WO2011052122A1 - 非水電解質二次電池用集電体、電極、及び非水電解質二次電池、並びにその製造方法 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池用集電体、電極、及び非水電解質二次電池、並びにその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011052122A1 WO2011052122A1 PCT/JP2010/005139 JP2010005139W WO2011052122A1 WO 2011052122 A1 WO2011052122 A1 WO 2011052122A1 JP 2010005139 W JP2010005139 W JP 2010005139W WO 2011052122 A1 WO2011052122 A1 WO 2011052122A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/654—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6553—Terminals or leads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/74—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/74—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal
- H01M4/742—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal perforated material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery typified by a lithium ion secondary battery, and more particularly to an improvement of a current collector and an electrode for improving cycle characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- lithium ion secondary batteries have been widely used as power sources for portable electronic devices and portable communication devices.
- a material capable of inserting and extracting lithium such as a carbonaceous material, is used for the negative electrode active material.
- a composite oxide (lithium-containing composite oxide) of a transition metal such as LiCoO 2 (lithium cobaltate) and lithium is used as the positive electrode active material.
- electrodes that are power generation elements of a lithium ion secondary battery are manufactured as follows.
- a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material added as necessary are dispersed in a dispersion medium to prepare a mixture paint.
- the prepared mixture paint is applied to one or both sides of the current collector and dried to form an active material layer.
- the current collector on which the active material layer is formed is pressed so that the entire thickness becomes a predetermined thickness.
- the binding force between the active material layer and the current collector is gradually increased. It may be reduced. This is because the active material falls off from the current collector. The decrease in the binding force between the active material layer and the current collector is caused by the expansion and contraction of the active material with repeated charge / discharge.
- Patent Document 1 proposes the following technique. Heat generation of the current collector due to energization is greatest at the lead installation portion (current collection location) where current is concentrated. For this reason, the thickness of the current collector is maximized at a portion close to the current collection location, and the thickness of the current collector is reduced as the distance from the current collection location increases. According to Patent Document 1, this makes it possible to minimize resistance and heat generated in the current collector.
- a metal foil (copper foil, aluminum foil, etc.) having a thickness of about 5 to 15 ⁇ m may be used as a current collector. It is very difficult to process such a metal foil having a very small thickness so as to gradually change the thickness. Therefore, even if the technique of Patent Document 1 is theoretically correct, it can be said that it is actually a technique that is very difficult to put into practical use.
- the present invention suppresses heat generation due to energization, can improve the cycle characteristics of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and is easy to manufacture, and a current collector for such a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode using an electric body, a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention is a current collector for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery,
- the current collector includes a metal foil having a plurality of through holes,
- the metal foil has a current collecting region for supporting an electrode active material, and a connection portion with an external terminal,
- the current collecting region (I) a long-distance region having a large distance from the connection point; and (ii) a short-distance region having the same area as the long-distance region and a short distance from the connection point.
- the present invention includes (a) a step of preparing a metal foil having a current collecting region for supporting an electrode active material and a connection portion with an external terminal, and (b) forming a plurality of through holes in the metal foil. Including the steps of: In the step b, the metal foil is (I) a long-distance region having a large distance from the connection point; and (ii) a short-distance region having the same area as the long-distance region and a short distance from the connection point.
- a method for manufacturing a current collector for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which includes distributing the plurality of through holes so that an aperture ratio of the long-distance region is larger than an aperture ratio of the short-distance region.
- the metal foil has a larger opening ratio in the long-distance region than in the short-distance region.
- the electrical resistance in the short distance region is smaller than the electrical resistance in the long distance region.
- the difference in current density between the long distance area and the short distance area becomes small. Therefore, the difference in the heat generation amount between the long distance region and the short distance region can be reduced, and the heat generation amount due to energization in each part of the current collector can be made uniform.
- the current collector of the present invention is a current collector for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and includes a metal foil having a plurality of through holes.
- the metal foil has a current collecting region for supporting the electrode active material and a connection portion with an external terminal.
- the current collecting area is divided into two areas: (i) a long-distance area having a large distance from the connection place, and (ii) a short-distance area having the same area as the long distance area and a short distance from the connection place.
- the plurality of through holes are distributed so that the aperture ratio in the long-distance region is larger than the aperture ratio in the short-distance region.
- the absolute amount of current is larger in the short distance region than in the long distance region.
- the aperture ratio of the long-distance region is larger than the aperture ratio of the short-distance region, the effective cross-sectional area of the conductive path from each part of the current collection region to the connection point is farther in the short-distance region. It becomes larger than the distance region. Therefore, the difference between the current density in the short distance region and the current density in the long distance region can be reduced. Even when the secondary battery is charged, for the same reason, the difference between the current density in the short-distance region and the current density in the long-distance region can be reduced.
- the current collector of one embodiment of the present invention has a strip shape in which the metal foil has a pair of long end portions and a pair of short end portions, and the connection portion is provided along one of the long end portions. It has been.
- the current collecting area is divided into two so that the boundary between the short distance area and the long distance area is a straight line parallel to the longitudinal end.
- a pair of longitudinal end portions refers to portions along a pair of long sides of a strip-shaped metal foil.
- a pair of short ends refers to a portion along a pair of short sides of a strip-shaped metal foil.
- the current collector according to another aspect of the present invention has a strip shape in which the metal foil has a pair of long end portions and a pair of short end portions, and the connection point is along one of the short end portions. Is provided.
- the current collecting area is divided into two so that the boundary between the short distance area and the long distance area is a straight line parallel to the short edge.
- the metal foil has a strip shape having a pair of long end portions and a pair of short end portions, and the connection points are one and the other of the short end portions. Are provided at positions separated from each other by a predetermined distance. And the current collection area
- the ratio A / B of the aperture ratio A in the short distance region and the aperture ratio B in the long distance region is in the range of 0.1 to 0.8. If A / B is smaller than 0.1, the aperture ratio B in the long-distance region may become too large, and in that case, the strength of the current collector may be reduced. On the other hand, if A / B is greater than 0.8, the difference between A and B is too small, and it may be difficult to eliminate the difference in current density to a sufficient extent.
- the diameter of the plurality of through holes is preferably 0.01 to 5 mm. If the diameter of the through hole exceeds 5 mm, the strength of the current collector may be greatly reduced. On the other hand, if the diameter of the through hole is less than 0.01 mm, the number of through holes required for eliminating the difference in current density to a sufficient extent becomes enormous. Therefore, the amount of work in the process of forming a through hole increases.
- the metal foil has a plurality of through holes distributed so that the aperture ratio increases in proportion to the distance from the connection location.
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery electrode including the current collector for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and an electrode active material supported on one or both sides thereof.
- the electrode active material layers formed on both surfaces of the metal foil are bonded through a plurality of through holes. Thereby, dropping of the electrode active material layer from the current collector can be suppressed.
- the present invention provides an electrode group configured by laminating or winding a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between both electrodes, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and an opening that accommodates the electrode group and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a battery case having a sealing body and a sealing body that seals an opening.
- at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is composed of the electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the present invention includes (a) a step of preparing a metal foil having a current collecting region for supporting an electrode active material and a connection portion with an external terminal, and (b) forming a plurality of through holes in the metal foil.
- the metal foil is divided into (i) a long-distance region having a large distance from the connection point, and (ii) a short-distance region having a small area from the connection point having the same area as the long-distance region. Distributing a plurality of through holes so that the aperture ratio of the long-distance region is larger than the aperture ratio of the short-distance region when the two are divided.
- the through-hole can be formed by at least one selected from the group consisting of pressing, etching, and laser processing.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a current collector for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the current collector 10 in the illustrated example is composed of a strip-shaped metal foil 11. A plurality of through holes 12 are formed in the metal foil 11 in a predetermined arrangement.
- the current collector 10 has an electrode lead (not shown) attached to one end 13 in the width direction. That is, the current collector 10 has one end portion (one of the longitudinal end portions) 13 in the width direction serving as a connection portion with an external terminal where current is concentrated.
- the other part of the current collector 10 is a current collecting region 22 for supporting an active material.
- the band shape refers to a shape having a pair of long end portions and a pair of short end portions.
- the through-hole 12 is formed in the current collection area
- the aperture ratio is a value obtained by dividing the opening area of the through hole 12 in each region by the area of the entire region when the current collecting region 22 is equally divided in the width direction and divided into a predetermined number of regions. Say. At this time, the boundary line of each region is parallel to the longitudinal end portion of the metal foil 11.
- the area closer to the one end portion 13 is made smaller in the total opening area of the through hole 12.
- the through hole 12 is formed in the current collecting region 22 so that the aperture ratio in the region near the one end portion 13 is smaller than the aperture ratio in the region far from the one end portion 13.
- the ratio A / B of the aperture ratio A in the region near the one end 13 to the aperture ratio B in the region far from the one end 13 is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.8.
- the aperture ratio decreases as it approaches the one end portion 13 between the four regions obtained by dividing the current collecting region 22 into four in the width direction of the current collector 10.
- the aperture ratio between the two regions obtained by dividing the current collecting region 22 into two equal parts in the width direction is smaller in the region near the one end portion 13.
- the current collector 10 in the illustrated example has the through-holes 12 in the current collecting region 22 so that the aperture ratio decreases as the width of the current collector 10 approaches the one end 13 in the width direction, which is a connection point with the external terminal. Is formed.
- the electrical resistance is relatively small in the current collecting region 22 in the vicinity of the connection location.
- the electrical resistance is relatively large at a portion away from the connection location.
- the current collector 10 when the current collector 10 is used to form an electrode and the electrode is used to form a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is charged and discharged.
- the difference in current density in each part of the current collecting region 22 can be reduced. Therefore, the difference in the amount of heat generated in each part of the current collector 10 can be reduced.
- the active material can be filled into the through hole 12, even if the thickness of the current collector 10 is slightly increased, the amount of the active material inside the battery is not reduced. Thereby, the emitted-heat amount in the part of the current collection area
- the through holes 12 should be formed so that the current densities of the respective portions of the current collecting region 22 are all equal. Therefore, it is preferable to form the through-hole 12 so that the resistance value of each part of the current collecting region 22 is proportional to the distance from the one end portion 13 that is the connection location.
- the diameter, shape, and area of the through hole 12 are not particularly limited.
- the through holes 12 may all have the same diameter, shape, and area, or the through holes 12 may have different diameters, shapes, and areas.
- the density of the through holes 12 in the current collection region 22 may be constant, and the diameter of the through holes 12 may be increased as the distance from the connection location of the current collection region 22 increases.
- the shape of the through hole 12 is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a triangle, a square, a rectangle, a rhombus, a parallelogram other than these, a trapezoid, and a pentagon or more polygon.
- the through holes 12 are preferably circular or elliptical. The most preferable is a circular shape, which can suppress a decrease in strength of the current collecting region 22.
- the diameter (maximum diameter) of the through hole 12 is preferably 0.01 to 5 mm. If the diameter of the through hole 12 exceeds 5 mm, the strength of the current collector 10 is greatly reduced. On the contrary, if the diameter of the through hole 12 is less than 0.01 mm, the number of the through holes 12 required to obtain a desired effect becomes enormous. Therefore, the work amount in the process of forming the through hole 12 increases. As a result, the manufacturing cost increases. Therefore, by setting the diameter of the through hole 12 to 0.01 to 5 mm, an increase in manufacturing cost of the current collector 10 can be suppressed, and a decrease in strength can be suppressed.
- the thickness D0 of the current collector 10 is preferably larger than that of the current collector that does not include the through hole 12. If the minimum thickness required for the current collector not provided with the through hole 12 is D1, the thickness D0 of the current collector 10 is preferably 120 to 600% of D1.
- the active material can be held in the through-hole 12, so that the battery performance can be prevented from deteriorating.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of the current collector for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the second embodiment. 2, the same elements as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the current collector 10 ⁇ / b> A in the illustrated example is also composed of a strip-shaped metal foil 11, similar to the current collector 10 of FIG. 1, and a plurality of through holes 12 are formed in the metal foil 11.
- the current collector 10A is different from the current collector 10 of FIG. 1 in that an electrode lead (not shown) is connected to one end portion (one of the short end portions) 13A in the longitudinal direction. That is, in the current collector 10A, one end portion 13A in the longitudinal direction is a connection portion with the external terminal.
- the other part of the current collector 10A is a current collection region 22A for carrying the active material.
- the aperture ratio of the current collecting region 22A becomes smaller as it approaches the one end portion 13A that is a connection location. That is, when considering a predetermined number (typically two) of regions in which the current collecting region 22A is equally divided in the longitudinal direction of the current collector 10A, the aperture ratio becomes smaller as the region is closer to the one end portion 13A. ing.
- region is parallel to the short edge part of 10 A of electrical power collectors.
- connection portion is formed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the current collector.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of the current collector for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the third embodiment. 3, the same elements as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the current collector 10B in the illustrated example is also made of a metal foil 11 like the current collector 10 in FIG. 1, and a plurality of through holes 12 are formed in the metal foil 11.
- the current collector 10B is different from the current collector 10 of FIG. 1 in that an electrode lead (not shown) is connected to the intermediate portion 13B in the longitudinal direction. That is, in the current collector 10B, the intermediate portion 13B in the longitudinal direction is a connection location with the external terminal.
- the other part of the current collector 10B is a current collection region 22B for carrying an active material. In the current collector 10B, the current collecting region 22B is divided into two by the intermediate portion 13B.
- each of the current collecting region 22B decreases as it approaches the intermediate portion 13B, which is a connection location. That is, in each of the portions 14A and 14B obtained by equally dividing the current collector 10B into two at the center, each of the current collection regions 22B is equally divided in the longitudinal direction of the current collector 10B. Think of an area. In all of these areas, the aperture ratio is smaller as the area is closer to the intermediate portion 13 ⁇ / b> B that is the connection location. In addition, the boundary line of each area
- the electrode is a positive electrode
- a foil made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy can be used as a material for the positive electrode current collector.
- the thickness can be 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- a positive electrode mixture paint is applied to one or both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector using a die coater, dried, and then rolled by a press until the total thickness reaches a predetermined thickness to produce a positive electrode.
- the positive electrode mixture paint is prepared by mixing and dispersing a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode conductive material, and a positive electrode binder in a dispersion medium using a dispersing machine such as a planetary mixer.
- Examples of the positive electrode active material include lithium cobaltate and modified products thereof (such as lithium cobaltate in which aluminum or magnesium is dissolved), lithium nickelate and modified products thereof (in which a part of nickel is replaced with cobalt). Etc.), lithium-containing transition metal oxides such as lithium manganate and modified products thereof can be used.
- the positive electrode conductive material for example, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, thermal black, and other carbon black, and various graphites can be used alone or in combination.
- the positive electrode binder for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), a modified polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and rubber particles having an acrylate unit can be used.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- rubber particles having an acrylate unit can be used.
- an acrylate monomer or an acrylate oligomer into which a reactive functional group is introduced can be mixed in the binder.
- the electrode is a negative electrode, rolled copper foil, electrolytic copper foil, or the like can be used as a material for the negative electrode current collector.
- the thickness can be 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- a negative electrode mixture paint is applied to one side or both sides of the negative electrode current collector using a die coater, dried, and then rolled to a predetermined thickness by a press to obtain a negative electrode.
- the negative electrode mixture paint is prepared by mixing and dispersing a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode binder, and, if necessary, a negative electrode conductive material and a thickener in a dispersion medium using a disperser such as a planetary mixer.
- carbon materials such as graphite, alloy materials, and the like are preferably used.
- alloy material silicon oxide, silicon, silicon alloy, tin oxide, tin, tin alloy and the like can be used. Of these, silicon oxide is particularly preferable.
- the silicon oxide is represented by the general formula SiO x and desirably has a composition satisfying 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, preferably 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.
- the metal element other than silicon in the silicon alloy is preferably a metal element that does not form an alloy with lithium, such as titanium, copper, or nickel.
- the negative electrode binder various binders including PVdF and modified products thereof can be used. From the viewpoint of improving lithium ion acceptability, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber particles (SBR) and modified products thereof can also be used.
- SBR styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber particles
- a material having viscosity when used as an aqueous solution such as polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can be used, and is not particularly limited.
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the thickness of the active material layer varies depending on the required characteristics of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery to be produced, but is preferably in the range of 5 to 150 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 10 to 120 ⁇ m.
- the active material layer on one side of the current collector and the active material layer on the other side are preferably bonded through the through hole 12.
- the bond strength between the active material layer and the current collector can be increased. Therefore, the active material can be prevented from dropping from the current collector. Therefore, the cycle characteristics of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be improved.
- the through hole 12 it is preferable to fill the through hole 12 with an active material.
- the quantity of the active material which can be accommodated in the battery case of predetermined volume can be enlarged. Therefore, the battery performance of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be improved.
- the through-hole 12 is naturally filled with the active material in the step of pressing the electrode to a predetermined thickness. Therefore, battery performance can be improved without particularly increasing the number of steps.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of such a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the illustrated secondary battery 70 includes a positive electrode 75 in which a positive electrode active material layer is formed on a positive electrode current collector, and a negative electrode 76 in which a negative electrode active material layer is formed on a negative electrode current collector.
- the electrode group 80 is configured by winding the positive electrode 75 and the negative electrode 76 in a spiral shape with a separator 77 interposed therebetween.
- a positive electrode lead 75 a is bonded to the positive electrode 75, and a negative electrode lead 76 a is bonded to the negative electrode 76.
- the electrode group 80 is housed inside a bottomed cylindrical battery case 71 with the insulating plates 78A and 78B arranged on the top and bottom.
- the negative electrode lead 76 a led out from the lower part of the electrode group 80 is connected to the bottom of the battery case 71.
- the positive electrode lead 75 a led out from the upper part of the electrode group 80 is connected to a sealing body 72 that seals the opening of the battery case 71.
- a predetermined amount of non-aqueous electrolyte (not shown) is injected into the battery case 71.
- the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is injected after the electrode group 80 is stored in the battery case 71.
- a sealing body 72 with a sealing gasket 73 attached to the periphery is inserted into the opening of the battery case 71, and the opening of the battery case 71 is crimped so as to be bent inward.
- a lithium ion secondary battery 70 is configured.
- the separator 77 is not particularly limited as long as it is a composition that can be used as a separator for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- a fine through-hole film of an olefin resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene can be used singly or in combination.
- the thickness of the separator 77 is not particularly limited. A preferable thickness of the separator 77 is 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte can use various lithium compounds such as LiPF 6 and LIBF 4 as electrolyte salts. Further, ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC) can be used alone or in combination as a solvent. Further, in order to form a good film on the surface of the positive electrode 75 or the negative electrode 76, or to ensure stability during overcharge, vinylene carbonate (VC), cyclohexylbenzene (CHB), and a modified product thereof are used as a non-aqueous electrolyte. It is also preferable to add to.
- VC vinylene carbonate
- CHB cyclohexylbenzene
- Example 1 A lithium ion secondary battery was produced as follows. (Preparation of positive electrode) As a material for the positive electrode current collector, an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, a width of 50 mm, and a length of 600 mm was prepared. The intermediate part of the positive electrode current collector was used as a connection point with an external terminal, and a plurality of through holes were formed in the positive electrode current collector in the manner shown in FIG. The shape of the through hole was circular and the diameter was 2 mm.
- the aperture ratio becomes smaller as the region is closer to the intermediate portion.
- a through hole was formed in the positive electrode current collector. That is, the aperture ratio of the nearest region adjacent to the intermediate portion was 10%, and the aperture ratio of the farthest region adjacent to the one end portion was 60%. And the aperture ratio of four area
- the aperture ratio is smaller as the region is closer to the intermediate portion.
- a through hole was formed in the positive electrode current collector. That is, the aperture ratio of the nearest region adjacent to the intermediate portion was 10%, and the aperture ratio of the farthest region adjacent to the one end portion was 60%. And the aperture ratio of four area
- a positive electrode was produced using the positive electrode current collector processed as described above.
- a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by a composition of LiNi 0.85 Co 0.12 Al 0.03 O 2 having an average particle diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m was used as the positive electrode active material.
- a positive electrode active material ink was prepared by adding 5 parts by mass of a positive electrode active material to 100 parts by mass of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a dispersion medium, and thoroughly stirring and dispersing the mixture.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- PVDF “# 1320 (trade name)” N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution containing 12% by mass of PVDF
- a positive electrode binder ink was prepared by adding 5 parts by mass (solid content) of PVDF to 100 parts by mass of NMP, and sufficiently stirring and mixing them.
- acetylene black having an average particle diameter of 50 nm was used as the conductive material.
- a conductive material ink was prepared by sufficiently stirring and mixing 5 parts by mass of acetylene black with respect to 100 parts by mass of NMP.
- the obtained positive electrode active material ink, positive electrode binder ink, and conductive material ink were applied to the surface of the positive electrode current collector by an ink jet coating apparatus except for the intermediate portion.
- application coating was repeated in multiple times in order to form the mixture layer of predetermined thickness.
- the formed coating film was dried on 100 degreeC and the conditions for 1 hour. The dried coating film was rolled using a roll press to form a positive electrode mixture layer having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m except for the intermediate portion. Similarly, a positive electrode mixture layer was formed on the other surface. In addition, the positive electrode mixture layer was entirely formed on the other surface. Then, an electrode lead was attached to the intermediate portion where the current collector was exposed.
- a copper foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m, a width of 60 mm, and a length of 700 mm was prepared as a material for the negative electrode current collector.
- One end portion in the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode current collector was assumed to be a connection location, and a plurality of through holes were formed in the negative electrode current collector in the manner shown in FIG. The shape of the through hole was circular and the diameter was 2 mm.
- a negative electrode was fabricated using the negative electrode current collector processed as described above. Artificial graphite having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m was used as the negative electrode active material. 5 parts by mass of artificial graphite was added to 100 parts by mass of deionized water as a dispersion medium, and the mixture was dispersed by sufficiently stirring and mixing. Then, an appropriate amount of a 1% by mass aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added to prepare a negative electrode active material ink.
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose
- the obtained negative electrode active material ink and negative electrode binder ink were apply
- coating was repeated in multiple times in order to form the mixture layer of predetermined thickness.
- the formed coating film was dried on 100 degreeC and the conditions for 1 hour. The dried coating film was rolled using a roll press to form a negative electrode mixture layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m except for the one end. Similarly, a negative electrode mixture layer was formed on the other surface. Note that the negative electrode mixture layer was entirely formed on the other surface. Then, an electrode lead was attached to the one end where the current collector was exposed.
- Lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF 6 was dissolved at a concentration of 1 mol / L in a mixed solvent containing ethylene carbonate and methyl ethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 3 to prepare a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- lithium ion secondary batteries shown in FIG. 4 were produced using the produced electrode group and the electrolyte prepared above.
- the charge / discharge of 300 cycles was performed on 100 lithium ion secondary batteries of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, respectively.
- constant current charging was performed to a final voltage of 0.05 C, and constant current discharging was performed at 0.2 C to 2.5 V.
- the discharge capacity at this time was defined as the initial discharge capacity.
- charging / discharging was performed on the conditions that the electric current value at the time of discharge shall be 1C, and charging / discharging cycles are repeated.
- Example 1 the average value of the capacity maintenance rate was 93%, whereas in Comparative Example 1, the average value of the capacity maintenance rate was 81%. Thus, it was confirmed that the cycle characteristics were remarkably improved by applying the present invention.
- the difference in the amount of heat generated by energization is small between a portion where the distance from the connection portion with the external terminal is small and a portion where the distance is large. Therefore, the deterioration of the active material and the decomposition of the electrolytic solution due to heating can be suppressed particularly in the vicinity of the connection location. Therefore, the present invention is suitable for application to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which good cycle characteristics are desired as a power source for portable devices.
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Abstract
Description
以下、リチウムイオン二次電池のサイクル特性について概説する。
正極活物質または負極活物質、結着材、並びに必要に応じて加えた導電材を分散媒に分散させて合剤塗料を調製する。調製された合剤塗料を、集電体の片面もしくは両面に塗布し、乾燥させて、活物質層を形成する。活物質層が形成された集電体を、全体の厚みが所定厚となるようにプレスする。
通電による集電体の発熱は、電流の集中するリード設置部(集電箇所)において最も大きい。このため、集電体の厚みを、集電箇所に近い部分において最も大きくし、集電箇所から遠ざかるほど集電体の厚みを小さくする。
特許文献1は、これにより、集電体で生じる抵抗や発熱を最小限にとどめることが可能となるとしている。
前記集電体は、複数の貫通孔を有する金属箔を含み、
前記金属箔は、電極活物質を担持させる集電領域と、外部端子との接続箇所とを有し、
前記集電領域を、
(i)前記接続箇所からの距離が大きい遠距離領域、並びに
(ii)前記遠距離領域と面積の等しい、前記接続箇所からの距離が小さい近距離領域の2つに区分したときに、
前記遠距離領域の開口率が、前記近距離領域の開口率よりも大きくなるように、前記複数の貫通孔が分配されている、集電体を提供する。
(b)前記金属箔に複数の貫通孔を形成する工程、を含み、
前記工程bは、前記金属箔を、
(i)前記接続箇所からの距離が大きい遠距離領域、並びに
(ii)前記遠距離領域と面積の等しい、前記接続箇所からの距離が小さい近距離領域の2つに区分したときに、
前記遠距離領域の開口率が、前記近距離領域の開口率よりも大きくなるように、前記複数の貫通孔を分配することを含む非水電解質二次電池用集電体の製造方法を提供する。
(実施形態1)
図1に、本発明の実施形態1に係る非水電解質二次電池用集電体の概略構成を平面図により示す。
集電体10は、幅方向の一端部13に図示しない電極リードが取り付けられる。つまり、集電体10は、幅方向の一端部(長手端部の一方)13が、電流の集中する、外部端子との接続箇所となっている。集電体10のそれ以外の部分は、活物質を担持させる集電領域22となっている。ここで、帯状とは、一対の長手端部と、一対の短手端部と、を有する形状をいう。
しかしながら、多数の貫通孔12を形成するときの加工の容易さを考えれば、貫通孔12は、全て同じ径、形及び面積とするのが好ましい。これにより、製造コストの増大を抑えることができる。
次に、本発明の実施形態2を説明する。
図2に、実施形態2の非水電解質二次電池用集電体の概略構成を平面図により示す。図2において、図1と同様の要素は同じ符号により示している。
次に、本発明の実施形態3を説明する。
図3に、実施形態3の非水電解質二次電池用集電体の概略構成を平面図により示す。図3において、図1と同様の要素は同じ符号により示している。
図4に、そのような非水電解質二次電池の一例を示す。図示例の二次電池70は、正極集電体上に正極活物質層が形成された正極75と、負極集電体上に負極活物質層が形成された負極76とを含んでいる。正極75及び負極76を、セパレータ77を間に介在させて、渦巻状に巻回して、電極群80が構成される。また、正極75には正極リード75aが接合され、負極76には負極リード76aが接合されている。
以下のようにして、リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
(正極の作製)
正極集電体の素材として、厚さ20μm、幅50mm、長さ600mmのアルミニウム箔を準備した。その正極集電体の中間部を、外部端子との接続箇所とするものとし、図3に示したような態様で、正極集電体に複数の貫通孔を形成した。貫通孔の形は円形とし、径は2mmとした。
の長手方向に2等分した2つの領域を考えると、その開口率の比は0.375であった。
正極活物質として平均粒径0.8μmのLiNi0.85Co0.12Al0.03O2の組成で表されるリチウム含有複合酸化物を用いた。分散媒であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)100質量部に対し、正極活物質5質量部を添加し、充分に撹拌混合して分散させることにより、正極活物質インクを調製した。
負極集電体の素材として、厚さ15μm、幅60mm、長さ700mmの銅箔を準備した。その負極集電体の長手方向の一端部を接続箇所とするものとし、図2に示したような態様で、負極集電体に複数の貫通孔を形成した。貫通孔の形は円形とし、径は2mmとした。
負極活物質として平均粒径1μmの人造黒鉛を用いた。分散媒である脱イオン水100質量部に対し、人造黒鉛5質量部を添加し、充分に撹拌混合することにより分散させた。そして、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)の1質量%水溶液を適量加えて負極活物質インクを調製した。
(電解液の調製)
エチレンカーボネートと、メチルエチルカーボネートとを、体積比1:3で含む混合溶媒に、六フッ化リン酸リチウム(LiPF6)を1mol/Lの濃度で溶解し、非水電解液を調製した。
正極集電体及び負極集電体に貫通孔を形成しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池を100個作製した。
11 金属箔
12 貫通孔
70 二次電池
Claims (12)
- 非水電解質二次電池用集電体であって、
前記集電体は、複数の貫通孔を有する金属箔を含み、
前記金属箔は、電極活物質を担持させる集電領域と、外部端子との接続箇所とを有し、
前記集電領域を、
(i)前記接続箇所からの距離が大きい遠距離領域、並びに
(ii)前記遠距離領域と面積の等しい、前記接続箇所からの距離が小さい近距離領域の2つに区分したときに、
前記遠距離領域の開口率が、前記近距離領域の開口率よりも大きくなるように、前記複数の貫通孔が分配されている、集電体。 - 前記金属箔は、一対の長手端部と、一対の短手端部と、を有する帯状であり、
前記接続箇所は、前記長手端部の一方に沿って設けられており、
前記近距離領域と前記遠距離領域との境界が、前記長手端部と平行な直線になるように、前記集電領域を2つに区分する、請求項1記載の集電体。 - 前記金属箔は、一対の長手端部と、一対の短手端部と、を有する帯状であり、
前記接続箇所は、前記短手端部の一方に沿って設けられており、
前記近距離領域と前記遠距離領域との境界が、前記短手端部と平行な直線になるように、前記集電領域を2つに区分する、請求項1記載の集電体。 - 前記金属箔は、一対の長手端部と、一対の短手端部と、を有する帯状であり、
前記接続箇所は、前記短手端部の一方および他方から、それぞれ所定の距離を介して離れた位置に設けられており、
前記近距離領域と前記遠距離領域との境界が、前記短手方向と平行な直線になるように、前記集電領域を2つに区分する、請求項1記載の集電体。 - 前記近距離領域の開口率Aと、前記遠距離領域の開口率Bとの比、A/Bが、0.1~0.8の範囲である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の集電体。
- 前記複数の貫通孔の径が、0.01~5mmである請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の集電体。
- 前記金属箔は、前記接続箇所からの距離に比例して開口率が増大するように、前記複数の貫通孔が分配されている請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の集電体。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池用集電体、及びその片面または両面に担持された電極活物質を含む非水電解質二次電池用電極。
- 前記金属箔の両面に形成された電極活物質層が、前記複数の貫通孔を通して結合している請求項8記載の非水電解質二次電池用電極。
- 正極、負極および両電極の間に介在されるセパレータを積層または巻回して構成された電極群と、
非水電解質と、
前記電極群および非水電解質を収納する、開口部を有する電池ケースと、
前記開口部を封口する封口体と、を備え、
前記正極及び負極の少なくとも一方が、請求項8または9記載の非水電解質二次電池用電極から構成される非水電解質二次電池。 - (a)電極活物質を担持させる集電領域と、外部端子との接続箇所とを有する金属箔を準備する工程、並びに
(b)前記金属箔に複数の貫通孔を形成する工程、を含み、
前記工程bは、前記金属箔を、
(i)前記接続箇所からの距離が大きい遠距離領域、並びに
(ii)前記遠距離領域と面積の等しい、前記接続箇所からの距離が小さい近距離領域の2つに区分したときに、
前記遠距離領域の開口率が、前記近距離領域の開口率よりも大きくなるように、前記複数の貫通孔を分配することを含む非水電解質二次電池用集電体の製造方法。 - 前記貫通孔を、プレス加工、エッチング加工、及びレーザー加工よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種により形成する請求項11記載の非水電解質二次電池用集電体の製造方法。
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CN2010800035814A CN102246337A (zh) | 2009-10-26 | 2010-08-20 | 非水电解质二次电池用集电体、电极、非水电解质二次电池及其制造方法 |
US13/132,806 US20110236748A1 (en) | 2009-10-26 | 2010-08-20 | Current collector for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, electrode, non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and method for producing the same |
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- 2010-08-20 JP JP2011511548A patent/JPWO2011052122A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-08-20 US US13/132,806 patent/US20110236748A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-08-20 WO PCT/JP2010/005139 patent/WO2011052122A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-08-20 CN CN2010800035814A patent/CN102246337A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (7)
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JP2019021495A (ja) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-02-07 | 福田金属箔粉工業株式会社 | 開孔金属箔 |
WO2019151063A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-08 | シャープ株式会社 | 金属空気電池用負極 |
US11552301B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2023-01-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Negative electrode for metal-air battery |
JPWO2021033537A1 (ja) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-25 | ||
WO2021033537A1 (ja) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-25 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | アルミニウム箔 |
JP7190582B2 (ja) | 2019-08-22 | 2022-12-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | アルミニウム箔 |
US12002965B2 (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2024-06-04 | Fujifilm Corporation | Aluminum foil |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2011052122A1 (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
CN102246337A (zh) | 2011-11-16 |
KR101207723B1 (ko) | 2012-12-03 |
KR20110084977A (ko) | 2011-07-26 |
US20110236748A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
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