WO2011061972A1 - 鋼材の材質判定装置及び鋼材の材質判定方法 - Google Patents
鋼材の材質判定装置及び鋼材の材質判定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011061972A1 WO2011061972A1 PCT/JP2010/062761 JP2010062761W WO2011061972A1 WO 2011061972 A1 WO2011061972 A1 WO 2011061972A1 JP 2010062761 W JP2010062761 W JP 2010062761W WO 2011061972 A1 WO2011061972 A1 WO 2011061972A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/70—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light mechanically excited, e.g. triboluminescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/06—Investigating by removing material, e.g. spark-testing
Definitions
- the present invention discriminates whether a steel material is a steel material made of high-strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added or a steel material made of ordinary steel to which the additive is not added.
- the present invention relates to a steel material judgment device and a steel material judgment method.
- steel materials are steel materials made of high strength steel to which additives for improving the strength of steel are added, or steel materials made of normal steel to which the additives are not added
- an additive for improving the strength of steel there is an additive for improving the strength of steel by enhancing the hardenability and the solid solution effect.
- Specific examples of such additives include V, Cr, Mo, Nb, Cu, and Ni.
- the determination and discrimination methods described above have problems that the determination results and discrimination results depend on the skill of the inspector, so the accuracy of determination and discrimination is not stable, and a skilled inspector is required. .
- a steel material inspection device has been proposed for the purpose of performing the above-described determination stably and accurately (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3482265).
- Japanese Patent No. 3482265 since the steel material inspection apparatus of Japanese Patent No. 3482265 is not intended to stably perform the above-described discrimination with high accuracy, an apparatus capable of stably performing the above-described discrimination with high accuracy still remains. Development of a method is desired.
- the present invention determines whether the steel material is a steel material made of high-strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added or a steel material made of normal steel to which the additive is not added. It is an object of the present invention to provide a steel material judgment device and a steel material judgment method capable of stably and accurately discriminating.
- the present invention relates to an imaging unit that continuously captures a spark generated when rubbing a steel material a plurality of times and generates a plurality of color captured images, and a spark corresponding to the spark from each color captured image generated by the imaging unit.
- Detection that detects a pixel, and detects, from the detected spark pixel, a pixel whose density of any one color component selected from among RGB color components is less than a first density threshold as a low density pixel
- a total number of spark pixels and a total number of low density pixels by calculating the total number of spark pixels and low density pixels for each color captured image detected by the detection means for all color captured images,
- a calculating means for calculating the ratio of the total number of the low density pixels to the total number of pixels, and when the ratio is equal to or greater than a discrimination threshold, the steel material is added with an additive for improving the strength of the steel.
- Discriminating means for determining that the steel material is a steel material made of normal steel to which the additive is not
- RGB means three colors of red (Red), green (Green), and blue (Blue).
- the color component for discrimination is whether the steel material is a steel material made of high strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added or a steel material made of normal steel to which the additive is not added. This is one of the RGB color components selected for discrimination.
- the first density threshold is a threshold for detecting a low density pixel from a spark pixel.
- the threshold for discrimination is whether the steel material is a steel material made of high-strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of the steel is added, or a steel material made of normal steel to which the additive is not added. This is a threshold value for discriminating between.
- the ratio of the total number of low density pixels to the total number of spark pixels (hereinafter referred to as “low density pixel occupation ratio” as appropriate) and the discrimination threshold value.
- the steel is made of high-strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of the steel is added or whether the steel is made of normal steel to which the additive is not added is automatically Discriminate.
- the said discrimination result is not dependent on the skill of the inspector who performs discrimination, and this discrimination can be performed stably.
- the additive for improving the strength of the steel include additives that improve the strength of the steel by increasing the hardenability and the solid solution effect as described above. Specific examples of such additives As V, Cr, Mo, Nb, Cu, Ni.
- the material determination apparatus is a steel material made of high-strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added, or made of normal steel to which the additive is not added. It is possible to accurately discriminate whether it is a steel material.
- the color density of the spark region may be higher than the color density of the spark area having a low color density. For this reason, if the threshold value for binarization is set to a color density lower than the color density of the spark area having a low color density, the pixels constituting the peripheral area having a high color density may be detected as a spark pixel. is there.
- the threshold value for binarization is set to a color density higher than the color density of the peripheral area where the color density is high, there is a possibility that the spark pixels constituting the spark area having a low color density may not be detected as a spark pixel. .
- the detection unit is any one selected from RGB color components that are continuous with each other along each pixel line constituting each color captured image.
- a first process for detecting a spark candidate pixel group composed of pixels in which the density of one color component for detection is equal to or higher than a second density threshold value from each pixel line of each color captured image; and configuring each spark candidate pixel group Detecting the highest density of the color component for detection, and from the pixels constituting each spark candidate pixel group, the density of the color component for detection is less than the highest density and the second density threshold value
- a second process of detecting a pixel that is greater than or equal to the larger third density threshold as a spark pixel is any one selected from RGB color components that are continuous with each other along each pixel line constituting each color captured image.
- the pixel line is a column of pixels connected in a straight line from one end side to the other end side of the captured image in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction of the captured image, and has one pixel in the width direction of the column.
- the color component for detection is one of the RGB color components selected for detecting the spark candidate pixel group from the captured image.
- the second density threshold is a pixel density threshold set for detecting a spark candidate pixel group from a captured image.
- the spark candidate pixel group refers to a group of pixels that may be a spark region.
- the third density threshold is a pixel density threshold set to detect a pixel constituting the spark pixel group from the pixels constituting the spark candidate pixel group.
- the first processing is continuous with each other along the pixel lines constituting each color captured image, and the density of any one of the color components for detection selected from the RGB color components is equal to or higher than the second density threshold value.
- This is a process for detecting a spark candidate pixel group consisting of the pixels from each pixel line of each color captured image.
- the density of the color component for detection is basically the highest in the spark region, the next in the peripheral region, and the lowest in the background region.
- the spark area having the low density is the spark candidate pixel. Leakage from pixels detected as a group can be prevented. Further, by setting the lower limit value that can be taken by the second density threshold to be higher than the density of the detection color component of the pixel having the highest density of the detection color component among the pixels constituting the background area, It can exclude that the pixel to comprise is detected as a pixel which comprises a spark candidate pixel group. However, similar to the color density of the spark region, the density of the color component for detection in the spark region differs between the spark regions.
- the higher the density of the detection color component in the spark region the higher the density of the detection color component in the peripheral region located around the spark region.
- the density of the detection color component in the peripheral area where the density of the detection color component is high is higher than that in the spark area where the density of the detection color component is low.
- the second density threshold value is set between the above upper limit value and the lower limit value, if there is a peripheral area in which the density of the color component for detection is higher than the spark area, the pixels constituting the peripheral area are The peripheral region is detected as a pixel constituting a spark candidate pixel group together with a spark pixel constituting a spark region located in the periphery.
- the second process detects the highest density of the detection color component of the pixels constituting each spark candidate pixel group, and the density of the detection color component is less than the highest density from the pixels constituting each spark candidate pixel group.
- This is a process of detecting a pixel that is present and greater than or equal to the third density threshold greater than the second density threshold as a spark pixel.
- the density of the color component for detection is higher than that in the peripheral region located around the spark region. Therefore, even if a pixel constituting the spark region and a pixel constituting the peripheral region located around the spark region are detected as the spark candidate pixel group as the spark candidate pixel group, detection of the pixels constituting the peripheral region is detected.
- the pixels constituting the peripheral region are detected as the spark pixel. Can be eliminated. That is, this makes it possible to accurately detect the spark pixel from the color captured image.
- an individual third density threshold value can be set for each second process performed for each spark candidate pixel group. For this reason, even if the density of the color component for detection differs between the spark regions constituting each spark candidate pixel group, the density of the color component for detection of the spark region constituting each spark candidate pixel group and the surrounding region are detected.
- a third density threshold value can be set between the density of the color components, and a spark pixel can be accurately detected from the pixels constituting each spark candidate pixel group.
- the present invention supports a spark from an imaging step of continuously capturing a spark generated when rubbing a steel material a plurality of times and generating a plurality of color captured images, and each color captured image generated in the imaging step. Detecting a spark pixel to be detected, and detecting, from the detected spark pixel, a pixel in which the density of any one of the RGB color components is less than the first density threshold as a low density pixel.
- the imaging step is characterized by imaging a spark generated when the steel material is rubbed with a friction member pressed against the steel material with a force of 2.94N or more and 9.8N or less.
- the steel material is a steel material made of high-strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added, or a steel material made of normal steel to which the additive is not added. A certain discrimination can be performed stably. Further, when the pressing force is 9.8 N or less, the steel material can be rubbed without giving a deep scratch to the steel material. For this reason, according to the preferable method described above, the above-described discrimination can be performed stably and accurately without giving a deep scratch to the steel material.
- the present invention stably determines whether a steel material is a steel material made of high strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added or a steel material made of normal steel to which the additive is not added. It is possible to provide a steel material judgment device and a steel material judgment method that can be well distinguished.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a steel material quality determination apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a color captured image captured by the imaging unit.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the density distribution of the detection color component of the pixel line X.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing low-density pixel occupancy rates of sparks generated when a steel material made of high-strength steel and a steel material made of normal steel are rubbed, respectively.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressing force of the grinder against the steel material, the number of sparks generated, and the depth of scratches on the steel material.
- high-strength steel to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added by a steel material determination device (hereinafter referred to as “material determination device”) of the present embodiment is added.
- material determination device to which an additive for improving the strength of steel is added by a steel material determination device (hereinafter referred to as “material determination device”) of the present embodiment is added. Discriminating between steel materials made of high-strength steel) and steel materials made of normal steel to which the additive is not added (hereinafter simply referred to as “normal steel”) will be described. .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the material judgment device of the present embodiment.
- the material determination device 1 includes an imaging unit 11.
- a friction member (grinder 17 in this embodiment) is pressed against the steel material 18, and the imaging unit 11 continuously images the spark 19 generated from the steel material 18 by friction a plurality of times, and generates a plurality of color captured images.
- the force with which the grinder 17 is pressed against the steel material 18 is 2.94N or more and 9.8N or less.
- the peripheral speed of the grindstone of the grinder 17 is 30 m / sec.
- the exposure time of the imaging means 11 is 4 msec, and the imaging means 11 continuously images the spark 19 200 times at intervals of 5 msec during 1 sec.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the color image 2 taken by the image pickup means 11.
- the color captured image 2 is configured by arranging M pixel lines in which N pixels are arranged in the horizontal direction in FIG. 2 in the vertical direction in FIG.
- spark regions 21, 22, 23 composed of spark pixels corresponding to the spark 19
- peripheral regions 21 ′, 22 ′, 23 ′ located around the spark regions 21, 22, 23.
- the spark regions 21, 22, 23 are represented in black
- the peripheral regions 21 ′, 22 ′, 23 ′ are represented in gray
- the background region 20 is represented in white.
- the imaging unit 11 inputs the generated color captured image 2 to the detection unit 12.
- the detection unit 12 When the color captured image 2 is input from the imaging unit 11, the detection unit 12 performs the first process. In the first process, any one of the detection color components selected from the RGB color components that are continuous with each other along the pixel lines from the pixel lines constituting each input color image. This is a process for detecting a spark candidate pixel group consisting of pixels having a density equal to or higher than the second density threshold. As the color component for detection, it is desirable to select the component with the highest density from the RGB color components of the spark 19. If the density is high, the difference between the density of the spark region and the density of the background region becomes large, so that it is easy to detect a spark candidate pixel group and a spark pixel that are subsequently performed. In the present embodiment, the R color component having the highest density is employed as the color component for detection in each spark region.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the density distribution of the detection color component (R color component) of the pixel line X in FIG.
- spark regions 21, 22, 23, peripheral regions 21 ′, 22 ′, 23 ′ and a background region 20 exist on the pixel line X.
- the peripheral areas 21 ′, 22 ′ where the spark areas 21, 22, 23 are located around the respective spark areas 21, 22, 23. , 23 ′, and the background region 20 is lower than any spark region 21, 22, 23 and any peripheral region 21 ′, 22 ′, 23 ′.
- the density of the color component for detection in the spark regions 21, 22, 23 differs between the spark regions.
- the pixel X0, the pixel X2 existing on the right side of the pixel X0 in the figure, and the pixel located between these pixels are pixels constituting the peripheral region 21 '.
- the pixel X3 present on the right side of the pixel line X from the pixel X2, the pixel X6 present on the right side of the pixel line X from the pixel X3, and the pixel located therebetween also constitute the peripheral region 21 ′.
- Pixel. A pixel (not including the pixel X2 and the pixel X3) located between the pixel X2 and the pixel X3 is a pixel constituting the spark region 21.
- the detection unit 12 first starts with pixels that form the pixel line X from pixels close to the end of one side of the pixel line X (the left side in FIG. 3 in the present embodiment). In turn, it is determined whether the density of the color component for detection is equal to or higher than the second density threshold TH2.
- the second density threshold value TH2 is equal to or lower than the lowest density among the densities of the detection color components of the spark pixels constituting the spark areas 21, 22, and 23, and each of the background areas 20 is constituted. The density is higher than the highest density among the density of the color component for detection of the pixel.
- the second density threshold TH2 As a method for setting the second density threshold TH2 to a density within the above range, for example, in the color imaged image 2 captured by the imaging unit 11 when no spark is generated, the pixel having the highest density is selected. For example, a method of setting a density slightly higher than the density of the color component for detection as the second density threshold value can be given.
- the pixel line X is located at the end on one side.
- the near pixel is the pixel X1 existing between the pixel X0 and the pixel X2.
- the detection means 12 first detects the pixel X1 as a pixel whose density of the color component for detection is equal to or higher than the second density threshold TH2.
- the detection means 12 recognizes the pixel X1 detected first as a start point pixel which is a pixel from which detection of a spark candidate pixel group is started.
- the detection unit 12 increases the density of the detection color component from the pixel closer to the start point pixel X1 to the second density of the pixels existing on the other side of the pixel line X from the start point pixel X1. It is determined whether or not the threshold value is less than TH2. As shown in FIG. 3, on the other side of the pixel line X from the start point pixel X1, the pixel closest to the start point pixel X1 among the pixels whose detection color component density is less than the second density threshold TH2 is the pixel This is a pixel X5 located between X3 and the pixel X6.
- the detection means 12 first detects the pixel X5 as a pixel whose density of the color component for detection is less than the second density threshold TH2.
- the detection unit 12 identifies the pixel X4 adjacent to the pixel X5 on one side of the pixel line X of the detected pixel X5 as an end point pixel that is a pixel for which detection of the spark candidate pixel group is finished.
- the detection means 12 detects a pixel group composed of the start point pixel X1, the end point pixel X4, and the respective pixels positioned between them as a spark candidate pixel group 31 (see FIG. 3).
- the second density threshold TH2 is set to the above size, it can be excluded that the pixels constituting the background area are detected as the pixels constituting the spark candidate pixel group, and the low density spark pixels are the spark candidate pixels. Leakage from pixels detected as a group can be prevented.
- the detecting unit 12 recognizes the start point pixel and the end point pixel from the pixels existing on the other side of the pixel line X from the end point pixel X4, and detects other spark candidate pixel groups. To do.
- the detection means 12 includes the spark candidate pixel group 32 composed of the pixels constituting the spark region 22 and the pixels constituting the peripheral region 22 ′, and the pixels constituting the spark region 23 and the surroundings. It is assumed that a spark candidate pixel group 33 composed of pixels constituting the region 23 ′ is detected.
- the detection unit 12 performs the second process on the detected all spark candidate pixel group.
- the second process is performed for each spark candidate pixel group.
- the second process is a process for detecting a spark pixel from the pixels constituting each spark candidate pixel group.
- the detection means 12 has a third density threshold that is less than the maximum density Cmax1 of the detection color components of the pixels constituting the spark candidate pixel group 31 and that is equal to or greater than the second density threshold TH2.
- the pixels constituting the spark candidate pixel group 31 are binarized by the value TH3.
- the detecting means 12 detects a pixel whose density of the color component for detection is greater than or equal to the third density threshold TH3 as a spark pixel.
- the third density threshold value TH3 is higher than the highest density among the densities of the color components for detection possessed by each pixel constituting the peripheral area 21 ′, and each spark pixel constituting the spark area 21 has.
- the density is set to be equal to or lower than the lowest density of the color components for detection. For this reason, it is excluded that the pixels constituting the peripheral region 21 ′ are included in the pixels detected as the spark pixels by the second process, and the spark pixels can be detected with high accuracy.
- the third threshold value TH3 can be calculated as follows.
- the ratio of the lowest density among the densities of the color components for detection possessed by each spark pixel constituting the spark area with respect to the highest density is acquired in advance by examining the sample, and a value slightly lower than the acquired ratio is stored in the detection means 12. Then, the detection means 12 multiplies the value stored in the maximum density by the third threshold value TH3 and calculates.
- an individual third density threshold value can be set for each second process performed for each spark candidate pixel group.
- the third density threshold is set in the above range. The spark pixel can be detected from each spark candidate pixel group.
- the detection means 12 Upon completion of the second process, the detection means 12 has a density of any one of the color components for discrimination selected from among the RGB color components from the spark pixel detected by the second process is less than the first density threshold. Low density pixels are detected.
- selecting the color component for discrimination it is desirable to examine in advance the width of the low density region in each of the RGB color components for each additive for increasing the strength of the steel, and select the component with the widest low density region.
- the concentration of the color component for detection of the spark pixel of the high strength steel and the normal steel is investigated, and the first density threshold is a steel material in which the steel material 18 is made of high strength steel according to the low density pixel occupation rate described later. It is determined so that it is determined whether the steel material is made of normal steel.
- the calculating means 13 calculates the total number of each of the spark pixels and the low density pixels detected by the detecting means 12. Then, the calculation means 13 calculates a ratio of the calculated total number of low density pixels to the calculated total number of spark pixels (low density pixel occupation ratio).
- the discrimination means 14 determines that the steel material 18 is a steel material made of high-strength steel when the low density pixel occupancy calculated by the calculation means 13 is equal to or greater than the discrimination threshold, and the low density pixel occupancy is for discrimination. When it is less than the threshold value, it is determined that the steel material 18 is.
- the spark generated when rubbing high-strength steel has a larger proportion of the low-concentration portion relative to the entire spark than the spark generated when rubbing normal steel. For this reason, when the spark generated when rubbing high strength steel is compared with the spark generated when rubbing normal steel, the low density pixel occupancy is larger in the spark generated when rubbing high strength steel. .
- the low density pixel occupancy rate of the discrimination color component of the spark pixels of the high strength steel and the normal steel is investigated, and the threshold for discrimination is the steel material 18 made of high strength steel or the normal steel. It is determined so that it is determined whether it is a steel material. Therefore, according to the material determination apparatus 1, it can be discriminated whether the steel material 18 is a steel material made of high-strength steel or a steel material made of normal steel.
- FIG. 4 shows the low-density pixel occupancy ratio of the high-strength steel made and the normal steel to which the additive is not added.
- FIG. 4 shows the low-density pixel occupancy ratio of each spark generated when each of the six steel materials made of high-strength steel is rubbed and each spark generated when each of the three steel materials made of normal steel is rubbed.
- the additive is V
- the color component for discrimination is preferably B color.
- low density pixel occupation ratio of the B color component is a ratio of low density pixels in which the density of the B color component is lower than a predetermined value with respect to the total number of spark pixels (hereinafter referred to as “low density pixel occupation ratio of the B color component”). As shown in FIG. 4, when a spark generated when rubbing a steel material made of high-strength steel and a spark produced when rubbing a steel material made of normal steel are compared, when the steel material made of high-strength steel is rubbed, The resulting spark has a higher density of low density pixels in the B color component.
- the material determination device 1 adds the steel material to increase the strength of the steel based on the low density pixel occupation rate of the B color component and the threshold value for discrimination. It can be discriminated whether it is a steel material made of high strength steel to which an additive is added or a steel material made of normal steel to which the additive is not added.
- the material determination device 1 whether the steel material is made of high-strength steel or steel is automatically selected based on the magnitude relationship between the low-density pixel occupation ratio and the threshold value for discrimination. Discriminate. For this reason, according to the material determination apparatus 1, the said discrimination result does not depend on an inspector's skill, and this discrimination can be performed stably.
- the discrimination means 14 displays the discrimination result on the result display means 15 such as a monitor or the storage means 16 such as a hard disk or a memory.
- the force with which the grinder 17 is pressed against the steel material 18 is 2.94N or more and 9.8N or less. If the force with which the grinder 17 is pressed against the steel material 18 is 2.94 N or more, the number of sparks generated is stabilized as shown in FIG. For this reason, by making the force with which the grinder 17 is pressed against the steel material 18 within the above range, it is possible to stably discriminate whether the steel material is a steel material made of normal steel or a steel material made of high-strength steel. Moreover, if the force pressed is 9.8 N or less, as shown in FIG. 5, the steel material 18 can be rubbed without giving the steel material 18 a deep flaw. For this reason, by making the force with which the grinder 17 is pressed against the steel material 18 within the above range, the above-mentioned discrimination can be performed stably and accurately without giving a deep scratch to the steel material 18.
- the R color component having the highest density in the spark region is used as the detection color component.
- the possibility that the range that can be taken by the spark region and the surrounding region or another region overlaps in the concentration of the detection color component is reduced. ing.
- the first process it can be more reliably excluded that pixels in other regions are detected as the pixels constituting the spark candidate pixel group, and in the second process, the pixels constituting the peripheral region are used as the spark pixels. It is possible to more reliably eliminate detection.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、上述した判定や弁別の方法は、判定結果や弁別結果が検査員の技量に依存するため、判定や弁別の精度が安定せず、また、熟練した検査員が必要であるという問題がある。
弁別用色成分とは、鋼材が鋼の強度を向上させるための添加剤が添加された高強度鋼からなる鋼材であるか、前記添加剤の添加されていない通常鋼からなる鋼材であるかを弁別するために選択されたRGB各色成分の中の一成分である。
第1濃度しきい値とは、火花画素から低濃度画素を検出するためのしきい値である。
弁別用しきい値とは、鋼材が鋼の強度を向上させるための添加剤が添加された高強度鋼からなる鋼材であるか、前記添加剤の添加されていない通常鋼からなる鋼材であるかを弁別するためしきい値である。
上述のように、本発明に係る材質判定装置によれば、火花画素の総数に対する低濃度画素の総数の割合(以下、適宜、「低濃度画素占有率」という。)と弁別用しきい値との大小関係に基づいて、鋼材が鋼の強度を向上させるための添加剤が添加された高強度鋼からなる鋼材であるか前記添加剤が添加されていない通常鋼からなる鋼材であるかが自動的に弁別される。このため、本発明に係る材質判定装置によれば、前記の弁別結果が弁別を行う検査員の技量に依存せず、該弁別を安定的に行うことができる。尚、鋼の強度を向上させるための添加剤としては、上述のように、焼入れ性や固溶体効果を高めること等によって鋼の強度を向上させる添加剤が挙げられ、このような添加剤の具体例として、V、Cr、Mo、Nb、Cu、Niが挙げられる。
検出用色成分とは、火花候補画素群を撮像画像から検出するために選ばれたRGB各色成分の中の一成分である。
第2濃度しきい値とは、火花候補画素群を撮像画像から検出するために設定された画素の濃度のしきい値をいう。
火花候補画素群とは、火花領域である可能性のある画素の群れをいう。
第3濃度しきい値とは、火花候補画素群を構成する画素から火花画素群を構成する画素を検出するために設定された画素の濃度のしきい値をいう。
第1処理は、各カラー撮像画像を構成する画素ラインに沿って互いに連続し、且つ、RGB各色成分の中から選択された何れか1つの検出用色成分の濃度が第2濃度しきい値以上である画素からなる火花候補画素群を各カラー撮像画像の各画素ラインから検出する処理である。検出用色成分の濃度は、基本的には、火花領域が最も高く、次に周辺領域が高く、背景領域が最も低い。
Claims (4)
- 鋼材を摩擦した際に生じる火花を連続的に複数回撮像し、複数のカラー撮像画像を生成する撮像手段と、
前記撮像手段が生成した各カラー撮像画像から、火花に対応する火花画素を検出すると共に、該検出した火花画素から、RGB各色成分の中から選択された何れか1つの弁別用色成分の濃度が第1濃度しきい値未満の画素を低濃度画素として検出する検出手段と、
前記検出手段が検出した各カラー撮像画像についての火花画素及び低濃度画素の数をそれぞれ全カラー撮像画像について合計して火花画素の総数と低濃度画素の総数とを算出し、前記火花画素の総数に対する前記低濃度画素の総数の割合を算出する算出手段と、
前記割合が弁別用しきい値以上である場合、前記鋼材が鋼の強度を向上させるための添加剤が添加された高強度鋼からなる鋼材であると判定し、前記割合が前記弁別用しきい値未満である場合、前記鋼材が前記添加剤の添加されていない通常鋼からなる鋼材であると判定する弁別手段とを備えることを特徴とする鋼材の材質判定装置。 - 前記検出手段は、
前記各カラー撮像画像を構成する各画素ラインに沿って互いに連続し、且つ、RGB各色成分の中から選択された何れか1つの検出用色成分の濃度が第2濃度しきい値以上である画素からなる火花候補画素群を前記各カラー撮像画像の各画素ラインから検出する第1処理と、
前記各火花候補画素群を構成する画素の前記検出用色成分の最高濃度を検出し、前記各火花候補画素群を構成する画素から、前記検出用色成分の濃度が、前記最高濃度未満であり且つ前記第2濃度しきい値より大きい第3濃度しきい値以上である画素を火花画素として検出する第2処理とを行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋼材の材質判定装置。 - 鋼材を摩擦した際に生じる火花を連続的に複数回撮像し、複数のカラー撮像画像を生成する撮像ステップと、
前記撮像ステップにおいて生成した各カラー撮像画像から、火花に対応する火花画素を検出すると共に、該検出した火花画素から、RGB各色成分の中から選択された何れか1つの弁別用色成分の濃度が第1濃度しきい値未満の画素を低濃度画素として検出する検出ステップと、
検出ステップにおいて検出した各カラー撮像画像についての火花画素及び低濃度画素の数をそれぞれ全カラー撮像画像について合計して火花画素の総数と低濃度画素の総数とを算出し、前記火花画素の総数に対する前記低濃度画素の総数の割合を算出する算出ステップと、
前記割合が弁別用しきい値以上である場合、前記鋼材が鋼の強度を向上させるための添加剤が添加された高強度鋼からなる鋼材であると判定し、前記割合が前記弁別用しきい値未満である場合、前記鋼材が前記添加剤の添加されていない通常鋼からなる鋼材であると判定する弁別ステップとを含むことを特徴とする鋼材の材質判定方法。 - 前記撮像ステップは、2.94N以上9.8N以下の力で前記鋼材に押し付けられた摩擦部材で前記鋼材を摩擦した際に生じる火花を撮像することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の鋼材の材質判定方法。
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BR112012007500A BR112012007500A2 (pt) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-07-29 | aparelho e método para determinar tipo de material de aço |
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