或胶粘剂的水泥聚合物砂浆或聚合物混凝土。
本实施方式的室外保护层 8-2、 门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2为预制水泥纤维板， 或为 幕墙装饰时， 主要是指外墙外保温在轻钢龙骨中间填塞矿物棉保温， 轻钢龙骨外部固 定预制水泥纤维板或幕墙装饰板。
. 具体实施方式五： 见图 9〜图 13， 本实施方式与具体实施方式四的不同点是， 本实 施方式增加耐碱网布 5-1 ; 所述耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 门窗 20安 装在耐碱网布 5-1上， 耐碱网布 5-1与基层墙体 1及室外保护层 8-2搭接粘贴连接。
具体实施方式六： 见图 9〜图 13， 本实施方式与具体实施方式四或五的不同点是， 本实施方式增加防水防潮层 15 , 所述防水防潮层 15为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄膜 或塑料复合膜； 所述防水防潮层 15有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 15替代耐碱网布 5-1， 直接粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 门窗 20安装在洞口防水防潮层 15上； b、 防 水防潮层 15粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 5-1的上面，门窗 20安装在洞口防水防潮层 15上； c、 防水防潮层 15粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在防水防潮层 15的 表面， 门窗 20安装在洞口耐碱网布 5-1上； 所述防水防潮层 15与基层墙体 1及室外 保护层 8-2搭接粘贴连接。
实施方式四〜六适用于背景技术所述的第 2专利的门窗洞口来用隔热断桥构造，还 适用于第 3专利中实施方式一、 十三和二十一中的 "芯层 3……部分为保温材料、 部 分为非保温材料构成， 例如内侧为填充砌体、外侧为保温材料…… " 的门窗洞口采用 隔热断桥构造， 还适用于第 4专利中的实施方式六 "芯层 3部分为高分子保温材料 3 , 部分为砌筑墙体 3-1 "的复合保温墙体采用隔热断桥构造， 以及本实施方式还适用于外 侧有钢丝网抹灰的复合保温墙体， 例如钢丝网架夹芯水泥板作为混凝土墙或砌筑墙体 的外保温层，外侧有水泥砂浆保护层时门窗洞口采用本实施方式的隔热断桥构造。 背 景技术所述的本专利申请人的专利， 在门窗洞口室外侧设有钢筋， 洞口钢筋与基层墙 体之间设不锈钢拉接钢丝连接时， 实施方式四可不设耐碱网布拉接。 实施方式五在洞 口保温层上面再粘贴耐碱网布， 将室内外保护层拉接， 进一步保证安装门窗的安全。
具体实施方式七： 见图 14〜图 19， 本实施方式的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热 断桥构造由保温层 3、 基层墙体 1、 外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙 2、 耐碱网布 5-1、 门窗 室内侧保护层 8-1 -1、 门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2、 门窗 20组成； 所述保温层 3为高分子 保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温料， 所述保 温层 3为一种保温材料或不同保温材料； 所述基层墙体 1为砌筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1、 门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2为具有保温作用的保护层， 或 为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆 或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述保温层 3 位于基层墙体 1与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙 2之间； 所述耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在洞口保 温层 3的表面， 耐碱网布 5-1与基层墙体 1及与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙 2搭接粘贴 拉接， 门窗 20安装在洞口保温层 3上的耐碱网布 5-1上， 在门窗 20的两侧分别有门 窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1、 门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔 热断桥构造。
改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土保护层为添加外加剂、 粉煤灰、 石粉、 防水 剂等改性， 还包括添加高分子或胶粘剂的水泥聚合物砂浆或聚合物混凝土。
具体实施方式八： 见图 14〜图 19， 本实施方式与实施方式七的不同点是， 本实施 方式增加防水防潮层 15 , 所述防水防潮层 15为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄膜或塑料 复合膜； 所述防水防潮层 15有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 15替代耐碱网布 5-1， 直接粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 门窗 20安装在涧口防水防潮层 15上； b、 防水防潮 层 15粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 5-1的上面， 门窗 20安装在洞口防水防潮层 15上； c、 防水防潮层 15粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在防水防潮层 15的表 面， 门窗 20安装在洞口耐碱网布 5-1上； 防水防潮层 15与基层墙体 1及外叶砌体或 外叶混凝土墙 2搭接粘贴连接。
实施方式七、 八适用于夹芯保温墙体采用门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。 目前夹芯保温 墙体的基层墙体与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙在门窗口都是连接的， 形成热桥， 本实施 方式将具有受拉作用的耐碱网布粘贴在洞口保温层表面， 基层墙体与外叶砌体或外叶 混凝土墙在门窗口可不用砌体或混凝土连接， 耐碱网布与基层墙体及外叶砌体或外叶 混凝土墙搭接粘贴拉接，可以起到将基层墙体与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙拉接的作用， 门窗连接钢片与基层墙体固定，可以保证洞口隔热断桥构造的安全及外叶砌体的安全。 还可以在基层墙体与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙上钉钢钉， 在内外钢钉之间缠绕绑扎不 锈钢细铁线进一步增加拉接。
具体实施方式九： 见图 20〜图 24， 本实施方式的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热 断桥构造由保温层 3、 基层墙体 1、 耐碱网布 5-1、 室外薄抹灰保护层 8-2、 门窗室内 侧保护层 8-1-1、 门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2、 门窗 20组成； 所述保温层 3为高分子保温 材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温料， 所述保温层 3为一种保温材料或不同保温材料； 所述基层墙体 1 为砌筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述 门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1、 门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水 泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细 石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述室外薄抹灰保 护层 8-2为水泥聚合物砂浆玻纤网薄抹灰， 所述保温层 3位于基层墙体 1与室外薄抹 灰保护层 8-2之间， 保温层 3与基层墙体 1及与室外薄抹灰保护层 8-2连接； 所述耐 碱网布 5-1粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 耐碱网布 5-1与基层墙体 1及室外薄抹灰保 护层 8-2搭接粘贴拉接， 门窗 20安装在洞口保温层 3上的耐碱网布 5-1上， 在门窗 20 的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护层 8-1-1和门窗室外侧保护层 8-2-2， 形成一种复合保温 墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。
改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土保护层为添加外加剂、 粉煤灰、 石粉、 防水 剂等改性， 还包括添加高分子或胶粘剂的水泥聚合物砂浆或聚合物混凝土。
现在薄抹灰外保温墙体表面粘贴的玻纤网在门窗洞口是采用翻包的构造，. 即在洞 口边缘用水泥聚合物砂浆将玻纤网 （耐碱网布就是玻纤网的一种， 耐碱质量最好， 可 以按需要的抗拉力选择一定规格的耐碱网布） 粘住， 玻纤网包上苯板后翻至保温苯板 的正立面， 即玻纤网没有与基层墙体连接； 而本发明是将耐碱网布直接粘贴至洞口基 层墙体侧面， 然后将门窗安装在洞口保温层上的耐碱网布上， 为减少涧口水泥聚合物 砂浆传热， 在洞口保温层上涂刷聚丙烯酸脂弹性乳液胶粘剂直接粘贴耐碱网布隔热断 桥最好。
具体实施方式十： 见图 20~24， 本实施方式与实施方式九的不同点是， 本实施方 式增加防水防潮层 15， 所述防水防潮层 15为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄膜或塑料复 合膜； 所述防水防潮层 15有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 15替代耐碱网布 5-1， 直 接粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 门窗 20安装在洞口防水防潮层 15上； b、 防水防潮层 15粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 5-1的上面， 门窗 20安装在洞口防水防潮层 15上； c、防水 防潮层 15粘贴在洞口保温层 3的表面， 耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在防水防潮层 15的表面， 门窗 20安装在洞口耐碱网布 5-1上； 防水防潮层 15与基层墙体 1及室外薄抹灰保护 层 8-2-1搭接粘贴连接。
实施方式九、 十适用于薄抹灰保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。 保温层 3与基层 墙体 1及与室外薄抹灰保护层 8-2-1连接是现有技术的粘贴连接， 或增加塑料胀钉将 保温层 3与基层墙体 1固定。 耐碱网布粘贴在洞口保温层表面， 耐碱网布与基层墙体 及室外薄抹灰保护层搭接粘贴拉接， 可以起到将基层墙体与室外薄抹灰保护层拉接的 作用， 门窗连接钢片与基层墙体固定， 可以保证洞口隔热断桥构造时门窗的安全。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造，它包括保温层 (3)、室内保护层 (8-1)、 室外保护层 (8-2)、 门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)、 门窗 (20); 所 述保温层 (3)为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚 苯颗粒保温料， 所述保温层 (3)为一种保温材料或不同保温材料； 所述门窗室外侧保护 层 (8-2-2)、 门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石 混凝土抹灰层； 所述室内保护层 (8-1)、 室外保护层 (8-2)为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰 层； 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性 的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土抹灰层；所述保温层 (3)位于室内保护层 (8-1)与室外保 护层 (8-2)之间， 保温层 (3)与室内保护层 (8-1)和室外保护层 (8-2)连接； 其特征在于， 门 窗 (20)安装在门窗洞口的保温层 (3)上， 在门窗 (20)的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)和门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 其特征在 于，它还包括耐碱网布 (5-1);所述耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面，门窗 (20) 安装在洞口的耐碱网布 (5-1)上， 耐碱网布 (5-1)与室内保护层 (8-1)及室外保护层 (8-2)搭 接粘贴连接。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 其特 征在于，它还包括防水防潮层 (15)，所述防水防潮层 (15)为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄 膜或塑料复合膜； 所述防水防潮层 (15)有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 (15)替代耐碱 网布 (5-1)， 直接粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮层 (15)上； b、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 (5-1)的上面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮 层 (15)上； c、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在防水 防潮层 (15)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口耐碱网布 (5-1)上； 所述防水防潮层 (15)与室内 保护层 (8-1)及室外保护层 (8-2)搭接粘贴连接。
4、 一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 它包括保温层 (3)、 基层墙体 (1)、 室外保护层 (8-2)、 门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)、 门窗 (20); 所 述保温层 (3)为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝板或保温砂浆或胶粉聚 苯颗粒保温料，所述保温层 (3)为一种保温材料或不同保温材料；所述基层墙体 (1)为砌 筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)、 门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)为具 有保温作用的保护层，或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层，或门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2) 为预制水泥纤维板、 幕墙板； 所述室外保护层 (8-2)为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 或为预制水泥纤维板、 幕墙板； 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂桨或 细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述保温层 (3) 位于基层墙体 (1)与室外保护层 (8-2)之间； 其特征在于， 门窗 (20)安装在门窗洞口的保 温层 (3)上， 在门窗 (20)的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。■
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 其特征在 于，它还包括耐碱网布 (5-1);所述耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面，门窗 (20) 安装在耐碱网布 (5-1)上， 耐碱网布 (5-1)与基层墙体 (1)及室外保护 (8-2)搭接粘贴连 接。
6、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 其特 征在于，它还包括防水防潮层 (15)，所述防水防潮层 (15)为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄 膜或塑料复合膜； 所述防水防潮层 (15)有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 (15)替代耐碱 网布 (5-1)， 直接粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮层 (15)上； b、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 (5-1)的上面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮 层 (15)上； C、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在防水 防潮层 (15)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口耐碱网布 (5-1)上； 所述防水防潮层 (15)与基层 墙体 (1)及室外保护层 (8-2)搭接粘贴连接。
7、 一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 它包括保温层 (3)、 基层墙体 (1)、 外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙 (2)、 耐碱网布 (5-1)、 门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外侧 保护层 (8-2-2)、 门窗 (20); 所述保温层 (3)为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸 蜂窝板或保温砂浆，所述保温层 (3)为一种保温材料或不同保蕰材料；所述基层墙体 (1) 为砌筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述门窗室内恻保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2) 为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述水泥砂浆或细石 混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细 石混凝土抹灰层； 所述保温层 (3)位于基层墙体 (1)与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙 (2)之间； 其特征在于， 所述耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 耐碱网布 (5-1)与基层墙 体 (1)及与外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙 (2)搭接粘贴拉接， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口保温层 (3) 上的耐碱网布 (5-1)上， 在门窗 (20)的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外 侧保护层 (8-2-2)， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构^。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 其特征在 于，它还包括防水防潮层 (15),所述防水防潮层 (15)为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄膜或 塑料复合膜； 所述防水防潮层 (15)有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 (15)替代耐碱网布 (5-1), 直接粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮层 (15)上； b、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 (5-1)的上面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮层 (15)±； c、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在涧口保温层 (3)的表面， 耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在防水防 潮层 (15)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口耐碱网布 (5-1)上； 所述防水防潮层 (15)与基层墙 体 (1)及外叶砌体或外叶混凝土墙 (2)搭接粘贴连接。
9、 一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 它包括保温层 (3)、 基层墙体 (1)、 耐碱网布 (5-1)、 室外薄抹灰保护层 (8-2)、 门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外侧保护 层 (8-2-2)、 门窗 (20); 所述保温层 (3)为高分子保温材料或矿物棉或植物秸秆或纸蜂窝 板或保温砂桨或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温料， 所述保温层 (3)为一种保温材料或不同保温材 料； 所述基层墙体 (1)为砌筑墙体或混凝土墙体； 所述门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗 室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层为普通水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层或为改性的 水泥砂桨或改性的细石混凝土抹灰层； 所述门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)、 门窗室外侧保 护层 (8-2-2)为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 或为改性的水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰 层， 或门窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)、 门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)为具有保温作用的保护层； 所述室外薄抹灰保护层 (8-2)为水泥聚合物砂浆玻纤网薄抹灰，所述保温层 (3)位于基层 墙体 (1)与室外薄抹灰保护层 (8-2)之间， 保温层 (3)与基层墙体 (1)及与室外薄抹灰保护 层 (8-2)连接； 其特征在于， 所述耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 耐碱网布 (5-1)与基层墙体 (1)及与室外薄抹灰保护层 (8-2)搭接粘贴拉接， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口保 温层 (3)上的耐碱网布 (5-1)上， 在门窗 (20)的两侧分别有门窗室内侧保护层 (8-1-1)和门 窗室外侧保护层 (8-2-2)， 形成一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种复合保温墙体门窗洞口隔热断桥构造， 其特征在 于，它还包括防水防潮层 (15)，所述防水防潮层 (15)为高分子防水卷材或为塑料薄胰或 塑料复合膜； 所述防水防潮层 (15)有以下安装方式： a、 防水防潮层 (15)替代耐碱网布 (5-1), 直接粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮层 (15)上； b、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在洞口的耐碱网布 (5-1)的上面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口防水防潮层 (15)上； c、 防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在洞口保温层 (3)的表面， 耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在防水防 潮层 (15)的表面， 门窗 (20)安装在洞口耐碱网布 (5-1)上； 所述防水防潮层 (15)与基层墙 体 (1)及及室外薄抹灰保护层 (8-2-1)搭接粘贴连接。
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