Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/39—Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
  • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
  • A45D31/00—Artificial nails
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/87—Polyurethanes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/91—Graft copolymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q3/00—Manicure or pedicure preparations
  • A61Q3/02—Nail coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
  • C08F251/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof on to cellulose or derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
  • C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
  • A61K2800/81—Preparation or application process involves irradiation
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
  • A61K2800/95—Involves in-situ formation or cross-linking of polymers

Definitions

• compositions for nail coatings relate generally to compositions for nail coatings, and particularly, but not by way of limitation, to polymerizable compositions and color layers polymerized therefrom.
• nail polishes also known as lacquers, varnish or enamels and artificial nails; also known as gels or acrylics.
• Nail polishes typically comprise various solid components which are dissolved and/or suspended in non-reactive solvents. Upon application and drying, the solids deposit on the nail surface as a clear, translucent or colored film.
• nail polishes are easily scratched and are easily removable with solvent, usually within one minute and if not removed as described, will chip or peel from the natural nail in one to five days.
• Conventional artificial nails are comprised of chemically reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, in combination with reactive or non-reactive polymers to create systems which are typically 100% solids and do not require non-reactive solvents.
• Artificial nails may possess greatly enhanced adhesion, durability, as well as scratch and solvent resistance when compared to nail polishes. However, because of these inherent properties, such thermosets are much harder to remove, should the consumer so desire.
• Removal typically requires soaking in non-reactive solvents for 30-90 minutes (for acrylics and currently available "soakable gels"; it may take more than 90 minutes to remove traditional UV nail gels by solvent) and typically may also require heavily abrading the surface of the artificial coating or scrapping with a wooden or metal probe to assist the removal process.
• thermosets possess the enhanced adhesion properties of thermosets and also possesses the ease of removal more similar to that of polishes.
• the present disclosure forms part of a nail covering system comprising a basecoat adhesion layer (Application Number 12/555,571, filed on September 8, 2009, currently pending), the present application, an intermediate, decorative color layer (Application Number 12/573,633, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending), and a protective topcoat (Application Number 12/573,640, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending).
• a basecoat adhesion layer Application Number 12/555,571, filed on September 8, 2009, currently pending
• an intermediate, decorative color layer Application Number 12/573,633, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending
• a protective topcoat Application Number 12/573,640, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending
• aspects of the present disclosure when taken in conjunction with the related disclosures provide a basecoat characterized by firm adhesion to a nail surface combined with a solvent-induced “unzipping,” “quick-release” feature that affords facile removal.
• aspects of the present disclosure when taken in conjunction with the related disclosures provide a color layer characterized by firm adhesion to polymer surfaces combined with a solvent-induced “unzipping,” “quick-release” feature that affords facile removal.
• Further aspects of the present disclosure when taken in conjunction with the related disclosures provide a protective topcoat characterized by firm adhesion to polymer surfaces combined with a solvent-induced "unzipping,” “quick-release” feature that affords facile removal.
• An aspect of the present disclosure provides a nail coating comprising a 3- dimentional (3-D) thermoset lattice interpenetrated by a network comprising an organic solvent-dissolvable resin.
• the 3-D thermoset lattice provides the enhanced adhesion, toughness, and scratch-resistance of conventional artificial nails.
• an aspect of the disclosure an
• interconnected system of voids and an interpenetrating network of an organic solvent- dissolvable resin provides the ease of solvent removability.
• the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one monomer, and/or oligomer, and/or polymer which polymerize to a 3-D thermoset.
• the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one organic solvent-dissolvable resin.
• the organic solvent-dissolvable resin forms a network of inclusions within the 3-D thermoset lattice.
• the present disclosure provides a viscous liquid composition comprised of one or more addition-polymerizable, ethylenically- unsaturated monomers.
• the present disclosure provides a monomer which confers the "unzipping" property of ease of removal of the polymerized lattice.
• the monomer may be polypropylene glycol-4- monomethacrylate (PPG4 monomethacrylate).
• suitable monomers may include any acrylated or methacrylated monomer in the polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyopropylene glycol (PPG) families.
• the "unzipping" monomers are present at from about 0 to about 70 weight % (wt%).
• the liquid composition comprises reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesion.
• reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be a (meth)acrylate.
• (meth)acrylate encompasses acrylates and/or
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethylmethacrylate
• HEMA hydroxypropylmethacrylate
• HPMA hydroxypropylmethacrylate
• EMA ethyl methacrylate
• THFMA tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate
• pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate
• pyromellitic dimethacrylate methacroyloxy ethyl maleate
• 2 -hydroxy ethyl methacrylate/succinate 1,3 -glycerol dimethacrylate/succinate adduct
• phthalic acid monoethyl methacrylate acetoacetoxy ethyl methacylate (AAEMA), and mixtures thereof.
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may possess acidic
• the monomer, oligomer or polymer which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesiveness is present from about 0 to about 50 wt%.
• An aspect of the present disclosure provides a polymerizable liquid
• composition comprising a non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer is a cellulose ester.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer is a cellulose acetate alkylate. According to a more particular aspect, the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer is a cellulose acetate butyrate or a cellulose acetate propionate. According to a further aspect, the ingredient which provides for ease of removal may be present at from about 0.1 to about 75 wt%.
• the color layer composition may comprise up to 10 wt% of pigments and/or dyes.
• thermoset polymerized from the disclosed composition is provided an increased sensitivity to organic solvents and, in particular, to acetone.
• means are provided to distribute organic solvent to the polymer/natural nail interface.
• delivering an appropriate solvent to the polymer/natural nail interface will result in an unzipping effect which leads to rapid disruption of the adhesive bond interface and greatly facilitates quick and gentle removal from the natural nail.
• Nail coatings commonly consist of a material applied to a keratin nail surface. Prior art coatings may damage the nail by at least two mechanisms. First, adequate adhesion of the enhancement to the natural nail may require abrasion to roughen the nail surface. And second, removal of the enhancement may require prolonged exposure to possibly damaging solvents and or further abrasion of the artificial nail surface.
• An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a nail coating comprising a 3-dimentional (3-D) thermoset lattice interpenetrated by a network comprising an organic solvent-dissolvable resin.
• a 3-D thermoset lattice provides the enhanced adhesion, toughness, and scratch-resistance of conventional artificial nails.
• a basecoat is interposed between the natural nail surface and the present color layer.
• nail and “nail surface” mean the natural, keratinous nail surface, or a natural nail to which a pre-formed artificial nail or nail tip is adhered.
• the polymerizable compositions of the invention may be applied directly to the keratinous surface of the natural nail, or to a nail surface having affixed thereto a preformed artificial nail or nail tip enhancement.
• the invention comprises a polymerizable composition for application to the nails and polymerization thereon to yield an artificial nail structure.
• polymerizable composition is preferably an anhydrous liquid, having the consistency of a semi-mobile gel to freely mobile liquid at room temperature. Immediately prior to use, the polymerizable composition is applied to the nail surface and shaped by the nail technician. After polymerization an artificial nail structure is obtained.
• An embodiment of the liquid composition comprises reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesion.
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be a (meth)acrylate.
• (meth)acrylate encompasses acrylates and/or
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), EMA, THFMA, pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate, methacroyloxyethyl maleate, 2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate/succinate,l,3-glycerol dimethacrylate/succinate adduct, phthalic acid monoethyl methacrylate, acetoacetoxy ethyl methacrylate (AAEMA), and mixtures thereof.
• HPMA hydroxypropyl methacrylate
• HEMA hydroxyethyl methacrylate
• EMA EMA
• THFMA pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may possess acidic functionality.
• the monomer, oligomer or polymer which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesiveness is present from about 0 to about 50 wt%.
• the ethylenically unsaturated reactant may be mono-, di-, tri-, or poly- functional as regards the addition-polymerizable ethylenic bonds.
• a variety of ethylenically unsaturated reactants are suitable, so long as the reactants are capable of polymerization to yield a polymerized artificial nail structure upon exposure to the appropriate stimuli. Suitable ethylenically unsaturated reactants are disclosed in U.S.
• liquid composition comprise at least one monomer which confers the "unzipping" property by imparting to the interfacial bonds a sensitivity to organic solvent.
• the at least one monomer may be polypropylene glycol-4-monomethacrylate (PPG4
• suitable monomers may include any acrylated or methacrylated monomer in the PPG or polyethylene glycol (PEG) family.
• the "unzipping" monomers are present at from about 0 to about 70 weight % (wt%).
• An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polymerizable liquid composition comprising a methacrylate monomer which provides improved adhesion, viscosity, wear and durability.
• the methacrylate monomer is a tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate.
• some or all of the tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate may be substituted by such monomers including, but not limited to ethyl methacrylate (EM A), HPMA, and other monomers such as pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, and similar (meth)acrylate monomers.
• the methacrylate monomer may be present from about 0 to about 70 wt%.
• the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure may comprise a urethane (meth)acrylate resin which may convey flexibility and toughness to the polymerized product.
• urethane methacrylates are preferred.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate monomer may be present from about 0 to about 50 wt%.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight (grams/mole) of from about 100 to about 20,000.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight of from about 300 to about 15,000.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 13,000.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 6,000.
• the 3-D thermoset lattice is interpenetrated by a network of voids left by the evolution of a non-reactive solvent.
• a non-reactive, organic solvent-dissolvable resin form within the crosslinked polymer matrix.
• the polymer is exposed to a solvent which penetrates the network of voids to the domains of the solvent-dissolvable resin. Dissolution of the resin allows further penetration of solvent to the interior of the thermoset and also to the basecoat/color layer interface.
• the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure may comprise a non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer is a cellulose ester.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer is a cellulose acetate alkylate. According to a more particular aspect, the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer is a cellulose acetate butyrate or a cellulose acetate propionate.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer may be a mixture of any acceptable non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer. According to a further aspect, the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer may be present at from about 0.1 to about 75 wt%.
• the color layer further comprises at least one rheology modifying agent.
• the rheology modifier is present at up to 10 wt%.
• the rheology agent may be present to provide a thixotropic property to the composition to aid in the suspension of pigment particles.
• the rheology agent may be a fumed silica.
• the rheology agent may be a polyamide.
• compositions of the invention may contain from about 0.001-5% by weight of a plasticizer.
• the plasticizer causes the polymerized nail structure to have improved flexibility and reduced brittleness.
• Suitable plasticizers may be esters, low volatility solvents, or non-ionic materials such as nonionic organic surfactants or silicones.
• Suitable esters include those having the general structure RCO— OR' where RCO-- represents a carboxylic acid radical and where—OR' is an alcohol residue.
• R and R are fatty radicals, having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and may be saturated or unsaturated. Examples of suitable esters are those set forth on pages 1558 to 1564 of the C.T.F.A. Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, Seventh Edition, 1997, which is hereby incorporated by reference. In the preferred
• the plasticizer is an ester of the formula RCO--OR' wherein R and R' are each independently a straight or branched chain C 6 -3o alkyl.
• a suitable plasticizer is isostearyl isononanoate.
• Other suitable plasticizers are disclosed in U.S. Patent 6,818,207 which is incorporated by reference.
• the color layer further comprises at least one UV stabilizing agent.
• the UV stabilizer is present at up to 2 wt%.
• the compositions of the invention may contain one or more U.V. absorbers, which assist in reducing the yellowing which is often seen in artificial nails.
• U.V. absorbers have the ability to convert incident U.V. radiation into less damaging infrared radiation (heat), or visible light.
• a recommended amount of U.V. absorber is 0.001-5% by weight of the total composition.
• Suitable U.V. absorbers include hydroxy benzotriazole compounds and benzophenone compounds such as are disclosed in U.S. Patent 6,818,207, incorporated by reference.
• a polymerization regulator assists in preventing the polymerization of the monomer composition from occurring too quickly.
• Hydroquinone and similar materials are suitable polymerization regulators. Suggested ranges of polymerization regulators are from about 0.0001-5% by weight of the total composition. Suitable polymerization regulators are disclosed in U.S. Patent 6,818,207, incorporated by reference.
• the present inventors eases removal of the nail covering by facilitating entrance of solvent into the interior of the coating.
• the present invention provides a 3-D thermoset interpenetrated by a network of solvent-dissolvable channels and inclusions. Upon exposure to organic solvent, the cellulose ester, or other non-reactive, organic solvent-soluble polymer, is dissolved and leached from the coating. The result is a series of solvent accessible passageways riddled throughout the thermoset. Under these conditions, solvent may attack the interior of the thermoset no longer limited by a slow diffusion rate.
• Certain embodiments of the disclosed polymerizable composition may be viscous gels or liquids.
• Gel or liquid embodiments may be polymerized by exposure to radiant energy, such as heat, visible, U.V., or electron-beam radiation.
• Liquid or gel embodiments are applied upon nails and may be shaped to the desired
• the inventive composition may be polymerizable with actinic radiation.
• the actinic radiation may be visible, ultraviolet (UV), or electron beam radiation.
• the UV radiation may be characterized by a wavelength, or group of wavelengths, typically, but not limited to about 320 to about 420 nanometers.
• the liquid composition After the liquid composition is applied to a surface, especially a basecoat surface, the liquid is cured.
• the liquid composition comprises ethylenic unsaturated
• a non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is a 2,4,6- trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphorous derivative.
• a suitable derivative is ethyl-2,4,6- trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate, which may be obtained under the tradename Lucirin® TPO-L (BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, DE).
• Another non-limiting suitable derivative is 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, which may be obtained under the trade name Lucerin® (BASF) or as Genocure® TPO (Rahn)The 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate photoinitiator may be present from about 0% to about 20 wt%.
• a non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, which may be obtained under the tradename Igracure® 184 and which may be present from about 0 to about 20 wt%.
• a non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is benzil dimethyl ketal (BDK), which may be obtained under the tradename FIRSTCURE® BDK (Albemarle, Baton Rouge, LA, US) and which may be present from about 0 to about 20 wt%.
• BDK benzil dimethyl ketal
• Certain embodiments of the disclosed color layer may comprise up to 10 wt% pigments and/or dyes.
• Embodiments of the related basecoat and topcoat disclosures may have up to 1 wt% pigments and or dyes.
• High concentrations of pigments and/or dyes may absorb UV radiation.
• certain embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise higher concentrations, up to 20 wt%. photoinitiator.
• a conventional thermoset nail coating comprises 100% solids and does not comprise nonreactive solvent.
• the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure further comprises at least one non-reactive solvent.
• a suitable non-reactive solvent is readily volatile at room temperature and is a good solvent for the remaining ingredients. Upon application, the non-reactive solvent readily volatilizes leaving regions of increased porosity. These porous regions later facilitate the entry of a remover solvent which may be acetone.
• Suitable non-reactive solvents include, but are not limited to ketones, alkyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and mixtures thereof. Suitable non-reactive solvents may be selected from the group consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures thereof. A particularly suitable non-reactive solvent is acetone. Typically a non- reactive solvent or a mixture of non-reactive solvents is included at up to about 70 weight percent.
• (meth)acrylate monomers and/or polymers in order to fine tune adhesion and removal properties.
• Non- limiting examples of such (meth)acrylates include: mono or poly(meth)acrylates, HPMA, HEMA, pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate, methacroyloxyethyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/succinate, 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate/succinate adduct, phthalic acid monoethyl methacrylate , ethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, PEG-4 dimethacrylate, PPG monomethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, hydoxyeth
• AAEMA acetoacetoxy ethyl methacylate
• Certain embodiments of the formulation may optionally comprise resins, such as, but not limited to polyvinylbutyral and/or tosylamide formaldehyde resins. Such resins may also act as film formers, adhesion promoters, and aids to removal. These resins may also qualify as solvent-dissolvable resins which can be extracted to create channels for solvent absorption and migration.
• resins such as, but not limited to polyvinylbutyral and/or tosylamide formaldehyde resins.
• Such resins may also act as film formers, adhesion promoters, and aids to removal.
• These resins may also qualify as solvent-dissolvable resins which can be extracted to create channels for solvent absorption and migration.
• Certain embodiments of the formulation may optionally comprise plasticizers, such as, but not limited to diisobutyl adipate.
• Plasticizers act to minimize the effects of brittleness of the subsequently formed polymer after exposure to UV sun light and air. Plasticizers also are found to slightly shorten the removal time. Plasticizers may be present at from 0 to about 25 wt%. Persons of skill in the polymer arts will appreciate that inclusion of plasticizers above a certain limit is undesirable because they may impare the integrity and durability of the coatings.
• the unpolymerized color layer may have the consistency of a liquid or gel.
• the unpolymerized color layer may be applied to an polymerized basecoat surface.
• the polymerized basecoat may be an embodiment of co-pending (Attorney Docket 017535-0376694).
• the polymerized basecoat may be applied to a nail surface and contacted with a color layer .
• the nail surface-basecoat - color layer system may be exposed to UV radiation.
• the basecoat and color layer may be polymerized thereby adhering the color layer to the nail surface.
• a color layer may be removed from the natural nail surface without abrading the artificial nail surface.
• the present disclosure relates to a major advantage in that it enables the durable color layer to adhere to the natural nail for periods in excess of two weeks without breakdown of the coating.
• the present disclosure relates to a UV gel system that is non- damaging to the natural nail. The application process requires no abrasive treatment of the natural nail. And the process of removal at most calls for the use of a light touch of a wooden stick.
• the present disclosure relates to a more rapidly removable nail coating system achieving removal in 20 seconds for basecoat alone to 20 minutes for the whole system.
• the polymerized basecoat of the present invention may adhere to the keratin nail surface by means of hydrogen bonds.
• the basecoat and color layer may be removed from the nail surface by means of organic solvents.
• Non- limiting solvents include acetone, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, and mixtures thereof.
• EXAMPLE 1 Chemical Resistance Test To compare chemical resistance a topcoat formulation according to the present disclosure was compared against a commercial polish topcoat formulation and a commercial enhancement type topcoat formulation .
• the commercial enhancement type formulation and the formulation of the present disclosure were cured by exposure to UV light using a BrisaTM lamp. A very thin, unpolymerized tacky top layer was wiped to dryness using 99 wt% isopropanol. The polish formulation was not cured, but was dried under ambient conditions.
• This invention has industrial applicability in providing compositions and methods for improving the adhesion of nail coatings to natural nails without requiring abrasion of the natural nail.
• the invention further provides means for removing a nail coating without requiring abrasion of the natural nail surface or extended removal times soaking in a solvent.

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• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
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• 2009
  • 2009-10-05 US US12/573,633 patent/US8492454B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
  • 2010-08-30 CA CA2776961A patent/CA2776961C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-08-30 IN IN3004DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN03004A/en unknown
  • 2010-08-30 CN CN201080052134.8A patent/CN102648222B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-08-30 PH PH1/2012/500672A patent/PH12012500672A1/en unknown
  • 2010-08-30 KR KR1020127011613A patent/KR20120100972A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-08-30 EP EP10751752A patent/EP2486068A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2010-08-30 RU RU2012116778/05A patent/RU2560249C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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