WO2011062281A1 - ガラス溶融炉、溶融ガラスの製造方法、ガラス製品の製造装置、及びガラス製品の製造方法 - Google Patents
ガラス溶融炉、溶融ガラスの製造方法、ガラス製品の製造装置、及びガラス製品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011062281A1 WO2011062281A1 PCT/JP2010/070747 JP2010070747W WO2011062281A1 WO 2011062281 A1 WO2011062281 A1 WO 2011062281A1 JP 2010070747 W JP2010070747 W JP 2010070747W WO 2011062281 A1 WO2011062281 A1 WO 2011062281A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
- C03B3/02—Charging the melting furnaces combined with preheating, premelting or pretreating the glass-making ingredients, pellets or cullet
- C03B3/026—Charging the melting furnaces combined with preheating, premelting or pretreating the glass-making ingredients, pellets or cullet by charging the ingredients into a flame, through a burner or equivalent heating means used to heat the melting furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/225—Refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/20—Bridges, shoes, throats, or other devices for withholding dirt, foam, or batch
- C03B5/207—Foraminous or mesh screens, e.g. submerged sieves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/078—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing an oxide of a divalent metal, e.g. an oxide of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2211/00—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces
- C03B2211/20—Submerged gas heating
- C03B2211/25—Submerged gas heating by indirect heating, e.g. with heat pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2211/00—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces
- C03B2211/40—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces using oxy-fuel burners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2211/00—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces
- C03B2211/40—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces using oxy-fuel burners
- C03B2211/60—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces using oxy-fuel burners oxy-fuel burner construction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a glass melting furnace for producing molten glass by forming liquid glass particles from glass raw material particles in a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere, a method for producing molten glass using the glass melting furnace, and a glass equipped with the melting furnace
- the present invention relates to a product manufacturing apparatus and a glass product manufacturing method using the above manufacturing method.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 as a glass melting furnace for producing a glass melt by melting and collecting glass raw material particles in a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere, a glass raw material particle charging portion and a glass raw material are provided on the ceiling of the glass melting furnace.
- a glass melting furnace having heating means for forming a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere for melting particles is disclosed.
- This glass melting furnace melts glass raw material particles charged into the furnace from the glass raw material particle charging section in a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere heated by a heating means into liquid glass particles.
- the glass melt is accumulated at the bottom to form a glass melt, and the glass melt is temporarily stored at the bottom of the glass melting furnace and discharged.
- Such a method for producing molten glass is known as an in-flight melting method for glass.
- the energy consumption of the glass melting step can be reduced to about 1/3 as compared with the melting method by the conventional Siemens kiln, and melting can be performed in a short time. It is said that it is possible to reduce the size, reduce the heat storage chamber, improve the quality, reduce CO 2 , and shorten the time for changing the glass type.
- Such a glass melting method in the air is attracting attention as an energy-saving technique.
- the glass raw material particles introduced from the glass raw material particle introduction part are made of a mixture of glass raw materials, and those having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less are generally used.
- the glass raw material particles put into the glass melting furnace are melted into liquid glass particles while descending (flying) in a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere, and the liquid glass particles fall downward to form glass. Accumulate at the bottom of the melting furnace to form a glass melt.
- the liquid glass particles generated from the glass raw material particles can also be expressed as glass droplets. In order to generate liquid glass particles from glass raw material particles in a high temperature gas phase atmosphere in a short time, the particle size of the glass raw material particles needs to be small as described above.
- the individual liquid glass particles generated from the individual glass raw material particles need to be particles having substantially the same glass composition.
- the decomposition gas components generated when the glass raw material particles become liquid glass particles are mostly liquid without being confined inside the generated liquid glass particles because both the glass raw material particles and the liquid glass particles are small particles. Released outside the glass particles. For this reason, there is little possibility that a bubble will arise in the glass melt which liquid glass particles accumulated.
- each glass raw material particle is a particle having substantially uniform constituent raw material components, and the glass composition of each liquid glass particle generated therefrom is also uniform.
- the homogenizing means for homogenizing the glass composition of the glass melt required for the conventional glass melting furnace is hardly required in the air melting method. Even if a small number of liquid glass particles have a glass composition different from that of most other liquid glass particles, the liquid glass particles are a small particle size, so a small number of liquid glass particles having a different glass composition. Thus, the heterogeneous region of the glass composition in the glass melt is small, and this heterogeneous region is easily homogenized and disappears in a short time. Thus, in the air melting method, the heat energy required for homogenization of the glass melt can be reduced, and the time required for homogenization can be shortened.
- the glass melting furnaces of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are provided with a plurality of arc electrodes and oxyfuel combustion nozzles as heating means for forming a high temperature gas phase atmosphere, and a thermal plasma arc and oxyfuel combustion formed by the plurality of arc electrodes.
- a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere of about 1600 ° C. or higher is formed in the furnace by the oxyfuel flame (frame) by the nozzle.
- the glass raw material particles are changed to liquid glass particles in the high temperature gas phase atmosphere.
- the glass raw material particles used in Patent Document 1 can be changed into liquid glass particles in a short time, and the particle diameter is 0.5 mm (weight average) from the viewpoint of easy diffusion of the generated gas.
- the thing with a particle size of 0.01 mm (weight average) or more is used from a viewpoint of the cost rise by pulverization of glass raw material particle
- molten glass manufactured with the glass melting furnace of patent documents 1 and 2 is supplied to a temperature adjustment tank or a clarification tank from a glass melting furnace, and the temperature which can be formed here (about 1000 degreeC in soda-lime glass) ) Until cooled.
- the molten glass is supplied to glass product forming means such as a float bath, a fusion molding machine, a roll-out molding machine, a blow molding machine, and a press molding machine, where it is formed into glass products of various shapes. Then, the molded glass product is cooled to about room temperature by a slow cooling means, and after that, after being subjected to a cutting process by a cutting means and / or other post processes as necessary, it is manufactured into a desired glass product. .
- the probability of occurrence of bubbles generated when the liquid glass particles come into contact with the surface of the glass melt is low, but dissolved gas remaining in the liquid glass particles themselves immediately after melting in a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere. If the liquid glass particles containing the dissolved gas etc. are in contact with the glass melt and integrated with the glass melt, other liquid glass particles are stacked on the liquid glass particle portion immediately before and after the liquid glass particles. The dissolved gas etc. contained in may be trapped and become bubbles.
- the glass melting furnaces of Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a drawback in that it may not be possible to produce high-quality molten glass with few bubbles.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of periodically stirring the liquid surface of the molten glass in order to diffuse the liquid glass particles falling on the glass melt surface. Since the air and dissolved gas taken into the melt diffused and entered back into the molten glass, there was a problem that the defoaming efficiency was lowered and a high-quality molten glass could not be produced.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a molten glass manufacturing method, a glass melting furnace, a glass product manufacturing method, and a glass product manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing high-quality molten glass.
- the purpose is to do.
- an electrode is provided in the middle layer of the glass melt of about 30 cm or less downward from the glass melt surface, so that the temperature distribution in the depth direction of the glass melt is the middle layer. It is difficult to heat the upper layer sufficiently due to the current line even if an additional electrode is installed in the upper layer.
- the electrode when the electrode is placed in the upper layer of the glass melt, the temperature rises in the vicinity of the electrode, creating a place where it is heated locally, where gas accumulates locally under the crust layer and the crust layer is balloon-shaped. become.
- the crust layer and the glass raw material layer that has been acting as a heat insulation layer on the crust layer are cracked, and a portion of the glass melt is exposed, and the amount of heat released from the glass melt under the crust layer is reduced.
- the above problems will hinder stable production.
- the second problem can also occur in electric boosting of conventional Siemens kilns.
- the in-air melting method even if the upper layer of the glass melt, especially near the melt surface, is actively heated, the upper layer of the melt stored by melting in a high temperature gas phase atmosphere is relatively uniform. Since the liquid glass particles are laminated, the crust layer itself does not occur.
- the present invention provides a glass melt obtained by collecting glass raw material particles into liquid glass particles in a gas phase atmosphere in a glass melting furnace, and collecting the liquid glass particles at the bottom of the glass melting furnace.
- a glass melting furnace for discharging a melt wherein a glass raw material particle charging portion disposed downward on an upper furnace wall portion in the glass melting furnace, and glass raw material particles in a liquid glass below the glass raw material particle charging portion
- a discharge section for discharging the glass melt.
- a glass melting furnace is provided.
- liquid glass particles are accumulated at the bottom of the glass melting furnace to form a glass melt means that liquid glass particles are further deposited on the glass melt surface accumulated at the bottom of the glass melting furnace.
- “discharging the glass melt” includes continuously discharging the accumulated glass melt.
- the second heating means is preferably installed within 20 cm below the glass melt surface, particularly within 15 cm below the assumed upper end of the heating part of the heating means. .
- the said glass melt surface assumed shows the melt surface of the state which is operating the glass melting furnace stably.
- the second heating means is within 20 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt assumed at least part of the upper end or the tip of the heating part of the heating means, in particular below It is preferable to be installed so as to be located within 15 cm.
- the second heating means is installed so that the lower end portion of the heating part of the heating means is positioned below 50 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt. Is preferred.
- the second heating means is preferably an energizing heating means having an electrode for energizing the glass melt or a heating element.
- the heating element preferably has a heating means for heating the glass melt by heat transfer.
- the heating element is preferably a plate-like body, and the heating surface of the plate-like body is preferably arranged in the horizontal direction.
- the heating element is a combustion gas pipe, and the combustion pipe is arranged in a horizontal direction.
- the first heating means is at least one of an oxyfuel burner that generates an oxyfuel flame and a multiphase arc plasma generator that includes a pair of electrodes that generate thermal plasma. It is preferable to provide.
- the present invention provides a method for producing molten glass characterized in that liquid glass particles are formed using the glass melting furnace described above.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing molten glass in which glass raw material particles are made into liquid glass particles in a gas phase atmosphere in a glass melting furnace, and the liquid glass particles are accumulated at the bottom of the glass melting furnace to make a glass melt.
- the glass raw material particles are supplied downward from the upper furnace wall in the glass melting furnace, passed through the gas phase portion formed by the first heating means to form liquid glass particles, and the liquid glass particles
- a method for producing a molten glass is provided, wherein the glass melt is accumulated to form a glass melt and the upper layer of the glass melt is heated by a second heating means.
- the heating of the upper layer of the glass melt is preferably performed within 20 cm below the glass melt surface, particularly within 15 cm below the glass melt surface.
- the heating of the upper layer of the glass melt is preferably carried out at a lower end of the heating part less than 50 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt.
- the glass melt upper layer is preferably heated to a temperature at which the viscosity of the glass melt upper layer is 30 Pa ⁇ sec or less.
- the upper layer of the glass melt is heated to 1450 ° C. or higher when the molten glass is soda lime glass.
- the present invention includes the glass melting furnace described above, a molding means for molding the molten glass provided on the downstream side of the discharge portion of the glass melting furnace, and a slow cooling means for gradually cooling the glass after molding.
- An apparatus for producing a glass product is provided.
- the present invention includes a step of producing a molten glass by the above-described method for producing a molten glass, a step of forming the molten glass, and a step of gradually cooling the glass after forming, Provide a method.
- the liquid glass particles deposited on the surface of the glass melt and the defoaming of the glass melt can be smoothly promoted.
- High quality molten glass can be manufactured.
- high-quality molten glass can be produced in large quantities by the glass melting furnace and molten glass manufacturing method of the present invention.
- the product can be produced for a long time.
- the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the glass fusing furnace of 1st Embodiment which comprises the manufacturing apparatus of the glass product of this invention Structural diagram of the heating device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Structural diagram of the heating device of the second embodiment Structural diagram of the heating device of the third embodiment Structural diagram of the heating device of the fourth embodiment Structural diagram of the heating device of the fifth embodiment
- the perspective view of the heating apparatus shown in FIG. Structure diagram of heating apparatus of sixth embodiment The top view of the heating apparatus shown in FIG.
- the flowchart which showed the manufacturing method of the glass product of embodiment
- the first heating means for forming a high-temperature gas phase portion comprises an oxyfuel burner.
- the gas phase portion that is, the gas phase atmosphere is composed of a high temperature portion in the flame of the oxyfuel burner and in the vicinity of the flame.
- the glass raw material particle input part for supplying glass raw material particles to the gas phase part is integrated with the oxyfuel burner, and a tube for supplying combustion gas, a tube for supplying oxygen and a glass raw material particle are supplied near the outlet of the oxyfuel burner.
- the tube is coaxial.
- the combination of the glass raw material particle charging portion and the oxyfuel combustion burner is referred to as a glass raw material particle heating unit.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a glass melting furnace 10 of a first embodiment constituting the glass product manufacturing apparatus of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the glass melting furnace 10.
- the glass melting furnace 10 includes a melting tank 12 and a discharge port 14 for the glass melt G, and the melting tank 12 and the discharge port are made of known refractory bricks. Further, in the melting tank 12, one glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is disposed on the ceiling wall 18 which is the furnace wall portion on the upper part thereof, thereby converting the glass raw material particles into liquid glass particles in the gas phase atmosphere in the furnace. A high temperature gas phase portion is formed. Thereby, the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is installed upstream in the flow direction of the glass melt G in the melting tank 12. The glass melt G generated by the accumulation of liquid glass particles at a position below the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 increases in homogeneity as it flows downstream.
- the molten glass is cooled to a predetermined temperature and then supplied to a glass product forming apparatus.
- These melting tank 12, the discharge port 14, and the defoaming tank 16 are comprised with the well-known firebrick.
- the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is provided in the flat ceiling wall 18 of the melting tank 12 so as to penetrate the ceiling wall 18 downward. The glass raw material particle heating unit 20 will be described later.
- the shape of the melting tank 12 is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and may be a cylindrical shape.
- the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is installed downward in the vertical direction, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be installed inclined if it is downward.
- the ceiling wall 18 of the melting tank 12 has a flat shape, the shape is not limited to this, and may be a shape such as an arch shape or a dome shape.
- a flue 22 is provided on the side of the glass raw material particle heating unit 20.
- a suction fan is connected to the flue 22 via a cooling device and a dust collector (not shown). By driving the suction fan, high-temperature exhaust gas in the melting tank 12 is sucked from the flue 22. The After the exhaust gas is cooled to a predetermined temperature by the cooling device, dust in the exhaust gas is removed by the dust collector, and then exhausted to the outside by the suction fan.
- the case where the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is provided not on the ceiling wall 18 but on the upper side wall of the melting tank 12 is also an example of the embodiment of the present invention.
- the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is provided on the side wall having a height of 1 m in the vertical direction from the inner wall of the ceiling wall 18 of the melting tank 12.
- the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is provided at a place exceeding 1 m in the vertical direction from the inner wall of the ceiling wall 18 of the melting tank 12, the vertical distance from the glass melt surface in the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 becomes too small. .
- the angle formed with the horizontal direction is reduced, and glass particles are sprayed on the opposing wall surface.
- the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is preferably provided on a side wall having a height of 1 m in the vertical direction from the inner wall of the ceiling wall 18 of the melting tank 12.
- the glass raw material particle heating unit 20 is preferably provided at a height of 90 cm in the vertical direction from the inner wall of the ceiling wall 18 of the melting tank 12, and more preferably provided at a height of 50 cm.
- a glass melt G is stored in each of the melting tank 12, the discharge port 14, and the defoaming tank 16, and the glass melt G manufactured in the melting tank 12 is defoamed through the discharge port 14. After flowing into the tank 16 and being clarified and cooled to a predetermined temperature, it is supplied to a glass product forming apparatus.
- an oxyfuel burner 24 in which a glass raw material particle charging portion and a raw material particle heating portion are integrated is applied.
- an oxygen combustion burner known as an inorganic powder heating burner, in which raw materials, fuels, and gas supply nozzles are appropriately arranged, can be used.
- the oxyfuel burner 24 is configured in a straight bar shape, and a nozzle 26 at the tip thereof includes a fuel supply nozzle, a primary gas supply nozzle for primary combustion, a glass raw material particle supply nozzle, and two nozzles from the center to the outer periphery. These nozzles are arranged concentrically as a whole in the order of the secondary combustion supply gas supply nozzles.
- a flame F is jetted downward from the nozzle 26, and glass raw material particles are supplied from the glass raw material particle supply nozzle into the flame F (that is, a gas phase portion) by gas conveyance or mechanical conveyance.
- the oxyfuel burner 24 is supplied with a raw material particle supply system for supplying glass raw material particles to the glass raw material particle supply nozzle, a fuel supply system for supplying fuel to the fuel supply nozzle, and a natural gas.
- a gas supply system is connected to the primary combustion stationary gas supply nozzle and the secondary combustion stationary gas supply nozzle.
- the oxyfuel burning burner 24 also serves as the glass raw material particle charging portion. There is no need to provide a separate input section. However, a glass raw material particle charging portion for introducing glass raw material particles toward the flame F of the oxyfuel combustion burner 24 may be provided separately adjacent to the oxyfuel combustion burner 24.
- the first heating means for forming the high temperature gas phase part in addition to the oxyfuel burner 24, a multi-layer composed of a pair of electrodes 34, 34 that generate the thermal plasma P is generated.
- the phase arc plasma generator 36 may be provided so as to penetrate the ceiling wall 18 of the molten layer 12.
- the gas phase portion is composed of an arc plasma generation region and a high temperature portion in the vicinity thereof.
- the temperature of the flame F and the thermal plasma P is such that gas generated by rapidly decomposing decomposable compounds (such as carbonates) contained in the glass raw material particles is quickly diffused (hereinafter referred to as gasified gas diffusion). ),
- gasified gas diffusion gas generated by rapidly decomposing decomposable compounds (such as carbonates) contained in the glass raw material particles is quickly diffused (hereinafter referred to as gasified gas diffusion).
- gasified gas diffusion gas generated by rapidly decomposing decomposable compounds contained in the glass raw material particles is quickly diffused.
- it is preferably set to 1600 ° C. or higher which is higher than the melting temperature of silica sand.
- the glass raw material particles dropped into the furnace are quickly gasified and dissipated by the flame F and the thermal plasma P, and are melted by being heated at high temperature to become liquid glass particles.
- the glass melt G formed by collecting liquid glass particles is continuously heated by the flame F, the thermal plasma P, and the radiant heat from the furnace wall.
- particles 30 drawn inside or below the flame F indicate particles or liquid glass particles in the middle of the glass raw material particles becoming liquid glass particles. Since the glass raw material particles are considered to quickly become liquid glass particles in the flame F, these particles are also referred to as liquid glass particles 30 hereinafter.
- the liquid glass particles 30 deposited on the glass melt G surface in the melting tank 12 are further heated by a heating device (second heating means) 38 installed in the melting tank 12.
- a heating device second heating means 38 installed in the melting tank 12.
- defoaming of the liquid glass particles 30 and the glass melt G that have been deposited on the glass melt surface of the glass melt G is promoted.
- the center temperature is about 2000 ° C. in the case of oxyfuel combustion, and in the case of the thermal plasma P, it is 5000 to 20000 ° C.
- the average particle diameter (weight average) of the glass raw material particles is preferably 30 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- glass raw material particles having an average particle diameter (weight average) in the range of 50 to 500 ⁇ m are used, and glass raw material particles in the range of 70 to 300 ⁇ m are more preferable.
- the average particle size (weight average) of the liquid glass particles in which the glass material particles are melted is usually about 80% of the average particle size of the glass material particles in many cases.
- the heating device 38 as the second heating means is composed of a plurality of pairs of electrodes 40, 40 disposed so as to penetrate the side wall of the melting tank 12.
- These electrodes 40, 40 are configured in a rod shape and are installed so as to be substantially horizontal at the same height in the melting tank 12, and heat the melt upper layer G 1 of the glass melt G stored in the melting tank 12.
- the electrode 40 include heat-resistant electrodes such as molybdenum, platinum, and tin oxide.
- the melt upper layer G1 of the glass melt G represents a layer at a position within 1/3 of the height of the melt from the bottom of the furnace (or the depth of the melt).
- the glass raw material particles are dropped from the oxyfuel combustion burner 24, and the glass raw material particles are heated and melted by the flame F and the thermal plasma P of the oxyfuel combustion burner 2.
- the glass melt upper layer G1 is heated by the electrodes 40, 40 of the heating device 38 provided in the melting tank 12.
- the position of the heating device 38 is provided at a position where the upper layer of the melt surface is heated.
- the liquid glass particles 30, 30... Deposited on the melt surface of the glass melt G (the upper layer of the glass melt G) and the air generated in the glass melt G and bubbles of dissolved gas are generated.
- the bubbles are smoothly discharged from the liquid glass particles 30, 30...
- the glass melting furnace of the embodiment of the present invention it is possible to smoothly promote defoaming of the liquid glass particles 30 and the glass melt G that have landed on the melt surface of the glass melt G. As a result, high quality molten glass can be produced. Further, even if a large amount of glass raw material particles are added, the unheated glass raw material particles are not further laminated due to the high heat of the heating device 38, so that it is several tens tons / day or more and several hundred tons / day or more. Suitable for large-scale melting furnaces suitable for glassware production.
- the defoaming of the liquid glass particles 30 and the glass melt G that have landed on the melt surface of the glass melt G in the melting tank 12 is promoted.
- the defoaming tank 16 can be eliminated.
- the glass melt G may be directly supplied from the melting tank 12 to the forming apparatus via a temperature adjusting tank for temperature adjustment or a conveying path such as a throat.
- an applied voltage or the like for heating the glass melt G is set so that the viscosity of the melt surface of the glass melt G in the melting tank 12 is 30 Pa ⁇ sec or less. If the viscosity is 30 Pa ⁇ sec or less, it is effective in promoting defoaming of the liquid glass particles 30, 30. This is because when the viscosity is 30 Pa ⁇ sec or less, bubbles are likely to rise from the upper layer of the glass melt and bubbles are less likely to remain between the liquid glass particles. Specifically, in the air melting method, it is assumed that liquid glass particles are deposited at 1 to 3 mm / min.
- the viscosity can be set to a value larger than the value calculated from the deposition rate, because the bubbles that have floated due to the fall of the liquid glass particles are likely to break. Considering this, it is sufficient that the bubbles with a diameter of about 0.3 mm are heated so that the viscosity is 30 Pa ⁇ sec or less, and the bubbles can be sufficiently reduced. Therefore, it is more preferable if it is heated so that the viscosity is 10 Pa ⁇ sec or less. Moreover, it is more preferable if it is heated so that the viscosity is 3 Pa ⁇ sec or less.
- the viscosity varies depending on the glass composition, for example, in the case of soda lime glass, it is preferable to heat the molten glass to about 1450 ° C. by the heating device 38. More preferably, the molten glass is heated to about 1500 ° C. by the heating device 38. More preferably, the molten glass is heated to 1550 ° C. by the heating device 38.
- the heating part of the heating device 38 that is, the electrodes 40 and 40 are installed so that the upper end part thereof is located within 20 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G. If the installation position is within 20 cm, the electrodes 40, 40 are not too far from the melt surface of the glass melt G, and the liquid glass particles 30, 30. It is preferable because the upper layer of the melt G can be sufficiently heated, and defoaming is promoted smoothly. If the installation position exceeds 20 cm below the melt surface, bubbles may be taken into the downward convection generated in the glass melt G, and may not float. If the installation position is within 15 cm, the glass melt G is closer to the melt surface of the glass melt G. Therefore, the liquid glass particles 30, 30...
- the installation position is within 10 cm, it is closer to the melt surface of the glass melt G, so that the liquid glass particles 30, 30... Deposited on the melt surface of the glass melt G can be further directly heated. Further, the liquid glass particles 30 that have landed on the melt surface of the glass melt G and the defoaming of the glass melt G are more smoothly promoted, which is further preferable. If the installation position is within 5 cm, it is closer to the melt surface of the glass melt G, so that the liquid glass particles 30, 30... Deposited on the melt surface of the glass melt G can be further directly heated.
- the liquid glass particles 30 and the glass melt G that have been deposited on the melt surface of the glass melt G can be smoothly defoamed.
- the upper end portion of the heating unit described above means the upper end surface of the upper end portion of the part where the heating is actually performed in the case of an electrode for current heating, and if it is a heating element using a mesh plate to be described later In the case of a heating element using the upper surface of the mesh plate or a combustion tube described later, it means the upper surface of the combustion tube.
- the heating device as the second heating means When the heating device as the second heating means is installed, when the heating device is an electrode that is easily oxidized, it is necessary to prevent the upper end portion from coming out of the melt. This is because when the electrode is exposed to the atmosphere in the furnace, it is oxidized and its life is shortened. Furthermore, it is preferable to install the lower end portions of the electrodes 40, 40 of the heating device 38 so as to be located below 50 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G. If the installation position of the lower ends of the electrodes 40, 40 is less than 50 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G, the entire electrode is not too far from the melt upper layer, and the melt upper layer can be heated sufficiently. it can.
- the entire electrode is closer to the melt upper layer, which is preferable for further promoting defoaming. Furthermore, if the installation position of the lower end part of the electrodes 40, 40 is 20 cm or less below the melt surface of the glass melt G, the entire electrode is further closer to the melt upper layer, which is preferable for further promoting defoaming. .
- the lower end portion of the heating unit described above means the lower end surface of the lower end portion of the portion where the heating actually occurs in the case of an electrode for current heating, and if it is a heating element using a mesh plate to be described later In the case of a heating element using the lower surface of the mesh plate or a combustion tube described later, it means the lower surface of the combustion tube.
- FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a heating device 44 which is the second heating means according to the second embodiment.
- the heating section of the heating device 44 shown in the figure that is, the electrodes 46 and 46 are formed in a plate shape and are installed so as to be substantially horizontal at the same height position of the melting tank 12.
- the electrodes 46 and 46 are installed so that the upper end surface of the upper end portion thereof is located within 15 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G.
- Other specifications heat temperature, etc. are the same as those of the heating device 38 shown in FIG. Therefore, also in the heating apparatus 44 of FIG. 3, the same effect as the heating apparatus 38 shown in FIG. 2 can be acquired.
- FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a heating device 48 which is the second heating means according to the third embodiment.
- the electrodes 50 and 50 of the heating device 48 shown in the figure that is, the heating part is formed in a rod shape, and is inserted through the furnace bottom part 13 of the melting tank 12 while being inclined upward, and its upper end part 51, 51 is installed so as to be substantially horizontal at the same height position of the melting tank 12.
- the electrodes 50 and 50 are actually energized and heated so that the tip surface of the tip of the electrode that actually contributes to energization heating is located within 15 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G. It is installed so that the lower end of the lower end portion of the leading end portion that contributes is located below 50 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt.
- Other specifications are the same as those of the heating device 38 shown in FIG.
- the same effect as the heating devices 38 and 44 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be obtained. Further, even when the electrodes 50 and 50 are installed so that the upper end surfaces of the upper ends of the electrodes 50 and 50 are located within 20 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G, the defoaming of the glass melt G is promoted. It was done smoothly.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a heating device 52 which is the second heating means according to the fourth embodiment.
- the heating part of the heating device 52 shown in the figure that is, the electrodes 54 and 54 are formed in a bar shape and are inserted through the side wall 19 of the melting tank 12 while being inclined downward. Further, the front end portions of the electrodes 54, 54, that is, the lower end portions 55, 55 are immersed in the glass melt G and installed so as to be substantially horizontal at the same height position of the melting tank 12. As shown in the drawing, the electrodes 54, 54 have their tips at the lower end of the heating unit, and the upper part of the electrode in contact with the molten glass is the upper end of the heating unit.
- the upper end of the heating part is located within 15 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G, and the lower end of the tip of the heating part is located below 50 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt.
- Other specifications heatating temperature, etc.
- the heating device 52 of FIG. 5 can achieve the same effects as those of the heating devices 38, 44, and 48 shown in FIGS.
- the electrodes 54 and 54 are installed so that the upper end surface of the upper end portion of the electrodes 54 and 54 is located within 20 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G, the defoaming of the glass melt G is promoted. It was done smoothly.
- the heating devices 38, 44, 48, and 52 which are the second heating means described above, are energization heating means for energizing the glass melt G to heat the glass melt G.
- a water-cooled holder is required to hold the electrodes 40, 46, 50, and 54.
- a molybdenum electrode it sublimates at 600 ° C. or more and wears out. Therefore, a portion that is not glass-sealed needs to be water-cooled. Since water cooling involves heat loss, the temperature at the base of the electrode decreases and the electrical conductivity of the glass melt G decreases, so that the current acts in a direction to concentrate at the tip. For this reason, the arrangement of the electrode 50 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is more preferable as the electrode. Further, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5, if the base portion of the electrode 54 is not brought into contact with the glass melt G, another method is required for material selection or the like. It is also possible to support this.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of the heating device 56 as the second heating means according to the fifth embodiment.
- the heating device 56 includes a mesh plate 58 having many holes as a heating element, that is, a heating unit as shown in FIG.
- the mesh plate 58 By immersing the mesh plate 58 in the glass melt G as shown in FIG.
- the mesh plate 58 itself generates heat to heat the melt upper layer G1 of the glass melt G by heat transfer.
- the mesh plate 58 is installed so as to be substantially parallel to the melt surface of the glass melt G, and has substantially the same area as the horizontal sectional area of the melting tank 12. As described above, according to the heating device 56, the entire area of the melt upper layer G1 can be heated to substantially the same temperature.
- Examples of the mesh plate 58 include a heat-resistant plate made of platinum or the like.
- the mesh plate 58 is installed so as to be located within 15 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G. Further, in this example, the mesh plate 58 may be installed so as to be located within 20 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G.
- FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of the heating device 62 as the second heating means according to the sixth embodiment.
- the heating device 62 includes a plurality of (five in FIG. 9) combustion tubes 64, 64, that is, a heating section, which are formed in a cylindrical shape as a heating element as shown in FIG.
- a heating device 62 is configured by arranging these combustion tubes 64, 64 through the side wall 19 of the melting tank 12 in a horizontal direction and in parallel at a predetermined interval. According to the heating device 62, combustion gas is supplied to the combustion pipes 64, 64 and the combustion gas is burned in the combustion pipes 64, 64, thereby generating heat in the combustion pipes 64, 64.
- the melt upper layer G1 of the glass melt G is heated by this heat.
- An example of the combustion pipe 64 is made of molybdenum disilicide.
- the combustion tubes 64 and 64 are installed so as to be located within 15 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G. Further, in this example, the combustion tubes 64 and 64 may be installed so as to be located within 20 cm below the melt surface of the glass melt G.
- the glass raw material particles of the present invention are clarified for releasing bubbles (clarification) by releasing bubbles during melting, taking in small bubbles and rising as large bubbles, as in the case of conventional glass raw materials.
- An agent may be added.
- a clarifier since the temperature of the gaseous-phase atmosphere which produces
- the present invention since the present invention has means for heating the upper layer of the melt surface, in order to reduce volatilization of the fining agent contained in the glass raw material particles in the gas phase atmosphere, the glass raw material particles are converted into liquid glass particles.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the glass product manufacturing method of the embodiment.
- the glass melt G melted in the melting tank 12 of FIGS. 1 to 9 is sent to a molding means through a discharge port and a conduit structure (not shown) and molded (molding process).
- the glass after molding is slowly cooled by a slow cooling means (gradual cooling process) so that no residual stress remains in the solidified glass after molding (further cooling process), and further cut (cutting process) as necessary. After that, it becomes a glass product.
- the glass melt G is formed into a glass ribbon by a forming means, and is slowly cooled by a slow cooling means, then cut to a desired size, and the glass end is polished as necessary.
- Sheet glass products can be obtained by post-processing such as.
- the molten glass produced according to the present invention is not limited in terms of composition as long as it is a molten glass produced by an in-air heating melting method. Therefore, it may be soda lime glass or borosilicate glass. Moreover, the use of the manufactured glass product is not limited to architectural use or vehicle use, and examples include flat panel display use and other various uses.
- SiO 2 39 to 70%
- Al 2 O 3 3 to 25%
- B 2 O 3 1 to 20%
- BaO: 0 to 30% are preferable.
- SiO 2 50 to 75%
- Al 2 O 3 0 to 15%
- oxide-based mass percentage display SiO 2 : 60 to 85%, Al 2 O 3 : 0 to 5 %, B 2 O 3 : 5 to 20%, Na 2 O + K 2 O: 2 to 10%.
- the glass melting furnace and molten glass manufacturing method of the present invention it is possible to smoothly promote defoaming of the liquid glass particles and the glass melt that have landed on the surface of the glass melt. Can be manufactured. Since a high-quality molten glass can be produced in large quantities by the glass melting furnace and the method for producing molten glass of the present invention, a glass product with good quality can be produced over a long period of time.
- the entire contents of the specification, claims, drawings and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-265122 filed on Nov. 20, 2009 are incorporated herein as the disclosure of the present invention. .
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Abstract
Description
ガラス原料粒子が液状ガラス粒子となるときに発生する分解ガス成分は、ガラス原料粒子と液状ガラス粒子がともに小さな粒子であることより、生成する液状ガラス粒子の内部に閉じ込められることなくそのほとんどが液状ガラス粒子外部に放出される。このため、液状ガラス粒子が集積したガラス融液中に泡が生じるおそれは少ない。
一方、各ガラス原料粒子は、構成原料成分がほぼ均一な粒子であり、それから生じる各液状ガラス粒子のガラス組成も相互に均一である。液状ガラス粒子間のガラス組成の相違が少ないことより、多数の液状ガラス粒子が堆積して形成されるガラス融液内に、ガラス組成が異なる部分が生じるおそれは少ない。このため、従来のガラス溶融炉に必要とされていたガラス融液のガラス組成を均質化するための均質化手段が、気中溶融法ではほとんど必要とされない。たとえ少数の液状ガラス粒子が他の大部分の液状ガラス粒子とガラス組成が異なる場合が生じたとしても、液状ガラス粒子は粒径の小さな粒子であることより、ガラス組成が異なる少数の液状ガラス粒子から生じた、ガラス融液中のガラス組成の異質領域は小さく、この異質領域は短時間で容易に均質化して消失する。このように、気中溶融法ではガラス融液の均質化に必要とする熱エネルギーを低減し、均質化に要する時間を短くすることができる。
なお、液状ガラス粒子がガラス融液表面に接触した際に生成する泡としては、発生確率は低いと考えられるが、高温の気相雰囲気で溶融直後の液状ガラス粒子自体に残存した溶存ガス等があった場合に、その溶存ガス等を含む液状ガラス粒子がガラス融液に接触してガラス融液と一体化する直前や直後のその液状ガラス粒子部分に他の液状ガラス粒子が積み重なり、液状ガラス粒子に含まれていた溶存ガス等が閉じ込められて泡となることもある。
上記した記載において、「液状ガラス粒子をガラス溶融炉の底部に集積してガラス融液とし」とは、ガラス溶融炉の底部に集積されたガラス融液面に、液状ガラス粒子をさらに着液させてガラス融液とすることも含み、「ガラス融液を排出する」とは、集積されたガラス融液を連続的に排出することも含む。
本発明のガラス溶融炉において、前記第二の加熱手段は、該加熱手段の加熱部の上端部又は先端部の少なくとも一部が想定した前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方20cm以内、特に下方15cm以内に位置するように設置されていることが好ましい。
本発明のガラス溶融炉において、前記第二の加熱手段は、該加熱手段の加熱部の下端部が想定した前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方50cm未満に位置するように設置されていることが好ましい。
本発明のガラス溶融炉において、前記発熱体は、前記ガラス融液を伝熱により加熱する発熱手段を有することが好ましい。
本発明の溶融ガラスの製造方法において、前記ガラス融液上層の加熱は、加熱部の下端が前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方50cm未満で行われることが好ましい。
図示したガラス溶融炉において、高温の気相部を形成する第一の加熱手段は酸素燃焼バーナからなる。気相部、すなわち気相雰囲気は、酸素燃焼バーナの火炎中及び火炎近傍の高温部から構成される。
気相部にガラス原料粒子を供給するためのガラス原料粒子投入部は酸素燃焼バーナと一体となり、酸素燃焼バーナ出口付近で燃焼ガスを供給する管と酸素を供給する管とガラス原料粒子を供給する管が同軸で構成されている。このガラス原料粒子投入部と酸素燃焼バーナとの組み合わせを、ガラス原料粒子加熱ユニットという。
これにより、ガラス原料粒子加熱ユニット20は、溶融槽12においてガラス融液Gの流れ方向上流側に設置されている。ガラス原料粒子加熱ユニット20の下方位置で液状ガラス粒子の集積により生成されたガラス融液Gは、下流側に流れるに従って均質度を増していく。さらに、溶融ガラスは、所定の温度まで冷却された後、ガラス製品の成形装置に供給される。これらの溶融槽12、排出口14、及び脱泡槽16は周知の耐火煉瓦によって構成されている。また、ガラス原料粒子加熱ユニット20は、溶融槽12のフラットな天井壁18に下向きに天井壁18を貫通して設けられている。このガラス原料粒子加熱ユニット20については後述する。
ガラス原料粒子の平均粒径(重量平均)は30~1000μmが好ましい。より好ましくは、平均粒径(重量平均)が50~500μmの範囲内のガラス原料粒子が使用され、さらに70~300μmの範囲内のガラス原料粒子が好ましい。ガラス原料粒子が溶融した液状ガラス粒子の平均粒径(重量平均)は、通常ガラス原料粒子の平均粒径の80%程度となることが多い。
更にまた、加熱装置38の電極40、40の下端部は、ガラス融液Gの融液面から下方50cm未満に位置するように設置するのが好ましい。電極40、40の下端部の設置位置がガラス融液Gの融液面から下方50cm未満であれば、電極全体が融液上層から離れ過ぎることがなく、融液上層を充分に加熱することができる。電極40、40の下端部の設置位置がガラス融液Gの融液面から下方30cm以下であれば、電極全体がより融液上層に近くなるので、脱泡をより促進させる上で好ましい。更に、電極40、40の下端部の設置位置がガラス融液Gの融液面から下方20cm以下であれば、電極全体が更に融液上層に近くなるので、さらに脱泡を促進させる上で好ましい。上記した加熱部の下端部とは、通電加熱の電極の場合であれば、実際に加熱が起こっている部分の下端部の下端面を意味し、後述するメッシュ板を使用した発熱体であれば、メッシュ板の下面を、また後述する燃焼管を使用した発熱体であれば、燃焼管の下面を意味する。
図10は、実施の形態のガラス製品の製造方法の実施の形態を示したフローチャートである。図10では、ガラス製品の製造方法の構成要素である溶融ガラス製造工程(S1)、及び成形手段による成形工程(S2)、並びに徐冷手段による徐冷工程(S3)に加えて、さらに必要に応じて用いる切断工程、その他後工程(S4)が示されている。
そして、本発明のガラス溶融炉及び溶融ガラスの製造方法により、良質の溶融ガラスを大量に製造できるので、品質のよいガラス製品を長期にわたって生産することができる。
なお、2009年11月20日に出願された日本特許出願2009-265122号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、図面及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の開示として取り入れるものである。
Claims (20)
- ガラス溶融炉内の気相雰囲気中でガラス原料粒子を液状ガラス粒子とし、該液状ガラス粒子をガラス溶融炉の底部に集積してガラス融液とし、該ガラス融液を排出するガラス溶融炉であって、
前記ガラス溶融炉内の上部の炉壁部に下向きに設置されたガラス原料粒子投入部と、
前記ガラス原料粒子投入部下方にガラス原料粒子を液状ガラス粒子とする気相部を形成するための第一の加熱手段と、
前記ガラス融液の上層を加熱する第二の加熱手段と、
前記液状ガラス粒子を集積してガラス融液を形成する炉底部と、
前記ガラス融液を排出する排出部と、
を備えたことを特徴とするガラス溶融炉。 - 前記第二の加熱手段は、該加熱手段の加熱部の上端部が想定した前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方15cm以内に位置するように設置されている請求項1に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記第二の加熱手段は、該加熱手段の加熱部の上端部が想定した前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方20cm以内に位置するように設置されている請求項1に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記第二の加熱手段は、該加熱手段の加熱部の上端部又は先端部の少なくとも一部が想定した前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方15cm以内に位置するように設置されている請求項1に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記第二の加熱手段は、該加熱手段の加熱部の上端部又は先端部の少なくとも一部が想定した前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方20cm以内に位置するように設置されている請求項1に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記第二の加熱手段は、該加熱手段の加熱部の下端部が想定した前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方50cm未満に位置するように設置されている請求項1乃至5に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記第二の加熱手段は、前記ガラス融液に電気を通電する電極を有する通電加熱手段、又は発熱体である請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記発熱体は、前記ガラス融液を伝熱により加熱する発熱手段を有する請求項7に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記発熱体は、板状体であって、該板状体の加熱面が水平方向に配置されている請求項7又は8に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記発熱体は、燃焼ガス管であって、該燃焼管の軸が水平方向に配置されている請求項7又は8に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 前記第一の加熱手段は、酸素燃焼炎を発生させる酸素燃焼バーナ、及び熱プラズマを発生させる一対以上の電極で構成される多相アークプラズマ発生装置のうち少なくとも一方を備える、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶融炉。
- 請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶融炉を用いてガラス原料粒子を液状ガラス粒子にすることを特徴とする溶融ガラスの製造方法。
- ガラス溶融炉内の気相雰囲気中でガラス原料粒子を液状ガラス粒子とし、該液状ガラス粒子をガラス溶融炉の底部に集積してガラス融液とする溶融ガラスの製造方法であって、
前記ガラス原料粒子を、前記ガラス溶融炉内の上部の炉壁部から下向きに供給し、第一の加熱手段により形成された気相部を通過させて液状ガラス粒子とし、
前記液状ガラス粒子を集積してガラス融液を形成し、
前記ガラス融液上層を第二の加熱手段によって加熱することを特徴とする溶融ガラスの製造方法。 - 前記ガラス融液上層の加熱は、加熱部の上端が前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方15cm以内で行われる請求項13に記載の溶融ガラスの製造方法。
- 前記ガラス融液上層の加熱は、加熱部の上端が前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方20cm以内で行われる請求項13に記載の溶融ガラスの製造方法。
- 前記ガラス融液上層の加熱は、加熱部の下端が前記ガラス融液の融液面から下方50cm未満で行われる請求項13乃至15のいずれか一項に記載の溶融ガラスの製造方法。
- 前記ガラス融液上層は、該ガラス融液上層の粘度が30Pa・sec以下となる温度に加熱される請求項13乃至16のいずれか一項に記載の溶融ガラスの製造方法。
- 前記ガラス融液上層は、前記溶融ガラスがソーダライムガラスの場合、該ガラス融液上層が1450℃以上に加熱される請求項13乃至17のいずれか一項に記載の溶融ガラス製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載のガラス溶融炉と、該ガラス溶融炉の前記排出部の下流側に設けられた溶融ガラスを成形する成形手段と、成形後のガラスを徐冷する徐冷手段とを備えたことを特徴とするガラス製品の製造装置。
- 請求項13乃至18のいずれか一項に記載の溶融ガラスの製造方法により溶融ガラスを製造する工程と、該溶融ガラスを成形する工程と、成形後のガラスを徐冷する工程とを含むことを特徴とするガラス製品の製造方法。
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EP10831673.8A EP2502885B1 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-19 | Glass melting furnace, molten glass manufacturing method, glass product manufacturing device, and glass product manufacturing method |
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