WO2011037055A1 - 給湯システム - Google Patents
給湯システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011037055A1 WO2011037055A1 PCT/JP2010/065949 JP2010065949W WO2011037055A1 WO 2011037055 A1 WO2011037055 A1 WO 2011037055A1 JP 2010065949 W JP2010065949 W JP 2010065949W WO 2011037055 A1 WO2011037055 A1 WO 2011037055A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- scale
- temperature
- hot water
- supply system
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 346
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 21
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/0092—Devices for preventing or removing corrosion, slime or scale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/02—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
- C02F5/025—Hot-water softening devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
- F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/14—Cleaning; Sterilising; Preventing contamination by bacteria or microorganisms, e.g. by replacing fluid in tanks or conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/227—Temperature of the refrigerant in heat pump cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/281—Input from user
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/305—Control of valves
- F24H15/32—Control of valves of switching valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control
- F24H15/34—Control of the speed of pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/14—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing phosphorus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/08—Storage tanks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot water supply system, and more particularly to a hot water supply system for boiling water by a heat exchanger of a heating unit.
- This type of hot water supply system is promoted to save energy and reduce the burden on the global environment, and heat flows from the hot water storage tank of the tank unit to the water circulation path by the high-temperature refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circulation path of the heat pump unit (heating unit). It is equipped with a gas cooler (heat exchanger) that heats up.
- the gas cooler has a refrigerant channel into which a high-temperature refrigerant is introduced and a water channel into which water is introduced.
- a scale mainly composed of calcium carbonate adheres to and accumulates on the water channel, and the water channel is formed by this scale. Is known to occlude.
- Patent Document 1 discloses water purification means having removal means such as activated carbon, hollow fiber membrane filter, ion exchange resin, etc. for removing organic substances, hardness components, chlorine and the like contained in water.
- a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus including In this water purification means, water is heated from a high-temperature refrigerant to a temperature equal to or higher than the solubility of the hardness component in the radiant heat exchanger provided in the water circuit, and as a result, the hardness component is deposited as a scale inside the radiant heat exchanger. Is preventing.
- Patent Document 2 when a scale adheres to the fluid heating device, the bypass is opened to stop the circulation of the fluid to the bathtub, and the fluid heating device is cooked or boiled to the inner surface of the metal tube.
- a technique for peeling the attached scale and removing it with a filter or the like is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 the clogging of the water circuit is detected by monitoring the flow rate of the water flowing through the water circuit, and the clogging of the water circuit is removed by causing the water circuit to pressurize and flow at a maximum flow rate. That is, a heat pump water heater provided with a removing means is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 it is difficult for the technique of Patent Document 1 to remove the scale that has once adhered to and accumulated in the water flow path. Moreover, it is not easy to peel off the hard scale firmly adhered to and accumulated in the water flow path by the empty cooking / boiling shown in Patent Document 2 or the pressurized water flow shown in Patent Document 3. There is also a problem that the configuration of the hot water supply system becomes complicated by requiring an empty cooking / boiling operation or pressurized water supply operation mode and equipment in the hot water supply system.
- Patent Document 1 Although the removal means of the water purification means can be replaced and maintained by the open / close door, since the water is always passed through the removal means, the life of the removal means is shortened. There is also a problem that the frequency and cost of replacement and maintenance increase, and the running cost of the hot water supply system increases.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and suppresses the generation of scale in the water flow path of the heat exchanger to easily and reliably prevent the clogging of the water flow path, thereby reducing the running cost and reducing the thermal efficiency. It aims at providing the hot-water supply system which can improve.
- the hot water supply system according to claim 1, the high temperature refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circulation path of the heating unit heats the low temperature water flowing through the water circulation path from the hot water storage tank of the tank unit to a predetermined tapping temperature.
- a hot water supply system that performs a boiling operation to raise, a heat exchanger having a refrigerant flow path into which a high-temperature refrigerant flows in and a water flow path into which low-temperature water flows in by the operation of the boiling operation, and a scale in the water flow path
- a scale generation suppressing means for adding to the low-temperature water along with water flow, and the scale generation suppressing means is provided in the water circulation path from the hot water storage tank to the water flow path when viewed from the flow direction of the low-temperature water. It is characterized by being able to.
- the bypass passage that bypasses the scale generation suppression unit and allows water to flow through the water channel, and the first and the bypass channel and the scale generation suppression unit switch between the first and second water flows.
- a flow path switching means wherein the first flow path switching means switches the scale from the bypass path to the scale generation suppression means to operate the scale generation suppression operation.
- the invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in claim 2, the scale generation suppressing operation is operated at least one of immediately before the operation of the boiling operation and immediately after the operation.
- the invention according to claim 4 is provided with scale deposit detection means for detecting scale deposition in the water flow path according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the scale deposit detection means detects that the scale is deposited. It is characterized by operating a scale generation suppressing operation.
- the water pump is provided in the water circulation path from the hot water storage tank to the water flow path when viewed from the flow direction of the low-temperature water, It is characterized in that it is determined that scale has accumulated in the water flow path when the rotational speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined upper limit rotational speed.
- the invention according to claim 6 further comprises refrigerant temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the high-temperature refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant flow path according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the scale accumulation detection means is the refrigerant temperature detection means. When the detected temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined upper limit set temperature, it is determined that scale has accumulated in the water flow path.
- a drainage channel provided in the water circulation path from the water flow path to the hot water storage tank as viewed from the flow direction of the low temperature water, the water circulation path and the drainage
- a second flow path switching means for switching the water path and allowing water to flow, and when the scale generation suppression operation is activated, the second flow path switching means switches the water circulation path to the drainage path to allow water flow.
- the additive when the scale accumulation detecting means detects the accumulation of scale in the water flow path after the scale generation suppressing operation is activated, the additive is reduced. Or it has a reporting means for reporting the depletion.
- the additive in any one of claims 1 to 8, the additive is mainly composed of polyphosphate, and the scale formation suppressing means dissolves polyphosphate in low-temperature water as water flows. It is characterized by being an adder to be added.
- the heating unit is a heat pump unit.
- the scale generation suppressing means is provided in the water circulation path from the hot water storage tank to the water flow path as seen from the direction of water flow.
- the additive can be efficiently added to water targeting only the water flow path as compared with the case where the additive is added from, for example, a water supply channel to a hot water storage tank. While reducing the amount of additive added to water, scale formation in the water channel can be effectively suppressed, and blockage of the water channel can be simplified and reliably prevented. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the hot water supply system can be improved while reducing the running cost of the hot water supply system.
- the hot water supply system is switched from the bypass path to the scale generation suppression means by the first flow path switching means to operate the scale generation suppression operation.
- the scale generation suppression operation by operating the scale generation suppression operation immediately after the boiling operation, the scale generation can be effectively suppressed in an environment where scale is easily generated in the water channel due to high temperature. Furthermore, it can prevent reliably. Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 4, when the scale accumulation detecting means detects that the scale has accumulated, the scale generation suppressing operation is activated to further reduce the amount of the additive used. The generation of scale in the water channel can be effectively suppressed. Furthermore, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the scale accumulation detecting means determines that scale has accumulated in the water flow path when the rotation speed of the water pump is equal to or higher than a predetermined upper limit rotation speed.
- the rotation speed of the water pump is controlled to be higher as the tapping temperature rises, the rotation speed of the water pump becomes abnormally higher than the tapping temperature set in the boiling operation. Can be detected. Therefore, since the heat exchange failure of the heat exchanger can be detected based on the operation information of the hot water supply system, the blockage due to the scale accumulation in the water flow path can be reliably detected.
- the scale accumulation detecting means determines that the scale has accumulated in the water flow path when the temperature detected by the refrigerant temperature detecting means is equal to or higher than a predetermined upper limit set temperature. .
- the high-temperature refrigerant heated in the heating unit becomes abnormally high in temperature as compared with the tapping temperature set in the boiling operation. Therefore, since the heat exchange failure of the heat exchanger that has caused the abnormally high temperature of the refrigerant can be detected based on the operation information of the hot water supply system, it is possible to reliably detect blockage due to scale accumulation in the water flow path.
- the scale separated from the water flow path is made to flow by switching the water circulation path to the drainage path by the second flow path switching means. Since the water can be discharged out of the water circulation path and the water circulating through the water circulation path can be purified, the heat efficiency of the heat exchanger and thus the hot water supply system can be reliably improved.
- the scale accumulation detecting unit detects the accumulation of scale in the water flow path after the scale generation suppressing operation is activated
- the additive is reduced or depleted with respect to the scale generation suppressing unit.
- Informing means for informing the user is provided.
- the scale generation suppressing means is an adder that dissolves and adds polyphosphate to water with water flow.
- Polyphosphate has a deflocating action that deforms the calcium carbonate crystals, which are the main components of the scale, to suppress growth and prevent the scale from adhering to and depositing on the water flow path. It is possible to effectively remove the hard scale.
- polyphosphate does not dissolve and remove scale, but deforms calcium carbonate crystals, making it difficult to scale. It is possible to reliably prevent the water channel from being clogged without worrying about reprecipitation.
- the heating unit is a heat pump unit.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the hot-water supply system concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the adder of FIG. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the hot water supply system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the hot water supply system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the hot water supply system which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the hot water supply system which concerns on 5th Embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a hot water supply system 1 according to the first embodiment.
- This hot water supply system 1 stores a heat pump unit (heating unit) 4 having a gas cooler (heat exchanger) 2 that heats water up to a predetermined hot water temperature with a high-temperature refrigerant and boils it, and hot water boiled by the gas cooler 2 is stored.
- a tank unit 8 having a hot water storage tank 6.
- a compressor 10, a gas cooler 2, an expansion valve 12, and an evaporator 14 are inserted into a refrigerant circulation path 5 in which CO 2 refrigerant circulates in order from a refrigerant flow direction indicated by a solid line arrow, and a refrigeration cycle is performed. It is composed.
- the heat pump unit 4 heats and boiles water by exchanging heat between the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed to the supercritical state by the compressor 10 with the water stored in the hot water storage tank 6 in the gas cooler 2.
- the liquid refrigerant that has been liquefied while being high-temperature and high-pressure by this heat exchange is adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve 12 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and is further evaporated by the outside air by the fan 15 provided in the evaporator 14.
- the gas refrigerant is changed to a low-temperature and low-pressure gas and is compressed again to the supercritical state by the compressor 10.
- the gas cooler 2 is, for example, a tube-in-tube heat exchanger in which a refrigerant flow path 2a inserted in the refrigerant circulation path 5 is disposed in a water flow path 2b inserted in a water circulation path 9 described later.
- the water flowing through the water flow path 2b is heated and heated by the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 2a.
- the tank unit 8 constitutes a water circuit in which a water pump 16, a gas cooler 2, and a hot water storage tank 6 are sequentially inserted into a water circulation path 9 through which water circulates in order from the direction of water flow indicated by solid arrows. .
- a hot water supply path 18 is connected to the upper end of the hot water storage tank 6, and the hot water supply path 18 extends to a hot water supply destination 20 provided outside the hot water supply system 1 (water around baths, showers, kitchens, washrooms, etc.).
- a low-temperature water passage 9b in the water circulation passage 9 through which low-temperature water before passing through the water flow passage 2b of the gas cooler 2 flows.
- a water supply path 22 is connected to the lower end of the hot water storage tank 6, and the water supply path 22 extends to a water supply source 24 (such as a tap water tap) provided outside the hot water supply system 1.
- Hot water having a predetermined temperature for example, about 70 ° C.
- Low-temperature water having a predetermined temperature such as tap water is introduced through the water supply channel 22.
- a high-temperature water region 26 in which high-temperature water stays in order from the upper end portion thereof, a predetermined temperature zone that is lower than the high-temperature water and higher than the low-temperature water for example, about 32 ° C. to 37 ° C.
- a medium temperature water region 28 in which medium temperature water stays and a low temperature water region 30 in which low temperature water stays are formed in layers.
- the high-temperature water channel 9 a and the low-temperature water channel 9 b between the hot water storage tank 6 and the water pump 16 are connected by a communication path 32, and a three-way valve 34 is inserted at a connection point between the high-temperature water channel 9 a and the communication path 32.
- the three-way valve 34 can communicate by switching the high temperature water passage 9a and the communication passage 32 by switching the valve body, and circulating water by bypassing the hot water storage tank 6 in the water circulation passage 9 by communicating the communication passage 32. Can be made.
- the hot water supply system 1 includes an electronic control unit (ECU) 36 that comprehensively controls the heat pump unit 4 and the tank unit 8, and the ECU 36 includes a compressor 10, a fan 15, a water pump 16, a three-way valve 34, and the like.
- the drive unit is electrically connected.
- the ECU 36 boils low temperature water flowing from the hot water storage tank 6 of the tank unit 8 through the water circulation path 9 to high temperature water by the high temperature refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circulation path 5 of the heat pump unit 4.
- the raising operation is activated periodically.
- the compressor 10 and the fan 15 are activated, and the high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 10 flows into the refrigerant flow path 2a.
- the water pump 16 is activated, and the low-temperature water in the low-temperature water region 30 stored in the hot water storage tank 6 passes through the low-temperature water channel 9b and flows into the water channel 2b, and the above-described boiling operation is performed.
- the rotation speed of the water pump 16 is controlled to be high as the hot water temperature preset by the user of the hot water supply system 1 increases.
- the low-temperature water flowing through the water flow path 2b is heated to a high temperature by the high-temperature refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path 2a so as to reach the hot water temperature.
- the water flow path 2b has a scale mainly composed of calcium carbonate. An environment is created where production is promoted.
- the scale of the water flow path 2b is connected to the water circulation path 9 from the hot water storage tank 6 to the water flow path 2b, more specifically, to the low temperature water path 9b between the water pump 16 and the water flow path 2b.
- An adder (scale generation suppression means) 38 is provided that dissolves and supplies the additive 37 that suppresses generation in low-temperature water.
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the adder 38.
- the adder 38 includes an upper lid member 40 to which the pipe end of the low temperature channel 9b is connected, a cylindrical member 42 made of a transparent material such as plastic and glass, a lower lid member 44, and an addition made of a transparent material such as plastic and glass. And an accommodating member 46 for the agent 37. By forming the cylindrical member 42 and the housing member 46 with a transparent material, it is possible to visually confirm the reduction or depletion of the additive 37 filled in the housing member 46.
- the upper lid member 40 and the lower lid member 44 are airtightly connected to the openings at both ends of the cylindrical member 42, and the accommodating member 46 can be accommodated in the cylindrical member 42 from the connection side of the upper lid member 40.
- the lower lid member 44 and the housing member 46 are configured to be detachable from the cylindrical member 42.
- the upper lid member 40 is formed with a low-temperature water inlet 40a at a side opening thereof, a low-temperature water outlet 40b is formed at an upper opening of the upper lid member 40, and a pipe end of the low-temperature water channel 9b is connected to the inlet 40a. And the outlet portion 40b.
- the accommodating member 46 includes a cylindrical body 46a filled with the additive 37, an outlet 46b of low-temperature water whose diameter is reduced from the cylindrical body 46a in the upper part of the cylindrical body 46a, and a lower part of the cylindrical body 46a.
- a plurality of low-temperature water inlet portions 46d opened in the connected bottom lid 46c.
- the outlet 46 b of the housing member 46 is airtightly connected to the outlet 40 b of the upper lid member 40.
- the bottom lid 46c is configured to be detachable with respect to the cylindrical body 46a, and the additive 37 can be filled into the containing member 46 by removing the bottom lid 46c.
- the storage member 46 is filled with a plurality of additives 37, and each additive 37 has a white or transparent spherical shape with a diameter of about 20 mm mainly composed of polyphosphate.
- the shape of the additive 37 spherical, the surface area of each additive 37 becomes constant, so that the amount dissolved in the low-temperature water is stable, the concentration control is easy, and the pressure loss when passing low-temperature water is also reduced. Can be reduced.
- Polyphosphate has a peptizing action that deforms calcium carbonate crystals, which are the main component of the scale, to suppress growth and prevent the scale from adhering to and depositing on the water channel 2b.
- polyphosphate changes the rhombohedral crystal of calcium carbonate to a small spherical crystal to prevent deposition on the water channel 2b, and gradually dissolves the hard scale deposited and deposited on the water channel 2b. . That is, the polyphosphate does not dissolve and remove the scale, but has a function of making it difficult to scale by deforming the calcium carbonate crystals.
- low temperature water passes from the low temperature water passage 9b through the inlet 40a and the inner surface of the cylindrical member 42 and the outer surface of the cylindrical body 46a. And then flows into the cylindrical body 46a from the inlet 46d.
- the additive 37 is dissolved in the low-temperature water when passing through the cylindrical body 46a, and the low-temperature water in which the additive 37 is dissolved is sequentially returned to the low-temperature channel 9b through the outlets 46a and 40b.
- the adder 38 is provided in the low temperature water passage 9b, and the adder 38 dissolves and adds polyphosphate, which is the main component of the additive 37, with water flow.
- the additive 37 can be efficiently added to water targeting only the water flow path 2b.
- Scale formation in the water flow path 2b can be effectively suppressed while reducing the amount of additive 37 added to the low-temperature water with water flow, and the blockage of the water flow path 2b can be easily and reliably prevented. . Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the hot water supply system 1 can be improved while reducing the running cost of the hot water supply system 1.
- polyphosphate has a deflocating action that deforms calcium carbonate crystals, which are the main components of the scale, to suppress growth and prevent the scale from adhering to and depositing on the water channel 2b. It is possible to effectively remove the adhered and deposited hard scale. Moreover, polyphosphate does not dissolve and remove the scale, but deforms the calcium carbonate crystals to make it difficult to scale. Therefore, compared with the case where the scale is dissolved and removed, the scale of the scale due to the reverse reaction is reduced. The blockage of the water flow path 2b can be reliably prevented without worrying about reprecipitation or the like.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of a hot water supply system 48 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those of the hot water supply system 1 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the hot water supply system 48 is provided with a bypass 50 that bypasses the adder 38 from the low-temperature water channel 9b and branches again, and joins the low-temperature water channel 9b again.
- the channel switching means) 52 is inserted.
- the three-way valve 52 can communicate by switching the low temperature water passage 9b and the bypass passage 50 by switching the valve body, and circulating the water by bypassing the adder 38 in the water circulation passage 9 by making the bypass passage 50 communicate. Can be made.
- the drive part of the three-way valve 52 is electrically connected to the ECU 36, and the ECU 36 switches the valve body of the three-way valve 52 from the bypass path 50 side to the adder 38 side and allows water to flow through the adder 38.
- the scale generation suppression operation is activated immediately before the boiling operation is performed, so that the scale of the water flow path 2b is peeled off and the gas cooler 2 is operated.
- the thermal efficiency of the hot water supply system 48 can be improved.
- the three-way valve 52 is switched from the bypass passage 50 to the adder 38 and water is passed to activate the scale generation suppression operation.
- the scale generation suppression operation may be activated during a predetermined time both immediately before and after the boiling operation (scale generation suppression means).
- the scale generation suppression operation is activated immediately after the operation of the boiling operation, thereby generating the scale. Can be effectively suppressed, and blockage of the water flow path 2b can be more reliably prevented.
- the rotation speed of the water pump (scale accumulation detection means) 16 set by the ECU 36 is equal to or higher than a predetermined upper limit rotation speed, it is determined that scale has accumulated in the water flow path 2b.
- the scale generation suppression operation may be activated (scale generation suppression means).
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a hot water supply system 54 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those of the hot water supply system 48 of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the hot water supply system 54 includes a refrigerant temperature sensor (refrigerant temperature detection) that detects the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed to the supercritical state by the compressor 10 in the refrigerant circuit 5 between the compressor 10 and the gas cooler 2.
- Means, scale accumulation detecting means) 56 is provided.
- the output terminal of the signal of the refrigerant temperature sensor 56 is electrically connected to the ECU 36, and the ECU 36 performs a scale generation suppression operation according to the refrigerant temperature detected by the refrigerant temperature sensor 56 (scale generation suppression means).
- the ECU 36 determines that scale has accumulated in the water flow path 2b when the temperature of the high-temperature refrigerant detected by the refrigerant temperature sensor 56 is equal to or higher than a predetermined upper limit set temperature, and performs scale generation suppression operation. Operate.
- the high temperature refrigerant heated in the heat pump unit 4 becomes abnormally high in temperature compared to the hot water temperature set in the boiling operation by using the scale accumulation detecting means as the refrigerant temperature sensor 56. Can be detected.
- the heat exchange failure of the gas cooler 2 that has caused an abnormally high temperature of the refrigerant can be detected based on the operation information of the hot water supply system 54 called the refrigerant temperature, it is possible to reliably detect the blockage due to the scale accumulation of the water flow path 2b. it can.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of a hot water supply system 58 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the drainage channel 60 is connected to the high temperature water channel 9 a between the water channel 2 b and the three-way valve 34, and the drainage channel 60 extends to a drainage destination 62 provided outside the hot water supply system 58.
- a three-way valve (second flow path switching means) 64 is inserted at a connection point with the path 60.
- the three-way valve 64 can communicate with the high-temperature water passage 9a and the drainage passage 60 by switching the valve body, and the drive portion of the three-way valve 64 is electrically connected to the ECU 36.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic configuration of a hot water supply system 66 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those of the hot water supply system 58 of the fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. .
- the hot water supply system 66 includes a notification device (notification means) 68 that notifies the user of the hot water supply system 66 by voice or screen display of the decrease or depletion of the additive 37 filled in the adder 38.
- the notification device 68 is electrically connected to the ECU 36. Connected. The notification device 68 determines that the additive 37 has been reduced or depleted when the scale accumulation detection means detects the accumulation of the scale in the water flow path 2b after activating the scale generation suppressing operation, and notifies this. is there.
- the replenishment management of the additive 37 of the scale generation suppressing means can be easily performed, the convenience of the user of the hot water supply system 66 can be greatly improved, and automation of the hot water supply system 66 is promoted. Therefore, the running cost related to the management cost of the hot water supply system 66 can be reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to the first to fifth embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible.
- the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the hot water supply systems 1, 48, 54, 58, and 66, and the same effect as described above can be obtained even if the hot water supply system includes a high temperature tank and a low temperature tank and has two tanks. is there.
- the main component is not limited to polyphosphate
- the refrigerant is not limited to CO 2 gas.
- polyphosphates are known to have high safety, and CO 2 gas is preferably used because it has a low load on the global environment.
- the present invention can be applied not only to the hot water supply system 1, 48, 54, 58, 66 provided with the heat pump unit 4, but also to a hot water supply system provided with other heating units such as a gas type or an electric water heater. .
- Hot water supply system Gas cooler (heat exchanger) 2a Refrigerant channel 2b Water channel 4 Heat pump unit (heating unit) 5 Refrigerant circulation path 6 Hot water storage tank 8 Tank unit 9 Water circulation path 16 Water pump (scale accumulation detection means) 37 Additives 38 Adders (scale generation suppression means) 50 Bypass path 52 Three-way valve (first flow path switching means) 56 Refrigerant temperature sensor (refrigerant temperature detection means, scale accumulation detection means) 60 Drainage path 64 Three-way valve (second flow path switching means) 68 Alarm (notification means)
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Abstract
Description
ガスクーラは、高温冷媒が流入される冷媒流路と水が流入される水流路とを有しており、水流路には炭酸カルシウムを主成分とするスケールが付着、堆積し、このスケールによって水流路が閉塞することが知られている。
更に、特許文献3には、水回路を流れる水流量を監視することで水回路のつまりを検知するつまり検知手段と、水回路に最大流量で加圧通水させることで水回路のつまりを除去するつまり除去手段とを備えたヒートポンプ給湯機が開示されている。
本発明は、このような課題に鑑みてなされたもので、熱交換器の水流路におけるスケールの生成を抑制して水流路の閉塞を簡易にして確実に防止し、ランニングコストを低減しつつ熱効率を向上することができる給湯システムを提供することを目的とする。
としている。
更にまた、請求項4記載の発明では、請求項2または3において、水流路におけるスケールの堆積を検出するスケール堆積検出手段を備え、スケール堆積検出手段にてスケールが堆積したことが検出されたときにスケール生成抑制動作を作動させることを特徴としている。
更にまた、請求項7記載の発明では、請求項2乃至6の何れかにおいて、低温水の流れ方向からみて水流路から貯湯タンクに至るまでの水循環路に設けられる排水路と、水循環路と排水路とを切り換えて通水させる第2の流路切換手段とを備え、スケール生成抑制動作の作動時に、第2の流路切換手段によって水循環路から排水路に切り換えて通水させることを特徴としている。
更に、請求項9記載の発明では、請求項1乃至8の何れかにおいて、添加剤はポリ燐酸塩を主成分とし、スケール生成抑制手段は、通水に伴いポリ燐酸塩を低温水に溶解させて添加する添加器であることを特徴としている。
更にまた、請求項10記載の発明では、請求項1乃至9の何れかにおいて、加熱ユニットはヒートポンプユニットであることを特徴としている。
更に、請求項4記載の発明によれば、スケール堆積検出手段にてスケールが堆積したことが検出されたときにスケール生成抑制動作を作動させることにより、添加剤の使用量をより一層低減しつつ、水流路におけるスケールの生成を効果的に抑制することができる。
更にまた、請求項5記載の発明によれば、スケール堆積検出手段は、水ポンプの回転数が所定の上限設定回転数以上となるときに、水流路にスケールが堆積したと判定する。一般に、水ポンプはその回転数が出湯温度の上昇に伴い高回転に制御されることから、沸き上げ動作にて設定された出湯温度に比して、水ポンプの回転数が異常に高回転になることを検出することができる。従って、熱交換器の熱交換不良を給湯システムの運転情報に基づいて検出することができるため、水流路のスケール堆積による閉塞を確実に検出することができる。
図1は第1実施形態に係る給湯システム1の概略構成を示している。この給湯システム1は、高温冷媒によって水を所定の出湯温度まで加熱して沸き上げるガスクーラ(熱交換器)2を有するヒートポンプユニット(加熱ユニット)4と、ガスクーラ2にて沸き上げられた湯水が貯留される貯湯タンク6を有するタンクユニット8とから構成されている。
ヒートポンプユニット4は、圧縮機10によって超臨界状態まで圧縮された高温高圧のガス冷媒をガスクーラ2において貯湯タンク6に貯湯された水と熱交換させて水を加熱して沸き上げる。この熱交換によって高温高圧のまま液化された液冷媒は、膨張弁12で断熱膨張されて低温低圧の気液混合の冷媒にされ、更に蒸発器14に備えられたファン15によって外気により蒸発されて低温低圧のガス冷媒にされ、再び圧縮機10にて超臨界状態まで圧縮される。
一方、タンクユニット8は、水が循環する水循環路9に、実線矢印で示す水の流れ方向から順に、水ポンプ16、ガスクーラ2、貯湯タンク6が順次介挿されて水回路を構成している。
貯湯タンク6の下端部には、水循環路9のうち、ガスクーラ2の水流路2bを通過する前の低温水が流れる低温水路9bが接続されている。また、貯湯タンク6の下端部には給水路22が接続され、給水路22は給湯システム1の外部に設けられる給水源24(水道水栓等)に延びている。
三方弁34は、その弁体を切り換えることによって高温水路9aと連通路32とを切り換えて連通可能であり、連通路32を連通させることにより水循環路9において貯湯タンク6を迂回して水を循環させることができる。
以下、このように構成された給湯システム1の作動について説明する。
先ず、ECU36は、給湯システム1の学習制御に応じて、ヒートポンプユニット4の冷媒循環路5を流れる高温冷媒によってタンクユニット8の貯湯タンク6から水循環路9を流れる低温水を高温水に沸き上げる沸き上げ動作が定期的に作動される。
沸き上げ動作の作動に伴い、水ポンプ16はその回転数が給湯システム1のユーザによって予め設定された出湯温度の上昇に伴い高回転に制御される。そして、水流路2bを流れる低温水は冷媒流路2aを流れる高温冷媒によって上記出湯温度になるように高温に加熱され、この際に、水流路2b内には炭酸カルシウムを主成分とするスケールの生成が促進される環境が形成される。
図2は添加器38の縦断面図を示している。添加器38は、低温水路9bの管端が接続される上蓋部材40と、プラスティックやガラスなどの透明材からなる円筒部材42と、下蓋部材44と、プラスティックやガラスなどの透明材からなる添加剤37の収容部材46とから構成されている。円筒部材42及び収容部材46を透明材で形成することで、収容部材46に充填される添加剤37の減少や枯渇を目視で確認可能である。
上蓋部材40には、その側部開口に低温水の入口部40aが形成され、上蓋部材40の上部開口には低温水の出口部40bが形成され、低温水路9bの管端はこれら入口部40a及び出口部40bに気密に接続されている。
収容部材46の出口部46bは、上蓋部材40の出口部40bに気密に接続されている。また、円筒胴部46aに対して底蓋46cは着脱可能に構成されており、底蓋46cを外すことで収容部材46に添加剤37を充填することができる。
給湯システム48は、低温水路9bから添加器38を迂回して分岐し、再び低温水路9bに合流するバイパス路50を備え、バイパス路50の低温水路9bからの分岐箇所には三方弁(第1の流路切換手段)52が介挿されている。三方弁52は、その弁体を切り換えることによって低温水路9bとバイパス路50とを切り換えて連通可能であり、バイパス路50を連通させることにより水循環路9において添加器38を迂回して水を循環させることができる。
詳しくは、まず給湯システム48の初期状態においては、バイパス路50が連通され、添加器38には通水されていない。次に、給湯システム48の学習制御に応じて沸き上げ動作の作動が開始される所定時間前から沸き上げ動作の作動直前までの間に、三方弁52によってバイパス路50から添加器38に切り換えて通水され、スケール生成抑制動作が作動される。
また、変形例として、沸き上げ動作の作動直後から所定時間の間に、三方弁52によってバイパス路50から添加器38に切り換えて通水し、スケール生成抑制動作を作動させるようにしても良いし、沸き上げ動作の作動直前及び作動直後の両方の所定時間の間においてスケール生成抑制動作を作動させるようにしても良い(スケール生成抑制手段)。
更に、別の変形例として、ECU36にて設定される水ポンプ(スケール堆積検出手段)16の回転数が所定の上限設定回転数以上となるときに、水流路2bにスケールが堆積したと判定し、スケール生成抑制動作を作動させても良い(スケール生成抑制手段)。
特に、水ポンプ16の回転数が出湯温度の上昇に伴い高回転に制御されることから、沸き上げ動作にて設定された出湯温度に比して、水ポンプ16の回転数が異常に高回転になることを検出することができる。従って、ガスクーラ2の熱交換不良を給湯システム48の運転情報に基づいて検出することができるため、水流路2bのスケール堆積による閉塞を確実に検出することができる。
給湯システム54には、圧縮機10とガスクーラ2との間の冷媒循環路5に、圧縮機10によって超臨界状態まで圧縮された高温高圧のガス冷媒の温度を検出する冷媒温度センサ(冷媒温度検出手段、スケール堆積検出手段)56が設けられている。冷媒温度センサ56の信号の出力端子はECU36に電気的に接続されており、ECU36は、冷媒温度センサ56にて検出された冷媒温度に応じてスケール生成抑制動作を行う(スケール生成抑制手段)。
この給湯システム54では、スケール堆積検出手段を冷媒温度センサ56とすることで、沸き上げ動作にて設定された出湯温度に比して、ヒートポンプユニット4において加熱された高温冷媒が異常に高温になることを検出することができる。従って、冷媒の異常高温をもたらしたガスクーラ2の熱交換不良を冷媒温度という給湯システム54の運転情報に基づいて検出することができるため、水流路2bのスケール堆積による閉塞を確実に検出することができる。
給湯システム58では、水流路2bと三方弁34との間の高温水路9aに排水路60が接続され、排水路60は給湯システム58の外部に設けられる排水先62に延び、高温水路9aと排水路60との接続箇所には三方弁(第2の流路切換手段)64が介挿されている。三方弁64は、その弁体を切り換えることによって高温水路9aと排水路60とを切り換えて連通可能であり、三方弁64の駆動部はECU36に電気的に接続されている。
図6は、本発明の第5実施形態に係る給湯システム66の概略構成を示しており、上記第4実施形態の給湯システム58と同一の構成については、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
本発明は、上述した第1乃至第5実施形態に限定されることはなく種々の変形が可能である。
また、添加剤37は同様の作用を有するのであれば、その主成分はポリ燐酸塩に限定されないし、冷媒もCO2ガスに限定されない。しかし、ポリ燐酸塩は安全性が高いことが知られており、また、CO2ガスは地球環境に対して低負荷であることから、これらを使用するのが好ましい。
2 ガスクーラ(熱交換器)
2a 冷媒流路
2b 水流路
4 ヒートポンプユニット(加熱ユニット)
5 冷媒循環路
6 貯湯タンク
8 タンクユニット
9 水循環路
16 水ポンプ(スケール堆積検出手段)
37 添加剤
38 添加器(スケール生成抑制手段)
50 バイパス路
52 三方弁(第1の流路切換手段)
56 冷媒温度センサ(冷媒温度検出手段、スケール堆積検出手段)
60 排水路
64 三方弁(第2の流路切換手段)
68 報知器(報知手段)
Claims (10)
- 加熱ユニットの冷媒循環路を流れる高温冷媒によってタンクユニットの貯湯タンクから水循環路を流れる低温水を所定の出湯温度まで加熱して沸き上げる沸き上げ動作を行う給湯システムであって、
前記沸き上げ動作の作動によって前記高温冷媒が流入される冷媒流路と、前記低温水が流入される水流路とを有する熱交換器と、
前記水流路におけるスケールの生成を抑制する添加剤を通水に伴い前記低温水に添加するスケール生成抑制手段とを備え、
前記スケール生成抑制手段は、前記低温水の流れ方向からみて前記貯湯タンクから前記水流路に至るまでの前記水循環路に設けられることを特徴とする給湯システム。 - 前記スケール生成抑制手段を迂回して前記水流路に通水させるバイパス路と、
前記バイパス路と前記スケール生成抑制手段とを切り換えて通水させる第1の流路切換手段とを備え、
前記第1の流路切換手段によって前記バイパス路から前記スケール生成抑制手段に切り換えて通水させるスケール生成抑制動作を作動させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の給湯システム。 - 前記沸き上げ動作の作動直前または作動直後の少なくとも何れか一方のときに前記スケール生成抑制動作を作動させることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の給湯システム。
- 前記水流路におけるスケールの堆積を検出するスケール堆積検出手段を備え、
前記スケール堆積検出手段にてスケールが堆積したことが検出されたときに前記スケール生成抑制動作を作動させることを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の給湯システム。 - 前記低温水の流れ方向からみて前記貯湯タンクから前記水流路に至るまでの前記水循環路に設けられる水ポンプを備え、
前記スケール堆積検出手段は、前記水ポンプの回転数が所定の上限設定回転数以上となるときに、前記水流路にスケールが堆積したと判定することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の給湯システム。 - 前記冷媒流路に流入される前記高温冷媒の温度を検出する冷媒温度検出手段を備え、
前記スケール堆積検出手段は、前記冷媒温度検出手段にて検出された温度が所定の上限設定温度以上となるときに、前記水流路にスケールが堆積したと判定することを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の給湯システム。 - 前記低温水の流れ方向からみて前記水流路から前記貯湯タンクに至るまでの前記水循環路に設けられる排水路と、
前記水循環路と前記排水路とを切り換えて通水させる第2の流路切換手段とを備え、
前記スケール生成抑制動作の作動時に、前記第2の流路切換手段によって前記水循環路から前記排水路に切り換えて通水させることを特徴とする請求項2乃至6の何れかに記載の給湯システム。 - 前記スケール生成抑制動作を作動させた後に前記スケール堆積検出手段が前記水流路におけるスケールの堆積を検出するときに、前記添加剤の減少または枯渇を報知する報知手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項2乃至7の何れかに記載の給湯システム。
- 前記添加剤はポリ燐酸塩を主成分とし、
前記スケール生成抑制手段は、通水に伴い前記ポリ燐酸塩を前記低温水に溶解させて添加する添加器であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8の何れかに記載の給湯システム。 - 前記加熱ユニットはヒートポンプユニットであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至9の何れかに記載の給湯システム。
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EP20100818730 EP2469197A4 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2010-09-15 | HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM |
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AU2010299259A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
JP5308977B2 (ja) | 2013-10-09 |
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