WO2011116622A1 - 一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体 - Google Patents

一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011116622A1
WO2011116622A1 PCT/CN2011/000380 CN2011000380W WO2011116622A1 WO 2011116622 A1 WO2011116622 A1 WO 2011116622A1 CN 2011000380 W CN2011000380 W CN 2011000380W WO 2011116622 A1 WO2011116622 A1 WO 2011116622A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steel
outdoor
layer
indoor
mesh
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/000380
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴淑环
Original Assignee
哈尔滨吴淑环建设工程技术研究有限公司
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Publication of WO2011116622A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011116622A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7629—Details of the mechanical connection of the insulation to the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/01—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening elements specially adapted for honeycomb panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal insulation composite wall of a building, in particular to an insulated composite wall with a mesh plaster on both sides.
  • the heat bridge of the door and window opening is the bottleneck of the energy-saving insulation technology of the barrier wall
  • the best application of thermal insulation in China is to paste the EPS board with thin plastering insulation wall, but the fireproof is not good, the durability is not good, and the outer surface is not safe.
  • the best thin plaster insulation wall for energy-saving insulation because the insulation layer pasted around the door and window openings is much thinner than the front facade of the wall, the heat is lost in the sidewall of the hole.
  • the “Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Heilongjiang Republic” compiled by Harbin Institute of Technology gives the thermal bridge value of the thin plaster insulation wall.
  • the thickness of the EPS layer of the insulated insulation layer is not more than 0.12m and greater than or equal to 0.12m.
  • the linear heat transfer coefficient ⁇ values of the hole are O.lw/mk and 0.11w/mk respectively. Because of the large number of door and window openings, the thermal bridge has a great influence. With the window to wall ratio, the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is increased by 0.1 ⁇ 0.2 w. /m 2 .k, and when the wall heat transfer coefficient is below 0.5 w/m 2 ⁇ k, it is difficult to reduce the heat transfer coefficient by 0.1 w/m 2 .k.
  • the effect of the heat bridge on the energy-saving insulation of the wall at the door and window is illustrated by the following metaphor:
  • the hot bridge at the hole is like a neck or a hole in the wall.
  • the weather is very cold, it is necessary to surround the wool scarf, or there is a hole in the wall to block the hole. . If you don't wear a scarf or a hole, you can make up for this heat loss by increasing the thickness of the coat or increasing the thickness of the wall.
  • the heat bridges in the heating and opening areas have a great influence on the building energy saving.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the main wall should be about 0.2 ⁇ 0.25w/m because of the influence of the thermal bridge on the balcony. 2 .k
  • the thickness of the insulation layer of the benzene board to be pasted is about 250 ⁇ 200mm, which not only increases the cost, but also wastes valuable land resources, which is difficult to be accepted by investors and affects the realization of national energy conservation and emission reduction targets.
  • all the wall energy-saving insulation technologies in the world do not solve the problem of the door window heat bridge.
  • the current composite wall has a common quality problem of poor waterproofing of the door and window openings.
  • rainwater often enters the gap between the EPS board and the base wall.
  • the frost heaving in winter causes the quality of the EPS board to fall off, because the current window waterproofing only depends on the outer protective layer of the window and the window.
  • Filling the elastic sealant, due to the shrinkage of the elastic sealant, etc. causes the waterproof to be unreliable.
  • Heilongjiang province now stipulates that a concrete cantilever plate extending from the indoor base wall should be installed at the window sill to press (or buckle) the attached EPS board to prevent rainwater from entering.
  • the gap between the EPS board and the base wall is not only an increase in cost, but also a thermal bridge for heat loss. 2.
  • the patent inventor of the present patent application has the following problems:
  • the door and window openings have a plastering protection layer thermal bridge, which affects the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect of the composite wall, especially for building low-energy buildings.
  • the linear heat transfer coefficient of the thermal bridge of the cave cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer is 0.15w/mk. Even if the outside of the hole is pasted with 20 ⁇ 30mm insulation rod, the linear heat transfer coefficient is 0.1w/mk, and the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is 0.1 ⁇ 0.2 w/m 2 .k, which is unfavorable for energy-saving insulation. Low heat transfer coefficient.
  • the concrete supported cantilever beam is not convenient for construction, inconvenient to connect with the steel structure, affecting the construction progress, high cost, and inconvenient for the application of existing building energy-saving renovation projects.
  • the patent applicant ZL200410002698.7 is set to be a steel support 2, and the steel-supported cantilever beam with steel or steel plate is used to waste steel.
  • the steel support increases heat transfer too much, and it is difficult to effectively prevent it in the sealed composite wall.
  • the reason why the patent applicant used steel support at that time was because of the influence of the decorative structure of the installed stone curtain wall.
  • the profile steel when installing the stone curtain wall is penetrated by the insulation layer and the base wall or fixed with the main structure of the building.
  • the profile steel of the main keel of the stone curtain wall is fixed with the section steel penetrating the insulation layer, and the secondary keel is installed on the main keel, and then The stone curtain wall is connected to the main and auxiliary keels.
  • the protective layer on the outer side of the composite thermal insulation wall formed by the publicly-opened patent is a curtain wall formed by steel bars and steel wire plastering and suspended by a steel bar connection. Therefore, it is supported by steel by the influence of the stone curtain wall decoration structure.
  • the steel support or the concrete support cantilever beam is set to install the steel bar at the outer end of the cantilever and to provide additional steel bars.
  • the steel wire is tying the wire mesh and plastering to form the steel bars and the wire mesh plastered by the supported cantilever beams.
  • the curtain wall ensures the safety of the plaster protection layer and the outer decoration layer to ensure the fire safety of the composite insulation wall.
  • the thickness of the steel bar and wire mesh plastering wall is about 20mm (the groove in the core layer needs to be grooved) to 30mm (no groove), which is good for preventing corrosion of the steel bars in the protective layer.
  • the plaster protection layer with a thickness of 20 ⁇ 30mm can guarantee the fire resistance limit is not less than 1.0 ⁇ 1.5 hours, and the fire safety is good.
  • the publicly supported concrete-supported cantilever beam has the following problems:
  • the on-site formwork is installed with concrete-supported cantilever beam, the steel bar supporting the cantilever beam is anchored in the concrete, and a hole is required to be opened on the formwork, which is inconvenient to install the template, which is more damaging to the formwork, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive;
  • the concrete supports the cantilever beam, the prefabrication quantity is too large, and the steel plate is welded to the pre-embedded steel plate on the main structure at the back end.
  • the steel consumption is large, the amount of bombing is large, and the construction is troublesome, and it is not feasible.
  • the vertical and horizontal spacing of the steel is about 0.8 ⁇ 1.2. m, the number of sections is large, the section is large, and the amount of heat transfer is large, which greatly affects the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
  • a channel with a height of 80mm and a wall thickness of 5mm has a cross-section of 12.24 cm 2 . Even if there is only one wall per square meter, the heat transfer is much increased.
  • the applicant's patent has no base wall.
  • the indoor is the inner side protection layer of the steel bar and the wire mesh plaster as the core layer.
  • the steel side column needs to be installed on the indoor side to be fixed with the steel form that protrudes into the room.
  • the amount of the steel is fixed at a high cost.
  • the indoor point of the winter steel in the heating area should be dew condensation, which not only affects the energy saving of the building, but also affects the energy saving of the building.
  • the wall is durable and has become a quality question. ⁇ '
  • the composite wall of the disclosed technology does not solve the structure of the composite wall door window when the door and window openings are curved. 6. How does the composite wall of the public technology deal with huge horizontal loads, such as hurricanes and typhoons?
  • the thickness of the protective layer of the present invention is not less than 20 to 30 mm, and the mesh tensile material such as the metal mesh should be located in the middle of the protective layer, but the metal mesh is rolled in a roll. How to ensure the accuracy of installing the mesh tensile material and the core layer from the poultry during construction, and it is convenient for construction and low cost? The disclosed technology does not solve this problem.
  • the disclosed technology does not address the problem of preventing water vapor from entering the composite wall.
  • the indoor water vapor pressure in the heating area is about 10 times that of the outdoor.
  • the waterproof gas barrier is installed to prevent the indoor water vapor from penetrating into the outdoor environment through the wall in the heating area in winter. It is important to prevent the core layer from being damp and reduce the energy saving effect of the composite wall.
  • the thermal insulation composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides of the broken bridge can greatly reduce or eliminate the thermal bridge of the door and window opening to achieve the purpose of heat sealing and breaking the bridge; the present invention also proposes technical measures for the nine problems described in the background art. To achieve convenient construction, reduce cost, improve project quality, increase durability, and meet the different needs of building walls.
  • the invention relates to an insulated composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides, which comprises a load-bearing member of a main structure of a building, a core layer, a mesh tensile material, an indoor steel bar, an outdoor steel bar, a protective layer, and an outer protective layer of the door and window of the opening.
  • the indoor steel bar comprises indoor vertical steel bars and indoor horizontal steel bars;
  • the core layer is polymer thermal insulation material, mineral wool felt, plant straw, paper honeycomb board, heat preservation sand pad or rubber powder polystyrene particle heat preservation slurry, or A composite board in which a polymer thermal insulation board is bonded to a cement fiber board or a calcium calcium board, or a lightweight masonry, or a composite wall of the masonry wall and the core layer on the indoor side of the core layer is composited with the masonry
  • the mesh tensile material is an alkali-resistant mesh cloth or a metal mesh or a bamboo mesh; the outer protective layer of the door and the outer side of the door and the
  • the outdoor horizontal steel bars are connected to the outdoor vertical steel bars, or the outdoor horizontal steel bars are fixed at both ends with the supporting cantilever beams; the indoor horizontal steel bars are fixed with the indoor vertical steel bars, or the indoor horizontal steel bars and the building main body
  • the column or wall of the structural load-bearing member is fixed; one end of the indoor vertical steel bar under the window sill is anchored with the beam or plate of the load-bearing member of the main structure of the building, and the other end is fixed with the indoor horizontal steel bar of the window;
  • the outdoor steel bar and the indoor steel bar are respectively embedded
  • the inner and outer pull wires are stainless steel wires or plastic ropes or chemical fiber ropes; the inner and outer pull wires connect the indoor steel bars with the outdoor steel bars; or the inner and outer pull wires are anchored in the load-bearing members of the main structure of the building.
  • the outer end of the inner and outer pull wiring is connected with the outdoor steel bar; the inner and outer pull wires can be horizontally pulled or diagonally Cross-pull connection; the mesh tensile material is installed in the following manner: 1), the mesh tensile material is buried in the protective layer, the mesh tensile material is connected with the outdoor steel bar and the indoor steel bar; 2), the adhesive is used Adhering the alkali-resistant mesh cloth to the surface of the protective layer; the above two methods are selected or selected at the same time; 3), or based on the first two technical solutions, the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is pasted on the surface of the core layer of the door window and The M side protective layer is lapped; the core layer is located at the door and window opening without cement mortar or fine stone concrete protective layer; the door and window are installed on the core layer of the hole, or the door and window are installed on the core layer of the hole On the cloth, forming a hole insulation bridge An insulated composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides; on the two sides of the door and window
  • the composite thermal insulation wall of the present invention adopts the heat insulation and breaking bridge measures of the opening, and the heat transfer coefficient of the wall is far lower than the heat transfer coefficient of the disclosed patent composite wall according to the background art, and the larger the window to wall ratio The greater the difference between the two, the greater the wall energy-saving insulation effect.
  • the thickness of the EPS board is 0.2 ⁇ 0.3m, and the total thickness of the composite wall is 0.26 ⁇ 0.36 (this is a wall thickness that makes people feel comfortable).
  • the average heat transfer of the composite wall of the present invention The coefficient can reach 0.26 ⁇ 0.18w/m 2 .k, and the average heat transfer coefficient of the composite wall disclosed by the applicant of the patent is 0.47 ⁇ 0.386 w/m 2 .k, that is, the composite wall of the invention is more than the patent
  • the patented composite wall of the applicant reduces heat transfer heat loss by about half, which can meet the needs of low-energy buildings, and is of great significance for reducing the heat transfer coefficient of composite walls and building low-energy buildings in heating areas, especially in severe cold regions.
  • Window size ratio Area 150 180 200 250 300 Wall wall heat transfer coefficient on both sides 0.264 0.228 0.209 0.173 0.147 Wall column heat transfer coefficient 0.412 0.327 0.291 0.228 0.188 Support overhang ⁇ pass a coefficient . 2.99 2.85 2.755 2.558 2.381
  • the hot bridge at the hole is "0" 0.332 0.277 0.251 0.205 0.173
  • the hot bridge at the hole is "0" 0.340 0.284 0.257 0.209 0.177
  • the hot bridge at the hole is "0" 0.347 0.289 0.262 0.213 0.179 2.2x2.3 0.76 5.02 has a hot bridge with a hole, the thermal bridge increases by 0.631 0.569 0.540 0.489 0.426
  • the hot bridge at the hole is "0" 0.362 0.300 0.271 0.220 0.186 Description: 1.
  • the data in the table is calculated according to the following assumptions: the height of the frame structure is 2.8m, the opening is 3.6, the outer area of the beam is 2.6m 2 , and the beam is outside the « EPS board The thickness ratio is 6mm in the table and 3 cantilever beams are supported.
  • the thermal conductivity of the EPS board is 0.05 w/m.k (the polyurethane foam for the joints, regardless of the joint effect), and the thermal conductivity of the outer EPS board of the beam and column is modified to be 0.053 w/m.k.
  • the upper row of the same window-to-wall ratio in the attached table is the two publicly-applied composite walls of the inventor of the patent application, the average heat transfer coefficient of the hot bridge with holes, and the next row is the heat insulation of the hole of the present invention.
  • the average heat transfer coefficient of the composite wall when the bridge, and the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hole is "0".
  • the key difference between the present invention and the disclosed technology is that the present invention adopts a thermal break bridge structure at the door and window opening. At present, all the energy-saving insulation wall technologies do not solve the problem of heat bridges at the door and window openings, and a large amount of energy is lost around the door and window openings.
  • the composite thermal insulation wall of the invention adopts the measures of heat insulation and broken bridge of the opening, and the energy-saving thermal insulation effect of the composite wall far exceeds the energy-saving thermal insulation effect of the disclosed patented composite wall of the background technology, which is important for building energy conservation and emission reduction. significance. ' .
  • the invention proposes that the supporting cantilever beam is a steel truss cantilever beam, and the steel truss cantilever beam has a structure that the slanting rod is subjected to tensile force, the construction is convenient, the speed is fast, the template is not damaged, the installation artificial and welding material consumption is saved, and the construction cost is low. .
  • the invention provides that the core layer is completely fixed on the outside of the load-bearing member of the main structure of the building, forming the structure of the external thermal insulation composite wall body, the core layer is installed at a high speed, the construction is more convenient, the construction cost is low, and the wall energy-saving and heat preservation effect is increased, and the design is designed. Calculating the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is simple.
  • the invention proposes a convenient installation of the curtain wall decoration, convenient installation of the anti-theft fence of the opening and the thick decoration of the opening of the hole: setting the parallel double reinforcing bars, setting the steel bars between the parallel double reinforcing bars to form the small truss structure or setting the steel plate or the partial
  • the welded block-shaped steel structure overcomes the problem that the existing steel wall penetration insulation layer and the base wall must be fixed when the above-mentioned heavy objects are installed on the outer wall, the number of steel bars is large, the steel consumption is large, the section is large, and the effect of energy saving and emission reduction is affected.
  • the invention provides the construction of the curved window opening, thereby meeting the needs of the diverse decoration of the outer wall.
  • the invention provides a method for fixing the mesh tensile material by using plastic expansion nails and other methods, meeting the simple method of construction and installation, speeding up the construction speed, ensuring the construction quality of the network tensile material, reducing labor and reducing the cost.
  • the invention provides a waterproof layer at the opening of the hole, which can solve the common quality problem of poor waterproofing of the composite wall, and plays an important role in extending the durability of the composite wall.
  • the invention provides a plastic film or a plastic composite film on the wall as a waterproof and moisture-proof layer, has good moisture-proof effect, low cost and simple installation, further increases the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect of the composite wall, and prolongs the durability of the composite wall.
  • the invention improves the construction of the already disclosed technology and proposes specific measures that are conducive to construction and installation.
  • the invention comprehensively solves the problems existing in the prior art proposed by the prior art, and the utility model has the advantages of convenient design and convenient construction, and the economy, thermal insulation performance and earthquake resistance of the composite wall with mesh plastering on both sides. Wind resistance and reduced energy consumption during the construction phase exceed all walls including light steel skeleton walls.
  • the invention can simultaneously meet the many requirements of the contemporary human body for the wall: light weight, heat preservation and energy saving, land saving, earthquake resistance and wind resistance, safety of the outer facing surface, fire prevention complying with regulations, low cost and convenient construction.
  • the invention is of great significance for building earthquake resistance and wind resistance to cope with global climate change.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a window of a thermal insulation composite wall with a mesh plaster on both sides of the hole insulation bridge of the first embodiment, the core layer of the hole is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer of the window is a thin plaster insulation layer;
  • Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view of a thermal insulation composite wall with a mesh plaster on both sides of the hole insulation bridge of the first embodiment, wherein the core layer of the hole is mineral wool, and the outer protective layer of the window is a thin plaster insulation layer;
  • FIG. 3 is a structural view of a vertical section heat-insulating bridge of a thermal insulation composite wall window with mesh plastering on both sides of the opening heat-insulated bridge of the first embodiment, wherein the core layer is located outside the main structure of the building, and is externally mounted. Insulation composite wall;
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a horizontal cross-section thermal insulation bridge of a thermal insulation composite wall with a mesh plaster on both sides of the opening heat insulation broken bridge of the first embodiment, the core layers are all located outside the main structure of the building , is an external thermal insulation composite wall;
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the thermal insulation broken bridge structure of the insulated composite wall with net plaster on both sides in the first and third embodiments, wherein the core layer of the hole is thermal insulation mortar, The outer protective layer of the window is an insulating mortar;
  • Figure 0 is a vertical sectional view of a thermal insulation composite wall of a sill with a mesh plaster on both sides of the first embodiment and the third embodiment.
  • the core layer of the hole is mineral wool
  • the outer protective layer of the window is a thin plaster insulation layer.
  • Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of a heat insulating composite wall with a mesh plaster on both sides in the first and third embodiments in a heat insulating broken bridge structure of the window sill, wherein the core layer of the hole is mineral wool, and the outer layer of the window is a cement mortar;
  • Figure 8 is a structural view showing the installation of a concrete supported cantilever beam
  • Figure 9 is a structural view of the installation of the cantilever beam of the concrete support when the curtain wall is decorated;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of a steel truss supporting cantilever beam
  • Figure 11 is a layout view of the indoor steel bar of the insulated composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides;
  • Figure 12 is an indoor steel bar layout diagram of a thermal insulation composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides at a large solid wall
  • Figure 13 is a horizontal strip-shaped outdoor support for a thermal insulation composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides Cantilever beam and steel layout, the horizontal reinforcement of the window sill is double steel
  • FIG. 14 is to have a support both insulating composite wall outdoor cantilevered beams and reinforced plastering network layout, double horizontal rebar reinforced sill:
  • Figure 15 is a layout view of a composite reinforcement wall of a composite thermal insulation wall having a mesh plaster on both sides of the sixth embodiment
  • Figure 16 is a vertical sectional view of a thermal insulation composite wall window with a mesh plaster on both sides of a heat bridge at the entrance.
  • Figure 17 is a first embodiment of a masonry wall 3-2 and a core layer 3 bonded and composited, the hole insulation bridge Vertical sectional view of a composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides;
  • Figure 18 is a vertical sectional view showing a composite wall of a mesh plastering on both sides of an insulated bridge of the opening of the joint wall 3-2 and the core layer 3 according to the first embodiment;
  • FIG. 19 is a layout diagram of an outer steel bar of a double-row steel bar around the opening of the composite thermal insulation wall of the sixth embodiment
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the connection of the upper and lower horizontal reinforcing bars 7-2 of the window of FIG. 19 and the outdoor vertical reinforcing bars 7-1 of the double reinforcing bar
  • 21 is a layout diagram of the external reinforcement of the insulated composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides of the eighth embodiment
  • FIG. 22 is a vertical wall of the insulated composite wall with the mesh plaster on both sides of the thermal bridge at the opening.
  • the elevation of the window epithelium is the same as the elevation of the beam.
  • Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside and outside of the plastic expansion nail of the ninth embodiment.
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve 40-1 of the plastic expansion nail 40;
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the core rod 40-2 of the plastic expansion nail 40;
  • Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the mounting method of the indoor and outdoor mesh tensile material of the embodiment 9;
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the mounting of the card member 18 for accurately mounting the mesh tensile material in the ninth embodiment.
  • Embodiment 1 Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , a heat insulating composite wall with mesh plaster on both sides of the embodiment is composed of a load-bearing member 1 , a core layer 3 and a mesh resistance of a main structure of the building.
  • the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building is a beam (including a foundation beam), a plate (including a base floor), a column, a load-bearing wall;
  • the outdoor reinforcing bar 7 includes an outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1, an outdoor horizontal reinforcing bar 7
  • the indoor steel bar 6 includes indoor vertical steel bars 6-1 and indoor horizontal steel bars 6-2;
  • the core layer 3 is polymer thermal insulation material, mineral wool felt, plant straw, paper honeycomb board, thermal insulation mortar or rubber powder.
  • the mesh tensile material 5 is an alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 or a metal mesh 5-2 or a bamboo mesh 5-3;
  • the outer and outer protective layer 8-1 of the opening and the inner and outer protective layer of the opening and closing of the door and the opening 8- 2 is a protective layer with thermal insulation effect, or a cement mortar or fine stone concrete plastering layer, the cement mortar or fine stone concrete comprises ordinary cement mortar or fine stone concrete, and also includes modified cement mortar or modified Fine stone concrete;
  • the supporting cantilever beam or plate 1-5 is a concrete supporting cantilever beam or plate, see Fig.
  • the core layer 3 is installed between the beam, the plate and the column of the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building, and the inner frame formed by the load-bearing wall, and the core layer 3 is also provided on the outer side of the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building ( See Fig. 1, Fig.
  • outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 located on the window wall
  • the lower end is fixed to the outer end of the supporting cantilever beam or the plate 1-5 (fixed with the outer end steel bar, the embedded steel plate or the pre-buried steel), and is located at one end of the vertical vertical steel bar 7-1 under the window sill and supports the cantilever beam or plate 1 -5 is fixed at the outer end, and the other end is fixed with the outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 of the window (see Figure ⁇ , Figure 13, the balcony plate is also such a structure); the upper and lower ends of the indoor vertical steel bar 6-1 located in the window wall and the building
  • the beam or plate of the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure is anchored;
  • the outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 has one of the following installation methods or the following two installation modes: 1) The outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 is located on the outdoor door and
  • the outer end of the inner and outer pull wire 9 is connected with the outdoor steel bar 7; the inner and outer pull wires 9 can be horizontally pulled or diagonally cross-drawn; the mesh tensile material 5 is installed in the following manner: 1), mesh resistance The pulling material 5 is buried in the protective layer 8, and the mesh tensile material 5 is connected with the outdoor steel bar 7 and the indoor steel bar 6; 2) the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 is adhered to the surface of the protective layer 8 with an adhesive; The method may be selected or selected at the same time; 3), or on the basis of the first two technical solutions, the alkali-resistant mesh 5-1 is pasted on the surface of the core layer 3 of the door window and the protective layer 8 on both sides is connected; Layer 3 is located at the entrance of the door and window without cement mortar or fine stone coagulation Earth protection layer; the door and window are installed on the core layer 3 of the hole, or the door and window are installed on the alkali-resistant mesh cloth 5-1 on the core layer 3 of the hole, forming
  • the outer slabs are supported by cantilever beams or slabs in the slabs.
  • the outdoor vertical reinforcements 7 can be directly It is fixed with the support cantilever plate 1-5, fixed with drilled ribs or pre-embedded steel bars.
  • the modified cement mortar or modified fine stone concrete refers to: 1. Adding an admixture, a fly ash, a water repellent, a water retaining agent, a cracking fiber and the like to modify a cement mortar or a modified fine Stone concrete; 2. It also includes cement polymer mortar or cement polymer concrete formed by adding water retaining agent and adhesive. It can be prepared by adding dry mortar or site to emulsion adhesive, especially cement polymer elastic mortar or cement polymerization at the edge of door window. Elastic concrete is used as a protective layer. The use of polymer sand or polymer concrete in the protective layer with reinforcing steel position is beneficial to the protection of steel bars from corrosion, and is also beneficial to cracking and increasing the durability.
  • the crack-resistant fibers include polypropylene chopped fibers, alkali-resistant glass chopped fibers, and knives.
  • the steel sheets are fixed with the cement polymer elastic mortar, or the steel sheets are installed on the steel bars of the holes, and the steel sheets of the doors and windows are connected with the steel bars of the hole bars by self-tapping screws.
  • the core layer can be two kinds of insulation materials or different insulation materials: 1), the core layer is a poor thermal insulation polymer insulation material When the material is used, the local core layer around the hole of the heat-insulating bridge should be made of thermal insulation material, such as mineral wool and thermal insulation mortar.
  • the core layer is two materials. Mineral wool or thermal insulation mortar can be used as the insulation layer of the hole. However, mineral wool should absorb moisture and moisture, so it should be wrapped with waterproof and moisture-proof materials, such as polyester laminated aluminum foil (PET//AL//PET) plastic composite film. The polyacrylate elastomer emulsion is coated, and the plastic composite film is wrapped with mineral wool and bonded to the polymer core layer.
  • the plastic film coated with the polyacrylate elastomer emulsion can be bonded to cement mortar, cement polymer mortar, thermal insulation mortar and the like.
  • the core layer on the outer side of the main structure of the building may be polyurethane foam, and may be an EPS board in the frame opening, so the core layer may be two materials or three materials.
  • the core layer can also be internal and external materials, such as the paper honeycomb panel on the outdoor side, the polymer insulation material on the indoor side, or vice versa.
  • Insulation mortar such as vitrified microbead insulation mortar, rare earth insulation mortar and ceramsite sand insulation mortar.
  • the adhesion between the protective layer and the core layer is bonded by the coating interface agent, and the interface agent should be constructed according to the invention patent of the patent No. ZL200810170949.0. Or there is a groove on the surface of the core layer to connect the protective layer to the core layer.
  • the construction of the core layer 3 composited with the masonry can increase the anti-theft security of the composite wall, see Fig. 17, Fig. 18, especially for a layer of wall which may be required in some cases.
  • the masonry wall 3-2 can be set only under the window, that is, the core layer of the lightweight insulation material is still above the window, which is convenient for construction. Otherwise, it is necessary to install the lintel, which is troublesome and unnecessary.
  • the mesh tensile material of the present invention is connected with the outdoor steel bar and the indoor steel bar, which means that the mesh tensile material is ligated to the steel bar, or the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is adhered in the protective layer or the surface, and is bonded to the protective layer.
  • the protective layer is connected with the outdoor steel bar and the indoor steel bar, so that the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is connected with the outdoor steel bar and the indoor steel bar.
  • the outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 upper and lower ends and the support cantilever beam or the outer end of the plate 1-5 are fixed in two forms including vertical fixation and diagonal pull: 1), outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 and support cantilever
  • the beam 1-5 is vertically fixed up and down, which is the most applied form; 2), the outdoor vertical reinforcing bar 7-1 at the edge of the door and window opening can also be anchored in the protective layer 8 at the upper and lower ends, and the adjacent supporting cantilever beam 1 -5 is fixed by diagonally pulling the steel bar, see Figure 14.
  • the outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 is fixed to the support cantilever beam or plate 1-5, and can be welded and fixed to the pre-buried steel plate supported on the cantilever beam or the plate 1-5 for the coating or block surface decoration, see 8; or the outdoor vertical steel reinforcement 7-1 is welded and fixed to the pre-buried steel on the support cantilever beam 1-5, the curtain wall decoration and the billboard steel and the pre-buried steel supporting the outer end of the cantilever beam 1-5, see Figure 9.
  • the groove copper can be welded at a certain distance on the outdoor vertical steel bars of the double steel bars according to the sixth embodiment; the channel steel protrudes outside the outer protective layer, and the curtain wall decoration and the billboard of the billboard welding.
  • the outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 has one of the following installation methods or the following two installation modes: 1), the outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 is located above and below the outdoor door and window opening; 2), the outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 is located between the outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 of the wall outside the door and window opening; the outdoor horizontal reinforcement 7-2 is connected with the outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1, or the outdoor horizontal reinforcement 7-2 is supported and supported.
  • Cantilever beam 1-5 is fixed", it means that the horizontal horizontal reinforcement should be set up and down on the door and window.
  • the indoor horizontal reinforcement and the outdoor horizontal reinforcement are correspondingly set in most cases, but 3 ⁇ 4 22' indicates that the window elevation is the lower elevation of the beam. There is no need to set indoor horizontal reinforcement at the top of the window.
  • outdoor horizontal reinforcement should also be provided. Unless the distance between adjacent vertical reinforcements is close, 'there is no need to set outdoor horizontal reinforcement.
  • outdoor horizontal reinforcement and indoor horizontal steel at the entrance The ribs can be ⁇ 4 galvanized steel bars, and the ⁇ 4 steel bars are entangled and bundled on both sides of the steel bars for convenient construction.
  • the outdoor horizontal steel bars and indoor steel bars may be ⁇ 6 or ⁇ 8 steel bars, and the ⁇ 6 or ⁇ 8 steel bars and the steel bars on both sides of the hole are welded and connected with the connecting steel plates.
  • the thermal insulation mortar has a high thermal conductivity, and the thermal insulation bridge is slightly inferior. If the thermal resistance in the L+a path is less than the thermal resistance of the main wall, the linear heat transfer coefficient of the hole cannot be " 0" (The specific value can be calculated by the thermal two-dimensional finite element software), but its value is much smaller than 0.1w/mk. Insulation of door and window openings The broken bridge structure is of great significance for reducing the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall, reducing the passage of heat loss, and improving the energy saving effect of the wall insulation.
  • the protective layer on the outer side of the door and window of the opening and the inner protective layer of the door and window of the opening are protective layers with thermal insulation.
  • the important one is that the outer protective layer of the door and window of the opening is a protective layer with thermal insulation effect, such as thermal insulation mortar, rubber powder polystyrene particles or EPS board thin plaster insulation strip, but the indoor should meet the fire protection requirements, such as insulation mortar, indoor can also be cement mortar, when there is a window sill on the window sill, the sill board is the protective layer 8-2 inside the door and window of the opening.
  • the outer protective layer is a protective layer with thermal insulation function.
  • the two-opened patented composite wall has a heat transfer opening with a much smaller linear heat transfer coefficient and a certain heat insulation breaking effect.
  • the core layer is bonded with polymer mortar on the outside of the load-bearing member of the main structure of the building; after the core layer is solidified, the large core layer is pasted in the frame of the load-bearing member frame of the main structure of the building, the large core layer and the main body of the building There is a gap between the core layers adhered and fixed on the outer side of the load-bearing member of the structure, and the gap is sealed and fixed by foaming with polyurethane foam, and the joint between the adjacent large core layers is also foamed with polyurethane foam. The filling seal is fixed and the polyurethane foam has a fast bonding speed.
  • the cement polymer mortar bonded between the bulk core layer and the main structure in the frame opening is not cured at all, because the large core layer in the frame opening has been bonded to the outside of the load-bearing member of the main structure of the building.
  • the fixed core layer bond allows the bulk core layer to be substantially fixed, even if the number of diagonal braces needs to be set.
  • ⁇ 2.0 ⁇ 3.0 stainless steel wire should be used for winding and tying.
  • a 304# stainless steel ⁇ 2.5 stainless steel wire area of about 0.05cm 2 , tensile load capacity of about 5KN, assuming 10 / m 2 , an area of 0.5 cm 2 has little effect on heat transfer.
  • Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 show the inner and outer pull-up structure of the steel bar at the hole.
  • the inner and outer pull wires are bonded to the core layer of the hole at the hole, they are difficult to represent in the figure, so they are only separated from each other in Figures 5 to 7, and only in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
  • the structure in which the inside and outside of the core layer of the hole is pulled by the inner and outer pull wires is shown, and the structure of the inner and outer pull wires is not shown in the holes of FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the bamboo mesh in the mesh tensile material is only used for simple construction, and in most cases, a metal mesh such as a galvanized welded wire mesh, a metal mesh or a bamboo mesh must be located in the protective layer.
  • a metal mesh such as a galvanized welded wire mesh, a metal mesh or a bamboo mesh
  • the galvanized welded wire mesh needs to be protected by the alkaline environment of the cement mortar.
  • the metal mesh or the bamboo mesh net needs to be tied with the steel bar and buried in the protective layer and wrapped in the protective layer.
  • the adhesive-resistant agent such as cement polymer 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , can be used to firmly adhere the alkali-resistant mesh cloth to the surface of the protective layer.
  • the alkali-resistant mesh cloth can be used for the low-rise building. Therefore, the alkali-resistant mesh can be located in the middle of the protective layer or outside the protective layer. Because the alkali-resistant mesh cloth has better durability in an alkaline environment, and the metal mesh can not be used in the heat-insulating bridge hole, it is convenient to paste the alkali-resistant mesh, and the hole in the drawing is paste-resistant alkali-resistant net. cloth.
  • the surface of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth is coated with resin. Whether it is installed in the middle of the protective layer or on the surface of the protective layer or the surface of the core layer, it needs to be adhered with adhesive. When the surface of the alkali-resistant layer is bonded to the core layer, the polyacrylate elastic emulsion is used. Add cement) bonding as well.
  • Embodiment 2 Referring to FIG. 10, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is: the supporting cantilever beam or the plate 1-5 is a steel truss cantilever beam, and the steel truss cantilever beam has a tensile force on the inclined rod Or use cement polymer sand pad to protect the steel truss cantilever beam from corrosion; the hole is the heat insulation broken bridge hole; or the hole core layer 3 has cement mortar or fine stone concrete plaster layer hole protection The layer 8-3, the core layer 3 is connected to the hole protection layer 8-3, and the door and window are installed on the hole protection layer 8-3 to form a hole of the heat bridge.
  • This embodiment is proposed to solve the second problem of the patented technology disclosed by the inventors of the present patent application as described in the background art.
  • This embodiment proposes that the support cantilever beam or plate 1-5 is a steel truss cantilever beam, and the steel truss cantilever beam has a structure in which the slanting bar is subjected to tensile force.
  • the steel trusses used today are all used in roofing works.
  • the steel trusses have not been applied to the wall technology as in the present invention, and have become the outer side of the hanging insulation layer (or called the core layer) of steel bars and stencil plaster walls.
  • Steel truss cantilevered beams.
  • the cantilever beam or the plate is supported by the steel truss cantilever beam, which is convenient for steel installation, and the concrete supporting the cantilever beam is not convenient for connection with the steel structure.
  • the steel truss cantilever beam is suitable for both steel structure construction and concrete structure construction. It can be pre-buried or reinforced with steel plate on the concrete, and the steel plate is connected with the steel truss cantilever beam.
  • the cement layer elastic mortar prepared by injecting polyacrylate elastic emulsion can be filled at the core interface of the steel truss cantilever beam position, which not only protects the steel truss cantilever beam, but also protects the polymer.
  • the core layer is bonded together.
  • Supporting cantilever beams or slab truss cantilever beams overcome the shortcomings of the prior art concrete-supported cantilever beams. » /The steel plate is connected with the steel truss cantilever beam in the concrete, which does not damage the concrete formwork, saves the installation labor and welding material consumption, is convenient to construct, and is also convenient to connect with the steel structure.
  • the steel used for the cantilever beam of the steel frame is lower than the concrete supported cantilever beam to meet the safety requirements of vertical suspension.
  • the plane steel truss cantilever beam with the most application is taken as an example.
  • the thickness of the insulating polymer layer on both sides of the beam or the gap left by the core layer is generally 40 mm, and the thickness of the concrete cantilever beam of the prior art generally needs 100 mm, which reduces the support.
  • Heat transfer of cantilever beam concrete. Therefore, setting the steel truss cantilever beam is not only convenient for construction, but also reduces the heat transfer coefficient of the wall, which is beneficial to the wall energy-saving insulation.
  • the steel truss cantilever beam can meet the requirements of different functions of supporting cantilever beam under different use requirements, and the construction is convenient and the cost is reduced.
  • the steel truss cantilever beam includes steel truss cantilever beam in plane and space form.
  • the general application of flat steel truss cantilever beam can meet the requirements of most cases.
  • the outdoor can be used for thick curtain wall decoration. Beam. -
  • Embodiment 3 Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, the difference between this embodiment and the first or second embodiment is that the core layer 3 is all mounted on the outer side surface of the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building. Forming an external thermal insulation composite wall; the opening is an insulated bridge opening; or the opening is a thermal bridge opening.
  • This embodiment is proposed to solve the third problem of the patented technology disclosed by the inventor of the present patent application as described in the background art.
  • the thickness of the core layer of the external thermal insulation composite wall is the same in all parts of the building.
  • the large core layer can be installed at or near the height of the layer to reduce the joint of the core layer.
  • the core layer is a commonly used EPS board
  • a large layer of core layer can be located on the outside of the column and the upper and lower beams up to the side of the window (the current maximum possible width of the core layer is 1.2m, height 6m), and the cement polymer mortar paste and plastic expansion nails will be fixed.
  • the three sides of the core layer are fixed to the column and the upper and lower beams, and the core layer EPS board can be fixed directly on the outer side of the load-bearing member of the main structure of the building, and the workload of setting the diagonal braces can be eliminated, and the frame is installed during the installation.
  • the joint between the core layers in the hole can be sealed and sealed with polyurethane foam, and the installation speed is fast.
  • the external thermal insulation composite wall can greatly reduce the labor and material consumption, reduce the cost, facilitate the construction, and reduce the core layer joints, increase the wall energy-saving insulation effect, and facilitate the designer to calculate the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall.
  • the core layer is selected from the external structure, or a part of the core layer is located in the frame beam column, and a part is located outside the frame beam column, and should be determined according to the height of the building, the wind load and the earthquake and the like. .
  • Embodiment 4 Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, FIG. 11 to FIG. 13, FIG. 17, and FIG. 18, the difference between this embodiment and the first, second or third embodiment is: the embodiment adds an anchor steel bar 2; the anchoring The steel bar 2 is located between the indoor vertical steel bars 6-1, the anchoring copper bars 2 and the load-bearing members of the building main structure 1 beam or plate anchoring; or the anchoring steel bars 2 are also anchored to the load-bearing members 1 column or wall of the main structure of the building; Only one end of the anchoring steel bar is anchored to the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building, and the other end of the anchoring steel bar 2 is located in the protective layer 8, and the anchoring steel bar 2 is connected with the mesh tensile material 5 Pick up.
  • Set anchor, steel 2 can reduce the number of indoor vertical steel 6-1, convenient construction, reduce steel consumption, by setting anchor steel, anchor steel and mesh tensile material 5 lap joint, can play indoor mesh tensile material resistance Pull effect.
  • the anchoring steel bar 2 is anchored to the beam or plate of the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building, and also to the column or load-bearing wall of the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building, so that the composite wall can be a two-way plate, and the force performance is more it is good.
  • the anchor steel 2 is usually ⁇ 4 galvanized steel with good durability and is advantageous for reducing the thickness of the plaster protection layer 8.
  • Embodiment 5 Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 and FIG. 11 to FIG. 18, the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is that the inner and outer pull wires 9 of the embodiment also have an indoor and outdoor mesh tensile material. 5 pull each other, or the inner and outer pull wires 9 pull the steel bars on one side and the mesh tensile material 5 on the other side, or the inner and outer pull wires 9 connect the main structure 1 of the building with the mesh tensile material on the other side. 5 pull each other.
  • Inner and outer pull wires 9 When the indoor and outdoor mesh tensile materials 5 are pulled together, they can be tied with stainless steel wire not larger than ⁇ 1.0, or plastic rope or chemical fiber wire.
  • a small bracket 19 can be padded between the metal mesh and the core layer, and the inner and outer pull wires 9 are connected to the two side brackets 19 through the core layer 3, and then connected to the mesh tensile materials 5 on both sides to ensure the mesh tensile material.
  • the distance from the core layer is accurate, see Figure 26.
  • the small bracket 19 can be made of scrap metal or plastic.
  • the durability of the plastic rope is not good.
  • the plastic rope tying is convenient for temporary construction and is not suitable for the mutual pulling of the indoor and outdoor steel bars.
  • Embodiment 6 Referring to FIG. 11, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 19, the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is that: the outdoor reinforcing bar 7 of the embodiment is a parallel double reinforcing bar, and the outdoor is juxtaposed.
  • Vertical steel bars 7-1 and supporting cantilever beams or 1-5 anchors; or / and indoor steel bars 6 are parallel double steel bars; between the parallel outdoor steel bars 7 and the parallel indoor steel bars 6 Small truss structure or steel plate or partially welded block-shaped steel; the hole is a heat-insulated bridge hole; or the hole is a heat bridge hole; forming a reinforcing structure with parallel double steel bars on both sides of the mesh wipe Ash insulation composite wall.
  • the outdoor reinforcing bar 7 or/and the indoor reinforcing bar 6 of the present embodiment are parallel double reinforcing bars, and are arranged between the parallel outdoor reinforcing bars 7 and the juxtaposed indoor reinforcing bars 6.
  • the steel bars form a small truss structure or a steel plate or a partially welded block-shaped steel that provides the structure required to mount various heavy objects on a lightweight insulated composite wall.
  • This embodiment is proposed to solve the fourth problem of the patented technology disclosed by the inventor of the present patent application described in the following.
  • the steel is not penetrated by the core layer, and the steel is connected with the double steel bar or the steel plate or the block steel, and the inner and outer pull wires 9 of the stainless steel are pulled inside and outside.
  • the stainless steel wire has a small area and has an influence on heat transfer. It is small and has a large tensile capacity and can meet the safety requirements of internal and external pull-up.
  • the outdoor reinforcement is a double reinforcement of the queue; between the parallel outdoor reinforcements, a steel bar (forming a small truss structure)' or a steel plate or section steel.
  • This configuration provides the possibility of installing heavy trims and mounting various suspensions at any location of the lightweight composite wall, while ensuring safety without increasing the thermal bridge through which the steel penetrates the insulation.
  • the disclosed technology does not disclose such a structure, and it is difficult to decorate and install various hangers at any position of the lightweight composite wall, and to ensure safety without increasing the thermal bridge of the steel through the insulation layer.
  • the present embodiment solves the problem that the long-term insulation composite wall body has to fix the steel through-insulation insulation layer and the base wall wall in order to satisfy various decorations and install various heavy objects on the thermal insulation composite wall, because the number of profile steels is large, the section is Large, greatly affecting the effect of energy saving and emission reduction, and avoiding the problem of condensation problems in the heating area caused by the steel penetrating the insulation layer.
  • the engineering of solving the above problems is not adopted in the various insulation composite walls. Example.
  • the position of the steel bar should be determined according to the position required for use.
  • the whole building is designed as a curtain wall. It may be necessary to set all the outdoor vertical steel bars 7-1 to double steel bars.
  • the double-row steel bars at the opening also facilitate the construction of the thermal insulation broken bridge structure with mineral wool installed at the opening. .
  • the welded steel is partially welded on the parallel double steel bars, such as channel steel, and the channel flange or web protrudes outside the protective layer, which is used to connect with the curtain wall decoration or the installation of billboards, and increase the curtain wall.
  • the fixing point of the billboard steel and the vertical steel bar, the curtain wall or the billboard steel is also anchored with the supporting cantilever beam shown in Fig. 9 or Fig. 10, and the steel bar of the outer end of the steel truss cantilever beam should be connected with the steel plate or the section steel. .
  • the parallel bars at the window sill can increase the rigidity of the window sill.
  • the double steel bars juxtaposed with the holes are also convenient for the construction of the thermal insulation broken bridge structure of the mineral wool installed at the opening.
  • Figure 20 shows the outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 welded to the outer end of the cantilever beam 1-5 at the upper and lower ends of the hole. It is convenient for the outdoor horizontal reinforcement 7-2 ( ⁇ 4 reinforcement) of the opening to be entangled with the outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1. Binding.
  • the concrete part of the wall is generally only the outdoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 is a parallel double steel bar, and the block-shaped steel is welded on the parallel vertical reinforcement 7-1, block
  • the profiled steel protrudes beyond the protective layer and is used to splicing steel profiles such as curtain wall decoration.
  • the length of the "block-shaped steel” can meet the requirements of the length of the welded steel joint of the external wall hangings, and the spacing between the double steel bars of the column can satisfy the installed steel plate and block steel.
  • the indoor steel bar 6 When the outdoor steel bar 7 is a parallel double steel bar, the indoor steel bar 6 may be a parallel double steel bar or a single steel bar.
  • the inner and outer pull wires are pulled inside and outside, and when the indoor steel bar 6 is stressed, it may be enlarged.
  • the diameter of the indoor steel bar 6 is solved, that is, it can be set not completely corresponding to the outdoor steel bar 7.
  • the indoor double reinforcing bars can be set at the required position, which should be determined according to the specific use.
  • Embodiment 7 See 15, the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is that the embodiment increases the hanging steel bar 16 and replaces the outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 with the curved steel bar 17 to replace the indoor opening.
  • the steel bars are arranged to form small truss type or steel plates or partially welded block-shaped steels to form curved doors and windows.
  • the broken bridge opening, or the opening of the opening is a thermal bridge opening; forming an insulated composite wall with a curved window opening and a mesh plaster on both sides.
  • This embodiment is proposed to solve the fifth problem of the patented technology disclosed by the inventor of the present patent application as described in the background art.
  • this embodiment provides a construction of a curved window opening that provides conditions for enriching the building facade of a lightweight composite wall, which has not been provided by the disclosed art.
  • the curved steel bars should be installed and welded to the vertical steel bars on both sides. If the window is circular, outdoor vertical steel bars 7-1 are also needed to facilitate the fixing of the curved steel bars. Vertical ribs and diagonal slings are set to hang the curved steel bars, and the slings are welded to the supporting cantilever beams or to the horizontal steel bars. Curved steel bars generally need to be arranged in parallel with double-arc steel bars. Between the parallel double-arc bars, set steel bars to form small truss structure or set steel plate or partially welded steel, which helps the arc shape to be fixed and is beneficial for installation.
  • Curved window heavy decoration When there is no parallel double-arc steel bar, it is necessary to set the steel bar between the curved steel bar and the adjacent outdoor horizontal steel bar 7-2 to form a small truss structure or a steel plate or a partial welded block. Steel, which helps to fix the shape of the arc.
  • Embodiment 8 Referring to FIG. 21, the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to seventh embodiments is that the steel strip 70 is added in this embodiment, and the steel strip 70 is connected to the support cantilever beam or the plate 1-5.
  • 70 i welding vertical reinforcement 7-1; indoor vertical reinforcement 7-1 corresponding to indoor vertical reinforcement 6-1, indoor vertical reinforcement 6-1 and building main structure load-bearing member 1: upper and lower beams , the board is anchored; the inner and outer pull wires 9 pull the outdoor vertical steel bars 7-1 welded on the steel strip 70 and the indoor vertical steel bars 6-1.
  • the inner and outer pull wires 9 can be horizontally pulled or diagonally cross-drawn,
  • the inner and outer pull wires 9 are stainless steel wires.
  • the steel strip 70 is provided to encrypt the installation density of the outdoor vertical steel bars 7-1 and the corresponding indoor vertical steel bars 6-1 without increasing the number of supporting cantilever beams to withstand large horizontal loads such as typhoons and hurricanes.
  • the attack provided a construct.
  • the composite wall body can be flexibly designed according to the double-ribbon rectangular cross section. It is also possible to install steel plates or block sections between the steel bars for the installation of heavy suspensions on the outside of the walls.
  • Embodiment 9 Referring to FIG. 17, FIG. 18, FIG. 23 to FIG. 26, the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to eighth embodiments is:
  • This embodiment adds plastic expansion nails 40 and connecting wires 14, and plastic expansion nails 40.
  • the outer sleeve 40-1 and the core rod 40-2 are composed, the outer sleeve 40-1 has a disc cap 40-1-1 at the outer end, and the outer end of the core rod 40-2 has a rod head 40-2-2; 40 fixing the core layer 3 to the load-bearing member 1 of the main structure of the building, or/and fixing the core layer 3 to the masonry wall 3-2 with the plastic expansion nail 40, the outer sleeve 40-1 or the core rod 40 of the plastic expansion nail 40 -2 outer end with connecting line 14 and outdoor reinforcing bar 7 Or / connected to the outdoor mesh tensile material 5; or between the plastic expansion nail 40 and the mesh tensile material 5, the small bracket 19, the outer sleeve 40-1 of the plastic expansion nail 40 or the outer core
  • This embodiment is proposed to solve the seventh problem of the patented technology disclosed by the inventor of the present patent application as described in the background art.
  • the current energy-saving wall uses plastic expansion nails to fix the insulation layer, and does not use it to ensure the required distance between the mesh tensile material and the insulation layer (or core layer).
  • the protective layer of thin plaster is very thin, only 3 ⁇ 4mm cement polymer mortar is plastered with alkali-resistant mesh.
  • the protective layer of the invention has a thickness of about 20 ⁇ 30mm.
  • the plastic layer is used to fix the core layer and the main structure of the building, and the fixed mesh tensile material is taken. Connected, convenient for construction.
  • the disclosed technology does not provide a mounting structure of plastic expansion nails, nor does it have the effect of such a configuration.
  • the plastic expansion nails and the connection wires can be installed at any time and the metal mesh is connected, which is convenient for construction and reduces construction labor and material cost.
  • the purpose of this embodiment is to install an external mesh tensile material (mainly a steel mesh) in the center of the protective layer in order to understand the construction, but in fact the bending of the steel mesh is often not at the center of the protective layer.
  • the outer end of the plastic expansion nail or the outer end of the core rod is tied with the protective layer, so that the plastic expansion nail not only plays the role of fixing the core layer and the main structure of the building, but also plays the role of pulling the mesh tensile material. .
  • the plastic expansion nails and connecting wires can be installed at any time according to the required position, and the outdoor mesh tensile material can be pulled.
  • the plastic expansion nail 9 has a small tensile force, and the plastic expansion nail with a diameter of 12 mm is generally not more than 1 KN/root.
  • the tensile strength of the inner and outer pull wires 9 of the stainless steel wire is much larger, and the pull resistance of the 304# stainless steel wire of ⁇ 2.5 is about 5 N/root, which needs to be pre-buried in the main structure of the building, and the plastic expansion nails are installed. Contrast, the construction is inconvenient, and when there is no pre-buried place, it is necessary to increase the connection point with the mesh tensile material, and it is impossible or difficult to pre-burial to increase the connection point.
  • the embodiment or the other is used to ensure the relationship between the mesh tensile material and the core layer.
  • the method of accurate distance is very convenient for construction and installation.
  • the internal and external pulling methods in this embodiment and the first and fifth embodiments solve different problems.
  • the inner and outer pull wires 9 of the stainless steels of the first and fifth embodiments are all permanently fixed and internally and externally pulled.
  • the method of the present embodiment and other methods for ensuring the accurate distance between the mesh tensile material and the core layer is mainly to solve the method for ensuring the accurate distance between the mesh tensile material and the core layer during construction.
  • the plastic expansion nail is a durable polyethylene
  • the connection line 14 has good durability and high strength, it can also be used as an auxiliary method for permanent fixation.
  • Embodiment 9 i Referring to FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 and FIG. 16, the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to eighth embodiments is:
  • the waterproof layer or the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 is provided.
  • the waterproof layer or the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15 includes a waterproof layer 15-1 and a waterproof moisture-proof layer 15-2, which are alternatively selected; the waterproof layer or the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15
  • the hole is a heat insulation broken bridge hole, mouth, or the hole
  • the mouth is a hole with a heat bridge; a thermal insulation composite wall with a mesh plaster on both sides of the water barrier or waterproof moisture barrier is formed.
  • This embodiment is proposed to solve the eighth problem of the patented technology disclosed by the inventor of the present patent application. .
  • the difference between the present embodiment and the key technology of the disclosed technology is that the waterproof layer or the waterproof and moisture-proof layer is provided in the door and window opening, thereby solving the common quality problem of the current composite thermal insulation wall opening.
  • the moisture-proof layer must be waterproof, but the waterproof layer is not necessarily moisture-proof.
  • the polyethylene polypropylene composite waterproofing membrane is a breathable waterproofing membrane, which is waterproof but not moisture-proof.
  • the waterproof layer or the waterproof moisture-proof layer is used.
  • a polyester aluminum foil (PET//AL//PET) plastic composite film should be used as the waterproof moisture-proof layer.
  • a polyethylene polypropylene composite waterproofing membrane can be used as the waterproof layer.
  • a waterproof structure of the opening is proposed. It is recommended to use polyethylene polypropylene composite waterproofing membrane, PVC waterproofing membrane or polyester laminated aluminum foil (PET//AL//i>ET) plastic composite film as the waterproof layer of the hole or waterproof and moisture-proof layer.
  • the waterproof layer and the outdoor protective layer 8 should be overlapped or overlapped with the indoor protective layer 8.
  • the outer protective layer 8-1 of the installed door and window should have waterproof function, and the elastic sealing seal between the outer protective layer 8-1 of the door and the window and the door and window can ensure the waterproofness of the window and prevent the outer protective layer 8-1 and the window between the door and the window. Intrusion damage caused by water.
  • the strength of the waterproof layer is high.
  • the internal and external pull-up of the alkali-resistant mesh cloth may not be provided, and the specificity shall be determined according to the window core material and the window pull-up structure.
  • Embodiment 10 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1 to 9 is:
  • a waterproof and waterproof moisture-proof layer 15-2 is disposed on the protective layer 8, and the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15-2 is a plastic film or a plastic composite mold.
  • the waterproof moisture-proof raft 15-2 has the following installation methods: 1), the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15-2 is bonded to the indoor protective layer 8; 2) the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15-2 is bonded to the outer protective layer 8;
  • the waterproof moisture-proof layer 15-2 is bonded to the indoor and outdoor protective layers 8; the hole is a heat-insulated bridge hole d, or the hole is a hole having a heat bridge; forming a wall with a waterproof moisture-proof layer
  • the gas barrier layer can increase the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect of the thermal insulation composite wall, and extend the durability of the thermal insulation composite wall. Years.
  • This embodiment differs from the current light steel keel or wood keel filled with mineral wool as the key joint of the plastic film as the moisture barrier.
  • the light steel keel or the wooden keel is wrapped with a plastic film, but this embodiment is The plastic film or plastic composite film is pasted on the cement mortar.
  • Plastic film is mainly used in the packaging industry and agricultural large film.
  • the use of plastic film to wrap mineral wool is also a moisture barrier according to the packaging industry.
  • the waterproof and moisture-proof layer structure has good gas barrier effect, low cost, simple installation, and increases the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect of the composite wall.
  • PET//AL//PET polyester laminated aluminum foil
  • PET//AL polyester and aluminum foil
  • PET//AL plastic composite film
  • PET 12 microns thick
  • AL aluminum foil
  • PET / / AL plastic composite film
  • the price is only about 4 ⁇ 5 yuan / 1 ⁇ , according to "plastic film and sheet gas permeability test method differential pressure method" GB/T1038
  • the water vapor permeation resistance is 220,000 m 2 ⁇ h.Pa/g
  • the best steam-blocking effect given in [3 ⁇ 4 "Civil Building Design Code" GB50176 Schedule 4.3 is PVC.
  • the coating has two passes, and the water vapor permeation resistance is 3866m 2 ⁇ h.Pa/g, which is very different.
  • PET film can be pasted with a low glass transition temperature water-soluble adhesive such as polyacrylate emulsion, or in polyacrylate Add water and a small amount of silica fume (ie micro-silica powder) to the emulsion, apply externally to the adhesive, and then put the putty or brush Material.
  • a low glass transition temperature water-soluble adhesive such as polyacrylate emulsion, or in polyacrylate Add water and a small amount of silica fume (ie micro-silica powder) to the emulsion, apply externally to the adhesive, and then put the putty or brush Material.
  • -Plastic film or plastic composite film on the wall is divided into two types: strip-shaped paste and full-surface paste:
  • the strip-shaped paste can be used.
  • the waterproof and moisture-proof layer located at the keel position should be pasted with the indoor protective layer, so that the keel and the indoor protective layer are fixed. , no air penetration will occur.
  • the aluminum foil faces the indoor side, and the aluminum foil can reflect the infrared rays, and further increases the energy saving effect of the wall.
  • Polyester (PET) film is a highly polar material that is easy to adhere, and the joints of the waterproof and moisture-proof layer should be closed to each other.
  • Buildings with particularly humid or rainy areas may also have a waterproof or moisture barrier on the outdoor protective floor. ' ⁇ .
  • the embodiment proposes that the effect of using the plastic film and the plastic composite mold as the waterproof moisture-proof layer is much higher than the effect of the vapor barrier layer given in GB50176 of the Civil Building Thermal Design Code.
  • the opening of the present invention is an insulated bridge opening, that is, a structure in which the door and window according to the first embodiment are installed on the core layer 3 of the opening, or the door and window are mounted on the alkali-resistant mesh 5-1 on the hole ⁇ core layer 3. .
  • the opening of the invention is a thermal bridge opening, which is a hole protection layer 8-3 which has a cement mortar or a fine stone concrete plaster layer on the core layer 3 of the embodiment, and the core layer 3 and the hole protection The layer 8-3 is connected, and the door and window are installed on the hole protection layer 8-3, and the hole structure of the heat bridge is formed.

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Description

说 明 书
一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体 技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑的保温复合墙体， 特别是一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙 体。 背景技术
一、 门窗洞口热桥是障碍墙体节能保温技术的瓶颈
我国目前大量应用保温效果最好的是粘贴 EPS板薄抹灰保温墙体， 但防火不好， 耐久性不好， 外饰面不安全。 但即使节能保温最好的薄抹灰保温墙体， 由于在门窗洞 口周围粘贴的保温层比墙体正立面薄得多， 热量在洞口侧壁流失多。 哈尔滨工业大学 编制的《黑龙江省居住建筑节能 65%设计标准》中给出薄抹灰保温墙体洞口存在热桥 数值为： 当粘贴的保温层 EPS板厚度不大于 0.12m及大于等于 0.12m时，洞口线性传 热系数 ψ值分别为 O.lw/m.k及 0.11w/m.k ! 因门窗洞口数量多， 热桥影响很大， 随窗 墙比不同， 增加墙体平均传热系数 0.1~0.2 w/m2.k，而墙体传热系数在 0.5 w/m2.k以下 时， 每降低传热系数 0.1 w/m2.k都是很困难的。
门窗洞口热桥对墙体节能保温的影响用下面的比喻说明： 洞口热桥好比人的脖子 或墙上的洞， 在天气很冷时要围上毛围巾， 或墙上有洞要堵上洞。 如若不围毛围巾、 不堵洞， 想通过增加棉衣厚度或墙上增加保温层厚度来弥补这个热损失是很困难的。
但是人的脖子只有一个， 而建筑门窗数量很多， 采暖地区门窗洞口热桥对建筑节 能影响很大。 如 8层以下建筑要求墙体平均传热系数不大于 0.4 w/m2.k时， 住宅因为 还有阳台板热桥的影响， 主墙体的传热系数约应为 0.2~0.25w/m2.k， 需要粘贴的苯板 保温层厚度约 250~200mm， 不仅增加造价， 且浪费宝贵的土地资源， 很难被投资商接 受， 影响国家节能减排目标的实现。 目前全世界所有墙体节能保温技术都没有解决门 窗口热桥的难题。
• 在高层建筑中， 国外发达国家大量应用轻钢骨架墙体。 轻钢骨架墙体除存在墙体 刚度差， 抵抗水平风荷载能力差， 钢材耗量大、 造价高、 构造复杂的缺点外， 轻钢骨 架自身就是热桥， 还有楼板大热桥， 保温不好， 日本在室内喷涂聚氨酯内保温， 结果 仍存在楼板和门窗洞口等大量热桥。
此外，当前复合墙体存在门窗洞口防水不好的质量通病。薄抹灰保温墙体工程中， 常常发生雨水进入 EPS板与基层墙体的缝隙中去， 冬天冻胀导致 EPS板脱落的质量 事故， 因为目前窗口防水仅仅是依靠窗户外侧保护层与窗户之间填塞弹性密封胶， 因 弹性密封胶收缩老化等原因， 导致防水不可靠。 黑龙江省现在规定在窗台处增设从室 内基层墙体伸出去的混凝土悬挑板压住（或者说扣住）粘贴的 EPS板， 避免雨水进入 EPS板与基层墙体的缝隙中去， 这不仅增加造价， 且又成为一个热量流失的大热桥。 二、 本专利申请发明人已公开专利技术存在以下问题：
本专利申请发明人已经提出公开号 CN101168977 A 专利， 还提出公开号 CN101570981专利。此两个专利的复合墙体可大幅度减轻墙体重量，但存在以下问题:
1、 门窗洞口有抹灰保护层热桥， 影响复合墙体节能保温效果， 特别是对建设低 能耗建筑的影响很大。
洞口水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰保护层热桥的线性传热系数 ψ值达 0.15w/m.k。 即使洞口外侧粘贴保温条 20~30mm， 线性传热系数 ψ偉也达 0.1w/m.k， 增加墙体平 均传热系数 0.1~0.2 w/m2.k， 对节能保温不利， 难以使墙体达到低传热系数。
2、 混凝土支承悬挑梁不方便施工、 不方便与钢结构连接， 影响施工进度， 造价 高， 还不方便既有建筑节能改造工程应用。
之所以社会大量应用防火不好、 耐久性不好的薄抹灰保温墙体， 就是保温层外设 置厚抹灰层如何与主体结构的问题连接难以解决， 有用塑料锚栓连接的办法不安全， 已公开技术用混凝土支承悬挑梁解决了这个问题， 但因施工不便应用中有阻力，。
本专利申请人 ZL200410002698.7专利设置是钢支撑 2，而用型钢或钢板悍接的钢 支承悬挑梁浪费钢材， 钢支撑增加传热太多， 在密封的复合墙体内难以有有效的防腐 蚀措施， 将来无法维修， 不能保证 50年耐久年限， 故在后续专利中都改为混凝土悬 挑梁。之所以当时本专利申请人采用钢支撑，是因为受安装石材幕墙装饰构造的影响。 安装石材幕墙时的型钢都是穿透保温层与基层墙体或与建筑主体结构固定， 石材幕墙 主龙骨的型钢再与穿透保温层的型钢固定， 副龙骨再安装到主龙骨上， 然后将石材幕 墙与主、 副龙骨连接。 因已公开专利形成的复合保温墙体外侧的保护层是由钢筋、 钢 丝网抹灰形成的、 通过钢筋连接吊挂在支撑上的幕墙， 故受石材幕墙装饰构造的影响 而采用钢支撑。 -
'公开号 CN101168977 A及公开号 CN101570981专利都是采用混凝土支承悬挑梁。 设置钢支撑或混凝土支承悬挑梁都是为了在悬挑粱外端安装钢筋及设置附加钢筋， 钢 筋上绑扎钢丝网、 抹灰， 形成被支承悬挑梁吊挂的钢筋、 钢丝网抹灰的幕墙， 保证抹 灰保护层和外装饰层的安全性， 保证复合保温墙体防火安全。 此钢筋、 钢丝网抹灰幕 墙的厚度约 20mm (钢筋位置芯层局部需开沟槽）至 30mm (不开沟槽）， 对保护保护 层内的钢筋防止腐蚀有利。 20~30mm 厚度的抹灰保护层可以保证耐火极限不小于 1 .0〜1.5小时，.防火安全性好。 但已公开技术的混凝土支承悬挑梁存在以下问题：
: 1 )、 现场支模安装混凝土支承悬挑梁， 支承悬挑梁内的钢筋锚固在混凝土内， 在 模板上需开洞， 不方便模板安装， 对模板破坏较大， 费工费时； 如若预制混凝土支承 悬挑梁， 预制量太大， 且后端需有钢板与主体结构上的预埋钢板焊接， 钢材耗量大、 炸接量大， 施工麻烦， 更不可行。 因此， 无论是现浇安装或是预制安装混凝土支承悬 挑梁， 施工都很不方便， 这成为采用混凝土支承悬挑梁的障碍， 提出几年没有得到社 会认可。 是否有更方便的方法设置支承悬挑梁， 全面解决上述问题。
2)、 混凝土支承悬挑粱不方便与钢结构连接。
3 )、 在既有建筑节能改造工程中应用有支承的外墙外保温复合墙体时， 植筋数量 多， 新旧混凝土难以结合为一体， 不易保证工程质量， 施工不方便。
3、 本专利申请人上述两个已公开专利在外保温时， 框架梁柱洞口范围内的芯层 与框架梁柱外侧的芯层不能同时安装成为整体， 梁柱外侧芯层薄， 见图 1、 图 2， 设 计计算墙体平均传热系数麻烦。将芯层 EPS板固定在楼面上时， 框架梁柱洞口范围内 的芯层与主体结构粘结的水泥聚合物砂浆需要至少不少于 24小时才能固结， 水泥聚 合物砂浆未固结前需要设置斜支撑的量大， 增加施工工作量， 施工不方便、 造价高。
4、 外墙如若安装厚重的幕墙装饰、 广告牌时， 如何将幕墙装饰、 广告牌的型钢 与上述已公开专利的复合墙体用最简单方便的方法连接， 保证安全， 且很少增加传 热？ 如何使洞口方便安装防盗栅栏及安装洞口厚重装饰物等， 保证安全， 且很少增加 传热？ 已公开技术没有解决这些问题。
. .当前在复合保温墙体上安装幕墙装饰、 广告牌、 防盗栅栏、 遮阳板及厚重装饰物 时， 都需要将型钢穿透保温层与基层墙体固定， 型钢垂直和水平间距约 0.8~1.2m， 型 钢数量多， 断面大， 传热量多， 极大地影响节能减排效果。 一根高 80mm， 壁厚 5mm 的槽钢， 断面就达到 12.24 cm2, 即使每平方米墙面仅 1根， 增加的传热就很多。本专 利申请人已公幵的专利没有基层墙体， 室内是与建筑主体结构连接的钢筋、 钢丝网抹 灰作为芯层的室内侧保护层， 型钢如何与室内侧抹灰保护层固定？这是个难题， 室内 侧需安装型钢立柱方能与室外伸入室内的型钢固定， 刚才用量多， 造价高； 特别是采 暖地区冬季型钢的室内点要结露，不仅影响建筑节能，还影响保温节能墙体耐久年线， 成为质量问廒。 · '
5、 ·已公开技术的复合墙体没有解决门窗洞口为弧形时复合墙体门窗口的构造。 ' 6、 已公开技术的复合墙体如何应对巨大水平荷载， 如飓风、 台风的袭击？
7、 如前述， 本发明的保护层厚度应不小于 20~30mm， 网状抗拉材料如金属网应 位于保护层中间， 但是金属网是成卷弯曲的。 如何保证施工中安装网状抗拉材料与芯 层距禽的准确性， 且方便施工， 造价低廉？ 已公开技术没有解决这个问题。
' 8、本专利申请人已公开的保温复合墙体技术没有解决门窗洞口防水不好的问题。
9、 已公开技术没有解决防止水蒸气进入复合墙体的问题。
采暖地区冬季室内水蒸气分压力约是室外的 10倍， 设置防水隔气层对采暖地区 冬季防止室内水蒸气通过墙体向室外渗透， 防止芯层受潮导致降低复合墙体节能保温 效果具有重要意'义'。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。本发明的一种洞口隔热 断桥的两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体可大幅度减少或取消门窗洞口热桥， 达到洞口隔 热断桥的目的； 本发明还针对背景技术所述的 9个问题提出了技术措施， 达到方便施 工， 降低造价， 提高工程质量， 增加耐久年限， 满足建筑墙体不同需要的目的。
本发明的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 它包括建筑主体结构的承重构件、 芯层、 网状抗拉材料、 室内钢筋、 室外钢筋、 保护层、 洞口的门窗外侧保护层、 洞口 的门窗内侧保护层、 支承悬挑梁或板及内外拉接线； 所述建筑主体结构的承重构件为 梁、 板、 柱、 承重墙； 所述室外钢筋包括室外竖向钢筋、 室外水平钢筋； 所述室内钢 筋包括室内垂直钢筋、 室内水平钢筋； 所述芯层为高分子保温材料、 矿物棉毡、 植物 秸秆、 纸蜂窝板、 保温砂桨或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆料， 或为高分子保温板与水泥纤维 板或硅钙板粘结的复合板， 或为轻质砌体， 或所述芯层的室内侧有砌筑墙体与芯层粘 结复合连接， 成为与砌体复合的芯层； 所述网状抗拉材料为耐碱网布或金属网或竹筋 网； 所述洞口的门窗外侧保护层、 洞口的门窗内侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土包括普通的水泥砂浆 或细石混凝土， 还包括改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土； 所述支承悬挑梁或板为 混凝土支承悬挑梁或板， 支承悬挑梁或板的内端与建筑主体结构的承重构件固定； 所 述芯层安装在建筑主体结构的承重构件的梁、 板与柱、 承重墙形成的内框之间， 在建 筑主体结构的承重构件的外侧面还有芯层； 在芯层的室内外两侧有保护层， 保护层与 芯层连接， 或与砌体复合的芯层的室内侧保护层与砌筑墙体粘结； 位于窗间墙的室外 竖向钢筋上下端与支承悬挑梁或板外端固定， 位于窗台下室外竖向钢筋的一端与支承 悬挑梁或板外端固定， 另一端与窗口的室外水平钢筋固定； 位于窗间墙的室内垂直钢 筋的上下端与建筑主体结构的承重构件的梁或板锚固； 所述室外水平钢筋有以下安装 方式之一或同时有以下两种安装方式： 1 )、 室外水平钢筋位于室外门窗洞口上、 下； 2)、 ·室外水平钢筋位于门窗洞口以外部位墙体的室外竖向钢筋之间； 室外水平钢筋两 端与室外竖向钢筋连接， 或室外水平钢筋两端与支承悬挑梁固定； 所述室内水平钢筋 两端与室内垂直钢筋固定， 或室内水平钢筋与建筑主体结构的承重构件的柱或墙固 定； 位于窗台下的室內垂直钢筋的一端与建筑主体结构的承重构件的梁或板锚固， 另 一端与窗口的室内水平钢筋固定； 室外钢筋、 室内钢筋分别嵌埋在室外、 室内保护层 '所述内外拉接线为不锈钢丝或塑料绳或化纤绳； 所述内外拉接线将室内钢筋与室 外钢筋连接； 或内外拉接线内端锚固在建筑主体结构的承重构件内， 内外拉接线外端 与室外钢筋连接； 内外拉接线可水平拉接或斜向交叉拉接； 所述网状抗拉材料的安装 有以下方式： 1 )、 网状抗拉材料位于保护层内潜埋， 网状抗拉材料与室外钢筋、 室内 钢筋连接； 2)、 用胶粘剂将耐碱网布粘贴在保护层表面； 以上两种方式择一选用或同 时选用； 3 )、 或在前两种技术方案的基础上还将耐碱网布粘贴在门窗口的芯层表面与 M侧保护层搭接连接； 芯层位于门窗洞口处不设有水泥砂浆或细石混凝土保护层； 门 -窗安装在洞口的芯层上，'或门窗安装在洞口芯层上的耐碱网布上， 形成洞口隔热断桥 的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体； 在门窗的两侧分别有洞口的门窗外侧保护层和 洞口的门窗内侧保护层， 洞口的门窗外侧保护层和洞口的门窗内侧保护层与门窗两侧 留有的芯层和室内外两侧保护层粘结。
PS.板不同厚度时， 背景技术所述本专利申请发明人的两个已公开专利技术（有 洞口 桥） 的复合墙体， ½本发明洞口隔热断桥构造， 洞口线性传热系数为 "0" 的 一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体平均传热系数对比表见附表。
由附表可见， 本发明的复合保温墙体因采取洞口隔热断桥措施， 墙体传热系数远 远低于背景技术所述己公开专利复合墙体的传热系数， 窗墙比越大， 二者相差越大， 大幅度提高墙体节能保温效果。 EPS板厚度 0.2~0.3m， 复合墙体总厚度 0.26~0.36 (这 是一个使人感到舒适的墙体厚度）， 在窗墙比 0.36— 0.414之间时， 本发明的复合墙体 平均传热系数可以达到 0.26~0.18w/m2.k，而本专利申请人已公开专利的复合墙体平均 传热系数为 0.47~0.386 w/m2.k， 即本发明的复合墙体比本专利申请人已公开专利的复 合墙体减少传热热损失约一半，.可以满足低能耗建筑的需要， 对采暖地区， 特别是严 寒地区降低复合墙体传热系数、 建设低能耗建筑具有重要意义。
附表 背景技术所述本专利申请发明人的两个已公开专利的复合墙体， 与本发明 的保温复合墙体在洞口线性传热系数为 " 0"时的平均传热系数对比表， 单位： w/m2.k 窗墙 墙体 洞口热桥情况 EPS板厚度 mm
窗尺寸 比 面积 150 180 200 250 300 两侧有网墙体传热系数 0.264 0.228 0.209 0.173 0.147 梁柱外侧墙体传热系数 0.412 0.327 0.291 0.228 0.188 支承悬挑粱传 a系数 . 2.99 2.85 2.755 2.558 2.381
1 .8x 1 .5 0.27 7.38 有洞口热桥， 热桥增加 0.466 0.411 0.385 0.339 0.307
墙体平均传热系数
0.134
洞口热桥为 "0" 0.332 0.277 0.251 0.205 0.173
2.1 x 1.5 0.315 6.93 有洞口热桥， 热桥增加 0.491 0.436 0.410 0.363 0.331
墙体平均传热系数
0.156 - 洞口热桥为 "0" 0.335 0.280 0.254 0.207 0.175
2.4 1 .5 0.36 6.48 有洞口热桥， 热桥增加 0.52 0.464 0.437 0.389 0.357
墙体平均传热系数
0.180
洞口热桥为 "0" 0.340 0.284 0.257 0.209 0.177
1 .8x2.3 0.414 5.94 有洞口热桥， 热桥增加 0.554 0.496 0.469 0.420 0.386
墙体平均传热系数
0.207
洞口热桥为 "0" 0.347 0.289 0.262 0.213 0.179 2.2x2.3 0.76 5.02 有洞口热桥， 热桥增加 0.631 0.569 0.540 0.489 0.426
墙体平均传热系数
0.269
洞口热桥为 "0" 0.362 0.300 0.271 0.220 0.186 说明： 1、表中数据是按以下假定计算的：框架结构层高 2.8m,开间 3.6，梁柱外侧面积 2.6m2， 梁柱外 « EPS板厚度比表中数据减萍 6mm, 支承悬挑梁 3个， 面积 =0.1 ><0.12x3=0.036 m2。
2、 EPS板导热系数 0.05 w/m.k (接缝用聚氨酯发泡胶，不考虑接缝影响），梁柱外侧 EPS 板修正的导热系数 0.053 w/m.k。
3、 附表中相同窗墙比中的上一行数字是本专利申请发明人的两个己公开专利的复合墙 体， 有洞口热桥的平均传热系数， 下一行是本发明洞口隔热断桥， 且洞口线性传热系数为 " 0"时 的复合墙体平均传热系数。 本发明与已公开技术的关键不同点是： 本发明在门窗洞口采取隔热断桥构造。而 目前所有的节能保温墙体技术， 都没有解决门窗洞口热桥的难题， 在门窗洞口周边流 失大量的能量。
本发明的技术效果是：
1、 本发明的复合保温墙体因采取洞口隔热断桥措施， 复合墙体节能保温效果远 远超过背景技术所述个已公开专利复合墙体的节能保温效果， 对建筑节能减排具有重 要意义。 ' .
2、 本发明提出了支承悬挑梁为钢桁架悬挑梁， 所述钢桁架悬挑梁有斜杆承受拉 力的构造， 施工方便， 速度快， 不破坏模板， 节省安装人工和焊接材料消耗， 造价低。
3、 本发明给出芯层全部固定在建筑主体结构的承重构件外侧， 形成外挂式保温 复合墙体的构造， 安装芯层速度快， 施工更方便， 造价低， 增加墙体节能保温效果， 设计计算墙体平均传热系数简单。
4、 本发明提出了方便安装幕墙装饰， 方便安装洞口防盗栅栏及洞口厚重装饰物 的构造： 设置并列的双钢筋， 在并列的双钢筋之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设 置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢构造， 克服了当前外墙安装上述重物时必须将型钢穿透保 温层与基层墙体固定， 型钢数量多， 钢材耗量多， 断面大， 影响节能减排效果的问题。
5、 本发明给出弧形窗洞口的构造， 从而可满足外墙多样化装饰的需要。
6、 本发明给出利用塑料胀钉及其它办法固定网状抗拉材料， 满足施工安装的简 使办法， 加快施工速度、 保证安装网状抗拉材料的施工质量、 减少人工、 降低造价。
7、 本发明在洞口设置防水层， 可解决复合墙体洞口防水不好的质量通病， 对延 长复合墙休耐久性具有重要作用。
8、 本发明在墙体上设置塑料薄膜或塑料复合膜作为防水防潮层， 隔气防潮效果 好、造价低、安装简单， 进一步增加复合墙体节能保温效果， 延长复合墙体耐久年限。
' 本发明完善了已公幵技术的构造， 并提出了有利于施工安装的具体措施。 本发明全面地解决了背景技术提出的已公开技术存在的问题，本发明的一种两侧 有网抹灰的保蕰复合墙体设计方便、 施工方便， 其经济性、 保温隔热性能、 抗震抗风 性能、 减少施工阶段能耗, 都超过了包括轻钢骨架墙体在内的一切墙体。本发明可同 时满足当代人类对墙体的诸多要求： 轻质、保温节能、省地、抗震抗风、外饰面安全、 防火符合规定、 造价低廉， 施工方便。 本发明对建筑抗震抗风， 应对全球气候变化具 有重要意义。 附图说明
图 1是实施例一的洞口隔热断桥的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体窗口垂直剖 面图， 洞口芯层为矿物棉， 窗户外侧保护层是薄抹灰保温层；
. 图 2 是实施例一的洞口隔热断桥的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体水平剖面 图，. 洞口芯层为矿物棉， 窗户外侧保护层是薄抹灰保温层；
. 图 3是实施例一的洞口隔热断桥的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体窗口垂直剖 面隔热断桥构造图， 芯层全部位于建筑主体结构的外侧， 为外挂式保温复合墙体； 图 4是实施例一的洞口隔热断桥的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体窗口水平剖 面隔热断桥构造图， 芯层全部位于建筑主体结构的外侧， 为外挂式保温复合墙体； 图 5是实施例一、三的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体在窗台的隔热断桥构造 垂直剖面图， 洞口芯层为保温砂浆， 窗户外侧保护层是保温砂浆；
图 0是实施例一、三的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体在窗台隔热断桥构造垂 直剖面图， 洞口芯层为矿物棉， 窗户外侧保护层是薄抹灰保温层的保护层；
图 7是实施例一、三的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体在窗台隔热断桥构造垂 直剖面图， 洞口芯层为矿物棉， 窗户外侧保护层水泥砂浆；
图 8是混凝土支承悬挑梁安装构造图；
图 9是幕墙装饰时混凝土支承悬挑梁安装构造图；
图 10是钢桁架支承悬挑梁示意图；
图 11是一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体洞口室内钢筋布置图；
图 12是一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体在大面积实墙处室内钢筋布置图； 图 13 是水平条带形的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体室外支承悬挑梁及钢筋 布置图， 窗台水平钢筋为双钢筋；
:图 14是一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体室外支承悬挑梁及钢筋布置图， 窗台 水平钢筋为双钢筋：
图 15是实施例六外立面为弧形窗的一种两侧有网抹灰的复合保温墙体立面钢筋 布置图；
图 16是一种洞口有热桥的两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体窗口垂直剖面图。
图 1 7是实施例一的一种砌筑墙体 3-2与芯层 3粘结复合连接的、洞口隔热断桥的 两侧有网抹灰的复合墙体垂直剖面图；
图 18是实施例一的另一种砌筑墙体 3-2与芯层 3粘结复合连接的、洞口隔热断桥 的两侧有网抹灰的复合墙体垂直剖面图；
图 19是实施例六的复合保温墙体洞口周边为双排钢筋室外钢筋布置图； 图 20是图 19的窗口上下水平钢筋 7-2与双钢筋的室外竖向钢筋 7-1连接示意图； 图 21是实施例八的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体外立面钢筋布置图； 图 22是一种洞口有热桥的两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体墙体垂直剖面图， 窗口 上皮标高与梁下皮标高相同。
图 23是实施例九的塑料胀钉内外拉接安装剖面图；
图 24是塑料胀钉 40的外套管 40-1剖面图；
图 25是塑料胀钉 40的芯杆 40-2剖面图；
图 26是实施例九支架 19室内外网状抗拉材料安装方法剖面图；
图 27是实施例九为准确安装网状抗拉材料设置卡件 18安装剖面图。
以上附图中涉及金属网或竹筋网的安装都是表示金属网或竹筋网位于保护层的 中部。 实施例
实施例一： 见图 1〜图 9、 图 11、 图 13， 本实施例的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复 合墙体由建筑主体结构的承重构件 1、 芯层 3、 网状抗拉材料 5、 室内钢筋 6、 室外钢 筋 7、 保护层 8、 ίΙΗΙ口的门窗外侧保护层 8-1、 洞口的门窗内侧保护层 8-2、 支承悬挑 梁或板 1-5及内外拉接线 9组成;所述建筑主体结构的承重构件 1为梁 (包括基础梁）、 板 （包括基础底板）、 柱、 承重墙； 所述室外钢筋 7包括室外竖向钢筋 7-1、 室外水平 钢筋 7-2; 所述室内钢筋 6包括室内垂直钢筋 6-1、 室内水平钢筋 6-2; 所述芯层 3为 高分子保温材料、 矿物棉毡、 植物秸秆、 纸蜂窝板、 保温砂浆或胶粉聚苯颗粒保温浆 料， 或为高分子保温板与水泥纤维板或硅钙板粘结的复合板， 或为轻质砌体， 或所述 芯层 3的室内侧有砌筑墙体 3-2与芯层 3粘结复合连接， 成为与砌体复合的芯层 3， 见图 17、 '图 18 ; 所述网状抗拉材料 5为耐碱网布 5-1或金属网 5-2或竹筋网 5-3 ; 所 述洞口的门窗外侧保护层 8-1、 洞口的门窗内侧保护层 8-2为具有保温作用的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土包括普通的水泥砂浆 或细石混凝土，还包括改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土；所述支承悬挑梁或板 1-5 为混凝土支承悬挑梁或板， 见图 8、 图 9， 支承悬挑梁或板 1-5的内端与建筑主体结构 的承重构件 1固定； 所述芯层 3安装在建筑主体结构的承重构件 1的梁、 板与柱、 承 重墙形成的内框之间， 在建筑主体结构的承重构件 1 的外侧面还有芯层 3 (见图 1、 图 2)、； 在芯层 3的室内外两侧有保护层 8， 保护层 8与芯层 3连接， 或与砌体复合 的芯层 3的室内侧保护层 8与砌筑墙体 3-2粘结； 位于窗间墙的室外竖向钢筋 7-1上 下端与支承悬挑梁或板 1-5外端固定（与外端钢筋、预埋钢板或预埋型钢固定）， 位于 窗台下室外竖向钢筋 7-1的一端与支承悬挑梁或板 1-5外端固定， 另一端与窗口的室 外水平钢筋 7-2固定 （见图 Π、 图 13， 阳台板也是这种构造）； 位于窗间墙的室内垂 直钢筋 6-1的上下端与建筑主体结构的承重构件 1的梁或板锚固； 所述室外水平钢筋 7-2有以下安装方式之一或同时有以下两种安装方式： 1 )、 室外水平钢筋 7-2位于室 外门窗洞口上、 下； 2)、 室外水平钢筋 7-2位于门窗洞口以外部位墙体的室外竖向钢 筋 7-1之间； 室外水平钢筋 7-2两端与室外竖向钢筋 7-1连接， 或室外水平钢筋 7-2 两端与支承悬挑梁 1-5固定； 所述室内水平钢筋 6-2两端与室内垂直钢筋 6-1固定， 或室内水平钢筋 6-2与建筑主体结构的承重构件 1的柱或墙固定（如图 13的水平条带 窗）;位于窗台下的室内垂直钢筋 6-1的一端与建筑主体结构的承重构件 1的梁或板锚 固， 另一端与窗口的室内水平钢筋 6-2固定； 室外钢筋 7、 室内钢筋 6分别嵌埋在室 外、 室内保护层 8.内； 所述内外拉接线 9为不锈钢丝或塑料绳或化纤绳； 所述内外拉 接线 9将室内钢筋 6与室外钢筋 7连接； 或内外拉接线 9内端锚固在建筑主体结构的 承重构件 1内， 内外拉接线 9外端与室外钢筋 7连接； 内外拉接线 9可水平拉接或斜 向交叉拉接； 所述网状抗拉材料 5的安装有以下方式： 1 )、 网状抗拉材料 5位于保护 层 8内潜埋， 网状抗拉材料 5与室外钢筋 7、 室内钢筋 6连接； 2)、 用胶粘剂将耐碱 网布 5-1粘贴在保护层 8表面； 以上两种方式择一选用或同时选用； 3 )、 或在前两种 技术方案的基础上还将耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在门窗口的芯层 3表面与两侧保护层 8搭接 连接； 芯层 3位于门窗洞口处不设有水泥砂浆或细石混凝土保护层； 门窗安装在洞口 的芯层 3上， 或门窗安装在洞口芯层 3上的耐碱网布 5-1上， 形成洞口隔热断桥的一 种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体； 在门窗的两侧分别有洞口的门窗外侧保护层 8-1和 洞口的门窗内侧保护层 8-2， 洞口的门窗外侧保护层 8-1和洞口的门窗内侧保护层 8-2 与门窗两侧留有的芯层 3和室内外两侧保护层 8粘结。
当建筑有外悬挑的混凝土板如阳台、 雨搭、 斜屋面板时， 外悬挑的混凝土板就是 支承悬挑梁或板中的支承悬挑板 1-5， 室外竖向钢筋 7可直接与支承悬挑板 1-5固定， 钻孔植筋固定或预埋钢筋等固定。
本发明所述改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土是指： 1、 添加外加剂、 粉煤灰、 防水剂、 保水剂、 阻裂纤维等材料改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土； 2、 还包括 添加保水剂、 胶粘剂形成的水泥聚合物砂浆或水泥聚合物混凝土， 可用干粉砂浆或工 地加入乳液型胶粘剂配制， 特别是门窗口边缘局部用水泥聚合物弹性砂浆或水泥聚合 物弹性混凝土作为保护层。 在有钢筋位置的保护层用聚合物砂桨或聚合物混凝土， 对 保护钢筋防止腐蚀有益，还对阻裂，增加耐久年限有利。阻裂纤维有聚丙烯短切纤维、 耐碱玻璃短切纤维、 麻刀等。 门窗安装时将连接钢片与水泥聚合物弹性砂浆固定， 或 在洞口钢筋上安装钢片， 用自攻螺钉将门窗连接钢片与洞口钢筋的钢片固定。
芯层可以为二种保温材料或不同保温材料： 1 )、 芯层为耐火性差的高分子保温材 料时， 隔热断桥洞口周围局部芯层应选用防火性能好的保温材料， 例如矿物棉、 保温 砂浆， 这样芯层就是两种材料， 可将矿物棉或保温砂浆作为洞口保温层。 但是矿物棉 宜吸水吸潮， 故周围应包裹防水防潮材料， 例如包裹聚酯夹铝箔 （PET//AL//PET) 塑 料复合膜。 涂刷聚丙烯酸酯弹性乳液， 可将塑料复合膜包裹矿物棉， 并与高分子芯层 粘结。 涂刷了聚丙烯酸酯弹性乳液的塑料膜可与水泥砂浆、 水泥聚合物砂浆、 保温砂 浆等粘结。 2)、 建筑主体结构外侧的芯层可以为聚氨酯发泡胶， 而在框架洞口内可以 为 EPS板， 故芯层可以是两种材料或三种材料。 3 )、、 芯层还可以为内外两种材料， 如室外侧为纸蜂窝板， 室内侧为高分子保温材料， 或者反之。 保温砂浆如玻化微珠保 温砂浆、 稀土保温砂浆及陶粒砂保温砂浆等。
, · 芯层为高分子保温材料时， 保护层与芯层之间的粘接通过涂刷界面剂粘接， 界面 剂应按专利号 ZL200810170949.0 的本人发明专利施工。 或在芯层的表面有凹槽， 使 保护层与芯层连接。
与砌体复合的芯层 3的构造可增加复合墙体防盗安全性， 见图 17、 图 18， 特别 对于一层墙体在某些情况下可能需要。 砌筑墙体 3-2可仅在窗口下设置， 即窗口上方 仍是轻质保温材料的芯层 3， 方便施工， 否则需要安装过梁， 麻烦， 没有必要。
本发明所述网状抗拉材料与室外钢筋、室内钢筋连接是指将网状抗拉材料与钢筋 绑扎连接，'或耐碱网布粘贴在保护层内或表面， 通过与保护层的粘结， 保护层与室外 钢筋、 室内钢筋握裹连接， 使耐碱网布与室外钢筋、 室内钢筋连接。
室外竖向钢筋 7-1上下端与支承悬挑梁或板 1-5外端固定包括了垂直固定和斜拉 的园定两种形式： 1 )、 室外竖向钢筋 7-1与支承悬挑梁 1-5上下垂直固定， 这是应用 最多的一种形式； 2 )、 门窗洞口边缘的室外竖向钢筋 7-1也可以上下端锚固在保护层 8内， 与相邻支承悬挑梁 1-5通过斜拉钢筋固定， 见图 14。 室外竖向钢筋 7-1与支承 悬挑梁或板 1-5固定， 可以与支承悬挑梁或板 1-5上的预埋钢板焊接固定， 用于涂料 或块料面层装饰， 见图 8; 或室外竖向钢筋 7-1与支承悬挑梁 1-5上的预埋型钢焊接 连接固定， 幕墙装饰及广告牌的型钢与支承悬挑梁 1-5外端的预埋型钢焊接， 见图 9， 同时幕墙装饰及安装广告牌时， 可按实施例六在双钢筋的室外竖向钢筋上每隔一定距 离焊接槽铜； 槽钢突出在外保护层外侧， 与幕墙装饰及广告牌的型钢焊接。
本实施例 "所述室外水平钢筋 7-2有以下安装方式之一或同时有以下两种安装方 式: 1)、 室外水平钢筋 7-2位于室外门窗洞口上、 下； 2)、 室外水平钢筋 7-2位于门 窗洞口以外部位墙体的室外竖向钢筋 7-1之间； 室外水平钢筋 7-2两端与室外竖向钢 筋 7-1连接， 或室外水平钢筋 7-2两端与支承悬挑梁 1-5固定"， 是指门窗洞口上、 下 一般应设置室外水平钢筋， 室内水平钢筋与室外水平钢筋多数情况下对应设置， 但是 ¾ 22'表示窗口上皮标高就是梁的下部标高， 则不需要在窗口上方设置室内水平钢筋。 位于左右窗间墙部位多数情况下也应设置室外水平钢筋， 除非相邻室外竖向钢筋的距 离较近，'可不用设置室外水平钢筋。 一般情况下， 洞口的室外水平钢筋和室内水平钢 筋可为 Φ4镀锌钢筋， Φ4钢筋与两侧钢筋缠绕绑扎， 施工方便。 必要时， 室外水平 钢筋、 室内钢筋可为 Φ6或. Φ8钢筋， Φ6或 Φ8钢筋与洞口两侧钢筋通过与连接钢 板焊接连接。
■； 本 施例将门窗安装在洞口芯层上， 或安装在洞口芯层的耐碱网布上， 即在门窗 与芯层之间不存在水泥砂浆抹灰保护层热桥， 延长了室内保护层 8与室外的距离。 图 5〜图 7表示了洞口三种隔热断桥构造示意图， 其中图 6洞口芯层采用矿物棉， 并在洞 口外侧粘贴薄抹灰保温板作为保护层构造的隔热断桥效果最好。在 L+a路径内的热阻 不小于主墙体热阻时， 洞口线性传热系数值就为 "0" ， 大幅度增加复合墙体节能保 温效果。 图 5洞口芯层采用保温砂浆， 保温砂浆导热系数较高， 隔热断桥效果稍差， 若 L+a路径内的热阻小于主墙体热阻， 洞口线性传热系数值虽不能为 " 0" (具体数 值可用热工的二维有限元软件计算）， 但其数值也远远小于 0.1w/m.k。 门窗洞口隔热 断桥构造对降低墙体平均传热系数， 减少热量流失的通道， 提高墙体保温节能效果有 重要意义。
洞口的门窗外侧保护层、 洞口的门窗内侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层， 其中 重要的是洞口的门窗外侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层， 如用保温砂浆、 胶粉聚苯 颗粒或 EPS板薄抹灰保温条， 但室内应满足防火要求， 如用保温砂桨， 室内也可为水 泥砂浆， 在窗台上有窗台板时， 窗台板就是洞口的门窗内侧保护层 8-2。 洞口的门窗 外侧保护层为具有保温作用的保护层可起到两个作用： 1 )、 进一步延长室内保护层到 室外的距离， 减少洞口热桥； 2)、 防止门窗室内侧结露。 对墙体传热系数要求不是很 严格时候， 洞口门窗型材的内外两侧也可用水泥砂浆作为保护层 8， 应保证冬季门窗 内侧不结露， 此时隔热断桥效果差， 但是仍比背景技术所述本专利申请发明人两个已 公开专利复合墙体有热桥洞口的洞口线性传热系数小得多， 有一定的隔热断桥效果。
关于本实施例安装芯层的说明：
先在建筑主体结构的承重构件的外侧用聚合物砂浆粘结固定芯层； 芯层固化后， 将大块芯层粘贴在建筑主体结构的承重构件框架洞口范围内， 大块芯层与建筑主体结 构的承重构件外侧粘贴固定的芯层之间留有缝隙， 在缝隙用聚氨酯发泡胶发泡填充密 封粘结固定， 相邻大块芯层之间的接缝也用聚氨酯发泡胶发泡填充密封粘结固定， 聚 氨酯发泡胶粘结速度快。 或在芯层相互接缝处有凹槽、 凸起， 凹.槽、 凸起可相互卡住 连接。框架洞口范围内的大块芯层与主体结构之间粘结的水泥聚合物砂浆即使一时还 没有固化， 因框架洞口范围内的大块芯层通过与建筑主体结构的承重构件的外侧已经 粘结固定的芯层粘结， 就可使大块芯层基本固定了， 即使需要设置斜撑数量不多。
内外拉接线将室内外钢筋永久性拉接时， 或为了在复合墙体根部增加复合墙体斜 截面抗剪切承载力时，应选用 Φ2.0 Φ3.0不锈钢丝缠绕绑扎。 1根 304#不锈钢的 Φ2.5 的不锈钢丝面积约 0.05cm2， 抗拉承载力约 5KN， 假定 10根 /m2， 面积才 0.5 cm2, 对 传热的影响很小。 图 5〜图 7表示了洞口处钢筋内外拉接构造。因内外拉接线在洞口处是紧贴洞口芯 层粘结在一起的， 在图中难以表示， 故仅在图 5〜图 7中使其相互离开距离来表示， 在 图 1、 图 2中仅表示了洞口芯层内侧用内外拉接线来拉接内外钢筋的构造， 而在图 3、 图 4的洞口未表示安装内外拉接线的构造。
关于本发明安装网状抗拉材料的说明- 网状抗拉材料中的竹筋网仅用于简易建筑， 大多情况下用金属网如镀锌电焊网， 金属网或竹筋网必须位于保护层 8的中部， 因镀锌电焊网需要水泥砂浆碱性环境环境 的保护， 金属网或竹筋网需要与钢筋绑扎， 并埋藏在保护层内与保护层握裹。 用胶粘 剂如水泥聚合物 ¾^、浆可将耐碱网布牢固地粘贴在保护层表面， 施工方便， 受力和阻裂 性能更好， 耐碱网布可用于低层建筑。 故耐碱网布既可位于保护层中部， 还可位于保 护层外部。 因耐碱网布在没有碱性的环境中耐久性更好， 且在隔热断桥洞口部位不能 用金属网， 粘贴耐碱网布拉接方便， 附图中洞口的都是粘贴耐碱网布。 耐碱网布表面 涂覆树脂， 无论安装在保护层中部， 还是安装在保护层表面或芯层表面都需要用胶粘 剂粘贴，在洞口表面与芯层粘贴时用聚丙烯酸酯弹性乳液原浆（不加水泥）粘结为好。
实施例二： 见图 10， 本实施例与实施例一的不同点是： 所述支承悬挑梁或板 1-5 为钢桁架悬挑梁， 所述钢桁架悬挑梁有斜杆承受拉力； 或还用水泥聚合物砂桨保护钢 桁架悬挑梁免于腐蚀； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口； 或所述洞口芯层 3上有水泥砂浆或 细石混凝土抹灰层的洞口保护层 8-3， 芯层 3与洞口保护层 8-3连接， 门窗安装在洞 口保护层 8-3上， 形成有热桥的洞口。
本实施例是为了解决背景技术所述本专利申请发明人己公开专利技术存在的第 2 个问题而提出的。
'本实施例与已公开技术的关键不同点在于： 本实施例提出了支承悬挑梁或板 1-5 为钢桁架悬挑梁， 所述钢桁架悬挑梁有斜杆承受拉力的构造。
背景技术已叙述了己公幵技术釆用钢支撑或混凝土支承悬挑梁存在的问题。
现在所用钢桁架都是应用于屋面工程中， 还没有像本发明将钢桁架应用于墙体技 术中， 成为吊挂保温层 （或称之为芯层） 外侧的钢筋、 钢丝网抹灰幕墙的钢桁架悬挑 梁。
建筑的主体结构为钢结构时， 支承悬挑梁或板为钢桁架悬挑梁的构造， 方便与钢 的安装， 而用混凝土支承悬挑梁不方便与钢结构的连接。 钢桁架悬挑梁既适用于 钢结构建筑， 也适用于混凝土结构建筑， 可在混凝土上预埋或植筋安装钢板， 钢板与 钢桁架悬挑梁连接。为防止钢桁架悬挑梁腐蚀，位于钢桁架悬挑梁位置的芯层接口处， 可灌注聚丙烯酸酯弹性乳液配制的水泥聚合物弹性砂浆， 不仅保护钢桁架悬挑梁防 腐， 并与高分子芯层粘结为一体。
采用钢桁架悬挑梁的优点在于：
1 )、 支承悬挑梁或板钢桁架悬挑梁克服了己公开技术混凝土支承悬挑梁的缺点， » /在混凝土内设置钢板与钢桁架悬挑梁连接， 不破坏混凝土的模板， 节省安装人工和 焊接材料消耗， 施工方便， 还方便与钢结构连接。
2)、 钢祐架悬挑梁的用钢量低于混凝土支承悬挑梁， 满足垂直吊挂受力的安全要 求； 以应用量最多的平面钢桁架悬挑梁为例， 在平面钢桁架悬挑梁两侧的保温层或称 之为芯层留出的缝隙内灌注水泥聚合物砂浆的厚度一般为 40mm即可，而己公开技术 的混凝土悬挑梁厚度一般需要 100mm， 这就减少了支承悬挑梁混凝土的传热。 因此， 设置钢桁架悬挑梁不仅方便施工， 且对降低墙体传热系数， 对墙体节能保温有利。 钢 桁架悬挑梁可满足不同使用要求下对支承悬挑梁不同使用功能的要求， 施工方便、 降 低造价。
钢桁架悬挑梁包括平面的和空间形式的钢桁架悬挑梁， 一般应用平面钢桁架悬挑 梁可满足大多数情况下的使用要求， 室外为厚重幕墙装饰时可用空间形式的钢桁架悬 挑梁。 —
实施例三： 见图 3、 图 4、 图 11、 图 12， 本实施例与实施例一或二的不同点是- 所述芯层 3全部安装在建筑主体结构的承重构件 1的外侧面， 形成外挂式保温复合墙 体; 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口； 或所述洞口为有热桥洞口。
本实施例与已公开技术的关键不同点在于：本实施例提供了外挂式保温复合墙体 的构造。
本实施例是为了解决背景技术所述本专利申请发明人已公开专利技术存在的第 3 个问题而提出的。
； 外挂式保温复合墙体在建筑各个部位的芯层厚度都是相同的， 就可按层高或接近 层高安装大块芯层， 减少芯层接缝， 例如芯层为常用的 EPS板时， 一块芯层的大板就 可位于柱和上下梁的外侧直至窗口侧边（目前芯层可能的最大宽度是 1.2m，高度 6m)， 用水泥聚合物砂浆粘贴加塑料胀钉固定的办法将芯层的三边与柱和上下梁固定， 直接 快速就可把芯层 EPS板固定在建筑主体结构的承重构件的外侧，可不必设置或大幅度 减少设置斜撑的工作量， 安装时在框架洞口内的芯层之间接缝可用聚氨酯发泡胶发泡 密封粘结，安装速度快。外挂式保温复合墙体可大大降低人工和材料消耗， 降低造价， 方便施工， 并因减少芯层接缝， 增加墙体节能保温效果， 方便设计人员计算墙体平均 传热系数。 本发明的保温复合墙体， 芯层是选用外挂式构造， 还是芯层一部分位于框 架梁柱范围内， 还有一部分位于框架梁柱外侧， 应根据建筑高度、 风荷载大小及地震 烈虔等确定。
实施例四： 见图 1〜图 4、 图 11〜图 13、 图 17、 图 18， 本实施例与实施例一、 二 或三的不同点是： 本实施例增加锚固钢筋 2; 所述锚固钢筋 2位于室内垂直钢筋 6-1 之间， 锚固铜筋 2与建筑主体结构的承重构件 1梁或板锚固； 或锚固钢筋 2还与建筑 主休结构的承重构件 1柱或墙锚固; 所述锚固钢筋 2仅一端与建筑主体结构的承重构 件 1锚固， 锚固钢筋 2另 端位于保护层 8内， 锚固钢筋 2与网状抗拉材料 5搭接连 接。
设置锚,钢筋 2可减少室内垂直钢筋 6-1的数量， 方便施工， 减少钢筋消耗， 通 过设置锚固钢筋， 锚固钢筋与网状抗拉材料 5搭接连接， 可发挥室内网状抗拉材料抗 拉作用。 锚固钢筋 2与既与建筑主体结构的承重构件 1、 的梁或板锚固， 还与建筑主 体结构的承重构件 1的柱或承重墙锚固，可使复合墙体可成为双向板，受力性能更好。 锚固钢筋 2的规格通常为 Φ4镀锌钢筋，耐久性好，且有利减薄抹灰保护层 8的厚度。
实施例五： 见图 1〜图 7、 图 11〜图 18， 本实施例与实施例一〜四之一的不同点是- 本实施例的内外拉接线 9还将室内外网状抗拉材料 5相互拉接， 或内外拉接线 9将一 侧的钢筋与另一侧的网状抗拉材料 5相互拉接， 或内外拉接线 9将建筑主体结构 1与 另一侧的网状抗拉材料 5相互拉接。
内外拉接线 9将室内外网状抗拉材料 5相互拉接时， 用不大于 Φ 1.0的不锈钢丝 绑扎即可， 或用塑料绳、 化纤线。 可在金属网与芯层之间垫一个小支架 19， 内外拉接 线 9穿过芯层 3与两侧支架 19连接， 再与两侧的网状抗拉材料 5连接， 保证网状抗 拉材料与芯层的距离准确， 见图 26。 小支架 19可用废铁皮或塑料制做， 塑料绳耐久 性不好， 塑料绳绑扎是为了施工临时固定方便， 不应用于室内外钢筋的相互拉接。
实施例六： 见图 11、 图 13、 图 14、 图 19， 本实施例与实施例一〜五之一的不同 点是，· 本实施例的室外钢筋 7为并列的双钢筋， 并列的室外竖向钢筋 7-1与支承悬挑 梁或扳 1 -5锚固； 或 /和室内钢筋 6为并列的双钢筋； 在并列的室外钢筋 7之间、 并列 的室内钢筋 6之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢； 所 述洞口为隔热断桥洞口； 或所述洞口为有热桥洞口； 形成一种有并列双钢筋的加强构 造的两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
本实施例与已公开技术的关键不同点在于： 本实施例的室外钢筋 7或 /和室内钢 筋 6为并列的双钢筋， 在并列的室外钢筋 7之间、 并列的室内钢筋 6之间， 设置钢筋 形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢，提供了在轻质保温复合墙体上安 装各种重物需要的构造。
本实施例是为了解决背梟技术所述本专利申请发明人已公开专利技术存在的第 4 个问题而提出的。
本实施例不用型钢穿透芯层， 型钢与双钢筋上的或钢板或块状型钢连接， 用不锈 铜的内外拉接线 9内外拉接， 如前述， 不锈钢丝面积小， 对传热的影响很小， 抗拉承 载力大， 可以满足内外拉接的安全需要。
' ' 室外钢筋为弁列的双钢筋； 在并列的室外钢筋之间， 设置钢筋（形成小桁架式构 造）'或钢板或型钢。 这种构造提供了在轻型复合墙体的任意位置安装厚重装饰和安装 各种悬挂物的可能， 且既保证安全， 又不增加型钢穿透保温层的热桥。 而已公开技术 都没有披露这种构造， 难以在轻型复合墙体的任意位置装饰和安装各种悬挂物， 且既 保证安全， 又不增加型钢穿透保温层的热桥。 本实施例解决了长期以来保温复合墙体为满足各种装饰， 以及保温复合墙体上安 装各种重物时必须将型钢穿透保温层与基层墙体固定的难题，因型钢数量多，断面大， 极大地影晌节能减排效果， 还避免了穿透保温层的型钢使采暖地区室内可能结露问题 的发生， 目前各种保温复合墙体上都没有采用本实施例解决以上问题的工程实例。
' 应根据使用需要的位置确定哪个部位的钢筋为并列的双钢筋， 整栋楼设计为幕墙 装饰时可能就需要将全部室外竖向钢筋 7-1设为双钢筋。 在洞口安装厚重装饰物及防 盗栅栏等设施， 及安装广告牌、 遮阳板时， 需在窗口四周或两侧设置双钢筋， 洞口双 排钢筋还方便洞口安装矿物棉的隔热断桥构造的施工。
本实施例有以下作用：
1、 方便幕墙装饰或广告牌的型钢安装。 幕墙装饰或安装广告牌时， 在并列的双 钢筋上局部焊接型钢如槽钢， 槽钢翼缘或腹板突出在保护层外侧， 用于与幕墙装饰或 安装广告牌的型钢悍接， 增加幕墙或广告牌型钢与竖向钢筋的固定点， 幕墙或广告牌 型钢还与图 9或图 10所示支承悬挑梁锚固， 图 10钢桁架悬挑梁外端钢筋上应悍接钢 板或型钢与之连接。
. 2、 提供洞口安装厚重装饰物、 防盗栅栏及窗口上方安装遮阳板等设施的构造， 可与洞口并列的双钢筋上焊接的钢板连接。
3、 窗台处为并列的双钢筋可增加窗台处刚度。
4、 洞口并列的双钢筋还方便洞口安装矿物棉的隔热断桥构造的施工。
支承悬挑梁外端钢板的尺寸应满足安装并列的双钢筋。 图 20表示洞口上下方的 支承悬挑梁 1-5 外端焊接并列的室外竖向钢筋 7-1， 可方便洞口的室外水平钢筋 7-2 ( Φ4钢筋） 与室外竖向钢筋 7-1缠绕绑扎。
除门窗口水平钢筋为并列的双钢筋外， 墙体其佘部位一般仅是室外竖向钢筋 7-1 为并列的双钢筋，在并列的竖向钢筋 7-1上焊接块状型钢，块状型钢突出在保护层外， 用来与幕墙装饰等的型钢悍接。 "块状型钢"长度满足与外墙悬挂物的型钢焊缝长度 要求即可， 并'列的双钢筋之间的间距满足安装的钢板、 块状型钢。 在洞口安装厚重装 饰物及防盗栅栏等设施时， 可按本实施例在洞口双钢筋上焊接的钢板连接。
在室外钢筋 7为并列的双钢筋时， 室内钢筋 6可为并列的双钢筋， 也可为单根钢 筋， 用内外拉接钢丝内外拉接， 室内钢筋 6受力较大时， 可通过加大室内钢筋 6的直 径解决， 即可以与室外钢筋 7不完全对应设置。 在室内墙上需要悬挂重物如电热水器 时， 可¾需要的位置设置室内双钢筋， 应根据具体使用情况确定。
实施例七： 见 15， 本实施例与实施例一 ~六之一的不同点是， 本实施例增加吊 挂钢筋 16， 及用弧形钢筋 17替代洞口的室外水平钢筋 7-2、 替代室内水平钢筋 6-2; 吊挂钢筋 16 ^弧形钢筋 17吊挂，室外的吊挂钢筋 16与室外水平钢筋 7-1及与弧形钢 筋 17连接， 或吊挂钢筋 16与支承悬挑梁或板 1-5外端的预埋钢筋、 钢板或型钢焊接 及与弧形钢筋 17连接;室内侧吊挂钢筋 16与建筑主体结构的承重构件 1的梁板连接， 及与室内侧弧形钢筋 17连接， 吊挂钢筋 16斜向安装或垂直安装； 室外侧弧形钢筋 17 两 ^与室外竖向钢筋 7-1连接， 室内侧弧形钢筋 17两端与室内垂直钢筋 6-1连接； 弧 形钢筋 17为并列的弧形双钢筋， 在并列的弧形钢筋 17之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式 抅造或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢， 形成弧形门窗洞口； 或在弧形钢筋 17与相邻 的室外水平钢筋 7-2之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型 钢， 形成弧形门窗洞口； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口， 或所述洞口为有热桥洞口； 形成 一种弧形窗洞口的、 两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
本实施例是为了解决背景技术所述本专利申请发明人已公开专利技术存在的第 5 个问题而提出的。
本实施例与已公开技术的关键不同点在于： 本实施例提供了弧形窗户洞口的构 造，为丰富轻型复合墙体的建筑外立面提供了条件，而已公开技术没有提供这种构造。
门窗为弧形或半弧形时， 应安装弧形钢筋与两侧竖向钢筋焊接， 如窗口为圆形， 也需要有室外竖向钢筋 7-1， 便于固定弧形钢筋 17。 设置垂直吊筋及斜向吊筋来吊挂 弧形钢筋， 吊筋与支承悬挑梁焊接， 或与水平钢筋连接。 弧形钢筋一般需要设置并列 的双弧形钢筋， 在并列双弧形钢筋之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局 部焊接型钢， 有助于弧形形状的固定， 且有利于安装弧形窗户厚重装饰物； 不设置并 列的双弧形钢筋时， 需在弧形钢筋与相邻的室外水平钢筋 7-2之间， 设置钢筋形成小 桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢， 有助于弧形形状的固定。
实施例八： 见图 21， 本实施例与实施例一 ~七之一的不同点是， 本实施例增加钢板 带 70, 钢板带 70与支承悬挑梁或板 1-5连接， 在钢板带 70 i:焊接室外竖向钢筋 7-1 ; 与室外竖向钢筋 7-1对应的室内侧有室内垂直钢筋 6-1，室内垂直钢筋 6-1与建筑主体 结构的承重构件 1:的上下梁、 板锚固； 内外拉接线 9将钢板带 70上焊接的室外竖向 钢筋 7-1与室内垂直钢筋 6-1.拉接； 所述内外拉接线 9可水平拉接或斜向交叉拉接， 所述内外拉接线 9为不锈钢丝。
本实施例是为了解决背景技术所述本专利申请发明人己公开专利技术存在的第 6 个问题而提出的。 本实施例设置钢板带 70， 可加密室外竖向钢筋 7-1和对应的室内垂 直钢筋 6-1的安装密度， 且不增加支承悬挑梁数量， 为抵御巨大的水平荷载， 如台风、 飓风的袭击提供了构造。 在保证内外拉接线 9的间距符合规定， 且满足抗拉强度时， 复合墙体可按双筋矩形截面进行抗弯设计。 还可在钢筋之间安装钢板或块状型钢， 用 于墙体外部安装厚重悬挂物。
实施例九： 见图 17、 图 18、 图 23〜图 26， 本实施例与实施例一 ~八之一的不同点 是： 本实施例增加塑料胀钉 40和连接线 14， 塑料胀钉 40由外套管 40-1和芯杆 40-2 组成， 外套管 40-1外端有圆盘帽 40-1-1， 芯杆 40-2外端有杆头 40-2-2; 塑料胀钉 40 将芯层 3与建筑主体结构的承重构件 1固定， 或 /和塑料胀钉 40将芯层 3与砌筑墙体 3-2固定， 塑料胀钉 40的外套管 40-1或芯杆 40-2的外端用连接线 14与室外钢筋 7 或 /和室外网状抗拉材料 5连接； 或在塑料胀钉 40与网状抗拉材料 5之间安放小支架 19, 塑料胀钉 40的外套管 40-1或芯杆 40-2的外端用连接线 14与小支架 19连接， 连 接线 14与室外钢翁 7或 /和室外网状抗拉材料 5连接；所述连接线 14为金属线或塑料 线或化纤线； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口。
本实施例是为了解决背景技术所述本专利申请发明人已公开专利技术存在的第 7 个问题而提出的。
本实施例与已公开技术的关键技术不同点在于： 当前节能墙体用塑料胀钉固定保 温层， 并不用它来保证网状抗拉材料与保温层（或称芯层）之间需要的距离， 这是因 为薄抹灰的保护层很薄， 仅为 3~4mm的水泥聚合物砂浆薄抹灰粘贴耐碱网布。 本发 明的保护层厚度约 20~30mm, 为保证网状抗拉材料位于保护层中间， 用塑料胀钉将 芯层与建筑主体结构辅助固定的同时， 还采取措施了固定网状抗拉材料拉接， 方便施 工。 而已公开技术没有提供塑料胀钉这种安装构造， 也不具备这种构造产生的作用。
在建筑主体结构施工完成后， 又需要增加与钢丝网的连接点时， 仅设置内外拉接 线无法或很困难再增加连接点。 而本实施例在安装芯层后， 可随时安装塑料胀钉和连 接线与金属网拉接， 施工方便， 减少施工人工和材料成本。 本实施例的目的是为了解 决施工中将外部网状抗拉材料 （主要是钢丝网） 安装在保护层中心， 但是实际上钢丝 网囟有弯度往往不在保护层中心。塑料胀钉外套管或芯杆的外端绑扎铁线与保护层连 接， 这样塑料胀钉不仅起到了将芯层与建筑主体结构固定的作用， 还起到了与网状抗 拉材料拉接的作用。 施工中可随时根据需要的位置， 安装塑料胀钉和连接线与室外网 状抗拉材料拉接。
塑料胀钉 9的抗拉力小， 直径 12mm的塑料胀钉抗拉拔力一般不大于 1KN/根。 不锈钢丝的内外拉接钢丝 9的抗拉力大得多， Φ2.5的 304#不锈钢丝抗拉拔力约 5 N/ 根， 需要预埋安装在建筑主体结构内， 与安装塑料胀钉 9对比， 施工不方便， 且在没 有预埋处，又需荽增加与网状抗拉材料的连接点时，无法或很困难再预埋增加连接点。 因此， 在建筑主体结构的外侧 （或还包括与砌筑墙体 3-2的外侧） 将网状抗拉材料固 定时， 采用本实施例或其它保证网状抗拉材料与芯层之间的准确距离的办法很方便施 工安装。本实施例及实施例一、五中的内外拉接办法解决的问题不同。采用实施例一、 五的不锈钢的内外拉接线 9的都属于永久性固定和内外拉接。而本实施例及其它保证 网状抗拉材料与芯层之向的准确距离的办法主要是解决施工中保证网状抗拉材料与 芯层之间的准确距离的办法。 当然， 在塑料胀钉为耐久性好的聚乙烯， 以及连接线 14 的耐久性好， 强度高时， 也可以作为永久性固定的辅助办法。
:还提供其它保证网状抗拉材料与芯层之间的准确距离的办法： 按图 27设置卡件 】8， 卡件 18的端头有倒钩， 卡件 18扣住网状抗拉材料 5, 通过倒钩与芯层 3固定， 从而将网状抗拉材料 5与保温层 3固定。
实施例九 i 见图 5〜图 7、 图 16， 本实施例与实施例一〜八之一的不同点是： 本实 施例增加防水层或防水防潮层 15，. 所述防水层或防水防潮层 15包括防水层 15-1、 防 水防潮层 15- 2， 二者择一选用； 所述防水层或防水防潮层 15有以下四种安装方式择 一选用： 1 )、 防水层 ¾防水防潮层 15直接粘贴在洞口的芯层 3上， 或防水层或防水 防镩层 15将洞口的芯层 3包裹； 2)、 在前述安装方式的基础上， 还将耐碱网布 5-1 粘贴在防水层或防水防潮层 15的表面； 3 )、 耐碱网布 5-1粘贴在洞口芯层 3的表面， 防水层或防水防潮层 15粘贴在耐碱网布 5-1的上面； 4)、 防水层或防水防潮层 15粘 贴在水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层的洞口保护层 8-3上；所述防水层或防水防潮层 15 与室外保护层 8搭接粘贴或还与室内保护层 8搭接粘贴;所述防水层 15-1为高分子防 水卷材， 所述防水防潮层 15-2为高分子防水卷材或塑料薄膜、塑料复合模； 所述洞口 为隔热断桥洞.口， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口； 形成一种洞口设有防水层或防水防潮 层的两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
本实施例是为了解决背景技术所述本专利申请发明人已公开专利技术存在的第 8 个问题而提出的。.
本实施例与已公开技术的关键技术不同点在于：本实施例在门窗洞口设防水层或 防水防潮层， 从而解决当前复合保温墙体洞口防水不好的质量通病。
防水层与防潮层是有区别的， 凡是防潮层一定防水， 但是防水层不一定防潮， 例 如聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材是透气性好的防水卷材， 它防水但不防潮。 具体应用时 根据洞口芯层材料确定是选用防水层还是选用防水防潮层， 例如洞口为矿物棉时， 就 应选用聚酯夹铝箔 (PET//AL//PET)塑料复合膜作为防水防潮层， 而洞口为保温砂浆 时， 可用聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材作为防水层。 本实施例就是在现在窗口用弹性密封 胶填塞的基础上，又提出一道洞口防水构造。推荐采用聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材、 PVC 防水卷材或聚酯夹铝箔 （PET//AL//i>ET) 塑料复合膜作为洞口防水层或防水防潮层。 防水层与室外保护层 8应搭接， 也可还与室内保护层 8搭接。 此外安装的门窗外侧保 护层 8-1应具有防水作用， 门窗外侧保护层 8-1与门窗之间有弹性密封胶密封可保证 窗口防水可靠， 并防止门窗外侧保护层 8-1与窗户之间进水冻胀破坏。
- 防水层的强度较高， 可起到将室内外保护层的拉接作用时， 可不设置耐碱网布内 外拉接， 具体应根据窗口芯层材料、 窗口拉接构造等确定。
实施例十： 本实施例与实施例一〜九的不同点是： 本实施例在保护层 8上设置防 水防水防潮层 15-2， 所述防水防潮层 15-2为塑料薄膜、 塑料复合模； 所述防水防潮 痦 15-2有以下安装方式： 1 )、 防水防潮层 15-2与室内保护层 8粘结； 2)、 防水防潮 层 15-2与窒外保护层 8粘结； 3 )、 防水防潮层 15-2与室内及室外的保护层 8粘结； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞 d， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口； 形成一种墙体设有防水防潮 层的两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
本实施例是为了解决背景技术所述本专利申请人已公开专利技术存在的第 9个问 题而提出的。 设置隔气层可增加保温复合墙体节能保温效果， 延长保温复合墙体耐久 年限。
本实施例与当前轻钢龙骨或木龙骨填充矿物棉的墙体用塑料膜作为防潮层的关 键铰术不同^在于， 轻钢龙骨或木龙骨是用塑料膜包裹矿物棉， 而本实施例是将塑料 薄膜或塑料复合膜粘贴在水泥砂浆上， 目前未见有这种安装隔气层构造， 也没有如何 在保护层上粘贴塑料薄膜或塑料复合膜的安装方法。塑料薄膜主要用于包装行业、农 用大膜， 用塑料膜包裹矿物棉也是按包装行业办法做防潮层。本实施例这种安装防水 防潮层构造隔气效果好、 造价低、 安装简单， 又增加复合墙体节能保温效果。
推荐采用聚酯夹铝箔 （PET//AL//PET) 或聚酯与铝箔 （PET//AL) 塑料复合膜作 为防水防潮层。 （PET//AL/(PET)、 (PET//AL)塑料复合膜隔气效果好、 价格低， 聚酯 (PET) 耐久性好。 （PET) 厚 12微米、 铝箔 （AL) 厚 9微米的 （PET//A /PET) 或 (PET//AL)塑料复合膜， 价格仅约 4~5元/1^， 根据《塑料薄膜和薄片气体透过性试 验方法压差法》 GB/T1038规定的测试条件计算， 其水蒸气渗透阻为 220000m2.h.Pa/g， 而当 [¾《民用建筑热工设计规范》 GB50176附表 4.3给出的隔汽效果最好的是聚氯乙 烯涂层两遍， 水蒸汽渗透阻为 3866m2.h.Pa/g， 二者相差悬殊。 若单独用聚酯膜虽然也 可以， 但阻隔性较差。 其它塑料薄膜有的耐久性不好、 造价高， 如尼龙， 有的塑料薄 膜阻隔性差， 且难以粘结， 如聚乙烯薄膜。 粘贴 （PET) 膜可用玻璃化温度较低的水 溶性胶粘剂如聚丙烯酸酯乳液粘贴， 或在聚丙烯酸酯乳液内加入水和少量硅灰（即微 硅粉） 粘贴， 外部再涂刷胶粘剂， 再刮腻子或刷涂料。
-在墙上粘贴塑料薄膜或塑料复合膜分为条带形粘贴和全面积粘贴两种形式：
1、 .防水防潮层上安装龙骨、 石膏板形成空气间层时， 可采用条带形粘贴， 位于 龙骨位置的防水防潮层应与室内保护层粘贴， 这样将龙骨与室内保护层固定钉钉时， 不会发生空气渗透。 特别是粘贴 （PET//AL) 塑料复合膜时铝箔面向室内侧， 铝箔可 反射红外线， 又进一步增加墙体节能保温效果。
2、 不形成空气间层， 在防水防潮层上直接刮腻子、 刷涂料时， 应全面积粘贴。 聚酯 （PET) 膜是强极性材料， 易于粘贴， 防水防潮层接缝处应相互搭接封闭。
环境特别潮湿或雨水较多地区的建筑， 可能还要在室外保护层上设置防水层或防 水防潮层。 ' · .
本实施方式提出用塑料薄膜、塑料复合模作为防水防潮层的效果，要远远高于《民 用建筑热工设计规范》 GB50176给出的隔汽层的效果。
本发明所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口， 即是符合实施例一的门窗安装在洞口的芯层 3 上， 或门窗安装在洞 α芯层 3上的耐碱网布 5-1上的构造。
本发明所述洞口为有热桥洞口，'即是符合实施例二的所述洞口芯层 3上有水泥砂 浆或细石混凝土抹灰层的洞口保护层 8-3， 芯层 3与洞口保护层 8-3连接， 门窗安装 在洞口保护层 8-3上， 形成有热桥的洞口构造。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 它包括建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)、 芯 层 (3)、 网状抗拉材料 (5)、 室内钢筋 (6)、 室外钢筋 (7)、 保护层 (8)、 洞口的门窗外侧保 护层 (8-1)、 洞口的门窗内侧保护层 (8-2)、 支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5)及内外拉接线 (9); 所述 建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)为梁、板、 柱、 承重墙； 所述室外钢筋 (7)包括室外竖向钢 筋 (7-1)、 室外水平钢筋 (7-2); 所述室内钢筋 (6)包括室内垂直钢筋 (6-1)、 室内水平钢筋 (6-2)： 所述芯层 (3)为高分子保温材料、 矿物棉毡、 植物秸秆、 纸蜂窝板、 保温砂浆或 胶粉聚苯颗粒保温桨料， 或为高分子保温板与水泥纤维板或硅钙板粘结的复合板， 或 为轻质砌体，或所述芯层 (3)的室内侧有砌筑墙体 (3-2)与芯层 (3)粘结复合连接，成为与 砌体复合的芯层 (3); 所述网状抗拉材料 (5)为耐碱网布 (5-1)或金属网 (5-2)或竹筋网 (5-3)； 所述洞口的门窗外侧保护层 (8-1)、 洞口的门窗内侧保护层 (8-2)为具有保温作用 的保护层， 或为水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层， 所述水泥砂浆或细石混凝土包括普通 的水泥砂浆或细石混凝土， 还包括改性的水泥砂浆或改性的细石混凝土； 所述支承悬 挑梁或板 (1-5)为混凝土支承悬挑梁或板， 支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5)的内端与建筑主体结构 的承重构件 (1)固定； 所述芯层 (3)安装在建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)的梁、 板与柱、 承重墙形成的内框之间， 在建筑主体结构的承重构件 1的外侧面还有芯层 (3); 在芯层 (3)的室内外两侧有保护层 (8)， 保护层 (8)与芯层 (3)连接， 或与砌体复合的芯层 (3)的室 内侧保护层 (8)与砌筑墙体 (3-2)粘结；位于窗间墙的室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)上下端与支承悬 挑梁或板 (1-5)外端固定， 位于窗台下室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)的一端与支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5) 外端固定， 另一端与窗口的室外水平钢筋 (7-2)固定； 位于窗间墙的室内垂直钢筋 (6-1) '的上下端与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)的梁或板锚固；所述室外水平钢筋 (7-2)有以下 安装方式之一或同时有以下两种安装方式： 1 )、 室外水平钢筋 (7-2)位于室外门窗洞口 上、卞； 2)、室外水平钢筋 (7-2)位于门窗洞口以外部位墙体的室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)之间； 室外永平钢筋 (7-¾两端与室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)连接， 或室外水平钢筋 (7-2)两端与支承悬 挑梁 (1-5)固定; 所述室内水平钢筋 (6-2)两端与室内垂直钢筋 (6-1)固定， 或室内水平钢 筋 (6-2)与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)的柱或墙固定；位于窗台下的室内垂直钢筋 (6-1) 的一端与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)的梁或板锚固， 另一端与窗口的室内水平钢筋 (6-2)固定； 室外钢筋 (7)、 室内钢筋 (6)分别嵌埋在室外、 室内保护层 (8)内； 所述内外 拉接线 (9)为不锈钢丝或塑料绳或化纤绳； 所述内外拉接线 (9)将室内钢筋 (6)与室外钢 筋 (7)连接；或内外拉接线 (9)内端锚固在建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)内，内外拉接线 (9) 外端与室外钢筋 (7)连接；'内外拉接线 (9)可水平拉接或斜向交叉拉接；所述网状抗拉材 料 (5)的安装有以下方式： 1 )、网状抗拉材料 (5)位于保护层 (8)内潜埋， 网状抗拉材料 (5) 与室外钢筋 (7)、 室内钢筋 (6)连接； 2)、 用胶粘剂将耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在保护层 (8)表 面； 以上两种方式择一选用或同时选用； 3 )、 或在前两种技术方案的基础上还将耐碱 网布 (5-1)粘贴在门窗口的芯层 3表面与两侧保护层 8搭接连接；芯层 (3)位于门窗洞口 处不设有水泥砂浆或细石混凝土保护层； 门窗安装在洞口的芯层 (3)上， 或门窗安装在 洞口芯层 (3)上的耐碱网布 (5-1)上，形成洞口隔热断桥的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合 墙体； 在门窗的两侧分别有洞口的门窗外侧保护层 (8-1)和洞口的门窗内侧保护层 (8-2), 洞口的门窗外侧保护层 (8-1)和洞口的门窗内侧保护层 (8-2)与门窗两侧留有的芯 层 (3)和室内外两侧保护层 (8)粘结。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在于， 所 述支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5)为钢桁架悬挑梁， 所述钢桁架悬挑梁有斜杆承受拉力； 或还用 水泥聚合物砂浆保护钢桁架悬挑梁免于腐蚀； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口； 或所述洞口 芯层 3上有水泥砂浆或细石混凝土抹灰层的洞口保护层 (8-3)，芯层 3与洞口保护层 (8-3) 连接， 门窗安装在洞口保护层 (8-3)上， 形成有热桥的洞口。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在于， 所述芯层 (3)全部安.装在建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)的外侧面，形成外挂式保温复合墙 体; 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在于， 它还包括锚固钢筋 (2); 所述锚固钢筋 (2)位于室内垂直钢筋 (6-1)之间， 锚固钢筋 (2)与 建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)梁或板锚固；或锚固钢筋 (2)还与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1) 或墙锚固； 所述锚固钢飭 (2)仅一端与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)错固， 锚固钢 筋 (2)另一端位于保护层 (8)内， 锚固钢筋 (2)与网状抗拉材料 (5) 搭接连接。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在于， 它 还包括锚固钢筋 (2); 所述锚固钢筋 (2)位于室内垂直钢筋 (6-1)之间， 锚固钢筋 (2)与建 筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)梁或板锚固；或锚固钢筋 (2)还与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1) 柱或墙 ^固；所述锚固钢筋 (2)仅一端与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)锚固，锚固钢筋 (2) 另一端位于保护层 (8)内， 锚固钢筋 (2)与网状抗拉材料 (5) 搭接连接。
' 6、 根据权利要求 1、 2或 5所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在 于，所述室外钢筋 (7)为并列的双钢筋，并列的室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)与支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5) 锚固； 或 /和室内钢筋 (6)为并列的双钢筋； 在并列的室外钢筋 (7)之间、 并列的室内钢 筋 (6)之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部悍接块状型钢； 所述洞口为 隔热断桥洞口， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口； 形成一种有并列双钢筋的加强构造的两 侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
7、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在于， 所 述室外钢筋 (7)为井列的双钢筋， 并列的室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)与支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5)锚 固-， 或 /和室内钢筋 (6)为并列的双钢筋； 在并列的室外钢筋 (7)之间、 并列的室内钢筋 (6)之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢； 所述洞口为隔 热断桥洞口， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口； 形成一种有并列双钢筋的加强构造的两侧 有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
8、 根 权利要求 1、 2或 5所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在 于， 它还包括吊挂钢筋 （16)， 及用弧形钢筋 (17)替代洞口的室外水平钢筋 (7-2)、 替代 室内水平钢筋 (6-2); 吊挂钢筋 (16)将弧形钢筋 (17)吊挂， 室外的吊挂钢筋 (16)与室外水 平钢筋 (7-1)及与弧形钢筋 (17)连接，或吊挂钢筋 (16)与支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5)外端的预埋 钢筋、钢板或型钢焊接及与弧形钢筋 (17)连接；室内侧吊挂钢筋 (16)与建筑主体结构的 承重构件 (1)的梁、 板连接及与室内侧弧形钢筋 (17)连接， 吊挂钢筋 (16)斜向安装或垂 直安装；室外侧弧.形钢筋 (17)两端与室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)连接，室内侧弧形钢筋 (17)两端 与室内垂直钢筋 (6-1)连接；弧形钢筋 (17)为并列的弧形双钢節，在并列的弧形钢筋 (17) 之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢， 形成弧形门窗洞 口； 或在弧形钢筋 (17)与相邻的室外水平钢筋 (7-2)之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造 或设置钢板或局部焊接块状型钢， 形成弧形门窗洞口； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口， 或 所述洞口为有热桥洞口； 形成一种弧形门窗洞口的、 两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
9、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在于， 它 还包括吊挂钢筋 （16)， 及用弧形钢筋 (17)替代洞口的室外水平钢筋 (7-2)、 替代室内水 平钢筋 (6-2); 吊挂钢筋 (16)将弧形钢筋 (17)吊挂， 室外的吊挂钢筋 (16)与室外水平钢筋 (7-1)及与弧形钢筋 (17)连接， 或吊挂钢筋 (16)与支承悬挑梁或板 (1-5)外端的预埋钢筋、 钢板或型钢焊接及与弧形钢筋 (17)连接；室内侧吊挂钢筋 (16)与建^；主体结构的承重构 件 (1)的梁； 板连接及与室内侧弧形钢筋 (Π)连接， 吊挂钢筋 (16)斜向安装或垂直安装; 室外侧弧形钢筋 (17)两端与室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)连接，室内侧弧形钢筋 (17)两端与室内垂 直钢筋 (6-1)连接； 弧形钢筋 (17)为并列的弧形双钢筋， 在并列的弧形钢筋 (17)之间， 设 置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢板或局部悍接块状型钢， 形成弧形门窗洞口； 或在 弧形钢筋 (17)与相邻的室外水平钢筋 (7-2)之间， 设置钢筋形成小桁架式构造或设置钢 板或烏部焊接块状型钢， 形成弧形门窗洞口； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口， 或所述洞口 为有热桥洞口； 形成一种弧形门窗洞口的、 两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
10、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 5或 7所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特 征在于， 它还包括钢板带 (70)， 钢板带 (70)与支承悬挑梁 (1-5)连接， 在钢板带 (70)上焊 接室外竖向钢筋 (7-1); 与室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)对应的室内侧有室内垂直钢筋 (6-1)， 室内 垂直钢筋 (6-1)与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)的上下梁、板锚固； 内外拉接线 (9)将钢板 带 (70)上焊接的室外竖向钢筋 (7-1)与室内垂直钢筋 (6-1)拉接， 所述内外拉接线 (9)可水 平拉接或斜向交叉拉接， 所述内外拉接线 (9)为不锈钢丝。
11、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 5、 7或 9所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 它还包括塑料胀钉 (40)和连接线 (14), 塑料胀钉 (40)由外套管 (40-1)和芯杆 (40-2)， 外套 管 (40-1)外端有圆盘帽 (40-1-1)，芯杆 (40-2)外端有杆头 (40-2-2);塑料胀钉 (40)将芯层 (3) 与建筑主体结构的承重构件 (1)固定， 或 /和塑料胀钉 (40)将芯层 (3)与砌筑墙体 (3-2)固 其特征在于，塑料胀钉 (40)的外套管 (40-1)或芯杆 (40-2)的外端用连接线 (14)与室外 钢筋 (7)或 /和室外网状抗拉材料 (5)连接； 或在塑料胀钉 (40)与网状抗拉材料 (5)之间安 放小支架 (1.9)， 塑料胀钉 (40)的外套管 (40-1)或芯杆 (40-2)的外端用连接线 (14)与小支架 (19)连接， 连接线 (14)与室外钢筋 (7)或 /和室外网状抗拉材料 (5)连接； 所述连接线 (14) 为金属线或塑料线或化纤线；所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口，或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口。
12、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 5、 7或 9所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其特征在于，它还包括防水层或防水防潮层 (15)，所述防水层或防水防潮层 (15)包括防 水层 (15-1)、 防水防潮层 (15-2) ， 二者择一选用； 所述防水层或防水防潮层 (15)有以下 四种安装方式择一选用： 1 )、 防水层或防水防潮层 (15)直接粘贴在洞口的芯层 (3)上， 或防水层或防水防潮层 (15)将洞口的芯层 (3)包裹； 2 )、 在前述安装方式的基础上， 还 将耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在防水层或防水防潮层 (15)的表面； 3 )、 耐碱网布 (5-1)粘贴在洞 口芯层 (3)的表面， 防水层或防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在耐碱网布 (5-1)的上面； 4)、 防水层 或防水防潮层 (15)粘贴在水泥砂桨或细石混凝土抹灰层的洞口保护层 (8-3)上； 所述防 水层或防水防潮层 (15)与室外保护层 (8)搭接粘贴或还与室内保护层 (8)搭接粘贴； 所述 防水防潮层 (15-2)^高分子防水卷材或塑料薄膜、 塑料复合模； 所述洞口为隔热断桥 洞口， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口； 形成一种洞口设有防水层或防水防潮层的两侧有 ^^灰的保温复合墙体。
' ' 13、 稂据权利要求 1、 2、 5、 或 7所述的一种两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体， 其 #征在于，' 在保护层 8上设置防水防潮层 (15-2)， 所述防水防潮层 (15-2)为塑料薄膜、 塑料复合模； 所述防水防潮层 (15-2)有以下安装方式： 1 )、 防水防潮层 (15-2)与室内保 护层 (8)粘结； 2)、 防水防潮层 (15-2)与室外保护层 (8)粘结； 3 )、 防水防潮层 (15-2)与室 内¾室外的保护层 (8)粘结'； 所述洞口为隔热断桥洞口， 或所述洞口为有热桥的洞口， 成一种墙体设有防水防潮层的两侧有网抹灰的保温复合墙体。
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US11054148B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-07-06 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Heated floor and ceiling panel with a corrugated layer for modular use in buildings
US11060286B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-07-13 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Prefabricated wall panel for utility installation
US10961710B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2021-03-30 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Pre-assembled wall panel for utility installation
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