WO2011051765A1 - Dispositif d'optimisation de source d'énergie pour un système d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'optimisation de source d'énergie pour un système d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011051765A1
WO2011051765A1 PCT/IB2010/002422 IB2010002422W WO2011051765A1 WO 2011051765 A1 WO2011051765 A1 WO 2011051765A1 IB 2010002422 W IB2010002422 W IB 2010002422W WO 2011051765 A1 WO2011051765 A1 WO 2011051765A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
converter
power supply
secondary battery
discharge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2010/002422
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
卓也 香川
之広 村田
晃 吉武
Original Assignee
パナソニック電工株式会社
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Filing date
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Application filed by パナソニック電工株式会社 filed Critical パナソニック電工株式会社
Publication of WO2011051765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011051765A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/12—Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply optimization device for a power supply system that supplies each load with power obtained from a grid, a self-sustaining power generation battery, a storage facility, and the like.
  • the house is provided with a power supply system (see Patent Document 1, etc.) which converts AC voltage of commercial power supply into DC voltage and supplies it to various devices in the house.
  • a power supply system see Patent Document 1, etc.
  • solar cells that generate electric power by solar power generation, and not only commercial power sources, but also those that can supply DC power to various devices in solar cells are becoming popular.
  • some power supply systems were equipped with storage batteries as backup power sources for the system, and it was possible to generate electricity from night commercial power source with low charge and extra sunlight during the daytime. It is possible to store electricity in the storage battery.
  • a distribution board 82 is provided as a device for branching and wiring the main trunk of electricity in the home.
  • the distribution board 82 includes an ACZDC converter 84 for converting AC voltage input from the commercial power supply 83 into DC voltage, a DCZDC converter 86 for converting DC voltage input from the solar battery 85 to a predetermined value, and DC of the storage battery 87.
  • a DCZDC converter 88 is provided to convert the voltage to a predetermined value.
  • Connected to these converters 84, 86, 88 is a coordination control unit 89 that coordinates the commercial power supply 83 and the solar cell 85, and charges and discharges the storage battery 87.
  • the cooperative control unit 89 supplies the DC voltage necessary for operation to each of the DC devices 91 via the respective breakers 90.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-1 159690
  • DCZDC converter 86 inputs a high voltage of solar battery 85
  • DC DC converter 88 inputs a high voltage of commercial power supply 83. Therefore, these converters 86, 88 should use relatively large-capacity large converters. There is a compelling situation. For this reason, in the conventional power supply system 81, since it is necessary to mount two large DCZDC converters 86, 88 having a capacity on the distribution board 82, the size of the distribution board 82, that is, the size of the entire apparatus There was a problem of becoming larger. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and provides a power supply optimization device of a power supply system capable of reducing the device size.
  • a plurality of DC power supplies and DC power from the plurality of DC power supplies are input, voltage converted into predetermined DC voltage, and output to a DC load device.
  • a power supply optimization device of a power supply system is provided.
  • the plurality of DC power supplies include a self-sustaining power generation battery and a storage facility, and the output voltage conversion means outputs power at the maximum power point by the DC power supply.
  • the DC power supply is controlled at the maximum output point, the plurality of DC power supplies are connected in parallel, and their combined power is output to the output voltage conversion means as the DC power supply.
  • the DC power supply and the storage facility are connected in parallel, and the combined output of these two is made possible by the output voltage conversion unit at the maximum output point, so one large-capacity output voltage conversion means It is possible to share For this reason, it is not necessary to separately provide a large capacity output voltage conversion means in each of the self-sustaining power generation battery and the storage facility, and it is possible to miniaturize the apparatus size accordingly.
  • the storage facility may be a secondary battery.
  • the power storage facility may be a capacitor.
  • the storage facility includes a series circuit in which a secondary battery and a capacitor are connected in series, and a charge capable of charging the secondary battery with the power stored in the capacitor as an input.
  • a converter may be provided.
  • a battery remaining amount detecting means for detecting a remaining amount of the power storage facility
  • a power generation capability detecting means for detecting a power generation capability of the self-supporting power generation battery
  • a charge current detection means for detecting a charge current flowing through the charge converter.
  • the charge converter can also charge the power storage facility with a charging current according to the remaining battery capacity of the power storage facility and the power generation capacity of the self-standing power generation battery.
  • the power storage facility includes: a secondary battery capable of storing electric power; an input unit connected to the self-supporting power generation battery; and an output unit connected in series to the secondary battery
  • a discharge converter for managing discharge of the secondary battery, an input unit connected to an output unit of the discharge converter, and an output unit connected to both ends of the secondary battery, the secondary battery
  • the self-sustaining power generation battery and the storage device may be capable of outputting electric power in parallel.
  • a battery residual amount detecting means for detecting the residual amount of the power storage facility
  • a power generation capability detecting means for detecting the power generation capability of the self-supporting power generation battery
  • a charge current detection for detecting the charge current flowing through the charge converter.
  • Means, and discharge current detection means for detecting a discharge current flowing through the discharge converter, wherein the charge converter and the discharge converter are selected according to the remaining battery capacity of the storage facility and the power generation capacity of the self-supporting power generation battery.
  • the charge current or the discharge current may be current controlled.
  • the storage facility can be charged and discharged according to the remaining battery capacity of the storage facility and the power generation capacity of the stand-alone power generation battery. Therefore, the remaining battery capacity of the storage facility can be reduced. It becomes possible to manage precisely.
  • the discharge converter and the charge converter are configured to eliminate the difference between the discharge current and the charge current. It is also possible to control the current.
  • the output voltage of the self-sustaining power generation battery is less likely to fluctuate due to the influence of the storage equipment, so the maximum output point control performed by the output voltage conversion means is the same as before. It is possible to do with the control content.
  • the discharge converter when power is output from both the self-supporting power generation battery and the storage facility, the discharge converter may control the discharge current to a predetermined current amount at the time of discharge. .
  • the storage facility is controlled so that a predetermined amount of current always flows, so that the maximum output point control performed by the output voltage conversion means can be performed with the same control content as before. Become.
  • the charging converter may control the charging current to a predetermined current amount during charging.
  • the input of the output voltage conversion means becomes the voltage of the storage facility, and it becomes possible to supply power only from the storage facility to the load.
  • the power supply optimization device may further comprise a short circuit for shorting the discharge converter when the self-supporting power generation battery is stopped.
  • the storage facility includes: a secondary battery capable of storing electric power; an input unit connected to both ends of the secondary battery; and an output unit connected in series to the secondary battery A charge converter configured to control discharge of a battery; an input unit connected to an output unit of the discharge converter; and an output unit connected to both ends of the secondary battery; It is also possible to perform discharge according to the remaining amount of the secondary battery regardless of the presence or absence of the output of the self-supporting power generation battery.
  • the discharge converter and the charge converter may be provided as an integrated charge / discharge converter.
  • the present invention may further comprise constant voltage means for keeping a system voltage supplied to the load via the output voltage conversion means constant.
  • the constant voltage means is connected in series to a constant voltage secondary battery capable of storing electric power, an input unit connected to an output of the output voltage conversion means, and the constant voltage secondary battery.
  • a constant voltage discharge converter capable of discharging the constant voltage secondary battery, an input unit connected to the output unit of the discharge capacitor, and both ends of the constant voltage secondary battery. It has an output unit to be connected, and has a constant voltage charge converter capable of charging the secondary battery for constant voltage, and when the power supply output to the load is high, the constant voltage charge converter performs the constant voltage charge converter.
  • the system voltage may be kept constant by charging a secondary battery and discharging the constant voltage secondary battery by the constant voltage discharge converter when the power supply output is low.
  • the constant voltage means comprises: a constant voltage secondary battery capable of storing electric power; an input unit connected to both ends of the constant voltage secondary battery; and a series connection to the constant voltage secondary battery An output unit, a discharge converter for discharging constant voltage of the secondary battery for constant voltage, an input unit connected to an output unit of the discharge converter, and both ends of the secondary battery for constant voltage Output connected to A constant voltage charging converter capable of charging the constant voltage secondary battery; and a high power output to the load, the constant voltage charging converter charges the constant voltage secondary battery using the constant voltage charging converter.
  • the system voltage can be kept constant by discharging the constant voltage secondary battery with the constant voltage discharge converter.
  • the constant voltage discharge converter and the constant voltage charge converter may be integrated as a constant voltage charge / discharge converter.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an entire configuration of a power supply system according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power input / output control device.
  • FIG. 3 is a waveform chart showing V-I and V-P curves of a solar cell.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another configuration of the power input / output control device.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power input / output control device according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another configuration of the power input control device.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another configuration of the power input / output control device.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the solar cell operation and charge / discharge control operation, wherein (a) is an explanatory view when the output voltage of the solar cell increases, and (b) is when the output voltage of the solar cell decreases FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power input / output control apparatus according to a fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 1 is a configuration diagram for explaining constant current control, and a characteristic waveform diagram showing a relationship between an external command value and an output current.
  • FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing another configuration of the power input / output control device.
  • FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a power input / output control device in a fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing another configuration of the power input / output control device.
  • FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram for describing constant current control and constant voltage control, and a characteristic waveform diagram showing a relationship between an external command value, an output current, and an output voltage.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional power supply system.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 a first embodiment of a power supply optimization device of a power supply system in which the present invention is embodied in a house will be described according to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • a house of a detached house is assumed as a building to which the present invention is applied, but it does not prevent applying the technical idea of the present invention to a building such as an apartment house, an office, a commerce house, or a factory. Absent.
  • the home is provided with a power supply system 1 for supplying power to various devices (lighting equipment, air conditioners, household appliances, audio visual equipment, etc.) installed in the home.
  • the power supply system 1 operates various devices using the commercial AC power source (AC power source) obtained from the grid 2 as electric power, and also supplies the power of the solar battery 3 generated by sunlight as a power source to the various devices.
  • the solar cell 3 is composed of, for example, a plurality of cells 4.
  • the power supply system 1 supplies power to the AC device 6 that operates by inputting an AC power supply (AC power), in addition to the DC device 5 that operates by inputting a DC power supply (DC power supply).
  • the solar battery 3 constitutes a DC power supply and a self-generating battery, and the DC device 5 and the AC device 6 constitute a load.
  • the power supply system 1 is provided with a control unit 7 and a DC distribution board (with a DC breaker built-in) 8 as a component conditioner of the system 1.
  • the control room is provided with a control unit 7a that generally controls the operation of the unit.
  • a control unit 9 and a reorganization unit 10 are provided as devices for controlling the operation of the DC device 5 in the house.
  • An AC power distribution board 11 for branching AC power is connected to the control unit 1 via an AC power line 12.
  • the control unit 7 is connected to the grid 2 via the AC distribution board 11 and to the solar cell 3 via a DC power line 13.
  • the control unit 7 takes in AC power from the AC distribution board 11 and also takes in DC power from the solar cell 3, and converts these powers into predetermined DC power as equipment power. Then, control unit 7 outputs the DC power after conversion to DC distribution board 8 through DC power line 14 or to storage battery unit 16 through DC power line 15. Charge the same power.
  • the control unit 7 not only receives AC power from the AC distribution board 1 1 but also converts the power of the solar battery 3 and the storage battery unit 16 into AC power and supplies it to the AC distribution board 1 1 It is possible.
  • the control unit 7 exchanges data with the DC distribution board 8 through the signal line 17.
  • the DC distribution board 8 is a kind of breaker compatible with DC power.
  • the DC distribution board 8 branches the DC power input from the control unit 7 and outputs the DC power after the branch to the control unit 9 via the DC power line 18 or the DC power line 1 Output to relay unit 10 via 9 and so on. Also, the DC distribution board 8 is connected to the control unit 9 via the signal line 20. — Exchange data with the relay unit 10 via the signal line 2 1
  • a plurality of DC devices 5 are connected to the control unit 9. These DC devices 5 are connected to the control unit 9 via a DC supply line 22 which can carry both DC power and data by a pair of wires.
  • the DC supply line 22 is a so-called power line carrier communication in which a communication signal for transmitting a read signal with a high frequency carrier wave is superimposed on a DC voltage serving as a power supply of a DC device. Transport both data to DC instrument 5.
  • the control unit 9 acquires the DC power of the DC device 5 through the DC power line 18 and determines which DC device 5 based on the operation command obtained from the DC distribution board 8 through the signal line 20. Figure out what to control. Then, the control unit 9 outputs the DC voltage and the operation command to the instructed DC device 5 via the DC supply line 22 and controls the operation of the DC device 5.
  • the control unit 9 is connected via a DC supply line 22 with a switch 23 operated when switching the operation of the DC device 5 in the house. Further, a sensor 24 for detecting a radio wave transmitted from, for example, an infrared ray remote controller is connected to the control unit 9 via a DC supply line 22. Therefore, not only the operation instruction from the DC distribution board 8 but also the operation of the switch 23 and the detection of the sensor 24 flow a communication signal to the DC supply line 22 to control the DC device 5.
  • a plurality of DC devices 5 are connected to the relay unit 10 via respective DC power lines 25 respectively.
  • the relay unit 10 obtains the DC power supply of the DC device 5 through the DC power line 19, and the DC device 5 based on the operation command obtained from the DC distribution board 8 through the signal line 21. Figure out what to do.
  • the relay unit 10 controls the operation of the DC device 5 by turning on and off the power supply to the DC power line 25 with the built-in relay for the instructed DC device 5.
  • a plurality of switches 26 for manually operating the DC device 5 are connected to the relay unit 10, and the power supply to the DC power line 25 is controlled by operating the switch 26. By turning on and off, the DC device 5 is controlled.
  • a DC outlet 2 is connected to the DC distribution panel 8 via a DC power line 2 8 installed in a house in the manner of a wall outlet or a floor panel. It is possible to directly supply DC power to the DC outlet 27 by plugging a DC device plug (not shown) into the DC outlet 27.
  • an electric camera 29 capable of remotely detecting the amount of use of the system 2 is connected between the system 2 and the AC distribution board 11.
  • the power meter 29 is equipped with not only the function of remote meter reading of the commercial power consumption, but also the function of power line carrier communication and wireless communication, for example.
  • the power meter 29 transmits a measurement result to a power company or the like through power line communication, wireless communication, or the like.
  • the power supply system 1 is provided with a network system 30 which can control various devices in the house by network communication.
  • the network system 30 is provided with a home server 31 as a control unit of the system 30.
  • Home server 3 1 is connected to the management server 32 outside the home via a network N such as the Internet, and is connected to the home appliance 34 via a signal line 33.
  • the in-home server 31 operates using DC power acquired from the DC distribution board 8 via the DC power line 35 as a power supply.
  • the home server 31 is connected via a signal line 37 with a control box 36 that manages operation control of various devices in the home by network communication.
  • the control box 36 is connected to the control unit board and the DC distribution board 8 via the signal line 17, and can control the DC device 5 directly via the DC supply line 38.
  • a gas water meter 39 capable of remotely measuring the amount of used gas and water is connected to the control box 36, and is connected to the operation panel 40 of the network system 30.
  • a monitoring device 41 comprising, for example, a door phone handset, a sensor, and a camera.
  • the home server 31 When the home server 31 inputs an operation command of various devices in the home through the network N, the home server 31 notifies the control box 36 of the command and operates the control box 36 so that the various devices operate according to the operation command. .
  • the home server 31 can provide various kinds of information acquired from the gas and water supply system 39 to the management server 32 through the network N, and at the same time, the operation panel 40 indicates that the monitoring device 41 detects an abnormality. From the network N to the management server 32 via the network N.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a power input / output control device 1a that manages power input / output of the solar battery 3 and the storage battery unit 16 and this will be described below.
  • the control unit 7 is provided with a bidirectional ACZDC converter 42 capable of both converting DC power into AC power and converting AC power into DC power.
  • the bi-directional ACZDC converter 42 includes an ACZDC converter 43 that converts and outputs an input AC voltage to a DC voltage, and a DC / AC inverter 44 that converts and outputs an input DC voltage to an AC voltage.
  • the ACZD C converter 43 converts the AC voltage input from the system 2 into a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage to the DC device 5 or the storage battery unit 16.
  • the DCZAC inverter 44 converts the DC voltage input from the solar battery 3 or the storage battery unit 16 into an AC voltage and reversely flows the current to the grid 2.
  • the control unit 7 is provided with a maximum power point control DCZDC converter 45 that outputs the power of the solar cell 3 at the most power efficient point (maximum power point).
  • the maximum output point control DCZDC converter 45 is connected to the solar cell 3 and to the bidirectional ACZD C converter 42 and the DC device 5.
  • the maximum output point control DCZDC converter 45 corresponds to the output voltage conversion means.
  • Maximum power point control is a type of voltage output control called so-called MP PT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control.
  • MP PT Maximum Power Point Tracking
  • the solar cell 3 has a point where it can most efficiently output electric power at the maximum, that is, a maximum electric power point. Output is possible.
  • the maximum power point control DCZDC converter 45 automatically changes the input voltage according to the power generation state of the solar cell 3 to make the voltage of the solar cell 3, that is, the maximum power point follow. Power of the most efficient.
  • the maximum power point control is also called the hill-climbing method.
  • the output voltage of the solar cell 3 is intentionally varied, and the values before and after the variation are compared to confirm whether the current output is maximum or not. Do the thing repeatedly.
  • a secondary battery 4 is connected in parallel to the solar battery 3 as a storage facility 46 of the storage battery unit 16.
  • Maximum Power Point Control The DCZDC converter 45 receives the combined power J of the solar battery 3 and the secondary battery 47, controls the maximum power point, and outputs a voltage.
  • the secondary battery 47 for example, a lithium ion battery is used.
  • the storage facility 46 refers to a function that controls the storage location of the storage battery unit 1 6 and the input / output (charge / discharge) operation thereof.
  • the storage unit 46 constitutes a DC power supply.
  • the combined power J of the solar battery 3 and the secondary battery 4 is output to the maximum power point control DCZDC converter 45.
  • Maximum Output Point Control The DCZDC converter 45 performs maximum output point control on the combined power J, and outputs the combined power J at the maximum power by switching the input voltage. Therefore, the DC device 5 and the AC device 6 operate as a device power supply with the combined power J. At this time, even if the power of the solar cell 3 is larger than that of the secondary battery 47 and there is a difference in the supplied power from these two, these are output as the combined power J to the maximum output point control DCZDC converter 45, It is output with the suitable value of following the output point.
  • the power of system 2 is used as the device power supply of DC device 5 and AC device 6.
  • the control unit converts the AC power of the system 2 into DC by the ACZDC converter 43 and supplies the DC power to the DC device 5.
  • the power of the secondary battery 47 is used as a device power source.
  • the solar cell 3 since the solar cell 3 is not generating power, only the voltage of the secondary cell 47 is applied to the maximum power point control DCZDC converter 45. Therefore, the output power of the secondary battery 4 is supplied to the DC device 5, and the DC device 5 and the AC device 6 are operated by this power.
  • the solar battery 3 and the secondary battery 47 are connected in parallel, the combined power of these is input to the maximum output point control DCZDC converter 45, and the maximum output point control is performed.
  • the secondary battery 47 is used as a storage facility of the storage battery unit 16, since it itself has a power input / output function, it is not necessary to prepare a special input / output converter. Also, by preparing a plurality of secondary batteries 47 and connecting them in series, it is possible to switch the output voltage and output capacity of the storage battery unit 16 appropriately. Therefore, it is also possible to easily change the output voltage and output capacity of storage battery unit 16 according to the application.
  • the power storage facility of the storage battery unit 16 is not limited to the secondary battery 47, and may be, for example, a capacitor 48 as shown in FIG. In this case, it is possible to obtain an effect that it is not necessary to prepare a special input / output converter as in the case of the secondary battery 4 and an effect that the output voltage and the output capacity can be switched appropriately by series connection. It is.
  • the capacitor 48 is used in the storage facility of the storage battery unit 16, it is possible to accelerate the tracking speed to the voltage fluctuation of the solar battery 3 as compared with the case of the secondary battery 47.
  • the power storage facility 46 is connected in parallel to the solar cell 3, and the combined output J input from these two parties is controlled at the maximum output point by the maximum output point control D CZ DC converter 45. Supply to DC device 5. For this reason, it is possible to share one maximum power point control D CZ D C converter 45, that is, one large capacity converter, between the solar cell 3 and the storage facility 46. Therefore, since it is not necessary to provide separate large capacity DCCDC converters for each of the solar cell 3 and the storage facility 46, the device size can be reduced accordingly.
  • the secondary battery 47 has the advantages of high storage density and small fluctuations in power input / output. Therefore, if the secondary battery 4 7 is used as the storage facility 46, the power can be efficiently charged. It is possible to input and output power with less voltage fluctuation.
  • the capacitor 48 has the advantage of being highly responsive to voltage fluctuations of the solar cell 3 compared to the secondary battery 47. Therefore, if the capacitor 48 is used as the storage facility 46, Charge and discharge can be performed with high compliance to the voltage fluctuation of the battery 3.
  • a series circuit 49 of a secondary battery 4 7 and a capacitor 48 is connected in parallel to the solar cell 3. Further, between the secondary battery 47 and the capacitor 48, a charging DCZDC converter 50 for managing charging of the secondary battery 47 is connected.
  • the input parts 5 1 a and 5 1 a consisting of a pair of terminals are in contact with both ends of the capacitor 4 8 Connected at both ends of the secondary battery 47 are output portions 5 1 b and 5 1 b consisting of a pair of terminals.
  • the charging DCZ DC converter 50 supplies power to the secondary battery 4 7 using the power stored in the capacitor 4 8 as an input source. That is, the charge DCZ DC converter 50 constitutes a charge converter.
  • the stored power of the secondary battery 47 may be managed.
  • a battery remaining amount current detection circuit 52 for detecting the battery remaining amount of the secondary battery 4 7 (storage battery unit 16) is connected in series to the series circuit 49.
  • the battery level current detection circuit 52 detects the battery level of the storage battery unit 16 by looking at how much the total amount of current flows out from the secondary battery 47 that has started discharging.
  • the battery residual current detection circuit 52 corresponds to a battery residual detection means.
  • a voltage detection circuit 53 for generation capacity for detecting the generation capacity of the solar cell 3 is connected between the terminals of the solar cell 3.
  • a current detection circuit 54 for generation capacity for detecting the generation capacity of the solar cell 3 is connected on the + side wiring of the solar cell 3.
  • the power generation capacity of the solar cell 3 that is, the amount of power that can be output, is calculated by multiplying the output voltage of the solar cell 3 by the output current. For this reason, the power generation capacity of the solar cell 3 is calculated by multiplying the voltage obtained from the power generation capacity voltage detection circuit 53 by the current obtained from the power generation capacity current detection circuit 54.
  • the power generation capacity voltage detection circuit 53 and the power generation capacity current detection circuit 54 constitute a power generation capacity detection means.
  • a charging current detection circuit 55 for detecting a charging current flowing in the converter 50 is connected to the input wiring of the charging DCZDC converter 50.
  • the charging current detection circuit 55 detects the charging current flowing into the secondary battery 47, that is, the charge amount of the secondary battery 47.
  • the charging current detection circuit 55 corresponds to the charging current detection means.
  • the charging DCCDC converter 50 grasps the battery residual quantity of the secondary battery 4. Also, the charge D C Z D C converter 50 grasps the power generation capacity of the solar cell 3 based on the detection values from the power generation capacity voltage detection circuit 53 and the power generation capacity current detection circuit 54. Then, according to the detected battery remaining capacity and power generation capacity, the charge D CZ DC converter 50 monitors the value of the charge current detection circuit 55 and discharges the secondary battery 4 7 with an arbitrary charge current. To charge.
  • the remaining battery level of the secondary battery 47 can be monitored and controlled, it is possible to perform energy storage management as needed, such as storage according to the battery life, battery output at night, etc. Become. Therefore, it becomes possible to make the power supply system 1 a highly versatile and high-performance system. According to the configuration of this embodiment, in addition to (1) to (4) described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
  • the secondary battery 47 and the capacitor 48 are connected in series, and the power stored in the capacitor 48 can be used as an input source to charge the secondary battery 47. Therefore, when the secondary battery 47 is charged, Can.
  • the charge DCZD C converter 50 can be charged with an arbitrary charge current. For this reason, since the remaining battery level can be monitored and controlled, energy saving management is performed as needed, for example, charging the remaining of the power sent to the DC device 5 to the secondary battery 47. be able to.
  • a discharge DCZDC converter 56 for managing the discharge operation of the secondary battery 47 is connected between the solar cell 3 and the secondary battery 4.
  • the input parts 57a, 57a consisting of a pair of terminals are connected in parallel to the solar cell 3, and the output parts 57b, 57b also consisting of a pair of terminals are connected in series with the secondary battery 47.
  • the discharge DCZDC converter 56 and the secondary battery 47 are connected in series, and the voltage between the terminals of the series circuit is discharged in the discharge operation.
  • the discharge DCZDC converter 56 constitutes a discharge converter.
  • the charging DCZDC converter 50 is similar to that described in the second embodiment. In this charge D CZD C converter 50, the input parts 51 a and 51 a are connected to the output parts 57 b and 57 b of the discharged D CZ DC comparator 56, and the output parts 51 b and 51 b are for the secondary battery 47. It is connected to both ends.
  • the charging DCZDC converter 50 can charge power to the secondary battery 4 using the output power from the discharging DCZDC converter 56 as an input source.
  • the discharge DCZ DC converter 56 is connected in series to the secondary battery 47 connected in parallel to the solar battery 3, the output from the solar battery 3 and the output from the secondary battery 47 Can be extracted in parallel. That is, these two outputs can be mixed simultaneously and output.
  • the discharge power at this time is a value obtained by multiplying the voltage obtained by adding the voltage of secondary battery 47 and the voltage of discharge DCZDC comparator 56 by the output current flowing through secondary battery 47 (discharge DCZDC converter 56). Take Therefore, even if discharge DC / DC converter 56 uses a small capacity, it is possible to secure a large discharge power.
  • the control unit 7 includes the battery residual current detection circuit 52, the generation capacity voltage detection circuit 53, the generation capacity current detection circuit 54, and the charge current detection as described in the second embodiment.
  • a circuit 55 is provided.
  • a discharge current for detecting the discharge current flowing through the discharge DC-DC converter 56 is output to the output 5 b of the discharge DCZDC converter 56.
  • the detection circuit 58 is connected.
  • a diode D for preventing backflow is connected to the + terminal side of the solar cell 3.
  • the discharge current detection circuit 58 corresponds to discharge current detection means.
  • the solar cell 3 only outputs power during the daytime and maximum power point control DCZDC converter 45 performs maximum power point control
  • the difference between the current flowing through charging DCZDC converter 50 and the current flowing through discharging DCZDC converter 56 It is possible to take the form of current control so that it becomes “0”.
  • the charge DCZDC converter 50 controls the value of the charge current
  • the discharge DCZDC converter 56 controls the value of the discharge current.
  • the secondary battery 47 will not be charged and discharged, so the output voltage of the solar cell 3 is unlikely to fluctuate under the influence of the secondary battery 47. It is possible to perform the same maximum power point control.
  • the discharge current flowing through the discharge DCZDC converter 56 is controlled to a predetermined value, and the maximum output is obtained.
  • the point control DCZDC converter 45 may perform the maximum output point control.
  • the discharge DCZDC converter 56 controls the value of the discharge current.
  • the maximum output point control at the time of power supply is the maximum output point with the DCZDC converter 45 It may be in the form of control.
  • the charging DCZDC converter 50 controls the value of the charging current. This makes it possible to charge the secondary battery 47 under a constant current.
  • a short circuit (switch) 59 is provided between the input portions 51 a and 51 a of the charging DCZDC converter 50, and when the solar cell 3 is stopped
  • the charge / discharge circuit may be discharged only from the secondary battery 47 by shorting the short circuit 59.
  • the short circuit 59 is shorted, the charge / discharge circuit is shorted, so it is possible to reduce the conduction loss of the charge / discharge circuit.
  • FIG. 9 (a) when the output voltage of the solar cell 3 increases, the output current of the solar cell 3 ⁇ I 0 (also illustrated in FIG. 8) as the output voltage increases.
  • the curve waveform also gradually increases.
  • the current I ⁇ also shown in FIG. 8 flowing through the remaining battery current detection circuit 52 is larger than “0”
  • charging of the secondary battery 47 is performed as the solar battery operation.
  • charge / discharge control a discharge operation is performed in which the discharge current of discharge current detection circuit 58 is made larger than “0”, and current I is adjusted to “0”. Force power is controlled to the maximum power point.
  • the solar cell operation is Run the discharge. Further, as the charge / discharge control, a charge operation to make the charge current of the charge current detection circuit 55 larger than "0" is executed, and the current I ⁇ is adjusted to "0", so that the output of the solar cell 3 is output. Power is controlled to the maximum power point.
  • the output current ⁇ I 0 of the solar cell 3 has a curved waveform as the output voltage increases. It will gradually become smaller.
  • the current I is smaller than “0”
  • the secondary battery 47 is caused to discharge as the solar cell operation.
  • a charge operation to make the charge current of the charge current detection circuit 55 larger than “0” is executed, and the current I is adjusted to “0”.
  • the output power is controlled to the maximum power point.
  • the storage facility 46 comprises a secondary battery 47, a charging DCZDC converter 50 and a discharging DCZDC converter 56.
  • the input of the discharging DCZDC converter 56 is connected in parallel to the solar cell 3, and the output of the discharging DCZDC converter 56 is secondary Connected in series to the battery 47, the input of the charging DCZ DC converter 50 is connected to the output of the discharging DCZ DC converter 56, and the output of the charging DCZ DC converter 50 is connected to both ends of the secondary battery 47. For this reason, it is possible to simultaneously mix the solar cell 3 and the secondary cell 47 and output power.
  • a storage battery 46 is provided with a short circuit 59 for shorting the discharge DCZDC converter 56.
  • the short circuit 59 is shorted to discharge only the secondary battery 47. By doing this, it is possible to reduce the conduction loss of the charge and discharge circuit.
  • the discharge DCZDC converter 56 is connected to both ends of the input part 57 a, 57 a force secondary battery 47, and the output parts 57 b, 5 b are connected in series with the secondary battery 47. Ru.
  • the input parts 51a and 51a are connected to the output parts 57b and 57b of the discharged DCZDC converter 56 through the current detection circuits 55 and 58, and the output parts 51b and 51b are 2
  • the battery 47 is connected to both ends.
  • the solar battery 3 is output to the discharge DCZDC converter 56. It becomes possible to switch the amount of discharge.
  • the discharge control can be performed according to the remaining amount of the secondary battery 47 without depending on the presence or absence of the output of the solar cell 3.
  • the power storage facility 46 can also control the current value by constant current control in which the current flowing in the battery residual current detection circuit 52 is a constant current. At this time, the power storage facility 46 functions as a constant current charge / discharge circuit.
  • the constant current value is variable according to, for example, the external command value R i.
  • the external command value R i is output from, for example, the control unit 7 a (see FIG. 1) that controls the control unit 7 centrally, and a constant current corresponding to the command value R i flows through the charge and discharge circuit.
  • the charge / discharge DCZDC converter 60 may be used by combining the charge DCC converter 50 and the discharge DCZDC converter 56 into one component.
  • input parts 61a, 61a consisting of a pair of terminals are connected in series with the secondary battery 47 via the charging current detection circuit 55, and output parts 61b, 61 consisting of a pair of terminals b is connected to both ends of the secondary battery 47 via the discharge current detection circuit 58.
  • the charge / discharge DCZDC converter 60 constitutes a charge / discharge converter (charge converter and discharge converter).
  • the storage facility 46 is composed of a secondary battery 47, a charge converter 500, and a discharge 00 or C converter 56.
  • the input of the discharge DCZDC converter 56 is connected to both ends of the secondary battery 47.
  • the output of the discharge DC / DC converter 56 is output in series with the secondary battery 47, and the input of the charge DCZDC converter 50 is connected to the output of the DCZDC converter 56.
  • the output of the charge DCZDC converter 50 is a secondary battery 47 Connect to both ends of the For this reason, regardless of the presence or absence of the output of the solar cell 3, it is possible to execute the discharge control according to the remaining battery capacity of the secondary battery 47.
  • a constant voltage circuit 62 for keeping the voltage applied to the DC device 5 (referred to as the system voltage Vs) constant. It is connected.
  • the constant voltage circuit 62 has the same configuration as the storage facility 46 of the third embodiment, and includes a secondary battery 63, a charging DCZDC converter 64, a discharging DCZDC comparator 65, and a battery residual current detection.
  • a circuit 66, a charge current detection circuit 6 and a discharge current detection circuit 68 are provided.
  • the input section 69a and 69a are connected in parallel to the output of the maximum output point control DCZDC converter 45, and the output section is connected in series to the secondary battery 63.
  • the charging unit of the circuit 62 has an input connected to the output of the discharge DCZDC converter 65 and an output connected to both ends of the secondary battery 63.
  • One terminal of the battery 63 is connected to both ends of the DC device 5.
  • the constant voltage circuit 62 corresponds to a constant voltage means
  • the secondary battery 63 corresponds to a constant voltage secondary battery.
  • the charging DCZDC converter 64 corresponds to a constant voltage charging converter
  • the discharging DCZDC converter 65 corresponds to a constant voltage discharging converter.
  • the total capacity of the loads to which power is to be supplied by the power supply system 1 is a load capacity W1
  • the power supplied to these loads via the constant voltage circuit 62 is a power output W2.
  • the constant voltage circuit 62 charges the secondary battery 63 by the charging DCZDC converter 64 when the load capacity W1 is less than the power output W2 (load capacity W1 ⁇ power output W2).
  • the load capacity W1 is more than the power output W2 (load capacity W1 ⁇ power output W2)
  • the secondary battery 63 is discharged by the discharge DCZDC comparator 65.
  • the constant voltage circuit 62 functions as a buffer
  • the system voltage V s can be made constant.
  • the constant voltage circuit 62 is the same as the storage facility 46 of the fourth embodiment. It may be a configuration.
  • the constant voltage circuit 62 includes a secondary battery 63, a charging current detection circuit 67, a discharging current detection circuit 68, and a charging / discharging DCZ DC converter 70.
  • a pair of input parts 7 1 a and 7 1 a are connected in series with the secondary battery 63, and a pair of output parts 7 1 b and 7 1 b are connected to both ends of the secondary battery 6 3. It is connected to the.
  • the charge / discharge DCZDC converter 70 constitutes a constant voltage discharge converter (constant voltage charge converter and constant voltage discharge converter).
  • the charge / discharge D C Z D C converter 70 may be a component in which the converter is divided into charge and discharge separately as shown in FIG.
  • the input part of the discharge converter is connected to both ends of the secondary battery 63, and the output part is connected in series to the secondary battery 63.
  • the input part of the charge converter is connected to the input part of the discharge converter, and the output part is connected to both ends of the secondary battery 63.
  • the constant-current charge / discharge circuit 3 controls the constant-current charge / discharge circuit 3 while controlling the power from the constant-current power supply 72.
  • Constant voltage control may be used.
  • the constant current charge / discharge circuit 73 has the same configuration as that of the storage facility 46 of the above-described embodiment.
  • the constant voltage charge / discharge circuit 74 has the same configuration as that of the constant voltage circuit 62 of this example, and here, a type in which converters are separately separated for charge and discharge is used. ing.
  • a capacitor 7 5 is connected to the input portion of the charging DC-DC converter 64, and a DC load voltage detection circuit 76 is connected between the terminals of the DC load.
  • a capacitor 48 is connected to the input portion of the charging D CZ D C converter 50.
  • the constant voltage control is performed by setting the voltage detected by the DC load voltage detection circuit 76 to a constant voltage. Also, the constant voltage value is variable according to, for example, the external command value Rv.
  • the external command value Rv is output from the control unit 7 a of the control unit 7, and a constant voltage corresponding to the command value Rv is applied to the DC device 5.
  • Figure 16 summarizes the operation example of constant voltage control and constant current control in this case.
  • the constant voltage value is set to 4 8 V
  • the charge circuit is turned on and the discharge circuit Is turned off.
  • the secondary battery 63 is charged, and the output voltage is maintained at 4 8 V.
  • the charging circuit is turned off and the discharging circuit is turned on.
  • the secondary battery 63 is discharged, and the output voltage is maintained at 48 V.
  • the power supply system 1 was provided with a constant voltage circuit 62 for keeping the system voltage Vs constant. Therefore, even if the system voltage Vs fluctuates due to the remaining battery capacity, temperature, etc., it can be supplied to the DC device 5 while maintaining this at a constant value.
  • the embodiment is not limited to the configuration described above, and may be changed to the following aspect.
  • the self-supporting power generation cell is not limited to the solar cell 3 and may be, for example, a fuel cell.
  • the number of self-sustaining power generation cells is not limited to one, and may be plural. This is also true for storage equipment.
  • the secondary battery (constant voltage secondary battery) is not limited to a lithium ion battery, but any kind of battery that can store electric power. You may use
  • the battery residual amount detection means, the power generation ability detection means, the charge current detection means, and the discharge current detection means are not limited to being composed of a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, etc.
  • the number of secondary batteries 47 (63) and capacitors 48 is not limited to one each, and may be plural. When multiple secondary batteries 47 (63) and capacitors 48 are provided, they can be freely connected in series and parallel.
  • the power storage facility 46 is not limited to being configured of the secondary battery 47 and the capacitor 48, and may be of any type as long as it can store power.
  • the excess power generated by the solar cell 3 may be sold by reverse power flow to the grid 2 regardless of what is stored in the storage facility 46.
  • the power stored in the secondary battery 63 of the constant voltage circuit 62 does not know which of the solar battery 3 and the grid 2, so it is not sold and the secondary storage battery 46 Electricity Since the power of the pond 47 is the power stored from the solar cell 3, the power may be reversed by selling to the grid 2.
  • the grid 2 is not limited to a commercial AC power supply that supplies an AC voltage, and may supply a DC voltage.
  • the power supply system 1 is not limited to being used in a house, and may be applied to other buildings such as a factory.
  • the functional part capable of forming the characteristic constituent features of the present invention may be provided anywhere as long as it is a constituent member of the power supply system 1.
  • a power line communication control unit is provided that supplies power and data to the load via power line communication, and controls the load. According to this configuration, since the load can be controlled by the power line communication, it is possible to supply power and data to the load with less wiring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'optimisation de source d'énergie destiné à un système d'alimentation électrique équipé d'une pluralité de sources d'énergie à courant continu et d'un moyen de conversion de tension de sortie qui convertit l'entrée de puissance électrique continue de la pluralité des sources d'énergie à courant continu en une tension prédéterminée et délivre en sortie la puissance électrique continue aux appareils de charge à courant continu.
PCT/IB2010/002422 2009-10-02 2010-09-28 Dispositif d'optimisation de source d'énergie pour un système d'alimentation électrique WO2011051765A1 (fr)

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CN102231560A (zh) * 2011-06-24 2011-11-02 南开大学 分布式发电最大功率点跟踪智能协调控制系统
CN102810902A (zh) * 2012-09-04 2012-12-05 山东力诺太阳能电力工程有限公司 一种家庭用混合型供电管理系统及供电管理方法
EP2557655A2 (fr) * 2011-06-22 2013-02-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Appareil de stockage électrique
CN110247388A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调系统

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US20130043723A1 (en) * 2011-08-19 2013-02-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Solar synchronized loads for photovoltaic systems
JP6031759B2 (ja) * 2011-12-28 2016-11-24 株式会社Ihi 太陽電池発電システム
JP6028499B2 (ja) 2012-04-06 2016-11-16 ソニー株式会社 電力供給装置
CN104728968A (zh) * 2013-12-24 2015-06-24 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 光伏空调系统及其控制方法
JP6403036B1 (ja) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-10 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 エナジーハーベスト端末

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EP2557655A2 (fr) * 2011-06-22 2013-02-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Appareil de stockage électrique
CN102231560A (zh) * 2011-06-24 2011-11-02 南开大学 分布式发电最大功率点跟踪智能协调控制系统
CN102810902A (zh) * 2012-09-04 2012-12-05 山东力诺太阳能电力工程有限公司 一种家庭用混合型供电管理系统及供电管理方法
CN110247388A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调系统

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