WO2011036728A1 - 銅合金トロリ線 - Google Patents
銅合金トロリ線 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011036728A1 WO2011036728A1 PCT/JP2009/004891 JP2009004891W WO2011036728A1 WO 2011036728 A1 WO2011036728 A1 WO 2011036728A1 JP 2009004891 W JP2009004891 W JP 2009004891W WO 2011036728 A1 WO2011036728 A1 WO 2011036728A1
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- 
        - B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
- B60M1/12—Trolley lines; Accessories therefor
- B60M1/13—Trolley wires
 
- 
        - C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
 
- 
        - C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
 
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a trolley line of a train line in a high-speed electric railway.
- a wire made of pure copper or a copper alloy containing Sn: 0.3% by weight has been used as a trolley wire of a train line in an electric railway.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 Zr: 0.001 to 0.35% and Cr: 0.01 to 1.2% by weight%. 1 or 2 selected from Mg: 0.3% or less, Zn: 1.5% or less, Ag: 0.2% or less, and Cd: 0.5% or less as necessary
- a copper alloy trolley wire having a composition including 1.5% or less in total and the balance: Cu and inevitable impurities is described.
- Sn 100 ppm or less
- Si 50 ppm or less
- P 50 ppm or less
- Fe 100 ppm or less
- Ni 100 ppm or less
- Pb 20 ppm or less
- Bi 20 ppm or less
- S: The content of each impurity is limited to 10 ppm or less.
- trolley wires made of pure copper or copper alloy are manufactured as follows. First, an ingot of pure copper or a copper alloy having a predetermined composition is manufactured, and a large diameter short pure copper or copper alloy coarse rolled coil is produced by hot rolling or hot extrusion of the ingot. The large diameter short pure copper or copper alloy rough rolled coil is press-welded and then drawn to a predetermined size. The trolley wire is manufactured by the above.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a trolley wire having excellent properties in terms of tensile strength, strength of a press-contact portion, and current-collecting sliding wear resistance, no ingot cracking, and excellent workability.
- the inventors of the present invention have studied to obtain a copper alloy trolley wire that is made of a copper alloy having a component composition excellent in pressure contact property, and has further improved current collection sliding wear resistance and tensile strength.
- it contains Cr: 0.15-0.8%, Zr: 0.01-0.25%, Si: 0.01-0.1%, Hf: 0.1-30ppm, and further required
- a copper alloy containing Mg: 0.001 to 0.05% if the oxygen content is limited to 10 ppm or less and the crystal grain size is 30 ⁇ m or less, the current-collecting sliding wear resistance and It was found that the tensile strength was improved and the press contact was also improved.
- the present invention has been made based on such knowledge and has the following requirements.
- the copper alloy trolley wire of the present invention is, by weight, Cr: 0.15 to 0.8%, Zr: 0.01 to 0.25%, Si: 0.01 to 0.1%, Hf: 0.00. It is made of a copper alloy having a composition containing 1 to 30 ppm, oxygen: 10 ppm or less, and the balance including Cu and inevitable impurities, and the crystal grain size is 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the copper alloy may further contain Mg: 0.001 to 0.05% by weight.
- the trolley wire of the present invention has excellent properties in terms of tensile strength and current-collecting sliding wear resistance. Furthermore, it is excellent in the strength of the pressure contact portion, and excellent pressure contact properties can be obtained. Moreover, there is no ingot cracking and excellent workability. For this reason, a trolley wire can be manufactured at low cost. In recent years, with the increase in the speed of electric vehicles, the tension of the trolley wire has increased, and the trolley wire has been severely damaged and worn. For this reason, the number of maintenance inspections such as replacement of trolley wires has increased, but the number of maintenance inspections can be reduced by using the trolley wires of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for measuring current-collecting sliding characteristics.
- Si Si has the effect of improving the pressure contact strength and further improving the sliding wear characteristics. However, if the content is less than 0.01%, the desired effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if Si is contained in an amount exceeding 0.1%, the conductivity is lowered. Therefore, the Si content is determined to be 0.01 to 0.1%.
- (C) Mg Mg may be contained as required, but Mg also has the effect of improving the sliding wear characteristics, like Si. However, if the content is less than 0.001%, the desired effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if Mg is contained in excess of 0.05%, the familiarity with the current collector plate is deteriorated. Therefore, the content is determined to be 0.001 to 0.05%.
- Hf Hf refines the crystal grains of the ingot, thereby reducing casting defects and improving the soundness and manufacturing yield of the ingot, as well as hot working of the ingot and subsequent cold working. It has the effect of improving workability and thereby suppressing the occurrence of defects such as cracks.
- the final product copper alloy trolley wire
- the content is less than 0.1 ppm, the effect of crystal grain refinement cannot be obtained.
- Hf is contained in excess of 30 ppm, the effect is not sufficiently obtained, resulting in an increase in cost and a decrease in conductivity. For this reason, the content of Hf is set to 0.1 to 30 ppm.
- reducing gas is blown into molten copper obtained by dissolving ordinary oxygen-free copper through a graphite nozzle. Copper oxide is temporarily added in the course of blowing the reducing gas, and then the reducing gas is blown to produce an extremely low oxygen copper melt of oxygen: 0.5 ppm or less.
- a predetermined amount of Cr is added to this ultra-low oxygen copper melt, and a predetermined amount of Zr, Si and Hf, and Mg is added as necessary. Thereafter, casting is performed to produce a cylindrical or prismatic ingot.
- the ingot is heated to 850 ° C. to 1050 ° C., preferably in a reducing atmosphere, and hot processed to produce a rough wire.
- This rough wire is hot-welded or cold-welded, and then subjected to a solution treatment consisting of holding at 800 to 1050 ° C. for 0.1 to 2 hours, and then rapid cooling. Further, a trolley wire having a predetermined cross-sectional dimension is produced by cold working.
- electrolytic copper having an oxygen content of 20 ppm was prepared.
- This electrolytic copper was charged into a graphite crucible and dissolved in an Ar gas atmosphere.
- CO gas at a flow rate of about 10 l / min was blown through a graphite nozzle and was blown continuously for 10 minutes.
- 1000 g of Cu 2 O powder was instantaneously blown through the graphite nozzle, and the CO gas was blown continuously for 10 minutes.
- an extremely low oxygen copper melt having O 2 of 0.5 ppm or less was produced.
- Cr was added to the molten metal, and Zr, Si and Mg were further added and stirred.
- the obtained molten copper alloy was cast into a mold to obtain a cylindrical copper alloy ingot having a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 3 m.
- the columnar copper alloy ingot was heated in a CO gas atmosphere under the conditions of temperature: 900 ° C. and holding for 1 hour to produce a rough rolled wire having a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 300 m.
- This rough rolled wire was hot-welded to form a long hot rough rolled wire, and then subjected to a solution treatment comprising a temperature of 950 ° C. for 1 hour and subsequent water cooling in a CO gas atmosphere.
- the surface oxide of the rough rolled wire having a diameter of 25 mm subjected to the solution treatment was removed. And cold drawing was repeated 8 times, and finally the wire of diameter: 12mm was produced.
- the copper alloy wire thus obtained was further charged into a photolithography annealing furnace and subjected to an aging precipitation treatment at 450 ° C. for 1.5 hours.
- the trolley wires 1-1 to 1-5, 2 to 8, the trolley wires 1 to 15 of the comparative example, and the trolley wires of the conventional example having the composition shown in Table 1 were manufactured.
- the tensile strength at the portion other than the press contact portion and the tensile strength at the press contact portion were measured by the method shown in JIS E2101.
- the strength of the press-contact part the tensile strength of 95% or more is secured with respect to the tensile strength of the part other than the press-contact part, and the tensile strength of 85% to less than 95% is secured.
- a sample having a tensile strength of less than 85% was determined to be C, and the results are shown in Table 2.
- the conductivity was measured at a measurement length of 1 m by a four-terminal method in accordance with JIS C 3001. The obtained results are shown in Table 2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring current-collecting sliding wear characteristics.
- 1 is a rotating body
- 2 is a trolley wire
- 3 is a current collector plate (slip plate)
- 4 is a line-separation rate. It is a total.
- the trolley wires 1-1 to 1-5, 2 to 8 of the present invention example, the trolley wires 1 to 15 of the comparative example, and the trolley wire of the conventional example have a diameter of 50 cm. It was wound around the rotating body 1.
- a current collector plate 3 made of a pantograph iron-based sliding plate (M-39, trade name) was pressed against the trolley wire with a pressing force of 2 kgf.
- the rotating body 1 is rotated at a peripheral speed of 15 km / hour for 60 minutes while a 20 A, 100 V direct current is passed through the current collecting plate 3 to collect current collecting plate wear rate, trolley wire cross-sectional area wear rate, arc generation rate, etc.
- the current-collecting sliding wear characteristics were measured.
- the measured values obtained are shown in Table 3.
- the current collector plate wear rate was determined by dividing the weight reduction amount of the current collector plate by the value obtained by converting the number of rotations of the rotating body into a distance.
- the trolley wire cross-sectional area wear rate was determined by accurately measuring the diameter of the trolley wire after the test with a micrometer and dividing the decrease by the number of revolutions. Further, since a potential difference of 10 to 20 V is generated when an arc is generated, it was determined that an arc was generated when the potential difference was 6 V or more and 50 V or less. Then, during the current collection wear test, this potential difference was measured for 10 seconds every 2 minutes using a wire separation rate meter. This was continuously recorded on a chart to determine the arc generation time. The percentage of arc generation time for this 10 seconds was determined as the arc generation rate.
- ingot cracking was evaluated by the following methods, and the obtained results are shown in Table 4.
- a (good) indicates that there are no practically harmful defects such as cracks on the outer surface and cross section
- C (bad) indicates that there are practically harmful defects such as cracks.
- the crystal grain size was measured as follows in accordance with the comparative method defined in JIS H 0501. First, mechanical polishing and mirror finishing were performed on the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the manufactured trolley wire sample, and then etching was performed. Then, the etched cross section was observed with an optical microscope, and the image or photograph was compared with a standard photograph to measure the crystal grain size.
- the trolley wires 1-1 to 1-5 and 2 to 8 of the present invention are both tensile strength and resistance to sliding wear resistance compared to the trolley wires of the conventional example. It has been found that it has excellent characteristics. Further, it can be understood that there is no ingot cracking, excellent workability, and manufacturing costs can be reduced.
- trolley wires 1-1 to 1-5 and 2 to 8 of the present invention containing 0.1 to 30 ppm of Hf have no ingot cracking and have a crystal grain size of 30 ⁇ m or less. It can be seen that the fatigue characteristics are excellent.
- the trolley wire of the present invention has excellent properties in terms of tensile strength and current-collecting sliding wear resistance, damage and wear can be suppressed even when a large overhead wire tension is applied. For this reason, it can be suitably used as a trolley wire for an electric vehicle such as a Shinkansen that operates at high speed.
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Abstract
Description
その結果、Cr:0.15~0.8%、Zr:0.01~0.25%、Si:0.01~0.1%、Hf:0.1~30ppmを含有し、さらに必要に応じてMg:0.001~0.05%を含む銅合金において、酸素含有量を10ppm以下に制限し、かつ結晶粒径を30μm以下とすると、従来よりも更に耐集電摺動摩耗性および引張り強さが向上し、さらに圧接性も改善されるという知見を得た。
本発明の銅合金トロリ線は、重量%で、Cr:0.15~0.8%、Zr:0.01~0.25%、Si:0.01~0.1%、Hf:0.1~30ppm、酸素:10ppm以下を含有し、残部としてCuおよび不可避不純物を含む組成の銅合金からなり、結晶粒径が30μm以下である。
本発明の銅合金トロリ線では、前記銅合金は、重量%で、Mg:0.001~0.05%をさらに含有してもよい。
近年、電気車の高速化に伴って、トロリ線の架線張力が大きくなり、トロリ線の損傷および摩耗が激しくなっている。このために、トロリ線の交換など保守点検回数が増加しているが、この発明のトロリ線を用いることにより、保守点検回数を減らすことができる。
CrおよびZrは、共にCu素地中に分散粒子として存在することにより、耐摩耗性を向上させる。さらに耐熱強度の向上をもたらす成分である。しかし、Cr含有量が0.8%を越える場合、又はZr含有量が0.25%を越える場合、上記分散粒子が大きくなり、加工後の仕上り線の圧接部強度が低下する。そしてアーク発生率が高くなり、耐集電摺動摩耗性が低下する。一方、Cr含有量が0.15%未満の場合、又はZr含有量が0.01%未満の場合、所望の効果が得られない。したがって、Cr:0.15~0.8%、Zr:0.01~0.25%の範囲となるようにそれぞれの含有量を定めた。
Siは、圧接強度を向上させ、さらに摺動摩耗特性を向上させる作用がある。しかし、その含有量が0.01%未満では、所望の効果が得られない。一方、Siを、0.1%を越えて含有させると、導電率が低下する。このため、Siの含有量は0.01~0.1%に定めた。
Mgは、必要に応じて含有してもよいが、MgもSiと同様に、摺動摩耗特性を向上させる作用を有する。しかし、その含有量が0.001%未満では、所望の効果が得られない。一方、Mgを、0.05%を越えて含有させると、集電板とのなじみが悪くなる。このため、その含有量を0.001~0.05%に定めた。
Hfは、鋳塊の結晶粒を微細化させ、これにより鋳造欠陥を低減させて、鋳塊の健全性および製造歩留りを向上させる作用、及び鋳塊の熱間加工およびそれ以降の冷間加工の加工性を向上させ、これにより割れなどの欠陥発生を抑制する作用を有する。これら作用と共に、最終製品(銅合金トロリ線)の結晶粒径を30μm以下とし、これにより疲労強度を向上させる作用を有する。しかし、その含有量が0.1ppm未満では、結晶粒微細化の効果が得られない。一方、Hfを、30ppmを越えて含有させても、効果が十分得られず、コストアップを招くとともに導電率が低下する。このため、Hfの含有量は0.1~30ppmに定めた。
酸素は、10ppmを越えて含有すると、Cr,Zr,Si,Mgと酸化物を主体とした晶出物を形成し、その大きさが2μm以上になりやすい。2μm以上の晶出物がトロリ線素地中に残存すると、圧接後の接合部およびその近傍の強度が低下する。そしてアーク発生率が高くなり、トロリ線の損傷が激しくなる。このため、酸素含有量は10ppm以下に定めた。
まず、通常の無酸素銅を溶解して得られた溶銅に、黒鉛ノズルを通して還元性ガスを吹込む。上記還元性ガスを吹込む途中で一時的に酸化銅を添加し、さらに続けて還元性ガスを吹込むことにより酸素:0.5ppm以下の極低酸素銅溶湯を作製する。この極低酸素銅溶湯に所定量のCrを添加し、さらに所定量のZr,SiおよびHfと、必要に応じてMgを添加する。その後、鋳造して円柱または角柱状の鋳塊を製造する。
さらにJIS C 3001に準拠した四端子法により、測定長:1mで導電率を測定した。得られた結果を表2に示す。
なお、上記集電板摩耗率は、集電板の重量減少量を、回転体の回転数を距離に換算した値で除することにより求めた。
トロリ線断面積摩耗率は、試験後のトロリ線の直径をマイクロメーターで正確に計り、その減少量を回転数で除することにより求めた。
またアーク発生時には10~20Vの電位差が生じるので、電位差が6V以上50V以下の場合をアーク発生と判断した。そして、集電摩耗試験時、2分毎に10秒間この電位差を離線率計により測定した。これを連続的にチャートに記録し、アーク発生時間を求めた。この10秒間に対するアーク発生時間の百分率をアーク発生率として求めた。
鋳塊割れについては、外表面および断面に、実用上有害な割れ等の欠陥が無い場合をA(good)、実用上有害な割れ等の欠陥が有る場合をC(bad)とした。
結晶粒径は、JIS H 0501に定める比較法に準拠し、以下のように測定した。まず、製造したトロリ線の試料の軸直角断面に機械研磨と鏡面仕上げを施し、次いでエッチングを行った。そして、エッチングした断面を光学顕微鏡により観察し、その映像または写真を標準写真と比較して、結晶粒径を測定した。
加工性については、鋳塊に対して熱間加工および冷間加工を施した際に、使用上有害な割れ・巻き込み等の欠陥が発生しなかった場合をA(good)、使用上有害な割れ・巻き込み等の欠陥が発生した場合をC(bad)とした。
疲労特性は、トロリ線を長さ1mで支持し,19.6kNの引張荷重を発生させた状態で支持点間の中央にひずみ振幅を与える疲れ試験により評価した。従来のトロリ線と比べて、疲れ限度あるいは時間強さに5%以上の優位性がある場合をA(good)、同等もしくは5%以上の優位性が見られない場合をB(fair)とした。
Claims (2)
-  重量%で、Cr:0.15~0.8%、Zr:0.01~0.25%、Si:0.01~0.1%、Hf:0.1~30ppm、酸素:10ppm以下を含有し、残部としてCuおよび不可避不純物を含む組成の銅合金からなり、
 結晶粒径が30μm以下であることを特徴とする銅合金トロリ線。
-  前記銅合金は、重量%で、Mg:0.001~0.05%をさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の銅合金トロリ線。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011532810A JPWO2011036728A1 (ja) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | 銅合金トロリ線 | 
| PCT/JP2009/004891 WO2011036728A1 (ja) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | 銅合金トロリ線 | 
| CN2009801604167A CN102471830A (zh) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | 铜合金滑接导线 | 
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| PCT/JP2009/004891 WO2011036728A1 (ja) | 2009-09-25 | 2009-09-25 | 銅合金トロリ線 | 
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015184174A (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-22 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | トロリ線の摩耗量算定方法およびトロリ線の摩耗量算定装置 | 
| WO2016171048A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | 株式会社 明電舎 | トロリ線の摩耗推定方法及び推定装置 | 
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| CN106350698B (zh) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-27 | 宁波博威合金板带有限公司 | 抗软化铜合金、制备方法及其应用 | 
| CN109321777A (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-12 | 大连理工大学 | 一种高强度高导电高塑性的铜合金及其制备方法 | 
| JP2020133000A (ja) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-31 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 銅合金材、整流子片、電極材 | 
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        - 2009-09-25 WO PCT/JP2009/004891 patent/WO2011036728A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-09-25 CN CN2009801604167A patent/CN102471830A/zh active Pending
- 2009-09-25 JP JP2011532810A patent/JPWO2011036728A1/ja active Pending
 
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| JPH05311284A (ja) * | 1992-05-08 | 1993-11-22 | Railway Technical Res Inst | 銅合金トロリ線 | 
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| JPH06279896A (ja) * | 1993-07-19 | 1994-10-04 | Toshiba Corp | 導電性および強度を兼備した銅合金部材 | 
| JP2003237426A (ja) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-08-27 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | 析出強化型銅合金トロリ線およびその製造方法 | 
| JP2007211317A (ja) * | 2006-02-12 | 2007-08-23 | Sanbo Copper Alloy Co Ltd | 銅合金製塑性加工材及びその製造方法 | 
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015184174A (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-22 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | トロリ線の摩耗量算定方法およびトロリ線の摩耗量算定装置 | 
| WO2016171048A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | 株式会社 明電舎 | トロリ線の摩耗推定方法及び推定装置 | 
| JP2016205945A (ja) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-12-08 | 株式会社明電舎 | トロリ線の摩耗推定方法及び推定装置 | 
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|---|---|
| CN102471830A (zh) | 2012-05-23 | 
| JPWO2011036728A1 (ja) | 2013-02-14 | 
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