WO2011030270A1

WO2011030270A1 - Reinforcing element for recessed parts in concrete structures

Info

Publication number: WO2011030270A1
Application number: PCT/IB2010/053985
Authority: WO
Inventors: André Robert; Clément GUTZWILLER
Original assignee: Gutzwiller Holding Ag
Priority date: 2009-09-08
Filing date: 2010-09-03
Publication date: 2011-03-17
Also published as: EP3181772B1; WO2011030178A1; EP2475827A1; CA2773779A1; EP2475827B1; US20120240496A1; EP3181772A1

Abstract

Construction elements (21) are disclosed which allows potential weaknesses of a concrete structure (10) caused by recessed parts (20), e.g. media lines, to be nearly or fully eliminated. Said construction elements (21) consist of two anchoring devices (2) and an intermediate draw bar (2). A mounting device (4) is fixedly or removably provided in the area of the draw bar such that the hollow space for running the media lines, for example, is defined. The disclosed construction elements (21) can be integrated in the planning phase and/or shortly before casting the concrete.

Description

REINFORCEMENT ELEMENT FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS

The present invention relates to a device for reinforcing concrete structures according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Concrete structures used as ceilings, walls and beams, among other things, are used in all modern buildings to house media pipes for water, sewage, ventilation, electrical and communication. Because ventilation ducts usually have large diameters, these were built separately for buildings with air conditioning systems and the ventilation ducts were often rectangular in shape, so that they could be hidden in the infrastructure, eg in suspended ceilings. In the context of energy saving, which is increasingly being used, more and more pipes and ducts for forced ventilation have been installed. This entails that ventilation ducts of large cross section must be inserted. Since no one appreciates publicly laid pipes in private homes and commercial buildings, which in addition to aesthetic defects are also dust collectors and dirt zones and reduce the room height, more and more pipes are installed in the concrete structure. In general, as comfort needs to progress, more conduits for media lines such as electric, audio, heaters, and water are being inserted, so that in many cases there is an acute weakening of the concrete structures.

In the environment of such media lines arise in the concrete structure several cavities with a longitudinal extent often go through large areas of the concrete structure. As a result, in particular the shear behavior of the

Concrete structures massively impaired.

In particular for the functioning of the static, e.g. However, a reinforced reinforced concrete ceiling, the shear resistance is of crucial importance.

Previously known punching systems allow only reinforcements of the concrete structure in the range of force application areas of columns and the like. They are not suitable for solving the problems caused by media lines causing weakening in the midst of concrete structures. This is particularly because a full concrete cross-section without inserts (eg media lines) must be available for the determined carrying capacity of these punching systems. However, such deposits create large zones without carrying capacity. This would have to be taken into account by installing special devices locally at the point of weakening. Such devices are not known until today.

The document DE 19937414A1 describes a component by means of which recesses in the support area of flat slabs of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete can be reinforced. In this document, the problem is recognized that the arrangement of recesses has a fundamental influence on the carrying capacity of the construction. It is also recognized that there must be the possibility of such devices even during construction, just before the pouring of the concrete to be installed.

This disclosure only relates to conduits routed perpendicular to the ceiling and through the ceiling in the immediate vicinity of the support and solves the problems of puncture resistance. However, the problem is more diverse and often causes problems for the structural engineers, because on site and at the time of acceptance and / or control of the reinforcement is difficult to estimate how much the strength is weakened by accumulations of media lines and media lines of large diameter, and how to proceed if it is supposed that the carrying capacity of a concrete structure is insufficient. The more perfect an installation is performed today by the plumbing, electrical and ventilation installer, the more and, above all, the greater the number and diameter of the pipes that will be built into a concrete structure for later placement of the media lines. The structural engineer is usually not reported, he is confronted with the facts on the spot and must take the reinforcement usually under time pressure.

In static planning, ie in the design of the reinforcement of a concrete construction, this fact has so far at best been taken into account when dimensioning beams. For ceilings and walls, rely on the normally collateralized reinforcement. The pipes are laid before the pouring of the concrete, but often after the determination of the statically necessary reinforcement by the workers on site. The structural engineer, who has to relieve the static before pouring the concrete and is responsible for its quality, has so far not been provided with a means by which he could install a short-term, simple means and on-site construction, a static reinforcement. The present invention now has the object with a component to improve the concrete structures of the type mentioned in such a way that in the planning phase means are made available, which can be used locally reduce the weakenings by media lines or even eliminated. However, funds are made available that can be installed locally at the time of removal of the reinforcement, which ensures the reinforcement of the concrete structure after pouring the concrete by means of clear and for the civil engineer by means of easily recognizable force model in the field of media lines the Reinforced shear behavior such that the statics of the concrete structure corresponds to the originally made by the structural engineer with the calculation of the reinforcement design either completely or at least approximated.

This object is achieved by a component for concrete structures with the features of claim 1. Further inventive features will become apparent from the dependent claims and the advantages thereof are explained in the following description. Basis of the invention is a method that allows the civil engineer both in the planning phase as well as locally using components with force models to take effective measures to reinforce the conventionally reinforced concrete construction locally by suitable means in such a way that the construction is not excessive by media lines weakened, respectively, unnecessary unnecessary oversizing of the same must lead to uneconomical building structures. For this purpose, the deposits referred to as internals 20 and media lines are surrounded by means of components 1,21,22,23, which transmit forces and form clearly recognizable force-neutral zones 31. On each concrete structure, the shear forces act 16,16 '. The figures show such construction in each case in the horizontal arrangement, but apply to any position.

In the following, different force models are described. The ZD force model 40 is released by means of ZD component 21, the SB force model 41 is released by a SB component 22 and the / Requirements of an HS force model 42 allows an HS device 23.

The ZD force model 40 is shown in FIG. The force neutral zone 31 is formed by a tensile zone 33 and a pressure zone 32. The compressive forces are transmitted through the concrete 12 and other parts of the structural element 1 such as e.g. taken over in Fig. 21,22 extensions 8, while for receiving the thrust forces 16,16 'a ZD component 21 with at least one tension element 2 is used.

The SB force model 41 is shown in FIG. The force neutral zone 31 is made possible by an M-Q zone 37, which can transmit the bending moments 34 and the thrust forces 36. The bending moments 34 and the thrust forces 36 are taken over by an SB component 22 with at least one rigid element 6.

Any two force models and force neutral zones may be combined by connection via an HS force model 42 such that a horizontal thrust zone 35 is formed which receives the horizontal thrust forces 18 (FIG. 3). The same combination can be done with a SB-Force model 41 and the HS-force model 41 are made, but this is not shown graphically.

In the drawing shows:

Fig 1 ZD-force model

Fig 2 SB-force model

Figure 3 Combination of a ZD-force model with a HS-force model

Figure 4 ZD component with round end pieces

5 ZD component with square end pieces

FIG. 6 ZD installed in the concrete structure

module

Fig 7 Different forms of brackets on

module

Figure 8 ZD device with cavity forming

pull bar

9 shows a ZD component with cavity-forming

Reinforced drawbar.

FIG. 10 ZD installed in the concrete structure

Component with cavity forming

Reinforced drawbar.

Figure 11 cavity forming tie rods different

Type of ZD components.

Fig 12 connection of several ZD components. Figure 13 ZD component with angularly arranged

Drawbar and anchorage.

Fig. 14 Crosswise and angled arranged

Tie rod and anchoring of ZD components.

Fig. 15 A variety of crosswise and angled

arranged tie rods and anchors of ZD components.

Figure 16 U-shaped SB-component with

Anchorages.

Fig. 17 Various shapes of SB devices.

18 shows an arrangement of an HS component in the

Blanket .

19 different embodiments

various HS components.

Fig 20 Examined, simple embodiment with

defined force neutral zone

Fig. 21 Tested, closed embodiment with defined force neutral zone

Fig. 22 Tested, open embodiment with defined neutral force zone

The figures represent possible embodiments, which will be explained in the following description. The invention ensures in the region of said cavities in the transverse direction, the necessary shear behavior by creating a clear flow of forces. Thus, the resulting tensile component is taken from the thrust forces (eg, truss model) by the systems and devices described below. It is created locally by the systems an armored area for power transmission. This happens depending on the force model by means such as Armierungsbügel, frame systems, rings, dowels and the like which are described below. This results in an increased shear resistance of the concrete structure. It allows the necessary arrangement and guidance of the media lines and the suspension of the resulting tensile forces in such a way that the necessary power flows and concrete pressure diagonals can form. This is done by arranged on the above systems and devices loops, straps, iron, etc. It is also possible to leave the media lines in place and to arrange the new components 1 so that the necessary pressure diagonals can form freely despite the media lines.

An embodiment of the component 1 on which the invention is based, the ZD component 21 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The most essential part of the ZD component 21 is the drawbar 2. This acts as Tension element in both directions. The pull rod 2 may be formed straight or in any conceivable embodiment, for example as a curved rod or frame. In order to securely anchor the ZD component 21 in the concrete 12, it can be equipped with an anchoring 3 at least at one end. These anchors 3 may consist of round or square upsets, conventional end anchorages such as welded crossbars or bends. They always serve to anchor the drawbar 2 in the concrete 12 after pouring.

FIG. 6 shows a built-in ZD component 21. The pressure diagonals 30 act on the drawbar 2 connected to the anchors 3, 3 ', so that the internals 20 can be accommodated in a force-neutral zone 31. The ZD component 21 takes over the transmission of the forces, so that even when installing many and / or large installations 20 such. Media lines the concrete structure 10 with a previously designed and existing conventional armor 11 statically little or not weakened.

To the internals 20 during the pouring of the concrete 12 in the force neutral zone 31, ie in the intended to hold cavity for the management of the fixtures 20 is connected to the drawbar 2 or the anchors 3,3 'a holder 4 fixed or detachable. This consists for example of rods, bands or loops with which the possible cavity for the management of the media lines is controlled and defined. FIG. 7 shows which embodiments are possible. Furthermore, it is also thought to form these brackets 4 as wires or bands, which are at least one end of the tie rod 2 or the anchors 3,3 'releasably secured. In this way, a ZD component 21, or an SB component 22 and also an HS component 23 still used at the last moment before pouring the concrete 12 and the baffles 20 with the loose at one end holder 4 includes and so be connected to the corresponding component 21,22 or 23. In this case, it is a matter of keeping the internals 20 in the designated cavity, the neutral zone 30, even during the pouring process.

Other embodiments are shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. In such embodiments, the tension member 2 also forms the holder 4 for the internals 20. Elements shown in these figures Suitable for the planned installation, so that the craftsmen are given, where they may and should lay your media lines. If a component 21, 22 or 23 is already provided in the planning stage by the plumber, the ventilation technician or the electrician, for example, this can insert its lines into the supports 4 of the components 21, 22 or 23 already present on site. The invention thus offers the builders a way to provide the static security for the installation of fixtures 20 at an early stage.

In order to determine the position of a plurality of components 21, 22 and / or 23 in the longitudinal direction of the force-neutral zone 31, a plurality of components 21, 22 and / or 23 can be connected to one another by connections 5 (FIG. 12). This is necessary if there is a risk that could be moved by the pouring of the concrete 12, the components 21,22 and / or 23 and thereby would not act exactly at the place where the civil engineer wants the reinforcement.

The anchoring 3 does not have to be an upset or a welded part as described above. As shown in Figure 13, the drawbar 2 and the Anchoring 3 also consist of a bent angle. Pull rod 2 and anchoring 3 then take over the thrust forces 16 in the Druckdiagonalen 30 mutually. Tie rod 2 and anchoring 3 can both take over the tensile forces caused by the shear forces 16. They are usually arranged at an angle of 90 °. As shown in FIGS. 13-15, a force-neutral zone 31 can also be created with this arrangement for the internals 20 and especially for large-diameter media lines.

Especially in modern construction, which must meet the requirements of building organization (facility management), many installations are often installed, especially medium lines with large diameters. If this was not already known at the time of the static design of the concrete construction, it can lead to big problems. It is therefore conceivable that a plurality of crosswise arranged combinations of angularly bent elements of tie rods 2 and anchors 3 are used. In this way, as shown in FIG. 15, a plurality of force-neutral zones 31 are provided for accommodating fixtures 20, wherein the concrete structure 10 is not weakened as much as possible. In some cases, it may be worthwhile or necessary to use specially shaped SB devices 22. FIG. 16 shows such flexurally rigid elements 6, which have the advantage that they create an even larger, precisely predetermined force-neutral zone 31 for internals 20. The baffles 20 can be bundled with such rigid elements 6 accurately. A rigid element 6 consists for example of a frame 7, which takes over the thrust forces 16 in the form of bending moments and shear forces and thereby represents a SB-component 22 according to FIG. FIG. 17 shows a few variations of such SB components 22 in the form of frames 7. Such frames 7 can be connected to each other by means of connections 5.

Basically, variants are to be presented, which allow the structural engineer, even at the last moment before pouring the concrete 12 to make arrangements that the concrete structure 10 has no weaknesses and meets the requirements. It is not the goal that you lay out the conventional reinforcement less stable. The goal is rather to reduce or even eliminate weakenings caused by unplanned installations. In order to observe the facts basically explained above and in Figs. 1 to 19 in practical application, devices 1 in the form as shown in Figs. 20 to 22 were subjected to practical tests. It can be seen that the ZD force model with the shapes shown in Figs. 20-22 gives the best results. In the technical sense, these forms are merely developments of the ZD components 21 shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 8 and 9. The force model 40 is shown in FIG. The force neutral zone 31 is formed by a tensile zone 33 and a pressure zone 32 (FIG. 1). The compressive forces are absorbed by the concrete 12 and the anchors, while for receiving the tensile forces of the tension zone 33,33 'a ZD component 21' -21 "'(Fig 20-22) with at least one tension element 2, 2' is used.

The ZD components 21 '- 21'"shown in FIGS. 20-22 ensure the necessary shear-bearing behavior in the area of the internals 20 by creating a clear flow of force with the force-neutral zone 31. Thus, the resulting tensile component is derived from the thrust forces (eg trussing forces). Model) by the ZD components 21 '-21 "' added and locally reinforced area for the Power transmission created. This is done by means such as Armierungsbügel and the like. The result is a clearly quantifiable, increased shear resistance of

Concrete structure. It allows the necessary arrangement and guidance of the internals 20 (media lines) and the connection of the resulting tensile forces in such a way that the necessary power flows and concrete pressure diagonals can form. It is possible to leave the media lines in place and to arrange the ZD components 21 as shown in FIGS. 20-22 in such a way that the necessary power flows can be freely formed despite the built-in components 20 (media lines). Thus, caused by installations 20 local weakenings of the concrete structure 11 are locally compensated and integrated in the entire concrete structure 11.

The most essential part of the ZD components 21 '-21' '' is the pull rod 2,2 '. This acts as Zugbandelement in both directions. In order to securely anchor the ZD components 21 '-21' '' in the concrete, it is equipped with anchors 3 at the ends. The anchors 3 are made e.g. from welded crossbars, bolted lugs, upset or

Turns. They serve to anchor the drawbar 2,2 'in the concrete after pouring. For this purpose, the extensions 8 shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 can be used take on additional functions, such as preventing cracks and avoiding large deformations, etc. in close vicinity of the components 21 '-21'''. They also serve a "gentle" transfer of forces from the ZD components 21 '-21''' to the concrete.

The ZD components 21 '-21' '' take over the transmission of forces locally and can be used at any point, even multiple times. When installing many and large installations 20, the concrete structure 10 with a previously designed and existing conventional reinforcement 11 statically little or not weakened. The local weakenings caused by fixtures 20 are compensated for by the use of ZD components 21'-21 '"according to the invention.

In principle, the variants of the ZD components 21 '- 21'"presented in FIGS. 20-22 should also enable the structural engineer to take precautions at the last moment, for example on the occasion of a final check made by the structural engineer before pouring the concrete that the whole concrete structure 10 has no weak points and meets the requirements. It is not the goal and the object of the invention that you have to design the conventional reinforcement less stable! The goal is rather to attenuate the losses of installations 1 by correcting appropriate measures. That this is achieved with the ZD components 21 '- 21''' shown in FIGS. 20-22 has proved intensive tests.

Claims

claims

1. A device for reinforcing concrete structures bridged by means of locally applicable components, weakened zones, characterized in that in addition to the conventional reinforcement and before the pouring of the concrete internals (20) with at least one component (1) are surrounded, which transmits the forces and in that the concrete structure weakened by the internals (20) is improved by the component (1) reinforcing the local shear behavior of the statics in the area of the internals (20), whereby at least one force model is produced by the structural element (1) ) force-neutral zones (31), by which the position of the internals (20) is defined, thereby at least by the internals (20) caused weakening of the concrete structure are minimized.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (1) consists of a ZD component (21) which forms at least one ZD force model (40), which consists of at least one pressure zone (32) and at least one tensile zone ( 33).

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (1) consists of a SB-component (22) which forms at least one SB-force model (41), which consists of at least one MQ zone (37) and bending moments (34) and shear forces (36).

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (1) consists of an HS component (23) which forms at least one HS force model (42), which consists of at least one horizontal thrust zone (35).

5. Apparatus according to claim 2 and 4, characterized in that the component (1) forms a force model, which consists of at least one ZD force model (40) and at least one HS force model (42).

6. Apparatus according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the component (1) forms a force model, which consists of at least one SB force model (41) and at least one HS force model (42).

7. Device according to claim 1,2,4 and 5, characterized in that the component (1) consists of at least one tension element (2).

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the component (1) has at least one tension element (2) and at least one holder (4).

9. The device according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that the component (1) at least one tension element (2), at least one holder (4) and at least one anchoring (3).

10. The device according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that the component (1) consists of at least one anchored and rigid element (6).

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the rigid element (6) forms a frame (7).

12. The device according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that at least two components (1) by at least one compound (5,5 ') are interconnected.

13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that the connection between at least two components (1) along the force neutral zone (31) is arranged.

14. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that connections (5,5 ') between at least two components (1) are arranged transversely to the force neutral zone (31).

15. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that connections (5, 5 ') are arranged between at least two components (1) along the force-neutral zone (31) and transversely to the force-neutral zone (31).