WO2011063632A1 - 可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒及香烟 - Google Patents

可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒及香烟 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011063632A1
WO2011063632A1 PCT/CN2010/073096 CN2010073096W WO2011063632A1 WO 2011063632 A1 WO2011063632 A1 WO 2011063632A1 CN 2010073096 W CN2010073096 W CN 2010073096W WO 2011063632 A1 WO2011063632 A1 WO 2011063632A1
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Prior art keywords
acid
biodegradable
filter rod
polymer
tow
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PCT/CN2010/073096
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
季君晖
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北京中科高意引擎技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2011063632A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011063632A1/zh

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/067Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
    • A24D3/068Biodegradable or disintegrable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L35/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00Applications
    • C08L2203/12Applications used for fibers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cigarette filter rod which is processed by using a fiber material composed of a polybutylene succinate (PBS) polymer and a polylactic acid polymer as a base resin. It has excellent biodegradability.
  • PBS polybutylene succinate
  • the invention also relates to a cigarette provided with a filter prepared from the nozzle. Background technique
  • the cigarette filter has the function of filtering, blocking and adsorbing harmful components such as nicotine and tar in the flue gas.
  • the good filter material should also improve the taste of the flue gas and reduce the stimulation of the flue gas to the oral cavity. Human health damage.
  • the materials currently used in the manufacture of cigarette filters are generally made of cellulose acetate fibers and polypropylene fibers. From the viewpoint of processing properties and the comprehensive performance of the final production filter, cellulose acetate fibers are preferred. More cellulose acetate fiber filters are used in medium and high-grade cigarettes.
  • the remaining part of the filter after the cigarette is sucked is discarded, and the cellulose acetate fiber and the polypropylene fiber are difficult to be biodegraded in the natural environment.
  • the cigarette is on the basis of the crime of harmful human health, and it also causes Environmental pollution. Human beings cannot completely leave cigarettes. In addition to reducing the harm of cigarettes themselves to the human body, solving the environmental pollution problem caused by filter disposal has become a problem that the tobacco industry must face.
  • cellulose acetate fiber is a chemical product obtained from high-quality wood.
  • the cellulose acetate from wood to cellulose to esterification consumes a large amount of wood raw materials, and many pollution problems are accompanied by production.
  • the production process of the cigarette filter mainly includes the process of melt-spinning the raw material into a tobacco tow, and the process of plasticizing the shaped rod to be finally processed into a filter rod, the spinnability of the raw material, ⁇ , whether it is easy to be spun into a suitable smoke
  • the fine fibers used, as well as the drawability and adhesion of the fiber tow, will ultimately affect the overall performance of the filter rod and filter, including filtration performance, as well as mechanical properties such as appearance, hardness and air resistance.
  • Cellulose acetate fibers are selected as the main processing materials for cigarette filters due to their excellent properties. When looking for alternative materials, it is biodegradable and must meet the requirements of filter rod processing. It is the indispensable condition.
  • Lactic acid-based polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) or related copolymers, are fully biodegradable under natural conditions or under human conditions and are well known as degradable materials.
  • a technique for producing a cigarette filter tow fiber and a filter rod for tobacco using a lactic acid-based polymer resin is disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 200610131699.0 and No. 200710055310.3.
  • lactic acid-based polymers can be used in the processing of cigarette filters, and compared to commercially available cellulose acetate filter rods and polypropylene filter rods, the polylactic acid cigarette filter rods not only have It has the advantages of complete biodegradation and low production cost, and the filter rods produced have good results in terms of filtration performance and physical and mechanical properties, but the main resin used in the technical solution can be seen from the description of the specification. Is a mixture of polylactic acid in one size or multiple specifications, or a copolymer of lactide and caprolactone, lactide, or lactide with caprolactone and glycolide. These resins are all from lactones.
  • the prepared polymer is a random polymer.
  • This material is brittle and easily hydrolyzed.
  • the water content of the material is required to be less than 10,000 parts per million, and the heat resistance of the material is poor.
  • the temperature is very low (only 58 ° C). Since tobacco tows require a certain degree of flexibility and good deformation, and require high heat resistance, there is still a lot of unsatisfactory for the cigarette companies to promote the production of the above-mentioned previously disclosed lactic acid polymer cigarette mouthstock materials. And where to improve.
  • Polybutylene succinate is a fully biodegradable polymer that can be degraded to carbon dioxide and water under the action of bacteria or enzymes, so it is currently used in the plastics sector to ease The pollution caused by traditional plastics to the environment.
  • PBS plastic can be used to prepare film packaging materials, such as degradable plastic bags, sheet materials for disposable tableware, etc.
  • PBS plastics can also be used in agricultural film and some daily sundries.
  • a biodegradable composite and modified resin, a preparation method thereof and use of the composite modified resin are disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 200610026044.7.
  • the biodegradable composite and modified resin provided by this patent consists of 10-73.5% polybutylene succinate (PBS), 5-60% polylactic acid (PLA), 5-35% modified starch, 9-29.85 % Activated inorganic filler and 0.15-1.5% additive auxiliary composition, and extruded granulation by setting conditions, can be prepared into a special resin for blow molding.
  • PBS and PLA are compounded in a specific ratio, and have good heat resistance and rigidity under the action of certain processing aids, are suitable as blow molding special resins, and are biodegradable due to their biodegradability. Sex, can replace existing plastic products.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a biodegradable cigarette filter rod, which uses a polymer polymer of polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid as a base resin, and provides a cigarette filter rod with
  • the universal cigarette filter rod has the same performance, and the discarded filter can be decomposed by microorganisms in the environment, which is beneficial to the environment.
  • the invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above biodegradable cigarette filter rod, and for the properties of the polybutyl succinate and the polylactic acid composite product, explores and proposes the determination of the conditions and parameters of the manufacturing process, and ensures that the The manufactured cigarette filter rod products can meet the performance standards of the current common cigarette filter rods.
  • the present invention also provides a cigarette provided with a filter prepared by the above cigarette filter rod, which can be decomposed by microorganisms in the environment after being discarded, which is advantageous for reducing environmental pollution caused by cigarettes.
  • the invention firstly provides a biodegradable cigarette filter rod which is processed by using biodegradable tobacco fiber, the biodegradable tobacco fiber, and a raw material component thereof.
  • a biodegradable cigarette filter rod which is processed by using biodegradable tobacco fiber, the biodegradable tobacco fiber, and a raw material component thereof.
  • two kinds of biodegradable polymer materials are organically compounded as a basic raw material, and the processing technology is appropriately adjusted and changed to obtain a biodegradable tobacco fiber material (tow).
  • a cigarette filter rod for producing a cigarette filter thereby replacing the existing cellulose acetate or acrylic fiber for a cigarette filter rod, and the filter provided with the filter has a comprehensive performance to the level of the cellulose acetate filter, the filter It can be degraded as soon as possible after being discarded. It is used in the cigarette industry and will have more significant social benefits for protecting the environment.
  • the raw material composition for the tobacco fiber has a polybutylene succinate polymer and a polylactic acid polymer content of 5 to 95% by weight, respectively.
  • the tobacco fiber raw material of the present invention can be completely homopolymerized polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid, and a polymer can also be used.
  • Polymer materials suitable for other monomeric copolymeric links are present in the molecular chain to facilitate improved processing properties of the raw materials and related indicators of the filter product.
  • the composite material of the present invention for producing a tobacco fiber tow can satisfy one or all of the following definitions:
  • the polytetramethylene glycol succinate polymer is a high molecular weight polymer having a butylene succinate chain in the molecular chain of not less than 70% of the total chain number of the polymer, and the weight average thereof
  • the molecular weight is 50,000-35 thousand, and the dispersion index is 1.2-3.0;
  • the polylactic acid polymer is a high molecular polymer having not less than 70% of the total number of chain links of the lactic acid chain in the molecular chain, and has a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to 300,000 and a dispersion index of 1.2 to 3.0.
  • the polybutylene succinate polymer has a molecular weight chain of not less than 70% of the total number of links in the molecular chain of the butyl succinate polymer, and the remainder is non-succinic acid.
  • the dibasic acid is selected from the group consisting of C2-C12 aliphatic two. a monobasic acid, an aromatic dibasic acid or a mixture thereof; the dihydric alcohol is selected from the group consisting of C2-C12 aliphatic diols or mixtures thereof.
  • the dibasic acid includes oxalic acid, 1,2-malonic acid, 1, 3-malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, ⁇ one a carbonic acid, a dodecanedicarboxylic acid, a fumaric acid, a maleic acid, a phthalic acid, a naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, or the like or a mixture thereof;
  • the glycol includes ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, pentanediol, and hexane Alcohol, decanediol, etc. or a mixture thereof.
  • the dibasic acid may be selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, etc. or a mixture of one or more thereof.
  • the glycol may be selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or hexanediol, etc. or a mixture of one or more thereof.
  • the amount of the lactic acid chain in the molecular chain of the polylactic acid polymer is not less than 70% of the total number of links of the polymer, and the rest is a monomeric polymerized link which can be copolymerized with lactic acid.
  • the comonomer may include glycolide, ⁇ -caprolactone, ethylene glycol. , propylene glycol, glycolic acid, or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or the like, or any mixture thereof.
  • the above two kinds of high molecular polymer raw materials for producing tobacco fiber tow can be produced by a known method or commercially available.
  • Chinese Patent No. 01144133.X discloses a method for preparing polybutylene succinate (PBS) by using succinic acid and butanediol as monomer raw materials, and often pressure esterification (condensation) and then vacuum polymerization.
  • a method for preparing a high molecular weight PBS is also disclosed in the Chinese Patent Application No. 200710049370.4.
  • the polybutylene succinate polymer prepared according to the methods of the prior art can satisfy the requirements of the raw materials of the present invention. The disclosure is incorporated into the present invention.
  • the PBS polymer of the dibasic acid diol polymerized chain link can also be prepared very conveniently by a chemical process such as a polymerization reaction or a chain extension reaction.
  • a predetermined ratio of the selected dibasic acid and/or diol is added to the condensation reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, and the polymerization product can be subjected to polymerization to obtain a desired ratio.
  • Polymer chain links are examples of polymer chain links.
  • polylactic acid or a polylactic acid polymer containing selected monomeric copolymeric links may also be prepared according to known methods or commercially available, the former being a commonly known and used polymeric material for many years, a
  • the polymer product can be conveniently synthesized or synthesized according to a mature method, and the polylactic acid polymer containing the selected monomer copolymer chain can be obtained by polymerizing a monomer raw material mixed in a certain ratio according to many published methods, thereby It is easy to prepare a copolymerized product having a desired chain ratio, and it can also be conveniently prepared by a chemical process such as a polymerization reaction or a chain extension reaction under the basic theory of the publication and related polymerization.
  • lactic acid and the selected polymerizable monomer are copolymerized in a desired ratio.
  • a suitable stabilizer which refers to a substance capable of improving the stability of PBS and polylactic acid and copolymer during processing, storage and use, including but not limited to Heat stabilizers, light stabilizers and acid inhibitors, for example, may include phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, pyrophosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, diphenyl phosphate, Triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, ammonium phosphite, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, antioxidant 1010 (tetrakis[m
  • the stabilizer comprises Trimethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphite, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, H-MOD, epoxy linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, 1,2-epoxy-3 - phenoxypropionamidine, magnesium hydroxide, amino resin, etc. or any mixture thereof.
  • the method for manufacturing a biodegradable cigarette filter rod includes:
  • a biodegradable tobacco fiber material is produced as a tobacco tow and a cigarette filter rod is further produced; the method for producing a biodegradable tobacco fiber material comprises the following steps:
  • the dried raw materials are uniformly mixed, and blended and extruded into a granulation by a screw extruder.
  • the temperature of the extruder barrel is 140-230 ° C, and the extruded material is pelletized and dried to obtain
  • the cigarette holder is made of special materials;
  • the manufactured cigarette holder rod was melt-spun with a special material to prepare a biodegradable tobacco fiber tow.
  • the extruder selected for extrusion granulation is provided with a melt filtration unit and filters particles having a particle size greater than 100 mesh.
  • a twin-screw extruder can generally be used to set a suitable barrel temperature in the above temperature range according to the melting characteristics of the material, and the extruder is preferably equipped with a melt filter device for extrusion.
  • the filter used generally has a pore size of less than 100 mesh.
  • Granulation is achieved to provide a special material for making cigarette filter rods. The special material is melt-spun, crimped, and dried, and the obtained tow is the biodegradable tobacco fiber material.
  • the specific process may be: when the tobacco fiber special material is melt-spun, set the screw temperature of the spinning machine to 170 ° C - 250 ° C, so that the extruded material flows through the filter, the tank, the metering pump and the straight pipe.
  • the process controls the filter temperature from 170 ° C to 250 ° C, the cabinet temperature is 170 ° C -250 ° C, the straight pipe temperature is 170 ° C -250 ° C, and then the sprayed
  • the wire is cooled by dry air and the cooling temperature is 0°C-50°C ; the cooled tow is coated with oil agent, slow traction machine winding, steam box traction, fast traction machine winding and belt conveyor winding traction, the oil concentration is 0.8%- 1% aqueous solution of fiber surface treatment agent (for example: polyethylene glycol, ethanolamine methyl ester, nonylphenol surfactant, etc.), roller winding speed of slow tractor 200-1500m/min, roller of fast tractor Speed 400-2500r/min, frequency 25-50HZ, belt conveyor feed wheel speed 200-1500 r/min, frequency 30-60HZ; tow from the belt conveyor at a water temperature of 40 ° C-85
  • the water bath in the trough of °C is
  • the present invention further provides a method of making a biodegradable cigarette filter rod using the above PBS+PLA alloy material for tobacco fibers, the method comprising:
  • the weight of the tow is 0.5 ⁇ 15% of the adhesive plasticizer to uniformly coat the tow;
  • the glued tow is rolled into a strip shape in a cigarette stick shaper, wrapped and wrapped with a filter stick paper to form a dough stick strip, and the fibers in the tow are hung together and are torn by hand. It can be clearly seen that the fibers of the tow have formed a connected three-dimensional network nozzle strip;
  • the above-mentioned adhesive plasticizer refers to a substance which can crosslink, bond, swell or fluff the fibers in the polybutylene succinate mouth stick, including but not limited to including dioctyl phthalate and p-phenylene phthalate.
  • the adhesive plasticizer comprises trimellitic acid triglyceride, triacetin, diethylene glycol diacetate, propylene carbonate, dibutyl carbonate, carboxymethyl starch gum, polyethylene glycol Glue, collagen glue, etc. or any mixture thereof.
  • the binder plasticizer used is dissolved in a suitable solvent which is selected from the group which is effective for dissolving the binder plasticizer, preferably with ethanol or an aqueous ethanol solution.
  • the invention utilizes an alloy material composed of a polybutylene succinate polymer and a polylactic acid polymer to provide a filter rod for tobacco which has good biodegradability and can be placed under the normal storage and transportation conditions after being connected to the smoke. It is guaranteed that the performance in terms of mechanics, appearance and taste will not change in 3 years, which is completely in line with the requirements of cigarettes. In the three months after the cigarettes are used, the filter can be discarded into garbage and other microbial-rich environments. The degradation rate can exceed 70% within six months. Completely degradable. Moreover, the filter provided by the present invention completely meets the requirements of the mouthpiece for the safety performance, the resistance, the weight, the hardness, the circumference and the like.
  • the filter cigarette prepared by the filter rod of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the alloy nozzle rod) has better adsorption performance to harmful substances in the cigarette smoking process than the polypropylene fiber nozzle and cellulose acetate currently used. Fiber nozzle (see the table below for test results).
  • the "vinegar mouth stick” in the table is the market brand cigarette mouth stick; the “metal mouth stick” smoke index is derived from the statistical results of the filter rod product prepared in the embodiment of the invention.
  • the detection method of the above indicators is carried out in accordance with the GB5606-2004 "cigarette" standard.
  • the alloy nozzle of the present invention has significant advantages over the existing nozzles:
  • the raw materials come from a wide range of sources, both traditional fossil-based resources and biomass can be obtained through biotechnology. This avoids the problem of the dependence of cellulose acetate on the resources of wood pulp, and can be truly derived from nature (biomass). Return to natural (degradation) green production.
  • the filter rod for tobacco manufactured by using the alloy raw material of PBS+PLA can reach the industry standard of the cigarette mouth stick in quality and properties, and is processed into a cigarette, and the discarded filter can realize complete biological use after use.
  • the biodegradable filter rod provided by the present invention utilizes PBS, PLA or copolyester raw material containing PBS and PLA. It can be synthesized by chemical methods, and the raw materials are abundant. It is no longer necessary to import high-quality wood, which is more conducive to industrial production. Therefore, the implementation of the present invention can completely replace the currently used cellulose acetate nozzle and polypropylene fiber nozzle, and has very broad economic and social benefits. Specific implementation
  • the stirred mixture was blended and extruded into a ⁇ 57 twin-screw extruder with an aspect ratio of 32.
  • the temperature of the barrel was set to 190 ° C for the first stage and 200 ° C for the second stage.
  • the segment is 200 ° C
  • the fourth section is 200 ° C
  • the fifth section is 195 ° C
  • the filter on the head melt filter is 100 mesh.
  • the extruded strands are pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged to obtain a special material for the cigarette holder of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28, and the screw temperature setting of the spinning machine is: 190 ° C in the first stage and 205 ° C in the second stage.
  • the three sections are 210 ° C, the filter temperature is 205 ° C, the cabinet temperature is 205 ° C, the straight tube temperature is 205 ° C, and the temperature range is (15 ⁇ 5) ° C after being sprayed from the spinneret with a size of 1050 ⁇ 3.
  • the dry air side is blown to cool.
  • the cooled tow is coated with an oil agent in the oil sump, and the oil agent in the oil sump is an aqueous solution of the fiber surface treatment agent of the following composition: polyethylene glycol 1700, concentration 0.2%, triethanolamine dimethyl sulfate, concentration 0.15 , nonylphenol polyepoxide, at a concentration of 0.1%.
  • the tow is wound by a slow tractor, and the winding speed of the roller is 800m/mm .
  • the fast traction roller rotates at 1500r/min, the frequency is 38HZ, and then is transported through the belt.
  • Machine conveyor, belt conveyor feed wheel speed 800r / min, frequency is 40HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor was drawn by a multi-roll drafter, and the drafting medium was water at a water temperature of 65 °C. After drawing, the tow was crimped in a crimper, the number of crimps was 24 / 25 mm, and the crimped tow was dried by a steam dryer. After drying, the tow is placed in a silk container by a pendulum machine, and the tow of the biodegradable tobacco of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the tow is pulled out from the bin, passed through the roller conveyor, and sent to the Y11 tow opener for opening the tow. After the opening, the tow enters the casing, and the weight of the tow is 6% by the silicone disc and the nozzle.
  • the solvent for bonding the plasticizer is water: ethanol mixed solvent of 50:50, adhesive plasticizer composition: triglyceride acetate, 20% concentration, polyacrylate glue, concentration 4%.
  • the glued tow is rolled into a round bar shape in the Y21 type mouthpiece shaper, wrapped with a filter rod, and shaped to form a nozzle bar, which is used to cut out the nozzle from the former.
  • the strip is cut into a predetermined length, and the biodegradable tobacco nozzle of the present invention is obtained by loading the package through a tray loading machine using a packaging processing device.
  • the above-mentioned mouth stick has good biodegradability and completely meets the requirements of degradation standard according to the requirements of ISO 14855, and the degradation rate reaches 91% in 90 days.
  • Material biosafety meets the requirements for cigarette sticks. Round Week 24.1mm, non-roundness 0.1mm, suction resistance 3255Pa, hardness 90%, physical properties meet the requirements of the mouth stick. After cigarette test, the smoke index is: nicotine 1.03mg / support, wet tar 15.6mg / support, C015.2mg / support, tar 12.4mg / support.
  • both resin materials were added to a high-speed mixer, and 1 kg of a long-chain phosphorus-containing sulfur compound H-MOD and 1 kg of triphenyl phosphite were added to the mixer, and the mixture was stirred at a high speed.
  • the above mixture was blended and extruded into granules on a ⁇ 65 twin-screw extruder with a length to diameter ratio of 28.
  • the first stage of the barrel temperature setting was 195 ° C
  • the second stage was 205 ° C
  • the third stage was 215.
  • the fourth section is 210 °C
  • the fifth section is 205 °C
  • the filter on the head melt filter is 120 mesh.
  • the extruded strands are pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged to obtain a special material for the cigarette holder of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28 (for the spinning process, refer to the method of Embodiment 1 or the like), and after drying, the tow is passed through the wire drawing machine.
  • the container is placed in a container and packaged to obtain the biodegradable tobacco tow of the present invention.
  • the tow is pulled out from the bin, passed through the roller conveyor, and sent to the Y11 tow opener for opening the tow. After the opening, the tow enters the casing, and the weight of the tow is sprayed by the silicone disc and the nozzle by 2%.
  • the solvent for bonding the plasticizer is water: ethanol mixed solvent of 50:50, adhesive plasticizer composition: diethylene glycol diacetate, concentration 30%, polyethylene glycol glue, concentration 4% .
  • the glued tow is rolled into a round bar shape in the Y21 type mouthpiece shaper, wrapped with a filter rod, and shaped to form a nozzle bar, which is used to cut out the nozzle from the former.
  • the strip is cut into a specified length, and the packaging processing device is used to load the package through the loading machine.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in this embodiment is synthesized according to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and terephthalic acid is added to the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, wherein terephthalic acid accounts for binary in the system.
  • the molar ratio of the total amount of the acid was 18%, and then polymerization was carried out to obtain a desired copolymerized polybutylene succinate copolymer.
  • the copolymerized polylactic acid used in the present embodiment can be obtained by a copolymerization reaction in which a lactic acid and an ethylene glycol monomethyl ether monomer are mixed in a molar ratio of 99:1 by referring to a polymerization reaction method disclosed in the invention patent application CN200610016643.0.
  • the above-mentioned nozzle has good biodegradability and fully meets the degradation standard according to ISO 14855, and the degradation rate reaches 89% in 90 days.
  • Material biosafety meets the requirements for cigarette sticks.
  • the circumference is 24.1mm
  • the roundness is 0.2mm
  • the suction resistance is 3232Pa
  • the hardness is 91%
  • the physical properties meet the requirements of the mouth stick.
  • the smoke index is: nicotine 1.03mg / support, wet tar 15.6mg / support, C015.2mg / support, tar 12.5mg / support.
  • the two resin materials after drying were added to a high-speed mixer and stirred uniformly, and blended and extruded into a ⁇ 65 twin-screw extruder with a length to diameter ratio of 28, and the first stage of the barrel temperature setting was 215 ° C.
  • the second section is 220 °C
  • the third section is 230 °C
  • the fourth section is 220 °C
  • the fifth section is 215 °C
  • the filter on the head melt filter is 100 mesh.
  • the extruded strands are pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged to obtain a special material for the cigarette holder of the present invention.
  • the above special material is spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28 (for the spinning process, refer to the method of Embodiment 1 or the like), and after drying, the tow is passed through the wire drawing machine.
  • the device is placed in a package, and the biodegradable tobacco tow of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the tow is pulled out from the bin, passed through the roller conveyor, and sent to the Y11 tow opener for opening the tow. After the opening, the tow enters the casing, and the weight of the tow is sprayed by 0.5% with the silicone disc and the nozzle.
  • the solvent used for the adhesive plasticizer is water: a mixed solvent of 50:50 by mass of ethanol, and an adhesive plasticizer composition: carboxymethyl starch gum at a concentration of 5%.
  • the glued tow is rolled into a round bar shape in a Y21 type mouthpiece, and wrapped with a filter bar to form a nozzle bar, and the cutter is used to remove the nozzle from the former.
  • the strip is cut into a predetermined length, and the biodegradable tobacco nozzle of the present invention is obtained by loading the package through a packaging machine through a packaging machine.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in this embodiment can be synthesized by referring to the method described in Chinese Patent No. CN 01144133.X, and hexanediol is added to the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, wherein hexanediol accounts for the system.
  • the molar ratio of the total amount of the diol was 30%, and then polymerization was carried out to obtain a desired copolymer.
  • the copolymerized polylactic acid used in the present embodiment can be obtained by a copolymerization reaction in which a lactic acid and an ⁇ -caprolactone monomer are mixed at a molar ratio of 70:30 in accordance with a polymerization method disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 200610016643.0.
  • the above-mentioned nozzle has good biodegradability and completely meets the degradation standard according to the requirements of ISO 14855, and the degradation rate reaches 91% in 90 days.
  • Material biosafety meets the requirements for cigarette sticks.
  • the circumference is 24.1mm
  • the roundness is 0.1mm
  • the suction resistance is 3334Pa
  • the hardness is 89%
  • the physical properties meet the requirements of the mouth stick.
  • the smoke index is: nicotine 1.04mg / support, wet tar 15.4mg / support, C015.5mg / support, tar 12.4mg / support.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 60 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28 (for the spinning process, refer to the method of Embodiment 1 or the like), and after drying, the tow is passed through the wire drawing machine.
  • the container is placed in a container and packaged to obtain the biodegradable tobacco tow of the present invention.
  • the tow is pulled out from the bin, passed through the roller conveyor, and sent to the Y11 tow opener for opening the tow. After the opening, the tow enters the casing, and the weight of the tow is sprayed by the silicone disc and the nozzle by 15%.
  • the solvent used for the adhesive plasticizer is water: a mixed solvent of ethanol having a mass ratio of 50:50, and a binder plasticizer composition: glycerol lactate, 20% strength, collagen gel, and a concentration of 4%.
  • the glued tow is rolled into a round bar shape in the Y21 type mouthpiece shaper, wrapped with a filter rod, and shaped to form a nozzle bar, which is used to cut out the nozzle from the former.
  • the strip is cut into a predetermined length, and the biodegradable tobacco nozzle of the present invention is obtained by loading the package through a packaging machine through a packaging machine.
  • the copolymerized PBS resin used in this embodiment can be synthesized according to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and adipic acid and ethylene glycol are respectively added in the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, wherein adipic acid accounts for the system.
  • the molar ratio of the total amount of the dibasic acid is 10%
  • the molar ratio of ethylene glycol to the total amount of the diol in the system is 10%, and then polymerization is carried out to obtain a desired copolymer.
  • the copolymerized polylactic acid resin used in the present embodiment can be referred to the polymerization method disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application CN 200610016643.0, and the lactic acid, the glycolide and the ethylene glycol monomer are pressed.
  • the copolymerization reaction was carried out by mixing 80:10:10 molar ratio.
  • the above-mentioned nozzle has good biodegradability and fully meets the degradation standard according to ISO 14855, and the degradation rate reaches 97% in 90 days.
  • Material biosafety meets the requirements for cigarette sticks.
  • the circumference is 24.1mm
  • the roundness is 0.2mm
  • the suction resistance is 3334Pa
  • the hardness is 90%
  • the physical properties meet the requirements of the mouth stick.
  • the smoke index is: nicotine 1.05mg / support, wet tar 15.6mg / support, C015.5mg / support, tar 12.5mg / support.
  • the above two dried resins were added to a high-speed mixer, and 0.1 kg of an antioxidant 1010, 0.2 kg of an antioxidant 1076, and 0.2 kg of 1,2-epoxy-3 were added to the mixer.
  • - Phenoxypropanone stir well in a high speed mixer.
  • the mixture was blended and extruded into a ⁇ 35 twin-screw extruder with a length to diameter ratio of 28, and the barrel temperature setting method was: 180 ° C for the first segment and 190 ° C for the second segment, the third segment It is 200 ° C, the fourth section is 205 ° C, the fifth section is 195 ° C, and the filter on the head melt filter is 130 mesh.
  • the extruding strand is pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged, and the obtained niobium rod of the present invention is used as a special material.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 60 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28 (for the spinning process, refer to the method of Embodiment 1 or the like), and after drying, the tow is passed through the wire drawing machine.
  • the container is placed in a container and packaged to obtain the biodegradable tobacco tow of the present invention.
  • the tow is pulled out from the bin, passed through the roller conveyor, and sent to the Y11 tow opener for opening the tow. After the opening, the tow enters the casing, and the weight of the tow is 5% by the silicone disc and the nozzle. Adhesive plasticizer and evenly dipped the tow.
  • the solvent used for the adhesive plasticizer is water: a mixed solvent of 50:50 by mass of ethanol, adhesive plasticizer composition: diethylene glycol diacetate, concentration 30%, carboxymethyl Starch gum, concentration 2%.
  • the glued tow is rolled into a round bar shape in the Y21 type mouthpiece shaper, wrapped with a filter rod, and shaped to form a nozzle bar, which is used to cut out the nozzle from the former.
  • the nozzle bar of the predetermined length is cut into a strip, and the biodegradable tobacco mouth stick of the present invention is obtained by loading the package through a packaging machine.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in the present embodiment is synthesized according to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and 1,3-propanediol is added to the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, wherein 1,3-propanediol accounts for the system.
  • the molar ratio of the total amount of the diol was 15%, and then polymerization was carried out to obtain a desired copolymer.
  • the non-lactone monomer copolymer-modified polylactic acid base resin used in the embodiment can be mixed with the glycolide monomer in a molar ratio of 85:15 according to the polymerization method disclosed in the invention patent application CN 200610016643.0. It is obtained by copolymerization.
  • the above-mentioned nozzle has good biodegradability and completely meets the degradation standard according to ISO 14855, and the degradation rate reaches 93% in 90 days.
  • Material biosafety meets the requirements for cigarette sticks.
  • the circumference is 24.1mm
  • the roundness is 0.2mm
  • the suction resistance is 3435Pa
  • the hardness is 89%
  • the physical properties meet the requirements of the mouth stick.
  • the smoke index is: nicotine 1.05mg / support, wet tar 15.4mg / support, CO 15.5mg / support, tar 12.4mg / support.
  • the two resins are dried and added to a high-speed mixer, and 0.2 kg of triethyl phosphite is added to a high-speed mixer, and the antioxidant 1425 (bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphate monoethyl) Ester) Calcium) 0.2 kg, titanium oxide 0.1 kg.
  • the raw materials were stirred uniformly in a high speed mixer.
  • the obtained mixture material has an aspect ratio Blending and extruding granulation for 38 ⁇ 60 twin-screw extruder.
  • the temperature setting of the barrel is 180 °C for the first stage, 190 °C for the second stage and 200 °C for the third stage.
  • the segment is 210 ° C and the fifth segment is 200 ° C.
  • the extruded strands are pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged to obtain a special material for the cigarette holder of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28 (for the spinning process, refer to the method of Embodiment 1 or the like), and after drying, the tow is passed through the wire drawing machine.
  • the container is placed in a container and packaged to obtain the biodegradable tobacco tow of the present invention.
  • the tow is pulled out from the bin, passed through the roller conveyor, and sent to the Y11 tow opener for opening the tow. After the opening, the tow enters the casing, and the weight of the tow is sprayed by the silicone disc and the nozzle by 10%.
  • the solvent used for the adhesive plasticizer is ethanol, and the composition of the adhesive plasticizer: triglyceride trimellitate, 20% concentration, polyacrylate glue, concentration 6%.
  • the glued tow is rolled into a round bar shape in the Y21 type mouthpiece shaper, wrapped with a filter rod, and shaped to form a nozzle bar, which is used to cut out the nozzle from the former.
  • the strip is cut into a predetermined length, and the biodegradable tobacco mouth stick of the present invention is obtained by using a packaging processing device and loading the package through a tray loading machine.
  • the copolymerized PBS resin used in this embodiment is synthesized according to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and terephthalic acid is added in the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, wherein terephthalic acid accounts for the total amount of dibasic acid in the system.
  • the molar ratio is 10%, and then polymerization is carried out to obtain the desired copolymer.
  • the above-mentioned nozzle has good biodegradability and fully meets the degradation standard according to ISO 14855, and the degradation rate reaches 96% in 90 days.
  • Material biosafety meets the requirements for cigarette sticks.
  • the circumference is 24.1mm
  • the roundness is 0.1mm
  • the suction resistance is 3445Pa
  • the hardness is 96%
  • the physical properties meet the requirements of the nozzle.
  • the smoke index is: nicotine 1.06mg / support, wet tar 15.8mg / support, C015.7mg / support, tar 12.7mg / support.

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Description

可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒及香烟
技术领域
本发明涉及一种香烟过滤嘴棒, 该香烟过滤嘴棒是采用以聚丁二酸丁 二醇酯(PBS)聚合物与聚乳酸聚合物组成的合金材料为基材树脂为原料的 烟用纤维加工而成, 因此具有优良的生物降解性。 本发明还涉及设置有该 嘴棒制备的过滤嘴的香烟。 背景技术
香烟过滤嘴具有过滤、 阻挡和吸附烟气中烟碱、 焦油等有害成分的作 用, 好的过滤嘴材料除具有上述作用外, 还应该能改善烟气的口感, 减少 烟气对口腔的剌激及对人体健康的伤害。 作为一个比较成熟的技术, 目前 用于制造香烟过滤嘴的材料一般是以醋酸纤维素纤维和聚丙烯纤维为原 料, 从加工性能和最终生产过滤嘴的综合使用性能考虑, 以醋酸纤维素纤 维为首选, 在中高档卷烟中多使用醋酸纤维素纤维滤嘴。
香烟吸完后剩下的过滤嘴部分是要丢弃的, 而醋酸纤维素纤维和聚丙 烯纤维在自然环境中很难被生物降解, 香烟在背负有害人体健康的罪名的 基础上, 同时还造成了对环境的污染。 人类不能完全离开香烟, 除了减少 香烟本身对人体的危害以外, 解决滤嘴丢弃带来的环境污染问题就成为香 烟行业必须面对的课题。
另一方面, 醋酸纤维素纤维是以优质木材为原料得到的化工产品, 从 木材到纤维素再到酯化的醋酸纤维素需要消耗大量的木材原料, 而生产环 节中也伴随着很多污染问题。
所以, 无论是从木材资源匮乏, 还是从改善环境污染角度出发, 寻找 替代现有的醋酸纤维素和聚丙烯纤维原料的可生物降解材料, 制造出可降 解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 至少在环境保护方面降低香烟生产所带来的危害, 是 香烟生产行业急需解决的问题。
香烟过滤嘴的生产工艺主要包括对原料实施熔融纺丝制成烟用丝束, 以及增塑定型制棒最终加工成过滤嘴棒的工艺过程, 原料的可纺性能, §卩, 是否容易纺成适合烟用的细旦纤维, 以及纤维丝束的牵伸性能和粘合效果, 最终都将影响滤棒和滤嘴的综合性能, 包括滤过性能, 以及外观、 硬度和 空阻等机械性能。 醋酸纤维素纤维就是由于这些性质的优异, 才被选择成 为香烟过滤嘴的主要加工原料。 在寻找其替代材料时, 既具有生物降解性, 还必须满足过滤嘴棒加工要求, 是缺一不可的二个条件。
乳酸类聚合物, 例如聚乳酸(PLA)或相关共聚物在自然条件下或人体 条件下可完全生物降解, 早已是公知的可降解材料。 中国专利申请 200610131699.0和 200710055310.3中公开了一种利用乳酸类聚合物树脂制 造香烟过滤嘴丝束纤维以及烟用滤棒的技术。 虽然该在先公开的专利申请 教导了乳酸类聚合物可以用于香烟过滤嘴的加工, 且与已经商业化的醋酸 纤维素滤棒和聚丙烯滤棒相比, 所述聚乳酸香烟滤棒不仅具有可完全生物 降解和生产成本低廉的优势, 而且制成的滤棒在滤过性能和物理机械性能 方面都显示良好的结果, 但是从其说明书记载内容可以看到, 该技术方案 中采用的主体树脂是聚乳酸的一个规格或多个规格的混合物, 或是丙交酯 与己内酯、 丙交酯, 或丙交酯与己内酯和乙交酯的共聚物, 这些树脂都是 由内酯聚合而成, 制备的聚合物是无规聚合物, 这种材料脆性大, 易水解, 加工时要求材料的含水量低于万分之零点五, 而且这种材料耐热性能差, 热变型温度很低(只有 58°C )。由于烟用丝束需要一定的柔性和较好的形变, 以及要求具有较高的耐热性, 对于香烟企业, 推广生产上述在先公开的乳 酸类聚合物香烟嘴棒原料仍有很多不尽人意和有待改进的地方。
聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)是一种可完全生物降解的聚合物, 它可以在 细菌或酶的作用下最终降解为二氧化碳和水等物质, 所以目前开始在塑料 领域使用, 以缓解传统塑料对环境造成的污染。 根据目前的研究和报道, PBS 塑料可制备膜类包装材料, 例如可降解塑料袋、 一次性餐具的片材原 料等; PBS塑料还可以在农用地膜方面以及一些日用杂品方面应用。
中国专利 CN 200610026044.7中公开了一种可生物降解的复合及改性 树脂及其制备方法以及该复合改性树脂的用途。 该专利提供的可生物降解 的复合及改性树脂由 10-73.5%聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS )、 5-60%聚乳酸 (PLA)、 5-35%变性淀粉、 9-29.85%活化无机填料和 0.15-1.5%添加助剂组 成, 经设定条件的螺杆挤出造粒, 可制备成吹塑专用树脂。 根据该专利提 供的方案, 将 PBS和 PLA按照特定的比例复合, 并在确定的加工助剂作用 下, 具有很好的耐热性和刚性, 适合作为吹塑专用树脂, 并且由于其生物 可降解性, 可以取代现有塑料产品。
由于香烟过滤嘴棒的特殊要求,在本发明申请日以前,有关 PBS或 PBS 与 PLA复合材料在香烟过滤嘴加工中的应用还没有记载。 发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题在于提供一种可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴 棒, 采用聚丁二酸丁二醇酯和聚乳酸复合的高分子聚合物作为基材树脂, 所提供的香烟过滤嘴棒具有与目前通用的香烟过滤嘴棒性能相当, 而丢弃 的过滤嘴可被环境中微生物分解, 利于对环境的保护。
本发明还提供了制造上述可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒的方法, 针对聚 丁二酸丁二醇酯与聚乳酸复合产物的性质, 摸索和提出了对制造工艺的条 件和参数的确定, 确保所制造的香烟过滤嘴棒产品能达到目前通用的香烟 过滤嘴棒的性能标准。
本发明还提供了设置了上述香烟过滤嘴棒制备的过滤嘴的香烟, 过滤 嘴丢弃后可被环境中微生物分解, 有利于降低香烟造成的环境污染。
本发明首先提供了一种可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 是利用可生物降 解的烟用纤维经加工而成, 所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其原料的组分 为 l-99wt%的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物、l-99wt%的聚乳酸聚合物和 0-3wt% 的稳定剂, 且所述组分为经过挤出机挤出共混的产物。
根据本发明的方案, 将二种均具有生物降解性的聚合物材料有机地复 合后作为基本原料, 对加工工艺进行适当调整和改变, 得到一种可生物降 解的烟用纤维材料 (丝束) 以及香烟用滤嘴棒, 可供生产香烟过滤嘴, 进 而取代现有的醋酸纤维素或丙烯酸纤维用于香烟过滤嘴棒, 设置这种过滤 嘴的香烟在综合性能达到醋酸纤维素过滤嘴的水平同时, 该过滤嘴在丢弃 后能尽快被降解, 应用在香烟行业, 对于保护环境将产生更显著的社会效 益。 申请人的研究结果显示, 在聚乳酸材料中加入适量的聚丁二酸丁二醇 酯 (PBS) , 可以有效地提高聚乳酸的韧性和耐水性。 在 PBS材料中加入适 量的 PLA材料,也利于后期过滤嘴棒的加工制作。根据本发明的优选方案, 用于烟用纤维的原料组成中, 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物和聚乳酸聚合物含 量分别为 5-95wt%。
结合烟用纤维丝束和过滤嘴的特定技术要求, 发明人的研究结果显示, 本发明的烟用纤维原料可以采用完全均聚的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯和聚乳酸, 也可以使用聚合物分子链中存在适当其它单体共聚链节的聚合物材料, 以 利于提高原料的加工性能和过滤嘴产品的相关指标。 具体地, 本发明用于 制造烟用纤维丝束的复合材料可以满足以下定义之一或全部:
所述聚丁二醇丁二酸酯聚合物为分子链中丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的量不 少于该聚合物总链节数的 70%的高分子聚合物,且其重均分子量为 5-35万, 分散指数 1.2-3.0;
所述聚乳酸聚合物为分子链中乳酸链节的不少于该聚合物总链节数的 70%的高分子聚合物, 且其重均分子量为 5-30万, 分散指数 1.2-3.0。
根据本发明的方案, 所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物的分子链中丁二酸 丁二醇酯链节的量不少于总链节数的 70%, 其余为非丁二酸丁二醇酯链节 的二元酸二元醇聚合链节。 根据本发明的优选方案, 当所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物分子链含有 除丁二酸丁二醇酯以外的聚合链节时, 二元酸选自 C2-C12 的脂肪族二元 酸、 芳香族二元酸或它们的混合物; 二元醇选自 C2-C12的脂肪族二元醇或 它们的混合物。
作为非限制性示例, 所述二元酸包括乙二酸、 1,2—丙二酸、 1,3—丙二 酸、 戊二酸、 己二酸、 壬二酸、 癸二酸、 ^一碳二元酸、 十二碳二元酸、 富马酸、 马来酸、 苯二甲酸、 萘二甲酸等或其混合物; 所述二元醇包括乙 二醇、 丙二醇、 戊二醇、 己二醇、 癸二醇等或其混合物。 由于这些二元酸 和 /或二元醇单体的引入, 在上述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物分子链中包含了 除丁二酸丁二醇酯外的二元酸二元醇聚合链节, 可以理解, 这些聚合链节 是来自体系中二元酸与二元醇形成的聚合酯链节。
更优选地, 所述形成聚合链节的单体中, 二元酸可选自乙二酸、 丙二 酸、 己二酸、 富马酸、 苯二甲酸等或它们中一种以上的混合物, 二元醇可 选自乙二醇、 丙二醇或己二醇等或它们中一种以上的混合物。
根据本发明的方案, 所述聚乳酸聚合物的分子链中乳酸链节的量不少 于该聚合物总链节数的 70%, 其余为能与乳酸进行共聚的单体聚合链节。
根据本发明的优选方案, 当所述聚乳酸聚合物的分子链上含有除乳酸 链节以外的共聚链节时, 所述共聚单体可包括乙交酯、 ε—己内酯、 乙二醇、 丙二醇、 乙醇酸、 或乙二醇单甲醚等、 或其任意的混合物。
上述用于制造烟用纤维丝束的二种高分子聚合物原料均可按照公知的 方法制备或商购得到。
例如,中国发明专利 01144133.X中公开了一种利用丁二酸和丁二醇为 单体原料, 经常压酯化 (缩合) 再减压聚合制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 的方法, 中国专利申请 200710049370.4中也公开了一种制备高分子量 PBS 的方法, 按照这些现有技术的方法制备得到的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物均 可满足本发明原料要求, 因此将上述公开内容并入本发明。 对于含有所述 二元酸二元醇聚合链节的 PBS聚合物, 也可以通过聚合反应、 扩链反应等 化学过程实现非常方便地制备得到。 例如按照以上文献记载的方法, 在丁 二酸与丁二醇的缩合反应体系中加入确定比例的选定二元酸和 /或二元醇, 经聚合反应即可使聚合产物中含有所要求比例的聚合物链节。
另一种聚合物材料, 聚乳酸或含选定单体共聚链节的聚乳酸聚合物也 可以按照公知方法制备或来自商购, 前者已经是普遍公知并且使用多年的 聚合物材料, 是一种可以方便商购或按照成熟方法合成得到的聚合物产品, 而含选定单体共聚链节的聚乳酸聚合物则可以按照很多已经公开的方法使 按一定比例混合的单体原料聚合得到, 从而很容易地制备具有所要求的链 节比例的共聚产物, 也可以在公开文献及相关聚合反应的基础理论教导下 通过聚合反应、 扩链反应等化学过程实现非常方便地制备得到。 例如按照 发明专利申请 CN 200610016643.0中公开的聚合反应方法,将乳酸与所选择 确定的聚合单体按照要求的比例实现共聚。
本发明提供的烟用纤维丝束所利用的原料中, 除上述纯均聚或含有不 同共聚链节的 PBS聚合物和聚乳酸聚合物材料 (本发明均称为聚丁二酸丁 二醇酯聚合物和聚乳酸聚合物) 外, 还可以添加适当的稳定剂, 所述的稳 定剂指能提高 PBS和聚乳酸及共聚物在加工、 储存和使用过程中稳定性的 物质, 包括但不限于热稳定剂、 光稳定剂和抑酸剂, 例如可以包括磷酸、 亚磷酸、 次亚磷酸、 焦磷酸、 磷酸铵、 磷酸三甲酯、 磷酸二甲酯、 磷酸三 苯酯、 磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷酸三苯酯、 亚磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷酸铵、 磷酸二氢 铵、 抗氧剂 1010 (四 [亚甲基 3- (3 ',5 '-二叔丁基 -4-羟苯基) 丙酸酯]甲垸)、 抗氧剂 1222 (3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟苯基磷酸二乙酯)、 抗氧剂 1076 ( β- (3,5- 二叔丁基 -4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八碳醇酯)、抗氧剂 1425 (双 (3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟基苄基磷酸单乙酯) 钙)、长链含磷硫化合物 Η— MOD、环氧聚丁二烯、 环氧亚麻子油、 环氧大豆油、 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸、 氢氧化镁、 氢氧化 铝、 氧化钙、 氨基树脂等或它们的任意混合物。 优选地, 所述稳定剂包括 磷酸三甲酯、 磷酸三苯酯、 亚磷酸三苯酯、 抗氧剂 1010、 抗氧剂 1076、 H -MOD, 环氧亚麻子油、 环氧大豆油、 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸、 氢氧化 镁、 氨基树脂等或它们的任意混合物。
发明人的研究结果显示, 满足以上定义的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物和 聚乳酸聚合物的复合材料具有良好的成型加工性能, 因而按照目前对聚丙 烯纤维的类似纺丝工艺可以制造满足香烟过滤嘴棒标准的烟用纤维材料丝 束。 所以, 本发明提供的制造可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒的方法包括:
制造可生物降解的烟用纤维材料作为烟用丝束以及进一歩制造香烟过 滤嘴棒; 所述制造可生物降解的烟用纤维材料的方法包括如下歩骤:
将干燥的原料混合均匀, 用螺杆挤出机实施共混并挤出制粒, 制粒时 挤出机螺筒温度在 140-230°C, 对挤出后物料进行切粒, 干燥, 即得到的烟 嘴棒用专用料;
对所制造的烟嘴棒用专用料进行熔融纺丝, 制成可生物降解的烟用纤 维材料丝束。
优选地,挤出制粒时选用的挤出机设有熔体过滤装置并对粒径大于 100 目的颗粒进行过滤。
以上工艺中, 各参数的设定可以在所定义范围内根据物料的具体性质 以及设备运转情况进行调整。 原料的挤出制粒时, 一般可使用双螺杆挤出 机, 根据物料的熔融特性在上述温度范围内分段设定合适的螺筒温度, 挤 出机优选安装有熔体过滤装置的挤出机, 采用的滤网一般孔径小于 100目。 实现制粒, 以提供制造香烟过滤嘴棒的专用料。 将该专用料进行熔融纺丝, 卷曲, 干燥定型, 得到的丝束即为所述可生物降解的烟用纤维材料。 该具 体过程可以是, 将烟用纤维专用料进行熔融纺丝时, 设定纺丝机的螺杆温 度 170°C-250°C, 使挤出物料流经过滤器、 箱体、 计量泵和直管后, 通过喷 丝板喷丝, 该过程控制过滤器温度 170°C-250°C, 箱体温度 170°C-250°C, 直管温度 170°C-250°C, 然后对喷出的丝以干燥空气冷却, 冷却温度为 0°C-50°C ; 冷却后的丝束经涂覆油剂、 慢牵引机绕卷、 蒸汽箱牵引、 快牵引 机绕卷以及皮带输送机的卷绕牵引, 油剂为浓度 0.8%-1%的纤维表面处理 剂的水溶液 (例如: 聚乙二醇、 乙醇胺甲酯、 壬基酚类表面活性剂等) , 慢牵引机的辊卷绕速度 200-1500m/min, 快牵引机的辊转速 400-2500r/min, 频率 25-50HZ, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 200-1500 r/min, 频率为 30-60HZ; 将从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束在水温为 40°C-85 °C的水槽中水浴牵伸, 然 后经卷曲和干燥定型, 得到的丝束即为所述可生物降解的烟用纤维丝束。
本发明进一歩提供了采用上述 PBS+PLA合金材料烟用纤维制造可生 物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒的方法, 该方法包括:
对制成的丝束开松后喷施该丝束重量 0.5~15%的粘合增塑剂使丝束被 均匀上胶;
在烟用嘴棒成形器内将所述上了胶的丝束揉卷成条形, 用滤棒盘纸包 裹定型, 成为嘴棒料条, 丝束中的纤维抱合在一起, 用手撕开可以明显看 到丝束的纤维已经形成连通的三维网络嘴棒料条;
将上述嘴棒料条切割成规定长度, 即得到供加工香烟过滤嘴的可生物 降解香烟嘴棒;
上述粘合增塑剂是指能使聚丁二酸丁二醇酯嘴棒中纤维出现交联、 粘 接、 膨胀或蓬松的物质, 包括但不限于包括苯二甲酸二辛酯、 对苯二甲酸 二丁酯、 偏苯三酸三辛酯、 偏苯三酸三丁酯、 偏苯三酸三癸酯、 偏苯三酸 三甘油酯、 磷酸甘油酯、 三醋酸甘油酯、 二甘酸二醋酸酯、 碳酸丙烯酯、 乳酸甘油酯、 乙二醇单乙醚、 碳酸二甲酯、 碳酸二乙酯、 碳酸二丙酯、 碳 酸二丁酯、 水基淀粉胶、 羧甲基淀粉胶、 丙烯酸酯胶、 聚乙二醇胶、 聚乙 烯醇胶、 蛋白胶、 胶原胶等或它们的任意混合物。
优选地, 所述粘合增塑剂包括偏苯三酸三甘油酯、 三醋酸甘油酯、 二 甘醇二醋酸酯、 碳酸丙烯酯、 碳酸二丁酯、 羧甲基淀粉胶、 聚乙二醇胶、 胶原胶等或它们的任意混合物。 本发明的具体方案中, 所用粘合增塑剂以适当的溶剂溶解, 该溶剂以 能有效溶解粘合增塑剂为选择标准, 优选以乙醇或乙醇水溶液为溶剂。
本发明利用聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物和聚乳酸聚合物组成的合金材料 制造提供的烟用过滤嘴棒具有良好的生物降解性能, 接到烟上后在正常的 储存和运输条件下可以保证在 3 年内力学、 外观、 口感等方面性能基本没 有变化, 完全符合香烟要求, 而在香烟使用后废弃过滤嘴进入垃圾等富含 微生物环境三个月内降解率可超过 70%, 六个月内可完全降解。 并且, 本 发明提供的过滤嘴在安全性能, 吸阻、 重量、 硬度、 圆周等理化指标完全 符合烟用嘴棒要求。
经吸收试验, 本发明的烟用过滤嘴棒 (以下称合金嘴棒) 制备的过滤 嘴香烟在香烟抽吸过程中对于对人体有害物质的吸附性能优于目前使用的 聚丙烯纤维嘴棒和醋酸纤维素纤维嘴棒 (检测结果见下表)。
各种原料的过滤嘴棒烟气指标对比
Figure imgf000010_0001
注: 1、表中的 "醋纤嘴棒"为市场品牌香烟用嘴棒; "合金嘴棒"的烟气指标来自本发 明实施例制备的过滤嘴棒产品的统计结果。
2、 以上指标的检测方法按照 GB5606— 2004 《卷烟》 标准进行。 本发明的合金嘴棒较现有嘴棒具有显著优点:
1 具有生物降解性能, 更加环保;
2 对烟气具有更好的吸附性能, 减少了吸烟危害;
3 原料来源广泛, 既可采用传统的化石基资源, 又可采用生物质通过 生物技术得到, 既避免了醋酸纤维素嘴棒依赖木浆的资源问题, 又可真正 实现源自自然 (生物质) 又回归自然 (降解) 的绿色生产。 综上所述,本发明采用 PBS+PLA的合金原料制造的烟用过滤嘴棒在质 量和性质上均能达到烟用嘴棒的行业标准, 并且加工成香烟, 使用后的废 弃过滤嘴能实现完全生物降解, 与目前的醋酸纤维嘴棒相比, 从环保角度 具有不可比拟的优势; 另一方面, 本发明提供的可生物降解的过滤嘴棒利 用的 PBS、 PLA或含有 PBS、 PLA的共聚酯原料可以通过化学方法合成制 备, 原料来源丰富, 不再需要进口优质木材, 更利于工业化生产。 所以, 本发明的实施完全可以取代目前使用的醋酸纤维嘴棒和聚丙烯纤维嘴棒, 同时具有非常广阔的经济效益和社会效益。 具体实施方案
以下通过具体实施例进一歩详细说明本发明的实施过程以及所产生的 有益效果, 以帮助阅读者更好地理解本发明, 但不能对本发明的可实施范 围构成任何限定。
除特别说明外, 本发明权利要求书和说明书中出现的比例或浓度均应 理解为重量比或以重量为基准的百分浓度, 以下实施例中所用稳定剂均为 食品添加剂级。 实施例 1
称取 50公斤重均分子量为 (15±1 ) 万, 分散指数为 1.7的均聚丁二酸 丁二醇酯 (PBS ) , 在 65 °C烘箱中烘干 2小时。 称取 49公斤重均分子量为
( 15±1 ) 万, 分散指数为 1.5的均聚聚乳酸, 在 55 °C烘箱中烘干 5小时。 二个原料干燥后都加入到高速搅拌机中,并在搅拌机中加入 0.5公斤磷酸三 苯酯和 0.5公斤抗氧剂 1222(3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟苯基磷酸二乙酯), 高速搅拌 均匀。
将搅拌后的混合物料在长径比为 32的 Φ57双螺杆挤出机上共混并挤出 制粒, 螺筒温度设定第一段为 190°C, 第二段为 200°C, 第三段为 200°C, 第四段为 200°C, 第五段为 195°C, 机头熔体过滤器上滤网为 100目。 挤出 料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行纺 丝, 纺丝机螺杆温度设定是: 第一段为 190°C, 第二段为 205°C, 第三段为 210°C, 过滤器温度 205°C, 箱体温度 205°C, 直管温度 205°C, 从规格为 1050x3的喷丝板喷出后用温度范围为 (15±5) °C的干燥空气侧吹风冷却。
上述冷却后的丝束在上油槽中涂覆油剂, 上油槽中油剂为以下组成的 纤维表面处理剂水溶液: 聚乙二醇 1700, 浓度为 0.2%, 三乙醇胺硫酸二甲 酯, 浓度为 0.15, 壬基酚聚环氧乙垸, 浓度为 0.1%。 经过上油槽后丝束通 过慢牵引机绕卷, 辊卷绕速度为 800m/mm; 然后通过牵引蒸汽箱, 进入快 牵引机绕卷, 快牵引辊转速 1500r/min, 频率 38HZ, 然后通过皮带输送机 输送, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 800r/min, 频率为 40HZ。
从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束用多辊牵伸机牵伸, 牵伸介质为水, 水 温为 65°C。 牵伸后丝束在卷曲器中进行卷曲, 卷曲数为 24个 /25mm, 卷曲 后的丝束通过蒸气干燥器干燥。 干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束在盛丝容器中摆 放好, 打包即得到本发明的可生物降解烟用丝束。
从料箱拉出丝束, 经过辊道, 送达 Y11丝束开松机进行丝束开松, 开 松后丝束进入箱体, 用甩胶盘和喷嘴喷施该丝束重量 6%的粘合增塑剂, 并 使丝束均匀地沾上胶。 粘合增塑剂的溶剂采用水 : 乙醇的质量比为 50 : 50的混合溶剂, 粘合增塑剂组成: 醋酸三甘油酯, 浓度为 20%, 聚丙烯酸 酯胶,浓度为 4%。将上了胶的丝束在 Y21型烟用嘴棒成形器内将揉卷成圆 条形, 用滤棒盘纸包裹, 定型形成嘴棒料条, 用切割刀将从成型器中出来 嘴棒料条切割成规定长度, 利用包装处理装置, 经由装盘机装入包装盒即 得到本发明的可生物降解烟用嘴棒。
上述嘴棒具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降解 标准要求, 90天降解率达到 91%。 材料生物安全性符合烟用嘴棒要求。 圆 周 24.1mm, 不圆度 0.1mm, 吸阻 3255Pa, 硬度 90%, 物理性能符合嘴棒 要求。 经卷烟测试, 烟气指标为: 烟碱 1.03mg/支, 湿焦油 15.6mg/支, C015.2mg/支, 焦油 12.4mg/支。 实施例 2
称取 30公斤重均分子量为 (10±1 ) 万, 分散指数为 1.2, 分子链上含 有 18% (链节数) 随机分布的对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁 二醇酯 (PBS),在 60°C烘箱中烘干 3小时。称取 68公斤重均分子量为( 10±1 ) 万, 分散指数为 1.2, 分子链上含有 1% (链节数) 随机分布的乙二醇单甲 醚链节的共聚聚乳酸, 在 45 °C烘箱中烘干 8小时。 干燥后将两种树脂原料 都加入到高速搅拌机中, 并在搅拌机中加入 1公斤长链含磷硫化合物 H— MOD和 1 公斤亚磷酸三苯酯, 高速搅拌均匀。 上述混合料在长径比为 28 的 Φ65双螺杆挤出机上共混并挤出制粒, 螺筒温度设定第一段为 195°C, 第二段为 205°C, 第三段为 215°C, 第四段为 210°C, 第五段为 205°C, 机 头熔体过滤器上滤网为 120 目。 挤出料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行纺 丝 (纺丝过程可以参照实施例 1或类似的方法), 干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束 在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明的可生物降解烟用丝束。
从料箱拉出丝束, 经过辊道, 送达 Y11丝束开松机进行丝束开松, 开 松后丝束进入箱体, 用甩胶盘和喷嘴喷施该丝束重量 2%的粘合增塑剂, 并 使丝束均匀地沾上胶。 粘合增塑剂的溶剂采用水 : 乙醇质量比为 50 : 50 的混合溶剂, 粘合增塑剂组成: 二甘醇二醋酸酯, 浓度为 30%, 聚乙二醇 胶,浓度为 4%。将上了胶的丝束在 Y21型烟用嘴棒成形器内将揉卷成圆条 形, 用滤棒盘纸包裹, 定型形成嘴棒料条, 用切割刀将从成型器中出来嘴 棒料条切割成规定长度, 利用包装处理装置, 经由装盘机装入包装盒即得 到本发明的可生物烟用降解嘴棒。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS基材树脂参照 CN 01144133.X中记载的方 法合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中加入对苯二甲酸, 其中对苯二甲 酸占体系中二元酸总量的摩尔比为 18%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求 的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯共聚物。
本实施例所采用的共聚聚乳酸可参照发明专利申请 CN200610016643.0 中公开的聚合反应方法, 将乳酸与乙二醇单甲醚单体按照 99 : 1的摩尔比 混合发生共聚反应而得到。
上述嘴棒具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降解 标准要求, 90天降解率达到 89%。 材料生物安全性符合烟用嘴棒要求。 圆 周 24.1mm, 不圆度 0.2mm, 吸阻 3232Pa, 硬度 91%, 物理性能符合嘴棒 要求。 经卷烟测试, 烟气指标为: 烟碱 1.03mg/支, 湿焦油 15.6mg/支, C015.2mg/支, 焦油 12.5mg/支。 实施例 3
称取 70公斤重均分子量为 35万, 分散指数为 3.0, 分子链上含有 30% (链节数)随机分布的丁二酸己二醇酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS) 在 75°C烘箱中烘干 3小时。 称取 30公斤重均分子量为 30万, 分散指数为 3.0, 分子链上含有 30% (链节数) 随机分布的 ε—己内酯链节的共聚聚乳 酸, 在 50°C烘箱中烘干 8小时。 将干燥后的两种树脂材料都加入到高速搅 拌机中搅拌均匀, 在长径比为 28的 Φ65双螺杆挤出机上共混并挤出制粒, 螺筒温度设定第一段为 215°C, 第二段为 220°C, 第三段为 230°C, 第四段 为 220°C, 第五段为 215 °C, 机头熔体过滤器上滤网为 100目。 挤出料条用 切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行纺丝(纺丝 过程可以参照实施例 1或类似的方法), 干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束在盛丝容 器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明的可生物降解烟用丝束。
从料箱拉出丝束, 经过辊道, 送达 Y11丝束开松机进行丝束开松, 开 松后丝束进入箱体, 用甩胶盘和喷嘴喷施该丝束重量 0.5%的粘合增塑剂, 并使丝束均匀地沾上胶。 粘合增塑剂采用的溶剂是水 : 乙醇的质量比为 50 : 50的混合溶剂, 粘合增塑剂组成: 羧甲基淀粉胶, 浓度为 5%。 将上 了胶的丝束在 Y21型烟用嘴棒成形器内将揉卷成圆条形,用滤棒盘纸包裹, 定型形成嘴棒料条, 用切割刀将从成型器中出来嘴棒料条切割成规定长度, 通过包装处理装置, 经由装盘机装入包装盒即得到本发明的可生物降解烟 用嘴棒。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS 基材树脂可参照按照中国专利 CN 01144133.X 中记载的方法合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中加入己二 醇, 其中己二醇占体系中二元醇总量的摩尔比为 30%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求的共聚物。
本实施例所采用的共聚聚乳酸可按照中国发明专利申请 200610016643.0中公开的聚合反应方法,将乳酸与 ε-己内酯单体按照 70 : 30的摩尔比混合发生共聚反应而得到。
上述嘴棒具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降解 标准要求, 90天降解率达到 91%。 材料生物安全性符合烟用嘴棒要求。 圆 周 24.1mm, 不圆度 0.1mm, 吸阻 3334Pa, 硬度 89%, 物理性能符合嘴棒 要求。 经卷烟测试, 烟气指标为: 烟碱 1.04mg/支, 湿焦油 15.4mg/支, C015.5mg/支, 焦油 12.4mg/支。 实施例 4
称取 10公斤重均分子量为 5万, 分散指数为 2.4, 分子链上含有 10% (链节数) 随机分布的含己二酸的酯链节和 10% (链节数) 随机分布的含 乙二醇的酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS) , 在 60°C烘箱中烘干 3小 时。 称取 97公斤重均分子量为 5万, 分散指数为 1.3的分子链上含有 10% (链节数) 随机分布的乙交酯和 10% (链节数) 随机分布的乙二醇的共聚 聚乳酸, 在 45°C烘箱中烘干 8小时。 称取 1.5公斤氢氧化镁, 0.5公斤氧化 钛, 在 75°C烘箱中烘干 2小时。 干燥后将两种树脂和助剂都加入到高速搅 拌机中,并在搅拌机中加入重量为 0.2公斤的 1010,重量为 0.3公斤的 1076, 搅拌均匀。混合物料用长径比为 36的 Φ60双螺杆挤出机上共混并挤出制粒, 螺筒温度设定第一段为 140°C, 第二段为 160°C, 第三段为 175°C, 第四段 为 185°C, 第五段为 175 °C, 机头熔体过滤器上滤网为 150目。 挤出料条用 切粒机切粒, 经在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ60熔融纺丝机上进行纺 丝 (纺丝过程可以参照实施例 1或类似的方法), 干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束 在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明的可生物降解烟用丝束。
从料箱拉出丝束, 经过辊道, 送达 Y11丝束开松机进行丝束开松, 开 松后丝束进入箱体, 用甩胶盘和喷嘴喷施该丝束重量 15%的粘合增塑剂, 并使丝束均匀地沾上胶。 粘合增塑剂采用的溶剂是水 : 乙醇的质量比为 50 : 50的混合溶剂,粘合增塑剂组成: 乳酸甘油酯, 浓度为 20%,胶原胶, 浓度为 4%。 将上了胶的丝束在 Y21型烟用嘴棒成形器内将揉卷成圆条形, 用滤棒盘纸包裹, 定型形成嘴棒料条, 用切割刀将从成型器中出来嘴棒料 条切割成规定长度, 通过包装处理装置, 经由装盘机装入包装盒即得到本 发明的可生物降解烟用嘴棒。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS树脂可按照 CN 01144133.X中记载的方法 合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中分别加入己二酸和乙二醇, 其中己 二酸占体系中二元酸总量的摩尔比为 10%, 乙二醇占体系中二元醇总量的 摩尔比为 10%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求的共聚物。
本实施例所采用的共聚聚乳酸树脂可参照中国发明专利申请 CN 200610016643.0 中公开的聚合反应方法, 将乳酸与乙交酯和乙二醇单体按 照 80 : 10 : 10的摩尔比混合发生共聚反应而得到。
上述嘴棒具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降解 标准要求, 90天降解率达到 97%。 材料生物安全性符合烟用嘴棒要求。 圆 周 24.1mm, 不圆度 0.2mm, 吸阻 3334Pa, 硬度 90%, 物理性能符合嘴棒 要求。 经卷烟测试, 烟气指标为: 烟碱 1.05mg/支, 湿焦油 15.6mg/支, C015.5mg/支, 焦油 12.5mg/支。 实施例 5
称取 89.5公斤重均分子量为 (25±2 )万, 分散指数为 1.4, 分子链上含 有 15% (链节数) 随机分布的丁二酸 1,3-丙二醇酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁 二醇酯, 在 60°C烘箱中烘干 3小时。 称取 10公斤重均分子量为 18万, 分 散指数为 1.5, 分子链上含有 15% (链节数) 随机分布的乙交酯的共聚聚乳 酸, 在 50°C烘箱中烘干 6小时。 将上述两种干燥后的树脂加入到高速搅拌 机中, 并向搅拌机中加入重量为 0.1公斤的抗氧剂 1010, 重量为 0.2公斤的 抗氧剂 1076, 0.2公斤 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸, 在高速搅拌机中充分搅拌 均匀。 该混合物料用长径比为 28的 Φ35双螺杆挤出机上共混并挤出制粒, 螺筒温度设定方式: 第一段为 180°C, 第二段为 190°C, 第三段为 200°C, 第四段为 205 °C, 第五段为 195 °C, 机头熔体过滤器上滤网为 130目。 挤出 料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到的本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ60熔融纺丝机上进行纺 丝 (纺丝过程可以参照实施例 1或类似的方法), 干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束 在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明的可生物降解烟用丝束。
从料箱拉出丝束, 经过辊道, 送到 Y11丝束开松机进行丝束开松, 开 松后丝束进入箱体, 用甩胶盘和喷嘴喷施该丝束重量 5%的粘合增塑剂, 并 使丝束均匀地沾上胶。粘合增塑剂采用的溶剂是水 : 乙醇的质量比为 50 : 50的混合溶剂, 粘合增塑剂组成: 二甘醇二醋酸酯, 浓度为 30%, 羧甲基 淀粉胶, 浓度为 2%。
将上了胶的丝束在 Y21型烟用嘴棒成形器内将揉卷成圆条形, 用滤棒 盘纸包裹, 定型形成嘴棒料条, 用切割刀将从成型器中出来嘴棒料条中切 割成规定长度的嘴棒, 经包装处理装置, 经由装盘机装入包装盒即得到本 发明的可生物降解烟用嘴棒。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS基材树脂按照 CN 01144133.X中记载的方 法合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中加入 1,3-丙二醇, 其中 1,3-丙二醇 占体系中二元醇总量的摩尔比为 15%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求的 共聚物。
本实施例所采用的非内酯单体共聚改性聚乳酸基材树脂可参照发明专 利申请 CN 200610016643.0中公开的聚合反应方法,将乳酸与乙交酯单体按 照 85 : 15的摩尔比混合发生共聚反应而得到。
上述嘴棒具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降解 标准要求, 90天降解率达到 93%。 材料生物安全性符合烟用嘴棒要求。 圆 周 24.1mm, 不圆度 0.2mm, 吸阻 3435Pa, 硬度 89%, 物理性能符合嘴棒 要求。 经卷烟测试, 烟气指标为: 烟碱 1.05mg/支, 湿焦油 15.4mg/支, CO 15.5mg/支, 焦油 12.4mg/支。 实施例 6
称取 94.5公斤重均分子量为 16万,分散指数为 2.1的均聚乳酸,在 50°C 烘箱中烘干 8小时。 称取 5公斤重均分子量为 15万, 分散指数为 1.8, 分 子链上含有 10% (链节数) 随机分布的对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯链节的共聚聚 丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) , 在 70°C烘箱中烘干 2小时。 将两种树脂干燥后加 入到高速搅拌机中, 并在高速搅拌机中加入亚磷酸三乙酯 0.2公斤, 抗氧剂 1425 (双 (3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟基苄基磷酸单乙酯) 钙) 0.2 公斤, 氧化钛 0.1 公斤。 在高速搅拌机中将所述原料搅拌均匀。 将得到的混合物料用长径比 为 38的 Φ60双螺杆挤出机共混并挤出制粒, 螺筒温度设定方式, 第一段为 180°C,第二段为 190°C,第三段为 200°C,第四段为 210°C,第五段为 200°C。 挤出料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到本发明烟嘴棒用专用 料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行纺 丝 (纺丝过程可以参照实施例 1或类似的方法), 干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束 在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明的可生物降解烟用丝束。
从料箱拉出丝束, 经过辊道, 送到 Y11丝束开松机进行丝束开松, 开 松后丝束进入箱体, 用甩胶盘和喷嘴喷施该丝束重量 10%的粘合增塑剂, 并使丝束均匀地沾上胶。 粘合增塑剂采用的溶剂为乙醇, 粘合增塑剂组成: 偏苯三酸三甘油酯, 浓度为 20%, 聚丙烯酸酯胶, 浓度为 6%。 将上了胶的 丝束在 Y21型烟用嘴棒成形器内将揉卷成圆条形, 用滤棒盘纸包裹, 定型 形成嘴棒料条, 用切割刀将从成型器中出来嘴棒料条切割成规定长度, 采 用包装处理装置, 经由装盘机装入包装盒即得到本发明的可生物降解烟用 嘴棒。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS树脂按照 CN 01144133.X中记载的方法合 成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系加入对苯二甲酸, 其中对苯二甲酸占体 系中二元酸总量的摩尔比 10%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求的共聚物。
上述嘴棒具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降解 标准要求, 90天降解率达到 96%。 材料生物安全性符合烟用嘴棒要求。 圆 周 24.1mm,不圆度 0.1mm, 吸阻 3445Pa, 硬度 96%, 物理性能符合嘴棒要 求。经卷烟测试,烟气指标为:烟碱 1.06mg/支,湿焦油 15.8mg/支, C015.7mg/ 支, 焦油 12.7mg/支。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其特征是利用可生物降解的烟用 纤维经加工而成,所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维,其原料的组分为 l-99wt% 的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物、 l-99wt%的聚乳酸聚合物和 0-3wt%的稳定剂, 且所述组分为经过挤出机挤出共混的产物。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述聚丁 二醇丁二酸酯聚合物为分子链中丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的量不少于该聚合物 总链节数的 70%的高分子聚合物, 且该组合物的重均分子量为 5-35万, 分 散指数 1.2-3.0。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述聚丁 二醇丁二酸酯聚合物的分子链中丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的量不少于总链节数 的 70%, 其余为非丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的二元酸二元醇聚合链节。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述二元 酸选自 C2-C12的脂肪族二元酸、 芳香族二元酸或它们的混合物; 二元醇选 自 C2-C12的脂肪族二元醇或它们的混合物。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述二元 酸包括乙二酸、 1,2-丙二酸、 1,3-丙二酸、 戊二酸、 己二酸、 壬二酸、 癸二 酸、 十一碳二元酸、 十二碳二元酸、 富马酸、 马来酸、 苯二甲酸、 萘二甲 酸或其混合物; 所述二元醇包括乙二醇、 丙二醇、 戊二醇、 己二醇、 癸二 醇或其混合物。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述二元 酸选自乙二酸、 丙二酸、 己二酸、 富马酸、 苯二甲酸或它们中一种以上的 混合物; 所述二元醇选自乙二醇、 丙二醇、 己二醇、 或它们中一种以上的 混合物。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述聚乳 酸聚合物为分子链中乳酸链节不少于该聚合物总链节数的 70%的高分子聚 合物, 且该聚合物重均分子量为 5-30万, 分散指数 1.2-3.0。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述聚乳 酸聚合物的分子链中乳酸链节的量不少于该聚合物总链节数的 70%, 其余 为能与乳酸进行共聚的单体聚合链节。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述能与 乳酸进行共聚的单体包括乙交酯、 ε—己内酯、 乙二醇、 丙二醇、 乙醇酸、 或乙二醇单甲醚、 或任意混合物。
10、 如权利要求 1-9任一项所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述稳定剂包括磷酸、 亚磷酸、 次亚磷酸、 焦磷酸、 磷酸铵、 磷酸三甲酯、 磷酸二甲酯、 磷酸三苯酯、 磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷酸三苯酯、 亚磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷酸铵、 磷酸二氢铵、 抗氧剂 1010 、 抗氧剂 1222、 抗氧剂 1076、 抗氧 剂 1425、 长链含磷硫化合物 Η— MOD、 环氧聚丁二烯、 环氧亚麻子油、 环 氧大豆油、 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸、 氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝、 氧化钙、 氨基 树脂或它们的任意混合物。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒, 其中, 所述稳 定剂包括磷酸三甲酯、磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸三苯酯、 1010、 1076、 H— MOD、 环氧亚麻子油、 环氧大豆油、 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸、 氢氧化镁、 氨基树 脂或它们的任意混合物。
12、 一种设置有过滤嘴的香烟, 所述过滤嘴为权利要求 1-11任一项所 述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒制备而成。
13、 权利要求 1-11任一项所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒的制造方 法, 该方法包括: 制造可生物降解的烟用纤维材料作为烟用丝束以及进一 歩制造香烟过滤嘴棒; 所述制造可生物降解的烟用纤维材料的方法包括如 下歩骤:
将干燥的原料混合均匀, 用螺杆挤出机实施共混并挤出制粒, 制粒时 挤出机螺筒温度在 140-230°C, 对挤出后物料进行切粒, 干燥, 即得到的烟 嘴棒用专用料;
对所制造的烟嘴棒用专用料进行熔融纺丝, 制成可生物降解的烟用纤 维材料丝束。
14、 权利要求 13所述的制造方法, 其中, 所述挤出制粒时选用的挤出 机设有熔体过滤装置并对粒径大于 100目的颗粒进行过滤。
15、 权利要求 13所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒的制造方法, 该方 法还包括:
对所制成的可生物降解的烟用纤维材料丝束开松后喷施该丝束重量 0.5~15%的粘合增塑剂使丝束被均匀上胶;
在烟用嘴棒成形器内将所述上了胶的丝束揉卷成条形, 用滤棒盘纸包 裹定型, 成为嘴棒料条;
将上述嘴棒料条切割成规定长度, 即得到供加工香烟过滤嘴的可生物 降解香烟嘴棒;
上述粘合增塑剂包括对苯二甲酸二辛酯、 对苯二甲酸二丁酯、 偏苯三 酸三辛酯、 偏苯三酸三丁酯、 偏苯三酸三癸酯、 偏苯三酸三甘油酯、 磷酸 甘油酯、 三醋酸甘油酯、 二甘酸二醋酸酯、 碳酸丙烯酯、 乳酸甘油酯、 乙 二醇单乙醚、 碳酸二甲酯、 碳酸二乙酯、 碳酸二丙酯、 碳酸二丁酯、 水基 淀粉胶、 羧甲基淀粉胶、 丙烯酸酯胶、 聚乙二醇胶、 聚乙烯醇胶、 蛋白胶、 胶原胶或它们的任意混合物。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒的制造方法, 其 中, 所述粘合增塑剂包括偏苯三酸三甘油酯、 三醋酸甘油酯、 二甘醇二醋 酸酯、 碳酸丙烯酯、 碳酸二丁酯、 羧甲基淀粉胶、 聚乙二醇胶、 胶原胶或 它们的任意混合物。
17、 如权利要求 16所述的可生物降解的香烟过滤嘴棒的制造方法, 其 中, 所用粘合增塑剂以乙醇或乙醇水溶液为溶剂。
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